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NARRATOR:
In Kasanka National Park
in Zambia
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lives a troop of baboons
like no other.
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They are Kinda baboons,
a species only recently
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identified and still
little-understood.
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Living alongside them are
four dedicated researchers
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whose mission
is to uncover the secrets
of these remarkable monkeys.
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This is a real-life
soap opera
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with its ups and downs...
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Heroes, villains.
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And love stories.
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And the team is with its
characters every step of
the way.
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(CHITTERING)
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(THEME MUSIC PLAYING)
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(CHITTERING)
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Powerfully built with
long dog-like snouts and
large formidable teeth,
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baboons are often thought
of as aggressive.
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They are some of the
largest and most
ill-tempered monkeys
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in the world.
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(AGGRESSIVELY CHITTERING)
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The five most well-known
species, including these
yellow baboons,
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are spread across Africa
and Arabia.
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Their brawls are
notoriously vicious.
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But in Kasanka National
Park in central Zambia,
there’s a sixth species,
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the Kinda baboon.
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Until a few years ago, it was
thought to be a subspecies
of the yellow baboon.
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It’s now been
classified as a species in
its own right
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and, as such, is almost
completely unstudied.
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Kinda baboons are more
slender than their yellow
cousins
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and have flatter faces.
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They are also furrier and
their hair has a distinctive
soft, silky texture.
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But it’s their
chilled-out behavior
that really sets them apart.
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Males seem to have
abandoned aggression
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for an altogether more
affable approach to life.
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Far more interested in
friendship than fighting,
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they buck the baboon trend.
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Kindas really do seem to
be kinder.
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But much about these
peace-loving primates is
still a mystery.
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American biologist,
Anna Weyher, is determined
to change that.
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She’s spent the last six years
getting to know
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one particular troop
of Kinda baboons.
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In the beginning,
I was doing things...
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Pretending I was eating grass,
not paying attention,
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I would groom my fleas
by myself.
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So they didn’t think
I was looking at them
directly,
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but acting sort of like them,
doing similar things,
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just to gain their trust,
and for them to see how,
um...
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I was not that different
from them.
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Looking at
fur patterns, body shapes,
and mannerisms,
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has helped
Anna and her team
identify over 60 members
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of a troop.
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But to make
studying them easier,
individuals need names.
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I decided that
I would name them
after musicians.
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When a mother, say Ella,
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every infant she gives birth
to, the name will start
with an "E".
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So Ella has Elvis.
Ella has Elton.
Ella has Eminem.
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All named after musicians.
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NARRATOR:
These musical monkeys all
have distinct personalities.
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Garfunkel is a grumpy and
uneasy alpha male.
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His second-in-command,
Simon, is more laid-back.
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Among the females,
taciturn Ella is outranked
by headstrong Madonna.
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Even the newest additions to
the troop are already
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displaying different
characteristics.
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Baby Eminem is bold and
curious.
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Little Israel is more
cautious and reserved.
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By living alongside them
Anna and her team hope to
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understand more about how
these characters are
connected to each other,
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and why they behave the
way they do.
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Life in Kinda Camp
starts early.
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It’s 20 past 5:00 and
the sun has only just
crept above the horizon.
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Baboons get up before dawn
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and are already looking
for breakfast by sunrise.
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The team needs to move
quickly if they’re to
catch up.
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ANNA: These are just fresh
tracks from now, yeah?
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MAN: Yes.
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ANNA: You can tell that
they’re fresh.
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OK, so. We’re going
that way. All right.
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Fresh tracks tell
them in which direction
the baboons are moving.
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Anna finds the troop’s
genial deputy leader.
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ANNA: This is Simon.
He’s our second-ranking male.
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NARRATOR:
His easygoing nature
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has made him something of a
favorite with the team.
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He’s a little bit
lazy sometimes.
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He will sit at the base
of a tree
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where one of his female
friends will be up
eating, right now,
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it’s Madonna,
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and wait as she
messily drops pods.
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That way, he doesn’t
have to climb the tree.
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Simon and Madonna
are spending a lot more
time together
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and Anna is keen
to keep tabs on them.
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He’s very diligent
about being near his females
and grooming them.
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Madonna is swelling right now.
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So by sitting at the base of
the tree where she’s feeding,
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he can make sure
when she comes down
that he’s with her.
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NARRATOR:
The pink sexual swelling
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around the buttocks
signals a female
will soon be
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in estrus
and ready for mating.
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Simon needs to stay close
to Madonna to make sure
he’s first to mate
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with her when the time comes.
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Anna has discovered that,
unlike other baboons,
Kindas form long-term
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00:06:56,516 --> 00:06:58,685
male-female
relationships.
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By watching Simon
and Madonna,
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she can see just
how these connections
begin.
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00:07:09,596 --> 00:07:14,000
But the baboons have
something else to offer
Anna’s project...
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um, he’s just taking a rest
but often times when
they sit on, um,
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trees or logs like this,
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it’s a good chance to get
a fecal sample.
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Fecal-sampling,
that’s "poo-collecting"
to the uninitiated,
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is an important aspect
of the team’s work.
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Each sample contains a
wealth of genetic information.
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ANNA: We see an
individual we know
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drop a sample for us,
we can then go pick it up
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and we put it in a certain
solution that preserves
the DNA.
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I take it all back
to the United States
where I then...
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We’re able to do the
proper analysis and see
who’s related to whom.
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00:07:57,577 --> 00:08:00,747
Anna’s dream is
to one day build
a genetic database
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of this baboon troop,
a full family tree.
