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A morning like any other in Munich...
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00:00:28,738 --> 00:00:32,674
...a city where tradition and modernity
exist happily side by side.
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00:00:37,580 --> 00:00:40,606
This summer our beautiful city
plays host...
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00:00:40,683 --> 00:00:42,651
...to the 20th Olympic Games.
6
00:00:42,752 --> 00:00:46,381
There, in the center of the future
Olympic site, is the Olympic tower.
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00:00:46,456 --> 00:00:49,653
Next to it,
the Olympic arena.
8
00:00:55,565 --> 00:00:59,865
For many visitors,
Munich is a kind of German paradise.
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00:01:00,969 --> 00:01:03,494
We're sure that you'll agree.
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00:01:06,676 --> 00:01:11,636
Well, nobody could foresee
what later on happened.
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From the wires
of the AP and UPI.
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00:01:14,484 --> 00:01:17,817
Good afternoon.
This is Paul Mandel reporting.
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00:01:17,887 --> 00:01:19,479
Another deadline
has come and gone...
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00:01:19,589 --> 00:01:23,753
They had their hands tied in front of
them, their hands were tied like that.
15
00:01:23,827 --> 00:01:25,886
Quite a frightening experience.
16
00:01:25,995 --> 00:01:28,225
It wasn't any James Bond,
it was the real thing.
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00:01:28,298 --> 00:01:31,199
- I just want to know what happened.
- The Games must go on.
18
00:01:31,234 --> 00:01:34,431
The deadline appears, to us,
to be less than one minute away.
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00:01:34,504 --> 00:01:36,734
- Unbelievable.
- Spitz is a Jew, and it was feared...
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00:01:36,806 --> 00:01:38,797
...an attempt might be made
to seize him.
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00:01:38,908 --> 00:01:42,344
Behind them was an Arab guerilla
with some kind of weapon in his hand.
22
00:01:42,412 --> 00:01:44,346
All seems to be...
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00:02:08,972 --> 00:02:13,432
It was only a year and three months
that I was married to Andre Spitzer...
24
00:02:13,543 --> 00:02:16,478
...but it made such
an enormous impression on me...
25
00:02:16,546 --> 00:02:18,741
...sometimes it looks
like a lifetime.
26
00:02:22,886 --> 00:02:25,980
I went fencing, and he happened
to be my fencing master.
27
00:02:26,055 --> 00:02:28,717
I didn't know
he was from Israel at all.
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00:02:28,791 --> 00:02:31,282
He spoke Dutch,
but with a slight accent...
29
00:02:31,361 --> 00:02:34,762
...so I thought he maybe is from
Eastern Europe or something.
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00:02:34,797 --> 00:02:36,128
Ankie Spitzer...
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00:02:36,866 --> 00:02:39,130
He had something about him
which really appealed to me.
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00:02:40,803 --> 00:02:43,294
He was very much
at peace with himself...
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00:02:43,373 --> 00:02:45,364
...and also with
the people around him...
34
00:02:45,475 --> 00:02:47,067
and it was very attractive
to me because...
35
00:02:47,177 --> 00:02:50,340
I was not so at peace
with everyone and everybody...
36
00:02:50,413 --> 00:02:52,813
...and certainly not with myself.
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00:02:54,984 --> 00:02:59,182
Being the person that he was, it was
hard not to fall in love with him.
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00:03:17,307 --> 00:03:20,071
I am a member
of a Palestinian family...
39
00:03:20,143 --> 00:03:28,482
...which fled our village in Galilee
from Zionist gangs in 1948.
40
00:03:28,518 --> 00:03:31,419
As refugees, my family moved from
camp to camp...
41
00:03:31,454 --> 00:03:34,446
...before finally ending up
at the Chatila camp in Beirut.
42
00:03:35,225 --> 00:03:42,028
When I was growing up, I thought
there was no future for us...
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00:03:42,065 --> 00:03:45,125
...unless we returned to Palestine.
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00:03:45,235 --> 00:03:49,331
If we didn't return,
I would spend my whole life...
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00:03:49,439 --> 00:03:53,398
...as a refugee deprived of
any kind of human rights.
46
00:03:55,078 --> 00:03:58,172
So I joined
the liberation movement...
47
00:03:58,248 --> 00:04:01,614
...and was given a gun
and trained to use it.
48
00:04:01,683 --> 00:04:05,710
For the first time in my life I felt
inspired, I felt truly Palestinian...
49
00:04:05,787 --> 00:04:09,884
...that I wasn't
just a wretched refugee...
50
00:04:09,959 --> 00:04:14,123
...but a revolutionary
fighting for a cause.
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00:04:23,973 --> 00:04:27,272
I joined the revolution
since 1967.
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00:04:27,377 --> 00:04:31,404
- Which revolution?
- The Palestinian revolution.
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00:04:31,481 --> 00:04:35,247
It has affected the course
of the rest of my life.
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00:04:35,318 --> 00:04:39,084
You have only to look at the way
I have to do this interview...
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00:04:39,188 --> 00:04:41,088
...so many years later,
still in hiding.
56
00:04:51,301 --> 00:04:56,498
We lived in the northern border
between Lebanon and Israel...
57
00:04:56,604 --> 00:04:57,902
...and it was way out in nowhere...
58
00:04:58,006 --> 00:05:01,806
and they decided to have
their fencing academy there.
59
00:05:03,913 --> 00:05:07,110
He was going from town to town,
from village to village...
60
00:05:07,216 --> 00:05:09,150
...to try to teach the youngsters...
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00:05:09,218 --> 00:05:12,381
...through the art of fencing,
to have respect for each other...
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00:05:12,455 --> 00:05:15,083
...because fencing
is an aggressive sport.
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00:05:15,158 --> 00:05:18,286
You have a weapon in your hand.
You're going to attack somebody.
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00:05:18,361 --> 00:05:21,694
If you attack him right,
then you score a point.
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00:05:21,764 --> 00:05:24,164
But he tried
to teach the youngsters...
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00:05:24,233 --> 00:05:26,497
...how to channel that aggression...
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00:05:26,569 --> 00:05:29,402
...into respect for your opponent.
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00:05:34,877 --> 00:05:38,904
It was very tough living there, but I
remember that year we lived there...
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00:05:38,981 --> 00:05:42,849
...as the most beautiful
and most wonderful year of my life.
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00:06:07,877 --> 00:06:12,837
I did a few tours of duty
in training camps in Lebanon...
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00:06:14,117 --> 00:06:18,611
...and then the leadership sent us
to Libya for special training.
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00:06:28,498 --> 00:06:32,264
The training was hard and advanced.
73
00:06:32,335 --> 00:06:36,328
We were there for about one month.
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00:06:41,844 --> 00:06:48,306
It seemed to me we were
getting special training.
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00:06:52,355 --> 00:06:57,520
We began to get a feeling that
something big was underway.
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00:07:00,630 --> 00:07:03,326
He dreamt always to be once
at the Olympics.
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00:07:03,433 --> 00:07:05,492
Years before,
before I knew him...
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00:07:05,568 --> 00:07:09,060
...he said that he was thinking
about to get to the Olympics once...
79
00:07:09,138 --> 00:07:10,571
1972 Israeli Olympic Squad...
80
00:07:10,640 --> 00:07:13,837
...because, I think, for every athlete,
that's the climax of your career.
81
00:07:16,546 --> 00:07:18,605
For Andre and the rest
of the Israeli team...
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00:07:18,681 --> 00:07:22,276
...the 1972 Olympics held
a particular significance...
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00:07:22,351 --> 00:07:26,754
...because they were held in Munich,
Germany, the birthplace of Nazism.
84
00:07:29,592 --> 00:07:33,790
There was a feeling that this was
a huge event for the Israeli team...
85
00:07:33,863 --> 00:07:35,797
...to be coming and attending...
86
00:07:35,865 --> 00:07:38,265
...and therefore their presence
in the Olympic village...
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00:07:38,367 --> 00:07:40,858
...certainly their presence
in the opening ceremony...
88
00:07:40,970 --> 00:07:43,461
...when their team marched under the flag
of the Star of David...
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00:07:43,573 --> 00:07:45,700
...were very emotional moments.
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00:08:05,695 --> 00:08:09,096
The Germans saw the games
as an opportunity to erase...
91
00:08:09,131 --> 00:08:13,090
...the negative memories many still had
of the 1936 Berlin Olympics...
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00:08:13,202 --> 00:08:17,502
...which had been misused by the Nazis
for propaganda purposes.
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00:08:29,652 --> 00:08:32,348
Twenty-seven years
after the end of the war...
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00:08:32,421 --> 00:08:35,720
Munich was the ideal opportunity
to show the world...
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00:08:35,825 --> 00:08:39,090
...the new democratic face
of Germany.
96
00:09:14,363 --> 00:09:16,126
The friendliness was in overdrive.
97
00:09:16,198 --> 00:09:19,656
It was a massive attempt,
and it hit you straightaway...
98
00:09:19,769 --> 00:09:21,669
Gerald Seymour
ITN News Reporter...
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00:09:21,771 --> 00:09:23,898
...to appear open and modern
and shorn of their past.
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00:09:28,077 --> 00:09:31,979
To help promote this new
non-militaristic image of Germany...
101
00:09:32,081 --> 00:09:34,481
...security was kept deliberately lax.
102
00:09:34,584 --> 00:09:36,518
Police were banned
from the Olympic sites...
103
00:09:36,586 --> 00:09:40,989
...and in their place were
2,000 unarmed security officers...
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00:09:41,023 --> 00:09:44,618
...clad in specially designed outfits.
105
00:09:44,694 --> 00:09:45,574
Jacov Springer
Israeli Weightlifting Coach...
106
00:09:45,609 --> 00:09:46,454
Jacov Springer
Israeli Weightlifting Coach...
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00:09:46,529 --> 00:09:50,056
But for some of the Israeli team,
it was not so easy to erase the past.
108
00:09:52,602 --> 00:09:56,698
My father, he was five times
in the Olympic Games.
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00:09:56,806 --> 00:09:59,570
Five times is a special thing.
110
00:10:03,012 --> 00:10:06,914
He was born in Poland in 1921.
111
00:10:07,016 --> 00:10:10,452
His father was from Germany
originally...
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00:10:10,519 --> 00:10:14,615
...and thought that because he's speaking
German, nothing would happen to them.
113
00:10:14,724 --> 00:10:16,089
Alex Springer...
114
00:10:16,158 --> 00:10:19,719
So all the family stayed in Poland
during the war...
115
00:10:19,829 --> 00:10:21,990
...but my father ran to Russia.
116
00:10:22,064 --> 00:10:26,933
He didn't want to stay because he was
afraid something will happen to them.
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00:10:26,969 --> 00:10:29,233
And all the family...
118
00:10:29,338 --> 00:10:32,637
...his brothers, sisters
and his parents...
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00:10:32,742 --> 00:10:34,642
...were killed in Poland so...
120
00:10:34,744 --> 00:10:36,644
he was the only one who survived.
121
00:10:49,892 --> 00:10:51,985
Thirty-six years
after the Nazi Olympics...
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00:10:52,061 --> 00:10:55,189
Dachau, the first of the concentration
camps, was chosen as the site...
123
00:10:55,264 --> 00:10:57,824
...for an Olympic memorial service.
124
00:11:01,804 --> 00:11:03,897
The Israeli team
came to the service...
125
00:11:03,973 --> 00:11:07,602
...along with competitors
from most European countries.
126
00:11:07,677 --> 00:11:11,613
Dachau is just six miles
from the Munich stadium.
127
00:11:17,119 --> 00:11:20,247
I think it was very difficult
for him with the memories...
128
00:11:20,322 --> 00:11:24,622
...of his family
and what the Germans did to them.
129
00:11:24,694 --> 00:11:26,958
I think he felt this.
130
00:11:28,497 --> 00:11:32,490
But maybe it was also
for him to...
131
00:11:32,601 --> 00:11:34,831
...to show something to the Germans...
132
00:11:34,904 --> 00:11:38,738
...that " Here I am, coming back
to the Olympic Games...
133
00:11:38,808 --> 00:11:40,241
...and you...
134
00:11:41,744 --> 00:11:43,712
...you couldn't really destroy me."
135
00:12:26,255 --> 00:12:29,190
Spitz is still holding them off.
He's got a half a meter lead.
136
00:12:29,258 --> 00:12:33,661
Down on the near side is... But Spitz is
gonna go in. Spitz wins the gold medal!
137
00:12:36,766 --> 00:12:39,326
Mark Spitz, USA.
138
00:12:57,720 --> 00:13:00,689
And that is the whistle anyway,
and the United States...
