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Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:06,123 --> 00:00:07,415 VALERY LEGASOV: What is the cost of lies? 2 00:00:10,082 --> 00:00:11,207 Who is to blame? 3 00:00:15,791 --> 00:00:16,874 It doesn't matter. 4 00:00:17,457 --> 00:00:18,916 WOMAN: It doesn't look right. 5 00:00:21,832 --> 00:00:22,957 MAN: We taste metal. 6 00:00:23,582 --> 00:00:25,749 ENGINEER: I think there's graphite on the ground. 7 00:00:26,374 --> 00:00:27,415 You didn't see graphite. 8 00:00:28,040 --> 00:00:31,624 (YELLING) You didn't because it's not there! 9 00:00:33,749 --> 00:00:37,624 We seal off the city. Contain the spread of misinformation. 10 00:00:37,707 --> 00:00:38,916 (APPLAUSE) 11 00:00:39,123 --> 00:00:40,415 (PHONE RINGS) 12 00:00:41,624 --> 00:00:42,749 (MUFFLED GROANING) 13 00:00:44,165 --> 00:00:45,832 (RINGING CONTINUES) 14 00:00:49,332 --> 00:00:51,707 BORIS SHCHERBINA: (ON PHONE) Secretary Gorbachev has appointed a committee 15 00:00:51,791 --> 00:00:53,998 to manage the accident. You're on it. 16 00:01:09,666 --> 00:01:11,624 (wind blowing softly) 17 00:01:11,707 --> 00:01:14,624 (dosimeter clicking faintly) 18 00:01:30,666 --> 00:01:32,832 ♪ ♪ 19 00:01:39,248 --> 00:01:42,290 (man reading poem in Ukrainian, over radio) 20 00:02:02,332 --> 00:02:04,540 (man continues reading poem over radio) 21 00:02:22,666 --> 00:02:25,248 (door opens, closes) 22 00:02:28,123 --> 00:02:30,248 (footsteps approaching) 23 00:02:35,874 --> 00:02:37,540 (turns off radio) 24 00:02:39,374 --> 00:02:41,415 You work too hard. 25 00:02:42,707 --> 00:02:47,332 -Where is everyone? -Oh, they refused to come in. 26 00:02:47,415 --> 00:02:49,916 -Why? -It's Saturday. 27 00:02:53,040 --> 00:02:55,374 -Why did you come in? -I work too hard. 28 00:02:55,457 --> 00:02:57,248 It's boiling in here. 29 00:03:01,957 --> 00:03:04,874 (dosimeter alarm buzzing) 30 00:03:09,540 --> 00:03:10,916 (buzzing stops) 31 00:03:12,082 --> 00:03:14,624 Eight milliroentgen. A leak? 32 00:03:14,707 --> 00:03:15,957 No. 33 00:03:16,874 --> 00:03:19,374 It would've gone off before. It's coming from outside. 34 00:03:19,457 --> 00:03:21,082 The Americans? 35 00:03:22,707 --> 00:03:25,040 (wind blowing) 36 00:03:42,791 --> 00:03:45,123 (machines humming) 37 00:03:49,832 --> 00:03:51,957 (whirring) 38 00:03:52,624 --> 00:03:56,290 (printer clacking) 39 00:04:01,832 --> 00:04:04,332 Iodine 131. 40 00:04:04,415 --> 00:04:08,248 It's not military. It's uranium decay, U-235. 41 00:04:08,332 --> 00:04:09,832 Reactor fuel? 42 00:04:12,374 --> 00:04:15,998 Ignalina. Maybe, uh, 240 kilometers away. 43 00:04:16,082 --> 00:04:18,666 (rotary phone dialing) 44 00:04:23,499 --> 00:04:24,707 (line rings) 45 00:04:24,791 --> 00:04:26,582 Yes, this is Ulana Khomyuk 46 00:04:26,666 --> 00:04:29,165 with the Institute of Nuclear En-- 47 00:04:29,248 --> 00:04:30,916 Looking for--? 48 00:04:30,998 --> 00:04:33,957 (man speaking indistinctly over phone) 49 00:04:35,499 --> 00:04:38,123 -All right, stay calm. -Man (over phone): Don't tell me to stay calm. 50 00:04:38,207 --> 00:04:40,165 (man continuing indistinctly) 51 00:04:41,998 --> 00:04:44,791 They're at four. It's not them. 52 00:04:44,874 --> 00:04:47,582 -Who's the next closest? -It's Chernobyl, but that's not possible. 53 00:04:47,666 --> 00:04:49,248 They're 400 kilometers away. 54 00:04:49,332 --> 00:04:51,457 That's too far for eight milliroentgen. 55 00:04:51,540 --> 00:04:53,165 They'd have to be split open. 56 00:04:53,248 --> 00:04:55,374 Maybe they know something. 57 00:04:55,457 --> 00:04:57,582 (rotary phone dialing) 58 00:05:00,457 --> 00:05:02,332 (line ringing) 59 00:05:03,040 --> 00:05:05,666 -Iodine. -Could it be a waste dump? 60 00:05:05,749 --> 00:05:07,123 Khomyuk: No. 61 00:05:07,207 --> 00:05:09,582 We'd be seeing other isotopes. 62 00:05:09,666 --> 00:05:12,749 Nuclear test? Uh, new kind of bomb? 63 00:05:12,832 --> 00:05:16,165 We'd have heard. That's what half our people work on here. 64 00:05:17,624 --> 00:05:22,374 Something with the space program like a satellite or...? 65 00:05:22,457 --> 00:05:24,165 (line ringing) 66 00:05:24,248 --> 00:05:26,374 No one's answering the phone. 67 00:05:28,123 --> 00:05:31,248 (line ringing) 68 00:05:34,582 --> 00:05:37,207 ♪ ♪ 69 00:05:37,290 --> 00:05:38,457 (ringing continues) 70 00:05:38,540 --> 00:05:40,624 (sirens wailing) 71 00:05:46,499 --> 00:05:49,207 -Zinchenko: Get everyone started on an IV. -We don't have enough. 72 00:05:49,290 --> 00:05:51,290 -All the children then. -But we don't have enough! 73 00:05:51,374 --> 00:05:52,791 As many as you can. 74 00:05:52,874 --> 00:05:56,582 -Zinchenko: Where's the old man? -He's set up a burn ward in 16. 75 00:05:57,165 --> 00:06:00,540 (noisy chattering) 76 00:06:10,248 --> 00:06:11,832 What are you doing? What is that? 77 00:06:11,916 --> 00:06:14,040 Milk. It's milk. Much better than water. 78 00:06:14,123 --> 00:06:15,624 No, no, no. Stop. Stop! 79 00:06:15,707 --> 00:06:18,207 -What are you doing? -These are radiation burns! 80 00:06:18,290 --> 00:06:20,499 Their clothes are contaminated! 81 00:06:20,582 --> 00:06:22,082 Help me! 82 00:06:23,207 --> 00:06:24,666 Get it all off. 83 00:06:24,749 --> 00:06:25,832 (moaning) 84 00:06:25,916 --> 00:06:27,957 We're taking it down to the basement. 85 00:06:30,874 --> 00:06:32,499 He was a firefighter from Chernobyl. 86 00:06:32,582 --> 00:06:34,123 Can you stop pushing, please? 87 00:06:34,207 --> 00:06:36,040 (muffled shouting) 88 00:06:36,123 --> 00:06:39,582 -(crowd shouting) -Soldier: We have our orders! 89 00:06:39,666 --> 00:06:42,207 -Disperse! -Hey, there! Get him! 90 00:06:42,290 --> 00:06:44,207 (Lyudmilla shouts indistinctly) 91 00:06:44,290 --> 00:06:46,707 Woman: Why you keeping us out here? 92 00:06:46,791 --> 00:06:48,916 (clamoring) 93 00:06:50,374 --> 00:06:52,290 (clamoring) 94 00:06:55,457 --> 00:06:57,499 ♪ ♪ 95 00:07:40,707 --> 00:07:42,624 (door opens, closes) 96 00:07:42,707 --> 00:07:44,457 Professor Legasov? 97 00:07:44,540 --> 00:07:46,165 Oh, no, not yet. 98 00:07:46,248 --> 00:07:48,582 They're finishing up some other business. It'll be a few more minutes. 99 00:07:48,666 --> 00:07:51,415 -Can I get you some tea? -No, I'm fine. Thank you. 100 00:07:51,499 --> 00:07:54,290 Would you care to read Deputy Chairman Shcherbina's report while you wait? 101 00:07:54,374 --> 00:07:56,165 Certainly. Thank you. 102 00:08:00,207 --> 00:08:03,207 (door opens, closes) 103 00:08:23,832 --> 00:08:25,916 (paper rustles) 104 00:08:29,415 --> 00:08:32,457 ♪ ♪ 105 00:08:35,207 --> 00:08:37,248 (pages rustling) 106 00:08:48,540 --> 00:08:50,582 ♪ ♪ 107 00:08:53,415 --> 00:08:55,082 (door opens) 108 00:08:55,666 --> 00:08:57,749 Kremlin Aide: All right, Professor. They're ready. 