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- Deep below the ocean's surface...
-OK, do it.
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...lies the remnantsof a forgotten past.
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It's like going in a time machine.
This is a marine biologist's dream.
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- Before the age of dinosaurs...
-What is that?
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...the seas were ruledby monster prehistoric sharks.
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This is truly nightmare fuel.
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Super predatorswith terrifying adaptations.
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Structures off their head
that looked like anvils,
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head spines, scissoring jaws.
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These sharkswere like nothing seen today.
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Formidable predator that
you did not want to get in front of.
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Now teams of scientistsfrom around the world...
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-Might have something.
-What you got?
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...will scour the darkest depths...
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This thing is a monster. It's huge.
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...digging for evidencein unlikeliest places.
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-That's from a 50-foot shark.
-Things really are bigger in Texas.
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To resurrectthe strangest, biggest...
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...and most fearsome...
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...Jurassic sharks.
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Sharks are among the oldest livingmarine species on the planet.
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Sharks are older
than trees themselves.
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They've been ruling the oceans
for hundreds of millions of years.
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Before dinosaurs controlledthe land and air,
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the oceans were full ofprehistoric predatorial nightmares.
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We're talking about sharks
that were larger than white sharks.
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Massive hyper-predatory sharks
with a lot of weird body styles.
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But not all of these sharks
survived for long.
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Deadlier predators
or mass extinctions
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mean that these predators
only reigned for a small era
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before the next one came along.
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In the shadow of Mount Fuji, Japan,
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marine biologist Austin Gallagheris spearheading an expedition
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to an ancient canyonthousands of feet below the surface.
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Suruga Bay
is the deepest bay in Japan
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and it is the perfect location
to study ancient sharks.
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It's like going in a time machine.
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Once an ancient marine battleground,
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Suruga Bay is filledwith bizarre creatures
40
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and survivors of that forgotten era.
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It's home to species
like the frilled shark,
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ghost shark and the goblin shark.
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Species that used to swim
alongside these Jurassic sharks.
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These living fossil sharksare the last links
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between the present and the past.
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Living fossil is a species
that exists today
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that shows traits
of a much more ancient early design.
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Traits that were common
millions of years ago.
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Finding these living fossil sharks
will help us better understand
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what this ancient battleground
looked like,
51
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allowing us to bring
these extinct Jurassic sharks
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through animation like never before.
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I think that this bay was home
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to some of the most
insane-looking super predators
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that ever lived in the oceans,
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like the scissor-tooth
and the buzzsaw shark.
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Two absolute killing machines,
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the scissor-tooth and buzzsaw sharkswere 25-foot monsters
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with nightmarish jaw adaptations
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that have baffled scientistsfor generations.
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Nothing like that exists today.
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Completely bizarre and unfamiliar
to us in the modern world.
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There's so little that's known
about these prehistoric sharks.
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So we're looking for
living shark species
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that would've swam alongside them
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that can prove they were here
and tell us more about them.
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Austin is setting outwith his research partner
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and deep-sea expert Yuuki Watanabe.
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-We've got a shark.
-Kitefin shark!
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The team has pulled upa four-foot shark,
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a survivor of the ancient past.
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Really cool.
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Kitefin sharks
are deep-water shark species
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that have adapted to living at depth.
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But I've never seen a live specimen
up close.
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So this is just an amazing shark.
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Yeah, look at this tail.
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It's elongated
and it looks like a kite,
79
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and this is why this shark
is called kitefin shark.
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Many of the prehistoric sharks
that we see today
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show a very elongated,
almost snake-like body.
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And as sharks continued to evolve
and the tail started to change
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and it started to make
more of a shape
84
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of a classic fin that we see today.
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The kitefin shark is
a perfect example of an ancient shark
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that is in the middle of evolution,
in the middle of this change.
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-Look at the teeth. Really sharp.
-Yeah. Those teeth are sharp.
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So definitely capable of biting
89
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and taking big chunks of flesh
out of species.
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I'm always interested
by the eyes of this shark.
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Green, big and like a jewel.
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Adaptations are key
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for the long-term survival
of any species.
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Their eyes has a different ratio
of rods and cones
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that gives them the advantage
of seeing in pitch black.
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The kitefin's eyes aren'ttheir only deep-sea adaptation.
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It is also the largest known sharkto exhibit bioluminescence,
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which researchers believe it uses
99
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to see on the sea floorwhile hunting
100
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as a way to blend into the oceanfrom below.
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All right, let's get it back
in the water.
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As we explore deeper waters,
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I'm really hoping we see sharks
with even stranger adaptations,
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which will teach us so much more
about these Jurassic sharks
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and help us bring them back to life.
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Halfway around the world,
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00:05:29,960 --> 00:05:31,680
marine biologist Kesley Banks
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is searching forextinct super predators
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in an unexpected location.
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We're in the middle of Texas,
about 600 miles from the Gulf.
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When people think of Central Texas,
this is what they think about.
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But what they don't think about
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is this was actually the bottom
of the ocean at one point.
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The land now known as Texashas dramatically changed
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over hundreds of millions of years.
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Once the Western Interior Seaway,
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a body of waterthat divided the continental US,
118
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Texas has seen multiple erasof oceanic super predators,
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some of which left evidenceof their existence.
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-Hey, Ron. How are you?
-Hey, how are you doing? I'm well.
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I'm here to meet with my friend Ron.
He's a paleontologist.
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So if anyone has the answer to what
ruled the prehistoric sea, it's him.
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Welcome to the Texas perineum.
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What we call Texas today,
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and pretty much
all over the Earth's land masses,
126
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have been slowly shifting around
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ever since they first formed
over four billion years ago.
128
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All of this sedimentary rock here
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would've once been
an ancient sea floor.
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It was teeming with prehistoric life.
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This land is brimming with reminders
of the ocean that once was
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and all of the amazing creatures
that lived in it.
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So the water's gone,
but the sharks are still here.
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The sharks are still here.
If you know where to look for 'em.
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Over the past few years,
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fossilized teeth from over 20different ancient shark species
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have been discoveredin Central Texas.
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These seem, morphologically,
like modern-day sharks.
139
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This one kind of looks like a...
140
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-a very large mako tooth.
-I'll take your word for it.
141
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I've not encountered a mako shark
before, but I'm sure you have.
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I have. Like, I would...
If you were to put this in my hand,
143
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in size, you know,
that's very similar to a mako tooth.
144
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-Does it actually look like that?
-They do. They're very pointed.
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That's not a mako,
but this one is around...
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80 to 90 million years in age.
147
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-And it's from Central Texas.
-That's impressive.
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We've had a selection of things.
Turns out there were a lot.
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There's quite a bit of diversity,
different kinds of fossil sharks
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preserved in these rocks in Texas.
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We find them throughout the rocks
across this region.
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What's neat is all these rocks,
they still preserve these remains.
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You can go out and dig them up today
and find a remarkable diversity.
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For instance, we'll even find
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some of these rarely preserved bones
of the skull.
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Unlike a lot of other sharks,
they actually mineralized
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some of the bones
of their skulls and jaws.
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Usually shark skeletons
are terribly preserved.
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You don't usually find them.
160
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-And this is the jaw?
-That is a left lower jaw.
161
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-A left lower jaw.
-Actually flip it.
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There we go.
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That's the jaw joint in the back.
164
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-Oh, cool.
-Yeah. So there you go.
165
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-Exactly.
-Perfect.
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One of these fossil sharks...
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A lot of these specimens
are anywhere from 300 million
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to, say, 270 million years in age.
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This was a golden age of sharks.
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This was a time when sharks
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reached their maximum diversity
and abundance.
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They started adapting to
all sorts of different opportunities
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and evolving different
body structures, new kinds of teeth,
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new kinds of swimming,
new kinds of tails.
