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NARRATOR: A
terrifying Nazi plan.
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An armada of super-ships sent
out to conquer the world.
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TONY: When these ships
were being built,
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they seemed revolutionary.
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They were capable
of almost anything.
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NARRATOR: They are
fast and lethal.
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JAMES: When it punched
it punched hard.
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NARRATOR: But in a
series of epic battles,
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Hitler's mighty killer
warships are sent plunging
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to the bottom of the seas.
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FREDRIK: That's a big hole.
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NARRATOR: Imagine if we
could empty the oceans,
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letting the water drain
away to reveal the secrets
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00:00:43,244 --> 00:00:45,513
of the sea floor?
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Now we can, using
accurate data and
astonishing technology,
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to bring light
once again to a lost world.
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What can shattered
remains in a Norwegian fjord
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tell us about the Nazi
Navy's fatal weakness?
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ERIC: The Norwegians decided
they ought to open fire,
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which they did, with
very great effect.
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NARRATOR: Can a tangled wreck
in South America reveal the
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truth behind a
shocking sacrifice?
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JAMES: Hitler would have
preferred a blazing battle out
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of a Wagner opera.
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NARRATOR: And can the remains
of Hitler's largest ever
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battleship reveal evidence of
a secret Allied wonder weapon?
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(theme music plays).
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In the 1930s, Britannia
still rules the waves,
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with the world's largest
and most powerful Navy.
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But as soon as Hitler
seizes power in 1933,
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he sets out to challenge it.
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ERIC: Hitler had introduced
this plan to build this huge
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fleet, ten battleships,
four aircraft carriers,
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160 destroyers,
tens of cruisers.
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NARRATOR: When the
War begins in 1939,
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much of this gigantic fleet
is still on the drawing board,
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but Hitler does have
something special.
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Powerful ocean raiders,
capable of matching anything
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in the Royal Navy, immediately
deployed, with deadly effect.
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In the South Atlantic,
Nazi raider, Graf Spee,
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is hunting down merchant
convoys carrying vital
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supplies to Europe.
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In just three months,
she sinks nine ships.
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Allied warships race
to hunt her down.
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Three British cruisers,
Exeter, Ajax and Achilles,
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spot their enemy off
the coast of Uruguay.
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The British open fire.
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It's the first major sea
battle of World War II.
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For the Graf Spee,
it's also her last.
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But at the battle site itself,
there's no sign of her.
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(radio chatter)
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Jim Delgado, maritime
archaeologist from
SEARCH, Inc.,
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is heading into the
treacherous River Plate,
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searching for the wreck.
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The waters here are
turbulent and murky,
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so Jim is using high-tech
multi-beam sonar to scan
the estuary.
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JAMES: We're in shallow water.
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ALFREDO: Very shallow waters
between eight to ten meters.
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NARRATOR: With him is
experienced Graf Spee
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researcher,
Alfredo Etchegaray.
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If they find it,
he'll recognize it.
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ALFREDO: The total length
was about 188 meters.
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JAMES: Right.
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NARRATOR: The Graf Spee
is a small battleship,
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for good reason.
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After World War I, German
naval construction
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is tightly regulated.
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Her warships must be
small in number and size.
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(speaking German)
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But Hitler works
around the rules,
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creating a class of
warship that's compact,
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but also very powerful,
like the Graf Spee.
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JAMES: Graf Spee is
designed to be a fast,
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hit and run raider.
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It's "Panzerschiff," it's
a panther on the seas.
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NARRATOR: With her
thin armor plating,
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the Graf Spee is light,
fast and maneuverable,
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and armed to the teeth.
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Six 11 inch guns and
eight torpedo tubes.
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JAMES: Wow!
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NARRATOR: There's a wreck.
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JAMES: OK, wow!
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So, it's still pretty intact.
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You've got your bow here,
decking is missing there,
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but there's
forward gun turret.
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ALFREDO: Yes.
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JAMES: Right here, yes?
ALFREDO: That's right.
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NARRATOR: The sonar images
match Alfredo's plans.
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It's definitely the Graf Spee.
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So, why is it lying on
the ocean floor here,
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far from the scene
of the battle?
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JAMES: There's something
more that goes on here.
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NARRATOR: Diving the
wreck is difficult.
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The waters here are dangerous,
with almost zero visibility,
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but by using the scan
data, we can make the
South Atlantic disappear,
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to let light fall once again
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on one of Hitler's
favorite warships,
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seeing the Graf Spee for
the first time in 80 years.
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Much of her is intact.
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But the hull has
suffered badly.
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And at the stern, the whole
rear section is blown off,
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completely separated
from the hull.
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Can the battle
explain this damage?
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JAMES: Three small British
vessels were outgunned and
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outmatched by Graf Spee.
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NARRATOR: The
encounter is intense.
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The Graf Spee pounds
the British cruisers,
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causing immense damage.
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But then the German Captain
makes a tactical error.
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He moves in too close,
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allowing the British to
surround their prey.
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ERIC: The three British
cruisers peppered Graf Spee
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with eight inch and
six inch shells.
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They scored some quite
significant hits.
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They put a big hole
through the bow.
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NARRATOR: But the shell damage
alone could not have been
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enough to sink her,
because the wreck is here,
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hundreds of miles
from the battle site.
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Local archives show that
on December 14th,
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the Graf Spee sails into
the Uruguayan capital of
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Montevideo for
essential repairs.
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Her Captain, Hans Langsdorff,
thinks his ship will be safe
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in this neutral country.
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JAMES: When he came in here,
he was low on ammunition,
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he had a ship that was
shot full of holes,
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had some critical
systems down.
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And he also had 1,000 crew,
many of 'em young boys.
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NARRATOR: Meanwhile, the
Royal Navy is gathering
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strength offshore.
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ERIC: And all the time they
keep watch in international
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waters, waiting to
see what he'll do.
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NARRATOR: Langsdorff
requests 15 days to make
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essential repairs.
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Uruguay may be neutral, but
the Allies are important trade
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partners, so the Government
gives him just three days.
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The Captain has two choices,
remain in Uruguay and have his
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ship impounded, or leave port
and face the British fleet.
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JAMES: The difficult choice he
now has to make is does he go
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back out and fight, or
does he do something else?
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00:10:07,708 --> 00:10:11,211
NARRATOR: With a battle-scarred
ship and low on ammunition,
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Langsdorff leaves port
with just a skeleton crew.