109 00:08:58,998 --> 00:09:00,791 Professor Legasov? 110 00:09:09,332 --> 00:09:11,457 ♪ ♪ 111 00:09:25,916 --> 00:09:28,123 Gorbachev: You have my support. 112 00:09:34,457 --> 00:09:36,374 Gorbachev: Thank you all for your duty to this commission. 113 00:09:36,457 --> 00:09:39,540 We will begin with Deputy Chairman Shcherbina's briefing, 114 00:09:39,624 --> 00:09:43,248 and then we will discuss next steps if necessary. 115 00:09:43,332 --> 00:09:45,207 Thank you, comrade General Secretary. 116 00:09:45,290 --> 00:09:49,415 I'm pleased to report that the situation in Chernobyl is stable. 117 00:09:49,499 --> 00:09:52,874 Military and civilian patrols have secured the region, 118 00:09:52,957 --> 00:09:55,123 and Colonel General Pikalov, 119 00:09:55,207 --> 00:09:58,040 who commands troops specializing in chemical hazards, 120 00:09:58,123 --> 00:10:00,165 has been dispatched to the plant. 121 00:10:00,248 --> 00:10:02,791 In terms of radiation, plant director Bryukhanov 122 00:10:02,874 --> 00:10:06,207 reports no more than 3.6 roentgen. 123 00:10:06,290 --> 00:10:08,582 I'm told it's the equivalent of a chest X-ray. 124 00:10:08,666 --> 00:10:11,749 So if you're overdue for a check-up... 125 00:10:11,832 --> 00:10:14,540 -And foreign press? -Totally unaware. 126 00:10:14,624 --> 00:10:17,248 KGB First Deputy Chairman Charkov assures me 127 00:10:17,332 --> 00:10:20,415 that we have successfully protected our security interests. 128 00:10:20,499 --> 00:10:22,874 Gorbachev: Good. Very good. 129 00:10:22,957 --> 00:10:25,540 Well, it seems like it's well in hand, so... 130 00:10:26,707 --> 00:10:29,582 if there's nothing else, meeting adjourned. 131 00:10:30,540 --> 00:10:32,374 -No! -(pounds table) 132 00:10:34,040 --> 00:10:36,165 Pardon me? 133 00:10:36,248 --> 00:10:38,582 Uh, we can't adjourn. 134 00:10:38,666 --> 00:10:41,040 This is Professor Legasov of the Kurchatov Institute. 135 00:10:41,123 --> 00:10:42,998 Professor, if you have any concerns, 136 00:10:43,082 --> 00:10:45,082 feel free to address them with me later. 137 00:10:45,165 --> 00:10:48,998 I can't. I am sorry. I'm so sorry. 138 00:10:49,082 --> 00:10:52,123 Page three, the section on casualties. 139 00:10:52,207 --> 00:10:53,332 Uh... 140 00:10:53,415 --> 00:10:56,248 "A fireman was severely burned on his hand 141 00:10:56,332 --> 00:10:58,707 "by a chunk of smooth, black mineral 142 00:10:58,791 --> 00:11:01,123 on the ground, outside the reactor building." 143 00:11:01,207 --> 00:11:03,290 Smooth, black mineral-- graphite. 144 00:11:03,374 --> 00:11:06,082 There's-There's graphite on the ground. 145 00:11:08,248 --> 00:11:11,332 Well, there was a... a tank explosion. There's debris. 146 00:11:11,415 --> 00:11:14,290 -Of what importance--? -There's only one place in the entire facility 147 00:11:14,374 --> 00:11:17,582 where you will find graphite: inside the core. 148 00:11:17,666 --> 00:11:19,332 If there's graphite on the ground outside, 149 00:11:19,415 --> 00:11:21,624 it means it wasn't a control system tank that exploded. 150 00:11:21,707 --> 00:11:24,207 It was the reactor core. It's open! (inhales) 151 00:11:27,415 --> 00:11:29,998 Um, Comrade Shcherbina? 152 00:11:30,082 --> 00:11:32,248 Comrade General Secretary, I can assure you 153 00:11:32,332 --> 00:11:34,040 that Professor Legasov is mistaken. 154 00:11:34,123 --> 00:11:36,499 Bryukhanov reports that the reactor core is intact. 155 00:11:36,582 --> 00:11:38,998 -And as for the radiation-- -Yes, 3.6 roentgen, 156 00:11:39,082 --> 00:11:41,749 which, by the way, is not the equivalent of one chest X-ray, 157 00:11:41,832 --> 00:11:44,082 but rather 400 chest X-rays. 158 00:11:44,165 --> 00:11:46,415 That number's been bothering me for a different reason, though. 159 00:11:46,499 --> 00:11:50,457 It's also the maximum reading on low-limit dosimeters. 160 00:11:50,540 --> 00:11:53,290 They gave us the number they had. 161 00:11:53,374 --> 00:11:56,123 I think the true number is much, much higher. 162 00:11:56,207 --> 00:11:58,916 If I'm right, this fireman was holding the equivalent 163 00:11:58,998 --> 00:12:01,040 of four million chest X-rays in his hand. 164 00:12:01,123 --> 00:12:03,499 Professor Legasov, there's no place for alarmist hysteria-- 165 00:12:03,582 --> 00:12:05,540 It's not alarmist if it's a fact! 166 00:12:05,624 --> 00:12:08,916 Well, I don't hear any facts at all. 167 00:12:08,998 --> 00:12:11,540 All I hear is a man I don't know 168 00:12:11,624 --> 00:12:14,707 engaging in conjecture in direct contradiction 169 00:12:14,791 --> 00:12:16,916 to what has been reported by party officials. 170 00:12:16,998 --> 00:12:20,374 I'm, uh... I apologize. 171 00:12:20,457 --> 00:12:22,874 I didn't mean, uh... 172 00:12:22,957 --> 00:12:26,582 (clears throat) Please, may I express my concern 173 00:12:26,666 --> 00:12:29,666 as calmly and as respectfully as I-- 174 00:12:29,749 --> 00:12:32,832 -Professor Legasov-- -Gorbachev: Boris. 175 00:12:33,874 --> 00:12:35,707 I will allow it. 176 00:12:44,749 --> 00:12:46,666 Legasov: Um... 177 00:12:48,165 --> 00:12:50,957 An RBMK reactor 178 00:12:51,040 --> 00:12:55,248 uses uranium 235 as fuel. 179 00:12:55,332 --> 00:13:00,123 Every atom of U-235 is like a bullet 180 00:13:00,207 --> 00:13:02,332 traveling at nearly the speed of light, 181 00:13:02,415 --> 00:13:04,916 penetrating everything in its path: 182 00:13:04,998 --> 00:13:08,123 woods, metal, concrete, flesh. 183 00:13:08,207 --> 00:13:11,290 Every gram of U-235 holds 184 00:13:11,374 --> 00:13:14,248 over a billion trillion of these bullets. 185 00:13:14,332 --> 00:13:15,791 That's in one gram. 186 00:13:15,874 --> 00:13:19,165 Now, Chernobyl holds over three million grams, 187 00:13:19,248 --> 00:13:21,874 and right now, it is on fire. 188 00:13:21,957 --> 00:13:26,290 Winds will carry radioactive particles across the entire continent, 189 00:13:26,374 --> 00:13:28,290 rain will bring them down on us. 190 00:13:28,374 --> 00:13:31,457 That's three million billion trillion bullets 191 00:13:31,540 --> 00:13:35,499 in the... in the air we breathe, 192 00:13:35,582 --> 00:13:38,832 the water we drink, the food we eat. 193 00:13:40,499 --> 00:13:44,832 Most of these bullets will not stop firing for 100 years. 194 00:13:44,916 --> 00:13:48,207 Some of them, not for 50,000 years. 195 00:13:48,290 --> 00:13:51,998 Yes, and, uh, this concern 196 00:13:52,082 --> 00:13:56,248 stems entirely from the description of a rock? 197 00:14:00,540 --> 00:14:01,916 Yes. 198 00:14:04,248 --> 00:14:05,540 Hmm. 199 00:14:08,624 --> 00:14:10,415 Comrade Shcherbina... 