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Along with her
behavioral observations,
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she’s gaining unprecedented
insight into the lives
of Kinda baboons.
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She needs several samples
from each member of the troop.
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And in the dense bush you
sometimes need eagle eyes
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to spot when a baboon
does the business.
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Yes. Marley, Kennedy.
Got a fecal sample.
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MAN: Oh, great.
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NARRATOR:
Nice and fresh.
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And a positive ID.
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The researchers must be 100%
sure they know
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which individual provides each
sample.
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ANNA: Just a small,
tiny bit of it is all we need.
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00:08:49,996 --> 00:08:55,201
It’s super important
because it gives us the
actual wider picture
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of what the things
that we think are happening
in the group
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from watching the behavior.
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Now we can do
non-invasive sampling
and get genetics from this.
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I don’t have to draw
blood from my animal,
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I just can take a tiny
bit of it and put it in
a tube.
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Take it back home
and get it tested.
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Oh, perfect.
Right to the line.
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It’s easy to see
whose mom is who.
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Infants don’t let go of
their mothers’ bellies for
the first two weeks of life,
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and continue to be carried
and cuddled by them for
six or eight months.
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(CHITTERING)
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Identifying dads is a bit
trickier.
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We have so many ideas
and thoughts of who is
the dad of which infant
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from behavior, but you know,
it can go wrong.
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We can have assumptions
that can be quite different
from what’s actually
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going on...
There might be, um,
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some sneaky mating on the
side that we haven’t seen.
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Anna’s great
poo collection will
eventually give them
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definitive answers to
those nagging paternity
questions.
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Anna has recruited
Scottish primatologist
Rachel Sassoon
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to help her run the
Kinda baboon study.
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Both rely on the skills
of local scout Marley who
over the past five years
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has developed superhuman
abilities to identify
each baboon on sight.
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When I first started,
it was Marley that told me
all the individuals.
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Who was who
and what to look out for.
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I see what others
don’t see.
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Baboons, they are like humans.
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They have markings,
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others have big eyes,
others have round ears.
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00:10:53,920 --> 00:10:57,791
There are a lot of things
to identify baboons.
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They are totally different
from each other.
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NARRATOR:
Marley and fellow field
researcher Kennedy
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are well-known locally
for their work on the project.
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We call, Marley and Kennedy,
kolwe
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is "baboon" in
Bemba.
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00:11:13,740 --> 00:11:16,810
And that’s what they call
Marley and Kennedy.
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Marley also says to me,
and he’s said it many times,
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"One day I will learn baboon
and then I will know what they
are saying to each other."
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NARRATOR:
Every day the team spends
dawn till dusk with the troop
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as they feed, groom
and play.
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They know these baboons
like friends.
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But there are some new
faces to get acquainted with.
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It’s September, the peak
of the birthing season
for Kinda baboons.
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Even Kinda babies are
different, many are born
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with a bright
white natal coat.
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They’re black in other
baboon species.
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Their white hair is very
conspicuous which Anna
believes
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makes them
irresistible to other
baboons.
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It’s an adaptation thought to
elicit more cuddles.
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Eminem, one of this year’s
newborns, is now
three weeks old.
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His mom, Ella,
sits with another female.
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Baboon troops have a
hierarchy.
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Ella and this female
are both in the middle.
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Kinda baboons will often
let others of similar ranks
play with their babies.
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Young female Rihanna, on
the right,
is keen to join in.
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00:12:47,600 --> 00:12:52,038
But she ranks much lower
than Ella and her friend,
and is not welcome
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00:12:54,941 --> 00:12:58,278
Kinda society avoids
violent confrontation,
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00:12:58,311 --> 00:13:00,814
but they still have a
strict pecking order.
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00:13:02,949 --> 00:13:05,518
The snub is subtle but
distinct.
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By observing these
understated interactions
the team
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00:13:10,623 --> 00:13:14,227
is beginning to unlock
the baboons’ secret lives.
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Hierarchy is everything.
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00:13:23,569 --> 00:13:27,406
Females born in to the
troop remain for their
whole lives.
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They receive their rank
at birth and it never changes.
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00:13:33,079 --> 00:13:37,584
But males move between
troops and can improve
their social status.
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00:13:37,617 --> 00:13:43,423
This is Kennedy.
He’s our lowest-ranking male,
mating male,
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00:13:43,456 --> 00:13:45,591
and he’s here sitting
in the shade,
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00:13:45,625 --> 00:13:48,094
quite apart from
the rest of the group,
198
00:13:48,127 --> 00:13:51,397
but still, he can see
what’s going on.
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00:13:51,431 --> 00:13:54,534
Er, it gives him
a chance to...
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00:13:54,567 --> 00:13:59,138
Be with the group but he’s not
quite completely accepted
in yet.
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00:14:01,874 --> 00:14:03,309
NARRATOR:
Newcomers like Kennedy
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00:14:03,343 --> 00:14:05,212
start at the bottom of
the ladder.
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00:14:07,146 --> 00:14:10,249
Males come from
other groups when immature.
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00:14:10,283 --> 00:14:15,655
And then they join groups
where they’re not related
to any of the females.
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00:14:15,688 --> 00:14:20,326
We have no idea what group
he came from.
He just showed up one day.
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00:14:20,360 --> 00:14:24,998
In Kinda society
males need patience.
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00:14:25,031 --> 00:14:27,033
It could take months for
Kennedy to be fully
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00:14:27,066 --> 00:14:29,468
accepted into the troop.
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00:14:29,502 --> 00:14:32,905
(CHITTERING)
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00:14:32,939 --> 00:14:37,043
For now, as a low ranker,
and without friends or
females,
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00:14:37,076 --> 00:14:38,945
Kennedy must groom
himself.