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And the most successful designs
make it through
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and the rest would go extinct.
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Using these fossilized teeth,
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I'm trying to find the largest
and the baddest shark
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that ruled the waters of Texas
300 million years ago.
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At its time, the largest
predatory animal on the planet
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would be the Texas super shark.
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We're talking about sharks
that would be larger
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-than the truck you drove in here on.
-Oh, my gosh.
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Reaching up to 30 feet long,
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the Texas super shark was largerthan modern-day white sharks.
186
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It was a savage killing machine
187
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that ruled the oceans300 million years ago.
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Discovered in 2015,
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it dramatically changedour understanding
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of ancient predators of the area.
191
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No-one thought sharks were that large
that long ago.
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That's roughly
a 300-million-year-old fossil.
193
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-Oh, my gosh.
-Teeth are very distinctive.
194
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Early shark teeth
usually had multiple cusps.
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Each one would've been
a batch of points
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to slam down on
and hold slippery prey.
197
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Even with defense mechanisms,
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smaller sharks were no matchfor the super shark.
199
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That thing had a mouthful of needles.
200
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Great for piercing prey, holding it,
ripping it to shreds back in the day.
201
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With its four dorsal finsand streamlined body,
202
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the Texas super shark could easilyoutmaneuver smaller sharks
203
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in the shallows.
204
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And with a set of massive jaws,
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it could cut through its preyin a single bite.
206
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The Texas super shark is believed
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to have battled the scissor-toothfor prey during its reign,
208
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controllingthe shallow feeding grounds.
209
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Predators like the scissor-tooth
would have used deeper waters
210
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to avoid large predators
like the Texas super shark,
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thriving in deep sea canyons
like Suruga Bay.
212
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All right, Shigeto,
I'm going to turn it on.
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-So this will be A.
-A.
214
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Austin is preparingto explore the bay
215
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with a deep-sea camera system.
216
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This is a pressurized housing
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that allows the camera inside
to be protected
218
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while we film at depth.
219
00:10:44,640 --> 00:10:46,360
The amazing thing about Suruga Bay
220
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is that a lot of what's down there
is a mystery.
221
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We could really see anything.
222
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This setup is completely untethered,
223
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so when we put it
over the side of the boat, that's it.
224
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It will sink
to the bottom of the sea floor
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00:10:58,840 --> 00:11:02,200
and it allows us to access areas
that otherwise we wouldn't be able to
226
00:11:02,280 --> 00:11:04,800
and that's gonna be huge
for this investigation.
227
00:11:04,880 --> 00:11:08,360
The team is targeting an areain the bay over 2,000 feet deep,
228
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dead center in what researchers callthe twilight zone.
229
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And it's good to go.
230
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Twilight zone is a part of the ocean
that goes from 600 to 3,000 feet deep
231
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that is completely dark.
232
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This is the zone
at which light disappears
233
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and it's also the area that
is a hot spot for shark activity.
234
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It's wildly unexplored,
but teeming with life.
235
00:11:29,600 --> 00:11:31,640
OK, good, good, good. Nice, Yuuki.
236
00:11:31,720 --> 00:11:33,840
I'm ready to get this camera wet.
Let's go.
237
00:11:33,920 --> 00:11:36,680
OK, do it. Two. Three.
238
00:11:38,320 --> 00:11:41,760
All right.
All right. Let's go, let's go.
239
00:11:43,000 --> 00:11:45,520
All right, so, we've got
the live feed in the water.
240
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I'm really excited to see.
241
00:11:48,560 --> 00:11:51,640
Despite its depth, the camerais able to wirelessly connect
242
00:11:51,720 --> 00:11:53,200
to the monitor on the boat,
243
00:11:53,280 --> 00:11:56,120
giving Austin a front row viewof the ocean floor.
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00:11:56,200 --> 00:11:58,040
All right.
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Now almost half a mile deep,
246
00:12:02,200 --> 00:12:04,360
Austin is lookingfor any indications
247
00:12:04,440 --> 00:12:06,520
of the bay's ancient sea life.
248
00:12:06,600 --> 00:12:09,440
It's pitch black.
I'm not seeing much right now.
249
00:12:09,520 --> 00:12:12,400
But it does seem like
we have good connectivity.
250
00:12:18,400 --> 00:12:21,800
OK, OK.
We've got something coming in here.
251
00:12:23,640 --> 00:12:28,120
That looks like some sort of dogfish.
Beautiful specimen.
252
00:12:28,200 --> 00:12:30,960
Dogfish are
a relatively smaller group of sharks
253
00:12:31,040 --> 00:12:33,880
that have been around
for about a hundred million years.
254
00:12:33,960 --> 00:12:35,880
Dogfish are preyed on
by larger sharks.
255
00:12:35,960 --> 00:12:39,160
So seeing one on the camera
this early is a really good sign.
256
00:12:43,640 --> 00:12:44,760
Wow.
257
00:12:45,800 --> 00:12:47,720
So, this is amazing.
258
00:12:47,800 --> 00:12:51,600
This is the largest crustacean
on planet Earth.
259
00:12:51,680 --> 00:12:53,600
The Japanese spider crab.
260
00:12:53,680 --> 00:12:55,280
This one's huge.
261
00:12:55,360 --> 00:12:58,320
It's actually known
to be almost ten feet long
262
00:12:58,400 --> 00:13:01,200
in total arm length
when it's kind of spread out.
263
00:13:01,280 --> 00:13:04,680
These are huge.
They move a lot over the sea floor.
264
00:13:04,760 --> 00:13:07,640
Kind of like the isopods,
scavenging for what prey items
265
00:13:07,720 --> 00:13:10,280
and dead things
are kind of on the bottom there.
266
00:13:10,360 --> 00:13:13,640
One of Suruga Bay'smost famous deep-sea dwellers,
267
00:13:13,720 --> 00:13:17,760
the Japanese spider crabis known for its massive size.
268
00:13:17,840 --> 00:13:19,640
With its incredibly long legs,
269
00:13:19,720 --> 00:13:22,360
it can reachup to ten feet in length.
270
00:13:24,240 --> 00:13:25,880
Look at those claws.
271
00:13:25,960 --> 00:13:28,640
So, to get that big
you have to have a lot of food.
272
00:13:28,720 --> 00:13:31,080
So there's clearly
a food source down there
273
00:13:31,160 --> 00:13:33,200
for bigger predators.
274
00:13:38,120 --> 00:13:42,400
The sea floor here
is just loaded with life.
275
00:13:42,480 --> 00:13:45,520
I'm starting to get a little bit
of an understanding here.
276
00:13:45,600 --> 00:13:48,200
There seems like
there's a decent prey base
277
00:13:48,280 --> 00:13:50,560
down at the bottom here,
which is really great.
278
00:13:50,640 --> 00:13:52,080
Oh, what's this?
279
00:13:53,240 --> 00:13:55,720
I think we have something huge here.
280
00:13:55,800 --> 00:13:57,400
This is a huge fish.
281
00:13:57,480 --> 00:13:59,760
Whoa, this is crazy.
282
00:14:02,240 --> 00:14:04,440
Yuuki, we've got something big
on the camera.
283
00:14:04,520 --> 00:14:06,040
In Suruga Bay,
284
00:14:06,120 --> 00:14:09,000
Dr Austin Gallagheris scanning the sea floor
285
00:14:09,080 --> 00:14:11,480
in search of any evidenceof the ancient sharks
286
00:14:11,560 --> 00:14:14,040
that still patrol these waters.
287
00:14:14,120 --> 00:14:17,280
Wow. That's a Yokozuna slickhead.
288
00:14:17,360 --> 00:14:20,960
The Yokozuna slickhead has probably
been around for millions of years,
289
00:14:21,040 --> 00:14:23,760
but only discovered a few years ago.