200 00:14:11,457 --> 00:14:13,791 I want you to go to Chernobyl. 201 00:14:13,874 --> 00:14:15,998 You take a look at the reactor, you personally, 202 00:14:16,082 --> 00:14:17,916 and you report directly back to me. 203 00:14:17,998 --> 00:14:20,207 A wise decision, comrade General Secretary-- 204 00:14:20,290 --> 00:14:22,874 Gorbachev: And take Professor Legasov with you. 205 00:14:23,749 --> 00:14:25,082 Shcherbina: Uh... (chuckles) 206 00:14:25,165 --> 00:14:28,290 Forgive me, comrade General Secretary, but I-- 207 00:14:28,374 --> 00:14:30,749 Do you know how a nuclear reactor works? 208 00:14:32,791 --> 00:14:34,165 -No. -Gorbachev: No. 209 00:14:34,248 --> 00:14:37,374 Well, then how will you know what you're looking at? 210 00:14:37,457 --> 00:14:39,499 Meeting adjourned. 211 00:14:53,290 --> 00:14:57,874 ♪ ♪ 212 00:14:57,957 --> 00:15:00,123 (helicopter blades whupping) 213 00:15:31,874 --> 00:15:33,998 ♪ ♪ 214 00:15:38,540 --> 00:15:40,123 How does a nuclear reactor work? 215 00:15:40,207 --> 00:15:43,165 -What? -Shcherbina: It's a simple question. 216 00:15:44,499 --> 00:15:46,332 It's hardly a simple answer. 217 00:15:46,415 --> 00:15:50,332 Of course, you presume I'm too stupid to understand. 218 00:15:50,415 --> 00:15:53,707 So I'll restate: Tell me how a nuclear reactor works, 219 00:15:53,791 --> 00:15:56,666 or I'll have one of these soldiers throw you out of the helicopter. 220 00:16:06,791 --> 00:16:10,624 A nuclear reactor makes electricity with steam. 221 00:16:10,707 --> 00:16:14,248 The steam turns a turbine which generates electricity. 222 00:16:14,332 --> 00:16:16,290 Where a typical power plant 223 00:16:16,374 --> 00:16:18,248 makes steam by burning coal, 224 00:16:18,332 --> 00:16:20,666 a nuclear plant... 225 00:16:25,832 --> 00:16:30,415 In a nuclear plant, we use something called fission. 226 00:16:30,499 --> 00:16:36,457 We take an unstable element like uranium 235, 227 00:16:36,540 --> 00:16:38,499 which has too many neutrons. 228 00:16:38,582 --> 00:16:41,415 -A neutron is, uh-- -The bullet. 229 00:16:43,415 --> 00:16:45,207 Yes, the bullet. 230 00:16:46,040 --> 00:16:48,874 So, bullets are flying off of the uranium. 231 00:16:48,957 --> 00:16:50,290 Now... 232 00:16:50,374 --> 00:16:55,207 if we put enough uranium atoms close together, 233 00:16:55,290 --> 00:16:59,666 the bullets from one atom will eventually strike another atom. 234 00:16:59,749 --> 00:17:02,832 The force of this impact splits that atom apart, 235 00:17:02,916 --> 00:17:06,207 releasing a tremendous amount of energy, fission. 236 00:17:06,290 --> 00:17:09,040 -And the graphite? -Ah, yes. 237 00:17:09,123 --> 00:17:12,998 The neutrons are actually traveling so fast-- we call this "flux"-- 238 00:17:13,082 --> 00:17:17,874 it's relatively unlikely that the uranium atoms will ever hit one another. 239 00:17:17,957 --> 00:17:22,916 In RBMK reactors, we surround the fuel rods with graphite 240 00:17:22,998 --> 00:17:27,998 to moderate, slow down, the neutron flux. 241 00:17:31,457 --> 00:17:33,165 Good. 242 00:17:33,248 --> 00:17:36,290 I know how a nuclear reactor works. 243 00:17:37,832 --> 00:17:40,290 Now I don't need you. 244 00:17:42,916 --> 00:17:45,082 (helicopter blades womping) 245 00:17:49,415 --> 00:17:52,290 (noisy chattering) 246 00:17:56,791 --> 00:17:58,582 (voices clamoring) 247 00:17:58,666 --> 00:18:02,248 -Can you help me? I need to find my husband. -No. Not now. 248 00:18:06,207 --> 00:18:07,707 -Mikhail! -Lyudmilla. 249 00:18:07,791 --> 00:18:09,374 -(infant screaming) -Take her. 250 00:18:09,457 --> 00:18:11,290 Take her away from here, please. 251 00:18:11,374 --> 00:18:13,998 -Get away from them! You want to get sick? Go! -Mikhail: Oh my God. 252 00:18:14,082 --> 00:18:15,415 Please take her, please take her. 253 00:18:15,499 --> 00:18:17,248 -(infant screaming) -Please take her, please. 254 00:18:17,332 --> 00:18:19,707 Please! Please! 255 00:18:19,791 --> 00:18:21,499 Please take her! 256 00:18:26,832 --> 00:18:29,540 Excuse me, I am Vasily Ignatenko's wife. 257 00:18:29,624 --> 00:18:32,916 He's a fireman. Ignatenko. 258 00:18:32,998 --> 00:18:36,499 Ignatenko, Sixth Paramilitary Fire and Rescue Unit. 259 00:18:36,582 --> 00:18:39,499 I need to find him. Please. 260 00:18:42,624 --> 00:18:44,207 Major Burov: Ignatenko... 261 00:18:44,290 --> 00:18:46,791 He's being transported by helicopter to Moscow. 262 00:18:46,874 --> 00:18:48,666 Hospital number six. 263 00:18:48,749 --> 00:18:50,874 Why, is he all right? Can I see him? 264 00:18:50,957 --> 00:18:52,457 You want to see him? Go to Moscow. 265 00:18:52,540 --> 00:18:54,832 But they're not letting us leave here. 266 00:18:57,374 --> 00:18:59,666 Tell them Major Burov allows it. 267 00:19:01,207 --> 00:19:04,207 -Oh. When are they taking him? -Now. 268 00:19:06,707 --> 00:19:09,666 (helicopter blades whupping) 269 00:19:29,791 --> 00:19:31,916 ♪ ♪ 270 00:19:34,998 --> 00:19:37,040 Pilot: We're approaching the power plant. 271 00:19:42,916 --> 00:19:44,874 Legasov (mutters): What have they done? 272 00:19:45,957 --> 00:19:47,998 Can you see inside? 273 00:19:48,082 --> 00:19:50,916 I don't have to. Look. 274 00:19:50,998 --> 00:19:52,916 That's graphite on the roof. 275 00:19:52,998 --> 00:19:55,332 The whole building's been blown open. 276 00:19:55,415 --> 00:19:56,666 The core's exposed! 277 00:19:56,749 --> 00:19:58,666 I can't see how you can tell that from here. 278 00:19:58,749 --> 00:20:00,165 Oh, for God's sakes. 279 00:20:00,248 --> 00:20:01,666 Look at that glow! 280 00:20:01,749 --> 00:20:04,415 That's radiation ionizing the air! 281 00:20:04,499 --> 00:20:06,123 Well, if we can't see, we don't know. 282 00:20:06,207 --> 00:20:07,832 Get us directly over the building! 283 00:20:07,957 --> 00:20:09,540 -Boris, if we fly... -Don't you use my name! 284 00:20:09,624 --> 00:20:11,916 ...directly over an open reactor, we'll be dead within a week! 285 00:20:11,998 --> 00:20:13,457 Dead! 286 00:20:14,415 --> 00:20:15,624 Pilot: Sir? 287 00:20:15,707 --> 00:20:18,791 Get us over that building, or I'll have you shot! 288 00:20:19,457 --> 00:20:21,624 (indistinct radio transmission) 289 00:20:22,457 --> 00:20:24,499 If you fly directly over that core, I promise you, 290 00:20:24,582 --> 00:20:27,332 by tomorrow morning, you'll be begging for that bullet. 291 00:20:34,332 --> 00:20:35,916 (grunts) 292 00:21:11,290 --> 00:21:14,791 (muffled chatter, laughter) 293 00:21:15,332 --> 00:21:17,540 Perhaps if you came back another day. 294 00:21:22,540 --> 00:21:24,916 Just wonderful. 295 00:21:24,998 --> 00:21:27,415 Khomyuk: Deputy Secretary Garanin. 