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00:14:45,251 --> 00:14:48,087
It’s getting late in the day.
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00:14:48,121 --> 00:14:50,023
Sunset is only an hour away
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00:14:50,056 --> 00:14:54,994
and the baboons are starting
to think about finding a safe
place to spend the night.
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00:14:59,031 --> 00:15:02,668
This acacia is not
an ideal roost tree.
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00:15:02,702 --> 00:15:04,971
The small leaves offer
little cover
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00:15:05,004 --> 00:15:07,874
and leave anything in
the branches exposed.
218
00:15:09,509 --> 00:15:11,378
But it does have
one advantage.
219
00:15:14,480 --> 00:15:19,018
Acacia trees have sweet sap,
a bit like maple syrup.
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00:15:22,989 --> 00:15:27,327
By biting the bark,
the baboons get a nutritious
snack before bedtime.
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00:15:52,251 --> 00:15:57,056
The acacia is next door
to a large ebony tree
with dense cover,
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00:15:57,089 --> 00:16:00,526
much safer
for spending the night.
223
00:16:00,560 --> 00:16:05,465
But this is the time leopards
begin to hunt.
224
00:16:05,498 --> 00:16:09,402
Dropping to the ground
leaves them vulnerable
to attack
225
00:16:09,435 --> 00:16:12,171
so the baboons
take a shortcut.
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00:16:21,347 --> 00:16:27,620
Mum, Ella, must get baby
Eminem safely across the gap.
He holds on tight.
227
00:16:35,261 --> 00:16:38,097
Simon watches as the
rest of troop cross.
228
00:16:51,277 --> 00:16:54,614
Anna’s research has shown
that of all baboon species,
229
00:16:54,647 --> 00:16:57,083
Kindas are the most at home
in the trees.
230
00:16:58,317 --> 00:17:00,152
(CHITTERING)
231
00:17:00,186 --> 00:17:03,389
It’s another trait that sets
them apart from their cousins.
232
00:17:07,226 --> 00:17:11,397
But some have spent
too long drinking acacia sap.
233
00:17:11,430 --> 00:17:15,034
ANNA: They were late
to come into their roosts.
234
00:17:15,067 --> 00:17:19,805
So it’s dark now and
they can’t see one another.
235
00:17:19,839 --> 00:17:24,344
Their vision is
much like ours and making the
jump when you can’t see
236
00:17:24,377 --> 00:17:27,247
is a whole different
ball game.
237
00:17:27,280 --> 00:17:30,683
ANNA: The sound
we’re hearing, it’s Fleet.
238
00:17:30,716 --> 00:17:34,286
He’s too scared to jump
without Freda, his mom.
239
00:17:34,320 --> 00:17:37,557
Mom Freda has
already crossed.
240
00:17:37,590 --> 00:17:41,461
Juvenile Fleet now has
to make the jump in the dark,
241
00:17:41,494 --> 00:17:43,830
without his mom’s guidance.
242
00:17:43,863 --> 00:17:45,798
ANNA: This is quite
stressful to watch.
243
00:17:46,899 --> 00:17:48,100
(FLEET SCREECHES)
244
00:17:53,506 --> 00:17:54,574
He’s made it.
245
00:18:02,181 --> 00:18:05,718
NARRATOR:
Next morning the team’s
at the roost site before dawn.
246
00:18:11,190 --> 00:18:14,293
Kasanka can get cold at this
time of year.
247
00:18:14,327 --> 00:18:17,797
It’s only 46 degrees
when the baboons wake up.
248
00:18:19,799 --> 00:18:23,536
Kinda have longer hair than
their yellow baboon cousins.
249
00:18:23,569 --> 00:18:27,606
But they also have another
way of getting warmed up
for the day ahead.
250
00:18:29,308 --> 00:18:31,177
(MARLEY SPEAKING)
251
00:18:39,552 --> 00:18:44,824
Play not only helps
them to warm up but builds
their important social bonds.
252
00:18:51,931 --> 00:18:57,437
Seeing who plays with whom
is another clue to Kinda
baboon cohesiveness.
253
00:18:58,738 --> 00:19:00,139
(CHITTERING PLAYFULLY)
254
00:19:06,812 --> 00:19:10,516
Once they’re warmed up the
troop is soon off foraging.
255
00:19:13,552 --> 00:19:16,688
As the team tries to catch up,
they’re in for a shock.
256
00:19:21,894 --> 00:19:26,198
For some, baboons represent
not family but food.
257
00:19:28,200 --> 00:19:32,204
Kasanka is surrounded by
villages.
258
00:19:32,238 --> 00:19:36,309
So people, they come here
to hunt.
259
00:19:36,342 --> 00:19:38,344
To hunt baboons with the dogs.
260
00:19:38,377 --> 00:19:42,815
Sometimes baboons are being
caught in wire snares.
261
00:19:42,848 --> 00:19:46,618
They were eating eggs,
but it’s not hot at all.
262
00:19:46,652 --> 00:19:47,653
(MARLEY SPEAKING)
263
00:19:51,691 --> 00:19:54,627
ANNA: OK.
264
00:19:54,660 --> 00:19:57,363
ANNA: Any other signs?
Should we check for
some snares?
265
00:20:01,667 --> 00:20:06,739
Marley finds a
sinister sign that confirms
this is a poacher’s camp.
266
00:20:16,415 --> 00:20:19,952
The puku skull has
been left as a marker to help
poachers
267
00:20:19,985 --> 00:20:22,321
find their way back
to their camp.