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It looks like a
suicide mission,
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but the Captain
has another plan.
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JAMES: He decides to
do something else,
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and that's to
scuttle his ship.
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NARRATOR: At 7:55 PM,
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on December 17th,
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massive charges on
the ship explode,
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bombs carefully placed by
the Graf Spee's own crew.
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One is so powerful, the
stern is blown clean off.
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The Graf Spee starts to
sink into the mud of
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the River Plate.
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The Führer is enraged.
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JAMES: What Hitler would have
preferred was something out of
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a Wagner opera, with
Langsdorff and his crew dying
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heroically in a blazing
battle that saw Graf Spee
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explode and sink.
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NARRATOR: Langsdorff
is labeled a coward.
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In his hotel room,
he commits suicide.
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Hitler has lost one of
his deadliest battleships,
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but how does a wreck in
Scandinavia reveal his
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determination to build
still more of them?
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NARRATOR: Oslofjord, Norway.
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Nearly 500 feet of
deep, dark water.
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The research
vessel, Simrad Echo,
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is out hunting for
a lost Nazi raider,
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a key part of Hitler's
plans for an armada of
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super-warships.
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Maritime archaeologist,
Fredrik Søreide,
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is fascinated by them.
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MAN: Oh, there it is!
MAN: This is it, right there.
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MAN: Oh, yeah, it's coming.
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MAN: Yeah.
MAN: OK.
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FREDRIK: So, we're doing a
multi-beam scan of the sea
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floor and we have just come
over the wreck of the Blücher,
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so it's a big structure.
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NARRATOR: Today, the Blücher
lies over 300 feet down.
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The team deploys a
remotely operated vehicle
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with video cameras.
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00:13:20,200 --> 00:13:25,505
Fredrik knows the Blücher
was lost in April 1940,
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so what was a huge Nazi warship
doing in these neutral waters?
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To unravel the mystery means
understanding Hitler's naval
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master plan in more detail.
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00:13:46,226 --> 00:13:49,329
Six months into the conflict,
the German Navy is still
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heavily outnumbered.
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The Nazis need to build, fast,
but Germany is running out of
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raw materials.
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00:14:03,376 --> 00:14:05,913
TONY: Hitler needs as
much iron as he can get.
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00:14:07,414 --> 00:14:10,050
NARRATOR: Starved of steel
and the iron ore to make it,
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Hitler has only one
option, to crush his
northern neighbor, Norway.
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The port of Narvik is key.
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00:14:23,630 --> 00:14:26,433
It's the route out for
shipping iron ore to Germany
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from the mines in
northern Scandinavia.
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00:14:30,670 --> 00:14:34,207
Hitler also knows that
Norway's long coastline gives
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00:14:34,241 --> 00:14:36,776
easy access to the
North Atlantic,
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00:14:36,809 --> 00:14:40,480
where his raiders can
strike at a moment's notice.
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00:14:41,414 --> 00:14:45,485
TONY: The double whammy
of needing this iron ore,
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00:14:45,518 --> 00:14:49,689
plus the ability of Norway
to protect his ships,
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00:14:49,722 --> 00:14:52,592
many of which will have been
built out of that iron ore,
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00:14:52,625 --> 00:14:54,127
makes Norway vital.
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NARRATOR: The Nazis
need to move fast,
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00:14:58,165 --> 00:15:01,768
so they assemble the most
powerful naval force they
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00:15:01,801 --> 00:15:07,174
have, led by a brand-new
fighting ship, the Blücher.
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00:15:11,078 --> 00:15:14,447
Weighing in at
over 14,000 tons,
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00:15:14,481 --> 00:15:17,384
this warship breaks all the
limits imposed on Germany
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00:15:17,417 --> 00:15:20,287
after World War I.
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00:15:22,355 --> 00:15:26,293
Fore and aft, pairs of
innovative stacked guns for
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00:15:26,326 --> 00:15:30,964
rapid firing, and a powerful
anti-aircraft battery,
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00:15:30,998 --> 00:15:35,002
all making the Blücher
Hitler's Number One choice to
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00:15:35,035 --> 00:15:37,137
lead this critical attack.
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00:15:39,439 --> 00:15:42,976
It's secret mission,
sail up Oslofjord,
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00:15:43,010 --> 00:15:46,646
train it's terrifying
guns on the Royal Palace,
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00:15:46,679 --> 00:15:51,251
and force Norway to surrender
without firing a shot.
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00:15:52,885 --> 00:15:55,555
Hitler is not expecting a
lot of resistance from this
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00:15:55,588 --> 00:15:59,559
neutral country, but
the Blücher never makes
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00:15:59,592 --> 00:16:01,694
it to Oslo.
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00:16:04,131 --> 00:16:06,833
Back on the Simrad Echo,
Fredrik is trying to
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00:16:06,866 --> 00:16:09,036
find out why.
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00:16:09,269 --> 00:16:12,005
FREDRIK: So we think we're
looking at one of the gun
220
00:16:12,039 --> 00:16:14,074
turrets that's
fallen off, probably.
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00:16:14,107 --> 00:16:17,677
NARRATOR: These cameras can
only show a limited view
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00:16:17,710 --> 00:16:19,612
of the wreck.
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00:16:21,448 --> 00:16:22,949
FREDRIK: That's a big hole.
224
00:16:24,984 --> 00:16:28,188
NARRATOR: But using the
high-resolution scan data,
we can now do better,
225
00:16:31,391 --> 00:16:33,493
draining back the icy waters
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00:16:33,526 --> 00:16:38,598
to see the Blücher
clearly for the first
time since she set out to
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00:16:38,631 --> 00:16:41,768
bully a nation into surrender.
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00:16:42,935 --> 00:16:49,242
A massive hull, over 670 feet
long, face down in the mud.
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00:16:57,984 --> 00:17:02,255
Amid ships, a gaping wound
clearly visible in the hull.
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00:17:05,592 --> 00:17:08,395
The Blücher lies tilted
on her left side,
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00:17:08,428 --> 00:17:12,031
part of the keel lying hidden
from view beneath the mud,
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00:17:12,065 --> 00:17:16,736
but penetrating
under the mud itself,
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00:17:16,769 --> 00:17:21,874
it's possible to reveal
something never seen before.
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00:17:23,710 --> 00:17:27,947
Two gigantic holes
below the water line,
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00:17:30,083 --> 00:17:32,585
both of them fatal.