296 00:21:27,499 --> 00:21:31,666 Ulana Khomyuk of the Byelorussian Institute for Nuclear Energy. 297 00:21:31,749 --> 00:21:33,082 What a pleasure. 298 00:21:33,165 --> 00:21:36,040 -Let me introduce-- -I'm here about Chernobyl. 299 00:21:38,040 --> 00:21:39,457 Such a lovely time. 300 00:21:39,540 --> 00:21:42,874 -Visit again soon. -Chulkov: I will. Thank you. 301 00:21:55,040 --> 00:21:57,998 Garanin: I must tell you, this is why no one likes scientists. 302 00:21:58,082 --> 00:22:00,832 When we have a disease to cure, where are they? 303 00:22:00,916 --> 00:22:04,624 In a lab, noses in their books, and so Grandma dies. 304 00:22:04,707 --> 00:22:05,998 But when there isn't a problem, 305 00:22:06,082 --> 00:22:07,540 they're everywhere, spreading fear. 306 00:22:07,624 --> 00:22:09,998 -I know about Chernobyl. -Oh? 307 00:22:10,082 --> 00:22:12,957 I know that the core is either partially or completely exposed. 308 00:22:13,040 --> 00:22:15,457 -Whatever that means. -And that if you don't immediately 309 00:22:15,540 --> 00:22:18,290 issue iodine tablets and then evacuate this city, 310 00:22:18,374 --> 00:22:20,998 hundreds of thousands of people are going to get cancer, 311 00:22:21,082 --> 00:22:23,415 and God knows how many more will die. 312 00:22:23,499 --> 00:22:25,207 Yes, very good. 313 00:22:25,290 --> 00:22:27,332 There has been an accident at Chernobyl, 314 00:22:27,415 --> 00:22:29,540 but I've been assured there is no problem. 315 00:22:29,624 --> 00:22:31,540 I'm telling you that there is. 316 00:22:31,624 --> 00:22:33,582 I prefer my opinion to yours. 317 00:22:33,666 --> 00:22:36,957 I'm a nuclear physicist. 318 00:22:37,040 --> 00:22:38,624 Before you were Deputy Secretary, 319 00:22:38,707 --> 00:22:40,374 you worked in a shoe factory. 320 00:22:41,499 --> 00:22:45,082 Yes, I worked in a shoe factory. 321 00:22:46,123 --> 00:22:48,248 And now I'm in charge. 322 00:22:50,415 --> 00:22:53,248 "To the workers of the world." 323 00:23:14,957 --> 00:23:17,499 Stable iodine will keep your thyroid 324 00:23:17,582 --> 00:23:19,957 from absorbing radioactive iodine. 325 00:23:21,123 --> 00:23:23,916 Take one a day for as long as they last. 326 00:23:23,998 --> 00:23:25,707 And go east. 327 00:23:25,791 --> 00:23:28,248 Get as far from Minsk as you can. 328 00:24:01,832 --> 00:24:03,499 Fomin: It's overkill. 329 00:24:03,582 --> 00:24:05,499 Pikalov's showing off to make us look bad. 330 00:24:05,582 --> 00:24:08,624 Bryukhanov: It doesn't matter how it looks. 331 00:24:08,707 --> 00:24:10,998 Shcherbina is a pure bureaucrat, 332 00:24:11,082 --> 00:24:13,082 as stupid as he is pigheaded. 333 00:24:13,165 --> 00:24:15,499 We'll tell him the truth in the simplest terms possible. 334 00:24:15,582 --> 00:24:17,290 We'll be fine. 335 00:24:20,832 --> 00:24:22,374 Pikarov! 336 00:24:47,707 --> 00:24:50,582 Comrade Shcherbina, Chief Engineer Fomin, 337 00:24:50,666 --> 00:24:52,624 Colonel General Pikalov, and I 338 00:24:52,707 --> 00:24:53,957 are honored at your arrival. 339 00:24:54,040 --> 00:24:55,290 Deeply, deeply honored. 340 00:24:55,374 --> 00:24:58,332 Naturally, we regret the circumstances of your visit, 341 00:24:58,415 --> 00:25:00,582 but, as you can see, we are making excellent progress 342 00:25:00,666 --> 00:25:02,207 in containing the damage. 343 00:25:02,290 --> 00:25:07,457 We have begun our own inquiry into the cause of the accident, 344 00:25:07,540 --> 00:25:10,540 and I have a list of individuals 345 00:25:10,624 --> 00:25:13,415 who we believe are accountable. 346 00:25:35,457 --> 00:25:36,957 Bryukhanov: Professor Legasov, I understand 347 00:25:37,040 --> 00:25:39,374 you've been saying dangerous things. 348 00:25:39,457 --> 00:25:41,248 Fomin: Very dangerous things. 349 00:25:41,332 --> 00:25:43,666 Apparently, our reactor core exploded. 350 00:25:44,332 --> 00:25:48,582 Please, tell me how an RBMK reactor core explodes. 351 00:25:50,457 --> 00:25:52,791 I'm not prepared to explain it at this time. 352 00:25:52,874 --> 00:25:55,749 As I presumed, he has no answer. 353 00:25:55,832 --> 00:25:58,332 It's disgraceful, really. 354 00:25:58,415 --> 00:26:01,916 To spread disinformation at a time like this. 355 00:26:07,957 --> 00:26:10,666 Why did I see graphite on the roof? 356 00:26:10,749 --> 00:26:12,874 Graphite is only found in the core, 357 00:26:12,957 --> 00:26:16,415 where it's used as a neutron flux moderator. 358 00:26:16,499 --> 00:26:17,916 Correct? 359 00:26:18,874 --> 00:26:22,332 Fomin, why did the Deputy Chairman see graphite on the roof? 360 00:26:23,582 --> 00:26:25,374 Well, that... that can't be. 361 00:26:26,248 --> 00:26:28,916 Comrade Shcherbina, my apologies, but graphite... 362 00:26:28,998 --> 00:26:30,207 that's not possible. 363 00:26:30,290 --> 00:26:32,540 Perhaps you saw burnt concrete. 364 00:26:32,624 --> 00:26:34,415 Now there you made a mistake, 365 00:26:34,499 --> 00:26:37,123 because I may not know much about nuclear reactors, 366 00:26:37,207 --> 00:26:38,832 but I know a lot about concrete. 367 00:26:39,666 --> 00:26:42,165 -Comrade, I assure you-- -I understand. 368 00:26:42,998 --> 00:26:45,624 You think Legasov is wrong. 369 00:26:45,707 --> 00:26:47,666 How shall we prove it? 370 00:26:48,957 --> 00:26:52,207 Our high-range dosimeter just arrived. 371 00:26:52,290 --> 00:26:55,248 We could cover one of our trucks with lead shielding, 372 00:26:55,332 --> 00:26:57,666 mount the dosimeter on the front. 373 00:27:03,457 --> 00:27:06,666 Have one of your men get as close to the fire as he can. 374 00:27:06,749 --> 00:27:08,415 Give him every bit of protection you have. 375 00:27:08,499 --> 00:27:10,791 But understand that even with lead shielding, 376 00:27:10,874 --> 00:27:12,874 it may not be enough. 377 00:27:14,707 --> 00:27:16,582 Then I'll do it myself. 378 00:27:21,248 --> 00:27:23,207 Good. 379 00:27:27,749 --> 00:27:30,415 ♪ ♪ 380 00:28:00,123 --> 00:28:02,207 (tires screech) 381 00:28:05,123 --> 00:28:07,415 (engine revving) 382 00:28:26,707 --> 00:28:28,832 (chains shattering) 383 00:28:47,916 --> 00:28:49,957 ♪ ♪ 384 00:28:55,415 --> 00:28:57,457 ♪ ♪ 385 00:29:20,998 --> 00:29:22,832 He's back. 386 00:29:51,749 --> 00:29:53,957 It's not three roentgen. 387 00:29:54,040 --> 00:29:55,791 It's 15,000. 388 00:29:55,874 --> 00:29:58,540 Bryukhanov: Comrade Shcherbina-- 389 00:29:58,624 --> 00:30:00,082 What does that number mean? 390 00:30:00,165 --> 00:30:02,332 It means the core is open. 391 00:30:02,415 --> 00:30:04,874 It means the fire we're watching with our own eyes 392 00:30:04,957 --> 00:30:06,457 is giving off nearly twice the radiation 393 00:30:06,540 --> 00:30:08,374 released by the bomb in Hiroshima. 