Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated:
1
00:00:16,586 --> 00:00:17,586
♪ Lively jazz music ♪
2
00:00:31,458 --> 00:00:34,864
[Overlapping chatter]
3
00:00:34,984 --> 00:00:35,984
♪♪♪
4
00:00:43,749 --> 00:00:45,124
Please move backwards!
5
00:00:46,138 --> 00:00:48,130
Five steps backwards for me!
6
00:00:48,331 --> 00:00:49,727
[Woman] Five steps back!
7
00:00:50,375 --> 00:00:51,375
♪♪♪
8
00:00:55,547 --> 00:00:59,472
[Woman] All right, guys,
[indistinct] Gonna be that way!
9
00:00:59,792 --> 00:01:00,792
♪♪♪
10
00:01:05,556 --> 00:01:06,434
[Robert] Hello!
11
00:01:06,516 --> 00:01:07,089
-What's your name?
12
00:01:07,109 --> 00:01:07,600
-[Issa] Issa.
13
00:01:07,600 --> 00:01:08,206
-Issa!
14
00:01:08,226 --> 00:01:09,519
-[Issa] Very nice to meet you.
15
00:01:09,559 --> 00:01:10,846
Okay, one, two, three.
16
00:01:11,771 --> 00:01:12,771
Beautiful!
17
00:01:13,552 --> 00:01:14,857
[Issa] Thank you so much.
18
00:01:15,191 --> 00:01:16,206
[Robert] How are you?
19
00:01:17,130 --> 00:01:17,840
Take a couple!
20
00:01:17,860 --> 00:01:18,611
-Take a couple! -[Woman] I got a couple.
21
00:01:18,793 --> 00:01:19,904
Okay, cool.
22
00:01:22,650 --> 00:01:23,650
♪♪♪
23
00:01:24,033 --> 00:01:24,741
-[Robert] Good luck to you.
24
00:01:24,761 --> 00:01:25,761
-Thank you.
25
00:01:26,309 --> 00:01:27,309
♪♪♪
26
00:01:30,957 --> 00:01:32,685
This is really important
for my parents, you know.
27
00:01:32,709 --> 00:01:34,376
[Robert, chuckling] Okay!
28
00:01:34,377 --> 00:01:35,561
Thank you so much for all you do,
29
00:01:35,585 --> 00:01:36,745
and all the education you do.
30
00:01:36,974 --> 00:01:39,414
You're just making the world...
you're making america and the
31
00:01:39,463 --> 00:01:40,550
world better, so thank you.
32
00:01:40,632 --> 00:01:41,531
[Robert] Oh, that's really nice of you.
33
00:01:41,551 --> 00:01:42,099
-Yeah, yeah.
34
00:01:42,119 --> 00:01:43,119
-Thank you.
35
00:01:43,214 --> 00:01:44,214
♪♪♪
36
00:01:50,268 --> 00:01:52,208
Would you mind signing this for me?
37
00:01:52,228 --> 00:01:53,228
♪♪♪
38
00:01:58,901 --> 00:01:59,403
-Thank you!
39
00:01:59,423 --> 00:01:59,946
-[Chuckles]
40
00:01:59,986 --> 00:02:00,708
-It's an honor meeting you.
41
00:02:00,728 --> 00:02:01,728
-[Robert] Thank you.
42
00:02:03,323 --> 00:02:03,984
-Hope you enjoy the shoe.
43
00:02:04,004 --> 00:02:05,004
-[Man] Yeah, I will!
44
00:02:05,908 --> 00:02:06,908
♪♪♪
45
00:02:14,584 --> 00:02:16,615
[Man on mic] Testing, check, check.
46
00:02:17,522 --> 00:02:18,658
Left channel, left channel.
47
00:02:18,963 --> 00:02:20,940
Right channel, right
channel, right channel.
48
00:02:21,545 --> 00:02:23,438
Left channel, left channel, left channel.
49
00:02:23,780 --> 00:02:25,241
Right channel, right channel...
50
00:02:25,261 --> 00:02:27,381
[Robert VO] I've been a
professor... a teacher... for
51
00:02:27,825 --> 00:02:28,825
42 years!
52
00:02:30,223 --> 00:02:32,400
[Woman] You made it!
53
00:02:32,421 --> 00:02:32,602
[Laughs]
54
00:02:32,603 --> 00:02:34,295
[Robert VO] I've done
a lot of other things,
55
00:02:34,319 --> 00:02:35,871
but I've always come back to teaching.
56
00:02:37,750 --> 00:02:38,751
[Woman] Did you get the email...
57
00:02:38,775 --> 00:02:39,058
Yes.
58
00:02:39,442 --> 00:02:40,584
[Woman] With the syllabus and the readings?
59
00:02:40,608 --> 00:02:41,404
Yes, thank you.
60
00:02:41,567 --> 00:02:43,509
[Robert VO] That's been my home.
61
00:02:43,613 --> 00:02:45,873
And I can't imagine not...
62
00:02:47,022 --> 00:02:48,574
Doing it, to be quite honest.
63
00:02:49,118 --> 00:02:50,285
[Ezra] Bob, it's great to see you.
64
00:02:50,286 --> 00:02:51,451
-[Bob] Ezra, great to see you.
65
00:02:51,471 --> 00:02:52,471
-[Ezra] I'm, uh...
66
00:02:53,309 --> 00:02:55,509
Just kinda getting over the
adrenaline rush that is the
67
00:02:55,540 --> 00:02:57,533
start of the [chuckles] semester.
68
00:02:58,237 --> 00:02:59,797
[Robert VO] But aging is a funny thing,
69
00:03:00,672 --> 00:03:03,526
and I just began to ask
myself over and over again,
70
00:03:04,008 --> 00:03:05,008
"can I do...
71
00:03:05,677 --> 00:03:09,402
What I love to do... and what
I feel like I am called to do...
72
00:03:10,223 --> 00:03:11,686
as well as I should be doing it?"
73
00:03:12,809 --> 00:03:16,810
And so, tomorrow, I'm going
to be beginning my last semester
74
00:03:17,313 --> 00:03:18,313
as a professor.
75
00:03:19,065 --> 00:03:20,531
-[Robert] So, Nicki... -[Nicki] Yes.
76
00:03:20,692 --> 00:03:22,023
[Robert] Tomorrow, I will...
77
00:03:23,695 --> 00:03:25,770
Probably not come in from over there.
78
00:03:26,767 --> 00:03:27,033
Okay.
79
00:03:27,156 --> 00:03:29,316
[Robert VO] But there's
inevitably a big question Mark
80
00:03:29,387 --> 00:03:30,387
in my mind.
81
00:03:31,035 --> 00:03:33,529
I still feel that excitement, that buzz,
82
00:03:33,871 --> 00:03:34,871
that energy.
83
00:03:35,373 --> 00:03:38,045
So, how can I possibly think
about retiring from teaching?
84
00:03:40,002 --> 00:03:41,002
So, I will...
85
00:03:41,898 --> 00:03:43,565
Do introductions, announcements...
86
00:03:44,549 --> 00:03:46,058
Who I am, what this course is about,
87
00:03:46,299 --> 00:03:48,539
who you are, about you...
88
00:03:48,761 --> 00:03:50,005
-This is the first clicker.
89
00:03:50,025 --> 00:03:52,171
-[Nicki] Okay, I'm on it.
90
00:03:52,512 --> 00:03:55,990
[Robert VO] Beyond that,
I deeply despise the word
91
00:03:56,352 --> 00:03:57,648
"retirement."
92
00:03:57,770 --> 00:04:01,259
So many people over the last
couple of years have come up to
93
00:04:01,399 --> 00:04:02,919
me and said, "are you still teaching?"
94
00:04:03,192 --> 00:04:04,192
Or "are you retired?"
95
00:04:06,607 --> 00:04:07,891
And I...
96
00:04:08,072 --> 00:04:09,752
Resist the urge to punch them in the nose.
97
00:04:11,030 --> 00:04:12,878
Okay, can I, um, advance the slides?
98
00:04:14,850 --> 00:04:15,172
-[Nicki] Yes.
99
00:04:15,192 --> 00:04:15,413
-[Clicking]
100
00:04:15,414 --> 00:04:17,122
[Robert VO] I mean...
101
00:04:17,123 --> 00:04:18,590
Patience wears thin...
102
00:04:20,057 --> 00:04:22,852
[Chuckling] When you... when
you don't have all that many
103
00:04:23,254 --> 00:04:24,454
infinite number of years left.
104
00:04:26,108 --> 00:04:27,268
So, how are we doing on time?
105
00:04:27,633 --> 00:04:28,160
-[Nicki] 6:33.
106
00:04:28,180 --> 00:04:28,990
-[Sasha] Uh, 6:30.
107
00:04:29,051 --> 00:04:30,051
[Robert] Okay.
108
00:04:30,636 --> 00:04:33,468
We should probably start
talking about the course.
109
00:04:33,951 --> 00:04:34,951
[Laughter]
110
00:04:35,391 --> 00:04:38,389
I'm sure there are complications
that I don't even need to know
111
00:04:38,831 --> 00:04:40,251
or wanna know.
112
00:04:40,271 --> 00:04:41,359
-[Sasha] It's a great group.
113
00:04:41,379 --> 00:04:41,822
-Yeah.
114
00:04:42,064 --> 00:04:43,410
[Sasha] It's a really great group.
115
00:04:43,434 --> 00:04:43,799
Great.
116
00:04:43,920 --> 00:04:45,794
Well, I'm really... I'm
looking forward to meeting them
117
00:04:45,818 --> 00:04:46,716
tomorrow.
118
00:04:46,796 --> 00:04:50,511
Now, do we have any feel for how
many are going to try to do this
119
00:04:51,073 --> 00:04:51,972
remotely?
120
00:04:52,094 --> 00:04:56,379
We've been trying to encourage
everybody to come in person.
121
00:04:56,701 --> 00:04:57,288
[Robert] Good.
122
00:04:57,288 --> 00:04:58,288
Because it's just...
123
00:04:59,248 --> 00:05:03,865
The essence of the live course...
just like the essence of the
124
00:05:04,106 --> 00:05:06,236
sections... is in the interaction,
125
00:05:06,859 --> 00:05:07,859
in the liveness.
126
00:05:08,986 --> 00:05:11,146
So, to the extent that we
can have them in the course,
127
00:05:11,677 --> 00:05:12,866
so much the better.
128
00:05:14,282 --> 00:05:14,465
Yeah.
129
00:05:14,931 --> 00:05:15,931
[Robert] One other thing:
130
00:05:17,934 --> 00:05:21,685
You had written me... I
think in the fall... about
131
00:05:22,688 --> 00:05:26,342
-recruiting people to be gsis... -Okay.
132
00:05:26,844 --> 00:05:28,390
[Robert] I mean, now, I don't know...
133
00:05:28,611 --> 00:05:31,186
I was asked how many people
know this is my last semester.
134
00:05:31,447 --> 00:05:32,447
I have no idea.
135
00:05:32,635 --> 00:05:34,035
Is this, a...
136
00:05:34,116 --> 00:05:35,142
-Widely-understood...?
137
00:05:35,162 --> 00:05:35,785
-Yes.
138
00:05:35,785 --> 00:05:35,987
-Yeah.
139
00:05:36,007 --> 00:05:36,452
-[Robert] Okay.
140
00:05:36,452 --> 00:05:37,452
It's widely understood.
141
00:05:37,827 --> 00:05:39,507
We recruited people with that information,
142
00:05:40,825 --> 00:05:42,319
and then, today, I also...
143
00:05:43,187 --> 00:05:47,543
Sent that out, um, as a part
of the "welcome back to school,
144
00:05:47,964 --> 00:05:50,364
welcome to wealth and poverty"
reminder to all the students.
145
00:05:50,508 --> 00:05:51,614
To all the students?
146
00:05:51,634 --> 00:05:52,634
Oh, so they all know?
147
00:05:52,843 --> 00:05:53,843
[Laughs]
148
00:05:54,220 --> 00:05:54,324
Okay.
149
00:05:54,719 --> 00:05:56,605
I can read you the exact language I used.
150
00:05:56,846 --> 00:05:57,494
[Robert] No, it's fine!
151
00:05:57,615 --> 00:05:58,655
You don't have to do that.
152
00:05:58,808 --> 00:05:58,969
-Okay.
153
00:05:58,989 --> 00:06:00,559
-[Robert] I just... I've not...
154
00:06:00,560 --> 00:06:01,988
Advertised it at all.
155
00:06:02,812 --> 00:06:03,812
But...
156
00:06:04,063 --> 00:06:05,183
You know, it's not a secret.
157
00:06:05,648 --> 00:06:06,648
So it's perfectly fine.
158
00:06:06,836 --> 00:06:09,360
I said, "it's professor reich's
final semester of teaching."
159
00:06:12,154 --> 00:06:13,154
Oh, great!
160
00:06:14,198 --> 00:06:15,198
Great!
161
00:06:16,772 --> 00:06:17,772
[Chuckles]
162
00:06:17,861 --> 00:06:18,184
Okay.
163
00:06:18,584 --> 00:06:20,867
♪ Lively jazz music ♪
164
00:06:41,954 --> 00:06:43,281
[Heather] Thank you, sir.
165
00:06:43,853 --> 00:06:44,997
Edwin, how are you this morning?
166
00:06:45,021 --> 00:06:45,526
[Edwin] I'm good.
167
00:06:45,547 --> 00:06:46,335
How are you doing today?
168
00:06:46,355 --> 00:06:46,897
Great, thank you.
169
00:06:46,939 --> 00:06:48,514
[Edwin] A little honey on the
side, exactly how you like it,
170
00:06:48,538 --> 00:06:48,899
-okay?
171
00:06:48,920 --> 00:06:49,422
-Okay.
172
00:06:49,442 --> 00:06:50,048
-[Edwin] Enjoy.
173
00:06:50,068 --> 00:06:51,359
-[Heather] Okay, um...
174
00:06:51,360 --> 00:06:51,785
-A couple items.
175
00:06:51,805 --> 00:06:53,160
-[Robert] Okay.
176
00:06:53,402 --> 00:06:54,927
[Heather] Did you sleep last night?
177
00:06:54,947 --> 00:06:55,947
Do I look that bad?
178
00:06:56,032 --> 00:06:57,217
[Heather, laughing] No, you don't look bad!
179
00:06:57,241 --> 00:06:58,601
But I'm just curious if you slept.
180
00:06:59,170 --> 00:07:00,170
[Robert] No, no.