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00:17:35,588 --> 00:17:37,957
FREDRIK: There is no doubt
that the ship would sink as a
237
00:17:37,990 --> 00:17:40,960
result of getting
such a hard impact.
238
00:17:42,495 --> 00:17:44,664
NARRATOR: And the
mystery deepens.
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00:17:46,366 --> 00:17:50,337
The Allies have no surface
warships near Oslo.
240
00:17:53,206 --> 00:17:57,076
And the Norwegians have no
active submarines in the area.
241
00:17:59,412 --> 00:18:02,048
What could have
caused the holes?
242
00:18:12,992 --> 00:18:15,862
Investigation reveals
something extraordinary below
243
00:18:15,895 --> 00:18:20,400
the surface, a
mysterious cave.
244
00:18:22,535 --> 00:18:27,006
In 1940, the Germans
know nothing about it.
245
00:18:30,677 --> 00:18:33,880
ERIC: The Norwegians were,
and still are, to some extent,
246
00:18:33,913 --> 00:18:36,716
very good at keeping secrets
about their coast defenses.
247
00:18:36,749 --> 00:18:40,787
NARRATOR: Cut into the rock
face, a hidden entrance.
248
00:18:43,256 --> 00:18:46,426
Historian, Tony Pollard,
is investigating.
249
00:18:54,367 --> 00:18:57,204
It's a secret torpedo
launch chamber.
250
00:18:59,372 --> 00:19:01,208
TONY: These are incredible!
251
00:19:01,241 --> 00:19:06,379
The shaft just sinks down and
the torpedoes presumably load
252
00:19:06,413 --> 00:19:07,947
from the back.
253
00:19:10,149 --> 00:19:12,952
NARRATOR: A double cradle
hangs over the shaft.
254
00:19:12,985 --> 00:19:17,857
Torpedoes are slid
into the frame,
255
00:19:17,890 --> 00:19:23,196
winched down into
the water and fired.
256
00:19:26,333 --> 00:19:28,535
TONY: There's no indication
whatsoever to the enemy.
257
00:19:28,568 --> 00:19:30,937
There's no splash as this
thing hits the water.
258
00:19:30,970 --> 00:19:33,673
It's, it's literally coming
out of the solid rock.
259
00:19:33,706 --> 00:19:35,475
It's amazing!
260
00:19:35,508 --> 00:19:38,445
NARRATOR: So, what happens on
the night the Blücher is sent
261
00:19:38,478 --> 00:19:40,880
to conquer Norway?
262
00:19:44,016 --> 00:19:46,953
Early morning,
all seems quiet.
263
00:19:48,154 --> 00:19:51,558
Heavily armed, the Blücher
brazenly leads a task force
264
00:19:51,591 --> 00:19:53,893
right into Oslofjord.
265
00:19:57,764 --> 00:20:00,667
They're not expecting
any resistance.
266
00:20:04,437 --> 00:20:08,875
Certainly not from the 19th
Century Oscarsborg Fortress.
267
00:20:10,910 --> 00:20:12,178
ERIC: The Germans, I
think, thought that,
268
00:20:12,211 --> 00:20:13,646
"Well, we don't have to
worry about this.
269
00:20:13,680 --> 00:20:15,214
They won't fire,
and if they do,
270
00:20:15,248 --> 00:20:16,616
it won't be effective."
271
00:20:16,649 --> 00:20:18,785
But they were putting
their head into a noose.
272
00:20:21,288 --> 00:20:23,690
NARRATOR: The Commander of the
Garrison spots the Blücher and
273
00:20:23,723 --> 00:20:26,326
her task force approaching.
274
00:20:27,760 --> 00:20:30,530
As the German ships pass
in front of the fortress,
275
00:20:30,563 --> 00:20:33,566
he opens fire.
276
00:20:36,536 --> 00:20:40,106
Multiple shell strikes on
Blücher cause severe damage.
277
00:20:42,975 --> 00:20:46,779
Fires break out on board,
her rudder is jammed,
278
00:20:46,813 --> 00:20:53,119
but the Blücher limps
on, unaware of the
impending danger.
279
00:20:55,288 --> 00:20:57,990
ERIC: Having a secret torpedo
nest in the island could come
280
00:20:58,024 --> 00:20:59,692
as a very nasty shock.
281
00:21:00,159 --> 00:21:04,297
NARRATOR: Each weapon carries
220 pounds of high explosives.
282
00:21:13,039 --> 00:21:15,174
ERIC: Cause torpedoes
hit below the waterline,
283
00:21:15,207 --> 00:21:17,644
where the water comes in
quite rapidly, and it did.
284
00:21:21,548 --> 00:21:24,517
NARRATOR: It takes just two
torpedoes to stop the mighty
285
00:21:24,551 --> 00:21:26,919
Blücher in her tracks.
286
00:21:32,191 --> 00:21:34,427
And she soon capsizes.
287
00:21:39,031 --> 00:21:42,902
Hitler calls on the Luftwaffe
and his Army to finish the
288
00:21:42,935 --> 00:21:48,207
job, and eventually they
do seize control of Norway,
289
00:21:48,240 --> 00:21:53,646
but his plan for a world class
Navy has taken another blow.
290
00:21:53,913 --> 00:21:55,882
TONY: The loss of the Blücher
is particularly important.
291
00:21:55,915 --> 00:21:58,918
She is another one of these
celebrity ships, brand new,
292
00:21:58,951 --> 00:22:02,722
cutting edge, but she's gone.
293
00:22:03,356 --> 00:22:07,159
She's at the bottom of
this fjord, and, again,
294
00:22:07,193 --> 00:22:10,463
Hitler looks at the
Navy and thinks,
295
00:22:10,497 --> 00:22:12,999
"What the hell's
happening here?"
296
00:22:14,934 --> 00:22:17,904
NARRATOR: But the
Nazis aren't done yet.
297
00:22:17,937 --> 00:22:21,273
One of Hitler's killer
warships is set to achieve
298
00:22:21,307 --> 00:22:24,544
Germany's greatest
ever naval victory,
299
00:22:24,577 --> 00:22:28,347
in a battle of the giants.
300
00:22:33,753 --> 00:22:37,957
NARRATOR: 1941, nearly
18 months into the war.