290
00:14:23,840 --> 00:14:26,640
It is so wild to me
that we're still discovering
291
00:14:26,720 --> 00:14:29,320
all these large predators today.
292
00:14:29,400 --> 00:14:31,000
Named for the highest rank
293
00:14:31,080 --> 00:14:33,480
a Japanese sumo wrestlercan achieve,
294
00:14:33,560 --> 00:14:37,640
the Yokozuna slickhead isten feet long with large blue eyes
295
00:14:37,720 --> 00:14:40,280
that allow it to hunt at depthin low light.
296
00:14:40,360 --> 00:14:41,720
-Wow.
-Wow.
297
00:14:43,960 --> 00:14:46,320
Oh, my. That's awesome.
298
00:14:46,400 --> 00:14:49,240
-They scare the other fish away.
-They know it's a predator.
299
00:14:49,320 --> 00:14:51,160
But its most striking feature
300
00:14:51,240 --> 00:14:53,880
is its heavily ossifiedreinforced skull,
301
00:14:53,960 --> 00:14:57,120
making it almost impenetrable.
302
00:14:57,200 --> 00:14:59,760
It looks very ancient.
It almost looks like...
303
00:14:59,840 --> 00:15:01,360
-like a dinosaur.
-Yeah.
304
00:15:01,440 --> 00:15:05,520
Looking at the body plan
of this species, it is ancient
305
00:15:05,600 --> 00:15:08,600
and it reminds me
of prehistoric monster fish.
306
00:15:08,680 --> 00:15:12,160
The beast is similarto the ocean's first apex predator,
307
00:15:12,240 --> 00:15:14,880
swimming 400 million years ago.
308
00:15:14,960 --> 00:15:17,960
The Dunkleosteus,also known as the Dunk,
309
00:15:18,040 --> 00:15:20,000
was the stuff of nightmares.
310
00:15:20,080 --> 00:15:23,640
It was the top predator.
These things were 30 feet in length,
311
00:15:23,720 --> 00:15:27,520
notable for having armor plates
over the head and parts of the body.
312
00:15:27,600 --> 00:15:31,040
Besides its armored head,the Dunk had sharp plates for teeth
313
00:15:31,120 --> 00:15:33,520
that could easily crunchthrough bone.
314
00:15:33,600 --> 00:15:34,920
Instead of true teeth,
315
00:15:35,000 --> 00:15:40,600
their jaws actually formed
large sheering scissoring blades
316
00:15:40,680 --> 00:15:44,000
to slice and dice their prey.
317
00:15:44,080 --> 00:15:45,640
Everything was on the menu.
318
00:15:46,280 --> 00:15:49,200
Doing this type of research
when Dunkleosteus was in the water
319
00:15:49,280 --> 00:15:51,520
would have been
a very different situation.
320
00:15:52,760 --> 00:15:55,520
Fishermen certainly would
have had a different experience.
321
00:16:02,000 --> 00:16:03,720
If alive today,
322
00:16:03,800 --> 00:16:07,160
the Dunk's teeth would easilybe able to snap through metal.
323
00:16:08,560 --> 00:16:11,280
And with its immense sizeand strength,
324
00:16:11,360 --> 00:16:15,200
it would have the powerto take down ships.
325
00:16:18,840 --> 00:16:20,600
After the Dunk's extinction,
326
00:16:20,680 --> 00:16:24,280
the Texas super sharkbecame the ocean's top predator.
327
00:16:25,120 --> 00:16:26,960
And once this behemoth went extinct,
328
00:16:27,040 --> 00:16:28,520
its disappearance allowed
329
00:16:28,600 --> 00:16:31,200
for a new breed of super sharksto evolve.
330
00:16:34,120 --> 00:16:37,240
Back in Texas,marine biologist Kesley Banks
331
00:16:37,320 --> 00:16:41,200
and paleontologist Ron Tykoskiare searching the dig site
332
00:16:41,280 --> 00:16:43,760
for remainsof another prehistoric predator
333
00:16:43,840 --> 00:16:45,960
that could have beeneven more ferocious.
334
00:16:46,040 --> 00:16:48,000
-Hey, Chris. How's it going?
-Hey, guys.
335
00:16:48,080 --> 00:16:49,480
-How are you?
-How are you?
336
00:16:49,560 --> 00:16:52,160
Good to have you.
Glad you could come see our bone dig.
337
00:16:52,240 --> 00:16:53,640
-Yeah.
-Absolutely. Amazing.
338
00:16:53,720 --> 00:16:57,280
You guys are standing in one of the
best bone beds in the entire world.
339
00:16:57,360 --> 00:16:59,240
We've got a site
that's full of sharks.
340
00:16:59,320 --> 00:17:02,120
This fossil bed may holdtooth remains of a predator
341
00:17:02,200 --> 00:17:05,760
that rose to dominanceafter the Texas super shark.
342
00:17:05,840 --> 00:17:09,280
One of the most exciting things
about this fossil bed
343
00:17:09,360 --> 00:17:11,320
is the ecosystem is so well preserved
344
00:17:11,400 --> 00:17:15,480
that we actually do see
lots of bits and pieces of sharks.
345
00:17:15,560 --> 00:17:18,760
And so we see things
like the Orthacanthus teeth,
346
00:17:18,840 --> 00:17:22,080
and the head spines,
so the venomous spines.
347
00:17:22,160 --> 00:17:24,200
A small eel-like shark,
348
00:17:24,280 --> 00:17:27,920
the Orthacanthus swamthrough both fresh and saltwater,
349
00:17:28,000 --> 00:17:30,640
feeding on crustaceanswith its barbed teeth
350
00:17:30,720 --> 00:17:34,440
while using its poisonous head spineto fend off predators.
351
00:17:34,520 --> 00:17:38,360
If you were a bigger shark and you
came and bit down on this one's head,
352
00:17:38,440 --> 00:17:42,760
you got a spine in the roof of
the mouth that probably hurt a lot.
353
00:17:42,840 --> 00:17:44,520
Look at the barbs on that thing.
354
00:17:44,600 --> 00:17:48,000
So, for this species, this head spine
would get up to about 12 inches.
355
00:17:48,080 --> 00:17:49,400
I'm sure if you look around
356
00:17:49,480 --> 00:17:52,000
you'll start seeing
more and more of these things.
357
00:17:52,080 --> 00:17:55,040
So, here's some brushes
for you guys and a pick
358
00:17:55,120 --> 00:17:57,680
-and we're going to walk up the hill.
-All right.
359
00:17:57,760 --> 00:17:59,880
We're going to look
at this dead shark zone
360
00:17:59,960 --> 00:18:03,360
because that's where the sharks are
gonna be getting bigger and bigger.
361
00:18:03,440 --> 00:18:06,640
This area is home
to so many ancient shark species.
362
00:18:06,720 --> 00:18:09,480
I'm hoping to find evidence
of these giant super predators
363
00:18:09,560 --> 00:18:11,960
to find out who really ruled
the prehistoric seas.
364
00:18:12,040 --> 00:18:14,600
This is how
high-tech fossil prospecting is.
365
00:18:14,680 --> 00:18:17,520
You keep your eye to the ground.
Nothing terribly high-tech.
366
00:18:17,600 --> 00:18:20,560
Looking for bits and pieces of bone
367
00:18:20,640 --> 00:18:23,400
and things that are eroding out,
like that.
368
00:18:23,480 --> 00:18:25,640
And you just keep your eyes open
369
00:18:25,720 --> 00:18:28,800
for things that Mother Nature
has already exposed.
370
00:18:30,880 --> 00:18:33,960
Right now we're just looking
to see if something has started
371
00:18:34,040 --> 00:18:36,920
to kind of poke through
this top layer of sediment.