181
00:07:01,203 --> 00:07:03,083
Oh, that reminds me; I
have a new prescription.
182
00:07:04,434 --> 00:07:05,434
Anti-inflammatory.
183
00:07:05,708 --> 00:07:07,716
The only potential side effect...
184
00:07:07,877 --> 00:07:08,361
-Is heart attack.
185
00:07:08,381 --> 00:07:09,381
-[Heather] Stop it!
186
00:07:11,065 --> 00:07:12,093
[Chuckles]
187
00:07:12,214 --> 00:07:13,029
[Heather, laughing] This is terrible!
188
00:07:13,049 --> 00:07:14,275
-But that's... -[Heather] I don't want this
189
00:07:14,299 --> 00:07:14,788
responsibility.
190
00:07:15,134 --> 00:07:16,294
It's not your responsibility!
191
00:07:16,469 --> 00:07:18,053
Heather, you take responsibility
for all kinds of things.
192
00:07:18,054 --> 00:07:20,358
Yeah, but now I know that you
might take this pill walking
193
00:07:20,382 --> 00:07:22,824
into your 800-person... which
is gonna be a thousand people...
194
00:07:22,848 --> 00:07:24,369
[Robert] Well, why is
it your responsibility?
195
00:07:24,393 --> 00:07:26,725
'Cause I will feel guilty when
you croak 'cause I could have
196
00:07:26,749 --> 00:07:27,829
stopped you from taking it!
197
00:07:28,105 --> 00:07:29,585
No, you can't stop me from taking it.
198
00:07:32,443 --> 00:07:33,991
This officially begins my old age.
199
00:07:36,572 --> 00:07:37,572
[Heather] Oh my gosh...
200
00:07:40,030 --> 00:07:41,910
[Robert] So now, in terms
of the other business...
201
00:07:41,911 --> 00:07:43,311
If you could take a look at that...
202
00:07:44,914 --> 00:07:46,609
Tape of Arthur laffer and me?
203
00:07:47,558 --> 00:07:48,558
Because...
204
00:07:49,293 --> 00:07:51,373
That's another thing that
would be great to develop.
205
00:07:51,877 --> 00:07:56,156
The public sees no examples
of people who disagree...
206
00:07:56,759 --> 00:07:57,464
-[Heather] Right.
207
00:07:57,484 --> 00:07:57,887
-On everything.
208
00:07:57,947 --> 00:07:58,455
[Heather] Right.
209
00:07:58,678 --> 00:08:01,583
But who actually like each
other or get along with each other,
210
00:08:02,264 --> 00:08:03,464
and are civil with each other.
211
00:08:04,809 --> 00:08:08,413
You know, I do have friends
who I enjoy being with who...
212
00:08:10,272 --> 00:08:12,200
Are on the other side
of this great divide...
213
00:08:12,441 --> 00:08:13,681
who are Republicans, who are...
214
00:08:14,318 --> 00:08:16,255
I mean, look at Alan Simpson.
215
00:08:16,779 --> 00:08:17,631
-[Heather] Yeah.
216
00:08:17,651 --> 00:08:18,651
-I love the guy.
217
00:08:19,064 --> 00:08:19,285
I think...
218
00:08:19,385 --> 00:08:21,105
We could do a series, and we wrap around...
219
00:08:22,326 --> 00:08:23,326
You know, maybe three.
220
00:08:24,495 --> 00:08:25,975
It's an important piece of education.
221
00:08:27,206 --> 00:08:28,452
It's so typical for you...
222
00:08:29,959 --> 00:08:31,705
To be on the precipice of retiring,
223
00:08:32,628 --> 00:08:34,148
and we've started two new initiatives,
224
00:08:34,463 --> 00:08:35,049
-and it's not even 8:22.
225
00:08:35,070 --> 00:08:36,070
-[Robert] That's right.
226
00:08:37,400 --> 00:08:37,928
[Laughs]
227
00:08:38,009 --> 00:08:39,243
[Heather] This is great.
228
00:08:39,264 --> 00:08:39,385
Check!
229
00:08:39,426 --> 00:08:39,958
And you're doing them.
230
00:08:39,978 --> 00:08:40,469
And you're doing them!
231
00:08:40,530 --> 00:08:42,307
[Heather] I need to get outta here.
232
00:08:42,428 --> 00:08:47,353
[Clock tower bell tolling]
233
00:08:49,080 --> 00:08:51,803
♪ Energetic jazz drumming ♪
234
00:09:04,534 --> 00:09:06,235
[Cacophonous chatter]
235
00:09:15,240 --> 00:09:16,281
♪♪♪
236
00:09:19,737 --> 00:09:21,138
[Chatter continues]
237
00:09:34,276 --> 00:09:35,276
♪♪♪
238
00:09:38,381 --> 00:09:38,715
[Robert] Hello!
239
00:09:38,857 --> 00:09:40,695
[Sasha] Hello, good to see you!
240
00:09:40,696 --> 00:09:42,158
Your announcements...
241
00:09:42,239 --> 00:09:44,199
"If you have any questions
related to the course,
242
00:09:44,384 --> 00:09:45,384
please email Sasha..."
243
00:09:45,534 --> 00:09:46,534
This is so articulate...
244
00:09:47,286 --> 00:09:48,286
You're gonna give it.
245
00:09:49,371 --> 00:09:50,053
-[Sasha] Okay!
246
00:09:50,073 --> 00:09:51,073
[Laughs] -[Robert] Okay?
247
00:09:51,481 --> 00:09:52,168
[Sasha] Sure!
248
00:09:52,289 --> 00:09:53,580
[Man on mic] Students, as you come in,
249
00:09:53,604 --> 00:09:55,901
please file to the center of each row.
250
00:09:56,021 --> 00:09:57,735
Do not congregate in the aisles.
251
00:09:57,775 --> 00:09:59,008
Step all the way in.
252
00:09:59,068 --> 00:10:00,502
[Indistinct] On either side.
253
00:10:01,592 --> 00:10:03,272
♪ What you want ♪
254
00:10:04,159 --> 00:10:05,888
♪ baby, I got it ♪
255
00:10:06,232 --> 00:10:07,344
♪ what you need ♪
256
00:10:07,890 --> 00:10:09,036
♪ you know I got it ♪
257
00:10:11,011 --> 00:10:12,061
♪ all I'm askin' ♪
258
00:10:12,141 --> 00:10:14,794
♪ is for a little respect
when you come home ♪
259
00:10:15,055 --> 00:10:16,218
♪ hey, baby ♪
260
00:10:17,286 --> 00:10:18,286
♪ when you get home ♪
261
00:10:19,416 --> 00:10:20,416
♪ mister ♪
262
00:10:22,609 --> 00:10:24,617
♪ I ain't gonna do you wrong ♪
263
00:10:25,164 --> 00:10:26,164
♪ while you're gone ♪
264
00:10:26,826 --> 00:10:28,731
♪ I ain't gonna do you wrong... ♪
265
00:10:28,991 --> 00:10:29,991
This gets me in the mood!
266
00:10:31,423 --> 00:10:32,493
♪ All I'm askin'... ♪
267
00:10:33,686 --> 00:10:34,983
[Sasha on mic] Please login now.
268
00:10:35,084 --> 00:10:36,510
[Indistinct] Live poll.
269
00:10:38,617 --> 00:10:41,800
[Indistinct] Email me or
your other head gsi Sasha.
270
00:10:44,541 --> 00:10:45,541
Thank you.
271
00:10:46,235 --> 00:10:47,235
♪♪♪
272
00:11:04,113 --> 00:11:05,113
[Music shuts off]
273
00:11:05,948 --> 00:11:06,988
[Robert] Okay, well, um...
274
00:11:09,285 --> 00:11:10,285
Hello.
275
00:11:11,083 --> 00:11:11,831
[Crowd] Hi!
276
00:11:11,871 --> 00:11:12,871
[Cheering]
277
00:11:13,289 --> 00:11:14,809
Well, I don't need that kind of hello,
278
00:11:14,874 --> 00:11:16,034
but thank you for that hello!
279
00:11:17,293 --> 00:11:20,265
It's so great to see all
of you, and see your faces.
280
00:11:20,546 --> 00:11:22,881
My name is Robert reich,
this is wealth and poverty.
281
00:11:24,069 --> 00:11:25,333
And...
282
00:11:25,634 --> 00:11:28,003
We'll talk a lot about wealth,
and we'll talk a lot about
283
00:11:28,324 --> 00:11:28,610
poverty.
284
00:11:29,180 --> 00:11:31,568
But, first of all, in terms
of introductions, who am I?
285
00:11:31,969 --> 00:11:34,638
Well, I was an economic
advisor to Barack Obama.
286
00:11:35,019 --> 00:11:37,912
Before that, I was secretary
of labor in the Clinton
287
00:11:38,314 --> 00:11:38,802
administration.
288
00:11:39,148 --> 00:11:44,073
Before that, assistant to the
solicitor general in the Ford
289
00:11:44,820 --> 00:11:45,820
administration.
290
00:11:47,218 --> 00:11:48,578
Am I getting into ancient history?
291
00:11:49,758 --> 00:11:52,067
And before that, I was special assistant...
292
00:11:53,412 --> 00:11:54,959
To Abraham Lincoln, as many of you...
293
00:11:55,039 --> 00:11:56,570
-[Laughter] -You know that.
294
00:11:57,869 --> 00:11:59,295
No, that's...
295
00:11:59,395 --> 00:12:01,046
That's a bad...
296
00:12:01,126 --> 00:12:02,126
A bad joke.
297
00:12:02,775 --> 00:12:06,032
[Robert VO] Every class,
every semester is different.
298
00:12:07,259 --> 00:12:10,981
I'm reminded of that old saying
that you can never step into the
299
00:12:11,222 --> 00:12:12,309
same stream twice.
300
00:12:13,766 --> 00:12:16,237
Well, it's something like
that with regard to the course.
301
00:12:17,141 --> 00:12:19,430
I've been teaching here at
Berkeley for maybe 17 or 18
302
00:12:20,876 --> 00:12:21,079
years.
303
00:12:21,564 --> 00:12:23,274
I never expected it was gonna be that long.
304
00:12:23,275 --> 00:12:25,330
[Robert VO] U Cal Berkeley
is a public university.
305
00:12:26,257 --> 00:12:28,331
I came here in part
because of exactly that.
306
00:12:29,740 --> 00:12:33,784
And before that, I was teaching
at a university called Brandeis.
307
00:12:34,827 --> 00:12:39,171
Before that, at a
university called Harvard.
308
00:12:41,105 --> 00:12:43,438
[Robert VO] There is something
different about a public
309
00:12:43,921 --> 00:12:44,921
university.
310
00:12:45,714 --> 00:12:48,668
A third of my students
are from community colleges.
311
00:12:49,593 --> 00:12:53,488
A disproportionate number are
first-generation students in
312
00:12:53,889 --> 00:12:54,889
college.
313
00:12:55,391 --> 00:12:56,551
What difference does it make?
314
00:12:56,600 --> 00:12:57,720
Well, it makes a difference.
315
00:12:58,727 --> 00:13:00,038
[Robert] So, this is the first question.
316
00:13:00,062 --> 00:13:01,462
This is the first clicker exercise,
317
00:13:01,814 --> 00:13:04,158
starting with something
very easy about you.
318
00:13:06,042 --> 00:13:08,635
"When I was growing up,
I would say my family was:
319
00:13:09,238 --> 00:13:11,311
(A) Wealthy, b) Upper middle class,
320
00:13:11,573 --> 00:13:13,777
(c) Middle class, d) Working class,
321
00:13:14,158 --> 00:13:16,290
(e) Low income or poor."
322
00:13:18,080 --> 00:13:19,080
Go.
323
00:13:20,456 --> 00:13:22,795
[Robert VO] They're highly motivated.
324
00:13:22,835 --> 00:13:24,680
They are not entitled.
325
00:13:26,422 --> 00:13:27,748
How can I say that in a nice way?
326
00:13:28,591 --> 00:13:29,631
They don't feel anybody...
327
00:13:31,260 --> 00:13:32,260
Owes them...
328
00:13:33,262 --> 00:13:34,262
A college education.
329
00:13:35,139 --> 00:13:37,545
[Robert] And let's end
the bidding there and see...
330
00:13:38,267 --> 00:13:40,867
Well, there's a big bunch of you
that say "upper middle class" or
331
00:13:41,145 --> 00:13:43,432
"professional," a small
number say "wealthy."
332
00:13:44,315 --> 00:13:46,035
But then, the rest of you are spread out...
333
00:13:47,109 --> 00:13:49,262
"middle class," "working class"...
334
00:13:51,153 --> 00:13:52,153
"Low income or poor."
335
00:13:52,448 --> 00:13:54,457
I wanna just stress the subjectivity here.
336
00:13:55,200 --> 00:13:58,815
I discovered, when I was in my
20s... not until I was in my 20s
337
00:13:58,996 --> 00:14:00,436
that we actually were quite poor.
338
00:14:01,540 --> 00:14:03,740
But I didn't know it because
everybody around me was...
339
00:14:05,113 --> 00:14:05,275
Poor.
340
00:14:05,377 --> 00:14:09,639
That is, you don't know much
about where you are situated
341
00:14:09,840 --> 00:14:13,470
economically if everybody
around you is pretty much the same.
342
00:14:14,011 --> 00:14:17,259
It's only when you get a sense
of relativity that you learn
343
00:14:17,640 --> 00:14:19,426
more about your situation.
344
00:14:20,309 --> 00:14:22,429
[Robert VO] And so, I have
two goals for my students.
345
00:14:23,479 --> 00:14:25,508
That first goal is I want them to think!
346
00:14:26,231 --> 00:14:29,327
I want them to get into the
habit of thinking hard about the
347
00:14:29,568 --> 00:14:32,259
issues that we are talking about together.
348
00:14:33,364 --> 00:14:35,204
I want them to question
their own assumptions.
349
00:14:35,427 --> 00:14:39,255
I want them to become much
more critical in terms of their
350
00:14:39,536 --> 00:14:40,536
thinking.
351
00:14:40,662 --> 00:14:42,555
And so, we start with the question:
352
00:14:42,998 --> 00:14:46,134
"What happened to the us
economy beginning after the
353
00:14:46,335 --> 00:14:47,335
second world war?"
354
00:14:47,606 --> 00:14:49,535
And this is adjusted for inflation.
355
00:14:50,339 --> 00:14:51,339
Wow!
356
00:14:51,548 --> 00:14:52,992
This is an extraordinary record!
357
00:14:55,677 --> 00:14:59,313
So, where did most of
the economy's gains go?