139
00:13:00,790 --> 00:13:04,590
...have kept their unbeaten record
unless...
140
00:13:04,693 --> 00:13:07,491
The referee says there's
three more seconds to play.
141
00:13:08,597 --> 00:13:11,896
The only way they're going to score
is by going for a long shot.
142
00:13:12,001 --> 00:13:15,664
And they got it!
My goodness, I don't believe it.
143
00:13:15,738 --> 00:13:18,901
I do not believe it.
The Russians have got the gold.
144
00:13:19,008 --> 00:13:22,341
Victory for the USSR
for the first time ever.
145
00:13:28,517 --> 00:13:32,476
Absolutely fantastic.
She loves every moment of it!
146
00:13:59,048 --> 00:14:02,506
Myself and two others traveled
from Libya to Germany...
147
00:14:02,585 --> 00:14:04,576
...two days before the operation.
148
00:14:11,293 --> 00:14:17,664
We went to a hotel which the
leadership had given us the address of.
149
00:14:17,700 --> 00:14:21,898
There we met up with
the rest of the team...
150
00:14:21,971 --> 00:14:28,900
...another group of three and two leaders
who had been in Munich for some time.
151
00:14:32,815 --> 00:14:36,774
The following day my friend and I...
152
00:14:36,819 --> 00:14:41,552
...went to a couple of volleyball games
at the Olympic Park.
153
00:14:41,624 --> 00:14:46,994
We still had not been told what
the target of our operation was to be.
154
00:15:01,710 --> 00:15:05,737
After one of the competitions he said,
"Hey, there is the Lebanese team.
155
00:15:05,814 --> 00:15:08,248
I'm going over
to say hello to them. "
156
00:15:08,317 --> 00:15:11,252
I, coming from Holland, said,
"Are you out of your mind?"
157
00:15:11,320 --> 00:15:13,413
They are from Lebanon.
158
00:15:13,522 --> 00:15:15,820
Israel was in a state of war
with Lebanon.
159
00:15:15,925 --> 00:15:18,325
He said, "Ankie, that's exactly what
the Olympics are all about.
160
00:15:18,427 --> 00:15:22,955
Here I can go to them and talk to them.
That's what the Olympics are about. "
161
00:15:23,032 --> 00:15:25,865
So he went over and he asked
how were your results...
162
00:15:25,935 --> 00:15:29,598
...and I'm from Israel,
and how did it go?
163
00:15:29,672 --> 00:15:33,199
To my big amazement, I saw
that the people responded...
164
00:15:33,275 --> 00:15:36,676
...and they shook hands with him
and they talked to him...
165
00:15:36,745 --> 00:15:37,734
Ankie Spitzer...
166
00:15:37,846 --> 00:15:39,211
...and they asked him about his results.
167
00:15:39,281 --> 00:15:43,547
I'll never forget when he turned
around and came back towards me...
168
00:15:43,652 --> 00:15:46,314
...with this huge smile
on his face and said...
169
00:15:46,388 --> 00:15:48,856
"You see? This is what
I was dreaming about."
170
00:15:53,395 --> 00:15:57,491
After ten days, Andre's fencers
finished their competitions...
171
00:15:57,566 --> 00:16:01,400
...and he and Ankie traveled to Holland
to spend time with their baby Anouk...
172
00:16:01,470 --> 00:16:04,234
...whom they had left
in the care of Ankie's parents.
173
00:16:11,680 --> 00:16:16,481
The next morning at 10:00,
he had to take the train to Munich.
174
00:16:16,585 --> 00:16:18,883
He woke up a little bit late.
175
00:16:18,988 --> 00:16:21,616
We got to the train station,
and the train had left.
176
00:16:21,690 --> 00:16:24,352
I was desperate because I thought
he's going to get in trouble...
177
00:16:24,426 --> 00:16:28,385
...when he gets back to Munich because
they're waiting for him there.
178
00:16:28,430 --> 00:16:30,898
He said,
"Well, another day with you."
179
00:16:30,933 --> 00:16:35,632
I said, " No, let's try the other
train station about 30 miles onwards."
180
00:16:35,704 --> 00:16:39,037
So we raced to the next station...
181
00:16:39,108 --> 00:16:42,407
...and in Eindhoven in Holland,
that's where he jumped on the train.
182
00:16:42,511 --> 00:16:45,309
Without a ticket.
The train was already in the station.
183
00:16:45,414 --> 00:16:48,815
I still remember me
running next to the train...
184
00:16:48,851 --> 00:16:50,512
...and he left.
185
00:16:50,619 --> 00:16:53,281
And that was the last time
I saw him.
186
00:17:00,229 --> 00:17:04,290
On the night of September 4,
as Andre arrived back at the village...
187
00:17:04,366 --> 00:17:07,995
...the Israeli delegation was enjoying
a night out at the theater...
188
00:17:08,070 --> 00:17:10,038
...watching Fiddler on the Roof.
189
00:17:11,240 --> 00:17:13,731
They returned to the village
at midnight.
190
00:17:26,855 --> 00:17:29,016
The night of the operation...
191
00:17:29,091 --> 00:17:33,494
...we went to the restaurant
in the railway station for dinner.
192
00:17:38,400 --> 00:17:40,925
There we met with the chief
of the organization...
193
00:17:41,003 --> 00:17:43,471
...who for the first time told us
what the target of our operation was.
194
00:17:47,876 --> 00:17:51,004
I felt very proud...
195
00:17:51,080 --> 00:17:55,073
...that for the first time I was able
to confront the Israelis.
196
00:18:04,193 --> 00:18:09,597
Our passports and belongings
were taken from us...
197
00:18:09,631 --> 00:18:15,001
...so there wouldn't be any clue
as to who we were.
198
00:18:15,104 --> 00:18:18,005
Then we all went to the village.
199
00:18:48,070 --> 00:18:50,538
As we were climbing
over the fence...
200
00:18:50,639 --> 00:18:52,402
...we ran into a group
of American athletes...
201
00:18:52,474 --> 00:18:55,966
...who were sneaking in
after a night out.
202
00:18:56,044 --> 00:18:59,502
I remember they were drunk.
203
00:18:59,581 --> 00:19:04,450
The funny thing is that we actually
helped each other to climb over.
204
00:19:06,088 --> 00:19:07,646
I held my hand out...
205
00:19:07,756 --> 00:19:13,388
...and we lifted one
of them into the village.
206
00:19:13,462 --> 00:19:17,922
We said thank you and good-bye.
207
00:19:22,004 --> 00:19:24,905
With the help of members
of the East German team...
208
00:19:24,973 --> 00:19:27,999
...the terrorist leaders had entered
and studied the Olympic village...
209
00:19:28,076 --> 00:19:31,068
...in the days prior
to the attack.
210
00:19:31,113 --> 00:19:35,209
Now they headed straight
for the Israeli men's quarters.
211
00:19:35,284 --> 00:19:37,878
We headed towards the building.
212
00:19:37,986 --> 00:19:41,387
Each of us
was carrying a sports bag...
213
00:19:41,490 --> 00:19:44,755
...filled with weapons,
hidden under clothes.
214
00:19:44,826 --> 00:19:48,455
Each of us was given
a specific task.
215
00:19:48,530 --> 00:19:55,026
My job was to guard the outside of
the building while the others went in.
216
00:20:04,713 --> 00:20:07,546
The Israelis were
in five apartments.
217
00:20:07,616 --> 00:20:10,551
Apartment one
housed the team coaches.
218
00:20:10,619 --> 00:20:13,144
The terrorists went there first.
219
00:20:16,558 --> 00:20:20,324
As they broke in, wrestling coach Moshe
Weinberger attempted to stop them...
220
00:20:20,429 --> 00:20:23,421
...but he was shot and wounded.
221
00:20:23,532 --> 00:20:27,024
The leader went
into the first room...
222
00:20:27,135 --> 00:20:33,836
...but didn't realize there was
an Israeli behind him.
223
00:20:33,875 --> 00:20:38,574
He was attacked full force
and his weapon was taken.
224
00:20:38,647 --> 00:20:44,210
Another member of our group panicked
and shot the Israeli.
225
00:20:47,256 --> 00:20:50,487
The terrorists demanded that
Weinberger, already heavily wounded...
226
00:20:50,559 --> 00:20:53,551
...show them where the rest
of the Israelis were.
227
00:20:53,595 --> 00:20:56,860
At gunpoint, he led them
past apartment two...
228
00:20:56,965 --> 00:20:58,865
...which housed
the field athletes...
229
00:20:58,967 --> 00:21:03,165
...to apartment three, which contained
the weight lifters and wrestlers.
230
00:21:03,272 --> 00:21:06,173
Weinberger calculated that
they might stand some chance...
231
00:21:06,208 --> 00:21:08,699
...of overpowering the terrorists.
232
00:21:12,614 --> 00:21:14,639
I got out of bed and went outside...
233
00:21:14,716 --> 00:21:19,085
...only to find myself
standing in front of a terrorist...
234
00:21:19,121 --> 00:21:22,579
...wearing a balaclava hood
and a yellow sweater.
235
00:21:25,227 --> 00:21:29,755
The terrorists were already holding
all five of Gad Zabari's roommates.
236
00:21:29,831 --> 00:21:33,824
Now, weight lifter David Berger,
suggests they attack the terrorists...
237
00:21:33,902 --> 00:21:36,666
...saying,
"We have nothing to lose."
238
00:21:36,738 --> 00:21:41,107
But a gunman understands and jabs
a machine gun into Zabari's waist...
239
00:21:41,143 --> 00:21:45,341
...ordering him towards the exit
and back to apartment number one.
240
00:21:48,116 --> 00:21:53,748
And that's how
I came to be the first in line.
241
00:21:56,758 --> 00:22:00,023
My friends are behind me
with their heads bowed.
242
00:22:00,128 --> 00:22:03,586
I feel in a bit of a daze
when suddenly I see...
243
00:22:03,665 --> 00:22:08,329
...another terrorist ahead of me,
wearing a balaclava hood.
244
00:22:08,437 --> 00:22:12,339
Suddenly the reality
of what's happening hits me.
245
00:22:12,374 --> 00:22:18,142
As I get closer,
he orders me in this direction.
246
00:22:18,246 --> 00:22:21,215
But as he's giving me the order...
247
00:22:21,283 --> 00:22:24,446
I push his Kalashnikov aside
and run.
248
00:22:30,892 --> 00:22:33,554
He shoots two or three rounds at me.
249
00:22:33,662 --> 00:22:36,688
But I don't think
about the shots, I just run.
250
00:22:36,765 --> 00:22:39,893
I run for about 70 meters...
251
00:22:39,968 --> 00:22:43,961
...and then jump over the village fence
and into the first building I see.
252
00:22:44,072 --> 00:22:46,302
As Gad Zabari ran away...
253
00:22:46,375 --> 00:22:51,278
...the already wounded Moshe Weinberger
heroically jumped on the terrorists.
254
00:22:51,380 --> 00:22:53,507
He was shot and killed.
255
00:22:53,582 --> 00:22:57,609
We had no orders to kill.
256
00:22:57,686 --> 00:23:01,349
We were forced to
only when things went wrong.
257
00:23:04,693 --> 00:23:08,754
I heard some shots,
so I walked up to the window...
258
00:23:08,830 --> 00:23:11,492
...and then I realized
Moshe Weinberger...
259
00:23:11,600 --> 00:23:14,797
...has been thrown out
of the door...
260
00:23:14,903 --> 00:23:16,564
...to the pavement.
261
00:23:16,638 --> 00:23:20,904
He was naked,
without anything on him.
262
00:23:21,009 --> 00:23:22,374
Shmuel Lalkin
Head Israeli Team...
263
00:23:22,444 --> 00:23:25,470
And I saw that he was dead
because blood was pooling around him.
264
00:23:25,547 --> 00:23:29,608
This was when I thought
that we were attacked by somebody.
265
00:24:04,085 --> 00:24:06,178
This is ABC.
266
00:24:06,254 --> 00:24:08,848
I'm Jim McKay speaking to you live,
at this moment...
267
00:24:08,957 --> 00:24:11,721
...from ABC headquarters,
Munich, West Germany.
268
00:24:11,793 --> 00:24:14,853
The Olympics of serenity
have become the one thing...
269
00:24:14,963 --> 00:24:17,898
...the Germans didn't want them to be:
The Olympics of terror.
270
00:24:20,602 --> 00:24:23,093
I had the first telephone call
from the head of the team...
271
00:24:23,171 --> 00:24:25,196
Dan Shilon
Israeli Television...
272
00:24:25,273 --> 00:24:29,209
...this morning at 6:00,
and he told me that the Arabs are there...