372
00:18:42,320 --> 00:18:44,440
Hey, Ron, Chris.
373
00:18:44,520 --> 00:18:46,320
-Yep?
-Might have something.
374
00:18:46,400 --> 00:18:48,120
What you got?
375
00:18:48,200 --> 00:18:49,520
I'm not sure.
376
00:18:50,360 --> 00:18:53,240
But it doesn't look like
the rocks that are around it.
377
00:18:54,440 --> 00:18:57,560
Something's eroding out there.
Start digging it up.
378
00:19:00,640 --> 00:19:03,440
-That's a big tooth.
-That is a big whopping tooth.
379
00:19:03,520 --> 00:19:04,520
Wow.
380
00:19:05,680 --> 00:19:08,720
-So, it's definitely a shark tooth.
-That is a huge shark tooth.
381
00:19:08,800 --> 00:19:11,200
-How big are we talking?
-That's a monster tooth.
382
00:19:11,280 --> 00:19:13,200
That's from a 30 to 50-foot shark.
383
00:19:13,280 --> 00:19:15,440
That looks like distant relatives
384
00:19:15,520 --> 00:19:17,520
-of a modern-day great white.
-Oh, my gosh.
385
00:19:17,600 --> 00:19:20,200
80 to 90-million-year-old
Cretoxyrhina.
386
00:19:20,280 --> 00:19:22,560
-The Ginsu shark.
-That's awesome.
387
00:19:23,640 --> 00:19:25,720
100 million years ago,
388
00:19:25,800 --> 00:19:30,080
the Ginsu shark,nicknamed for its knife-like teeth,
389
00:19:30,160 --> 00:19:33,480
was one of the most formidablepredators to ever swim the oceans.
390
00:19:33,560 --> 00:19:37,320
Cretoxyrhina lived in the age of
big marine lizards called mosasaurs.
391
00:19:37,400 --> 00:19:42,520
The mosasaur, a prehistoric reptilewith the body of a crocodile,
392
00:19:42,600 --> 00:19:44,600
clashed for prey with the Ginsu.
393
00:19:44,680 --> 00:19:48,280
We actually do have specimens
of mosasaurs with bite marks on them
394
00:19:48,360 --> 00:19:49,920
left behind by Cretoxyrhina.
395
00:19:54,440 --> 00:19:58,560
Absolutely incredible to find
an 80 to 90-million-year-old shark
396
00:19:58,640 --> 00:20:00,400
this far away from the ocean.
397
00:20:01,400 --> 00:20:05,480
If this shark was alive today,
it would decimate the Gulf Coast.
398
00:20:05,560 --> 00:20:09,280
Imagine something that big
hunting in shallow water.
399
00:20:10,720 --> 00:20:12,040
Although it was enormous,
400
00:20:12,120 --> 00:20:15,560
the Ginsu predominately huntedin the shallow coast.
401
00:20:19,920 --> 00:20:24,120
Using both its size and speed,it preyed on smaller sharks...
402
00:20:26,440 --> 00:20:28,560
...devouring them in a single bite.
403
00:20:32,800 --> 00:20:34,800
As the seaway over Texas shrank,
404
00:20:34,880 --> 00:20:37,520
the Ginsu struggled to survivein a new environment.
405
00:20:37,600 --> 00:20:40,760
But one of its prey,the sixgill shark,
406
00:20:40,840 --> 00:20:44,760
survived by taking refuge deepin the newly formed Caribbean Sea.
407
00:20:44,840 --> 00:20:47,320
-Safety check.
-Safety check.
408
00:20:47,400 --> 00:20:49,920
Recently, a teamof marine biologists
409
00:20:50,000 --> 00:20:51,920
launched an investigation there
410
00:20:52,000 --> 00:20:55,560
in a 2,000-foot abyssdubbed the Tongue of the Ocean.
411
00:20:55,640 --> 00:20:59,040
The favorite hunting groundof these living fossils.
412
00:20:59,120 --> 00:21:02,520
The sixgill sharks are huge predators
in the deep ocean,
413
00:21:02,600 --> 00:21:05,360
getting sizes up to 14, 15 feet long.
414
00:21:05,440 --> 00:21:08,240
Got just rows of these saw blades.
415
00:21:08,320 --> 00:21:10,440
They actually carve out
chunks of flesh.
416
00:21:12,800 --> 00:21:16,000
It's like seeing a dinosaur
'cause they swam around the same time
417
00:21:16,080 --> 00:21:19,800
and they haven't changed much
in a few hundred million years.
418
00:21:19,880 --> 00:21:22,960
There's so little that's known
about these prehistoric sharks
419
00:21:23,040 --> 00:21:25,520
because they live
so deep in the ocean.
420
00:21:26,920 --> 00:21:29,000
-Here we go.
-Most people, when we told them
421
00:21:29,080 --> 00:21:31,440
we were gonna try to tag a shark
from a submarine,
422
00:21:31,520 --> 00:21:34,080
-thought we were completely nuts.
- Good to launch.
423
00:21:34,160 --> 00:21:38,120
No one has ever tagged a sixgillor any other shark at this depth.
424
00:21:38,200 --> 00:21:41,160
Doing so could dramatically changeshark research
425
00:21:41,240 --> 00:21:44,960
and allow scientists to see howthese prehistoric predators thrived
426
00:21:45,040 --> 00:21:48,320
and staved off extinctionthrough migration.
427
00:21:49,280 --> 00:21:51,120
- Good to launch.
-Roger that.
428
00:22:00,480 --> 00:22:04,240
With Dr Gavin Naylor at the helm,the crew is heading into the depths.
429
00:22:16,040 --> 00:22:17,920
I can see it.
430
00:22:20,520 --> 00:22:22,800
It looks like a little crinoid.
431
00:22:29,320 --> 00:22:31,000
I am really excited.
432
00:22:31,080 --> 00:22:32,680
I'm a little bit apprehensive
433
00:22:32,760 --> 00:22:35,200
because I realize
that I'm going down to depth
434
00:22:35,280 --> 00:22:38,120
to see a 16-foot mysterious animal.
435
00:22:39,160 --> 00:22:42,560
Between 200
and 1,000 meters deep or so,
436
00:22:42,640 --> 00:22:46,400
the dominant large predatory shark
is a bluntnose sixgill shark.
437
00:22:47,400 --> 00:22:50,400
They're enormous.
Their jaws open really wide.
438
00:22:50,480 --> 00:22:52,960
Their teeth are huge saws, basically.
439
00:22:53,040 --> 00:22:56,280
They're a pretty formidable predator
in their environment.
440
00:23:11,280 --> 00:23:15,840
Control, control, we're at
one-zero-zero meters, descending on.
441
00:23:20,800 --> 00:23:22,760
Wow, this is pretty magical.
442
00:23:22,840 --> 00:23:25,600
Control on bottom,
five-two-four meters.
443
00:23:26,600 --> 00:23:28,920
That looks like a steep cliff,
like a ridge.
444
00:23:29,000 --> 00:23:30,480
It is a ridge.
445
00:23:30,560 --> 00:23:32,680
1,700 feet beneath the surface,
446
00:23:32,760 --> 00:23:35,120
they reach the edgeof an ancient abyss.
447
00:23:35,200 --> 00:23:37,760
-How about here?
-I think that looks perfect.
448
00:23:39,960 --> 00:23:43,520
-All right. Lights out?
-Yeah.
449
00:23:43,600 --> 00:23:45,160
Now in position,
450
00:23:45,240 --> 00:23:48,280
the team turns off the lights,trying to remain hidden
451
00:23:48,360 --> 00:23:51,880
from the prehistoric predatorsthat patrol the ledge.
