All language subtitles for Evacuate.Earth.6of7.Hell.On.Earth

A freak cosmic collision.

A fatal shock to the Earth's interior.

Triggers all the world's volcanoes to
erupt.

This is a class one volcanic zone. In a
week, you will be dead.

Could humanity prevail?

Leading minds join forces.

To craft scientifically plausible
scenarios of Armageddon.

And find the secret to human salvation
in the

face of ultimate disaster.

Tickets, please.

Ticket.

There you go. We actually live in an
incredibly precarious place in the

We live on the outer layers of a ball of
molten rock that is itself a tiny speck

around a small star that's one of 200
billion stars in a galaxy that's

its way through a universe of 200
billion other galaxies.

Ticket.

There are all sorts of very fast, very
dangerous objects racing around out

in the galaxy.

And if they come into our neighborhood,
they will do some very real damage.

Just about all these objects reflect
light, so chances are we'd see them

from a very long way off.

There are other projectiles we would
never see coming, and one of those is

called a primordial black hole.

A primordial black hole does not reflect
any light.

Therefore, it's essentially invisible to
us.

What time will we be getting to Dayton?
30 minutes.

Thank you.

A primordial black hole is different
from these huge black holes we often

about. It's a theoretical space body
that we believe is left over from the

Bang.

It's a very, very small object. It can't
be smaller even than an atom.

And yet it's incredibly dense and heavy,
possessing perhaps one -tenth the mass

of the Earth. And with those properties,
if one of them was to collide with the

Earth, it could shoot through us like a
bullet through an apple.

Take it.

How big a hole is the primordial black
hole going to make in the Earth?

Well, the size of the atom is probably
going to make a hole about 100 yards, no

more, across.

Really quite a small hole, except it's
going to go all the way through the

planet.

It's going to hit the Earth at a very
high rate of speed, maybe 20 miles per

second. At that speed, it'll transit
through the entire body of the Earth and

come out the other side in about... Six
minutes.

This is Peter Pacific shipment R1817
from Perth. Position 32 -22

-109 -47.

We're seeing some kind of vortex or
something just flew out of the ocean.

There's a huge wave.

We're going to cap that.

Now as traumatic as this is, the planet
can probably take it.

Earth could probably absorb that kind of
impact.

The real problems emerge inside the
Earth.

moves through the planet, its
destructive power is going to release

amounts of energy.

The order of several hundred gigatons of
explosive energy.

The energy relief could be equivalent to
setting off as many as 100 ,000 atomic

bombs inside of the Earth.

That's a lot of energy, and that's going
to send shockwaves radiating out.

And when those shock waves hit the crust
of the Earth from the inside, it's

going to shake up our world in some very
deadly ways.

It is a volcanic disaster without
precedent. At least five active

around the world have erupted in the
last 24 hours.

Near Mexico City, hundreds have died
when steaming mudslides flowed into

homes.

An international coalition of geologists
is gathering in New York to review data

and present their findings.

Good morning. To briefly recap, four
days ago, we believe a very small

black hole shot through the center of
the Earth.

This event has caused a series of
shockwaves going through the Earth's

We've seen an unprecedented spike in
global volcanic activity.

And this is why those shockwaves are so
frightening. As they ripple out from the

Earth's core, they're going to impact
all the magma chambers in all the

volcanoes all over the Earth.

And that's going to drive those
volcanoes straight towards eruption.

People might not even be all that scared
at first.

Is this your first time to see raw lava
like this? Yeah.

It looks like you're having a lot of fun
with it.

Volcanoes are interesting, they're
exciting, and some may seek them out for

thrill.

The engine that makes the volcano erupt
is something we call the magma chamber.

And a magma chamber is a blob of molten
rock that lives inside or under a

volcano. And that molten rock comes from
Earth's mantle deep within the Earth.

It can get up to around 2 ,000 degrees
Fahrenheit.

And when it gets hot, it will melt and
hot things rise.

And so the melt from the mantle rises up
toward the surface of the Earth until

it reaches a place where it can't go up
any higher.