358
00:15:01,433 --> 00:15:03,240
The wealth held by the
richest 400 Americans,
359
00:15:04,686 --> 00:15:07,440
as a percentage of the total us economy.
360
00:15:08,023 --> 00:15:09,023
Let's take a look.
361
00:15:09,586 --> 00:15:10,586
Starting in 1980...
362
00:15:12,361 --> 00:15:13,361
This is just 400.
363
00:15:18,409 --> 00:15:19,409
Do you get the picture?
364
00:15:26,228 --> 00:15:27,714
This is not blaming them.
365
00:15:30,129 --> 00:15:34,291
Let me hasten to say, this
is not about them being bad or
366
00:15:34,633 --> 00:15:37,458
wrong, or doing something
that is nefarious.
367
00:15:39,304 --> 00:15:41,274
This is simply about what has happened.
368
00:15:43,912 --> 00:15:45,072
[Robert VO] My second goal...
369
00:15:46,478 --> 00:15:49,967
Is I want some of them,
and expect some of them,
370
00:15:50,669 --> 00:15:52,361
and hope some of them will actually...
371
00:15:54,403 --> 00:15:56,190
Help the world, help improve...
372
00:15:57,656 --> 00:15:58,656
What we see.
373
00:16:00,262 --> 00:16:01,742
Reverse some of the troubling trends.
374
00:16:03,506 --> 00:16:05,256
Now, I want to suggest to you...
375
00:16:07,666 --> 00:16:09,433
That the subject of this class...
376
00:16:13,464 --> 00:16:18,349
Is directly and powerfully
related to the subject of
377
00:16:18,927 --> 00:16:19,927
democracy,
378
00:16:21,638 --> 00:16:22,638
and the quality...
379
00:16:24,159 --> 00:16:26,386
And capacity of our country...
380
00:16:28,437 --> 00:16:29,437
To survive.
381
00:16:30,147 --> 00:16:31,955
Whether you are worried
about climate change,
382
00:16:32,357 --> 00:16:33,957
or you're worried about anything else...
383
00:16:36,653 --> 00:16:39,749
I want to suggest to you that
much of what we are going to be
384
00:16:39,990 --> 00:16:42,299
talking about over the next 14 weeks
385
00:16:43,785 --> 00:16:45,430
is happening now.
386
00:16:46,975 --> 00:16:49,085
This is not an exercise in theory,
387
00:16:49,748 --> 00:16:54,713
this is an exercise in
understanding reality,
388
00:16:55,130 --> 00:16:58,485
understanding a system... a
political economic system...
389
00:16:58,967 --> 00:16:59,967
moving through time.
390
00:17:05,994 --> 00:17:07,100
It's gonna be a wild ride.
391
00:17:07,643 --> 00:17:08,643
Thank you for joining me.
392
00:17:09,658 --> 00:17:10,658
[Applause]
393
00:17:23,242 --> 00:17:24,992
[Nicki] How'd it go, Bob?
394
00:17:24,993 --> 00:17:29,457
Judging from, um, what I saw,
a lot of people are bewildered.
395
00:17:30,249 --> 00:17:30,670
-[Nicki] Okay.
396
00:17:30,690 --> 00:17:31,690
-A lot of the students.
397
00:17:32,476 --> 00:17:34,802
I've gotta run; We're gonna
have... the gsis and I are
398
00:17:35,003 --> 00:17:36,003
getting together.
399
00:17:36,046 --> 00:17:36,512
-Thank you.
400
00:17:36,533 --> 00:17:37,506
-[Sasha] Yeah, thank you.
401
00:17:37,507 --> 00:17:38,539
[Robert] Great Job.
402
00:17:41,799 --> 00:17:44,221
[Robert VO] There was a lot of confusion.
403
00:17:44,596 --> 00:17:45,596
I think...
404
00:17:46,682 --> 00:17:49,790
If I were gonna do it again,
I'd cut out a lot of the graphs,
405
00:17:50,352 --> 00:17:52,842
because they... they're not...
406
00:17:53,312 --> 00:17:56,094
They're less, um...
407
00:17:56,275 --> 00:17:58,841
They're less fascinated by
the graphics stuff than I am.
408
00:18:00,924 --> 00:18:04,778
[Robert VO] What they're used
to is kind of absorbing data for
409
00:18:05,200 --> 00:18:07,130
regurgitation on exams.
410
00:18:08,537 --> 00:18:13,062
They're not used to absorbing
data in terms of the...
411
00:18:14,438 --> 00:18:16,437
Emotional reality of data.
412
00:18:16,962 --> 00:18:18,642
This is something that's really important.
413
00:18:18,797 --> 00:18:21,372
I mean, you can't reach their
intellect if you don't reach
414
00:18:22,237 --> 00:18:23,345
their emotions.
415
00:18:23,385 --> 00:18:25,029
You can't reach their emotions
unless you've reached...
416
00:18:25,053 --> 00:18:26,213
You've gotta operate on both.
417
00:18:27,256 --> 00:18:28,489
[Clapping] [Woman] Well done, gsis!
418
00:18:28,513 --> 00:18:30,099
[Sasha] That was awesome!
419
00:18:30,100 --> 00:18:30,643
-[Woman] So good!
420
00:18:30,663 --> 00:18:31,709
-[Sasha] That was great.
421
00:18:32,133 --> 00:18:33,133
Good!
422
00:18:33,268 --> 00:18:34,816
[Sasha] The energy was really great.
423
00:18:35,879 --> 00:18:36,879
[Woman] Yes.
424
00:18:37,957 --> 00:18:38,957
Gspp?
425
00:18:39,350 --> 00:18:39,877
[Sasha] Gspp.
426
00:18:39,897 --> 00:18:40,897
All the gsis are outside.
427
00:18:41,435 --> 00:18:42,435
[Woman] Perfect.
428
00:18:42,787 --> 00:18:47,472
♪ Tender light jazz ♪
429
00:19:15,687 --> 00:19:18,533
[Robert] I can't tell you the
number of times I'm on a plane
430
00:19:19,274 --> 00:19:21,947
or in a city, and
somebody comes up and says,
431
00:19:23,695 --> 00:19:24,695
"professor reich!"
432
00:19:25,113 --> 00:19:28,056
You know, "John blah
blah blah from class of...
433
00:19:28,197 --> 00:19:29,197
'84!"
434
00:19:29,618 --> 00:19:31,193
And I have no recollection.
435
00:19:33,015 --> 00:19:34,015
But just do the math.
436
00:19:34,873 --> 00:19:37,923
If I'm teaching an average of
800 to 1,000 students a year,
437
00:19:39,628 --> 00:19:42,196
there are a number of students
out there... quite a number.
438
00:19:43,480 --> 00:19:44,480
♪♪♪
439
00:19:47,970 --> 00:19:49,610
The students used to call this my museum,
440
00:19:50,514 --> 00:19:53,690
because I put up on the
walls stuff that I, um...
441
00:19:54,976 --> 00:19:56,138
Have done over the years.
442
00:19:58,647 --> 00:20:02,102
Up there is a photo of
Bill Clinton's cabinet...
443
00:20:02,484 --> 00:20:03,484
his first cabinet.
444
00:20:05,404 --> 00:20:06,686
My first supreme court argument.
445
00:20:09,177 --> 00:20:12,095
Over there is a puppet of newt gingrich.
446
00:20:15,724 --> 00:20:19,368
That's when we got the first
minimum wage increase in years,
447
00:20:20,669 --> 00:20:22,480
through a republican-controlled congress.
448
00:20:23,567 --> 00:20:25,341
I was very proud of that.
449
00:20:28,844 --> 00:20:31,404
[Elliot] When did you think you
knew you wanted to be a teacher?
450
00:20:33,452 --> 00:20:35,601
[Robert] I knew it from the first day,
451
00:20:36,184 --> 00:20:38,079
when I came into the classroom at Harvard.
452
00:20:39,187 --> 00:20:40,861
It was like...
453
00:20:41,022 --> 00:20:43,296
Eating a wonderful meal for the first time.
454
00:20:44,443 --> 00:20:47,194
I just thought, "oh, this is so...
455
00:20:47,696 --> 00:20:50,038
[Chuckles] Wonderful, and lovely,
456
00:20:50,280 --> 00:20:52,562
and easy, and refreshing, and delicious!"
457
00:20:52,784 --> 00:20:55,700
And I just... I fell in
love with it immediately.
458
00:20:57,187 --> 00:20:58,187
♪♪♪
459
00:21:00,041 --> 00:21:03,386
If you asked me, emotionally,
is this 40 years ago?
460
00:21:04,608 --> 00:21:06,890
[Chuckling] No, it's five years ago!
461
00:21:07,152 --> 00:21:11,794
I mean, I understand that that
is not the person who you are
462
00:21:12,095 --> 00:21:15,243
now seeing, but that's
actually my self-image
463
00:21:16,306 --> 00:21:17,306
part of the time now.
464
00:21:18,907 --> 00:21:19,907
[Laughs]
465
00:21:19,978 --> 00:21:22,803
The big surprise is not
what you see in the photo,
466
00:21:23,064 --> 00:21:24,944
the big surprise is what
you see in the mirror!
467
00:21:26,962 --> 00:21:30,434
Here is when I ran for the
nomination for governor in
468
00:21:31,156 --> 00:21:32,156
Massachusetts.
469
00:21:32,706 --> 00:21:34,906
The Boston herald... very
conservative... they couldn't
470
00:21:35,243 --> 00:21:36,563
find anything else to talk about,
471
00:21:36,912 --> 00:21:40,303
so they manufactured a story
about short people being angry
472
00:21:40,624 --> 00:21:43,520
because I was making fun
of my height sometimes.
473
00:21:44,936 --> 00:21:48,165
I'm gonna have to find places
for all this in my garage.
474
00:21:49,007 --> 00:21:51,247
Maybe I'll just have a big
"going out of business" sale.
475
00:21:52,427 --> 00:21:55,151
And this is my cabinet chair.
476
00:21:56,493 --> 00:21:57,693
It's incredibly uncomfortable.
477
00:21:58,099 --> 00:21:59,166
I mean, I never liked it.
478
00:22:00,455 --> 00:22:02,580
But what are you gonna do
when you have a cabinet chair?
479
00:22:02,604 --> 00:22:03,684
Are you gonna throw it out?
480
00:22:04,450 --> 00:22:04,981
[Chuckles]
481
00:22:05,062 --> 00:22:06,822
You're not gonna put
it in your living room!
482
00:22:06,942 --> 00:22:08,302
So, this is the best place for it.
483
00:22:08,860 --> 00:22:11,846
I don't know what happens to
it when I leave this office.
484
00:22:13,509 --> 00:22:14,509
♪♪♪
485
00:22:38,702 --> 00:22:39,862
This is Berkeley, California.
486
00:22:41,059 --> 00:22:42,706
I first came out here in the late 1960s.
487
00:22:44,374 --> 00:22:46,922
It was a tumultuous decade; I remember,
488
00:22:48,146 --> 00:22:50,589
you know, when I first came
out here... 1968... well...
489
00:22:53,405 --> 00:22:54,565
Many of us thought america...
490
00:22:56,199 --> 00:22:57,751
Would never recover from...
491
00:22:59,202 --> 00:23:02,926
The assassinations of Martin
Luther King and Bobby Kennedy,
492
00:23:04,693 --> 00:23:08,429
the cities burning as a result of riots...
493
00:23:08,670 --> 00:23:11,327
And the whole country was coming apart;
494
00:23:11,649 --> 00:23:13,529
it felt like we were
coming apart at the seams.
495
00:23:15,010 --> 00:23:18,180
And then who becomes
president but Richard Nixon!
496
00:23:18,863 --> 00:23:21,300
Of all people, Richard
Nixon becomes president!
497
00:23:21,683 --> 00:23:23,376
I mean, I went to Oxford...
498
00:23:25,664 --> 00:23:27,419
That...
499
00:23:27,439 --> 00:23:31,787
Fall, thinking I wasn't sure
what the future of this country
500
00:23:32,249 --> 00:23:33,378
was going to be.
501
00:23:34,863 --> 00:23:36,063
I wasn't sure it had a future.
502
00:23:39,548 --> 00:23:41,668
[Robert] Now, we have not
yet talked about something.
503
00:23:43,038 --> 00:23:46,631
There is a kind of social
contract in the course.
504
00:23:48,376 --> 00:23:51,601
And by "social contract," I
mean what we owe each other...
505
00:23:54,215 --> 00:23:58,179
As members of the same
community in this classroom,
506
00:24:00,095 --> 00:24:04,960
or community as in Berkeley,
university of California,
507
00:24:05,226 --> 00:24:06,794
or community as in Berkeley town,
508
00:24:07,437 --> 00:24:11,771
or community as in east bay,
or community as in people who
509
00:24:12,233 --> 00:24:14,004
inhabit the United States,
510
00:24:15,070 --> 00:24:16,070
or as human beings.
511
00:24:21,242 --> 00:24:22,282
What do we owe each other?
512
00:24:24,245 --> 00:24:28,028
I bring this up to you because,
as we get deeper into the
513
00:24:28,249 --> 00:24:33,114
course, we can't avoid
these moral questions.
514
00:24:35,590 --> 00:24:39,034
What is the meaning of a good, decent
515
00:24:40,095 --> 00:24:41,095
society?
516
00:24:41,763 --> 00:24:43,159
Since I came to...
517
00:24:43,807 --> 00:24:47,282
[Robert VO] I try to be mindful
of the world these students are
518
00:24:47,644 --> 00:24:48,644
entering.
519
00:24:49,104 --> 00:24:50,744
I was talking with some of them recently,
520
00:24:50,939 --> 00:24:53,426
and I asked, "you're
no longer generation z.
521
00:24:54,609 --> 00:24:55,649
What do you call yourself?
522
00:24:55,777 --> 00:24:57,486
What's the generation after generation z?
523
00:24:58,049 --> 00:24:58,843
What are you?"
524
00:24:58,903 --> 00:25:00,343
And they... several of them... said,
525
00:25:01,009 --> 00:25:02,392
"we're the last generation."
526
00:25:05,954 --> 00:25:06,988
The last generation?
527
00:25:06,989 --> 00:25:07,010
!
528
00:25:07,497 --> 00:25:08,022
What does that mean?
529
00:25:08,002 --> 00:25:09,002
!
530
00:25:10,625 --> 00:25:12,218
Are you so cynical?
531
00:25:12,460 --> 00:25:13,460
Are you so...