268
00:20:29,395 --> 00:20:31,530
Papa inform.
Papa inform.
269
00:20:31,564 --> 00:20:36,536
We have come across
a new campsite for
poachers, over.
270
00:20:36,569 --> 00:20:40,773
Marley and Kennedy
are armed, and as well as
studying the baboons,
271
00:20:40,806 --> 00:20:42,975
they are here
to help protect them.
272
00:20:44,844 --> 00:20:48,314
Had some really hard
experiences with, you know,
273
00:20:48,347 --> 00:20:54,320
a male that we had...
I had in the beginning
disappeared, and um...
274
00:20:54,353 --> 00:20:57,790
He was poached
and it was very, very
distressing.
275
00:20:57,823 --> 00:20:59,658
Very upsetting.
276
00:20:59,692 --> 00:21:02,728
We all find that quite hard.
277
00:21:02,762 --> 00:21:06,299
With the poaching
camp reported to the National
Park authorities,
278
00:21:06,332 --> 00:21:08,634
the team can
continue its search
for the troop.
279
00:21:12,004 --> 00:21:13,973
They don’t have to go far.
280
00:21:17,877 --> 00:21:21,447
Thankfully the whole family
is accounted for.
281
00:21:21,480 --> 00:21:24,483
What the baboons seemed
to have done yesterday,
282
00:21:24,517 --> 00:21:28,755
is moved out of their core
range, which is
a much safer area for them.
283
00:21:28,788 --> 00:21:30,757
In the woodland
we’re in today
284
00:21:30,790 --> 00:21:34,360
there’s always a lot of
poaching activity.
285
00:21:34,393 --> 00:21:37,563
It’s the height
of the dry season
in central Zambia,
286
00:21:37,596 --> 00:21:40,532
the baboons’ toughest time
of year.
287
00:21:40,566 --> 00:21:46,806
Food is scarce and the troop
is forced to expand its range
to gather enough to eat.
288
00:21:46,839 --> 00:21:51,610
That can take them
closer to villages.
Closer to danger.
289
00:21:51,644 --> 00:21:54,580
ANNA: I find it
extremely frustrating
290
00:21:54,613 --> 00:21:58,484
that the poachers are here
and the baboons have to
come here.
291
00:21:58,517 --> 00:22:04,757
It’s such an unsafe area but,
you know, they have to
risk it to continue to feed.
292
00:22:04,790 --> 00:22:09,728
For now Simon,
Madonna and the rest
of the troop seem safe
293
00:22:09,762 --> 00:22:14,000
but the team will
be on red-alert.
294
00:22:14,033 --> 00:22:19,839
The large grass plains that
border Kasanka’s woodlands
are dotted with oases of trees
295
00:22:19,872 --> 00:22:23,642
filled with nutritious
seed pods.
296
00:22:23,676 --> 00:22:26,879
They’re a good protein source
at this time of year,
297
00:22:26,912 --> 00:22:30,416
but first, the baboons have
to get to them.
298
00:22:33,719 --> 00:22:37,423
Keeping everyone
in sight is important.
299
00:22:37,456 --> 00:22:41,060
Baboons’ close-set eyes give
them good binocular vision,
300
00:22:41,093 --> 00:22:45,764
perfect for seeing each other
from a distance.
301
00:22:45,798 --> 00:22:50,870
But in the long grass
it’s not so easy when
you’re only two feet tall.
302
00:22:55,207 --> 00:22:57,543
The Kinda have a strategy
to cope.
303
00:23:28,474 --> 00:23:31,777
It might look amusing
but this spy-hopping
behavior
304
00:23:31,810 --> 00:23:34,680
helps them stay safe.
305
00:23:34,713 --> 00:23:39,618
Getting separated from the
troop is bad news and jumping
like this is a great way
306
00:23:39,652 --> 00:23:41,821
to keep an eye on everyone.
307
00:23:44,690 --> 00:23:48,827
Safely across, Simon and
the rest of the troop enjoy
a feast.
308
00:23:56,035 --> 00:23:59,005
The pods are as tough
as old leather.
309
00:23:59,038 --> 00:24:02,208
But with their huge canine
teeth and powerful jaws
310
00:24:02,241 --> 00:24:04,677
the troop can get
through hundreds in a day.
311
00:24:09,214 --> 00:24:13,985
Just like hamsters,
Kinda baboons can store food
inside cheek pouches
312
00:24:14,019 --> 00:24:16,555
which hold as much
as their stomachs.
313
00:24:20,125 --> 00:24:24,763
The Kinda supersize their
takeout meals whenever
they get the chance.
314
00:24:30,102 --> 00:24:33,772
As the day heats up feeding
gives way to grooming.
315
00:24:39,244 --> 00:24:43,682
It’s a good way to remove
parasites and keep fur clean,
316
00:24:43,716 --> 00:24:46,986
but grooming also plays
a far more important role.
317
00:24:52,624 --> 00:24:57,796
It’s one of the key ways
baboons maintain hierarchy
and grow new friendships.
318
00:25:08,774 --> 00:25:13,045
Being allowed to groom someone
of a higher social status
is quite an honor.
319
00:25:22,021 --> 00:25:25,958
Simon is only interested
in grooming
one troop member...
320
00:25:25,991 --> 00:25:29,261
Madonna.
But she’s keeping him
at arm’s length.
321
00:25:32,231 --> 00:25:33,966
She’s coming into season.
322
00:25:36,068 --> 00:25:39,138
ANNA: Her swelling is...
Is much larger.