It sits there, and it stews and it
bubbles.

Now there's all this liquid rock
bubbling away under immense pressure,

there's gas mixed into the magma, and
that makes the pressure even greater.

Gas is always the biggest problem in
volcanoes.

And when you get enough gas collected
inside a magma chamber, it will blow up.

As the stress wave was to pass through a
magma body, it could cause bubbles to

grow as gases in that magma come out of
solution, and these bubbles cause a

massive increase in pressure in the
magma body.

Many volcanoes that have magma sitting
beneath them could be pushed to the

of eruption.

We anticipate that within the next six
months to a year, almost every major

volcanic system is going to experience
an event of a catastrophic scale.

The key concern now is the world's super
volcanoes.

Lake Taupo in New Zealand, Lake Toba in
Indonesia, Campi Flegrei in Italy,

and here, of course, in the U .S.,
Yellowstone.

A supervolcano is one that would erupt
somewhere between hundreds of cubic

or thousands of cubic kilometers of
material within a short time, days to

That's a lot of stuff.

The explosive power of a supervolcano
may be up to a thousand times the power

the atomic bomb that was dropped in
Hiroshima.

We think there are around a dozen
supervolcanoes on Earth.

If one of them went off, that would have
global effect.

It's going to throw the world into
financial and biological chaos.

More than one super eruption would throw
us back into the Stone Age.

Our top priority now is to try and
predict when these systems could erupt.

How can we do it?

How can we get enough inside information
about a volcano to know when it will

erupt and how big, how deadly that
eruption will be?

And these are questions we can answer by
imaging the magma chamber and trying to

understand its shape and dimensions.

It's 236 and 237.

But there is a brand new technology that
helps us do just that.

It's basically an MRI for volcanoes.

It creates images using tiny particles
called muons.

Muons are subatomic particles that are
created constantly in the Earth's

atmosphere as we are bombarded with
cosmic radiation from space.

And even as we're sitting here,
thousands of these muons will have been

through my body.

A muon detector is placed at the base of
a volcano to detect the muons that are

passing through it. And by measuring the
difference in the intensity of these

particles, we can build up a picture of
what's inside the volcano.

If you have all this information, then
you have probably a very good

understanding how close to an eruption a
volcano is.

are scrambling to retrieve reliable data
on the Earth's super volcanoes as the

world braces for a possible chain of
cataclysmic eruptions in the wake of a

collision with a subatomic black hole.

But even as we get a clearer picture of
what's churning inside the super

volcanoes, other problems will begin to
present themselves.

The Earth keeps a lot of nasty stuff
under its skin, and some of it will come

bubbling up in waves that we can't
anticipate.

So here's what we're up against. Due to
a rare cosmic phenomenon, a collision

with a primordial black hole has
agitated the Earth and shaken it up from

inside.

Besides causing a string of violent
volcanic eruptions, this event will

attacks from an invisible enemy known as
a limnic eruption.

A limnic eruption is essentially the
eruption of a volcanic lake.

They're extremely deadly because they're
very surprising.

And what happens is you get a volcano
that has a crater on top of it.

from a previous eruption, and if it's
located in an area that gets a lot of

rainfall, that crater will fill up with
water.

If the volcano contains a magma chamber
that has a lot of gas in it, the

gas bubbles, usually carbon dioxide,
will start to bubble out, and they get

the bottom of the lake, and they will
just build up there.

This is because the pressure at the
bottom of the lake is high enough that

instead of forming bubbles and escaping
into the atmosphere, the carbon dioxide

is able to become dissolved into the
lake water.

A shock wave from inside the earth will
agitate this gas -rich water like it's

shaking a can of soda.

Thousands of tons of gas come out of
pollution and bubble right to the

And when this is released
catastrophically from the surface of the

massive cloud of deadly CO2 can actually
flow downhill, displacing the air as it

goes.

And anybody caught in the wake of this
cloud will be suffocated.

It will kill indiscriminately all living
things that need oxygen for survival.

The only survivors will be probably
plants.