532
00:25:14,462 --> 00:25:16,071
Kind of laden with this sense of doom
533
00:25:17,298 --> 00:25:18,986
that you think everything will end?
534
00:25:18,987 --> 00:25:19,987
!
535
00:25:22,303 --> 00:25:24,226
[Robert] This is another clicker question.
536
00:25:26,014 --> 00:25:28,174
"Overall, when I'm being
very honest with myself, i'm:
537
00:25:28,309 --> 00:25:31,196
(A) Pessimistic about the
future of america and the world,
538
00:25:31,436 --> 00:25:34,141
although I'm optimistic
about my own future,
539
00:25:34,482 --> 00:25:38,200
(or b) I'm optimistic about the
future of america and the world,
540
00:25:38,381 --> 00:25:40,510
although I'm pessimistic
about my own future,
541
00:25:41,132 --> 00:25:42,896
(or c) I'm pessimistic about both."
542
00:25:44,909 --> 00:25:45,909
Go.
543
00:25:47,162 --> 00:25:51,135
[Robert VO] But there is this
huge question hanging over these
544
00:25:51,416 --> 00:25:52,416
young people today...
545
00:25:53,501 --> 00:25:57,975
About whether the world will
survive in anything close to the
546
00:25:58,256 --> 00:26:00,028
state it now exists.
547
00:26:03,464 --> 00:26:05,532
Okay, let's end the bidding.
548
00:26:10,934 --> 00:26:14,199
Well, most of you say that you
are pessimistic about the future
549
00:26:14,439 --> 00:26:16,559
of america and the world,
although you are optimistic
550
00:26:16,733 --> 00:26:18,137
about your own future.
551
00:26:21,716 --> 00:26:24,247
And the next largest group of
you are pessimistic about both.
552
00:26:27,744 --> 00:26:28,934
Pessimism is fine.
553
00:26:32,082 --> 00:26:33,082
Cynicism is not.
554
00:26:35,627 --> 00:26:36,627
There is a difference.
555
00:26:38,670 --> 00:26:42,119
[Robert VO] Now, I think one
way to help make sense of the world
556
00:26:42,801 --> 00:26:47,171
has to do with inequality...
widening inequality...
557
00:26:47,472 --> 00:26:49,784
of income, and wealth, and political power,
558
00:26:50,266 --> 00:26:51,266
and racism.
559
00:26:51,643 --> 00:26:52,926
Because it's inequality...
560
00:26:54,562 --> 00:26:57,987
That, in many ways, is
undermining democracy,
561
00:26:58,608 --> 00:27:01,995
which, in many ways, makes
it difficult to do anything.
562
00:27:03,798 --> 00:27:08,423
[Robert] Today, we're going to
be looking at kind of a pretty
563
00:27:08,743 --> 00:27:09,743
basic question:
564
00:27:09,971 --> 00:27:14,355
"Should you care about
widening inequality of income...
565
00:27:15,667 --> 00:27:16,667
And wealth?"
566
00:27:17,502 --> 00:27:19,970
And the reason I even bring this up...
567
00:27:20,130 --> 00:27:22,450
Is because there are a lot
of voices out there that say we
568
00:27:22,757 --> 00:27:23,757
should not.
569
00:27:24,946 --> 00:27:27,614
And I wanna talk to you
about their arguments.
570
00:27:30,014 --> 00:27:32,172
One of the best ways of
learning... I have found,
571
00:27:32,454 --> 00:27:35,551
in my life... is to discuss
something with somebody who
572
00:27:35,812 --> 00:27:36,812
disagrees with you.
573
00:27:37,981 --> 00:27:41,639
Now, we have a little bit of a
problem here at Berkeley in that
574
00:27:42,483 --> 00:27:44,013
the consensus is very strong.
575
00:27:45,321 --> 00:27:48,082
It's hard to find a lot of
people who disagree with the
576
00:27:48,283 --> 00:27:49,283
dominant view.
577
00:27:50,160 --> 00:27:52,366
But that means that if you do have a,
578
00:27:52,787 --> 00:27:54,267
quote, "minority or dissenting view,"
579
00:27:55,290 --> 00:27:57,467
not only should you be respected,
580
00:27:57,809 --> 00:28:01,475
but also, obviously, that
discussion is the essence of
581
00:28:01,796 --> 00:28:02,796
learning, for everybody.
582
00:28:04,966 --> 00:28:06,030
And so, should we care?
583
00:28:07,135 --> 00:28:10,604
One of the "no" reasons why we
should not care about widening
584
00:28:10,805 --> 00:28:14,369
inequality is that the
rewards of great wealth...
585
00:28:16,644 --> 00:28:18,073
Fuel entrepreneurship,
586
00:28:19,522 --> 00:28:21,266
from which we all benefit.
587
00:28:22,901 --> 00:28:25,412
Without inequality... or
at least some inequality...
588
00:28:25,673 --> 00:28:27,953
of income and wealth, there
would not be enough incentive
589
00:28:28,718 --> 00:28:30,310
for people to invent.
590
00:28:32,577 --> 00:28:33,577
And create businesses.
591
00:28:35,163 --> 00:28:36,163
And create jobs.
592
00:28:38,708 --> 00:28:40,164
Secondly...
593
00:28:40,710 --> 00:28:42,848
[Robert VO] Hopefully, I'm
giving these students the
594
00:28:43,171 --> 00:28:45,746
ability to ask the kind of
questions that they need to be
595
00:28:46,007 --> 00:28:49,200
asking of themselves and of
the world that they're entering.
596
00:28:50,573 --> 00:28:54,759
But that process is more
challenging today than it was
597
00:28:55,119 --> 00:28:56,119
40 years ago.
598
00:28:57,078 --> 00:29:00,788
I'm looking at your faces, and I
would say 20 percent of you have
599
00:29:01,189 --> 00:29:02,189
no idea what I just said.
600
00:29:03,608 --> 00:29:06,174
But we'll come back to
that; Don't worry about it.
601
00:29:06,194 --> 00:29:08,811
[Robert VO] And so, I've had
classes that I don't really ever
602
00:29:09,113 --> 00:29:11,059
feel come fully together.
603
00:29:13,540 --> 00:29:13,723
But...
604
00:29:13,743 --> 00:29:14,743
I can't force it.
605
00:29:15,954 --> 00:29:17,295
♪ Light jazz music ♪
606
00:30:26,941 --> 00:30:29,117
[Woman] A lot of my students, they've...
607
00:30:29,319 --> 00:30:33,078
Noticed that pattern of you
not wanting to share your own
608
00:30:34,224 --> 00:30:35,224
opinion.
609
00:30:35,345 --> 00:30:36,366
So I just thought it was interesting that,
610
00:30:36,367 --> 00:30:37,636
even though they know where you stand,
611
00:30:37,660 --> 00:30:40,013
they kind of just want you
to say it to their faces,
612
00:30:40,496 --> 00:30:42,186
-and... -[Laughter]
613
00:30:42,206 --> 00:30:43,206
I... yeah.
614
00:30:43,541 --> 00:30:45,644
A lot of my students have
said similar things in their
615
00:30:45,668 --> 00:30:47,938
mid-semester feedback of "can
you give us the answers after
616
00:30:47,962 --> 00:30:48,962
the polls?"
617
00:30:49,253 --> 00:30:51,148
And he purposefully doesn't do that.
618
00:30:51,712 --> 00:30:53,817
Like, the way the slides are
structured is that there's a
619
00:30:53,841 --> 00:30:55,466
graph after the poll
or something like that,
620
00:30:55,490 --> 00:30:57,197
and so you get the students
critically thinking about the
621
00:30:57,221 --> 00:30:58,711
material, and what the question is,
622
00:30:58,973 --> 00:31:01,327
and what the answer might be,
given this information that Bob
623
00:31:01,351 --> 00:31:02,351
is presenting.
624
00:31:02,951 --> 00:31:05,589
And so, what I've tried to
tell my students is "try to think
625
00:31:05,730 --> 00:31:07,944
about why he's not giving you the answers."
626
00:31:08,790 --> 00:31:10,070
[Chuckles] Does that make sense?
627
00:31:10,358 --> 00:31:11,527
[Woman] That's very helpful.
628
00:31:11,829 --> 00:31:13,909
And, again, it's not as
if there's the right answer.
629
00:31:14,425 --> 00:31:15,425
There's informed...
630
00:31:16,511 --> 00:31:17,789
Thoughtful...
631
00:31:17,992 --> 00:31:20,225
Opinions, based upon data...
632
00:31:21,371 --> 00:31:22,371
And analysis.
633
00:31:22,663 --> 00:31:23,663
That's all there is.
634
00:31:23,831 --> 00:31:26,401
I don't want them to
carry around my opinions;
635
00:31:26,521 --> 00:31:27,667
that's.. [Chuckles]
636
00:31:27,668 --> 00:31:28,723
Who cares what my opinion is?
637
00:31:28,703 --> 00:31:28,723
!
638
00:31:29,170 --> 00:31:30,356
It's not that there are no facts;
639
00:31:30,380 --> 00:31:31,380
there are facts.
640
00:31:31,839 --> 00:31:35,061
But they want more than facts, they want...
641
00:31:35,343 --> 00:31:35,972
"What should we think?"
642
00:31:35,993 --> 00:31:36,886
[Chuckles]
643
00:31:36,887 --> 00:31:38,454
And that's different than the facts.
644
00:31:40,118 --> 00:31:41,829
[Woman] Yeah, I got that
from some of my students,
645
00:31:41,849 --> 00:31:43,329
'cause they're so used to this, like,
646
00:31:43,518 --> 00:31:45,391
"we all sit in the front
and look at the teacher,
647
00:31:45,415 --> 00:31:47,039
and then the teacher
tells us what to think,
648
00:31:47,063 --> 00:31:48,929
and then deposits some information,"
649
00:31:49,190 --> 00:31:51,576
and we're doing a lot more
interaction than I think they're
650
00:31:51,776 --> 00:31:52,776
used to.
651
00:31:52,902 --> 00:31:55,122
Sometimes I even have
them just sit in a circle,
652
00:31:55,405 --> 00:31:56,405
because...
653
00:31:56,447 --> 00:31:58,622
Whenever they're responding in discussion,
654
00:31:58,923 --> 00:32:00,828
they're looking at me, and I'm like,
655
00:32:00,868 --> 00:32:02,054
"I want you to look at each other,
656
00:32:02,078 --> 00:32:03,078
and talk to each other.
657
00:32:03,118 --> 00:32:05,518
You're not saying this to me,
and I'm also not responding to
658
00:32:06,040 --> 00:32:07,514
what you're saying, your classmates are."
659
00:32:07,538 --> 00:32:09,742
So that has helped to disrupt this...
660
00:32:11,045 --> 00:32:15,080
Teacher-student deposit
information vibe that happens.
661
00:32:15,883 --> 00:32:18,094
[Robert] It's an important point.
662
00:32:18,114 --> 00:32:20,425
We have to all keep telling ourselves,
663
00:32:21,993 --> 00:32:23,362
"they will learn much more...
664
00:32:24,892 --> 00:32:27,042
Through engaging their curiosity,
665
00:32:27,645 --> 00:32:29,329
not giving them our opinions."
666
00:32:30,513 --> 00:32:32,427
And we've talked about this before,
667
00:32:32,608 --> 00:32:36,992
but it's really important to
protect the dissident voices.
668
00:32:39,780 --> 00:32:40,780
And...
669
00:32:40,825 --> 00:32:44,549
Not just protect them, but encourage them,
670
00:32:45,830 --> 00:32:48,074
and continue to keep them all off balance,
671
00:32:48,916 --> 00:32:49,956
which is what we're doing.
672
00:32:51,185 --> 00:32:53,688
♪ Lively jazz music ♪
673
00:33:29,384 --> 00:33:31,149
So, I wanna play a game.
674
00:33:32,793 --> 00:33:33,793
Every one of you,
675
00:33:34,670 --> 00:33:37,398
just look to the person to
your right or to your left.
676
00:33:38,883 --> 00:33:41,333
The person on my left is person a,
677
00:33:42,136 --> 00:33:44,583
and the person on my right is person b.
678
00:33:46,682 --> 00:33:49,526
Person a is going to get, figuratively,
679
00:33:50,728 --> 00:33:51,998
1,000 dollars from me.
680
00:33:53,147 --> 00:33:54,147
Figuratively.
681
00:33:56,150 --> 00:33:58,054
I offer 1,000 dollars to a,
682
00:33:59,098 --> 00:34:01,267
and a offers a portion to b...
683
00:34:03,491 --> 00:34:05,317
And writes it down in complete silence.
684
00:34:09,313 --> 00:34:13,032
And my 1,000-dollars offer
goes through only if b accepts.
685
00:34:15,545 --> 00:34:16,865
In other words, it's conditional.
686
00:34:17,922 --> 00:34:18,967
B must accept the deal,
687
00:34:20,675 --> 00:34:22,078
or neither of you gets a penny.
688
00:34:22,800 --> 00:34:23,800
[Laughter]
689
00:34:25,594 --> 00:34:26,786
Does it make sense to you?
690
00:34:26,847 --> 00:34:27,787
You understand?
691
00:34:27,848 --> 00:34:28,848
Not complicated.
692
00:34:30,912 --> 00:34:32,352
When you're done, put up your hands.
693
00:34:33,075 --> 00:34:34,075
[Chatter]
694
00:34:34,466 --> 00:34:35,690
[Robert] Shh!
695
00:34:43,030 --> 00:34:44,030
Okay, person a,
696
00:34:45,366 --> 00:34:50,011
I wanna know how much you offered person b.
697
00:34:51,038 --> 00:34:53,108
So, again, this is only
to be answered by as.
698
00:34:56,377 --> 00:34:57,377
Go.
699
00:35:02,049 --> 00:35:04,213
Okay, let's end the bidding there,
700
00:35:04,594 --> 00:35:06,159
and let's take a look and see...
701
00:35:07,575 --> 00:35:10,583
Majority... vast majority of
you were between 10 and 500,
702
00:35:11,726 --> 00:35:13,436
a few of you offered more than 500,
703
00:35:14,743 --> 00:35:18,618
and we've got 15 of you who
offered between one and nine
704
00:35:18,899 --> 00:35:20,985
-dollars... -[Laughter]
705
00:35:21,185 --> 00:35:24,368
And we've got 11 of you who offered zero.
706
00:35:26,782 --> 00:35:29,974
Now, I would like to talk
to somebody who offered
707
00:35:31,078 --> 00:35:32,564
between one dollar and nine dollars.