323
00:25:39,171 --> 00:25:42,608
He’s having to stay
very close.
324
00:25:42,641 --> 00:25:44,877
He needs
to make sure other males
325
00:25:44,910 --> 00:25:47,946
don’t make any
unwanted advances.
326
00:25:47,980 --> 00:25:52,718
It’s very stressful
for the male when a female’s
swelling
327
00:25:52,751 --> 00:25:56,688
because he has to always
move when she moves.
328
00:25:56,722 --> 00:26:03,229
Now Madonna’s gotten up
so Simon has to get up too
and follow her.
329
00:26:03,262 --> 00:26:06,999
It takes a lot of energy.
Get less time to feed.
330
00:26:10,903 --> 00:26:14,774
Simon’s behavior
is subtle, but with thousands
of hours of
331
00:26:14,807 --> 00:26:20,946
observations under her belt,
Anna can read his most nuanced
body language.
332
00:26:20,979 --> 00:26:25,350
His proximity to Madonna
is a signal to all the other
males in the troop
333
00:26:25,384 --> 00:26:28,587
that Madonna
is earmarked for him.
334
00:26:32,257 --> 00:26:35,360
Spending so much time
with this peaceful group
of primates
335
00:26:35,394 --> 00:26:38,230
in their wilderness home
can be idyllic.
336
00:26:41,100 --> 00:26:45,271
But sometimes they’re reminded
of the harsh realities
of the wild.
337
00:26:48,207 --> 00:26:53,913
Smelling something that’s dead
or something that’s rotting,
like rotting flesh, um...
338
00:26:53,946 --> 00:26:55,314
Ugh.
339
00:27:02,221 --> 00:27:03,923
(COUGHS)
340
00:27:06,758 --> 00:27:09,661
Oh, no! Oh, goodness.
341
00:27:11,196 --> 00:27:13,365
NARRATOR:
It’s a rare type of antelope.
342
00:27:15,667 --> 00:27:19,271
Marley, is it natural?
343
00:27:19,304 --> 00:27:21,173
Is there a snare?
344
00:27:39,892 --> 00:27:41,827
You think it was shot?
345
00:27:41,860 --> 00:27:46,365
Could it have been from...
How many days old?
346
00:27:46,398 --> 00:27:51,236
Should be
two to three days.
347
00:27:51,270 --> 00:27:53,906
Same as the poaching camp
we found today.
348
00:27:53,939 --> 00:27:55,340
MARLEY: I think so, yeah.
(ANNA SCOFFS)
349
00:27:58,310 --> 00:28:00,846
It seems
the sitatunga was only
wounded
350
00:28:00,879 --> 00:28:04,416
by the poacher’s bullet
and so escaped
the cooking pot.
351
00:28:04,449 --> 00:28:06,918
But its injuries
were too severe.
352
00:28:10,355 --> 00:28:13,391
It’s so sad.
They’re such beautiful
animals.
353
00:28:13,425 --> 00:28:16,428
And just, sometimes we catch
them here at the edge
of the swamp.
354
00:28:16,461 --> 00:28:20,298
I had such a close encounter
once when I was with the
baboons.
355
00:28:20,332 --> 00:28:22,067
MARLEY: Stupid poachers.
356
00:28:25,070 --> 00:28:30,842
It’s a stark
reminder of the dangers all
wild animals face here.
357
00:28:30,876 --> 00:28:33,812
ANNA: We’ll go back
to radio, yeah? OK.
358
00:28:33,845 --> 00:28:37,415
This is... Yeah,
exactly the reality
of poaching.
359
00:28:37,449 --> 00:28:41,186
Sometimes it feels like
a war we’ll never win.
360
00:28:41,220 --> 00:28:45,157
This is part of the reason
why we do what we do.
361
00:28:46,158 --> 00:28:48,327
Um... But.
362
00:28:49,361 --> 00:28:52,197
When they succeed,
363
00:28:52,231 --> 00:28:55,301
it can feel really
disheartening.
364
00:29:09,047 --> 00:29:13,752
The next day,
Marley and Kennedy follow the
troop to the edge of a swamp.
365
00:29:21,260 --> 00:29:25,397
This marshland full of
papyrus plants is the only
water source left
366
00:29:25,430 --> 00:29:28,066
for the baboons during
the dry season.
367
00:29:41,380 --> 00:29:44,283
Juicy shoots are an
easy snack,
368
00:29:44,316 --> 00:29:49,254
and with a little more effort
there are also nutritious
bulbs in the ground.
369
00:29:56,228 --> 00:29:59,832
Simon is still keeping
a watchful eye on Madonna.
370
00:30:04,936 --> 00:30:09,340
Her swelling is even more
pronounced and she’s almost
ready to mate.
371
00:30:29,127 --> 00:30:34,165
Simon follows her into
the trees, but it seems
Madonna has eyes
372
00:30:34,199 --> 00:30:36,535
for a new man...
373
00:30:36,568 --> 00:30:40,338
Kennedy, the low-ranking male,
who has recently
joined the troop.
374
00:30:41,573 --> 00:30:45,544
Madonna, it seems,
is quite the tease.
375
00:30:45,577 --> 00:30:49,281
She sits above Kennedy
to give him a good view
of her swelling.
376
00:30:50,182 --> 00:30:51,183
(MARLEY SPEAKING)
377
00:30:56,321 --> 00:31:00,592
Kennedy knows the rules.
Madonna is Simon’s female.
378
00:31:04,429 --> 00:31:08,300
But the prospect of mating
with a stranger
is attractive to Madonna.