452
00:23:51,960 --> 00:23:54,720
So, it'd be pretty funny
if we get a sixgill
453
00:23:54,800 --> 00:23:58,160
-and it pushes us off the cliff.
-Right.
454
00:24:00,760 --> 00:24:04,320
I think something's down here.
What is that?
455
00:24:05,040 --> 00:24:06,720
-Oh, here we go. Shark.
-Here we go.
456
00:24:11,080 --> 00:24:12,720
And there's a grouper.
457
00:24:12,800 --> 00:24:14,800
Should I try turning on
some other lights?
458
00:24:14,880 --> 00:24:17,120
-Yeah, yeah.
-Whoa, that's a big grouper.
459
00:24:17,200 --> 00:24:20,600
Goliath groupers can weigh inat up to 800 pounds,
460
00:24:20,680 --> 00:24:23,800
with a lineagethat dates back millions of years.
461
00:24:34,840 --> 00:24:36,920
Oh. Whoa, what was that?
462
00:24:38,040 --> 00:24:39,680
-He's right here.
-Oh, he's here?
463
00:24:39,760 --> 00:24:42,000
He's right here.
You should be able to see him.
464
00:24:42,080 --> 00:24:44,080
-We should be able to see him.
-OK.
465
00:24:44,160 --> 00:24:46,680
-We are armed for gun one.
-OK.
466
00:24:46,760 --> 00:24:49,880
Oh, here we go. A sixgill.
OK, OK, OK.
467
00:24:49,960 --> 00:24:52,960
-Some white light?
-Yes, white light now. OK.
468
00:24:53,040 --> 00:24:54,880
----.
469
00:24:55,960 --> 00:24:59,600
-Wow, look at that.
-I'm not gonna shoot yet. Shall I...?
470
00:24:59,680 --> 00:25:01,720
No, no. That's a gill.
That's a gill shot.
471
00:25:01,800 --> 00:25:04,680
No, no, he's... Belly shot.
Look at the size of that thing.
472
00:25:07,040 --> 00:25:11,000
-Oh, my God.
-It's huge. This thing is a monster.
473
00:25:11,080 --> 00:25:15,520
Reaching up to 18 feet in lengthand 1,300 pounds...
474
00:25:15,600 --> 00:25:16,680
Wow!
475
00:25:16,760 --> 00:25:20,280
...the sixgill is a massivevoracious predator...
476
00:25:21,320 --> 00:25:24,640
...feeding on just about anythingit comes across.
477
00:25:24,720 --> 00:25:26,800
Oh, my goodness.
478
00:25:26,880 --> 00:25:29,920
Doesn't have any claspers
at the base. It's a female!
479
00:25:31,360 --> 00:25:34,520
She's coming back at us.
She's interested in the sub.
480
00:25:36,800 --> 00:25:39,800
Bumping the sub. Look at the eye.
481
00:25:41,080 --> 00:25:42,960
-She's pushing the sub.
-The whole sub.
482
00:25:50,200 --> 00:25:51,960
Where did she go?
483
00:25:52,040 --> 00:25:53,840
Oh, look. Here she is. Here she is.
484
00:25:56,680 --> 00:25:58,200
She's pushing the whole sub.
485
00:25:58,280 --> 00:26:00,440
She's gonna knock us off
the damn cliff.
486
00:26:02,520 --> 00:26:04,280
Look at it.
487
00:26:05,520 --> 00:26:09,120
The head is three feet wide.
That is an enormous animal.
488
00:26:09,880 --> 00:26:12,080
Look at the width of that thing.
489
00:26:12,160 --> 00:26:14,760
That's bigger than most white sharks.
490
00:26:14,840 --> 00:26:16,360
It's bigger than this sub.
491
00:26:27,080 --> 00:26:28,920
Oh, look, look, look, look, look.
492
00:26:29,000 --> 00:26:32,640
Oh, my goodness. We've got a visitor.
493
00:26:33,640 --> 00:26:35,240
This is not the same one.
494
00:26:35,320 --> 00:26:37,600
I think that light
might be scaring her away.
495
00:26:37,680 --> 00:26:41,120
-You want me to turn it off?
-Yeah, yeah, switch it off.
496
00:26:41,200 --> 00:26:42,680
-OK. Are we armed?
-Still armed.
497
00:26:42,760 --> 00:26:44,200
-You are armed.
-OK, great. OK.
498
00:26:44,280 --> 00:26:48,040
A second, smaller sixgillis slowly approaching the sub.
499
00:26:48,120 --> 00:26:51,120
I'm not going to take a shot
until I'm absolutely sure.
500
00:26:51,200 --> 00:26:53,200
-Can we get some lights on?
-Lasers.
501
00:26:53,280 --> 00:26:55,760
-OK. Perfect.
-Dome light first.
502
00:26:55,840 --> 00:26:58,040
OK, nice.
503
00:26:59,040 --> 00:27:00,480
Do you want the main lights?
504
00:27:00,560 --> 00:27:02,760
No, no. It's good. It's good.
Yeah, it's good.
505
00:27:07,920 --> 00:27:10,120
OK, not yet. Not yet.
506
00:27:10,200 --> 00:27:12,080
Too close to the head.
I can't do that.
507
00:27:12,960 --> 00:27:17,120
This is... male. Come on.
508
00:27:18,400 --> 00:27:19,920
OK.
509
00:27:24,400 --> 00:27:25,720
You got him.
510
00:27:27,960 --> 00:27:29,720
Aim is right.
511
00:27:31,960 --> 00:27:33,280
Good draw.
512
00:27:33,360 --> 00:27:37,320
Tag went into a large male.
513
00:27:37,400 --> 00:27:39,000
Roger.
514
00:27:41,720 --> 00:27:43,640
He's obviously got
the hell out of here
515
00:27:43,720 --> 00:27:46,000
'cause that was not
what he was expecting.
516
00:27:46,080 --> 00:27:49,400
Nice job not hesitating there, Gavin.
517
00:27:49,480 --> 00:27:51,120
That's the money shot.
518
00:27:51,200 --> 00:27:53,840
Being able to tag
a sixgill shark at depth
519
00:27:53,920 --> 00:27:56,240
is a really big achievement
for science.
520
00:27:56,320 --> 00:27:59,000
It gives us the chance to study them
without disturbing.
521
00:27:59,080 --> 00:28:00,600
Look at the size of that thing.
522
00:28:00,680 --> 00:28:02,080
Tagging helps us understand
523
00:28:02,160 --> 00:28:04,640
the behavior and the ecology
of shark species.
524
00:28:04,720 --> 00:28:06,560
Where they go,
what depths they prefer,
525
00:28:06,640 --> 00:28:09,120
and what their migrations look like
during the year.
526
00:28:09,200 --> 00:28:12,200
This gives us insights
into how prehistoric sharks
527
00:28:12,280 --> 00:28:14,440
may have survived
while others did not.
528
00:28:14,520 --> 00:28:17,640
While the sixgills' migrationaway from the ancient Texas sea
529
00:28:17,720 --> 00:28:19,440
helped it survive,
530
00:28:19,520 --> 00:28:22,760
the surviving prehistoric sharksof Suruga Bay
531
00:28:22,840 --> 00:28:26,480
relied on the deep sea trenchesto stave off extinction.
532
00:28:26,560 --> 00:28:28,240
I believe that here in Suruga Bay
533
00:28:28,320 --> 00:28:30,440
there are more prehistoric sharks
to uncover
534
00:28:30,520 --> 00:28:33,880
that can teach us about
apex predators that once lived here.
535
00:28:34,480 --> 00:28:37,760
Austin and his team are searchingfor the living fossil sharks
536
00:28:37,840 --> 00:28:40,840
that can help paint a pictureof the extinct super predators
537
00:28:40,920 --> 00:28:42,760
that once swam here.