301
00:22:37,990 --> 00:22:41,327
France has fallen and Britain
relies on supplies from across
302
00:22:41,360 --> 00:22:46,198
the Atlantic, but merchant
convoys are vulnerable to
303
00:22:46,232 --> 00:22:50,036
attack from U-boats
and Nazi ocean raiders.
304
00:22:54,641 --> 00:22:58,678
Most infamous of
all, the Bismarck.
305
00:23:00,613 --> 00:23:06,953
In May, she's hunting Allied
convoys, when HMS Hood,
306
00:23:06,986 --> 00:23:10,790
pride of the Royal
Navy, tracks her down.
307
00:23:12,592 --> 00:23:15,595
The stakes are high in
this heavyweight showdown,
308
00:23:15,628 --> 00:23:18,598
and there can be
only one winner.
309
00:23:23,269 --> 00:23:27,006
So, why are both of these
powerful battleships now lying
310
00:23:27,039 --> 00:23:31,377
in deep waters,
1,100 miles apart?
311
00:23:34,481 --> 00:23:38,250
As battle begins, the Bismarck
has a slight upper hand.
312
00:23:38,284 --> 00:23:41,488
She's brand new and
state of the art.
313
00:23:43,723 --> 00:23:48,160
Her 15 inch can fire
an impressive 24 miles,
314
00:23:48,194 --> 00:23:51,097
and her deck armor
plating is thick,
315
00:23:51,130 --> 00:23:55,034
at nearly five inches offering
excellent protection from
316
00:23:55,067 --> 00:23:57,069
incoming shells.
317
00:23:58,404 --> 00:24:02,475
JAMES: Creating Bismarck is
all part of a larger plan,
318
00:24:02,509 --> 00:24:06,012
to build powerful, iconic
ships that are going to strike
319
00:24:06,045 --> 00:24:09,882
terror enforcing Hitler's
will on the rest of the globe.
320
00:24:11,518 --> 00:24:15,154
NARRATOR: On the British
side, the famous HMS Hood.
321
00:24:15,187 --> 00:24:19,526
She's bigger than
Bismarck, at 860 feet long,
322
00:24:19,559 --> 00:24:23,496
but her main 15 inch
guns are less powerful,
323
00:24:23,530 --> 00:24:28,735
firing just 17 miles, and
her deck armor is thinner,
324
00:24:28,768 --> 00:24:31,403
at three inches.
325
00:24:31,437 --> 00:24:35,441
She's also nearly
25 years old.
326
00:24:39,646 --> 00:24:42,448
DAVID: The Hood had a
tremendous reputation,
327
00:24:42,481 --> 00:24:45,518
not just in the UK,
but around the world.
328
00:24:45,552 --> 00:24:49,756
It was the most powerful,
fastest, most feared,
329
00:24:49,789 --> 00:24:53,292
but also most loved warship
for a 20-year period,
330
00:24:53,325 --> 00:24:56,195
until the launch
of the Bismarck.
331
00:25:00,432 --> 00:25:03,803
NARRATOR: Bismarck leaves
her secret hideout in Norway.
332
00:25:05,371 --> 00:25:07,840
She plots a route through
the Denmark Strait,
333
00:25:07,874 --> 00:25:11,210
west of Iceland, aiming for
the North Atlantic and the
334
00:25:11,243 --> 00:25:12,879
Allied convoys.
335
00:25:15,648 --> 00:25:17,917
But she'll never
make it that far.
336
00:25:20,519 --> 00:25:23,856
British Intelligence discovers
Bismarck is on the move.
337
00:25:23,890 --> 00:25:28,094
Hood is one of three
ships sent to intercept.
338
00:25:29,295 --> 00:25:33,866
So what happens when these
two giants come face to face?
339
00:25:37,604 --> 00:25:39,772
Wreck investigator,
David Mearns,
340
00:25:39,806 --> 00:25:42,408
is tracking down the
wreck of the Hood.
341
00:25:44,376 --> 00:25:48,014
He knows Hitler's top
spec battleship has
the bigger punch,
342
00:25:48,047 --> 00:25:51,918
but just how much damage
can the Bismarck inflict?
343
00:25:55,354 --> 00:25:57,890
The team begins to scan the
sea floor at the last known
344
00:25:57,924 --> 00:26:01,360
location of the Hood
in the Denmark Strait,
345
00:26:01,393 --> 00:26:05,331
but she's proving
tough to find.
346
00:26:10,670 --> 00:26:13,773
Suddenly, the scan reveals
a mysterious crater
347
00:26:13,806 --> 00:26:17,744
almost 330 feet wide.
348
00:26:17,777 --> 00:26:19,646
DAVID: I think this is it.
349
00:26:19,679 --> 00:26:23,515
NARRATOR: Could it be a vital
clue in the hunt for the Hood?
350
00:26:25,885 --> 00:26:30,089
The crater is nearly two
miles down, too deep to dive,
351
00:26:30,122 --> 00:26:34,894
so David must use a
Remotely Operated Vehicle.
352
00:26:36,395 --> 00:26:39,231
It sends back
tantalizing images,
353
00:26:39,265 --> 00:26:43,936
shattered debris that
suggests a catastrophic event.
354
00:26:46,639 --> 00:26:50,609
Next, the ROV finds
a section of hull.
355
00:26:54,546 --> 00:26:58,550
It's so massive it
can only be the Hood.
356
00:26:58,885 --> 00:27:00,920
And it's overturned.
357
00:27:02,054 --> 00:27:05,491
DAVID: I've looked at
45 ships in deep water,
358
00:27:05,524 --> 00:27:08,394
and never found one
completely turned over.
359
00:27:09,328 --> 00:27:11,931
NARRATOR: Bismarck's deadly
firepower has delivered a
360
00:27:11,964 --> 00:27:14,133
knockout blow.
361
00:27:14,400 --> 00:27:17,136
DAVID: In every single way,
she is as badly destroyed as
362
00:27:17,169 --> 00:27:20,106
anybody could have
imagined or described.
363
00:27:28,014 --> 00:27:31,517
NARRATOR: Using David's data,
it's now possible to drain
364
00:27:31,550 --> 00:27:36,288
away billions of gallons of
water from the Denmark Strait,
365
00:27:40,492 --> 00:27:44,330
and fully expose the wreck
site for the first time.
366
00:27:45,732 --> 00:27:49,736
Spread across one and a
half miles of the sea floor,
367
00:27:49,769 --> 00:27:53,773
the shattered remains
of over 40,000 tons
368
00:27:53,806 --> 00:27:56,776
of scarred
and twisted metal.