273
00:24:29,277 --> 00:24:31,268
...and one of the Israelis
was killed.
274
00:24:31,379 --> 00:24:33,904
His name is Moshe Weinberger...
275
00:24:33,982 --> 00:24:34,914
IsraeliJournalist...
276
00:24:34,983 --> 00:24:37,543
...and I saw his body carried out
after one hour into an ambulance.
277
00:24:40,789 --> 00:24:43,758
That body was smashed...
278
00:24:43,825 --> 00:24:46,658
...which means he was killed
by a machine gun...
279
00:24:46,728 --> 00:24:49,128
...not by a regular gun.
280
00:24:54,102 --> 00:24:55,330
I was sleeping.
281
00:24:55,403 --> 00:24:57,598
My parents came to wake me up,
and they said...
282
00:24:57,706 --> 00:24:59,970
"We just heard on the radio
that there was an attack...
283
00:25:00,041 --> 00:25:02,509
...at the Israeli quarters
of the Olympic village.
284
00:25:02,611 --> 00:25:06,843
They killed one of the Israelis,
and they say it was the boxing coach. "
285
00:25:06,915 --> 00:25:10,316
I know there was no boxing coach,
so I jumped out of my bed.
286
00:25:10,352 --> 00:25:13,810
I thought, if it is not the
boxing coach, then what coach is it?
287
00:25:13,855 --> 00:25:15,823
Maybe it's Andre.
288
00:25:15,857 --> 00:25:18,417
How many Israelis are they
holding as hostage in the block?
289
00:25:18,527 --> 00:25:20,927
Around 16, 17.
290
00:25:21,029 --> 00:25:24,487
Thirteen members of the Israeli team
as hostages.
291
00:25:24,566 --> 00:25:28,798
There are nine hostages.
292
00:25:28,870 --> 00:25:32,863
Nobody could tell me
if Andre was a part of this...
293
00:25:32,941 --> 00:25:36,138
...if he was one of the hostages,
if he escaped.
294
00:25:36,244 --> 00:25:38,144
Nobody could tell me.
295
00:25:40,248 --> 00:25:45,413
When I arrived on the scene,
I met a young female police officer...
296
00:25:45,487 --> 00:25:49,856
...who was talking to a man
dressed in a white suit.
297
00:25:52,160 --> 00:25:54,993
He was Issa,
the terrorists'spokesman.
298
00:25:58,500 --> 00:26:02,493
Issa expressed his demands
in a staccato manner.
299
00:26:02,571 --> 00:26:04,869
He was very cool
and very determined...
300
00:26:05,974 --> 00:26:10,604
...clearly fanatical
in his convictions.
301
00:26:14,783 --> 00:26:17,946
The terrorists handed
a communique to the police.
302
00:26:18,019 --> 00:26:22,285
In it they demanded the release of
more than 200 revolutionary prisoners...
303
00:26:22,390 --> 00:26:25,985
...from jails in Israel,
Germany and elsewhere.
304
00:26:26,795 --> 00:26:29,059
If this was not done
by 12:00 noon...
305
00:26:29,130 --> 00:26:31,860
...the hostages would be executed.
306
00:26:38,506 --> 00:26:40,804
And you have until 12:00?
307
00:26:40,909 --> 00:26:43,343
They said that at 12:00
they will shoot.
308
00:26:45,013 --> 00:26:48,813
I certainly took it seriously because
I was standing there on gunpoint...
309
00:26:48,917 --> 00:26:52,409
...where always two or three
machine guns pointed on me...
310
00:26:52,520 --> 00:26:55,512
...and the leader of the terrorists
had a hand grenade in his hands.
311
00:26:55,624 --> 00:26:57,091
Walther Tröger
Mayor of Olympic Village...
312
00:26:57,158 --> 00:26:58,489
So I had to take it seriously.
313
00:26:58,560 --> 00:53:00,146
When he was discussing with me,
he always had that hand grenade.
314
00:27:08,536 --> 00:27:10,436
Somebody's going inside.
315
00:27:11,740 --> 00:27:14,470
The negotiators knew nothing
about the terrorists...
316
00:27:14,542 --> 00:27:16,476
...except what they saw.
317
00:27:16,544 --> 00:27:18,842
Three were visible
at any one time.
318
00:27:18,947 --> 00:27:21,677
Issa, the leader, his face blackened
with shoe polish.
319
00:27:21,750 --> 00:27:25,516
Tony, second in command, usually at the
first floor window wearing a cowboy hat.
320
00:27:25,587 --> 00:27:28,556
And another man
guarding the balcony door.
321
00:27:31,092 --> 00:27:32,684
Issa told the negotiators...
322
00:27:32,761 --> 00:27:35,457
...that a second Israeli
had been shot and killed...
323
00:27:35,563 --> 00:27:37,963
...while trying to overpower
his captors.
324
00:27:37,999 --> 00:27:41,298
The terrorist leader refused
to identify the dead man...
325
00:27:41,369 --> 00:27:43,428
...or allow his body
to be removed...
326
00:27:43,505 --> 00:27:48,169
...until all the political prisoners
on the communique had been released.
327
00:27:49,978 --> 00:53:43,119
My camera crew and I ended up,
for all of that long day...
328
00:27:53,214 --> 00:27:55,808
Iooking down
into this little walkway...
329
00:27:55,884 --> 00:27:57,818
...very quiet.
330
00:27:58,087 --> 00:28:00,486
Gerald Seymour
ITN News Reporter...
331
00:28:00,588 --> 00:28:04,115
And in a sense, you were looking down
into the cockpit of world events.
332
00:28:09,197 --> 00:28:12,325
We opened up all the radios
and television stations...
333
00:28:12,400 --> 00:28:14,391
...to get some information.
334
00:28:14,436 --> 00:28:18,998
Then at 9:00 in the morning, I found out
that Andre is one of the hostages.
335
00:28:19,107 --> 00:28:20,686
The men in the room:
Josef Romano is 31 years old...
336
00:28:20,721 --> 00:28:22,266
The men in the room:
Josef Romano is 31 years old...
337
00:28:22,343 --> 00:28:24,538
...an Israeli weight lifter
in the middleweight class...
338
00:28:24,612 --> 00:28:28,844
David Berger, 26 years old,
in the light heavyweight class...
339
00:28:28,917 --> 00:28:33,445
Ziev Friedman, another 26-year-old
weight lifter in the bantamweight class.
340
00:28:33,521 --> 00:28:37,855
These strong men sitting helpless
there at the point of submachine guns.
341
00:28:37,926 --> 00:28:42,420
Eliezer Halfin, 24 years old,
a freestyle wrestler, is in that room.
342
00:28:42,530 --> 00:28:45,829
Mark Slavin is 18 years old,
a Greco-Roman wrestler.
343
00:28:45,934 --> 00:28:48,926
The others are officials,
Joseph Gotfriend, Jacob Springer...
344
00:28:49,037 --> 00:28:53,133
Andre Spitzer, Kehat Shorr
and Amitzur Shapiro.
345
00:29:00,048 --> 00:29:02,209
We have a situation.
346
00:29:02,283 --> 00:29:05,582
In Israel, the population awoke
to the shocking news.
347
00:29:05,653 --> 00:29:09,111
Demand the release of some 200 Arabs
now being held in Israel.
348
00:29:09,190 --> 00:29:11,852
The Israeli government
immediately made it clear...
349
00:29:11,960 --> 00:29:16,954
...that in line with their policy, no deals
would be struck with the terrorists.
350
00:29:17,065 --> 00:29:18,965
Golda Meir
Prime Minister of Israel 1969-1974
351
00:29:19,067 --> 00:29:23,094
If we should give in,
then no Israeli anywhere in the world...
352
00:29:23,171 --> 00:29:25,696
...can feel that his life is safe.
353
00:29:27,108 --> 00:29:29,576
It's blackmail of the worst kind.
354
00:29:41,589 --> 00:29:45,719
At this time I was the aide-de-camp
of Minister Genscher.
355
00:29:47,295 --> 00:29:50,230
And the minister
was shocked, of course.
356
00:29:50,298 --> 00:29:51,492
General Ulrich K. Wegener...
357
00:29:51,599 --> 00:29:53,157
He wanted to see the Minister
of Interior of Bavaria...
358
00:29:53,234 --> 00:29:55,202
...because he was responsible.
359
00:29:55,236 --> 00:29:56,931
We are a federal state.
360
00:29:57,005 --> 00:30:01,704
So they talked to each other and they
decided to go to the Olympic village.
361
00:30:03,812 --> 00:30:07,111
In terms of the politicians
and the VIPs who came...
362
00:30:07,215 --> 00:30:10,548
...they looked to me as if
they held none of the cards...
363
00:30:10,618 --> 00:30:15,419
...as if they basically did not understand,
one, how to respond...
364
00:30:15,456 --> 00:30:18,448
...and two, the mind-set of the people
they were dealing with.
365
00:30:23,531 --> 00:30:26,432
The Palestinians that one saw,
there was that feeling...
366
00:30:26,534 --> 00:30:29,469
...that they were in charge
and that they were dictating.
367
00:30:35,243 --> 00:30:40,203
When it became clear to me
that negotiation was fruitless...
368
00:30:40,281 --> 00:30:41,908
I said to the leader:
369
00:30:41,983 --> 00:30:44,975
"You know our recent history...
370
00:30:45,053 --> 00:30:50,218
...what was done to theJews
by the Germans.
371
00:30:50,291 --> 00:30:55,319
You must understand, this makes the
situation here particularly difficult. "
372
00:30:55,396 --> 00:31:03,394
I said "Why don't you let them go
and take me instead?"
373
00:31:04,873 --> 00:31:08,104
But he refused.
374
00:31:11,779 --> 00:31:19,777
Acting on behalf of both the Federal
and Bavarian governments...
375
00:31:19,888 --> 00:31:24,188
I offered the terrorists
an unlimited sum of money...
376
00:31:24,292 --> 00:31:26,419
...in exchange for the hostages.
377
00:31:26,494 --> 00:31:28,189
This offer was rejected.
378
00:31:28,296 --> 00:31:31,265
They said, "It is not a question of
either money or substitute hostages...
379
00:31:31,332 --> 00:31:34,733
...but only of the 200 prisoners."
380
00:31:34,802 --> 00:31:37,828
PeterJennings is inside
the village...
381
00:31:37,906 --> 00:31:40,602
...and is observing this
with the naked eye.
382
00:31:40,708 --> 00:31:43,108
Jim, I am almost directly...
383
00:31:43,144 --> 00:31:45,612
...over the Israeli building.
384
00:31:45,647 --> 00:31:48,514
It will be a famous number before long.
It's building 31.
385
00:31:48,616 --> 00:31:51,676
It's on Connollystrasse.
386
00:31:51,753 --> 00:31:53,721
It does appear to be confirmed...
387
00:31:53,755 --> 00:31:57,384
...though anything confirmed today
is difficult...
388
00:31:57,458 --> 00:32:01,019
...that these guerrillas are from one
of the very extreme left-wing groups...
389
00:32:01,129 --> 00:32:03,529
...a group called Black September.
390
00:32:09,737 --> 00:32:12,262
Continuous delegations go forward.
391
00:32:12,340 --> 00:32:15,138
People here are waiting,
but unquestionably...
392
00:32:15,243 --> 00:32:17,973
...the mood becoming more tense.
393
00:32:18,046 --> 00:32:20,037
They had set a deadline of noon...
394
00:32:20,148 --> 00:32:22,480
...which is just an hour
and 15 minutes away...
395
00:32:22,550 --> 00:32:26,179
...saying that they were going to kill
all of their hostages at that time.
396
00:32:32,694 --> 00:32:34,662
There were other people involved.
397
00:32:34,696 --> 00:32:39,156
A friend of mine was a member
of the Arab Council...
398
00:32:39,267 --> 00:32:41,667
...and he also came to negotiate.
399
00:32:44,272 --> 00:32:48,902
My overall impression was that
they really believed...
400
00:32:49,978 --> 00:32:53,505
...in the possibility
of their demands being met.
401
00:32:53,581 --> 00:33:01,386
In my opinion, from a political
point of view, this was 99.9% unlikely.
402
00:33:01,422 --> 00:33:07,418
I thought and still think that
the Israelis would rather have let...
403
00:33:07,495 --> 00:33:11,022
...their whole athletic team be killed
than let this happen.
404
00:33:11,099 --> 00:33:15,263
I tried to explain these things
to Issa...
405
00:33:15,336 --> 00:33:19,534
...but he was very skeptical
and dismissive of me.