538
00:28:42,840 --> 00:28:44,400
Yeah, that's good.
539
00:28:44,480 --> 00:28:45,920
First drop we learned a lot.
540
00:28:46,000 --> 00:28:48,880
We had a great view
of the Yokozuna slickhead,
541
00:28:48,960 --> 00:28:51,800
one of the rarest
and oldest fish in the bay.
542
00:28:51,880 --> 00:28:53,000
-Wow.
-Wow.
543
00:28:53,080 --> 00:28:54,960
Now we're going deeper
to try and find
544
00:28:55,040 --> 00:28:57,640
some of the bay's
weirdest and craziest sharks.
545
00:28:57,720 --> 00:29:01,040
Sharks that were prey to
some of the biggest Jurassic sharks.
546
00:29:01,120 --> 00:29:04,200
Just like the scissor-toothand the buzzsaw shark,
547
00:29:04,280 --> 00:29:07,600
two of the wildestand deadliest sharks to ever live,
548
00:29:07,680 --> 00:29:11,120
both of which Austin believesprowled Suruga Bay.
549
00:29:12,200 --> 00:29:14,640
If we can find evidence
of these living fossils,
550
00:29:14,720 --> 00:29:16,840
we know that they hunted in the area.
551
00:29:16,920 --> 00:29:19,480
We are rigged up
for this second location.
552
00:29:19,560 --> 00:29:21,360
Yeah, this is nice construction.
553
00:29:21,440 --> 00:29:25,200
Put a lot of bait on there. Ready
to go explore this new environment.
554
00:29:25,280 --> 00:29:28,720
We're gonna go a little bit deeper.
Around 3,000 feet.
555
00:29:28,800 --> 00:29:31,080
Second drop is going to be an area
556
00:29:31,160 --> 00:29:34,080
where particles
and dead organic materials sink
557
00:29:34,160 --> 00:29:37,440
and that creates more habitat
for consumers, scavengers,
558
00:29:37,520 --> 00:29:39,360
and, of course, big sharks.
559
00:29:39,440 --> 00:29:41,240
Layered with organic debris,
560
00:29:41,320 --> 00:29:44,120
the deeper drop locationis a deep-sea graveyard,
561
00:29:44,200 --> 00:29:48,080
home to the remainsof ancient sharks long extinct.
562
00:29:48,160 --> 00:29:50,960
But the decomposed materialcreates a feeding ground
563
00:29:51,040 --> 00:29:53,880
for some of the largestand strangest sharks in the area
564
00:29:53,960 --> 00:29:55,560
that have survived.
565
00:29:56,560 --> 00:29:58,080
I'm very excited.
566
00:29:58,160 --> 00:30:01,400
-Hopefully we get big monster sharks.
-Yes.
567
00:30:01,480 --> 00:30:04,720
So, let's get this loaded
and let's put it in.
568
00:30:10,120 --> 00:30:11,920
Good. Good.
569
00:30:12,000 --> 00:30:14,240
One, two, three.
570
00:30:18,240 --> 00:30:20,360
All right, guys. Good job, everybody.
571
00:30:20,440 --> 00:30:22,520
That was great.
Thank you, guys. Thank you.
572
00:30:34,240 --> 00:30:36,520
All right. The feed is still working.
573
00:30:36,600 --> 00:30:39,640
That's good because
we are considerably deeper here.
574
00:30:40,760 --> 00:30:42,960
Perfect view of the sea floor here.
575
00:30:43,040 --> 00:30:45,840
It's pitch black.
Not seeing much right now.
576
00:30:47,640 --> 00:30:50,840
Hold on a second.
Is that what I think it is?
577
00:30:52,840 --> 00:30:55,240
Wow. I've never seen
one of these before.
578
00:30:55,880 --> 00:30:59,920
This is a chimaera,
also known as a ghost shark.
579
00:31:00,000 --> 00:31:03,520
The ghost shark is actually
the most ancient vertebrate
580
00:31:03,600 --> 00:31:05,560
that exists today on the planet.
581
00:31:05,640 --> 00:31:07,720
Living deep beneath the surface,
582
00:31:07,800 --> 00:31:11,080
the ghost shark evolved400 million years ago.
583
00:31:11,160 --> 00:31:13,920
Nothing else like itexists in the waters today.
584
00:31:14,000 --> 00:31:18,120
With more of a shark-like frontbut a tail resembling a fish's,
585
00:31:18,200 --> 00:31:21,160
it provides a snapshotinto prehistoric evolution.
586
00:31:21,240 --> 00:31:24,000
It's really interesting
because, also known as a chimaera,
587
00:31:24,080 --> 00:31:26,520
which is sort of this hybrid,
you know, amalgamation
588
00:31:26,600 --> 00:31:28,680
of a lot of different species.
589
00:31:28,760 --> 00:31:32,120
Ghost sharks are really rare,
which is why they earn this name.
590
00:31:32,200 --> 00:31:35,200
So to be able to see a ghost shark
here in Suruga Bay
591
00:31:35,280 --> 00:31:38,800
would prove that this area
was an ancient battleground.
592
00:31:39,640 --> 00:31:42,320
From Greek mythology,the chimaera is a monster
593
00:31:42,400 --> 00:31:45,640
with a lion's head, goat's body,and a serpent's tail.
594
00:31:45,720 --> 00:31:49,000
A patchwork creaturejust like the ghost shark.
595
00:31:49,080 --> 00:31:51,600
If you look at its body,
it's totally wild.
596
00:31:51,680 --> 00:31:56,160
It has wings for pectoral fins
and it can have a really long tail
597
00:31:56,240 --> 00:31:58,960
and a transparent-like body.
598
00:31:59,040 --> 00:32:02,720
And it's called a ghost shark
because it almost disappears
599
00:32:02,800 --> 00:32:04,360
from the fossil record.
600
00:32:04,440 --> 00:32:07,280
To be able to see a ghost shark here,
incredible.
601
00:32:07,360 --> 00:32:10,000
One of the most ancient creatures
to ever exist.
602
00:32:10,080 --> 00:32:12,600
3,000 feet below us right now.
603
00:32:12,680 --> 00:32:16,120
Somehow these animals
have continued to persist.
604
00:32:16,200 --> 00:32:17,520
It's just so cool.
605
00:32:17,600 --> 00:32:19,080
When you see the ghost shark,
606
00:32:19,160 --> 00:32:21,120
you wonder,
how did this thing survive?
607
00:32:21,200 --> 00:32:22,920
It's relatively small
608
00:32:23,000 --> 00:32:25,240
and it can fit
into a lot of different crevices
609
00:32:25,320 --> 00:32:28,560
and canyons in the deep ocean
and hide from larger predators.
610
00:32:28,640 --> 00:32:31,440
But when that species emerges,
you get this incredible view
611
00:32:31,520 --> 00:32:34,360
of what life looked like
hundreds of millions of years ago.
612
00:32:34,440 --> 00:32:37,840
And it was swimming with
some of the wildest Jurassic sharks.
613
00:32:37,920 --> 00:32:40,000
Sharks like the scissor-tooth shark.
614
00:32:41,760 --> 00:32:44,200
The scissor-tooth shark
had a conveyor belt
615
00:32:44,280 --> 00:32:48,400
with two rows of teeth that it would
use to hunt prey at high speeds.
616
00:32:55,280 --> 00:32:58,440
There's still more to uncoverin the mysterious abyss,
617
00:32:58,520 --> 00:33:02,160
as a large shadow emergesfrom the depths.
618
00:33:02,240 --> 00:33:05,840
Oh, that's... What's that?
That's huge. That's really big.
619
00:33:10,880 --> 00:33:13,560
-It hit the camera.
-Oh, my God.
620
00:33:13,640 --> 00:33:15,480
Wow, that is insane.