369
00:27:59,278 --> 00:28:02,048
To the north, the
conning tower.
370
00:28:05,251 --> 00:28:08,687
To the east, part of
the bow and stern.
371
00:28:12,391 --> 00:28:15,094
Almost half mile
away to the south,
372
00:28:15,127 --> 00:28:19,398
the largest intact
section, the midships.
373
00:28:22,034 --> 00:28:26,372
The scattered remains
suggest a massive explosion.
374
00:28:28,107 --> 00:28:32,745
DAVID: I wasn't
expecting to see Hood
as damaged as she was.
375
00:28:34,713 --> 00:28:37,216
That's what was
completely unexpected.
376
00:28:37,249 --> 00:28:40,319
It was shocking and it was
very upsetting, actually.
377
00:28:40,352 --> 00:28:43,422
NARRATOR: Superimposing
parts of the wreck on to the
378
00:28:43,455 --> 00:28:47,894
original plans of the Hood
reveals a missing part of the
379
00:28:47,927 --> 00:28:51,363
ship between the
stern and midships.
380
00:28:52,664 --> 00:28:57,736
The missing section of ship
is where an ammunition
store was located.
381
00:28:58,670 --> 00:29:02,608
It looks like this is the
epicenter of the explosion.
382
00:29:04,977 --> 00:29:09,648
DAVID: What we know is that
Bismarck's shell hit Hood in
383
00:29:09,681 --> 00:29:12,952
the aft part of the
ship, near the main mast.
384
00:29:12,985 --> 00:29:16,155
There was this
enormous explosion.
385
00:29:16,188 --> 00:29:19,926
They, they talked about it like
a blow lamp, 600 feet high.
386
00:29:19,959 --> 00:29:23,295
ERIC: The shot that sank
the Hood was, in many ways,
387
00:29:23,329 --> 00:29:26,032
a very lucky one
for the Germans.
388
00:29:26,065 --> 00:29:28,234
If that shell had landed
a little bit further aft,
389
00:29:28,267 --> 00:29:29,735
Hood may not have blown up.
390
00:29:32,204 --> 00:29:34,941
NARRATOR: It's now possible
to piece together how the
391
00:29:34,974 --> 00:29:38,210
Bismarck sank the Hood in
one of the shortest battles
392
00:29:38,244 --> 00:29:40,146
in naval history.
393
00:29:44,884 --> 00:29:49,121
Early morning, Hood
spots the Bismarck.
394
00:29:59,966 --> 00:30:02,534
At a distance of
over 14 miles,
395
00:30:02,568 --> 00:30:06,973
Hood fires her
twin 15 inch guns.
396
00:30:11,410 --> 00:30:14,914
Bismarck takes a hit,
damaging her fuel tanks.
397
00:30:19,785 --> 00:30:21,753
She returns fire.
398
00:30:24,991 --> 00:30:28,961
A shell hits Hood right
above the ammunition stores.
399
00:30:31,430 --> 00:30:37,436
The great warship disappears
beneath the waves in less
than three minutes,
400
00:30:37,469 --> 00:30:42,875
with the loss of
over 1,400 men.
401
00:30:44,977 --> 00:30:48,080
ERIC: HMS Hood, this great
symbol of British Imperial
402
00:30:48,114 --> 00:30:51,850
power, British sea power,
blowing up the way she did,
403
00:30:51,884 --> 00:30:54,921
with only three survivors,
came as an enormous shock.
404
00:30:56,755 --> 00:30:59,158
NARRATOR: For the first
time in centuries,
405
00:30:59,191 --> 00:31:02,561
Britannia cannot claim
to rule the waves,
406
00:31:02,594 --> 00:31:05,564
and in the propaganda
war, at least,
407
00:31:05,597 --> 00:31:10,202
German sea power is
finally riding high.
408
00:31:12,905 --> 00:31:18,044
Bismarck appears invincible,
but just three days after her
409
00:31:18,077 --> 00:31:22,949
great victory, she, too, lies
at the bottom of the Atlantic.
410
00:31:23,649 --> 00:31:27,619
How did this brilliant
killing machine meet her end?
411
00:31:27,653 --> 00:31:30,056
ERIC: It became very
important for Churchill,
412
00:31:30,089 --> 00:31:32,124
the British Government
and the Royal Navy,
413
00:31:32,158 --> 00:31:34,994
that the British re-assert
their command of the sea by
414
00:31:35,027 --> 00:31:36,528
sinking Bismarck.
415
00:31:38,630 --> 00:31:41,333
NARRATOR: An armada of
warships and squadrons of
416
00:31:41,367 --> 00:31:45,904
aircraft scour the ocean,
hunting this killer down.
417
00:31:48,607 --> 00:31:52,911
A spotter plane picks up a
trail of oil on the surface,
418
00:31:55,114 --> 00:31:57,716
leading straight to
a wounded Bismarck.
419
00:32:07,559 --> 00:32:10,997
A staggering 2,800
shells rained down on
420
00:32:11,030 --> 00:32:13,932
Hitler's iconic battleship.
421
00:32:15,567 --> 00:32:18,804
Outnumbered, outgunned
and out of luck,
422
00:32:20,772 --> 00:32:22,774
Bismarck goes down,
423
00:32:23,575 --> 00:32:27,713
and now lies 1,100 miles
south of its opponent,
424
00:32:28,014 --> 00:32:30,082
at the bottom of the sea.
425
00:32:31,283 --> 00:32:33,352
TONY: She was powerful,
she was beautiful.
426
00:32:33,385 --> 00:32:36,522
All eyes were on her, and,
at the end of the day,
427
00:32:36,555 --> 00:32:39,358
that was what killed her.
428
00:32:41,727 --> 00:32:44,596
ERIC: Hitler was shocked by
the loss of this symbol of the
429
00:32:44,630 --> 00:32:46,532
prestige of the Third Reich.
430
00:32:46,565 --> 00:32:48,967
It was yet another nail in
the coffin, if you like,
431
00:32:49,001 --> 00:32:50,369
of the German Navy.
432
00:32:53,439 --> 00:32:58,277
NARRATOR: The Tirpitz is
Hitler's last great battleship.
433
00:33:01,013 --> 00:33:05,051
What can the sunken remains of
Allied aircraft tell us about
434
00:33:05,084 --> 00:33:09,555
the extraordinary cost
of destroying her?