379
00:31:10,335 --> 00:31:11,336
(MARLEY SPEAKING)
380
00:31:18,210 --> 00:31:22,414
She instinctively knows
that it will mix up the gene
pool and is a good way
381
00:31:22,447 --> 00:31:25,517
to ensure a strong
and healthy offspring.
382
00:31:26,485 --> 00:31:27,486
(MARLEY SPEAKING)
383
00:31:32,157 --> 00:31:35,494
Kennedy is stuck
in an awkward love triangle.
384
00:31:51,243 --> 00:31:54,646
NARRATOR:
Moving towards his rival,
making Kennedy back off,
385
00:31:54,679 --> 00:32:00,985
is Simon’s way of telling him,
"Don’t get any ideas."
386
00:32:01,019 --> 00:32:05,357
In other baboon species
this would be an aggressive
display of dominance.
387
00:32:05,390 --> 00:32:08,326
Teeth would be bared
and fur would fly.
388
00:32:10,429 --> 00:32:14,934
But among kindly Kindas,
the interaction is much
more polite.
389
00:32:20,238 --> 00:32:22,307
Madonna’s flirting goes on.
390
00:32:29,414 --> 00:32:33,551
Simon gently shoos off
Kennedy for a second time.
391
00:32:33,585 --> 00:32:34,586
(CHITTERING)
392
00:32:37,422 --> 00:32:40,225
Madonna is proving to be
high maintenance.
393
00:32:40,258 --> 00:32:45,196
But her priority is to secure
the best dad for her
next baby.
394
00:32:53,772 --> 00:32:57,676
This season there have
been seven new additions
to the troop.
395
00:32:57,709 --> 00:33:00,378
Each baby inherits
its mother’s rank...
396
00:33:00,412 --> 00:33:05,317
But it takes a while to work
out your place in the world.
397
00:33:05,350 --> 00:33:09,221
Older youngsters play
to socialize and learn
the skills needed
398
00:33:09,254 --> 00:33:10,822
for baboon life.
399
00:33:10,856 --> 00:33:15,327
At only nine months old,
they are already accomplished
acrobats.
400
00:33:19,130 --> 00:33:24,235
New babies like to play with
these older youngsters to
learn the tricks of the trade.
401
00:33:24,269 --> 00:33:26,438
(CHITTERING)
402
00:33:37,249 --> 00:33:39,051
But it’s not always easy.
403
00:33:45,423 --> 00:33:50,295
They’re only four weeks old
but already Eminem and Israel
are beginning to strike out
404
00:33:50,328 --> 00:33:53,298
on their own.
405
00:33:53,331 --> 00:33:59,470
Their mothers Ella and Indigo
are now giving them
more freedom to explore.
406
00:33:59,504 --> 00:34:03,308
Israel is the more cautious
of the two and hangs back,
407
00:34:03,341 --> 00:34:06,244
but Eminem is getting
bolder by the hour...
408
00:34:14,719 --> 00:34:15,753
(CHITTERING)
409
00:34:22,360 --> 00:34:25,396
He’s 20 feet up
and still climbing.
410
00:34:31,770 --> 00:34:35,707
His little hands and feet
aren’t used to gripping
branches so tightly
411
00:34:35,740 --> 00:34:37,275
for so long.
412
00:34:49,888 --> 00:34:51,857
Eminem hits the ground.
413
00:34:55,493 --> 00:34:58,363
His mom’s rapid reaction
shows it’s serious.
414
00:35:02,367 --> 00:35:04,469
It’s a dry time.
415
00:35:04,502 --> 00:35:08,439
So where he landed,
it’s very hard.
416
00:35:08,473 --> 00:35:12,844
An infant at that age...
I’ve never seen that.
417
00:35:21,486 --> 00:35:25,256
NARRATOR:
Shaken, the whole troop
vanishes into the thickets.
418
00:35:31,262 --> 00:35:36,701
Unable to pick up their trail,
Anna and Marley will have an
anxious wait till morning
419
00:35:36,735 --> 00:35:39,137
to find out if Eminem is OK.
420
00:35:46,945 --> 00:35:51,183
As soon as it’s light
they’re back out searching
for baby Eminem.
421
00:35:53,518 --> 00:35:55,754
ANNA: Oh, there.
They’re coming out.
422
00:35:57,589 --> 00:35:59,858
NARRATOR:
The troop hasn’t moved
far this morning,
423
00:35:59,891 --> 00:36:02,594
which could
be a sign that something’s
wrong.
424
00:36:03,862 --> 00:36:07,232
ANNA: I want to see
Eminem.
425
00:36:07,265 --> 00:36:13,538
With so many
baboons on the road, it’s hard
to see who’s who.
426
00:36:20,912 --> 00:36:23,448
ANNA: Oh, yeah?
Oh, thank goodness.
427
00:36:25,417 --> 00:36:27,185
(ANNA CHUCKLES)
428
00:36:27,218 --> 00:36:31,322
He’s fine.
He’s bouncing around.
Playing with other infants.
429
00:36:31,356 --> 00:36:35,227
I thought Ella might be
a bit nervous after the fall
yesterday, but...
430
00:36:36,261 --> 00:36:39,297
They seem OK.
431
00:36:39,330 --> 00:36:45,336
Baby baboons
are resilient
but there’s a lot to learn.
432
00:36:45,370 --> 00:36:48,974
Hopefully Eminem’s fall
has knocked some sense
into him.
433
00:36:51,776 --> 00:36:56,881
Crisis over, normal service
resumes and Anna and Marley
start to analyze
434
00:36:56,915 --> 00:36:59,785
who’s socializing with whom.