708
00:35:35,289 --> 00:35:36,289
Okay.
709
00:35:37,251 --> 00:35:38,099
-What's your name?
710
00:35:38,120 --> 00:35:39,169
-Henry.
711
00:35:39,170 --> 00:35:39,532
-Henry.
712
00:35:39,552 --> 00:35:40,552
-[Robert] Henry.
713
00:35:41,172 --> 00:35:42,452
Henry, how much did you offer b?
714
00:35:44,133 --> 00:35:44,958
-A dollar.
715
00:35:44,978 --> 00:35:45,843
-[Robert] A dollar.
716
00:35:45,944 --> 00:35:46,944
[Laughter]
717
00:35:50,014 --> 00:35:51,039
-Did you accept the dollar?
718
00:35:51,060 --> 00:35:52,226
-[Sam] I did not.
719
00:35:52,266 --> 00:35:54,295
-[Robert] You did not.
720
00:35:54,315 --> 00:35:55,315
-[Laughter]
721
00:35:56,103 --> 00:35:59,514
[Robert] Henry, do you realize
you've just forfeited a lot of
722
00:36:00,099 --> 00:36:01,099
money?
723
00:36:01,817 --> 00:36:03,851
Did you expect that...
724
00:36:04,274 --> 00:36:05,274
Your name?
725
00:36:05,321 --> 00:36:05,964
-[Sam] Sam.
726
00:36:05,985 --> 00:36:06,427
-Graham.
727
00:36:06,447 --> 00:36:09,240
Did you expect that Graham would agree?
728
00:36:11,071 --> 00:36:11,661
Hoped.
729
00:36:11,702 --> 00:36:13,371
[Robert] You hoped he would.
730
00:36:14,381 --> 00:36:14,644
[Laughter]
731
00:36:14,664 --> 00:36:18,515
The reason I'm asking is we
are engaged in a little bit of an
732
00:36:18,876 --> 00:36:19,941
experiment about fairness.
733
00:36:21,629 --> 00:36:24,356
We all carry around, in our heads,
734
00:36:25,860 --> 00:36:27,891
some notion of what is...
735
00:36:29,178 --> 00:36:30,178
Quote-unquote "fair."
736
00:36:33,027 --> 00:36:37,792
And as we diagnose what
has happened to the economy,
737
00:36:39,123 --> 00:36:41,864
what has happened to inequality,
why we're concerned about
738
00:36:42,066 --> 00:36:43,066
inequality, if we are...
739
00:36:44,985 --> 00:36:48,028
Our notions of fairness or lack of fairness
740
00:36:49,490 --> 00:36:52,498
become profoundly important.
741
00:36:54,995 --> 00:36:57,009
All right, let me ask a different question.
742
00:36:57,331 --> 00:36:59,051
Those of you who were on the receiving end.
743
00:36:59,667 --> 00:37:00,667
Is there anybody who...
744
00:37:01,085 --> 00:37:02,525
[Robert VO] In the classroom itself,
745
00:37:02,626 --> 00:37:06,017
there's a joy, and a
confusion... simultaneously.
746
00:37:07,341 --> 00:37:09,372
And, in a way, there's some chaos.
747
00:37:11,521 --> 00:37:14,345
But, in a metaphorical
way, that chaos is fine.
748
00:37:15,286 --> 00:37:16,286
The world is chaotic.
749
00:37:17,099 --> 00:37:20,031
The material has a chaotic quality to it.
750
00:37:21,397 --> 00:37:25,195
And so, the students, they've
got to make sense out of it.
751
00:37:27,214 --> 00:37:29,882
But we are now already
halfway through this semester,
752
00:37:30,865 --> 00:37:35,289
and so I've decided not to try
to go through as much material
753
00:37:36,056 --> 00:37:37,665
each week,
754
00:37:37,705 --> 00:37:40,379
either in my lecture or in the sections.
755
00:37:42,350 --> 00:37:45,391
I'm trying to be a
little bit less ambitious,
756
00:37:45,713 --> 00:37:47,313
because I want the students to have a...
757
00:37:48,549 --> 00:37:51,147
A better shot at understanding
everything that is being
758
00:37:51,551 --> 00:37:52,450
presented.
759
00:37:52,470 --> 00:37:53,701
[Robert] Workers' rights.
760
00:37:53,721 --> 00:37:55,975
I was secretary of labor,
I got very close to this.
761
00:37:56,780 --> 00:37:58,540
[Robert VO] But these
are not simple issues.
762
00:37:59,538 --> 00:38:01,057
You know, globalization, globalization,
763
00:38:01,081 --> 00:38:02,241
globalization, globalization.
764
00:38:02,563 --> 00:38:05,308
I mean, rarely has a
word gone so directly...
765
00:38:06,670 --> 00:38:09,663
From obscurity to meaninglessness...
766
00:38:11,572 --> 00:38:13,827
Without any intervening
period of coherence.
767
00:38:15,409 --> 00:38:16,769
You know, there are certain words,
768
00:38:17,411 --> 00:38:21,408
I have found, that are
guaranteed to make people either
769
00:38:21,789 --> 00:38:22,789
anxious or bored.
770
00:38:24,605 --> 00:38:26,031
The earned-income tax credit.
771
00:38:26,754 --> 00:38:29,467
Generational wealth transfer.
772
00:38:30,110 --> 00:38:31,447
The affordable care act.
773
00:38:31,467 --> 00:38:33,107
Nafta, the north American free trade act.
774
00:38:33,260 --> 00:38:35,967
The national labor relations act of 19...
775
00:38:37,932 --> 00:38:38,932
35.
776
00:38:41,648 --> 00:38:43,590
♪ Lively funky music ♪
777
00:38:44,438 --> 00:38:45,473
Stakeholder capitalism.
778
00:38:46,082 --> 00:38:47,257
Shareholder capitalism.
779
00:38:47,378 --> 00:38:48,562
Surveillance capitalism.
780
00:38:48,984 --> 00:38:50,544
The securities and exchange commission!
781
00:38:50,818 --> 00:38:51,987
The supreme court.
782
00:38:52,027 --> 00:38:53,547
Texas department of community affairs.
783
00:38:53,614 --> 00:38:54,920
Us gross domestic product.
784
00:38:55,302 --> 00:38:56,618
Economies of scale.
785
00:38:58,837 --> 00:38:58,897
♪♪♪
786
00:38:59,139 --> 00:39:00,139
Economic downturn.
787
00:39:00,307 --> 00:39:01,307
Corporate spending.
788
00:39:01,789 --> 00:39:04,514
Symbolic analytic work,
which we'll get to in a moment.
789
00:39:04,875 --> 00:39:06,282
I'll describe it in more detail.
790
00:39:07,167 --> 00:39:09,683
[Robert VO] When I'm
teaching, I watch their faces;
791
00:39:10,005 --> 00:39:11,433
I am constantly scanning.
792
00:39:12,967 --> 00:39:17,012
And my challenge, as a
teacher, is to make it alive,
793
00:39:17,533 --> 00:39:19,173
to make it relevant, to make it exciting,
794
00:39:19,848 --> 00:39:20,724
to...
795
00:39:20,784 --> 00:39:23,409
Avoid, you know, sort of the dead-eye,
796
00:39:24,311 --> 00:39:25,311
eyes glazed over.
797
00:39:25,646 --> 00:39:28,594
I'm mixing it up a little
bit, in terms of students...
798
00:39:29,618 --> 00:39:31,229
Asking them directly some questions.
799
00:39:32,054 --> 00:39:33,181
Who voted against this?
800
00:39:35,823 --> 00:39:36,823
Why?
801
00:39:37,486 --> 00:39:39,286
[Woman] I want my piece of the pie.
802
00:39:39,326 --> 00:39:40,808
[Robert] Wait a minute, you
want your piece of the pie,
803
00:39:40,828 --> 00:39:43,908
so you're willing to sacrifice
the middle and everybody at the
804
00:39:45,195 --> 00:39:45,356
top?
805
00:39:45,336 --> 00:39:45,356
!
806
00:39:45,416 --> 00:39:46,976
All right, I'll give you a better deal.
807
00:39:47,167 --> 00:39:48,670
[Woman] Eat the rich!
808
00:39:48,851 --> 00:39:49,853
[Laughter]
809
00:39:52,961 --> 00:39:55,050
Sometimes, I am the devil's advocate.
810
00:39:55,613 --> 00:39:58,271
Sometimes, I play act, essentially.
811
00:39:59,096 --> 00:40:00,819
When I put on these glasses...
812
00:40:03,662 --> 00:40:04,662
I'm not me.
813
00:40:05,895 --> 00:40:06,895
I'm...
814
00:40:07,354 --> 00:40:08,634
The person known as hacksaw Bob.
815
00:40:10,056 --> 00:40:10,445
[Laughter]
816
00:40:10,608 --> 00:40:12,888
[Robert VO] Obviously, students
need the quantitative and
817
00:40:12,982 --> 00:40:17,559
qualitative data, but they
also need to be able to see the
818
00:40:17,921 --> 00:40:19,308
larger picture.
819
00:40:19,408 --> 00:40:22,693
You're concerned about
the harshness of this plan.
820
00:40:23,454 --> 00:40:27,441
[Woman] Because there's some
unfair labor practices involved?
821
00:40:27,541 --> 00:40:30,418
[Mockingly] "Unfair labor practices."
822
00:40:31,565 --> 00:40:32,565
Oh, Dee-da Dee-da.
823
00:40:33,002 --> 00:40:34,002
We're going to...
824
00:40:34,088 --> 00:40:36,288
[Robert VO] This year,
everything is maybe a little bit
825
00:40:36,566 --> 00:40:37,566
more profound.
826
00:40:38,594 --> 00:40:40,639
I mean, it sounds odd
and it sounds ridiculous,
827
00:40:41,281 --> 00:40:43,291
but I really feel like I'm holding them...
828
00:40:45,079 --> 00:40:46,319
intellectually and emotionally.
829
00:40:46,977 --> 00:40:49,920
I have my arms around
them, and I don't know why.
830
00:40:52,399 --> 00:40:55,262
It may be subconsciously
because I feel like...
831
00:40:56,904 --> 00:40:57,904
I already miss them.
832
00:41:09,742 --> 00:41:10,969
[Soft clanking]
833
00:41:23,207 --> 00:41:24,733
[Sets cup on table]
834
00:41:34,128 --> 00:41:36,109
[Marker on paper]
835
00:41:36,110 --> 00:41:37,110
Drawing helps me think.
836
00:41:38,654 --> 00:41:41,062
It's another way of...
837
00:41:41,323 --> 00:41:42,473
Processing information.
838
00:41:44,618 --> 00:41:48,355
As a kid, because I was
always very short for my age,
839
00:41:48,998 --> 00:41:50,403
I was bullied in school.
840
00:41:52,960 --> 00:41:56,516
And so, coming home, I would
just sit there at my little
841
00:41:56,998 --> 00:41:58,342
desk...
842
00:41:58,632 --> 00:41:59,632
And draw.
843
00:42:01,468 --> 00:42:04,923
As I've grown up, I've realized
that this is kind of therapeutic
844
00:42:05,366 --> 00:42:06,366
for me.
845
00:42:13,313 --> 00:42:14,473
If there are enough people...
846
00:42:15,522 --> 00:42:16,522
Who feel bullied.
847
00:42:18,485 --> 00:42:19,699
They...
848
00:42:19,820 --> 00:42:20,820
Begin to have power.
849
00:42:22,531 --> 00:42:24,050
[Elliot] Is that what you're drawing here?
850
00:42:24,074 --> 00:42:25,514
[Robert] Yeah, almost unconsciously,
851
00:42:25,699 --> 00:42:27,914
[laughing] That's what I'm drawing.
852
00:42:28,015 --> 00:42:32,700
And so, I don't really think
analytically about what i'm
853
00:42:33,041 --> 00:42:34,501
drawing.
854
00:42:35,544 --> 00:42:37,347
It comes from a very different...
855
00:42:39,089 --> 00:42:40,089
Place in my mind,
856
00:42:41,425 --> 00:42:43,917
but it bubbles up from
what I'm worrying about,
857
00:42:44,219 --> 00:42:45,751
or thinking about, or angry about,
858
00:42:46,033 --> 00:42:47,033
or outraged about.
859
00:42:51,159 --> 00:42:54,334
♪ Pensive jazz music ♪
860
00:42:54,414 --> 00:42:56,398
I think there's so much distrust in
861
00:42:58,061 --> 00:43:01,328
the air we breathe and
the culture we inhabit.
862
00:43:03,006 --> 00:43:06,022
50 years, 100 years from now,
looking back on this era we are
863
00:43:06,283 --> 00:43:09,294
in, it may be the historians say,
864
00:43:10,198 --> 00:43:13,095
"power and money... the lust for both...
865
00:43:13,457 --> 00:43:14,868
pulled society apart.
866
00:43:15,876 --> 00:43:18,158
There was just too
much... too much temptation,
867
00:43:18,420 --> 00:43:19,990
too much power, too much money."
868
00:43:22,736 --> 00:43:26,241
Maybe, sometimes I think
that that's the problem.
869
00:43:27,382 --> 00:43:28,382
♪♪♪
870
00:43:33,227 --> 00:43:36,993
But the larger question I ponder a lot is:
871
00:43:37,314 --> 00:43:39,132
"Who are the teachers today?
872
00:43:39,233 --> 00:43:40,568
Who are the teachers of society?
873
00:43:41,276 --> 00:43:41,758
Of america?
874
00:43:41,858 --> 00:43:42,858
Of the world?
875
00:43:44,113 --> 00:43:45,320
Who is conveying the lessons?
876
00:43:45,823 --> 00:43:48,170
Who is making sense...
or trying to make sense...
877
00:43:48,992 --> 00:43:50,032
of the common experiences?
878
00:43:51,286 --> 00:43:54,634
Are there people around who
are interpreting what we have
879
00:43:54,915 --> 00:43:55,915
learned?"
880
00:43:56,917 --> 00:43:57,917
I'm not sure there are.
881
00:43:59,288 --> 00:44:00,421
And that worries me.
882
00:44:03,924 --> 00:44:06,793
I really do feel that,
with any challenge we face,
883
00:44:07,636 --> 00:44:09,787
if people understand it... [chuckles]
884
00:44:09,847 --> 00:44:12,177
We have a very good
chance of dealing with it,
885
00:44:12,639 --> 00:44:14,329
coping with it, rising to the occasion.
886
00:44:15,455 --> 00:44:18,530
But if there's a cacophony
of contradictory voices...