435
00:33:15,994 --> 00:33:19,331
NARRATOR: With the loss
of the Bismarck in 1941,
436
00:33:19,365 --> 00:33:23,802
Hitler's faith in his Navy
is at an all-time low.
437
00:33:25,804 --> 00:33:29,475
He has one last battleship,
the mighty Tirpitz.
438
00:33:29,508 --> 00:33:34,012
Terrified of losing her, the
Führer orders a series of
439
00:33:34,046 --> 00:33:36,014
major upgrades.
440
00:33:36,715 --> 00:33:41,220
The improved Tirpitz weighs
in at nearly 53,000 tons,
441
00:33:41,253 --> 00:33:45,124
2,000 more than her sister
ship, the Bismarck.
442
00:33:45,924 --> 00:33:49,195
Her hull is strengthened,
wrapped in 13 inch thick
443
00:33:49,228 --> 00:33:51,863
armor plating.
444
00:33:51,897 --> 00:33:55,534
Nearly five inches of steel
protects the main deck.
445
00:33:55,567 --> 00:33:59,871
She bristles with eight,
15 inch main guns,
446
00:33:59,905 --> 00:34:04,042
and a staggering 72
anti-aircraft guns.
447
00:34:05,377 --> 00:34:08,247
She is an impenetrable
floating fortress,
448
00:34:08,280 --> 00:34:13,085
perhaps the most perfect
battleship ever put to sea.
449
00:34:13,885 --> 00:34:16,054
But despite her
impressive armory,
450
00:34:16,088 --> 00:34:21,293
this Goliath spends most
of her life hiding out in
451
00:34:21,327 --> 00:34:26,031
Norwegian fjords, becoming
a major thorn in the side
452
00:34:26,064 --> 00:34:28,134
of Allied Forces.
453
00:34:30,269 --> 00:34:33,071
ERIC: Tirpitz became what
naval strategists call a
454
00:34:33,105 --> 00:34:35,174
"fleet in being."
455
00:34:35,207 --> 00:34:39,311
It wasn't risked, but the
risks it posed forced the
British and the Americans,
456
00:34:39,345 --> 00:34:41,847
at times, to deploy
considerable forces just in
457
00:34:41,880 --> 00:34:43,349
case it did do something.
458
00:34:44,916 --> 00:34:48,520
NARRATOR: But the Tirpitz
does not survive the War.
459
00:34:53,592 --> 00:34:57,896
The story of her demise begins
in this fjord near Trondheim.
460
00:35:00,266 --> 00:35:03,034
Maritime archaeologist,
Fredrik Søriede,
461
00:35:03,068 --> 00:35:05,537
is on a mission to
try and uncover the
462
00:35:05,571 --> 00:35:08,340
Tirpitz's shadowy past.
463
00:35:08,374 --> 00:35:12,711
He believes these deep waters
may contain clues to help
464
00:35:12,744 --> 00:35:15,314
explain the lengths
the Allies went to
465
00:35:15,347 --> 00:35:17,449
to destroy the Tirpitz.
466
00:35:17,483 --> 00:35:22,053
(radio chatter)
467
00:35:23,689 --> 00:35:28,194
The team are using specialist
ROVs and deep water cameras.
468
00:35:28,994 --> 00:35:30,596
FREDRIK: Oh, look at that!
469
00:35:33,765 --> 00:35:35,367
Can we try to move it a
little bit closer, or?
470
00:35:35,401 --> 00:35:37,002
Yeah.
471
00:35:37,035 --> 00:35:39,438
NARRATOR: The ghostly outline
of an aircraft appears.
472
00:35:39,471 --> 00:35:40,539
MAN: Cockpit. Yes.
473
00:35:40,572 --> 00:35:41,773
FREDRIK: Oh, yeah!
474
00:35:41,807 --> 00:35:43,775
That's the nose and
then the cockpit.
475
00:35:43,809 --> 00:35:45,511
NARRATOR: But what
is this plane,
476
00:35:45,544 --> 00:35:47,779
and what's it doing here?
477
00:35:47,813 --> 00:35:49,448
FREDRIK: Oh.
478
00:35:49,481 --> 00:35:52,284
NARRATOR: Fredrik tries
to ID the aircraft.
479
00:35:52,318 --> 00:35:55,321
He needs to take a
closer look inside.
480
00:36:01,927 --> 00:36:03,762
MAN: We're probably
sitting in the pilot seat.
481
00:36:06,765 --> 00:36:08,133
FREDRIK: Look at that!
482
00:36:08,166 --> 00:36:09,501
MAN: We have the stick.
483
00:36:09,535 --> 00:36:10,702
FREDRIK: Oh, yeah.
484
00:36:10,736 --> 00:36:12,037
That's the stick.
That's the stick.
485
00:36:12,070 --> 00:36:13,405
MAN: That's the stick.
That's the stick, yeah.
486
00:36:13,439 --> 00:36:15,006
FREDRIK: Yeah, yeah,
yeah, that's the stick.
487
00:36:15,040 --> 00:36:16,608
MAN: Yeah, also.
488
00:36:16,642 --> 00:36:21,413
NARRATOR: From the layout of
the cockpit and the position
489
00:36:21,447 --> 00:36:24,916
of the two propellers on
each side of the aircraft,
490
00:36:24,950 --> 00:36:29,521
Fredrik believes this is
a British Halifax bomber.
491
00:36:34,626 --> 00:36:39,130
More ROV dives discover
the Halifax is not alone.
492
00:36:39,931 --> 00:36:42,334
The bed of the fjord is
littered with the remains
493
00:36:42,368 --> 00:36:44,536
of downed aircraft.
494
00:36:44,570 --> 00:36:48,674
FREDRIK: We believe that
there are 40, 50 plane wrecks
495
00:36:48,707 --> 00:36:51,977
resting on the bottom
of this fjord.
496
00:36:53,245 --> 00:36:55,647
This area really
saw a lot of action,
497
00:36:55,681 --> 00:36:59,184
so this is really a
veritable plane graveyard.
498
00:37:01,753 --> 00:37:04,122
NARRATOR: There must have been
something really special here
499
00:37:04,155 --> 00:37:07,993
for the Allies to
suffer such huge losses,
500
00:37:08,026 --> 00:37:12,030
and Fredrik
discovers there is.
