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NARRATOR:
There are few truly wild places left...
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... and none so majestic as this.
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In winter, endless darkness is brightened...
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...by the frisky dance of the northern lights.
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And 30 below is the norm.
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It's lovely weather for polar bear families.
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One hundred and fifty thousand years ago...
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...some brown bears moved north
and gradually adapted.
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Over time, their fur turned white...
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... for camouflage.
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Their snouts got longer...
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... and their noses keener...
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... to detect even the slightest whiff of dinner.
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[BEAR MOANS]
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This is a cold, stark world...
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...but to polar bear mothers and cubs...
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...it's paradise.
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Because they're built for the Arctic...
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...polar bears cannot thrive anywhere else.
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They're at home here and only here.
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[BEARS GRUNTING]
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Polar bears have always hunted...
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...from floating platforms of sea ice.
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Feasting on rich seal meat...
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...has made these the largest bears
in the world.
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But now the Arctic is warming...
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... and the sea ice is melting away...
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...making it harder than ever to catch seals.
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This warming...
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...has left the polar bears on thin ice.
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The less ice there is
to reflect the sun's rays...
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...the faster the ocean warms.
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That's why the Arctic is warming
twice as fast as any other region.
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In 1980...
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... the summer sea ice
covered 25 percent more ocean...
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... than it does now.
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If the current trend continues...
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... the Arctic Ocean could be free of sea ice
each summer...
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...by the year 2050.
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Even if we can't stop this loss,
we can slow it down.
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Just as we release the greenhouse gases
that are warming the region...
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... we can help reduce them.
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Ocean currents flow from the Arctic...
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... and cool the entire planet.
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So we're all closely connected
to the top of the world.
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[ICE CRACKING]
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Most Arctic glaciers are melting
faster than ever before.
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Ironically, the faster these glaciers melt...
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... the more majestic their waterfalls.
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The distance between ice packs is growing.
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Nowadays, a polar bear in search of sea ice
often has further to go.
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It can be a swim to nowhere.
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When they can 't find seals to eat...
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...mothers make do with meager scraps.
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One mother and her cub set out
on the longest swim ever tracked.
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The mother swam continuously
for nine days...
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... covering 430 miles.
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But her cub did not survive.
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Some cubs do survive...
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... especially if the mother
is a clever scavenger.
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[BIRDS CHIRPING AND SQUAWKING]
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Like polar bears...
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...birds are struggling as the Arctic warms.
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Arctic birds time their lives to the seasons.
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So do the Inuit people...
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...Iike Simon Qamanirq.
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SIMON:
Polar bears surprise us in camp.
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Especially in the lean summer months.
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My father could read the clouds.
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He knew when the storm was coming.
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But now the ancient weather patterns
have changed.
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Our grandfathers fed their families well.
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My family has always depended
on snow and ice.
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Nowadays when the ice melts,
we can adjust...
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...but the polar bears are not so lucky.
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[DOGS BARKING]
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The ice is forming later in the year...
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...so it's thinner.
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Sometimes we fall through.
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My friend Adam Ravetch
has been coming up here for 20 years...
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...to photograph the animals.
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ADAM: I love it when a mom dances
with her 2-year-old cub...
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...cheek to cheek.
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Polar bears are great swimmers...
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...even though they only use...
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...their gigantic front paws.
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These dedicated mothers
put over two years...
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...into raising their young.
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Walrus moms spend even longer.
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[GROWLING AND SNORTING]
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Walrus love clams.
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They dive down from rafts of ice...
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...which drift along
and carry them to fresh supplies...
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...of their favorite treat.
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As sea ice melts...
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...walrus are stuck on land...
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...so mothers must swim farther
to find food for their young.
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[ROARS]
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[GROWLING]
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Mothers teach their young survival skills...
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...such as scaring off intruders.
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One mom sent me a very clear message:
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"Get lost."
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Summer in the Arctic
now lasts about a month longer.
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[SNORING]
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Walrus and hungry bears...
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...wait and wait for the sea to freeze over.
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The males get restless...
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...and start sparring.
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They're testing each other's skills.
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It's fun.
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[BOTH GROWLING]
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When it's not...
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...mating season, these fierce rivals
are content to live and let live.
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00:18:09,297 --> 00:18:10,252
The bears need...
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...to get back out to their hunting grounds
now that the sea ice is...
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...finally freezing over.
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This water is literally as cold as ice.
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The salt keeps it from freezing.
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00:18:46,042 --> 00:18:48,909
These sea anemones look healthy.
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00:18:49,086 --> 00:18:52,670
But the greenhouse gases
we release thousands of miles...
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...away have made the Arctic Ocean
more acidic.
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00:19:04,226 --> 00:19:07,468
Down here, there's only one exit...
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...and it's pretty scary
thinking you could be trapped.
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NARRATOR:
Diving beneath the ice takes courage.
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But for the people who devote their lives
to studying the Arctic...
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... taking risks is part of the job.