Officials say more than 25 ,000 people
are dead on the outskirts of Managua

after an eruption of carbon dioxide from
a nearby volcanic crater. Most of the

victims were sleeping when the eruption
occurred.

and had no warning.

Searchers are still finding bodies in
otherwise undisturbed homes.

A

big limnic

eruption will focus the world's
attention on what's coming next, the

volcano. Which ones are most likely to
explode? And how big will those

be?

The way that scientists categorize the
size of a volcanic eruption is using

something called the Volcanic
Explosivity Index.

This is sort of like a Richter scale for
a volcano.

An eruption that most people in the
United States are familiar with, or at

have heard of, is the eruption of Mount
St. Helens in 1980.

And that was a pretty destructive and
phenomenal eruption.

Around 64 people were killed by that
eruption.

So that 1980 eruption would have had a
volcano explosivity index of four.

The explosivity index of a supervolcano
would be on the order of eight or nine.

What you have to know to understand
these indices is that the steps between

numbers, so from six to seven or from
four to five, it's not just one time

larger. It is ten times larger.

So when we're talking of a supereruption
with an explosivity index of eight,

That's 10 ,000 times bigger than a Mount
St. Helens eruption.

Volcanoes don't typically erupt without
showing signs of their awakening

beforehand. It is usually possible to
give a forecast that an eruption is

becoming increasingly likely.

Magma that is starting to fracture a
path to the surface will start to break

rock above it, and these will cause
many, many earthquakes.

As earthquakes and other warning signs
of coming eruptions become more common,

the pressure will grow on governments to
take some kind of action, even

preventive action, to somehow use human
technologies to divert or defeat these

volcanoes.

People have tried all kinds of things to
try to stop volcanic eruptions, and

none of them have worked so far.

Dropping a nuclear bomb in a volcano
would be an extremely foolish thing to

It is possible that you could
destabilize the structure enough to

initiate an eruption.

A tiny black hole has collided with
Earth, shaking up the planet from the

inside.

And now, just about every volcano on
Earth is headed towards eruption.

And a few governments, out of sheer
desperation, are trying to do whatever

can to prevent this catastrophe.

There's really nothing humans can do to
change the behavior of a volcano.

We have no ability, zero ability to
prevent an eruption.

The only man -made device we have that
even approaches the forces inside a

volcano is a nuclear weapon.

So if you tried to use a nuclear weapon
to stop a volcanic eruption, it would

not work.

At best, you would hope for it to have
no effect, but it is possible that you

could destabilize the structure enough
to actually initiate an eruption.

In an ill -fated attempt to forestall a
volcanic eruption, The government of

North Korea detonated a nuclear device
inside Baikdu Mountain.

The effect was catastrophic, triggering
a major eruption.

An enormous cloud of radioactive ash and
steam has enveloped the North Korean

city of Chongjin.

Experts say there is little hope for the
city's 600 ,000 residents.

The Russian government has ordered its
fleet out of Vladivostok.

In Japan, evacuation plans are already
underway for the Kyushu Islands, where

eruptions from two separate volcanoes
could spell death for some 30 million

citizens.

When a volcano explodes, what you'd see
is this column of dark material rising

up into the sky.

And that's what we call volcanic ash.

Volcanic ash is not really ash at all.
It's made of very fine particles of

glass. It's frozen magma shards.

It would look like a snowfall, except
it's not snow, it's ash.

It weighs a lot more than snow. It's
going to cause buildings to collapse.

It is also very damaging to engines.

as it will clog up the air system, and
in the case of airplanes, can coat the

engines in a fine film of glass, which
stops them working.

When volcanic ash falls on power lines,
it can coat these lines in a fine layer

of volcanic dust.

When this becomes wet, it actually
becomes conductive, and this can short

the power lines, effectively shutting
down the grid.

So now we have a giant ash cloud
drifting out over East Asia.

And volcanic ash is catastrophic for
crop.

You've ruined the food chain for that
year and probably for many years in the

future.

If you live within a thousand miles of
an eruption, your environment could be

poisoned for years.

The only way you can live through that
kind of ash cloud is to seal yourself

away.