501
00:37:13,432 --> 00:37:16,134
The Tirpitz was hiding
here for one year,
502
00:37:16,167 --> 00:37:20,606
heavily defended with
anti-aircraft guns.
503
00:37:24,175 --> 00:37:28,246
But there's another reason why
so many bombing raids fail.
504
00:37:35,454 --> 00:37:39,057
Scientist, Claudia Hartyl is
gathering evidence from the
505
00:37:39,090 --> 00:37:43,995
most unlikely of places,
the pine clad slopes high
506
00:37:44,029 --> 00:37:46,264
above the fjord.
507
00:37:48,467 --> 00:37:51,903
Claudia takes core samples
from deep inside the trees,
508
00:37:51,937 --> 00:37:54,673
revealing the growth rings.
509
00:37:56,007 --> 00:37:58,444
CLAUDIA: They record everything.
510
00:37:58,477 --> 00:38:00,278
They are time machines.
511
00:38:00,312 --> 00:38:02,348
They can tell you the past.
512
00:38:02,914 --> 00:38:06,117
NARRATOR: Each ring records
one year of the tree's growth.
513
00:38:06,151 --> 00:38:09,888
Claudia carefully counts back,
until she reaches the early
514
00:38:09,921 --> 00:38:14,560
1940s, and notices
something unusual.
515
00:38:15,026 --> 00:38:17,596
CLAUDIA: So, you can
see here, wider rings,
516
00:38:17,629 --> 00:38:20,231
then you have a period
of very narrow rings.
517
00:38:20,265 --> 00:38:23,034
You have a period
of very low growth.
518
00:38:23,068 --> 00:38:27,005
NARRATOR: It's the same for
all the trees in the area.
519
00:38:27,038 --> 00:38:32,678
During the War, something is
stunting the tree's growth.
520
00:38:33,311 --> 00:38:36,314
CLAUDIA: This is tree damage
caused by the artificial smoke
521
00:38:36,348 --> 00:38:38,884
to hide the Tirpitz.
522
00:38:40,686 --> 00:38:43,054
NARRATOR: The Germans had
dozens of smoke generators
523
00:38:43,088 --> 00:38:47,292
around the fjord, pumping
out dense acid clouds,
524
00:38:47,325 --> 00:38:51,096
poisoning the trees, but
hiding their ship from
525
00:38:51,129 --> 00:38:53,599
Allied bombers overhead.
526
00:38:55,266 --> 00:38:59,571
ERIC: The Germans proved very
adept at protecting Tirpitz
527
00:38:59,605 --> 00:39:01,640
with smoke screens.
528
00:39:01,673 --> 00:39:03,442
TONY: She's almost
got a cloaking device,
529
00:39:03,475 --> 00:39:05,176
like something
out of Star Trek ,
530
00:39:05,210 --> 00:39:09,114
and she foils raid after raid.
531
00:39:12,150 --> 00:39:14,753
NARRATOR: But Hitler knows
his last killer battleship
532
00:39:14,786 --> 00:39:17,088
is on borrowed time.
533
00:39:17,122 --> 00:39:21,126
Fearing the Allies might
get lucky, in October 1944,
534
00:39:21,159 --> 00:39:24,763
he orders the Tirpitz to
sail to a new location,
535
00:39:24,796 --> 00:39:26,798
Håkøya Island.
536
00:39:30,569 --> 00:39:33,238
It's to be her last voyage.
537
00:39:38,677 --> 00:39:40,479
FREDRIK: So, we are
just outside of Tromsø,
538
00:39:40,512 --> 00:39:43,048
and this is the final
resting place of the Tirpitz,
539
00:39:43,081 --> 00:39:45,250
just below this area.
540
00:39:45,283 --> 00:39:47,152
But, remember, this
ship was enormous.
541
00:39:48,253 --> 00:39:52,791
NARRATOR: Fredrik puts
down a remotely operated
underwater camera.
542
00:39:55,494 --> 00:39:57,696
FREDRIK: The whole sea
floor is basically
littered with stuff.
543
00:39:57,729 --> 00:39:59,565
MAN: Yeah, it's a big area.
544
00:39:59,598 --> 00:40:04,570
NARRATOR: After 75 years,
shells capable of traveling
545
00:40:04,603 --> 00:40:08,039
20 miles remain intact.
546
00:40:09,174 --> 00:40:10,275
FREDRIK: They look
like they (inaudible).
547
00:40:10,308 --> 00:40:11,643
MAN: Oh, yeah.
548
00:40:11,677 --> 00:40:12,978
And there's a book.
549
00:40:13,011 --> 00:40:14,646
MAN: There's a book.
550
00:40:14,680 --> 00:40:17,115
NARRATOR: Personal
items, a book,
551
00:40:17,148 --> 00:40:19,985
with the pages still
clearly readable.
552
00:40:23,789 --> 00:40:27,626
Very little of this
enormous battleship remains.
553
00:40:31,997 --> 00:40:34,700
But now, using
historical records,
554
00:40:34,733 --> 00:40:39,237
coastal scans and state of the
art computer visualization,
555
00:40:39,270 --> 00:40:42,641
we can roll back the
waters of Håkøya Island,
556
00:40:42,674 --> 00:40:46,144
as they were in 1944.
557
00:40:46,411 --> 00:40:50,148
The Tirpitz is lying upside
down in shallow waters.
558
00:40:57,255 --> 00:41:00,626
Near the port bow,
a gigantic hole.
559
00:41:09,868 --> 00:41:14,540
Towards the stern, evidence
of two more impacts,
560
00:41:14,573 --> 00:41:18,877
all punched through the
thick, five inch armor plating.
561
00:41:21,246 --> 00:41:24,616
And directly next to
the ship, more evidence.
562
00:41:24,650 --> 00:41:29,054
An enormous crater,
563
00:41:29,087 --> 00:41:34,125
100 feet wide, gauged
into the seabed.
564
00:41:40,465 --> 00:41:45,671
What weapon could have caused
such catastrophic damage?
565
00:41:53,511 --> 00:41:58,516
NARRATOR: October 1944, Håkøya
Island, northern Norway.
566
00:41:59,484 --> 00:42:02,353
Hitler's last great
battleship, the Tirpitz,
567
00:42:02,387 --> 00:42:05,557
is hiding out just
off the shoreline.
568
00:42:07,559 --> 00:42:12,030
The Germans know the
Tirpitz is on the Allies
most wanted list.