887
00:44:19,434 --> 00:44:20,818
some of whom are...
888
00:44:22,542 --> 00:44:25,187
Intentionally doing
the opposite of teaching,
889
00:44:26,530 --> 00:44:27,530
giving...
890
00:44:28,238 --> 00:44:31,312
Lies, misinformation, misleading people...
891
00:44:33,918 --> 00:44:34,143
how...
892
00:44:34,424 --> 00:44:35,911
How can the country learn?
893
00:44:40,882 --> 00:44:41,882
♪♪♪
894
00:44:45,640 --> 00:44:46,640
[Bird caws]
895
00:44:49,469 --> 00:44:51,499
But I do have a sense of the future.
896
00:44:52,890 --> 00:44:55,406
One of the last stages
of life, Erik Erikson,
897
00:44:55,809 --> 00:44:58,082
the psychologist, calls
it the "generative stage,"
898
00:44:58,645 --> 00:44:59,965
where you are giving of yourself.
899
00:45:01,063 --> 00:45:02,803
You're no longer worried about your career,
900
00:45:03,066 --> 00:45:04,544
you're no longer trying to build this,
901
00:45:04,568 --> 00:45:05,758
you're no longer...
902
00:45:06,119 --> 00:45:08,682
You're now purely trying to leave...
903
00:45:10,574 --> 00:45:13,050
People with something, not
so that they remember you,
904
00:45:13,493 --> 00:45:15,948
but so that they can have something of you,
905
00:45:16,330 --> 00:45:17,330
by you, from you.
906
00:45:18,665 --> 00:45:21,733
And, at its best, teaching is all about...
907
00:45:23,301 --> 00:45:24,301
Giving.
908
00:45:24,671 --> 00:45:28,018
And if you are lucky, as
I am, the students take it,
909
00:45:28,298 --> 00:45:29,532
and they run with it.
910
00:45:31,386 --> 00:45:34,042
So you're not letting go, you're launching.
911
00:45:49,863 --> 00:45:52,226
This is called a "mess," in academic terms.
912
00:45:53,804 --> 00:45:55,766
There is more junk...
913
00:45:55,786 --> 00:45:56,866
Accumulated in this office.
914
00:46:01,513 --> 00:46:01,855
[Humming softly]
915
00:46:01,875 --> 00:46:03,905
This is my last week of teaching.
916
00:46:05,963 --> 00:46:07,626
They tell me I've gotta get out of here;
917
00:46:08,548 --> 00:46:09,548
the cleaners are coming.
918
00:46:10,550 --> 00:46:13,886
Now, in my 17 years here,
they've never had cleaners.
919
00:46:14,429 --> 00:46:15,469
"The cleaners are coming!"
920
00:46:15,575 --> 00:46:16,556
You know, it's like...
921
00:46:16,557 --> 00:46:18,462
They will have to disinfect the room?
922
00:46:20,227 --> 00:46:21,856
I'm trying to put these little tabs...
923
00:46:23,063 --> 00:46:24,503
On things that I would like to save.
924
00:46:26,566 --> 00:46:28,013
This is just memories!
925
00:46:28,817 --> 00:46:30,177
And you can't just throw them out.
926
00:46:30,757 --> 00:46:33,478
It's like putting a pet down or
saying goodbye to an old friend;
927
00:46:33,760 --> 00:46:35,117
you don't wanna do that.
928
00:46:35,258 --> 00:46:36,258
Ch-ch-ch-ch...
929
00:46:36,326 --> 00:46:38,513
On the other hand, there
must be 300 books here.
930
00:46:39,496 --> 00:46:42,470
I can't possibly take
this; There's no place;
931
00:46:42,791 --> 00:46:43,791
I have no room!
932
00:46:44,793 --> 00:46:47,217
I called the white house this
morning... the switchboard.
933
00:46:47,838 --> 00:46:49,918
I said, "I have a cabinet
chair I'd like to return."
934
00:46:50,424 --> 00:46:52,505
She said, "you wanna talk
to somebody in the cabinet?"
935
00:46:52,529 --> 00:46:53,923
I said, "no, I was in the cabinet.
936
00:46:54,469 --> 00:46:56,114
I wanna return a cabinet chair."
937
00:46:56,596 --> 00:46:57,962
"You wanna recycle something?"
938
00:46:58,765 --> 00:46:59,765
They didn't understand.
939
00:47:00,684 --> 00:47:03,489
I can't sell it on eBay;
That would just be undignified.
940
00:47:04,771 --> 00:47:07,764
And so, I guess the white
house doesn't have a answer for
941
00:47:08,025 --> 00:47:09,825
somebody who wants to
return a cabinet chair.
942
00:47:10,672 --> 00:47:11,122
Disinfecting.
943
00:47:11,695 --> 00:47:13,266
You know, it's like I have a...
944
00:47:13,507 --> 00:47:17,831
It's like I've infected this
place by just being here for...
945
00:47:19,786 --> 00:47:20,826
Lord knows how many years.
946
00:47:22,789 --> 00:47:24,749
On the other hand, there's
a lot of good feeling.
947
00:47:25,792 --> 00:47:27,322
You know, this is closing a chapter;
948
00:47:28,128 --> 00:47:30,111
I don't regard this as...
949
00:47:30,172 --> 00:47:31,172
As the end.
950
00:47:35,135 --> 00:47:36,541
This evening, there is a party.
951
00:47:38,825 --> 00:47:40,793
I don't know anything about the party,
952
00:47:40,974 --> 00:47:43,254
I just know that I've been
invited to a party in honor of
953
00:47:44,373 --> 00:47:45,381
me, whatever that means.
954
00:47:47,647 --> 00:47:51,611
I had requested that my former
teaching assistants be invited.
955
00:47:53,235 --> 00:47:54,235
And, um...
956
00:47:58,700 --> 00:48:00,585
I don't know how I'm gonna feel.
957
00:48:03,249 --> 00:48:06,493
♪ Band playing smooth funky music ♪
958
00:48:18,047 --> 00:48:19,556
[Man] Yes, yes, yes!
959
00:48:20,000 --> 00:48:21,000
Thank you.
960
00:48:22,552 --> 00:48:23,552
[Chatter]
961
00:48:26,686 --> 00:48:27,475
-Hello, krista.
962
00:48:27,496 --> 00:48:28,507
-[Krista] Hello.
963
00:48:30,403 --> 00:48:31,631
It's great seeing you.
964
00:48:31,691 --> 00:48:32,996
-Thank you for coming.
965
00:48:33,017 --> 00:48:34,017
-Lovely to see you.
966
00:48:34,297 --> 00:48:35,043
Thank you.
967
00:48:35,124 --> 00:48:36,124
Turn this way?
968
00:48:36,817 --> 00:48:37,817
Thank you.
969
00:48:37,864 --> 00:48:39,504
[Robert VO] 42 years ago, when I started,
970
00:48:40,387 --> 00:48:41,920
I walked into my first classroom,
971
00:48:42,202 --> 00:48:45,771
and, at some level of my subconsciousness,
972
00:48:46,373 --> 00:48:47,897
I knew that this was my calling.
973
00:48:49,000 --> 00:48:50,023
This is my...
974
00:48:50,043 --> 00:48:51,483
One of my first teaching assistants.
975
00:48:52,489 --> 00:48:53,179
Oh, wow!
976
00:48:53,422 --> 00:48:55,192
-[Laughter] -Oh, I'm so glad you're here.
977
00:48:56,258 --> 00:48:58,479
[Robert VO] It sounds a
little bit silly for me to say,
978
00:48:58,802 --> 00:49:02,314
as I think about saying it, but
42 years doesn't feel that long.
979
00:49:03,056 --> 00:49:04,876
[Robert] You were my student...
980
00:49:05,159 --> 00:49:06,394
At the Kennedy school.
981
00:49:06,435 --> 00:49:07,675
[Man] Your last semester there!
982
00:49:07,769 --> 00:49:08,769
My last semester there.
983
00:49:09,729 --> 00:49:11,981
We graduated 10 years
ago, can you believe it?
984
00:49:11,982 --> 00:49:13,290
-[Robert] 10 years ago?
985
00:49:13,310 --> 00:49:13,733
-Yeah.
986
00:49:13,753 --> 00:49:15,167
So that was in 20...
987
00:49:15,733 --> 00:49:16,733
What was it?
988
00:49:17,231 --> 00:49:17,874
-[Man] 1992.
989
00:49:17,894 --> 00:49:18,356
-'92.
990
00:49:18,738 --> 00:49:19,761
-[Man] When you left, yeah.
991
00:49:19,781 --> 00:49:20,804
-When I left.
992
00:49:20,945 --> 00:49:21,945
[Man] [Indistinct].
993
00:49:22,075 --> 00:49:25,241
Several of my students from the
Kennedy school from the '90s and
994
00:49:25,662 --> 00:49:26,929
-'80s are here.
995
00:49:26,949 --> 00:49:28,377
-[Woman] Oh, my god!
996
00:49:29,985 --> 00:49:30,292
[Laughs]
997
00:49:30,493 --> 00:49:31,964
[Robert] I mean, talk about heavy.
998
00:49:32,126 --> 00:49:33,404
[Woman laughs]
999
00:49:33,708 --> 00:49:36,828
[Robert VO] I think some
of us are fortunate enough...
1000
00:49:37,090 --> 00:49:40,428
To be doing things that
feel right in a very, very
1001
00:49:41,011 --> 00:49:42,011
profound way.
1002
00:49:43,884 --> 00:49:45,592
And so, I'm retiring from teaching,
1003
00:49:47,100 --> 00:49:49,675
but I will continue...
as long as I'm able...
1004
00:49:49,936 --> 00:49:50,936
to be an educator.
1005
00:49:52,729 --> 00:49:53,578
[Man] Oh, this is great!
1006
00:49:53,598 --> 00:49:54,598
Now hold that!
1007
00:49:55,699 --> 00:49:55,861
Yes!
1008
00:49:55,942 --> 00:49:57,262
[Robert VO] This is not "poor me,
1009
00:49:57,319 --> 00:49:58,783
I'm ending my teaching career."
1010
00:49:59,946 --> 00:50:02,416
I'm not gonna sit on a
front porch and collect social
1011
00:50:02,657 --> 00:50:03,657
security!
1012
00:50:04,951 --> 00:50:07,757
Teaching... regardless of
whether it's a big enterprise in
1013
00:50:08,038 --> 00:50:09,038
the classroom,
1014
00:50:09,476 --> 00:50:12,869
or anything else I do after
I end my teaching career...
1015
00:50:14,334 --> 00:50:16,725
it's the same fundamental process:
1016
00:50:20,728 --> 00:50:21,973
One is engaged in...
1017
00:50:25,138 --> 00:50:26,138
Thinking with others.
1018
00:50:29,142 --> 00:50:30,142
A good teacher...
1019
00:50:32,145 --> 00:50:35,011
Instills both curiosity...
1020
00:50:37,150 --> 00:50:38,150
And critical thinking.
1021
00:50:41,488 --> 00:50:43,088
And this is the connection to democracy.
1022
00:50:45,492 --> 00:50:47,946
[Robert] "The arc of the
moral universe is long,
1023
00:50:48,328 --> 00:50:49,488
but it bends toward justice."
1024
00:50:51,164 --> 00:50:53,278
That's what Martin Luther King Jr. told us.
1025
00:50:58,088 --> 00:50:59,088
It's not that simple.
1026
00:51:00,067 --> 00:51:01,067
[Laughter]
1027
00:51:02,509 --> 00:51:04,318
As I think I've shared with many of you,
1028
00:51:05,845 --> 00:51:10,001
my introduction to much of
what we've been talking about this
1029
00:51:10,724 --> 00:51:14,788
semester happened when I
was a freshman in college,
1030
00:51:16,690 --> 00:51:19,373
and one of the young men
1031
00:51:20,876 --> 00:51:24,390
who had been my protector when
I was about eight years old...
1032
00:51:25,615 --> 00:51:27,572
although I had lost
track of him for years...
1033
00:51:28,076 --> 00:51:31,082
I discovered that he had
been registering voters
1034
00:51:32,706 --> 00:51:34,360
in Mississippi...
1035
00:51:34,661 --> 00:51:35,661
In 1964.
1036
00:51:38,420 --> 00:51:40,011
And the ku klux klan...
1037
00:51:41,818 --> 00:51:44,583
And the sheriff of neshoba
county, Mississippi...
1038
00:51:47,971 --> 00:51:51,647
Didn't want black
people registered to vote.
1039
00:51:54,581 --> 00:51:59,526
And so, my protector when
I was a much younger kid,
1040
00:52:00,817 --> 00:52:01,817
Michael schwerner...
1041
00:52:02,777 --> 00:52:04,537
along with two other
civil rights workers...
1042
00:52:06,967 --> 00:52:07,967
they were...
1043
00:52:10,910 --> 00:52:11,910
Tortured and murdered.
1044
00:52:14,331 --> 00:52:17,001
And when I found out that
the person who had protected me
1045
00:52:18,688 --> 00:52:19,688
from the bullies...
1046
00:52:21,254 --> 00:52:22,254
Had been...
1047
00:52:23,423 --> 00:52:24,632
Killed by the real bullies,
1048
00:52:27,677 --> 00:52:29,428
it changed my life,
1049
00:52:29,971 --> 00:52:31,102
because I...
1050
00:52:31,264 --> 00:52:32,475
I began to see bullying...
1051
00:52:34,809 --> 00:52:35,809
All around.
1052
00:52:38,438 --> 00:52:39,438
Economic bullying...
1053
00:52:41,316 --> 00:52:42,724
Racial bullying, ethnic bullying,
1054
00:52:43,026 --> 00:52:44,026
the bullying...
1055
00:52:44,944 --> 00:52:46,544
Of anybody who's different, who's other,
1056
00:52:46,821 --> 00:52:48,606
who doesn't have the power.
1057
00:52:57,540 --> 00:53:00,556
But these movements... the
movement against racism...
1058
00:53:01,501 --> 00:53:04,616
[Robert VO] Over the years,
I've learned democracy requires
1059
00:53:05,340 --> 00:53:06,340
engagement.
1060
00:53:07,507 --> 00:53:09,079
It requires participation.
1061
00:53:11,304 --> 00:53:13,618
If we take the idea of
self-government seriously...
1062
00:53:16,226 --> 00:53:18,591
It is about taking responsibility.
1063
00:53:20,647 --> 00:53:23,239
Taking responsibility for what you believe,
1064
00:53:24,003 --> 00:53:25,529
your views, your...