394 00:30:08,457 --> 00:30:10,248 And that's every single hour. 395 00:30:10,332 --> 00:30:13,415 Hour after hour, 20 hours since the explosion, 396 00:30:13,499 --> 00:30:14,957 so 40 bombs worth by now. 397 00:30:15,040 --> 00:30:16,374 Forty-eight more tomorrow. 398 00:30:16,457 --> 00:30:19,290 And it will not stop. Not in a week, not in a month. 399 00:30:19,374 --> 00:30:20,874 It will burn and spread its poison 400 00:30:20,957 --> 00:30:23,666 until the entire continent is dead. 401 00:30:26,791 --> 00:30:29,040 Please escort Comrades Bryukhanov and Fomin 402 00:30:29,123 --> 00:30:31,457 to the local party headquarters. 403 00:30:31,540 --> 00:30:33,082 -Thank you for your service. -Comrade-- 404 00:30:33,165 --> 00:30:34,540 You're excused. 405 00:30:35,582 --> 00:30:37,374 Dyatlov was in charge. 406 00:30:38,248 --> 00:30:40,123 It was Dyatlov! 407 00:30:40,207 --> 00:30:42,832 -Tell me how to put it out. -We'll use helicopters. 408 00:30:42,916 --> 00:30:45,666 -We'll drop water on it like a forest fire. -No, no. You don't understand. 409 00:30:45,749 --> 00:30:48,040 This isn't a fire. 410 00:30:48,123 --> 00:30:49,957 This is a fissioning reactor core 411 00:30:50,040 --> 00:30:52,332 burning at over 2,000 degrees. 412 00:30:52,415 --> 00:30:53,998 The heat will instantly vaporize the water-- 413 00:30:54,082 --> 00:30:57,248 -How do we put it out? -(sighs) 414 00:30:58,457 --> 00:31:00,415 You are dealing with something 415 00:31:00,499 --> 00:31:04,957 that has never occurred on this planet before. 416 00:31:06,916 --> 00:31:08,457 Boron. 417 00:31:09,832 --> 00:31:11,832 Boron and sand. 418 00:31:11,916 --> 00:31:14,540 Well, that'll create problems of its own, 419 00:31:14,624 --> 00:31:16,707 but I-I don't see any other way. 420 00:31:16,791 --> 00:31:18,874 Of course, it's going to take thousands of drops, 421 00:31:18,957 --> 00:31:21,540 because you can't fly the helicopters directly over the core, 422 00:31:21,624 --> 00:31:22,998 so most of it is going to miss. 423 00:31:23,082 --> 00:31:25,207 -How much sand and boron? -(scoffs) Well, I can't be-- 424 00:31:25,290 --> 00:31:29,207 -For God's sake, roughly! -Five thousand tons. 425 00:31:29,290 --> 00:31:32,165 And obviously, we're going to need to evacuate an enormous area-- 426 00:31:32,248 --> 00:31:34,165 Never mind that. Focus on the fire. 427 00:31:34,248 --> 00:31:36,998 I am focusing on the fire. 428 00:31:37,082 --> 00:31:41,207 The wind, it's carrying all that smoke, 429 00:31:41,290 --> 00:31:43,040 all that radiation. 430 00:31:43,123 --> 00:31:46,123 At least evacuate Pripyat. It's three kilometers away. 431 00:31:46,207 --> 00:31:48,123 -That's my decision to make. -Then make it. 432 00:31:48,207 --> 00:31:50,874 -I've been told not to. -Is it or is not-- 433 00:31:50,957 --> 00:31:52,749 I'm in charge here! 434 00:31:52,832 --> 00:31:54,499 This will go much easier if you talk to me 435 00:31:54,582 --> 00:31:55,832 about the things you do understand 436 00:31:55,916 --> 00:31:58,666 and not about the things you do not understand. 437 00:32:02,415 --> 00:32:03,916 Where are you going? 438 00:32:03,998 --> 00:32:07,832 Shcherbina: I'm going to get you 5,000 tons of sand and boron. 439 00:32:15,707 --> 00:32:17,832 There's a hotel. 440 00:32:20,499 --> 00:32:22,998 ♪ ♪ 441 00:32:44,082 --> 00:32:46,207 (phone ringing) 442 00:33:01,582 --> 00:33:03,582 (music playing over speakers) 443 00:33:10,374 --> 00:33:12,832 (woman chattering indistinctly) 444 00:33:13,624 --> 00:33:15,707 I'd prefer one of those. 445 00:33:23,749 --> 00:33:25,582 Woman: Superstitious? 446 00:33:34,415 --> 00:33:36,248 Moscow? 447 00:33:39,707 --> 00:33:42,082 Are you here because of the fire? 448 00:33:46,374 --> 00:33:48,916 Anything we should be worried about? 449 00:33:52,916 --> 00:33:54,290 (sighs) 450 00:33:54,374 --> 00:33:55,957 No. 451 00:34:02,916 --> 00:34:04,290 (glass taps bar twice) 452 00:34:06,457 --> 00:34:07,957 Ah. 453 00:34:20,957 --> 00:34:23,791 (wind blowing) 454 00:34:37,165 --> 00:34:40,415 (trees rustling) 455 00:34:44,666 --> 00:34:46,998 (helicopters whupping) 456 00:34:54,040 --> 00:34:56,207 (indistinct radio transmissions) 457 00:35:00,374 --> 00:35:03,040 Pilot (over radio): We're in position. Approaching drop. 458 00:35:04,165 --> 00:35:06,290 Stasiuk: (over radio): Clear to proceed. 459 00:35:07,666 --> 00:35:10,874 Pilot: Copy. We'll go one by one in rotation. 460 00:35:16,040 --> 00:35:18,165 Remind them about the perimeter. 461 00:35:21,666 --> 00:35:23,832 They cannot fly directly over the fire. 462 00:35:23,916 --> 00:35:26,123 A minimum of a ten-meter perimeter. 463 00:35:26,207 --> 00:35:27,624 Pilot: Ten meter perimeter. Copy. 464 00:35:27,707 --> 00:35:29,248 Lead One, per pre-flight: 465 00:35:29,332 --> 00:35:32,040 maintain minimum ten-meter perimeter. 466 00:35:32,123 --> 00:35:33,207 Lead One: Copy that. 467 00:35:33,290 --> 00:35:35,957 Forty meters... 35... 468 00:35:36,040 --> 00:35:37,290 30... 469 00:35:37,374 --> 00:35:39,540 (radio static crackling) 470 00:35:40,916 --> 00:35:43,123 No, no, no! They're too close! 471 00:35:43,207 --> 00:35:44,998 They can't get over the fire. How are they supposed-- 472 00:35:45,082 --> 00:35:46,957 The wind will have to carry it. 473 00:35:47,040 --> 00:35:49,916 Tell them, they cannot go over the core. 474 00:35:52,332 --> 00:35:53,582 Stasiuk: Lead One is too close. 475 00:35:53,666 --> 00:35:55,540 I repeat, they are too close. 476 00:35:56,207 --> 00:35:58,040 Pilot: Copy. 477 00:35:58,123 --> 00:36:00,957 Lead One, you are inside the perimeter. 478 00:36:01,040 --> 00:36:04,165 Lead One: Did not copy. Signal's breaking up. 479 00:36:04,248 --> 00:36:06,582 (radio static crackling) 480 00:36:06,666 --> 00:36:09,082 Pilot: Lead One? 481 00:36:09,165 --> 00:36:10,749 Do you copy? 482 00:36:10,832 --> 00:36:12,749 Lead One, do you copy? 483 00:36:12,832 --> 00:36:14,957 Lead One, come in. 484 00:36:15,040 --> 00:36:16,832 Do you copy, Lead One? 485 00:36:16,916 --> 00:36:18,624 Lead One! 486 00:36:20,165 --> 00:36:22,749 (helicopter engine whines) 487 00:36:24,082 --> 00:36:26,123 ♪ ♪ 488 00:36:30,248 --> 00:36:32,374 ♪ ♪ 489 00:36:36,457 --> 00:36:39,123 Stasiuk: Sir? What do I tell the others? 490 00:36:41,457 --> 00:36:43,332 Is there any other way, Legasov? 491 00:36:43,415 --> 00:36:46,832 (distant helicopters thrumming) 492 00:36:46,916 --> 00:36:48,957 ♪ ♪ 493 00:36:51,957 --> 00:36:53,832 Send the next one in. 494 00:36:55,248 --> 00:36:57,290 Tell them to approach from the west. 495 00:36:58,374 --> 00:37:01,499 Stasiuk: Lead Two, approach from the west. 496 00:37:11,666 --> 00:37:13,791 ♪ ♪ 497 00:37:20,082 --> 00:37:22,207 (phone ringing) 498 00:37:22,290 --> 00:37:24,916 Marina: Kurchatov Institute Laboratory Four. 499 00:37:24,998 --> 00:37:29,457 (over phone): Marina Gruzinskaya, it's Ulana Khomyuk from Minsk. 