406
00:33:22,610 --> 00:33:26,740
Israel remained adamant that no deal
could be struck with the terrorists...
407
00:33:26,814 --> 00:33:30,147
...but to buy time,
the negotiators lied to Issa...
408
00:33:30,218 --> 00:33:33,881
...saying they were still awaiting
a definitive answer from Jerusalem.
409
00:33:33,955 --> 00:33:37,982
They begged the terrorist leader
to postpone his noon deadline.
410
00:33:38,059 --> 00:33:40,823
Issa responded only
with a new threat...
411
00:33:40,928 --> 00:33:43,920
...one Israeli would be shot
publicly every hour...
412
00:33:44,032 --> 00:33:46,432
...that their demands remained unmet.
413
00:33:48,136 --> 00:33:52,266
We were, I think, a little bit naive.
Also the minister.
414
00:33:55,643 --> 00:33:58,168
The German government
at this time thought...
415
00:33:58,246 --> 00:34:00,771
...they could negotiate with terrorists.
416
00:34:00,848 --> 00:34:03,783
They were thinking
that they could talk to them...
417
00:34:03,851 --> 00:34:06,877
...and convince them
to let the Israelis go.
418
00:34:08,056 --> 00:34:09,717
But there was no way.
419
00:34:22,370 --> 00:34:27,433
So the time to get close
to noon and to think that...
420
00:34:27,508 --> 00:34:31,205
"It's almost noon.
Are they going to kill him now?"
421
00:34:31,279 --> 00:34:34,271
It was like dying
a little bit.
422
00:34:36,784 --> 00:34:40,185
A matter of seconds before
the deadly ultimatum was reached...
423
00:34:40,221 --> 00:34:44,715
...the negotiators persuaded Issa
to agree to an extension.
424
00:34:44,792 --> 00:34:49,195
The deadline now is 5:00
Munich time, noon in New York.
425
00:34:49,230 --> 00:34:51,198
It is now 1:25 here in Munich.
426
00:34:51,232 --> 00:34:53,928
It's about three and a half hours
to the next deadline.
427
00:35:01,309 --> 00:35:05,109
Israeli Olympic Committee in Jerusalem
has now named the second dead man...
428
00:35:05,213 --> 00:35:09,274
...as being Josef Romano, a 31-year-old
middleweight weight lifter.
429
00:35:20,261 --> 00:35:25,426
I can't believe it for one second
that my husband has gone.
430
00:35:26,834 --> 00:35:29,462
Yesterday I received a cassette...
431
00:35:29,537 --> 00:35:33,496
...where he said, " HappyJewish
New Year" to everyone...
432
00:35:33,574 --> 00:35:35,633
...his brothers, the children...
433
00:35:35,743 --> 00:35:39,839
A lot of people I meet
in the street or at work...
434
00:35:39,947 --> 00:35:41,505
Schlomit Romano...
435
00:35:41,582 --> 00:35:43,482
...when they hear about me
being the daughter...
436
00:35:43,551 --> 00:35:46,281
...ofJosef Romano from München...
437
00:35:48,556 --> 00:35:52,890
...they say, "Oh, you know,
when I was little...
438
00:35:52,960 --> 00:35:56,157
I admired your father,
and he was like this and that. "
439
00:35:56,264 --> 00:36:01,224
All the time I hear new stories
and new things...
440
00:36:01,302 --> 00:36:03,167
...about my father.
441
00:36:03,271 --> 00:36:06,672
That's how I know him.
442
00:36:06,774 --> 00:36:08,833
Of course, not enough.
443
00:36:08,910 --> 00:36:13,040
Like, I can't imagine his voice.
444
00:36:16,017 --> 00:36:20,784
I can't imagine him
calling my name.
445
00:36:49,450 --> 00:36:54,149
They letJosef Romano die, bleeding to
death, lying between all his friends...
446
00:36:54,222 --> 00:36:59,319
...as a warning if anybody tried to grab
a weapon from one of the Palestinians...
447
00:36:59,427 --> 00:37:01,122
...this would be their lot.
448
00:37:01,229 --> 00:37:03,629
Nobody has the right to do that.
449
00:37:11,239 --> 00:37:15,437
In a way, I didn't like Issa
because of what he was doing...
450
00:37:15,543 --> 00:37:19,445
...but I could have liked him
when I met him elsewhere.
451
00:37:22,450 --> 00:37:26,443
He was not violent. I would have
even trusted him in his word.
452
00:37:26,554 --> 00:37:28,784
Not his compatriots and partners.
453
00:37:28,856 --> 00:37:30,050
Walther Tröger
Mayor of Olympic Village...
454
00:37:30,157 --> 00:37:31,624
They were like...
What do we say in German?
455
00:37:31,692 --> 00:37:33,660
Galgenvogel.
Gallow birds.
456
00:37:33,694 --> 00:37:36,390
But Issa was different from them.
457
00:37:40,968 --> 00:37:44,028
We were not only negotiating
on how to handle this.
458
00:37:44,105 --> 00:37:47,074
We also were...
I wouldn't call it philosophical...
459
00:37:47,108 --> 00:37:50,339
...but we were also going into the grounds
of the whole thing.
460
00:37:50,411 --> 00:37:52,379
I said,
"Why are you doing it?"
461
00:37:52,413 --> 00:37:55,712
He said, "We are sorry for you.
You made good Olympic Games.
462
00:37:55,783 --> 00:37:58,411
But you offered us a showcase...
463
00:37:58,486 --> 00:38:02,752
...and we have to use this showcase
in order to show our possibility...
464
00:38:02,823 --> 00:38:07,226
...to so many millions or even billions
of people in the world...
465
00:38:07,295 --> 00:38:09,286
...who are watching
your Olympic Games. "
466
00:38:09,397 --> 00:38:12,025
Mark Spitz,
the American swimming star...
467
00:38:12,099 --> 00:38:14,499
...who won seven gold medals
at this Olympiad...
468
00:38:14,602 --> 00:38:18,402
...was placed under heavy guard
shortly after the drama unfurled.
469
00:38:18,439 --> 00:38:22,307
Within hours, Spitz was hustled out
of Germany on a plane bound for home.
470
00:38:22,343 --> 00:38:26,211
Spitz is a Jew, and it was feared
an attempt might be made to seize him.
471
00:38:28,316 --> 00:38:32,446
Spontaneous demonstrations condemning
the attack sprung up around the world.
472
00:38:32,520 --> 00:38:36,616
There was outrage that the Olympic ideal
of peace and brotherhood...
473
00:38:36,724 --> 00:38:39,215
...had been so shamelessly destroyed.
474
00:38:40,728 --> 00:38:45,131
But as the day progressed, there was
also a growing sense of anger...
475
00:38:45,232 --> 00:38:47,860
...directed at the International
Olympic Committee...
476
00:38:47,935 --> 00:38:51,336
...for refusing to halt the Games
in the light of what had happened.
477
00:38:52,373 --> 00:38:55,467
The Olympic Committee
at that time was very arrogant.
478
00:38:55,543 --> 00:38:57,602
Very arrogant.
479
00:38:57,678 --> 00:39:02,411
They felt something terrible happened,
but they have nothing to do with it.
480
00:39:02,483 --> 00:39:04,974
Willi Daume, head of
the Olympic Organizing Committee...
481
00:39:05,052 --> 00:39:06,986
...has announced that the Olympics
will go on.
482
00:39:07,054 --> 00:39:11,388
As of this hour, the Olympics, the Games
of the 20th Olympiad, will continue.
483
00:41:03,204 --> 00:41:06,537
This is a live shot
you're looking at right now.
484
00:41:06,607 --> 00:41:09,804
And we're moving in now
on the windows...
485
00:41:09,877 --> 00:41:14,405
...behind which, at this moment, eight or
nine terrified living human beings...
486
00:41:14,482 --> 00:41:16,416
...are being held prisoner.
487
00:41:16,484 --> 00:41:20,716
The demands have been many.
There's someone right now.
488
00:41:20,788 --> 00:41:23,279
And this has happened
time and time and time again.
489
00:41:23,390 --> 00:41:26,985
The door opening, the head coming out
to see what is going on.
490
00:41:27,094 --> 00:41:30,655
Within 200 yards of where that
building is, there's a manmade pond.
491
00:41:30,731 --> 00:41:33,700
Not a formal swimming pool, but
a very lovely pond with a little dock...
492
00:41:33,734 --> 00:41:35,827
...where the athletes lie out
and take sun.
493
00:41:35,903 --> 00:41:38,201
That's what they're doing
right now, sunning themselves.
494
00:41:38,305 --> 00:41:41,331
They're swimming, talking of technique
with athletes of other countries.
495
00:41:41,408 --> 00:41:45,674
And yet this grim, terrible thing
is taking place inside the village.
496
00:41:47,348 --> 00:41:49,543
There were people running
around the training track.
497
00:41:49,617 --> 00:41:52,848
I thought, yeah, you've trained
for this for four years...
498
00:41:52,920 --> 00:41:55,115
...but it seemed wrong.
499
00:41:55,222 --> 00:41:57,349
There was something selfish,
slightly obscene...
500
00:41:57,424 --> 01:22:57,749
...about the atmosphere
in the rest of the village.
501
00:42:05,833 --> 00:42:08,461
I didn't hear much
of the negotiations.
502
00:42:08,536 --> 00:42:12,632
I spent my time
standing guard outside.
503
00:42:12,740 --> 00:42:14,867
But after some time I was relieved
and I went into the room...
504
00:42:14,942 --> 00:42:17,103
...where the Israelis
were being held.
505
00:42:17,177 --> 00:42:20,772
I found one of our guys sitting with
the Israelis, his gun by his side.
506
00:42:23,350 --> 00:42:26,319
We began to chat
with the Israelis...
507
00:42:26,387 --> 00:42:29,049
...and told each other
stories and jokes.
508
00:42:29,156 --> 00:42:34,116
But then our leader suddenly came in
and ordered us to stop messing about.
509
00:42:34,895 --> 00:42:39,093
He didn't want us
to talk to them too much...
510
00:42:39,166 --> 00:42:43,398
...in case they tried
to emotionally exploit us...
511
00:42:43,470 --> 00:42:48,999
...and tried to escape.
512
00:43:10,598 --> 00:43:13,294
The Germans decided
that the time had come...
513
00:43:13,400 --> 00:43:16,335
...for them to take the initiative.
514
00:43:16,403 --> 00:43:17,802
Food was brought in...
515
00:43:17,905 --> 00:43:20,635
...not only with the hope
that the hostages would be fed...
516
00:43:20,708 --> 00:43:24,735
...but in such large quantities
that no one man could carry it alone.
517
00:43:24,812 --> 00:43:28,077
The police hoped more than one guerrilla
would come out for the five boxes...
518
00:43:28,148 --> 00:43:30,446
...could be rushed and overpowered.
519
00:43:30,517 --> 00:43:34,977
A second hope was the chefs could gain
access and count the Arabs inside.
520
00:43:35,022 --> 00:43:37,820
There were no chefs.
It was the police commissioner...
521
00:43:37,925 --> 00:43:39,483
Mr. Schreiber, and myself...
522
00:43:39,560 --> 00:43:42,723
...with two policemen
clad as chefs, as cooks.
523
00:43:42,830 --> 00:43:44,730
The idea was not
to poison the food.
524
00:43:44,832 --> 00:43:47,232
The idea was that someone of us...
525
00:43:47,267 --> 00:43:49,167
...could enter the room...
526
00:43:49,236 --> 00:43:53,297
...because at that time nobody knew
about the number of the terrorists.
527
00:43:53,374 --> 00:43:55,842
The deception had no effect.
528
00:43:55,943 --> 00:43:58,844
The negotiators reported
to the waiting Israeli ambassador...
529
00:43:58,946 --> 00:44:01,107
...that their plan had failed.
530
00:44:01,181 --> 00:44:04,776
The ambassador repeated again
that no deal would be made.
531
00:44:06,687 --> 00:44:10,555
The Israeli ambassador
was watching, together with me...
532
00:44:10,591 --> 00:44:13,719
...what was going on, and he
was not very happy about this.
533
00:44:13,794 --> 00:44:15,785
He got out
and asked for a phone...
534
00:44:15,863 --> 00:44:18,889
...and he called
the prime minister in Israel.
535
00:44:18,966 --> 00:44:20,456
General Ulrich K. Wegener...
536
00:44:20,501 --> 00:44:23,629
The Israelis, they wanted
to send a team...
537
00:44:23,704 --> 00:44:28,266
...which was rejected
by the German government, of course.
538
00:44:30,477 --> 00:44:35,779
The prime minister had a long talk
with Chancellor Brandt.