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00:19:37,176 --> 00:19:39,258
Each spring in Alaska...
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...Iarge herds of caribou set out
on a long journey.
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00:19:45,726 --> 00:19:50,265
No one has ever tracked
the entire migration on foot...
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... until now.
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Leanne Allison, a filmmaker...
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... and Karsten Heuer, a biologist...
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...plan to live with the herd for five months.
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00:20:06,789 --> 00:20:10,532
KARSTEN : We're gonna do this trip
to see what the caribou mothers go through...
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...and to see this migration
from their perspective.
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And it's gonna be our honeymoon as well.
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LEANNE:
Honeymoon?
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[KARSTEN & LEANNE LAUGH]
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NARRATOR:
These newlyweds will follow the caribou...
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...all the way to their birthing grounds.
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KARSTEN: These caribou mothers
are on a tight schedule.
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00:20:45,453 --> 00:20:48,616
Yeah, that's gotta be caribou paths.
Look at that drainage coming in.
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00:20:48,789 --> 00:20:49,949
Yeah, just over there....
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KARSTEN: With the warm spring,
the snowpacks melted early.
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00:20:53,961 --> 00:20:55,997
Aid so the rivers are flooding...
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00:20:57,381 --> 00:21:00,714
...and this is gonna be a problem
for the caribou to get across.
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00:21:01,177 --> 00:21:04,169
This is climate change
slowing down the herd.
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00:21:12,271 --> 00:21:15,058
This water is so cold it can stop your heart.
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00:21:17,610 --> 00:21:18,941
We've gotta get across fast.
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00:21:24,658 --> 00:21:26,990
The caribou moms
are traveling hundreds of miles...
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...to get to the coastal plain of Alaska...
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...which is the safest place to give birth.
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00:21:34,043 --> 00:21:36,580
This year the migration
is about three weeks late...
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...so some of the caribou mothers
have to give birth along the way.
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[CALF BLEATING]
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LEANNE:
Some of these calves are just a week...
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00:22:15,918 --> 00:22:19,752
...or two old, and they're easy pickings
for bears and wolves.
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00:22:19,922 --> 00:22:24,040
We're seeing a lot of calves get separated
from their mothers.
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A lot of them don't survive.
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KARSTEN:
The caribou finally reach their goal.
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This is the place where the calves
have their best chance to survive.
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But just a few days after they give birth,
the botflies hatch.
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These bugs are potentially deadly
to these caribou.
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They can burrow up their noses,
lay their eggs there...
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...and they can set off stampedes.
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It's why caribou head for the high country:
to get away.
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NARRATOR: Caribou mothers
are having a tough time as the Arctic warms.
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But polar bear mothers face
an even greater struggle.
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To learn more about polar bears...
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... a team of naturalists and filmmakers
gathered on Svalbard Island...
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...in Norway.
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They signed on with a seasoned captain
and headed north.
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BJORNE:
My name is Bjorne Kvernmo...
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...and I'm captain of this ship.
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NARRATOR: There are over
20,000 polar bears in the world...
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...and most of them are camera-shy.
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To photograph these reluctant film stars...
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...John Downer uses
clever robotic cameras...
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...camouflaged in white.
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[CAMERA WHIRRING]
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The bears were curious
about the remote cameras.
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BJORNE:
One bear was especially helpful.
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It's hard to keep up
when you're only 3 months old.
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They all wanted to know
what made the cameras tick.
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Next year we're coming back
with stronger cases.
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NARRATOR:
Bears nearly always avoid people...
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... which made filming them
next to impossible.
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Then the team got lucky.
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They found a mom with two cubs,
about 7 months old.
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For five days, she never left their boat.
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Because the sun never sets in the summer...
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...bedtime is anytime.
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BJORNE" Before long,
we saw what a tough job this mother faces...
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00:27:58,177 --> 00:28:02,170
...protecting her babies
from male polar bears.
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00:28:07,311 --> 00:28:10,348
Hungry males prefer seals...
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00:28:10,522 --> 00:28:15,482
...but in a pinch, they have always
gone after defenseless cubs.
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00:28:18,697 --> 00:28:24,033
Even a half-ton male can be sneaky
when he's on the prowl.
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[MOYHER SNIFFING]
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00:28:28,874 --> 00:28:32,082
The mother seemed to pick up
the scent of a male.
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But we couldn't see him.
202
00:28:34,713 --> 00:28:38,251
We didn't know why she was agitated.
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00:28:53,273 --> 00:28:56,515
We finally spotted a male quite a ways off...
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00:28:57,069 --> 00:29:00,903
...zeroing in on the mother and her cubs.
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00:29:07,996 --> 00:29:13,241
Now that seals are so hard to catch,
starving males...
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00:29:13,418 --> 00:29:17,252
...might be targeting cubs more often.
207
00:29:20,509 --> 00:29:24,843
Before he got close, the male lost the scent.
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[ROARS]
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But next time...