You'd have to create for yourself a
closed ecosystem, a mini -world that was

sealed off from everything else.

The term we use for this is a biosphere.

A biosphere is essentially something
that would simulate life on Earth in a

contained environment that might be able
to keep out all that's happening on the

planet and simulate within it all the
processes necessary to keep people,

plants, and animals alive.

Let's get down to the bare bones of it.

What do human beings need to thrive?

Air, water, food, shelter.

People have been working on biospheres
for actually several decades or longer.

The idea being the self -contained unit
totally sealed, grow its own food, its

own medicine. It could live without any
contact in the outside world.

Can we do this? Can we build a
completely enclosed world?

It might be our only hope.

Just like that.

And our whole world changed.

And there's not a place on this planet
you can hide from it.

Or maybe there is.

Maybe there's a safe place, a safe
haven.

The question is, who would fund the
biosphere?

It could be the government, but it could
also be a billionaire who has the

wisdom and the monetary wherewithal to
say, you know what, let's do this.

When the volcanism crisis hit, I had a
vision.

A vision of a new world.

In a habitat like safe haven, you have
to choose your food supply carefully to

maximize the nutrition you get for the
space you have available.

Ultimately, you might have to think
about limiting the population because

everyone has to eat. Now, this isn't
surviving.

This is living.

Any biosphere we'd want to construct
would have to be built very quickly, and

we'd have to get them up and running on
a very short timetable. Within a few

months, really.

The volcanoes won't give us very much
time to spare.

When they go off, every life on the
planet will be in danger.

The Earth is in crisis.

A tiny black hole has punched through
the planet and shaken up every volcano.

Now, the U .S. has its fair share of
volcanoes, especially in the West. But

crisis like this, all eyes will turn to
one place.

Yellowstone.

Yellowstone Park lies above a huge body
of magma that has been accumulating in

the Earth's crust at a depth of about 5
to 6 miles.

And this vast area of magma is about 25
to 50 miles across and could be

considered one of the most dangerous
volcanoes on the Earth today.

Every time something wiggles or breathes
or moves on Yellowstone, we're on it.

We've never seen Yellowstone erupt. We
don't know what its signals are. So

watching very, very carefully in the
hopes that we would be able to identify

signal of a big eruption.

We've got to get out of here.

Now, after weeks of waiting, warning
signs of eruption have been detected at

America's biggest supervolcano,
Yellowstone.

Think of the worst disaster you've ever
experienced or read about.

Yellowstone going off would make those
look like a walk in the park.

Millions of Americans across eight
states from the Central West are now

hoping to put some distance between
themselves and the volcanic catastrophe

may be coming within the next few days.

The Department of the Interior changed
the status of the pre -eruption

evacuation

to mandatory.

Come on in. Welcome to Safe Haven.

Hello, sweetheart.

Head on through.

At a certain point, the clock is just
going to run out.

There will be no time left to build
anything or come up with a new idea. The

solutions we put in place are the
solutions we're going to live with.

Even if there are still problems and
rough edges.

Communities like Safe Haven will be
available only to those few people who

buy their way in. But what about the
rest of us? What about the 99 %?

In this scenario, there's really only
one thing the government can do,

Many people will decide not to evacuate
or not to evacuate until it's almost too

late. If you saved all your life to buy
a house and you know that you're going

to lose that house, the decision to
evacuate or to follow the order might

as simple as we think.

Sir, this is a class one high risk
volcanic zone.

I'm not moving from here.

People are enormously attached to place.

We don't totally understand it. What you
don't understand is in a week, this

house will not be here. You will be
dead.

It is so strong.

First place, they won't leave.

Secondly, they will try to go back.

The fact is, human beings are as
unpredictable as volcanoes are.

When Mount St. Helens was about to
erupt, some people chose to stay.

The government had no system, no
protocol for forcing them to evacuate.

You don't mind working in the shadow of
the mountain, then? No, not at all.

There's nothing to be scared of.

A fair number of those people who stayed
died.

Most people, I think, in the world are
used to the fact that the government has

not saved them and does not do much for
them.