539
00:44:35,883 --> 00:44:38,818
And I remember her report saying...
540
00:44:38,886 --> 00:44:43,550
...that he refused
that any Israeli team...
541
00:44:43,624 --> 00:44:47,082
...will come to Germany
to do the action.
542
00:44:48,195 --> 00:44:50,095
Zvi Zamir, Chief of Mossad
1968-74
543
00:44:50,130 --> 00:44:54,499
And the general feeling was that
if the German defense... Army, whoever...
544
00:44:54,601 --> 00:44:57,900
...will take it upon itself...
545
00:44:58,005 --> 00:45:02,408
...they are capable
of doing it well in Germany...
546
00:45:02,443 --> 00:45:07,312
...and there is no necessity
to send an Israeli team.
547
00:45:07,414 --> 00:45:10,383
At the time,
I was the head of the Mossad.
548
00:45:11,452 --> 00:45:15,616
And Moshe Dayan spoke
with the prime minister...
549
00:45:15,723 --> 00:45:19,352
...and they insisted that I
should go to be present...
550
00:45:19,426 --> 00:45:23,192
...to see how the Germans
do this operation.
551
00:45:24,531 --> 00:45:27,364
Zvi Zamir immediately
flew to Munich...
552
00:45:27,434 --> 00:45:30,028
...arriving early that same evening.
553
00:45:37,778 --> 00:45:40,804
Almost 11 hours
after the start of the crisis...
554
00:45:40,881 --> 00:45:44,373
...the Olympic Committee finally bowed
to intense international pressure...
555
00:45:44,451 --> 00:45:46,385
...and suspended the Games.
556
00:45:46,453 --> 00:45:49,354
Some competitions are continuing.
They will be allowed to finish.
557
00:45:49,456 --> 00:45:51,856
But at that time
the Games will be suspended.
558
00:45:51,892 --> 00:45:54,986
At 10:00 tomorrow morning,
in the huge Olympic stadium...
559
00:45:45,062 --> 00:45:58,964
...there will be a memorial service
for the two men dead.
560
00:46:31,799 --> 00:46:35,530
The Olympic Games are reduced
to utter silence...
561
00:46:35,602 --> 00:46:39,333
...and one tantalizing head
poking out a door.
562
00:46:40,507 --> 00:46:42,407
Something has to happen.
563
00:47:06,333 --> 00:47:07,527
It was a kind of...
564
00:47:07,634 --> 00:47:09,067
Dan Shilon
Israeli Television...
565
00:47:09,136 --> 00:47:11,036
...a bizarre,
surrealistic situation...
566
00:47:11,138 --> 00:47:13,606
...in which we journalists
surrounded the event...
567
00:47:13,674 --> 00:47:16,370
...with every possible camera.
568
00:47:16,443 --> 00:47:19,503
Endless cameras
around the Olympic village.
569
00:47:22,850 --> 00:47:27,150
It was a great story to many television
stations and media around the world.
570
00:47:27,254 --> 00:47:32,157
I mean, the climax
of the Olympic Games, such an event.
571
00:47:32,192 --> 00:47:35,286
And perhaps even some
of the stations...
572
00:47:35,362 --> 00:47:37,694
...took a very cynical approach to it...
573
00:47:37,764 --> 00:47:40,927
...saying, "Wow!
What an audience we'll get now."
574
00:47:42,603 --> 00:47:46,369
On a lovely late summer afternoon,
the tense vigil continues.
575
00:47:46,473 --> 00:47:50,637
In just a half an hour,
the deadline will have expired.
576
00:48:01,822 --> 00:48:05,314
He definitely had
his hands tied. I saw it.
577
00:48:05,392 --> 00:48:09,089
Late in the afternoon,
I saw that the window was opened...
578
00:48:09,196 --> 00:48:11,687
...of the apartment
where they were kept hostage...
579
00:48:11,798 --> 00:48:14,323
...and I saw Andre
in front of the window.
580
00:48:15,502 --> 00:48:17,868
They asked him,
"Is everybody okay there...
581
00:48:17,938 --> 00:48:21,101
...and what is the situation
with all the other hostages?"
582
00:48:21,208 --> 00:48:24,336
Andre said,
"Everybody is okay except for one."
583
00:48:24,411 --> 00:48:29,212
When the Germans asked, "Who is
the one and what happened to him?"
584
00:48:29,249 --> 00:48:31,774
I saw that he was not allowed
to say that.
585
00:48:31,852 --> 00:48:35,845
So he got hit with the butt of the rifle
of one of the Palestinians...
586
00:48:35,923 --> 00:48:39,825
...and pushed away,
and they closed the curtains.
587
00:48:39,927 --> 00:48:43,124
That was the last time, really,
that I saw him.
588
00:48:49,236 --> 00:48:51,966
After that, Mr. Genscher said...
589
00:48:52,039 --> 00:48:57,500
...he wished to have a direct discussion
with the Israeli hostages.
590
00:48:57,577 --> 00:49:00,637
Then Mr. Schreiber said
he wished to accompany him.
591
00:49:00,747 --> 00:49:03,409
They said, "No, you are policemen.
You are not allowed to enter. "
592
00:49:03,483 --> 00:49:07,943
I said, "All right. Then it's me."
So we went up there...
593
00:49:07,988 --> 00:49:12,357
...and it was a terrible impression,
I must say.
594
00:49:15,562 --> 00:49:17,757
One was bound to one chair...
595
00:49:17,864 --> 00:49:22,028
...and the others were on
the two sides tied together.
596
00:49:22,102 --> 00:49:24,570
And then the one
who was killed...
597
00:49:24,671 --> 00:49:26,571
...was lying there.
598
00:49:26,673 --> 00:49:29,801
The wall was full of blood.
599
00:49:32,679 --> 00:49:37,480
I will never be able
to forget those faces...
600
00:49:37,584 --> 00:49:41,111
...full of fear, but also hope.
601
00:49:42,489 --> 00:49:44,923
Then we had a discussion...
602
00:49:44,992 --> 00:49:47,552
...and the discussion was...
603
00:49:47,627 --> 00:49:50,391
...absolutely covered by the...
604
00:49:56,303 --> 00:50:00,831
...very depressed mood
of the hostages.
605
00:50:08,949 --> 00:50:10,246
They wished...
606
00:50:10,317 --> 00:50:13,218
...to come to a conclusion
which might save their lives...
607
00:50:13,320 --> 00:50:16,983
...but they were not very hopeful
in that respect.
608
00:50:42,182 --> 00:50:44,131
There's been one report attributed to
Wilf Brimsley of the Associated Press...
609
00:50:44,166 --> 00:50:46,080
There's been one report attributed to
Wilf Brimsley of the Associated Press...
610
00:50:46,153 --> 00:50:49,054
...who said a police lieutenant
told him that at 5:00...
611
00:50:49,089 --> 00:50:51,387
...about 29 minutes from now,
Munich time...
612
00:50:51,458 --> 00:50:54,018
...a volunteer squad of policemen
dressed as athletes...
613
00:50:54,094 --> 00:50:57,655
...would storm the Israeli
Olympic team headquarters...
614
00:50:57,764 --> 00:51:00,528
...and would come in shooting.
615
00:51:00,600 --> 00:51:05,560
These are the volunteer squad of
38 police or West German border guards.
616
00:51:05,605 --> 00:51:08,301
Because of very complicated laws...
617
00:51:08,375 --> 00:51:10,935
...the German army would not
be allowed to participate.
618
00:51:11,011 --> 00:51:13,878
There you see an athlete
holding a canvas bag...
619
00:51:13,980 --> 00:51:16,972
...in which is obviously
a machine gun.
620
00:51:17,084 --> 00:51:19,814
The commissioner of the police,
Mr. Schreiber...
621
00:51:19,886 --> 00:51:22,377
...selected some policemen,
you know...
622
00:51:22,422 --> 00:51:24,049
...and asked them...
623
00:51:24,124 --> 00:51:28,754
...have you ever shot a gun
or whatever?
624
00:51:28,829 --> 00:51:31,354
That was it.
They had no training, nothing.
625
00:51:39,606 --> 00:51:43,770
Jim, there are now a great many
of those security men...
626
00:51:43,844 --> 00:51:46,711
...in athletic uniforms...
627
00:51:46,813 --> 00:51:49,213
...moving off
in various directions.
628
00:51:49,249 --> 00:51:52,082
I don't want to instigate
any false drama here...
629
00:51:52,152 --> 00:51:57,055
...but it looks, at this point, like the
beginnings of some kind of deployment.
630
00:52:03,330 --> 00:52:06,356
The plan was for us
to climb up on the roof...
631
00:52:06,433 --> 00:52:08,424
...of the Connollystrasse building...
632
00:52:08,535 --> 00:52:11,003
...and go down the ventilation shafts.
633
00:52:11,071 --> 00:52:14,165
Once in position we were to
await the code word 'sunshine'...
634
00:52:14,241 --> 00:52:18,337
...from the Chief Inspector
before attacking.
635
00:52:18,445 --> 00:52:25,146
That's how we would
free the hostages.
636
00:52:39,065 --> 00:52:41,226
Walking cautiously on the roof...
637
00:52:41,301 --> 00:52:44,270
...hopefully not being heard
in the rooms below.
638
00:53:00,387 --> 00:53:04,289
You see how close these two men are.
Couldn't be 20 feet.
639
00:53:08,096 --> 00:53:12,532
You see he comes out and
gets down on his hands and knees.
640
00:53:12,600 --> 00:53:16,865
That's for him
to get a better look up.
641
00:53:25,313 --> 00:53:29,214
Outside our studio here
and around the Olympic village...
642
00:53:29,316 --> 00:53:32,877
...a crowd estimated
at 75,000 to 80,000 people...
643
00:53:32,953 --> 00:53:35,922
...has gathered,
awaiting the outcome of this.
644
00:53:40,961 --> 00:53:43,862
This building now swarming
with Germans...
645
00:53:43,930 --> 00:53:45,921
...trying to rescue the Israelis.
646
00:53:46,534 --> 00:53:52,335
The deadline appears, to us,
to be less than one minute away.
647
00:53:52,439 --> 00:53:53,339
Anything to report at all, Peter?
648
00:53:53,441 --> 00:53:57,535
The commando looks very much
more nervous than he did a while ago...
649
00:53:57,644 --> 00:54:01,104
...and he certainly has an apprehensive
darting-about look from here...
650
00:54:01,182 --> 00:54:06,084
...almost as if they do sense
that something is very imminent.
651
00:54:11,559 --> 00:54:15,960
Once again there is a delegation
directly under the building...
652
00:54:15,996 --> 00:54:18,794
...and the Arab guard,
not on the balcony...
653
00:54:18,865 --> 00:54:22,801
...but in the window slightly down
below him, is negotiating with him.
654
00:54:29,577 --> 00:54:32,636
Now we've gotten
an official time check.
655
00:54:32,712 --> 00:54:36,375
It is 5:00.
This is the deadline.
656
00:54:36,483 --> 00:54:39,884
The storming, if it is going to happen,
could happen at any moment.
657
00:54:45,025 --> 00:54:49,485
We waited and waited, but the
code word "sunshine"never came...
658
00:54:49,529 --> 00:54:52,020
...because there was a film crew...
659
00:54:52,098 --> 00:54:55,761
...on the East German building
opposite us...
660
00:54:55,835 --> 00:55:00,295
...which broadcast live everything
that was happening on the roof.
661
00:55:00,407 --> 00:55:07,404
Later we discovered that there
was a TVin every athlete's room...
662
00:55:07,514 --> 00:55:11,348
...and the terrorists had been able...
663
00:55:11,418 --> 00:55:14,512
...to watch us preparing
live on screen.
664
00:55:14,621 --> 00:55:19,024
Thank God we called it off.
665
00:55:19,125 --> 00:55:25,257
It surely would have been
a suicide mission if we had attacked.
666
00:55:29,969 --> 00:55:34,338
If you had told me then that the Germans
did not have available in Munich...
667
00:55:34,374 --> 00:55:36,001
Gerald Seymour
ITN News Service...
668
00:55:36,076 --> 00:55:38,067
...a trained storm squad,
I think I would have disbelieved you...
669
00:55:38,144 --> 00:55:42,638
...because everybody in 1972
was totally transfixed...
670
00:55:42,749 --> 00:55:46,810
...by a myth of utter
German ruthless efficiency.
671
00:55:58,265 --> 00:56:02,098
Fourteen minutes to 6:00,
Munich time, in the evening.
672
00:56:04,571 --> 00:56:07,563
We were told not to let the situation
go on for more than 24 hours...