621
00:33:17,800 --> 00:33:20,560
-Wow.
-Wow.
622
00:33:20,640 --> 00:33:22,880
OK. This is crazy. Whoa.
623
00:33:25,520 --> 00:33:28,760
-Look at that mouth. That's awesome.
-It tried to eat camera system.
624
00:33:28,840 --> 00:33:31,320
-Yeah.
-It's a monster. Real monster.
625
00:33:31,400 --> 00:33:32,960
-It's huge.
-Yes.
626
00:33:33,040 --> 00:33:36,320
-So, it must be a sleeper shark.
-Yeah. Pacific sleeper shark.
627
00:33:36,400 --> 00:33:38,760
They are really monster.
628
00:33:38,840 --> 00:33:41,000
Huge monstrous shark.
629
00:33:41,080 --> 00:33:42,640
Look at those teeth.
630
00:33:42,720 --> 00:33:44,960
Sleeper sharks are unreal.
631
00:33:45,040 --> 00:33:48,640
They are one of the largest predators
in the deep ocean.
632
00:33:48,720 --> 00:33:50,560
They are voracious predators
633
00:33:50,640 --> 00:33:53,160
and they're known
to eat pretty much anything.
634
00:33:53,920 --> 00:33:56,920
Wow. It has this massive wound
right on the belly.
635
00:33:57,000 --> 00:33:58,920
-Some sharks?
-Something really big.
636
00:33:59,000 --> 00:34:00,520
That bite is huge.
637
00:34:00,600 --> 00:34:03,240
Probably came from another shark.
Maybe another sleeper.
638
00:34:03,320 --> 00:34:06,440
You can see on the wound
the shape of the jaw.
639
00:34:06,520 --> 00:34:10,680
Another species clearly attempted
to eat and kill this sleeper shark,
640
00:34:10,760 --> 00:34:12,080
and it was unsuccessful.
641
00:34:12,160 --> 00:34:15,600
This one clearly came out on top
or just got away.
642
00:34:16,560 --> 00:34:18,560
But Austin is still hopingto uncover
643
00:34:18,640 --> 00:34:20,800
some of the strangestsharks of the bay.
644
00:34:20,880 --> 00:34:22,680
So, the feed is still running.
645
00:34:22,760 --> 00:34:25,360
I see the bait.
It's a little bit murky.
646
00:34:26,000 --> 00:34:28,320
OK, I see some shadows in the back.
647
00:34:29,240 --> 00:34:31,080
OK, I see a big shape moving by.
648
00:34:32,680 --> 00:34:34,880
OK, OK.
We've got something coming in here.
649
00:34:34,960 --> 00:34:36,960
What is this? It's long.
650
00:34:37,720 --> 00:34:39,080
What is that?
651
00:34:40,760 --> 00:34:44,400
Oh, my God. That's amazing.
This is a frilled shark.
652
00:34:44,480 --> 00:34:48,480
And that is as close
to a Jurassic type shark
653
00:34:48,560 --> 00:34:49,960
that we're gonna get.
654
00:34:50,040 --> 00:34:51,920
A true alien shark of the deep.
655
00:34:52,000 --> 00:34:55,600
The frilled sharkhas a six-foot-long eel-like body
656
00:34:55,680 --> 00:34:58,440
and gets its namefrom its ruffled gill slits.
657
00:34:58,520 --> 00:35:00,800
And because it livesso deep in the ocean,
658
00:35:00,880 --> 00:35:03,840
it's very rarely seen by humans.
659
00:35:03,920 --> 00:35:06,640
Seeing a frilled shark
is a highlight of this expedition.
660
00:35:06,720 --> 00:35:09,440
There's probably less
than 100 people on the planet
661
00:35:09,520 --> 00:35:12,120
that have seen a frilled shark,
so this is a huge find.
662
00:35:12,200 --> 00:35:15,040
Wow. And the mouth
is just unbelievable.
663
00:35:15,960 --> 00:35:19,200
The frilled shark has rowsof trident-shaped teeth
664
00:35:19,280 --> 00:35:23,360
not inside the mouthbut on the outside of its jaw.
665
00:35:23,440 --> 00:35:25,880
A trait it shareswith the scissor-tooth
666
00:35:25,960 --> 00:35:29,320
and its distant cousinthe buzzsaw shark.
667
00:35:29,400 --> 00:35:33,400
Perhaps the weirdest shark
in the ocean, ever.
668
00:35:33,480 --> 00:35:36,760
The buzzsawhad a bizarre jaw adaptation.
669
00:35:39,840 --> 00:35:42,240
Its lower jaw
was a circular tooth whirl.
670
00:35:43,360 --> 00:35:46,240
So when it would open its jaws,
it would bite something,
671
00:35:46,320 --> 00:35:48,840
pull it into its mouth,
and slice and dice it.
672
00:35:49,920 --> 00:35:51,400
Talk about nightmare fuel.
673
00:35:53,960 --> 00:35:56,280
But when facing offagainst the scissor-tooth,
674
00:35:56,360 --> 00:35:58,000
only one could come out on top.
675
00:35:58,080 --> 00:36:00,400
The buzzsaw shark
and the scissor-tooth
676
00:36:00,480 --> 00:36:02,120
were both swimming together
677
00:36:02,200 --> 00:36:04,120
when evolution
was trying to figure out
678
00:36:04,200 --> 00:36:07,600
which adaptations would be needed
to make a true super shark.
679
00:36:09,280 --> 00:36:12,560
Two 25-foot apex predators.
680
00:36:12,640 --> 00:36:16,240
The buzzsaw's tooth whirlcould cause serious damage.
681
00:36:17,280 --> 00:36:20,200
But it wouldn't come closeto the two rows of teeth
682
00:36:20,280 --> 00:36:23,360
the scissor-tooth usedto eviscerate its prey.
683
00:36:27,000 --> 00:36:28,480
So, this looks like an animal
684
00:36:28,560 --> 00:36:30,560
that shouldn't exist
on planet Earth today.
685
00:36:30,640 --> 00:36:34,520
But here in the deep waters
of Suruga Bay, we have them.
686
00:36:34,600 --> 00:36:38,120
This proves that Suruga Bay
was an ancient battleground
687
00:36:38,200 --> 00:36:40,200
for these large Jurassic sharks,
688
00:36:40,280 --> 00:36:41,800
dominated by the scissor-tooth.
689
00:36:43,040 --> 00:36:45,320
But even the apexpredators of Suruga Bay
690
00:36:45,400 --> 00:36:46,840
would have been no match
691
00:36:46,920 --> 00:36:49,720
for the largest super sharkto ever live.
692
00:36:54,040 --> 00:36:57,640
Back in Texas, Kesley is headedfrom land to the seas
693
00:36:57,720 --> 00:37:00,240
to hunt for evidenceof the megalodon.
694
00:37:01,280 --> 00:37:03,760
Finding ancient sharks
in the middle of Texas,
695
00:37:03,840 --> 00:37:07,360
where there's no modern-day ocean,
was so incredible.
696
00:37:07,440 --> 00:37:10,640
But I've heard evidence of
megalodon remains here in the Gulf.
697
00:37:10,720 --> 00:37:13,880
And I'm here to see if they actually
terrorized these waters.
698
00:37:16,240 --> 00:37:19,680
The most famousmonster prehistoric shark, the meg,
699
00:37:19,760 --> 00:37:22,480
was a coastal predatorwho terrorized the Gulf
700
00:37:22,560 --> 00:37:24,760
20 million years ago.
701
00:37:24,840 --> 00:37:26,200
Bigger than a school bus,
702
00:37:26,280 --> 00:37:29,680
its jaw span was wide enoughto swallow a car whole.
703
00:37:30,720 --> 00:37:33,840
And its bite force was unheard of.