In this scenario, I think a lot of
people would look for their own

however improvised those solutions might
be.

An average adult requires about 1 .1
million calories annually to survive.

So it's possible to scrounge up enough
food to last for decades, but that's a

lot of scrounging.

Hey, Dad!

The world's landscape is sprinkled with
infrastructure that can in a pinch.

be used as improvised biospheres.

There are fallout shelters, grain silos,
industrial buildings. A lot of concrete

has been poured in the last 50 years.

And I think this is where everyday
people in small groups would try to

their lives.

If you could find a livable space
underground with breathable air that has

ash in it, drinkable water and a food
supply, you could last a very long time.

And you might need to be prepared to
wait 20 or 30 years.

The main caldera is heaving at an
incredible rate.

Yellowstone is going into full eruption.

If you are within range of this
broadcast, take shelter as quickly as

We have no way of knowing how long this
will last or how bad it's going to get.

It's being called the beginning of
the... The Yellowstone caldera has

and a national state of emergency has
been declared in the U .S. Assistance

coming in, ranging from medical
assistance to technical assistance.

If Yellowstone were to go off,

what would we experience?

Well, within...

A hundred to a thousand miles of
Yellowstone, there would be blankets of

meters, yards deep.

It would block out the daylight for a
few days in the western U .S. Anybody

living within a couple hundred miles,
dead.

Then those particles would be carried
towards the east coast.

And most likely they'd make it all the
way to the big cities along the eastern

seaboard and even across the Atlantic.

If you had billions of these ash
particles rubbing against each other in

atmosphere, that's generating a lot of
static electricity.

And so you could have the potential for
an electromagnetic pull.

That's a big relief of electric or
magnetic energy.

That's bad news.

Computers don't like electromagnetic
pulses.

We are so integrated into our cell
phones and the Internet, and that will

gone.

People will freak out. I mean, I think
there's going to be mass hysteria

there will be no way to communicate.

In a crisis like this, there will be
very few places in North America where

drinking water won't be contaminated by
ash.

At this point, by simply breathing,
you'll be inhaling pulverized ash

into your lungs.

We will be inhaling huge amounts of
quartz crystals, or you can look at them

being glass shards, which will penetrate
the lung tissue and stick to it.

We will develop a disease called
silicosis.

And its most acute form, acute
silicosis, is a very deadly disease with

high mortality.

Yellowstone will deal a devastating blow
to the U .S. population and will

threaten the survival of the U .S.
government.

We would need...

A lot of help from other countries to
get us through that. We would need

resources, food, fresh water.

There aren't too many other sources in
the world that could help feed and water

the population of the United States.

The United States government appealed to
the European Union for disaster relief.

Super eruptions of the Yellowstone and
Vales Calderas have paralyzed the

American West and northern Mexico.

Fighting has been reported in the port
of Oakland as desperate mobs have tried

to commandeer merchant vessels to escape
the Bay Area by sea. But the EU has

delayed its reply.

They are nervously eyeing their own
supervolcano.

Mites in Europe could be extinguished by
one system alone, the copy of Flegretti

Caldera near Naples.

Many people are familiar with Vesuvius
on the west coast of Italy, and this

volcano famously produced the eruption
that destroyed the Roman town of

However, the Bay of Naples itself is
actually a giant volcanic caldera called

Campi Flegrei. This is capable of
producing eruptions far in excess of the

of activity that we've seen from
Vesuvius.

When Vesuvius erupted in 79 AD, it
killed thousands of people. The main

from this volcano is something we call a
pyroclastic flow.

A pyroclastic flow is a red -hot mixture
of volcanic ash and gas that travels

across the land at several hundreds of
miles per hour and can travel tens to

hundreds of miles distant.

Extremely hot, up to about 1 ,500
degrees Fahrenheit.

One breath would really be all it would
take. You inhale something that hot,

it's going to burn your lungs, and when
your lungs are burned, they don't work.

If you can see a pyroplastic flow
coming, it is very likely that you're

to get out of its way. They literally
obliterate everything in their path.