673
00:56:07,674 --> 00:56:11,405
...because psychologically that was
the most we could take.
674
00:56:11,478 --> 00:56:17,974
If the Israeli government still
refused to release the prisoners...
675
00:56:18,084 --> 00:56:20,484
...we had been told
to demand an airplane...
676
00:56:20,520 --> 00:56:24,388
...to take us, with the hostages,
to any Arab country we could.
677
00:56:28,128 --> 00:56:31,928
At 6:00 p.m., the Palestinians
issued a new demand.
678
00:56:31,998 --> 00:56:34,432
They wanted a long-distance jet...
679
00:56:34,501 --> 00:56:39,029
...to fly them and their hostages
to an unspecified Arab country.
680
00:56:39,105 --> 00:56:41,801
But the German government
and the organizing committee...
681
00:56:41,908 --> 00:56:44,536
...decided that we were not
allowed at all...
682
00:56:44,611 --> 00:56:47,546
...to let foreigners bring out
guests of our country...
683
00:56:47,614 --> 00:56:49,980
...who came as guests
to the Olympic Games.
684
00:56:50,049 --> 00:56:54,816
That led to the final conclusion that we
give the impression to the terrorists...
685
00:56:54,921 --> 00:56:56,821
...that we'll let them fly out...
686
00:56:56,923 --> 00:57:00,552
...but try everything
to then kill them...
687
00:57:00,627 --> 00:57:03,528
...or bring them into prison...
688
00:57:03,563 --> 00:57:06,031
...before they could leave the country.
689
00:57:07,233 --> 00:57:11,465
Our aim was to
drag out the proceedings...
690
00:57:11,538 --> 00:57:14,701
...to wear down the terrorists...
691
00:57:14,774 --> 00:57:20,303
...and try to establish the best time
for freeing the hostages.
692
00:57:20,380 --> 00:57:22,473
That was our objective.
693
00:57:22,549 --> 00:57:25,814
The organizers of the Games
naturally wanted the Games...
694
00:57:25,885 --> 00:57:29,753
...to resume as soon as possible.
695
00:57:29,789 --> 00:57:34,886
We had to find a resolution
one way or another.
696
00:57:45,071 --> 00:57:50,236
To move the thing
from the Olympic compound...
697
00:57:50,310 --> 00:57:52,210
Zvi Zamir, Chief of Mossad
1968-74
698
00:57:52,278 --> 00:57:54,075
...in order to let
the Olympic Games to carry on...
699
00:57:54,180 --> 00:57:56,375
...this was their main objective.
700
00:57:57,283 --> 00:57:59,911
The Israeli team...
701
00:57:59,986 --> 00:58:03,615
...and its rescue
were secondary to that.
702
00:58:10,897 --> 00:58:14,162
The staff group decided
to bring them...
703
00:58:14,234 --> 00:58:17,533
...to the public airport of Munich
in order to try something.
704
00:58:17,604 --> 00:58:19,868
I said, "Listen, that's crazy.
We have another airport...
705
00:58:19,939 --> 00:58:22,464
...which is not a public airport. "
706
00:58:22,542 --> 00:58:25,534
So I proposed to make
Furstenfeldbruck the target.
707
00:58:39,359 --> 00:58:42,886
The police plan revolved around
a decoy Boeing 727...
708
00:58:42,962 --> 00:58:46,125
...which was to be left on the runway
with its engine idling.
709
00:58:46,232 --> 00:58:48,996
On board would be a voluntary squad
of policemen...
710
00:58:49,068 --> 00:58:51,229
...disguised as flight crew.
711
00:58:51,337 --> 00:58:54,864
The Palestinians and Israelis
would be flown in by helicopter.
712
00:58:54,941 --> 00:58:57,432
When Issa and his deputy
went to inspect the plane...
713
00:58:57,544 --> 00:58:59,375
...the fake crew would overcome them.
714
00:58:59,445 --> 01:57:03,293
Meanwhile, five snipers positioned
on the tower and around the airfield...
715
00:59:03,950 --> 00:59:06,612
...would open fire
on the remaining terrorists...
716
00:59:06,686 --> 00:59:10,383
...and assault vehicles would rush in
to rescue the hostages.
717
00:59:10,456 --> 00:59:14,222
There were only five snipers
because the police still believed...
718
00:59:14,294 --> 00:59:16,990
...there would be a total
of four to five terrorists.
719
01:00:01,509 --> 01:00:05,477
This is PeterJennings
in the Olympic village.
720
01:00:05,545 --> 01:00:08,139
The Olympic village
is built on various levels...
721
01:00:08,214 --> 01:00:11,877
...and underneath building 31, and
underneath all of the buildings here...
722
01:00:11,951 --> 01:00:14,146
...there is a network of roads.
723
01:00:14,220 --> 01:00:16,654
Those alleyways
now have been used to bring in...
724
01:00:16,723 --> 01:00:20,124
...a fairly massive security force,
including armored cars...
725
01:00:20,159 --> 01:00:23,128
...and just a short while ago,
Howard Cosell...
726
01:00:23,162 --> 01:00:26,654
...noticed that there was
considerable activity there.
727
01:00:26,733 --> 01:00:28,758
Over the recent 25 to 30 minutes...
728
01:00:28,835 --> 01:00:32,100
...there was a flurry of activity,
cars were speeding off...
729
01:00:32,171 --> 01:00:35,629
...and we now have a corridor
or avenue of departure...
730
01:00:35,675 --> 01:00:37,973
...available to the Arabs...
731
01:00:38,044 --> 01:00:40,672
...should a deal have been made
and should they be coming out...
732
01:00:40,747 --> 01:00:43,113
...as now seems likely.
733
01:00:43,182 --> 01:00:46,709
So there is a quiet now
and an expectancy.
734
01:00:47,887 --> 01:00:50,048
I didn't feel fear as such.
735
01:00:50,156 --> 01:00:52,886
I felt apprehensive,
as any person would.
736
01:00:53,760 --> 01:00:58,060
I was afraid of failing.
737
01:01:07,474 --> 01:01:10,534
The Palestinians and Israelis
were to be flown by helicopter...
738
01:01:10,611 --> 01:01:13,011
...to Furstenfeldbruck Airport.
739
01:01:13,080 --> 01:01:16,378
But how would they get themselves
and their hostages...
740
01:01:16,482 --> 01:01:20,111
...to the helicopters,
which were on the edge of the village.
741
01:01:20,186 --> 01:01:23,246
They decided to walk
via the underground car park.
742
01:01:26,192 --> 01:01:28,752
The police saw
another ambush opportunity...
743
01:01:28,828 --> 01:01:30,989
...and placed marksmen here...
744
01:01:31,097 --> 01:01:34,123
...but Issa insisted
on checking the route first.
745
01:01:35,301 --> 01:01:37,667
So we walked there with one of...
746
01:01:37,737 --> 01:01:40,831
...the terrorists behind me
with a machine gun in my back...
747
01:01:40,907 --> 01:01:45,105
...and at that time, some of the gunmen
of the German police...
748
01:01:45,211 --> 01:01:48,408
...were lying in the side streets...
749
01:01:48,514 --> 01:01:51,506
...and when we approached,
they were crawling away.
750
01:01:55,354 --> 01:01:59,814
So the terrorists immediately
found out that there was danger...
751
01:01:59,859 --> 01:02:03,351
...and they decided to use a bus
and not to walk.
752
01:02:13,774 --> 01:02:16,867
The terrorists brought the Israelis
down a passage...
753
01:02:16,943 --> 01:02:20,470
...into an underground car park
and to a bus.
754
01:02:20,546 --> 01:02:23,310
Robert Thompson, a 24-year-old
Canadian water polo player...
755
01:02:23,382 --> 01:02:24,371
...saw them leave.
756
01:02:24,450 --> 01:02:26,611
So then they brought
seven of them out...
757
01:02:26,686 --> 01:02:30,554
...and they put seven of the Israelis
on the bus...
758
01:02:30,590 --> 01:02:33,423
...and then he went back inside,
and then they brought out more.
759
01:02:33,493 --> 01:02:35,961
During this, there was one fellow
standing in front of the bus...
760
01:02:35,995 --> 01:02:39,192
...with a machine gun,
watching all of it.
761
01:02:39,265 --> 01:02:42,166
The terrorists had all the guns.
What were the Israelis doing?
762
01:02:42,201 --> 01:02:44,101
They were tied.
763
01:02:44,170 --> 01:02:46,502
They had their hands
tied in front of them...
764
01:02:46,572 --> 01:02:49,507
...and plus their hands
were tied like that.
765
01:02:49,575 --> 01:02:52,976
Then around the back they had ropes,
and they were tied together like that.
766
01:03:49,769 --> 01:03:52,795
The first man that got out was
the man with the white pith helmet.
767
01:03:52,872 --> 01:03:54,931
He got out, went over
to the first helicopter...
768
01:03:55,041 --> 01:03:57,703
...and made a complete check
with a flashlight.
769
01:03:57,777 --> 01:04:02,271
He checked in and out, both back,
front and middle of the helicopter...
770
01:04:02,348 --> 01:04:05,283
...and when he saw that everything
looked like it was all right...
771
01:04:05,351 --> 01:04:09,412
...he signaled, and four hostages
started to march out...
772
01:04:09,488 --> 01:04:11,456
...with their hands
tied in front of them...
773
01:04:11,490 --> 01:04:13,481
...and behind them
was an Arab guerilla...
774
01:04:13,559 --> 01:04:15,686
...with some kind of weapon
in his hand.
775
01:04:15,761 --> 01:04:17,854
It was quite
a frightening experience.
776
01:04:17,964 --> 01:04:21,092
It wasn't anyJames Bond.
It was the real thing.
777
01:04:24,003 --> 01:04:27,302
It has taken less than five minutes
to reach the waiting helicopters...
778
01:04:27,373 --> 01:04:29,864
...but in that five minutes
a critical piece of information...
779
01:04:29,976 --> 01:04:31,944
...has suddenly been revealed.
780
01:04:32,011 --> 01:04:35,242
There are not four guerillas
nor even five, as the police believed.
781
01:04:35,314 --> 01:04:38,283
There are eight, and there are
only five police marksmen...
782
01:04:38,317 --> 01:04:40,683
...waiting at Furstenfeldbruck Airport.
783
01:04:50,196 --> 01:04:53,632
We were standing
at a window directly above...
784
01:04:53,699 --> 01:04:59,160
...as our friends were led handcuffed
from the bus to the helicopters.
785
01:04:59,205 --> 01:05:01,605
The terrorists stood there
with rifles.
786
01:05:01,707 --> 01:05:05,336
They looked as if they felt like heroes
dominating the world.
787
01:05:05,411 --> 01:05:09,711
All around,
flashbulbs were going off.
788
01:05:09,815 --> 01:05:12,443
I felt bitter.
789
01:05:12,518 --> 01:05:15,351
It's not a movie.
790
01:05:15,421 --> 01:05:22,384
It's our people we're talking about!
791
01:05:22,461 --> 01:05:27,626
Two were already murdered, and
they were making a show out of it.
792
01:05:30,269 --> 01:05:33,966
One of the helicopters now proceeds
out over the Olympic site...
793
01:05:34,040 --> 01:05:36,941
...out over the main stadium
where half the lights are on.
794
01:05:36,976 --> 01:05:39,968
The second helicopter
is now following it...
795
01:05:40,046 --> 01:05:42,844
...and moving out around
this tremendously high...
796
01:05:42,949 --> 01:05:45,645
...major Olympic tower
as they depart...
797
01:05:45,751 --> 01:05:49,710
...to a destination we, of course,
as yet do not know.
798
01:05:53,993 --> 01:05:56,223
And we, with the German team...
799
01:05:56,295 --> 01:05:58,763
...we moved to the third helicopter.
800
01:06:00,266 --> 01:06:03,394
The third helicopter
now moving right by us...
801
01:06:03,469 --> 01:06:05,460
...right over the Olympic village...
802
01:06:05,571 --> 01:06:07,471
...passing now
over the main stadium.
803
01:06:07,573 --> 01:06:09,768
All the lights on
in this Olympic site...
804
01:06:09,875 --> 01:06:11,672
...an Olympic site
which for more than a week now...
805
01:06:11,777 --> 01:06:14,439
...has been a place of serenity
and comradeship...
806
01:06:14,513 --> 01:06:18,074
...an Olympic village which, in spite of
some political crisis, has been happy...
807
01:06:18,184 --> 01:06:20,744
...and now today has been
absolutely shattered...
808
01:06:20,820 --> 01:06:22,515
...by this tragedy.
809
01:07:06,432 --> 01:07:08,059
As we were flying...