500 00:37:31,666 --> 00:37:34,248 Oh, yes, how nice of you to phone. 501 00:37:34,332 --> 00:37:36,248 -It's been too long. - It has. 502 00:37:36,332 --> 00:37:38,916 I was actually calling about our friend. 503 00:37:38,998 --> 00:37:41,248 -You know, the one in the country. - Oh, yes, of course. 504 00:37:41,332 --> 00:37:45,082 I wanted to see how he's doing. It's so hot there right now. 505 00:37:45,165 --> 00:37:47,582 Yes, it's extremely hot, 506 00:37:47,666 --> 00:37:48,998 but his nephews are flying down, 507 00:37:49,082 --> 00:37:51,082 and they always bring cool weather. 508 00:37:51,165 --> 00:37:52,791 Oh? Which nephews? 509 00:37:53,540 --> 00:37:57,582 Simka, who's 14, and little Boris, who's five. 510 00:37:57,666 --> 00:37:58,874 Well, that's wonderful. 511 00:37:58,957 --> 00:38:00,749 Though children can make you even hotter 512 00:38:00,832 --> 00:38:02,582 when they're crawling all over you. 513 00:38:02,666 --> 00:38:04,082 Maybe I should visit them. 514 00:38:04,165 --> 00:38:05,957 No, they don't want visitors. 515 00:38:06,040 --> 00:38:08,332 I'm sorry, um, I have to get back to work. 516 00:38:08,415 --> 00:38:10,832 It's very busy right now. Goodbye. 517 00:38:13,666 --> 00:38:16,207 They're dropping sand and boron on the fire. 518 00:38:17,207 --> 00:38:18,749 It's what I would do. 519 00:38:20,540 --> 00:38:22,248 Yes, I'm sure it is. 520 00:38:44,540 --> 00:38:46,207 Dmitri: Where are you going? 521 00:38:47,248 --> 00:38:48,707 Chernobyl. 522 00:38:53,499 --> 00:38:56,165 (door opens, closes) 523 00:38:56,248 --> 00:38:59,040 It's been smooth. Twenty drops. 524 00:38:59,123 --> 00:39:01,290 (distant helicopters thrumming) 525 00:39:05,082 --> 00:39:06,540 What? 526 00:39:09,374 --> 00:39:12,415 There are 50,000 people in this city. 527 00:39:12,499 --> 00:39:17,123 (sighs) Professor Ilyin, who's also on the commission, 528 00:39:17,207 --> 00:39:20,082 says the radiation isn't high enough to evacuate. 529 00:39:20,165 --> 00:39:21,832 Ilyin isn't a physicist. 530 00:39:21,916 --> 00:39:24,916 Well, he's a medical doctor. If he says it's safe, it's safe. 531 00:39:24,998 --> 00:39:27,457 -Not if they stay here. -We're staying here. 532 00:39:27,540 --> 00:39:31,957 Yes, we are, and we'll be dead in five years. 533 00:39:32,040 --> 00:39:34,290 (distant helicopters thrumming) 534 00:39:39,916 --> 00:39:42,374 I'm sorry, I... 535 00:39:42,457 --> 00:39:43,998 I'm sorry. 536 00:40:05,040 --> 00:40:06,957 (phone rings) 537 00:40:10,332 --> 00:40:12,457 (phone rings) 538 00:40:15,624 --> 00:40:17,998 (phone rings) 539 00:40:20,998 --> 00:40:22,332 (phone rings) 540 00:40:22,415 --> 00:40:23,707 Shcherbina. 541 00:40:24,457 --> 00:40:26,624 (distant helicopters thrumming) 542 00:40:29,040 --> 00:40:31,290 (man speaking indistinctly over phone) 543 00:40:35,165 --> 00:40:36,499 Thank you. 544 00:40:42,666 --> 00:40:46,540 A nuclear plant in Sweden has detected radiation 545 00:40:46,624 --> 00:40:49,707 and identified it as a byproduct of our fuel. 546 00:40:50,832 --> 00:40:53,499 The Americans took satellite photos. 547 00:40:54,457 --> 00:40:57,749 The reactor building, the smoke, the fire. 548 00:40:57,832 --> 00:40:59,374 (sighs) 549 00:41:00,457 --> 00:41:02,374 Shcherbina: The whole world knows. 550 00:41:08,957 --> 00:41:11,540 The wind has been blowing toward Germany. 551 00:41:12,957 --> 00:41:15,540 They're not letting children play outside... 552 00:41:17,415 --> 00:41:18,998 in Frankfurt. 553 00:41:21,374 --> 00:41:23,540 (boys chattering outside) 554 00:41:30,624 --> 00:41:32,499 Want a smoke? 555 00:41:47,916 --> 00:41:50,499 Peter Jennings: There has been a nuclear accident in the Soviet Union 556 00:41:50,582 --> 00:41:52,332 and the Soviets have admitted that it happened. 557 00:41:52,415 --> 00:41:53,957 The Soviet version is this: 558 00:41:54,040 --> 00:41:55,457 One of the atomic reactors 559 00:41:55,540 --> 00:41:58,123 at the Chernobyl Atomic Power Plant near the city of Kiev 560 00:41:58,207 --> 00:42:00,791 was damaged, and there is speculation in Moscow 561 00:42:00,874 --> 00:42:03,082 that people were injured and may have died. 562 00:42:03,165 --> 00:42:06,290 The Soviets may have been fairly quick to acknowledge the accident 563 00:42:06,374 --> 00:42:09,666 because evidence in the form of mild nuclear radiation 564 00:42:09,749 --> 00:42:13,791 had already reached beyond the Soviet borders to Scandinavia. 565 00:42:46,749 --> 00:42:52,165 (woman announcing over loudspeaker, in foreign language) 566 00:42:54,791 --> 00:42:56,957 (announcement continuing) 567 00:43:09,998 --> 00:43:12,457 (announcement continuing) 568 00:43:13,165 --> 00:43:15,207 (alarms blaring) 569 00:43:21,332 --> 00:43:23,499 (announcement continuing) 570 00:43:26,207 --> 00:43:28,332 ♪ ♪ 571 00:43:44,707 --> 00:43:47,540 (announcement continuing) 572 00:44:01,666 --> 00:44:03,998 ♪ ♪ 573 00:44:06,540 --> 00:44:08,707 (announcement continuing) 574 00:44:13,540 --> 00:44:15,666 ♪ ♪ 575 00:44:19,374 --> 00:44:21,499 (girl crying) 576 00:44:22,499 --> 00:44:24,874 (announcement continuing) 577 00:44:36,248 --> 00:44:38,374 ♪ ♪ 578 00:44:55,248 --> 00:44:58,457 (announcement continuing) 579 00:44:58,540 --> 00:45:00,582 ♪ ♪ 580 00:45:15,499 --> 00:45:18,624 ♪ ♪ 581 00:45:25,707 --> 00:45:28,332 (siren wailing) 582 00:45:30,332 --> 00:45:32,457 (announcement continuing) 583 00:45:47,791 --> 00:45:51,998 (announcement continuing) 584 00:45:55,040 --> 00:45:57,165 (announcement fading) 585 00:46:03,290 --> 00:46:05,332 ♪ ♪ 586 00:46:12,332 --> 00:46:14,499 (distant helicopters thrumming) 587 00:46:28,415 --> 00:46:30,832 I said turn around. This is a restricted zone. 588 00:46:30,916 --> 00:46:35,290 -I'm from the Byelorussian Institute for Nuclear Energy. -Do you have permission? 589 00:46:35,374 --> 00:46:37,624 Listen to me, I need to speak to someone urgently. 590 00:46:37,707 --> 00:46:40,082 Turn around right now, or I'll arrest you. 591 00:46:40,165 --> 00:46:41,916 If you arrest me, you should take me 592 00:46:41,998 --> 00:46:44,207 to the highest possible authority. 593 00:46:48,707 --> 00:46:51,248 Legasov: We have to start a radiological survey. 594 00:46:51,332 --> 00:46:55,540 Sector by sector, on foot, dosimeters in hand. 595 00:46:57,165 --> 00:46:58,916 Are you all right? 596 00:47:01,540 --> 00:47:02,874 Of course. 597 00:47:04,082 --> 00:47:05,415 Comrades-- 598 00:47:05,499 --> 00:47:08,123 The guards arrested this woman at the south checkpoint. 