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...things could be much different.
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[PEOPLE CHATTERING]
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NARRATOR: The male cub followed
the mother everywhere, step-for-step.
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00:29:42,948 --> 00:29:46,406
But the female was more inquisitive.
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00:30:03,593 --> 00:30:05,584
When mothers go hungry...
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00:30:05,762 --> 00:30:09,630
... they're too lean to nurse
more than one cub...
216
00:30:10,017 --> 00:30:13,851
...but this mother had enough milk
to nurse two.
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00:30:20,319 --> 00:30:22,731
She was always on alert.
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00:30:23,071 --> 00:30:25,403
If she caught the scent of a male...
219
00:30:25,574 --> 00:30:28,782
...she'd hustle the cubs off to safety.
220
00:30:31,788 --> 00:30:36,407
This mother fended off four attacks
in five days.
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00:30:41,173 --> 00:30:44,131
The moms have one thing going for them:
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They're willing to die to protect their cubs.
223
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[CUBS GRUNTING]
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Playful cubs can really work up an appetite.
225
00:32:11,179 --> 00:32:16,424
Tasty seals may hide,
but hungry moms can sniff them out.
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00:32:23,650 --> 00:32:26,642
BJORNE:
When you want to grab a bite to eat up here...
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00:32:26,820 --> 00:32:29,436
...timing is everything.
228
00:32:30,282 --> 00:32:32,443
Peek-a-boo.
229
00:32:52,679 --> 00:32:56,171
The cubs finish everything on their plate...
230
00:32:57,559 --> 00:33:02,599
...but the scent of fresh seal meat
attracts attention.
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00:33:07,819 --> 00:33:09,400
Trouble always seems to...
232
00:33:09,613 --> 00:33:12,901
...come along when you least expect it.
233
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[MOTHER GROWLS]
234
00:33:49,027 --> 00:33:52,940
The mother leads her cubs away, downwind.
235
00:33:53,865 --> 00:33:57,824
But the male picks up
the family's scent again.
236
00:34:01,373 --> 00:34:05,616
We watch helplessly as the male sneaks up.
237
00:34:08,964 --> 00:34:12,923
The mother senses danger, but from where?
238
00:34:13,093 --> 00:34:15,379
[SNIFFING]
239
00:34:48,628 --> 00:34:51,961
The male outweighs the mother
two-to-one...
240
00:34:54,718 --> 00:34:58,336
...but all that weight
doesn't slow him down one bit.
241
00:35:12,652 --> 00:35:17,988
Once the huge male locks in on his target,
he never lets up.
242
00:35:37,761 --> 00:35:41,299
The male keeps gaining on the family.
243
00:35:44,934 --> 00:35:48,597
Then the mother turns to face him...
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00:35:48,772 --> 00:35:50,182
[ROARS]
245
00:35:50,357 --> 00:35:55,693
...slowing him down just long enough
for her frightened cubs to escape.
246
00:36:02,327 --> 00:36:07,663
At the moment of truth,
the mother sent a very clear message:
247
00:36:10,126 --> 00:36:13,914
"You can get to my cubs if you want...
248
00:36:14,089 --> 00:36:17,331
...but you'll have to kill me first."
249
00:36:43,618 --> 00:36:48,954
NARRATOR: This brave mother was
willing to do anything to protect her cubs.
250
00:36:51,334 --> 00:36:56,454
But she's powerless to save the habitat
they need to survive.
251
00:37:07,976 --> 00:37:11,764
There are few truly wild places left...
252
00:37:12,230 --> 00:37:15,643
... and none so majestic as this.
253
00:37:19,487 --> 00:37:24,652
But the Arctic is warming faster
than it has for thousands of years...
254
00:37:24,826 --> 00:37:28,614
... and losing its dazzling crown of ice.
255
00:37:34,627 --> 00:37:38,961
Arctic animals need ice to survive.
256
00:37:41,134 --> 00:37:44,968
They live in a delicate balance
with the natural world...
257
00:37:45,430 --> 00:37:48,137
...mothers most of all.
258
00:37:53,438 --> 00:37:57,306
How could they live in a world without ice?
259
00:38:20,423 --> 00:38:24,837
The mothers here nurture their young
so lovingly.
260
00:38:26,596 --> 00:38:28,928
Perhaps they can inspire us...
261
00:38:29,098 --> 00:38:32,886
... to protect their home with that same care.
262
00:38:34,854 --> 00:38:39,348
Perhaps we can help keep the Arctic white.
263
00:39:00,463 --> 00:39:05,082
The Arctic is one of the hardest places
on Earth to survive...
264
00:39:05,260 --> 00:39:09,720
...but to a polar bear, it's paradise.
265
00:39:09,889 --> 00:39:14,679
Cubs play and resilient mothers thrive.
266
00:39:14,894 --> 00:39:18,978
It's the only home they'll ever have.
267
00:40:17,123 --> 00:40:19,114
[English - US - SDH]
21170
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