435
00:36:59,818 --> 00:37:03,221
ANNA: We’ve got Tina.
MARLEY: Mmm-hmm, yeah.
436
00:37:03,254 --> 00:37:04,255
ANNA: That’s awesome.
437
00:37:07,358 --> 00:37:10,628
ANNA: OK.
438
00:37:10,662 --> 00:37:16,301
Kinda baboons are an
easygoing lot but they do
occasionally get fired up.
439
00:37:16,334 --> 00:37:17,769
(SQUAWKING)
440
00:37:19,804 --> 00:37:22,907
These calls only
mean one thing...
441
00:37:25,343 --> 00:37:27,645
Predator.
442
00:37:27,679 --> 00:37:32,617
It’s the babies’ cue to
scurry straight back to mom.
443
00:37:32,650 --> 00:37:37,889
With a wingspan of over
eight feet and talons
as big as man’s hand,
444
00:37:37,922 --> 00:37:41,559
the martial eagle
is a Kinda killer.
445
00:37:41,593 --> 00:37:44,563
ANNA: All the babies are
back with their moms,
that’s for sure.
446
00:37:44,596 --> 00:37:47,599
MARLEY: Yeah.
ANNA: The alarm call worked.
447
00:37:47,632 --> 00:37:50,468
NARRATOR:
Snuggled up against their
moms’ pale tummies,
448
00:37:50,502 --> 00:37:54,573
the babies’ conspicuous
white fur turns
into camouflage.
449
00:37:56,474 --> 00:37:58,843
This drill has been another
lesson for Eminem
450
00:37:58,877 --> 00:38:01,546
and the rest
of the youngsters.
451
00:38:01,579 --> 00:38:05,550
Listen to the troop
and trust your elders.
It could save your life.
452
00:38:09,754 --> 00:38:14,459
Further along the road
Rachel waits patiently.
453
00:38:14,492 --> 00:38:17,462
We’ve got Rihanna here,
she’s eating a monkey orange.
454
00:38:17,495 --> 00:38:20,932
And this is Guns just here.
He approached her.
455
00:38:20,965 --> 00:38:23,901
Very friendly, these two.
I think that they...
456
00:38:23,935 --> 00:38:27,605
Could even be cousins.
Maybe their mothers
were sisters.
457
00:38:27,639 --> 00:38:31,076
But what has actually happened
is that Iggy,
who was here earlier,
458
00:38:31,109 --> 00:38:32,944
he’s the same age
as these two.
459
00:38:32,977 --> 00:38:35,613
He actually...
He’s pooed,
and I want to collect it,
460
00:38:35,647 --> 00:38:38,683
so I’m waiting for these
two to move so I can
collect it.
461
00:38:38,716 --> 00:38:41,686
Because if I go towards them,
I will displace them,
462
00:38:41,719 --> 00:38:45,690
and that behavior
is unnatural.
It’s not natural.
463
00:38:45,723 --> 00:38:49,093
The whole point of our
research is to observe them
and try and not disturb them
464
00:38:49,127 --> 00:38:50,829
as much as possible.
465
00:38:52,897 --> 00:38:57,568
Rihanna’s moved
but he’s just right in
front of Guns in the road.
466
00:38:57,602 --> 00:39:00,038
(CHUCKLES) When he moves,
I can go and get it.
467
00:39:00,071 --> 00:39:02,440
Until then, I cannot.
468
00:39:12,483 --> 00:39:13,851
At long last...
469
00:39:15,119 --> 00:39:16,320
It’s just here.
470
00:39:25,463 --> 00:39:29,467
So we take the fecal matter
from the outside.
471
00:39:34,706 --> 00:39:36,374
That’s about all you need.
472
00:39:37,675 --> 00:39:41,879
I always get very excited
by poo.
473
00:39:41,913 --> 00:39:45,917
It’s another
important sample
for the collection.
474
00:39:52,790 --> 00:39:56,894
The team settles back into
the rhythm at Kinda camp.
475
00:39:56,928 --> 00:40:01,833
Up at dawn and spending
the day moving gently through
the bush following the troop.
476
00:40:06,938 --> 00:40:10,408
Anna is still shadowing
Simon and Madonna.
477
00:40:12,110 --> 00:40:17,115
Interloper Kennedy
is nowhere to be seen.
478
00:40:17,148 --> 00:40:22,754
Madonna seems to have chosen
familiarity over the exotic
charms of a stranger,
479
00:40:24,722 --> 00:40:27,692
but the course of true love
never did run smooth.
480
00:40:32,931 --> 00:40:37,569
Madonna’s younger brother,
two-and-a-half-year-old Mitch,
sits close by.
481
00:40:39,070 --> 00:40:42,106
And when Simon decides
the time is right...
482
00:40:42,140 --> 00:40:43,708
(SCREAMING)
483
00:40:43,741 --> 00:40:46,544
Mitch screams in distress.
484
00:40:46,577 --> 00:40:48,212
It’s off-putting to say
the least.
485
00:40:50,682 --> 00:40:54,853
This is very unusual
in the normally docile
Kinda baboons,
486
00:40:54,886 --> 00:40:59,023
and not something
the team has seen before.
487
00:40:59,057 --> 00:41:01,826
(SCREECHING LOUDLY)
488
00:41:05,964 --> 00:41:09,634
Little Mitch is too young
to be in competition
with Simon,
489
00:41:09,667 --> 00:41:13,004
so it’s not an aggressive
show of dominance.
490
00:41:13,037 --> 00:41:17,542
It seems he’s mistaken
Simon’s amorous advances
for an attack.