599 00:47:08,207 --> 00:47:12,457 -I'd have put her in a cell-- -But he thought you should know that I know. 600 00:47:12,540 --> 00:47:14,332 I know that your reactor core is exposed. 601 00:47:14,415 --> 00:47:17,332 I know the graphite is on fire, the fuel is melting, 602 00:47:17,415 --> 00:47:19,332 and you're dropping sand and boron on it, 603 00:47:19,415 --> 00:47:22,666 which you probably thought was smart, but you've made a mistake. 604 00:47:22,749 --> 00:47:25,832 Ulana Yuriyvna Khomyuk, Chief Physicist, 605 00:47:25,916 --> 00:47:28,207 Byelorussian Institute for Nuclear Energy. 606 00:47:28,290 --> 00:47:31,540 And you are Valery Alexeyevich Legasov? 607 00:47:31,624 --> 00:47:34,165 Smothering the core will put the fire out, 608 00:47:34,248 --> 00:47:37,040 but the temperature will eventually increase-- 609 00:47:37,123 --> 00:47:38,666 Legasov: Believe me, I'm perfectly aware. 610 00:47:38,749 --> 00:47:40,791 But I estimate at least a month 611 00:47:40,874 --> 00:47:42,791 before it melts through the lower concrete pad, 612 00:47:42,874 --> 00:47:44,791 -which gives us time-- -No, you don't have a month. 613 00:47:44,874 --> 00:47:46,582 You have approximately two days. 614 00:47:47,499 --> 00:47:50,707 Yes, the fuel would take a month 615 00:47:50,791 --> 00:47:52,832 to reach the concrete pad here. 616 00:47:52,916 --> 00:47:56,415 But first... it's going to burn through 617 00:47:56,499 --> 00:47:58,874 the biological shield here by Tuesday. 618 00:47:58,957 --> 00:48:01,957 And when it does, it's going to hit these tanks-- 619 00:48:02,040 --> 00:48:03,332 bubbler pools, reservoirs-- 620 00:48:03,415 --> 00:48:06,582 Reservoirs for the ECS. I understand your concern, 621 00:48:06,666 --> 00:48:08,582 but I confirmed it with plant personnel. 622 00:48:08,666 --> 00:48:12,248 -The tanks are nearly empty. -No, they were nearly empty. 623 00:48:12,332 --> 00:48:15,791 Each of these points here, here, and here 624 00:48:15,874 --> 00:48:17,874 all drain to the bubbler pools. 625 00:48:17,957 --> 00:48:20,499 I'm guessing that every pipe in the building ruptured. 626 00:48:20,582 --> 00:48:23,540 And then there are those fire engines that I saw on the way in. 627 00:48:23,624 --> 00:48:25,749 The fire hoses are still connected. 628 00:48:25,832 --> 00:48:28,874 They've been gushing water into the structure this whole time. 629 00:48:28,957 --> 00:48:30,916 The tanks are full. 630 00:48:32,916 --> 00:48:35,457 The tanks are full. 631 00:48:37,998 --> 00:48:40,207 (speaking foreign language) 632 00:49:04,415 --> 00:49:05,666 (door opens) 633 00:49:14,457 --> 00:49:18,749 I have ten minutes, then I'm back on the phone 634 00:49:18,832 --> 00:49:21,749 apologizing to our friends, 635 00:49:21,832 --> 00:49:24,998 apologizing to our enemies. 636 00:49:25,082 --> 00:49:28,415 Our power comes from the perception of our power. 637 00:49:28,499 --> 00:49:32,123 Do you understand the damage this has done? 638 00:49:32,207 --> 00:49:35,415 Do you understand what's at stake? 639 00:49:37,040 --> 00:49:38,374 Boris. 640 00:49:40,457 --> 00:49:44,874 Professor Legasov will deliver our briefing. 641 00:49:46,540 --> 00:49:48,040 There is some good news. 642 00:49:48,123 --> 00:49:50,791 The air drops are working to douse the fire. 643 00:49:50,874 --> 00:49:54,624 There's been a reduction in radionuclide emissions, 644 00:49:54,707 --> 00:49:56,540 but the fire will not be extinguished 645 00:49:56,624 --> 00:49:59,499 for at least another two weeks. 646 00:50:01,415 --> 00:50:04,415 There is also an additional problem. 647 00:50:05,957 --> 00:50:07,707 Nuclear fuel doesn't turn cold 648 00:50:07,791 --> 00:50:10,457 simply because it is not on fire. 649 00:50:10,540 --> 00:50:12,165 In fact, the temperature will likely rise 650 00:50:12,248 --> 00:50:14,957 as a result of the blanket of sand we've dropped. 651 00:50:15,040 --> 00:50:17,832 The uranium will melt the sand, 652 00:50:17,916 --> 00:50:19,624 creating a kind of lava 653 00:50:19,707 --> 00:50:22,998 which will begin to melt down through the shield below. 654 00:50:23,082 --> 00:50:24,624 You have made lava? 655 00:50:27,290 --> 00:50:29,415 I anticipated this. 656 00:50:30,916 --> 00:50:33,207 I believed there was time to reinforce 657 00:50:33,290 --> 00:50:35,332 this lower concrete pad 658 00:50:35,415 --> 00:50:36,874 before the lava reached the earth 659 00:50:36,957 --> 00:50:38,499 and contaminated the groundwater. 660 00:50:38,582 --> 00:50:41,666 But as it turned out, I was worried about the wrong thing. 661 00:50:41,749 --> 00:50:43,624 Uh, um... 662 00:50:43,707 --> 00:50:47,290 It was my understanding that these large water tanks 663 00:50:47,374 --> 00:50:49,957 under the reactor were essentially empty. 664 00:50:50,040 --> 00:50:53,123 This is Ulana Khomyuk of the Byelorussian Institute. 665 00:50:53,207 --> 00:50:55,499 Thanks to her insight, we are now aware 666 00:50:55,582 --> 00:50:58,874 that the tanks are, in fact, full. 667 00:50:58,957 --> 00:51:02,832 Of water. Why is that a problem, professor? 668 00:51:04,040 --> 00:51:05,499 (clears throat) 669 00:51:07,123 --> 00:51:08,791 When the lava enters these tanks, 670 00:51:08,874 --> 00:51:11,207 it will instantly superheat and vaporize 671 00:51:11,290 --> 00:51:14,957 approximately 7,000 cubic meters of water, 672 00:51:15,040 --> 00:51:18,540 causing a significant thermal explosion. 673 00:51:18,624 --> 00:51:20,582 How significant? 674 00:51:20,666 --> 00:51:24,540 We estimate between two and four megatons. 675 00:51:24,624 --> 00:51:27,916 Everything within a 30-kilometer radius 676 00:51:27,998 --> 00:51:29,666 will be completely destroyed, 677 00:51:29,749 --> 00:51:33,082 including the three remaining reactors at Chernobyl. 678 00:51:33,165 --> 00:51:36,666 The entirety of the radioactive material in all of the cores 679 00:51:36,749 --> 00:51:39,832 will be ejected at force 680 00:51:39,916 --> 00:51:42,957 and dispersed by a massive shock wave, 681 00:51:43,040 --> 00:51:48,248 which will extend approximately 200 kilometers 682 00:51:48,332 --> 00:51:51,624 and likely be fatal to the entire population of Kiev 683 00:51:51,707 --> 00:51:53,749 as well as a portion of Minsk. 684 00:51:53,832 --> 00:51:56,749 The release of radiation will be severe 685 00:51:56,832 --> 00:52:00,082 and will impact all of Soviet Ukraine, 686 00:52:00,165 --> 00:52:03,791 Latvia, Lithuania, Byelorussia, 687 00:52:03,874 --> 00:52:07,123 as well as Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, 688 00:52:07,207 --> 00:52:09,874 Romania, and most of East Germany. 