1065
00:53:26,653 --> 00:53:27,653
Citizenship.
1066
00:53:28,405 --> 00:53:30,700
And that is what teaching is all about,
1067
00:53:31,324 --> 00:53:34,096
what learning is all about:
It's taking responsibility.
1068
00:53:35,328 --> 00:53:37,055
Democracy is not a spectator sport.
1069
00:53:37,497 --> 00:53:38,970
Learning is not a spectator sport.
1070
00:53:40,333 --> 00:53:41,333
It's active!
1071
00:53:42,711 --> 00:53:45,111
[Robert] The thing that's so
important to understand is that
1072
00:53:45,171 --> 00:53:46,382
these fights don't end.
1073
00:53:49,843 --> 00:53:51,899
There is no point where
you can relax and say,
1074
00:53:52,262 --> 00:53:53,262
"oh, yes!
1075
00:53:54,097 --> 00:53:58,297
The gap between our ideal
and reality has already been
1076
00:53:58,518 --> 00:53:59,518
overcome."
1077
00:54:02,562 --> 00:54:05,973
And so, to make changes...
to make the world better...
1078
00:54:07,277 --> 00:54:08,277
we need leadership!
1079
00:54:12,115 --> 00:54:14,659
But let me be very clear,
because I have spent...
1080
00:54:18,288 --> 00:54:19,691
Over 60 years...
1081
00:54:21,916 --> 00:54:24,783
With people who were leaders...
some of them formal leaders,
1082
00:54:25,044 --> 00:54:26,334
some of them informal leaders...
1083
00:54:27,984 --> 00:54:29,575
they were not born that way.
1084
00:54:32,218 --> 00:54:34,128
There is not a leadership gene.
1085
00:54:37,724 --> 00:54:39,124
There are not natural-born leaders.
1086
00:54:41,311 --> 00:54:43,320
Leadership comes from...
1087
00:54:44,606 --> 00:54:45,606
Somewhere else.
1088
00:54:47,233 --> 00:54:48,633
[Robert VO] In my formal education,
1089
00:54:48,902 --> 00:54:49,902
I was blessed.
1090
00:54:51,112 --> 00:54:54,559
I went to a tiny public
grade school and high school,
1091
00:54:55,742 --> 00:54:59,586
and many of my teachers
were very, very dedicated.
1092
00:55:00,954 --> 00:55:03,268
They were curious, and funny, and...
1093
00:55:04,374 --> 00:55:05,960
Thoughtful.
1094
00:55:05,980 --> 00:55:08,072
And they gave everything of themselves.
1095
00:55:10,924 --> 00:55:13,324
[Robert] And then, there's
also the leadership myth that you
1096
00:55:13,426 --> 00:55:15,051
have to have formal authority.
1097
00:55:16,135 --> 00:55:19,672
You've got to be a president,
or you've got to be a member of
1098
00:55:19,933 --> 00:55:23,791
congress, or whatever
drapes you in authority.
1099
00:55:24,354 --> 00:55:25,565
Well...
1100
00:55:25,605 --> 00:55:26,605
Stop right there.
1101
00:55:28,858 --> 00:55:31,011
Some of the most...
1102
00:55:31,152 --> 00:55:33,998
Important leaders in world history...
1103
00:55:37,784 --> 00:55:40,732
Have had no formal authority at all.
1104
00:55:45,792 --> 00:55:48,360
Mahatma Gandhi comes to mind immediately.
1105
00:55:51,172 --> 00:55:52,172
Martin Luther King...
1106
00:55:52,340 --> 00:55:54,460
[Robert VO] When I think
back, I was a very insecure,
1107
00:55:55,635 --> 00:55:57,738
quiet, intimidated...
1108
00:55:59,180 --> 00:56:00,180
Little boy.
1109
00:56:04,018 --> 00:56:05,178
And some of those teachers...
1110
00:56:09,649 --> 00:56:12,041
Reassured me that I was...
1111
00:56:13,820 --> 00:56:15,124
Not a freak,
1112
00:56:18,908 --> 00:56:21,597
that despite my height and despite my...
1113
00:56:23,243 --> 00:56:24,243
You know, being...
1114
00:56:25,999 --> 00:56:27,489
A klutz in sports,
1115
00:56:28,918 --> 00:56:31,023
that I was not wrong,
1116
00:56:34,048 --> 00:56:35,048
or weird.
1117
00:56:39,345 --> 00:56:42,958
They enabled me to accept myself.
1118
00:56:46,601 --> 00:56:48,982
[Robert] The purpose of this class...
1119
00:56:49,022 --> 00:56:53,466
Is to both face the reality
that we have been talking about
1120
00:56:54,569 --> 00:56:55,569
this semester...
1121
00:56:57,091 --> 00:56:59,827
the realities of widening
inequality of income...
1122
00:57:01,761 --> 00:57:02,761
And wealth.
1123
00:57:04,037 --> 00:57:07,226
But do it in a way that
reality needs to be faced...
1124
00:57:07,707 --> 00:57:11,058
that is, not with great
fear, not with negativism,
1125
00:57:11,419 --> 00:57:13,802
not with a sense of defeatism...
1126
00:57:15,632 --> 00:57:17,688
But, really, with a sense of optimism,
1127
00:57:18,635 --> 00:57:19,635
inspiration,
1128
00:57:21,240 --> 00:57:22,240
commitment.
1129
00:57:24,474 --> 00:57:25,714
And so, I want you to remember:
1130
00:57:27,560 --> 00:57:31,045
A true leader helps people overcome
1131
00:57:32,106 --> 00:57:33,106
cynicism,
1132
00:57:33,983 --> 00:57:35,146
and do the hard work
1133
00:57:36,089 --> 00:57:38,355
of making positive social change.
1134
00:57:42,075 --> 00:57:44,583
And so, as I've suggested
to you this semester,
1135
00:57:45,827 --> 00:57:47,336
hopefully at least some of you...
1136
00:57:49,622 --> 00:57:52,314
Are going to devote
some of your attention...
1137
00:57:53,962 --> 00:57:56,742
And some of your time...
1138
00:57:56,923 --> 00:57:58,007
And some of your life...
1139
00:58:00,301 --> 00:58:01,301
To making...
1140
00:58:02,428 --> 00:58:03,428
The world better.
1141
00:58:06,015 --> 00:58:07,527
I believe in your capacities.
1142
00:58:11,104 --> 00:58:13,687
I believe in your commitment.
1143
00:58:18,444 --> 00:58:19,444
I believe in you.
1144
00:58:23,926 --> 00:58:26,232
[Robert VO] Tomorrow is my last class.
1145
00:58:28,162 --> 00:58:29,162
But, let's face it:
1146
00:58:29,475 --> 00:58:32,896
A teacher only has a certain
amount of time with students,
1147
00:58:33,479 --> 00:58:34,479
and then, they go.
1148
00:58:37,754 --> 00:58:40,068
And so, tomorrow, at the end of class,
1149
00:58:41,175 --> 00:58:42,676
there will be...
1150
00:58:42,677 --> 00:58:43,677
These guys,
1151
00:58:44,804 --> 00:58:45,804
who will leave,
1152
00:58:47,849 --> 00:58:48,849
go on with their lives.
1153
00:58:51,853 --> 00:58:54,373
[Elliot] When we first started
talking to you on the Eve of the
1154
00:58:54,397 --> 00:58:57,444
first class, and now, here
we are at the final one,
1155
00:58:59,068 --> 00:59:01,914
do you have a sense as far
as thinking about tomorrow?
1156
00:59:04,798 --> 00:59:06,920
♪ Tender light jazz ♪
1157
00:59:27,889 --> 00:59:31,818
I had my regular doctor's
appointment last week and I...
1158
00:59:32,018 --> 00:59:33,543
My doctor is...
1159
00:59:35,188 --> 00:59:39,077
Young, and she's not that much
older than many of my graduate
1160
00:59:39,378 --> 00:59:40,723
students, my teaching assistants.
1161
00:59:42,028 --> 00:59:43,428
And, at the end of the appointment,
1162
00:59:43,529 --> 00:59:45,459
she, um... she looked at me and she said,
1163
00:59:45,760 --> 00:59:46,599
"is everything fine?
1164
00:59:46,783 --> 00:59:47,943
Everything good in your life?
1165
00:59:48,282 --> 00:59:49,535
Everything..." [chuckles]
1166
00:59:50,045 --> 00:59:50,269
And I...
1167
00:59:50,493 --> 00:59:52,137
And I said, "yes, i'm... I'm retiring!
1168
00:59:52,538 --> 00:59:53,778
In fact, this is my last week."
1169
00:59:55,249 --> 00:59:57,241
And she said, uh, "well, congratulations!
1170
00:59:57,543 --> 00:59:59,213
How does it feel?"
1171
00:59:59,273 --> 01:00:00,273
I just...
1172
01:00:01,714 --> 01:00:02,714
I started crying.
1173
01:00:03,883 --> 01:00:04,883
I was embarrassed.
1174
01:00:05,106 --> 01:00:06,106
[Laughs] I mean...
1175
01:00:07,136 --> 01:00:08,136
Poor...
1176
01:00:10,139 --> 01:00:11,764
Young woman, she didn't know what to do.
1177
01:00:12,489 --> 01:00:13,625
I mean, she...
1178
01:00:13,726 --> 01:00:14,726
She was very kind.
1179
01:00:16,229 --> 01:00:18,009
She put her hand on my arm and she said,
1180
01:00:18,413 --> 01:00:18,976
"I understand."
1181
01:00:19,398 --> 01:00:20,998
Well, she didn't understand; She's only,
1182
01:00:21,748 --> 01:00:22,754
you know, 34 years old.
1183
01:00:24,685 --> 01:00:25,685
♪♪♪
1184
01:00:42,421 --> 01:00:45,724
Quite honestly, the feelings
about retiring... about no
1185
01:00:45,925 --> 01:00:48,694
longer teaching, about no
longer having my students,
1186
01:00:49,135 --> 01:00:52,008
my classes... are closely aligned...
1187
01:00:53,494 --> 01:00:55,637
To feelings that come with being...
1188
01:00:57,019 --> 01:00:58,019
An older person.
1189
01:01:01,023 --> 01:01:04,129
Unlike the first 10 or 20
or 30 years of your life,
1190
01:01:05,111 --> 01:01:07,048
where it's all gain... or, if you're lucky,
1191
01:01:07,633 --> 01:01:09,003
you're just... you're growing...
1192
01:01:11,467 --> 01:01:14,277
the last 10 or 20 years are about...
1193
01:01:15,621 --> 01:01:18,490
Accommodating what is obviously an ending.
1194
01:01:22,503 --> 01:01:26,835
And so, retiring from teaching...
ending my teaching career
1195
01:01:27,216 --> 01:01:28,827
that has been so critically...
1196
01:01:30,136 --> 01:01:32,490
Important to me, a calling for me...
1197
01:01:39,312 --> 01:01:40,312
Is a real loss.
1198
01:01:44,831 --> 01:01:45,831
♪♪♪
1199
01:02:04,670 --> 01:02:05,500
-[Nicki] How are you feeling?
1200
01:02:05,521 --> 01:02:06,027
-[Robert] Good!
1201
01:02:06,310 --> 01:02:06,613
Yeah?
1202
01:02:06,714 --> 01:02:08,150
[Robert, chuckling] You look worried.
1203
01:02:08,174 --> 01:02:09,447
No, it's just your last one!
1204
01:02:09,651 --> 01:02:10,551
[Robert] I know...
1205
01:02:10,591 --> 01:02:11,942
Do you need anything?
1206
01:02:13,512 --> 01:02:15,013
[Sasha] For you, Bob.
1207
01:02:15,014 --> 01:02:16,014
The final donning of...
1208
01:02:17,350 --> 01:02:19,237
-The final... -[Sasha] Your speaker.
1209
01:02:20,957 --> 01:02:23,343
Good afternoon, wealth and poverty!
1210
01:02:23,564 --> 01:02:25,713
This is our final class; You've made it!
1211
01:02:26,275 --> 01:02:27,419
Congratulations!
1212
01:02:29,400 --> 01:02:29,542
Woo!
1213
01:02:30,292 --> 01:02:32,572
This is great opportunity to
move into the middle of your
1214
01:02:33,187 --> 01:02:33,771
row.
1215
01:02:34,153 --> 01:02:35,153
♪ Come ♪
1216
01:02:36,342 --> 01:02:39,506
♪ and talk about the things we did today ♪
1217
01:02:41,616 --> 01:02:42,616
♪ here ♪
1218
01:02:43,933 --> 01:02:47,203
♪ and laugh about our funny little ways ♪
1219
01:02:49,448 --> 01:02:53,492
♪ while we have a few minutes to breathe ♪
1220
01:02:53,833 --> 01:02:57,590
♪ then I know that it's
time you must leave... ♪
1221
01:02:59,934 --> 01:03:01,974
[Robert VO] You know, as
I think about my students,
1222
01:03:03,102 --> 01:03:04,170
they are in transition...
1223
01:03:05,519 --> 01:03:07,027
most of them 21, 22 years old.
1224
01:03:09,318 --> 01:03:11,611
Do you remember how you
felt at the age of 21, 22?
1225
01:03:13,301 --> 01:03:15,227
[Chuckling] I mean...
1226
01:03:15,770 --> 01:03:16,770
♪♪♪
1227
01:03:19,452 --> 01:03:21,960
For them, it's not ending, it's beginning,
1228
01:03:23,706 --> 01:03:25,405
and this is the connection, really,
1229
01:03:25,668 --> 01:03:26,991
between teachers and students.
1230
01:03:29,088 --> 01:03:30,395
It's about the passage of time,
1231
01:03:32,546 --> 01:03:33,546
and, at a deeper level,
1232
01:03:35,136 --> 01:03:36,136
the arc of one's life.