569
00:42:14,600 --> 00:42:18,136
Underwater nets protect
her from torpedo attacks.
570
00:42:20,806 --> 00:42:24,342
Sand and rubble are piled up
around the hull to prevent the
571
00:42:24,375 --> 00:42:27,245
Tirpitz capsizing if hit.
572
00:42:29,047 --> 00:42:32,450
She survived over two
years of aerial attacks,
573
00:42:32,483 --> 00:42:37,022
so what happens here, less
than one month after arriving,
574
00:42:37,055 --> 00:42:40,525
that sends her to the
bottom of the fjord?
575
00:42:43,394 --> 00:42:47,866
At the side of the wreck,
a huge bomb crater.
576
00:42:51,369 --> 00:42:55,273
On the deck, holes punched
straight through the extra
577
00:42:55,306 --> 00:42:59,745
thick steel, too big to be
shell or torpedo damage.
578
00:43:02,948 --> 00:43:06,251
What could cause such
devastating destruction?
579
00:43:08,920 --> 00:43:11,890
The evidence of its power
still scars the landscape
580
00:43:11,923 --> 00:43:14,592
today, at Håkøya Island.
581
00:43:19,464 --> 00:43:22,600
Churchill is determined the
Tirpitz must be destroyed,
582
00:43:22,634 --> 00:43:26,037
but to cut through her
five inch thick steel deck,
583
00:43:26,071 --> 00:43:30,608
the Allies need a
more powerful bomb
than ever before.
584
00:43:32,077 --> 00:43:34,880
There's only one
man to turn to,
585
00:43:34,913 --> 00:43:38,083
the brains behind the
legendary bouncing bomb of the
586
00:43:38,116 --> 00:43:41,219
Dambusters raid,
Barnes Wallis,
587
00:43:41,252 --> 00:43:46,925
and the weapon he develops is
so huge the planes carrying it
588
00:43:46,958 --> 00:43:50,395
have to be specially
adapted and stripped down.
589
00:43:51,629 --> 00:43:57,368
It's called the "Tallboy,"
towering at a mighty 21 feet,
590
00:43:57,402 --> 00:44:02,073
its unique aerodynamic shape
allows it to free fall quickly
591
00:44:02,107 --> 00:44:04,542
and accurately
through the air,
592
00:44:04,575 --> 00:44:06,712
breaking the sound barrier.
593
00:44:06,745 --> 00:44:10,682
At six tons it's designed to
penetrate the ground to depths
594
00:44:10,716 --> 00:44:15,320
of 80 feet, and
only then explode.
595
00:44:17,555 --> 00:44:21,492
TONY: And these are massive,
almost earth-quaking
explosive devices.
596
00:44:24,129 --> 00:44:25,764
NARRATOR: The mission to
destroy the Tirpitz
597
00:44:25,797 --> 00:44:27,799
is highly dangerous.
598
00:44:29,134 --> 00:44:32,570
She's well-protected
with anti-aircraft guns,
599
00:44:32,603 --> 00:44:35,841
so the bombers need to
get in and out fast.
600
00:44:35,874 --> 00:44:40,011
There's only one squadron
for the job, 617,
601
00:44:40,045 --> 00:44:42,380
the Dambusters themselves.
602
00:44:42,413 --> 00:44:46,885
ERIC: 617 Squadron had become
the leading exponent of
603
00:44:46,918 --> 00:44:48,453
precision bombing.
604
00:44:48,486 --> 00:44:53,258
They were able to drop these
Barnes Wallis designed weapons
605
00:44:53,291 --> 00:44:56,327
with great accuracy, and
they were, therefore,
606
00:44:56,361 --> 00:44:58,964
a tremendous danger for
an anchored warship,
607
00:44:58,997 --> 00:45:00,531
however well-protected.
608
00:45:02,200 --> 00:45:05,636
NARRATOR: At 18,000 feet
dodging anti-aircraft fire,
609
00:45:05,670 --> 00:45:11,009
the bomb aimers of 617
Squadron finally get the
610
00:45:11,042 --> 00:45:13,411
Tirpitz in their sights.
611
00:45:14,279 --> 00:45:17,282
The Tallboys accelerate
through five, six,
612
00:45:17,315 --> 00:45:19,951
700 miles per hour.
613
00:45:20,285 --> 00:45:23,688
Several miss their targets,
cratering the shoreline,
614
00:45:24,790 --> 00:45:28,426
but others are set firmly
on a deadly course.
615
00:45:31,763 --> 00:45:35,801
Tallboys punch straight
through the Tirpitz's
steel decking.
616
00:45:45,210 --> 00:45:48,046
FREDRIK: So, these bombs turn
out to be very powerful tools
617
00:45:48,079 --> 00:45:51,116
against the Tirpitz,
and for the first time,
618
00:45:51,149 --> 00:45:54,786
they really managed to
penetrate the steel.
619
00:45:58,256 --> 00:46:00,859
NARRATOR: Other Tallboys
destroy the huge sandbank
620
00:46:00,892 --> 00:46:04,295
built to protect the
Tirpitz from capsizing.
621
00:46:05,696 --> 00:46:09,968
Within minutes, the vessel
lists and rolls over.
622
00:46:12,470 --> 00:46:17,876
The Tirpitz, like her sister
ship, the Bismarck, is gone.
623
00:46:22,680 --> 00:46:25,416
ERIC: By the time
Tirpitz was sunk,
624
00:46:25,450 --> 00:46:29,888
Hitler had completely lost
faith in the German Navy.
625
00:46:30,321 --> 00:46:32,958
He'd actually ordered the
German Navy to be scrapped.
626
00:46:33,324 --> 00:46:34,960
There were other
things to worry about.
627
00:46:37,929 --> 00:46:40,131
NARRATOR: The death of the
Tirpitz marks a revolution
628
00:46:40,165 --> 00:46:42,033
in naval warfare.
629
00:46:44,870 --> 00:46:47,372
The future belongs
to submarines,
630
00:46:49,007 --> 00:46:51,576
striking from
beneath the waves,
631
00:46:55,113 --> 00:46:58,917
and aircraft carriers
that can launch attacks
anywhere in the world.
632
00:47:01,519 --> 00:47:05,756
Hitler's dream is dead,
and with it, the age of
the battleship.
633
00:47:05,790 --> 00:47:06,992
Captioned by
Cotter Captioning Services.
52040
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