810
01:07:08,134 --> 01:07:11,262
...we began to get the feeling
that a trap was waiting for us...
811
01:07:11,337 --> 01:07:14,238
...so we began to prepare ourselves.
812
01:07:27,353 --> 01:07:31,881
In the event of an ambush,
we had been told to fight...
813
01:07:31,957 --> 01:07:34,721
...with all our strength,
as though in battle.
814
01:07:34,794 --> 01:07:39,663
We were to do
everything necessary...
815
01:07:39,698 --> 01:07:44,658
...to defend ourselves
and our operation.
816
01:08:15,701 --> 01:08:17,931
The marksmen,
who had no radio links...
817
01:08:18,003 --> 01:08:21,461
...were still only expecting
a total of five terrorists.
818
01:08:21,540 --> 01:08:24,338
Nobody from the village
thought to inform them...
819
01:08:24,410 --> 01:08:26,742
...that there were now known
to be eight.
820
01:08:27,947 --> 01:08:31,212
We rushed quickly
into the main building...
821
01:08:31,317 --> 01:08:32,784
...we moved to the second floor.
822
01:08:32,852 --> 01:08:35,252
It was dark...
dark in the place.
823
01:08:35,321 --> 01:08:39,724
There were very many people in
the corridors and around the building...
824
01:08:39,758 --> 01:08:41,623
...behind the building.
825
01:08:41,727 --> 01:08:46,323
From the window we could watch
and see the two helicopters...
826
01:08:46,432 --> 01:08:48,457
...landing in front of us.
827
01:08:57,243 --> 01:08:58,540
Just as the helicopters...
828
01:08:58,644 --> 01:09:01,442
...bearing the Palestinians
and Israelis were landing...
829
01:09:01,547 --> 01:09:04,072
...the police squad
assigned to the decoy plane...
830
01:09:04,150 --> 01:09:06,345
...fearing that
they were under-trained...
831
01:09:06,452 --> 01:09:08,511
...took a vote
to abandon their mission.
832
01:09:10,089 --> 01:09:13,547
It was quite simply
a suicide mission...
833
01:09:13,592 --> 01:09:16,186
...and we unanimously voted
to abandon it.
834
01:09:16,262 --> 01:09:20,358
And this was seconds before...
not even minutes...
835
01:09:20,466 --> 01:09:22,764
...seconds before
the helicopters landed.
836
01:09:25,671 --> 01:09:28,162
I told the minister,
I said, "I'm sure...
837
01:09:28,274 --> 01:09:30,299
...this will blow the whole affair."
838
01:09:32,978 --> 01:09:36,436
The Germans had marksmen
on the roof of the control tower...
839
01:09:36,515 --> 01:09:38,483
...and marksmen at ground level...
840
01:09:38,517 --> 01:09:40,985
...but they had no communications
between each other.
841
01:09:41,020 --> 01:09:43,181
They were just briefed to shoot.
842
01:09:43,289 --> 01:09:46,053
When the first marksmen opened fire,
they would all open fire...
843
01:09:46,125 --> 01:09:48,252
...but there was
no coordination of targets.
844
01:09:49,695 --> 01:09:54,792
Some of us got out of
the helicopters...
845
01:09:54,900 --> 01:09:58,961
...but others waited inside it with
the hostages, who were now very scared.
846
01:09:59,038 --> 01:10:03,202
We told them that it was in everybody's
interests for them to remain quiet.
847
01:10:07,746 --> 01:10:11,739
Now, the leader of the team,
he and another one...
848
01:10:11,817 --> 01:10:15,810
...went to check the aircraft.
849
01:10:15,921 --> 01:10:18,253
The Palestinians
were obviously missing...
850
01:10:18,324 --> 01:10:20,656
...the whole crew,
because they came back...
851
01:10:20,726 --> 01:10:21,988
...and were yelling.
852
01:10:22,061 --> 01:10:24,529
They were, of course, excited.
853
01:10:29,034 --> 01:10:32,595
As the leader returned
from the airplane...
854
01:10:32,671 --> 01:10:35,731
...the whole area suddenly lit up...
855
01:10:35,841 --> 01:10:38,969
...and an enormous
amount of firing started.
856
01:10:42,181 --> 01:10:48,950
So we all opened fire in the direction
the shooting was coming from.
857
01:10:59,965 --> 01:11:02,331
And a key marksman was moving
from one position...
858
01:11:02,401 --> 01:11:04,392
...to another, blocked by a pillar...
859
01:11:04,470 --> 01:11:05,630
Gerald Seymour
ITN News Reporter...
860
01:11:05,704 --> 01:11:08,036
...to get into another shooting position
when the shooting started...
861
01:11:08,107 --> 01:11:12,407
...and therefore missed the crucial shot
against the Black September commander.
862
01:11:12,478 --> 01:11:16,881
Issa managed to get back to the cover
of the helicopters unscathed.
863
01:11:16,915 --> 01:11:20,646
Sniper Two was more successful,
seriously wounding Issa's deputy.
864
01:11:22,721 --> 01:11:26,122
Snipers Three and Four opened fire
on the six terrorists...
865
01:11:26,191 --> 01:11:28,056
...guarding the helicopters...
866
01:11:28,127 --> 01:11:31,255
...but inexplicably
managed to kill only one.
867
01:11:31,330 --> 01:11:34,788
Sniper Five did not fire
a single shot.
868
01:11:34,833 --> 01:11:38,098
Because the helicopters had been
landed in the wrong place...
869
01:11:38,203 --> 01:11:40,398
...he found himself
in the direct line of fire...
870
01:11:40,506 --> 01:11:42,974
...of his fellow marksmen
on the tower.
871
01:11:43,042 --> 01:11:46,011
Like the others, he had not been
supplied with a bulletproof vest...
872
01:11:46,045 --> 01:11:50,641
...or steel helmet and found himself
hopelessly exposed.
873
01:11:50,716 --> 01:11:54,117
Meanwhile, a policeman standing
by a window inside the tower...
874
01:11:54,219 --> 01:11:57,950
...was killed when a stray bullet
struck him in the head.
875
01:11:58,023 --> 01:12:00,014
They weren't capable.
876
01:12:00,125 --> 01:12:02,787
I can tell you that I doubt
whether the snipers...
877
01:12:02,861 --> 01:12:06,524
...were really snipers
according to what I listened to.
878
01:12:06,632 --> 01:12:09,032
One was lying on the roof...
879
01:12:09,134 --> 01:12:10,465
...not far away from us.
880
01:12:10,536 --> 01:12:13,471
He wasn't firing
with a sniper's rifle.
881
01:12:13,539 --> 01:12:17,066
But they didn't see it.
They didn't see the targets.
882
01:12:17,976 --> 01:12:19,307
Unbelievable.
883
01:12:21,447 --> 01:12:23,438
The latest word
we get from the airport...
884
01:12:23,549 --> 01:12:26,347
...is that, quote, "All hell
has broken loose out there"...
885
01:12:26,452 --> 01:12:28,352
...that there is still shooting going on...
886
01:12:28,454 --> 01:12:30,513
...but all seems to be confusion.
887
01:12:30,589 --> 01:12:32,079
Nothing is nailed down.
888
01:12:32,157 --> 01:12:34,489
We have no idea what has happened
to the hostages.
889
01:12:36,161 --> 01:12:39,130
The leader was now
on his feet again and shooting...
890
01:12:39,198 --> 01:12:42,599
...but his deputy
was seriously wounded.
891
01:12:42,668 --> 01:12:49,733
I crawled over to him
and was hit in the hand.
892
01:12:49,808 --> 01:12:52,868
My gun flew from my hand.
893
01:12:52,978 --> 01:12:58,109
I tried to grab his gun
so I could head for cover...
894
01:12:58,183 --> 01:13:00,174
...but I just couldn't do it.
895
01:13:00,285 --> 01:13:02,276
And I only hope that our people...
896
01:13:02,388 --> 01:13:05,380
...and the Israelis, that they could
get out of the helicopter...
897
01:13:05,491 --> 01:13:07,425
...but they had tied them together
or whatever...
898
01:13:07,493 --> 01:13:10,894
...and so they couldn't leave
the helicopters.
899
01:13:21,907 --> 01:13:24,432
The entire area
is ringed off by troops...
900
01:13:24,510 --> 01:13:27,707
...heavily armed troops with dogs,
keeping everybody away.
901
01:13:27,813 --> 01:13:31,340
We tried to approach, were stopped by
one of the guards with a machine gun...
902
01:13:31,417 --> 01:13:33,146
...and he said, " Do not come closer.
903
01:13:33,218 --> 01:13:35,209
They're heavily armed.
You're going to get hurt."
904
01:13:38,657 --> 01:13:41,023
But it's total confusion out there.
905
01:13:41,126 --> 01:13:43,890
Just about everybody
and his brother and his sister...
906
01:13:43,962 --> 01:13:46,590
...got into their cars
and they've driven to the area.
907
01:13:46,665 --> 01:13:47,654
They've clogged the roads.
908
01:13:47,733 --> 01:13:49,997
Police reinforcements
had a bad time getting there...
909
01:13:50,068 --> 01:13:53,265
...because all of these people
are curious, flocking to the area...
910
01:13:53,338 --> 01:13:54,396
...clogging up the roads.
911
01:13:54,473 --> 01:13:55,735
Just absolute confusion.
912
01:14:01,246 --> 01:14:04,511
Then I decided to try and find
the commander of the police...
913
01:14:04,583 --> 01:14:06,141
...and then we said...
914
01:14:06,251 --> 01:14:08,344
Zvi Zamir, Chief of Mossad
1968-74
915
01:14:08,454 --> 01:14:09,978
"What else?
What are you doing?"
916
01:14:10,055 --> 01:14:13,616
Then he said
that he is waiting...
917
01:14:13,692 --> 01:14:15,717
...for armored cars to arrive...
918
01:14:15,794 --> 01:14:18,786
...from somewhere near Munich.
919
01:14:20,399 --> 01:14:23,266
The police had forgotten
to order the armored cars...
920
01:14:23,368 --> 01:14:25,768
...to come to the airport earlier...
921
01:14:25,804 --> 01:14:28,864
...and it was only now,
20 minutes after the shooting began...
922
01:14:28,974 --> 01:14:31,101
...that they radioed to Munich
for them to be sent.
923
01:14:31,176 --> 01:14:34,111
But because the roads
were congested with onlookers...
924
01:14:34,179 --> 01:14:37,205
...they did not arrive at the scene
for another hour...
925
01:14:37,282 --> 01:14:39,443
...by which time
most of the fighting was over.
926
01:14:40,786 --> 01:14:42,185
Still no word...
927
01:14:42,287 --> 01:14:44,346
...the word we really want,
from the hostages.
928
01:14:51,797 --> 01:14:54,857
We asked them to let us
go on top of the roof...
929
01:14:54,933 --> 01:14:59,029
...and try to negotiate
with the terrorists.
930
01:15:00,038 --> 01:15:01,699
They refused at the beginning...
931
01:15:01,807 --> 01:15:05,607
...but then they said,
"All right, on certain conditions."
932
01:15:05,711 --> 01:15:07,542
We went up on top of the roof...
933
01:15:07,613 --> 01:15:12,209
...and we started to speak Arabic
to the terrorists.
934
01:15:12,317 --> 01:15:15,548
Their reply was clear,
very clear.
935
01:15:15,621 --> 01:15:18,283
They opened fire on the building.
936
01:15:18,357 --> 01:15:19,688
General Ulrich K. Wegener...
937
01:15:19,758 --> 01:15:23,558
They fired at the tower,
and I told the minister he should lie down...
938
01:15:23,629 --> 01:15:28,362
...and he touched down
under the desk of the commander.
939
01:15:28,433 --> 01:15:31,334
Very funny,
from our view today.
940
01:15:34,273 --> 01:15:37,071
One of the surviving terrorists
now made a dash for it...
941
01:15:37,142 --> 01:15:39,667
...heading straight for Sniper Five.
942
01:15:39,745 --> 01:15:43,044
As the terrorist ran towards him,
Sniper Number Five...
943
01:15:43,148 --> 01:15:45,207
...fired his only shots of the night...
944
01:15:45,284 --> 01:15:48,151
...point-blank
into the fleeing man's face.
945
01:15:48,253 --> 01:15:49,481
Seeing these shots...
946
01:15:49,555 --> 01:15:52,115
...police reinforcements
arriving at the scene...
947
01:15:52,190 --> 01:15:56,058
...with no knowledge of the precise
location of their own snipers...
948
01:15:56,161 --> 01:16:00,120
...mistakenly identified Sniper Five
and the helicopter pilot...