1233
01:03:40,579 --> 01:03:44,603
♪ And I see that the time spent confused ♪
1234
01:03:44,623 --> 01:03:47,766
♪ was the time that I'd spent without you ♪
1235
01:03:50,469 --> 01:03:53,932
♪ and I feel myself in bloom ♪
1236
01:03:58,159 --> 01:04:00,828
♪ so, darling, be home soon ♪
1237
01:04:01,349 --> 01:04:05,172
♪ I couldn't bear to wait an
extra minute if you dawdled ♪
1238
01:04:06,914 --> 01:04:08,380
♪ my darling, be home soon ♪
1239
01:04:10,911 --> 01:04:12,231
♪ it's not just these few hours ♪
1240
01:04:12,626 --> 01:04:15,154
♪ but I've been waiting since I toddled ♪
1241
01:04:16,357 --> 01:04:19,821
♪ for the great relief
of having you to talk to ♪
1242
01:04:21,707 --> 01:04:23,329
[Cheers and applause]
1243
01:04:35,431 --> 01:04:36,431
♪♪♪
1244
01:04:43,472 --> 01:04:44,472
♪ So, darling ♪
1245
01:04:45,851 --> 01:04:49,083
♪ my darling, be home soon ♪
1246
01:04:50,146 --> 01:04:54,089
♪ I couldn't bear to wait an
extra minute if you dawdled ♪
1247
01:04:56,196 --> 01:04:59,185
♪ my darling, be home soon ♪
1248
01:04:59,547 --> 01:05:01,101
♪ it's not just these few hours ♪
1249
01:05:01,643 --> 01:05:04,653
♪ but I've been waiting since I toddled ♪
1250
01:05:05,035 --> 01:05:07,615
♪ for the great relief of having you... ♪
1251
01:05:07,957 --> 01:05:09,957
[Elliot] Bob, it's okay
if we film you doing this?
1252
01:05:10,584 --> 01:05:11,690
[Robert] Of course!
1253
01:05:11,891 --> 01:05:13,904
I've, uh, been filmed a few times before.
1254
01:05:16,862 --> 01:05:20,373
[Man VO] From CBS news Washington...
1255
01:05:20,533 --> 01:05:23,025
A spontaneous and
unrehearsed news interview
1256
01:05:23,909 --> 01:05:25,040
on face the nation.
1257
01:05:26,872 --> 01:05:30,178
With Robert reich, who teaches
business and public policy at
1258
01:05:30,418 --> 01:05:33,009
Harvard university's John F.
Kennedy school of government.
1259
01:05:33,712 --> 01:05:35,392
Joining us now, live in our Boston bureau,
1260
01:05:35,589 --> 01:05:36,589
is Robert reich.
1261
01:05:36,630 --> 01:05:38,091
[Woman] From Boston, Robert reich.
1262
01:05:38,092 --> 01:05:40,172
[Man] Professor Robert
reich, the Harvard economist.
1263
01:05:40,428 --> 01:05:44,066
Robert reich, whose book,
'the next American frontier, '
1264
01:05:44,890 --> 01:05:47,923
has engaged the attention of a
number of democrats looking for
1265
01:05:48,184 --> 01:05:49,307
interesting things to say.
1266
01:05:50,229 --> 01:05:53,067
The question you have to ask
is what the rules of the game
1267
01:05:53,107 --> 01:05:53,473
ought to be.
1268
01:05:53,899 --> 01:05:58,032
We are now facing a circumstance
in which the old ways of doing
1269
01:05:58,412 --> 01:06:01,537
things simply will not
maintain our standard of living,
1270
01:06:01,657 --> 01:06:03,617
and the choice before
us, I think, is very stark.
1271
01:06:04,357 --> 01:06:06,744
♪ Lively funky music ♪
1272
01:06:08,330 --> 01:06:09,165
[Robert VO] Good morning!
1273
01:06:09,166 --> 01:06:12,190
It's a new day, a new
year, and a new future!
1274
01:06:12,751 --> 01:06:13,751
Here we are in 1989.
1275
01:06:15,397 --> 01:06:18,154
I'm talking about issues and
concerns that most Americans
1276
01:06:18,215 --> 01:06:18,499
have:
1277
01:06:19,008 --> 01:06:21,288
The quality of education,
the quality of the environment,
1278
01:06:21,717 --> 01:06:22,997
rebuilding the infrastructure...
1279
01:06:24,553 --> 01:06:27,139
[Larry VO] In steps secretary
of labor Robert reich.
1280
01:06:27,600 --> 01:06:29,598
The plan revealed by the
president when he addresses
1281
01:06:29,622 --> 01:06:32,984
congress next Wednesday will
have this man's fingerprints all
1282
01:06:33,105 --> 01:06:33,390
over it.
1283
01:06:33,939 --> 01:06:35,927
This plan gets control
over that budget deficit.
1284
01:06:36,128 --> 01:06:38,288
Becoming lean and mean,
getting down to the bone.
1285
01:06:38,611 --> 01:06:41,246
Investing in the future, with
regard to education and training
1286
01:06:41,447 --> 01:06:42,303
and infrastructure.
1287
01:06:42,364 --> 01:06:44,676
Roads, Bridges, all the things
that American business needs.
1288
01:06:44,700 --> 01:06:46,636
Everybody in Washington is
a little bit itchy because
1289
01:06:46,660 --> 01:06:49,208
Washington doesn't like change,
but the public out there seems
1290
01:06:49,308 --> 01:06:50,308
to be very happy, indeed.
1291
01:06:51,016 --> 01:06:52,016
♪♪♪
1292
01:06:55,669 --> 01:06:57,309
People talk about government being too...
1293
01:06:57,379 --> 01:06:57,864
-Too big.
1294
01:06:57,884 --> 01:06:58,268
-[Jay] Mm-hm.
1295
01:06:58,671 --> 01:06:59,671
I ask you:
1296
01:06:59,798 --> 01:07:00,998
Do I look like big government?
1297
01:07:01,193 --> 01:07:02,193
[Laughter and applause]
1298
01:07:02,801 --> 01:07:03,801
Is this big government?
1299
01:07:03,969 --> 01:07:06,358
You will hear members of
congress talk about making
1300
01:07:06,639 --> 01:07:09,747
government smaller, and more efficient.
1301
01:07:10,329 --> 01:07:15,194
I defy anybody... anybody...
to find a smaller and more
1302
01:07:15,564 --> 01:07:17,368
efficient labor secretary than me.
1303
01:07:18,190 --> 01:07:19,215
[Laughter and applause]
1304
01:07:19,235 --> 01:07:20,635
In the interest of full disclosure,
1305
01:07:20,839 --> 01:07:22,437
I am not taller than Cheryl tiegs.
1306
01:07:23,124 --> 01:07:23,648
[Laughter]
1307
01:07:24,031 --> 01:07:25,301
[Laughing] Ah, the secret!
1308
01:07:25,906 --> 01:07:27,734
I keep telling him he
should be a male model.
1309
01:07:28,257 --> 01:07:29,257
[Laughter]
1310
01:07:29,529 --> 01:07:30,529
♪♪♪
1311
01:07:32,766 --> 01:07:33,998
[Robert VO] The economy is good.
1312
01:07:33,999 --> 01:07:37,443
The one unfinished agenda is the very, very
1313
01:07:37,543 --> 01:07:39,541
wide inequality we have in this country.
1314
01:07:40,005 --> 01:07:41,854
A widening gap between the rich and poor.
1315
01:07:42,216 --> 01:07:44,496
A wide Gulf between people
at the top and everybody else.
1316
01:07:44,800 --> 01:07:46,488
Rich are getting richer,
the poor are getting poorer.
1317
01:07:46,512 --> 01:07:49,610
The wage issue is
something this whole society
1318
01:07:49,932 --> 01:07:50,932
has got to focus on.
1319
01:07:51,183 --> 01:07:53,314
My friends, we are on the way to becoming
1320
01:07:53,435 --> 01:07:56,145
a two-tiered society,
1321
01:07:57,189 --> 01:07:58,454
composed of a few winners,
1322
01:07:59,900 --> 01:08:02,411
and a larger group of
Americans left behind,
1323
01:08:03,195 --> 01:08:05,924
whose anger and whose disillusionment
1324
01:08:06,365 --> 01:08:08,332
is easily manipulated.
1325
01:08:09,275 --> 01:08:10,275
♪♪♪
1326
01:08:12,288 --> 01:08:13,765
[Robert VO] I'm former
labor secretary Robert reich,
1327
01:08:13,789 --> 01:08:15,559
filling in for Bill
O'Reilly, who's on vacation.
1328
01:08:15,583 --> 01:08:17,416
But never fear, factor fans!
1329
01:08:18,000 --> 01:08:19,680
I have the same ideology as Bill O'Reilly.
1330
01:08:19,878 --> 01:08:21,326
Bill will be back on Monday!
1331
01:08:22,131 --> 01:08:24,419
You know, I do television
once or twice a week.
1332
01:08:25,001 --> 01:08:27,692
The problem with television
is I'm usually on these yelling
1333
01:08:28,297 --> 01:08:28,541
shows.
1334
01:08:28,927 --> 01:08:30,967
I mean, I just yell, and
somebody yells back at me.
1335
01:08:31,056 --> 01:08:32,056
[Overlapping yelling]
1336
01:08:41,147 --> 01:08:41,914
-You're being hypocritical!
1337
01:08:41,934 --> 01:08:42,822
-Wait, let me...
1338
01:08:42,943 --> 01:08:45,763
Let me be the first person to
finish a sentence on the history
1339
01:08:45,904 --> 01:08:46,904
of this program.
1340
01:08:47,239 --> 01:08:47,521
All right?
1341
01:08:47,501 --> 01:08:48,501
!
1342
01:08:48,569 --> 01:08:49,569
♪♪♪
1343
01:08:53,515 --> 01:08:55,225
[Man VO] This summer, conan o'brien
1344
01:08:55,748 --> 01:08:57,837
and former secretary
of labor Robert reich...
1345
01:08:58,601 --> 01:08:59,612
Are...
1346
01:08:59,835 --> 01:09:01,926
Detective conan o'brien...
1347
01:09:02,147 --> 01:09:04,955
And detective former
secretary of labor Robert reich!
1348
01:09:06,278 --> 01:09:07,718
Okay, now how do I stand, like this?
1349
01:09:07,760 --> 01:09:10,160
Well, like this, and we just
march down the street together.
1350
01:09:10,429 --> 01:09:12,096
I feel... I feel as if I'm one of you.
1351
01:09:12,097 --> 01:09:12,809
[Man] Empowered!
1352
01:09:12,931 --> 01:09:13,931
I'm now one of the gang.
1353
01:09:14,266 --> 01:09:14,869
Factories closed!
1354
01:09:14,909 --> 01:09:16,015
Unemployment will spike!
1355
01:09:16,477 --> 01:09:18,203
Here to explain it is Robert b. Reich!
1356
01:09:18,604 --> 01:09:20,785
Rampant corporate greed,
wall street malfeasance,
1357
01:09:21,148 --> 01:09:23,893
and the rises of short-sighted
politics all contributed to
1358
01:09:24,213 --> 01:09:25,413
increased economic inequality!
1359
01:09:25,861 --> 01:09:26,090
[Blast]
1360
01:09:26,131 --> 01:09:28,669
[Man VO] They've got 24
hours to clean up the city!
1361
01:09:29,615 --> 01:09:30,615
[Laughter]
1362
01:09:31,492 --> 01:09:32,624
I just took out the trash.
1363
01:09:34,115 --> 01:09:35,115
♪♪♪
1364
01:09:43,710 --> 01:09:44,837
[Robert VO] A true leader...
1365
01:09:44,838 --> 01:09:48,245
Is always trying to empower
other people to be ethically
1366
01:09:48,967 --> 01:09:50,047
responsible and self-aware.
1367
01:09:51,240 --> 01:09:52,240
Not just follow,
1368
01:09:52,888 --> 01:09:54,823
but to be ethically
responsible and self-aware.
1369
01:09:55,911 --> 01:09:58,681
Empowerment means to take responsibility.
1370
01:10:00,065 --> 01:10:01,065
♪♪♪
1371
01:10:31,864 --> 01:10:33,285
[Ambient sidewalk sounds]
1372
01:10:38,684 --> 01:10:39,289
-[Woman] Hi, professor reich!
1373
01:10:39,309 --> 01:10:39,915
-How are you?
1374
01:10:39,895 --> 01:10:39,915
!
1375
01:10:40,016 --> 01:10:41,656
[Woman] I watched your series on YouTube!
1376
01:10:41,729 --> 01:10:42,254
-Oh, I'm so glad!
1377
01:10:42,274 --> 01:10:43,274
-[Woman] Really good!
1378
01:10:47,981 --> 01:10:49,428
[Woman] Bye, professor!
1379
01:10:49,690 --> 01:10:50,072
Thank you!
1380
01:10:50,132 --> 01:10:51,132
Thanks very much!
1381
01:10:51,363 --> 01:10:52,588
-[Woman] You have a great day!
1382
01:10:52,608 --> 01:10:53,608
-You too!
1383
01:10:53,834 --> 01:10:55,366
[Woman] I hope retirement is great!
1384
01:10:55,367 --> 01:10:55,631
Thank you!
1385
01:10:55,651 --> 01:10:56,771
I hope you have a good life!
1386
01:10:57,010 --> 01:10:58,583
[Woman] Thank you!
1387
01:11:02,416 --> 01:11:04,416
[Brandon] Does that just
happen everywhere you go?
1388
01:11:06,216 --> 01:11:06,358
Yeah.
1389
01:11:06,581 --> 01:11:07,581
Yeah!
100010
Can't find what you're looking for?
Get subtitles in any language from opensubtitles.com, and translate them here.
Afrikaans
Akan
Albanian
Amharic
Armenian
Azerbaijani
Basque
Belarusian
Bemba
Bengali
Bihari
Bosnian
Breton
Bulgarian
Cambodian
Catalan
Cebuano
Cherokee
Chichewa
Chinese (Simplified)
Chinese (Traditional)
Corsican
Croatian
Czech
Danish
Dutch
English
Esperanto
Estonian
Faroese
Finnish
Galician
Georgian
German
Greek
Guarani
Haitian Creole
Hausa
Hawaiian
Hebrew
Hmong
Hungarian
Icelandic
Indonesian
Irish
Italian
Japanese
Kazakh
Kinyarwanda
Kirundi
Kongo
Korean
Krio (Sierra Leone)
Kurdish
Kyrgyz
Laothian
Latin
Latvian
Lithuanian
Luganda
Luo
Luxembourgish
Macedonian
Malagasy
Malay
Maltese
Maori
Mauritian Creole
Moldavian
Mongolian
Myanmar (Burmese)
Montenegrin
Nepali
Norwegian
Pashto
Persian
Polish
Portuguese (Brazil)
Portuguese (Portugal)
Quechua
Romanian
Romansh
Russian
Samoan
Scots Gaelic
Serbian
Sesotho
Setswana
Seychellois Creole
Shona
Sindhi
Sinhalese
Slovak
Slovenian
Somali
Spanish
Swedish
Tajik
Thai
Tigrinya
Tonga
Turkish
Turkmen
Ukrainian
Uzbek
Vietnamese
Welsh
Wolof