704
00:37:33,920 --> 00:37:36,720
Eight times strongerthan a modern great white's,
705
00:37:36,800 --> 00:37:39,320
making it a killing machine.
706
00:37:41,480 --> 00:37:44,600
So, we're diving at this rig
called Jurassic Park.
707
00:37:44,680 --> 00:37:47,160
Dubbed Jurassic Parkby local fishermen,
708
00:37:47,240 --> 00:37:51,120
this abandoned rig is knownto be a treasure trove of fossils.
709
00:37:51,200 --> 00:37:53,720
That's becausethe oil beneath the ocean
710
00:37:53,800 --> 00:37:56,200
is formed by the remainsof ancient marine life.
711
00:37:57,040 --> 00:38:00,920
So, this will be prime habitat
to find these ancient shark teeth,
712
00:38:01,000 --> 00:38:04,000
while also potentially encountering
modern-day sharks.
713
00:38:04,960 --> 00:38:07,840
Kesley will dive over 60 feetto the bottom of the rig
714
00:38:07,920 --> 00:38:11,160
to search for evidencethat megalodons swam here.
715
00:38:12,160 --> 00:38:14,440
If I'm going to find evidence
of a megalodon,
716
00:38:14,520 --> 00:38:17,160
it might just be
in these waters here.
717
00:38:27,200 --> 00:38:31,240
This is topside.Kesley, how's your visibility?
718
00:38:31,840 --> 00:38:33,560
Super murky.
719
00:38:35,720 --> 00:38:36,960
Hard to see.
720
00:38:39,320 --> 00:38:41,520
The rig is beautiful, though.
721
00:38:46,400 --> 00:38:48,360
Definitely seeing a lot of prey.
722
00:38:56,560 --> 00:38:58,400
But the water is pretty cloudy.
723
00:39:01,880 --> 00:39:03,960
I'm gonna go deeperand hope it's calmer.
724
00:39:14,120 --> 00:39:18,080
- Definitely clearer down here.
- Copy that.
725
00:39:20,320 --> 00:39:22,320
There is so much life down here.
726
00:39:25,600 --> 00:39:27,600
I'm going to check outthe sea floor.
727
00:39:42,480 --> 00:39:45,000
Some of the thingsdown here have been
728
00:39:45,080 --> 00:39:47,680
here for hundredsof millions of years.
729
00:39:55,720 --> 00:39:57,720
Let's see what fossils we can find.
730
00:40:06,200 --> 00:40:07,880
I got something here!
731
00:40:08,560 --> 00:40:10,520
Bringing it upto get a better look.
732
00:40:10,600 --> 00:40:12,080
Copy that.
733
00:40:18,920 --> 00:40:20,920
We found a megalodon tooth.
734
00:40:21,720 --> 00:40:23,080
Down beneath the rig,
735
00:40:23,160 --> 00:40:26,360
Kelsey uncovered what she believesto be the tip of a tooth
736
00:40:26,440 --> 00:40:29,440
belonging to the largest sharkknown to man.
737
00:40:29,520 --> 00:40:31,720
I could only have hoped
to find a meg tooth.
738
00:40:31,800 --> 00:40:35,600
The fact that I actually found one
on this dive is incredible.
739
00:40:35,680 --> 00:40:39,080
The megalodon had teeth
that were seven inches long,
740
00:40:39,160 --> 00:40:42,760
much larger than any
of the other fossilized shark teeth
741
00:40:42,840 --> 00:40:44,640
we've seen on this expedition.
742
00:40:44,720 --> 00:40:48,400
You compare megalodon
to the other super-size sharks,
743
00:40:48,480 --> 00:40:49,800
there's no comparison.
744
00:40:49,880 --> 00:40:52,240
There simply hasn't been
anything bigger.
745
00:40:52,320 --> 00:40:56,800
You're talking about a massive,
big-toothed hyper-predatory shark
746
00:40:56,880 --> 00:40:59,840
that can bite through a whale.
747
00:40:59,920 --> 00:41:01,400
No comparison.
748
00:41:01,480 --> 00:41:03,280
If the meg were around today,
749
00:41:03,360 --> 00:41:06,600
working on this rig would've been
even more dangerous than it is.
750
00:41:07,680 --> 00:41:10,480
If megalodons swamin our oceans today,
751
00:41:10,560 --> 00:41:14,560
engineering a rig to withstand itwould have been a losing battle.
752
00:41:15,240 --> 00:41:18,640
Even the strongest steelwould be no match for its bite.
753
00:41:36,160 --> 00:41:37,760
Get to the bridge!
754
00:42:01,560 --> 00:42:03,160
Everyone knows about the meg,
755
00:42:03,240 --> 00:42:06,200
but there were so many exciting
species that existed before it.
756
00:42:06,280 --> 00:42:09,240
There's so little that's known
about these prehistoric sharks.
757
00:42:09,320 --> 00:42:13,120
So it's up to us, as researchers, to
try and piece those parts together.
758
00:42:13,200 --> 00:42:14,680
I have something!
759
00:42:14,760 --> 00:42:16,960
With these missions,
we were able to uncover
760
00:42:17,040 --> 00:42:19,800
the apex predators
of these ancient oceans.
761
00:42:21,080 --> 00:42:22,400
We've got a shark.
762
00:42:22,480 --> 00:42:24,280
In Japan
we uncovered a living fossil.
763
00:42:24,360 --> 00:42:25,360
-Wow.
-Wow.
764
00:42:25,440 --> 00:42:26,880
Helped us better understand
765
00:42:26,960 --> 00:42:30,480
the scissor-tooth shark
fed on prey in these canyons.
766
00:42:34,960 --> 00:42:36,280
We're here in Texas.
767
00:42:36,360 --> 00:42:40,600
We saw how the Ginsu's teeth evolved
to be super lethal.
768
00:42:43,720 --> 00:42:47,440
There's hundreds of millions of years
of shark history on the planet.
769
00:42:47,520 --> 00:42:49,640
What is clear is, as time went on,
770
00:42:49,720 --> 00:42:51,680
each geologic era
had their super shark.
771
00:42:51,760 --> 00:42:54,800
The first was the Texas super shark.
772
00:43:00,760 --> 00:43:02,040
The Ginsu shark came next.
773
00:43:03,520 --> 00:43:05,520
And with its sharp pointed teeth,
774
00:43:05,600 --> 00:43:08,120
it was an even bigger
killing machine.
775
00:43:09,520 --> 00:43:10,880
But at the end of the day,
776
00:43:10,960 --> 00:43:13,440
nothing compared
to the size of the meg.
777
00:43:21,160 --> 00:43:24,920
Megalodon was the true ruler
of the Jurassic sharks.
778
00:43:26,800 --> 00:43:30,240
Scientists are discovering
new species all the time.
779
00:43:30,320 --> 00:43:32,600
Sharks larger than the truck
you drove here on.
780
00:43:32,680 --> 00:43:35,040
-Oh, my gosh.
-Things we couldn't imagine existed.
781
00:43:35,120 --> 00:43:36,520
This is 3,000 feet below us.
782
00:43:36,600 --> 00:43:39,040
And as technology
continues to advance,
783
00:43:39,120 --> 00:43:42,080
we're getting this incredible view
of these ancient sea beds.
784
00:43:42,160 --> 00:43:43,240
Wow!
785
00:43:44,200 --> 00:43:47,800
-That's really big.
-They are really monster.
786
00:43:49,840 --> 00:43:51,320
It's amazing to think about
787
00:43:51,400 --> 00:43:54,240
how many other insane
prehistoric Jurassic sharks
788
00:43:54,320 --> 00:43:56,960
are still out there,
yet to be discovered.
789
00:44:00,040 --> 00:44:03,040
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