491
00:41:19,210 --> 00:41:22,180
Mitch is being protective
of his older sister.
492
00:41:25,583 --> 00:41:30,054
This is new behavior
not recorded in Kinda baboons
before.
493
00:41:30,088 --> 00:41:34,092
It’s an exciting discovery
for the team.
494
00:41:34,125 --> 00:41:37,061
But increasingly
frustrating for Simon.
495
00:41:48,673 --> 00:41:50,708
Strangers are in the park.
496
00:41:59,984 --> 00:42:03,921
Fire spreads fast
in the tinder-dry grasslands.
497
00:42:34,786 --> 00:42:38,890
But these fire-starters
are no threat.
498
00:42:38,923 --> 00:42:43,928
They’re paid specialists...
Using fire as a tool
to protect wildlife.
499
00:42:50,068 --> 00:42:53,305
It’s actually very beneficial
to the baboons.
500
00:42:55,306 --> 00:42:59,877
It hasn’t rained
for several months.
501
00:42:59,911 --> 00:43:03,248
It’s hot, there’s not a lot
of food.
They’re having to dig, um,
502
00:43:03,281 --> 00:43:09,087
use a lot of energy
everyday just to get
enough food.
503
00:43:09,120 --> 00:43:13,958
After the fire comes
across within, you know,
a few days
504
00:43:13,991 --> 00:43:17,595
flowers blossom,
fresh grass roots come up.
505
00:43:19,397 --> 00:43:22,066
In addition
to stimulating
new plant growth,
506
00:43:22,100 --> 00:43:27,305
controlled burning is also a
way of keeping a step ahead
of the poachers.
507
00:43:27,338 --> 00:43:33,311
ANNA: If it’s not burned now,
then a poacher can light a
fire later in the dry season
508
00:43:33,344 --> 00:43:38,049
and it would just destroy
all of the wildlife here
in the park.
509
00:44:02,473 --> 00:44:06,077
Anna and her team
have reached a milestone
in their research.
510
00:44:08,713 --> 00:44:12,083
This is the 500th
fecal sample
they’ve collected
511
00:44:12,116 --> 00:44:14,719
since the project began
six years ago.
512
00:44:19,023 --> 00:44:22,994
Thousands of hours of patient
collecting are building a
treasure trove
513
00:44:23,027 --> 00:44:24,295
of baboon genetics.
514
00:44:27,231 --> 00:44:32,703
We really opened a whole
different understanding of
what is going on
515
00:44:32,737 --> 00:44:36,174
that we can’t answer
without the genetics.
They’re key.
516
00:44:36,207 --> 00:44:38,242
It’s going to be
absolutely illuminating.
517
00:44:40,478 --> 00:44:44,148
Baboons live
a long time, up to 30 years,
518
00:44:44,182 --> 00:44:47,819
and Anna wants her work here
to be a long-term study.
519
00:44:49,854 --> 00:44:52,423
This is just the beginning.
520
00:45:08,773 --> 00:45:13,211
Simon and Madonna have
finally found some time
together away from the troop.
521
00:45:16,013 --> 00:45:19,250
She’s accepted his advances
and allows him to groom her.
522
00:45:21,319 --> 00:45:26,424
It’s strong confirmation
of their continuing
relationship.
523
00:45:26,457 --> 00:45:28,960
Adult males
and females are having
524
00:45:28,993 --> 00:45:32,430
these very strong bonds
lasting over several years.
525
00:45:32,463 --> 00:45:36,767
The males are initiating
and maintaining these
relationships.
526
00:45:39,003 --> 00:45:41,906
At last the time
is right for Simon.
527
00:45:41,939 --> 00:45:44,408
There’s no younger sibling
around to interrupt,
528
00:45:44,442 --> 00:45:47,412
and Madonna is finally
ready to mate.
529
00:45:56,520 --> 00:46:02,226
Madonna grooms Simon.
It’s a sure sign of the bond
they’ve now formed.
530
00:46:10,935 --> 00:46:15,106
By observing interactions
like this Anna and her team
have built up
531
00:46:15,139 --> 00:46:20,077
an amazing understanding
of the complexities
of these baboons’ lives.
532
00:46:20,111 --> 00:46:23,181
They seem to stick
with the same females
533
00:46:23,214 --> 00:46:25,416
for multiple years
and multiple births,
534
00:46:25,449 --> 00:46:29,954
and that’s quite, quite
different from other
baboons.
535
00:46:29,987 --> 00:46:34,024
Madonna has made
a good choice.
Simon is a good father,
536
00:46:34,058 --> 00:46:37,128
proven to give time
to his families.
537
00:46:40,898 --> 00:46:45,503
This hands-on approach
to fatherhood is fundamental
to Kinda baboon society.
538
00:46:49,573 --> 00:46:53,043
Male baboons,
they protect their family.
539
00:46:53,077 --> 00:46:57,148
Makes sure his
offsprings are safe.
540
00:46:59,016 --> 00:47:01,385
How they grow up
their babies...
541
00:47:01,419 --> 00:47:05,857
The way they stay with
families.
542
00:47:05,890 --> 00:47:12,463
How they interact with
other members.
It’s good.
543
00:47:12,496 --> 00:47:15,366
It’s quite similar
like humans.
544
00:47:15,399 --> 00:47:20,404
NARRATOR:
These amiable baboons
stand apart from the rest.
545
00:47:20,438 --> 00:47:23,975
Long-lasting relationships,
devoted fathers,
546
00:47:24,008 --> 00:47:28,980
and a peaceful way of life
all help make Kinda baboons
who they are.
48373
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