949
01:16:00,198 --> 01:16:02,860
...who had fled for cover beside him
as terrorists...
950
01:16:02,968 --> 01:16:04,936
...and opened fire on them.
951
01:16:05,003 --> 01:16:07,062
Both were seriously wounded.
952
01:16:12,778 --> 01:16:15,042
At midnight
came the official announcement...
953
01:16:15,113 --> 01:16:17,513
...of the spokesman
of the German government...
954
01:16:17,583 --> 01:16:20,848
...who said all the Israelis are saved...
955
01:16:20,919 --> 01:16:23,251
...and all the terrorists are dead.
956
01:16:23,322 --> 01:16:24,880
Conrad Ahlers
German Government Spokesman...
957
01:16:24,990 --> 01:16:29,120
I'm very glad that, as far as we can see now,
this police action was successful.
958
01:16:29,194 --> 01:16:32,595
Of course,
it's an unfortunate interruption...
959
01:16:32,698 --> 01:16:34,825
...of the Olympic Games...
960
01:16:34,900 --> 01:16:38,233
...but, I mean, if all that comes out...
961
01:16:38,303 --> 01:16:41,295
...as we hope it will come out
or has come out...
962
01:16:41,406 --> 01:16:44,307
I think it will be forgotten
after a few weeks.
963
01:16:55,921 --> 01:16:57,013
Ankie Spitzer...
964
01:16:57,122 --> 01:16:59,647
People all over Holland were calling me...
all my friends, my family.
965
01:16:59,725 --> 01:17:02,455
A neighbor came to us
with this bottle of champagne...
966
01:17:02,527 --> 01:17:04,017
Alex Springer...
967
01:17:04,062 --> 01:17:05,552
...and we all...
968
01:17:05,631 --> 01:17:07,326
...was very glad and happy...
969
01:17:07,432 --> 01:17:10,265
...and I think that I went to sleep.
970
01:17:10,335 --> 01:17:13,964
Then the Israeli ambassador
in The Hague, he called me and said...
971
01:17:14,039 --> 01:17:16,439
"Ankie, I just heard the news.
972
01:17:16,541 --> 01:17:18,873
Congratulations,
and everybody is saved...
973
01:17:18,944 --> 01:17:20,502
...and everything is okay."
974
01:17:24,149 --> 01:17:27,209
Originally they said
that the hostages were safe.
975
01:17:27,285 --> 01:17:29,344
Now that has been changed...
976
01:17:29,454 --> 01:17:31,581
...and an Olympic spokesman said...
977
01:17:31,657 --> 01:17:35,058
"We are afraid the information
given so far is too optimistic."
978
01:17:35,093 --> 01:17:36,560
That's where we seem to stand.
979
01:17:39,364 --> 01:17:41,332
So I called the Olympic village.
980
01:17:41,400 --> 01:17:45,700
I called every half-hour, and every
time the news got worse and worse...
981
01:17:45,771 --> 01:17:47,762
...and at 3:00 in the morning I said...
982
01:17:47,873 --> 01:17:50,569
"If you know that something happened,
then you tell me now...
983
01:17:50,676 --> 01:17:52,337
...because I'm not Hercules.
984
01:17:52,411 --> 01:17:54,606
I have been waiting
from 7:00 in the morning...
985
01:17:54,680 --> 01:17:56,773
...and now it's 3:00 the next morning.
986
01:17:56,882 --> 01:17:59,282
I just want to know
what happened to Andre."
987
01:17:59,317 --> 01:18:01,785
We keep hearing
that the indications are not good...
988
01:18:01,887 --> 01:18:06,187
...thatJohnny Klein
may have very bad news.
989
01:18:10,028 --> 01:18:12,428
After almost two hours of fighting...
990
01:18:12,497 --> 01:18:15,398
...one of the surviving Palestinians
threw a hand grenade...
991
01:18:15,434 --> 01:18:17,095
...into the eastern helicopter.
992
01:18:17,202 --> 01:18:19,227
The helicopter was refueled...
993
01:18:19,304 --> 01:18:21,499
...and within minutes...
994
01:18:21,606 --> 01:18:26,043
...the helicopter
and the area around it...
995
01:18:26,111 --> 01:18:28,136
...was in fire.
996
01:18:28,213 --> 01:18:30,704
Simultaneously,
one of his comrades...
997
01:18:30,749 --> 01:18:34,207
...sprayed a full clip of bullets
into the other helicopter.
998
01:18:34,319 --> 01:18:36,287
Then there was silence.
999
01:18:37,322 --> 01:18:38,880
And I told the minister...
1000
01:18:38,957 --> 01:18:41,448
"I think I have to go to look
for what the police is doing."
1001
01:18:41,526 --> 01:18:46,122
And then I went to the captain
of the police company there...
1002
01:18:46,231 --> 01:18:48,927
...and said,
"Are you going to do something?
1003
01:18:49,034 --> 01:18:51,764
You have to move your people there.
1004
01:18:51,837 --> 01:18:55,295
You pull out the hostages
or whatever, you know...
1005
01:18:55,373 --> 01:18:57,364
...and do something."
1006
01:18:57,442 --> 01:18:59,774
They didn't do anything.
"I have no orders," he said.
1007
01:19:02,447 --> 01:19:03,744
It was...
1008
01:19:03,849 --> 01:19:07,250
It was a really tragic story...
1009
01:19:07,285 --> 01:19:10,652
...and so we could only look,
you know.
1010
01:19:10,756 --> 01:19:13,054
And when after...
1011
01:19:13,158 --> 01:19:15,183
You could hear them yelling,
you know.
1012
01:19:16,361 --> 01:19:18,386
We've just gotten the final word.
1013
01:19:18,463 --> 01:19:20,397
When I was a kid,
my father used to say...
1014
01:19:20,465 --> 01:19:22,626
"Our greatest hopes and our
worst fears are seldom realized."
1015
01:19:22,701 --> 01:19:25,101
Our worst fears
have been realized tonight.
1016
01:19:25,170 --> 01:19:27,934
They have now said
that there were 11 hostages.
1017
01:19:28,006 --> 01:19:30,270
Two were killed in their rooms...
1018
01:19:31,576 --> 01:19:33,476
...yesterday morning.
1019
01:19:33,578 --> 01:19:37,878
Nine were killed
at the airport tonight.
1020
01:19:37,983 --> 01:19:39,416
They're all gone.
1021
01:23:37,655 --> 01:23:40,351
That afternoon,
the Games continued.
1022
01:23:41,826 --> 01:23:43,794
The surviving members
of the Israeli team...
1023
01:23:43,862 --> 01:23:45,853
...flew home with their dead.
1024
01:23:47,932 --> 01:23:49,957
The bodies of the five
dead Palestinians...
1025
01:23:50,035 --> 01:23:53,869
...were handed over to Libya,
where they received a hero's funeral.
1026
01:24:20,465 --> 01:24:21,625
Mohammed Safady, Aged 19
1027
01:24:21,699 --> 01:24:23,826
The three surviving terrorists
were never to stand trial.
1028
01:24:23,902 --> 01:24:24,869
Adnan Al Gashey, Aged 27
1029
01:24:24,969 --> 01:24:27,370
Jamal Al Gashey, Aged 18
1030
01:24:27,405 --> 01:24:29,965
Seven weeks later,
a Lufthansa jet...
1031
01:24:30,075 --> 01:24:33,476
...en route from Beirut to Frankfurt
was hijacked.
1032
01:24:33,511 --> 01:24:37,743
The hijackers demanded the release
of the three Munich terrorists.
1033
01:24:37,816 --> 01:24:42,412
Acting with indecent haste and without
consulting the Israeli government...
1034
01:24:42,487 --> 01:24:45,115
...the Germans
handed over the three prisoners.
1035
01:24:47,625 --> 01:24:50,025
The circumstances
surrounding the hijacking...
1036
01:24:50,095 --> 01:24:52,393
...have long been thought suspicious.
1037
01:24:52,497 --> 01:24:56,797
Why were only 12 passengers
on board such a large plane?
1038
01:24:56,835 --> 01:24:58,564
Why no women or children?
1039
01:24:58,636 --> 01:25:02,538
Why such haste in agreeing
to the hijackers'demands?
1040
01:25:02,607 --> 01:25:04,973
For the first time, one of
the Palestinians involved...
1041
01:25:05,043 --> 01:25:08,376
...has revealed
that the entire affair was a setup...
1042
01:25:08,446 --> 01:25:12,849
...organized by the German government
in collusion with the terrorists.
1043
01:25:12,917 --> 01:25:14,851
The Germans thought
that in this way...
1044
01:25:14,919 --> 01:25:17,820
...they would prevent future
terror attacks on their country...
1045
01:25:17,856 --> 01:25:23,453
...and dispose the embarrassing evidence
of their failure that day in September.
1046
01:25:23,528 --> 01:25:24,859
I think...
1047
01:25:24,929 --> 01:25:28,330
I think it's probably true, yes.
1048
01:25:29,335 --> 01:25:32,668
At this time,
the mentality was so, you know.
1049
01:25:33,738 --> 01:25:34,727
Really.
1050
01:25:34,839 --> 01:25:34,870
Hans Jochen Vogel
Mayor of Munich 1960-1972
1051
01:25:36,941 --> 01:25:39,603
On such questions, Willy Brandt,
as I remember very well...
1052
01:25:39,677 --> 01:25:41,770
...always made this gesture.
1053
01:25:44,449 --> 01:25:46,212
I can't say and do more.
1054
01:25:53,091 --> 01:25:56,083
29th October 1972
Terrorists arrive in Libya...
1055
01:25:56,161 --> 01:25:59,358
Did you shoot
any of the Israeli hostages?
1056
01:25:59,464 --> 01:26:04,492
It's not important to say
if I killed Israeli or not.
1057
01:26:05,670 --> 01:26:07,137
What do you think you achieved?
1058
01:26:14,812 --> 01:26:17,872
One would have...
We have made our voice heard...
1059
01:26:17,982 --> 01:26:19,950
...by the world...
1060
01:26:20,018 --> 01:26:21,315
Are those your words?
1061
01:26:25,123 --> 01:26:26,420
- Of course.
- The same thing.
1062
01:26:26,491 --> 01:26:30,427
They have made their voice heard
by the universe or the world...
1063
01:26:30,495 --> 01:26:32,554
...who has not been hearing before.
1064
01:26:39,504 --> 01:26:42,473
I'm proud of what I did at Munich...
1065
01:26:42,540 --> 01:26:45,873
...because it helped
the Palestinian cause enormously.
1066
01:26:45,944 --> 01:26:49,311
Before Munich the world had no idea
about our struggle...
1067
01:26:49,414 --> 01:26:53,817
...but on that day the name of"Palestine"
was repeated all over the world.
1068
01:27:01,726 --> 01:27:05,685
It was only a year and three months
that I was married to Andre Spitzer.
1069
01:27:08,333 --> 01:27:11,632
But I remember that year
as the most beautiful...
1070
01:27:11,736 --> 01:27:13,795
...and most wonderful year of my life.
1071
01:27:23,948 --> 01:27:26,416
This is the grave
of Amitzur Shapiro.
1072
01:27:26,484 --> 01:27:28,577
He was the athletics coach.
1073
01:27:28,653 --> 01:27:32,453
He had four little children,
one my age.
1074
01:27:33,758 --> 01:27:36,556
And here is Kehat Shorr.
1075
01:27:36,661 --> 01:27:38,891
He was the shooting coach.
1076
01:27:42,166 --> 01:27:44,828
Eliezer Halfin was a wrestler...
1077
01:27:44,902 --> 01:27:49,862
...and so was Mark Slavin,
who I think was only 18 years old.
1078
01:27:52,076 --> 01:27:54,067
And here's my father's grave.
1079
01:27:56,281 --> 01:27:57,475
Anouk Spitzer...
1080
01:27:57,582 --> 01:28:00,346
And it says on it his name: Andre Spitzer.
1081
01:28:00,418 --> 01:28:03,478
It says, "Son of Tibor,
fencing coach...
1082
01:28:04,722 --> 01:28:07,850
...murdered by... Killed by murderers...
1083
01:28:07,925 --> 01:28:09,916
...in the Olympic Games in Munich...
1084
01:28:09,994 --> 01:28:12,986
...as a representative
of the Israeli sport."
1085
01:28:13,031 --> 01:28:17,229
Then it says his date of birth
and the date that he was murdered.
1086
01:28:18,202 --> 01:28:22,536
And I always bring him sunflowers
because that's his favorite flower.
1087
01:28:23,536 --> 01:28:33,536
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