689 00:52:13,540 --> 00:52:16,415 What do you mean "impact"? 690 00:52:17,207 --> 00:52:19,749 For much of the area, a nearly permanent disruption 691 00:52:19,832 --> 00:52:22,374 of the food and water supply, 692 00:52:22,457 --> 00:52:25,457 a steep increase in the rates of cancer and birth defects. 693 00:52:25,540 --> 00:52:28,998 I don't know how many deaths there will be, but many. 694 00:52:29,082 --> 00:52:30,957 For Byelorussia and the Ukraine, 695 00:52:31,040 --> 00:52:33,374 "impact" means completely uninhabitable 696 00:52:33,457 --> 00:52:36,874 for a minimum of 100 years. 697 00:52:40,707 --> 00:52:44,123 There are more than 50 million people 698 00:52:44,207 --> 00:52:46,957 living in Byelorussia and Ukraine. 699 00:52:47,040 --> 00:52:48,874 Sixty, yes. 700 00:52:53,248 --> 00:52:54,998 And how long before this happens? 701 00:52:55,082 --> 00:52:58,957 Approximately 48 to 72 hours. 702 00:53:02,415 --> 00:53:04,832 But we may have a solution. 703 00:53:04,916 --> 00:53:06,707 We can pump the water from the tanks. 704 00:53:06,791 --> 00:53:10,207 Unfortunately, the tanks are sealed shut by a sluice gate, 705 00:53:10,290 --> 00:53:12,415 and the gate can only be opened manually 706 00:53:12,499 --> 00:53:14,040 from within the duct system itself. 707 00:53:14,123 --> 00:53:17,290 So we need to find three plant workers 708 00:53:17,374 --> 00:53:18,957 who know the facility well enough 709 00:53:19,040 --> 00:53:20,666 to enter the basement here, 710 00:53:20,749 --> 00:53:24,998 find their way through all these duct ways, 711 00:53:25,082 --> 00:53:27,165 get to the sluice gate valve here, 712 00:53:27,248 --> 00:53:31,707 and give us the access we need to pump out the tanks. 713 00:53:31,791 --> 00:53:34,540 Of course, we will need your permission. 714 00:53:34,624 --> 00:53:36,666 My permission for what? 715 00:53:36,749 --> 00:53:39,207 Uh, the water in these ducts, 716 00:53:39,290 --> 00:53:42,123 the level of radioactive contamination-- 717 00:53:42,207 --> 00:53:44,624 They'll likely be dead in a week. 718 00:53:46,374 --> 00:53:50,123 We're asking for your permission to kill three men. 719 00:53:58,290 --> 00:53:59,666 Well... 720 00:53:59,749 --> 00:54:02,332 Comrade Legasov... 721 00:54:02,415 --> 00:54:06,165 (clears throat) all victories inevitably come at a cost. 722 00:54:42,457 --> 00:54:44,540 (dogs panting) 723 00:54:50,624 --> 00:54:52,666 ♪ ♪ 724 00:55:08,916 --> 00:55:11,040 (wind blowing) 725 00:55:31,290 --> 00:55:35,123 Legasov: And open the sluice gate valve... here. 726 00:55:35,207 --> 00:55:37,207 The valve will be difficult to operate, 727 00:55:37,290 --> 00:55:39,123 so we'll need three men 728 00:55:39,207 --> 00:55:42,749 who will need to know the basement layout. 729 00:55:42,832 --> 00:55:46,791 And, of course, any volunteers will be rewarded. 730 00:55:46,874 --> 00:55:51,290 A yearly stipend of 400 rubles. 731 00:55:57,374 --> 00:56:02,332 And, uh, for those of you working in reactors one and two, promotions. 732 00:56:02,415 --> 00:56:06,165 Why are reactors one and two still operating at all? 733 00:56:06,248 --> 00:56:08,332 My friend was a security guard that night, 734 00:56:08,415 --> 00:56:09,998 and, uh, she's now dying. 735 00:56:10,082 --> 00:56:12,707 And we've all heard about the firemen. 736 00:56:12,791 --> 00:56:16,791 And now you want us to swim underneath a burning reactor? 737 00:56:17,582 --> 00:56:19,707 Do you even know how contaminated it is? 738 00:56:19,791 --> 00:56:21,290 (clears throat) 739 00:56:21,791 --> 00:56:23,666 I... I don't have an exact number. 740 00:56:23,749 --> 00:56:26,624 You don't need an exact number to know if it'll kill us. 741 00:56:27,248 --> 00:56:29,165 But you can't even tell us that. 742 00:56:30,457 --> 00:56:32,874 Why should we do this? For what, 400 rubles? 743 00:56:32,957 --> 00:56:34,791 (murmurs in agreement) 744 00:56:36,415 --> 00:56:39,165 You'll do it because it must be done. 745 00:56:43,749 --> 00:56:47,123 You'll do it because nobody else can. 746 00:56:49,457 --> 00:56:53,123 And if you don't, millions will die. 747 00:56:54,290 --> 00:56:57,248 If you tell me that's not enough, I won't believe you. 748 00:56:58,457 --> 00:57:02,540 This is what has always set our people apart. 749 00:57:02,624 --> 00:57:05,832 A thousand years of sacrifice in our veins. 750 00:57:06,666 --> 00:57:09,457 And every generation must know its own suffering. 751 00:57:10,499 --> 00:57:13,248 I spit on the people who did this, 752 00:57:13,332 --> 00:57:15,957 and I curse the price I have to pay. 753 00:57:18,082 --> 00:57:20,499 But I'm making my peace with it, 754 00:57:20,582 --> 00:57:22,332 and now you make yours. 755 00:57:22,415 --> 00:57:25,165 And go into that water. 756 00:57:27,248 --> 00:57:28,916 Because it must be done. 757 00:57:28,998 --> 00:57:31,165 (distant helicopters thrumming) 758 00:57:46,165 --> 00:57:47,707 Ananenko. 759 00:57:52,040 --> 00:57:53,540 Bezpalov. 760 00:57:58,707 --> 00:58:00,540 Baranov. 761 00:58:02,749 --> 00:58:04,874 ♪ ♪ 762 00:58:20,540 --> 00:58:22,624 ♪ ♪ 763 00:58:48,248 --> 00:58:50,415 (distant helicopters thrumming) 764 00:58:59,248 --> 00:59:01,290 ♪ ♪ 765 00:59:33,832 --> 00:59:35,957 ♪ ♪ 766 00:59:55,374 --> 00:59:57,499 (dosimeters clicking) 767 00:59:59,832 --> 01:00:01,957 (door shuts) 768 01:00:05,165 --> 01:00:06,374 (grunts) 769 01:00:53,082 --> 01:00:54,998 (dosimeter clicking) 770 01:01:19,374 --> 01:01:20,415 (grunts) 771 01:01:47,707 --> 01:01:49,540 (dosimeter's clicking grows louder) 772 01:02:03,540 --> 01:02:05,624 (dosimeter crackling loudly) 773 01:02:15,248 --> 01:02:16,624 (grunts) 774 01:02:20,123 --> 01:02:21,832 -(clicking grows louder) -(water gushing) 775 01:02:21,916 --> 01:02:22,957 (grunts urgently) 776 01:02:29,248 --> 01:02:30,749 (grunts) 777 01:02:39,624 --> 01:02:41,791 (dosimeter clicking rapidly) 778 01:02:43,499 --> 01:02:45,791 -(tapping) -(grunting) 779 01:02:50,707 --> 01:02:52,957 (dosimeters clicking loudly, rapidly) 780 01:02:54,666 --> 01:02:55,707 (grunts) 781 01:02:57,707 --> 01:02:59,791 (dosimeters clicking loudly, rapidly) 782 01:02:59,874 --> 01:03:02,123 (men panting) 783 01:03:02,207 --> 01:03:03,165 (tapping) 784 01:03:03,248 --> 01:03:05,082 -(panting) -(tapping) 785 01:03:05,165 --> 01:03:07,332 (loud, rapid clicking continuing) 786 01:03:07,998 --> 01:03:10,248 -(tapping) -(rapid, heavy breathing) 787 01:03:10,332 --> 01:03:11,666 (silence) 788 01:03:19,499 --> 01:03:21,540 ♪ ♪ 789 01:03:39,540 --> 01:03:41,582 ♪ ♪ 790 01:04:11,415 --> 01:04:13,540 ♪ ♪ 791 01:04:38,582 --> 01:04:40,624 ♪ ♪ 792 01:05:16,290 --> 01:05:17,832 ♪ ♪ 57997

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