You stand no chance of survival.

Oh, my God!

And what happens in the case of Campi
Flagelli, actually, is that people live.

inside the caldera.

It's going to be an enormous eruption.

If Campi Flegrei were to erupt, it would
be a lot worse than Vesuvius.

Once Yellowstone and Campi Flegrei have
erupted,

It's just a matter of time before the
other supervolcanoes erupt.

And that will be the ultimate test of
all our preparations for survival.

When the clock finally ticks down and
the supervolcano starts to erupt, that's

when our worst nightmares become real.

We're facing a real -life hell on earth.

Naples, Italy has been ravaged by the
eruption of the Campi Flegrei caldera.

100 ,000 residents are feared dead in
the grim echo of the destruction of

Pompeii 2 ,000 years ago. Only the far
-sighted evacuation of the city

a more chilling disaster.

That will be the end of one chapter of
life on Earth and the beginning of the

next one.

Agriculture will collapse.

Industry will collapse.

And in all likelihood, governments will
collapse.

Wildcat Station, New York. If you are in
range of this broadcast, stay away.

The city is deserted.

The ash from Iceland and Greenland is
six feet deep.

The refugee trail points south.

They say North Carolina is still pretty
clear.

We're talking about mass migration.

Even when there are very few options,
people are survivors. They're fighters.

And we'll keep moving, keep hunting for
a place that isn't yet poisoned.

A place where we can breathe.

find food.

But volcanoes have yet another lethal
trick, and that's the sulfur gas they

eject miles up into the stratosphere.

Sulfur is a very nasty gas in terms of
how it affects people and the Earth's

climate.

Sulfur can combine with oxygen and water
in the atmosphere and create sulfuric

acid. It can also create these little
aerosol droplets, little microscopic

droplets. They actually block the
incoming solar energy, so the sun's

never gets to the surface, and instead
it bounces back off the top of this

aerosol layer.

Volcanoes can cause global cooling.

It's called volcanic winter, and Earth
is going to become an extremely hostile

place to live.

So plants will die, animals will die,
and people will die.

Most of the life on the surface of this
planet as we know it would go extinct.

It just simply will die.

So who will survive?

There's a small percentage who bought
their way to safety.

But they're not as safe as they may
think.

Some of them won't make it either.

Remember,

the most important lesson we have in
self -enclosed living is that it's

unstable because humans are unstable.

In the famous Biosphere 2 experiment in
Arizona in 1991, the participants turned

on each other.

I cannot imagine that you're going to
have the optimum mix of

personality types in a circumstance like
this, where you have a lot of people

who are just there because they can buy
their way in. I think for a while, the

survival instinct is going to be pretty
high.

But over time, you know, we're people.

The conflict... and things that arise
whenever you have people around would be

really, really tough.

You step off now, or I'll step off.

In Biosphere 2, they experienced a
fairly rapid decline in the oxygen level

within the life support system, within
the dome.

There was some unexpected chemistry
happening because of the type of

they used to build the structure that
was keeping basically the closed -loop

life support system from being able to
get the oxygen back into the air from

carbon dioxide that the animals and the
people were exhaling.

And those are the kinds of things that
six months, eight months, Eight years

into the survival of whoever's inside
are going to make a big difference as to

whether they live or die

If

you

looked out 30 years after such an event
you'd see basically a barren world.

Animals would be virtually all dead. The
organisms that would sustain themselves

through such a process most likely will
be marine organisms.

The world we know would be gone.

To think of a few scrappy people
surviving, I think it's highly likely.

If you've got hundreds of millions of
people, there are going to be a few, and

mean a very few, that might be able to
make it through this by basically living

off whatever survives around them.

Life on this planet has gone through
many phases.

Dinosaurs were here for 100 million
years before they went extinct.

Humans have only been around for a very
short period of time.

But we're kind of different.

Our ability to manipulate the world
around ourselves, to find ways to

environments that wouldn't naturally
support us, are really incredible.

Even in the face of something so
cataclysmic, possibility exists for our

survival and our future.