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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:00,960 --> 00:00:06,639 of all their evil actions nothing 2 00:00:03,718 --> 00:00:12,119 defines the Nazis like the final 3 00:00:06,639 --> 00:00:12,120 solution the murder of some 6 million 4 00:00:13,240 --> 00:00:18,519 Jews but how did they get an entire 5 00:00:16,160 --> 00:00:21,600 nation to buy into the wholesale 6 00:00:18,519 --> 00:00:23,759 Slaughter of an innocent race they're 7 00:00:21,600 --> 00:00:25,039 performing murder and terrible crimes 8 00:00:23,760 --> 00:00:27,039 but at the same time trying to make it 9 00:00:25,039 --> 00:00:30,118 look as though it's 10 00:00:27,039 --> 00:00:33,558 correct this is the story of how Hitler 11 00:00:30,118 --> 00:00:37,119 and the Nazis groomed the German people 12 00:00:33,558 --> 00:00:39,479 he likened the Jews to a virus or a 13 00:00:37,119 --> 00:00:41,599 wound that that won't heal using all 14 00:00:39,479 --> 00:00:45,159 their darkest Arts to make them 15 00:00:41,600 --> 00:00:48,960 complicit we do have partners in crime 16 00:00:45,159 --> 00:00:50,179 here in the worst genocide in human 17 00:00:48,960 --> 00:00:53,960 history 18 00:00:50,179 --> 00:00:53,960 [Music] 19 00:00:58,200 --> 00:01:01,349 [Music] 20 00:01:13,560 --> 00:01:19,960 of one thing Hitler never makes any 21 00:01:16,599 --> 00:01:22,438 secret he hates the 22 00:01:19,959 --> 00:01:25,319 Jews recovering from his wounds at the 23 00:01:22,438 --> 00:01:28,000 end of the first world war he blames 24 00:01:25,319 --> 00:01:31,199 left-wing Jewish politicians for 25 00:01:28,000 --> 00:01:35,239 surrendering stabbing Germany in the 26 00:01:31,200 --> 00:01:37,000 back in the 1920s depression he rails 27 00:01:35,239 --> 00:01:39,519 against a Jewish 28 00:01:37,000 --> 00:01:41,759 conspiracy the root of all evil from 29 00:01:39,519 --> 00:01:45,599 communism to corrupt 30 00:01:41,759 --> 00:01:48,640 financiers this poisoning of the nation 31 00:01:45,599 --> 00:01:51,399 the German Jew is the Enemy Within he an 32 00:01:48,640 --> 00:01:53,399 enemy in in racial terms in cultural 33 00:01:51,399 --> 00:01:56,840 terms in National 34 00:01:53,399 --> 00:01:59,478 terms the Jews greatest crime is that 35 00:01:56,840 --> 00:02:01,840 they pollute the pure genes of the Aryan 36 00:01:59,478 --> 00:02:04,319 m 37 00:02:01,840 --> 00:02:06,880 race they must be 38 00:02:04,319 --> 00:02:09,359 eliminated the nation is no longer 39 00:02:06,879 --> 00:02:11,560 willing to be sucked dry by these 40 00:02:09,360 --> 00:02:14,519 parasites everything he'd said since 41 00:02:11,560 --> 00:02:17,878 1922 pointed towards the ultimate idea 42 00:02:14,519 --> 00:02:17,879 that you rid yourself of the Jews 43 00:02:22,199 --> 00:02:29,959 physically by 1941 he is master of 44 00:02:25,840 --> 00:02:32,360 everything he has defeated France 45 00:02:29,959 --> 00:02:35,800 captured Poland and his army is 46 00:02:32,360 --> 00:02:38,560 advancing deep into the Soviet Union now 47 00:02:35,800 --> 00:02:43,360 he can begin on a lifetime's ambition to 48 00:02:38,560 --> 00:02:43,360 create a pure German Nation free of 49 00:02:46,840 --> 00:02:50,789 Jews but how can he carry the German 50 00:02:49,680 --> 00:02:52,879 people with 51 00:02:50,789 --> 00:02:55,239 [Music] 52 00:02:52,878 --> 00:02:57,120 him he has always been aware his 53 00:02:55,239 --> 00:03:01,759 anti-jewish policy is an acutely 54 00:02:57,120 --> 00:03:01,759 sensitive issue for ordinary citizens 55 00:03:02,560 --> 00:03:08,878 in fact during his first four years in 56 00:03:05,239 --> 00:03:11,120 power Hitler barely mentions the Jews in 57 00:03:08,878 --> 00:03:15,239 public and when he does move against 58 00:03:11,120 --> 00:03:18,480 them it is slowly step by 59 00:03:15,239 --> 00:03:21,000 step they're banned from certain 60 00:03:18,479 --> 00:03:24,959 professions then they lose their rights 61 00:03:21,000 --> 00:03:24,959 as Citizens and their 62 00:03:25,280 --> 00:03:30,479 livelihoods thousands are driven to flee 63 00:03:28,000 --> 00:03:33,438 abroad during all of this 64 00:03:30,479 --> 00:03:37,318 there are some objections however most 65 00:03:33,438 --> 00:03:37,318 Germans just stand and 66 00:03:37,400 --> 00:03:43,319 watch but the actual killing the 67 00:03:40,438 --> 00:03:46,680 elimination of all those who remain 68 00:03:43,318 --> 00:03:49,598 their own neighbors is still a step too 69 00:03:46,680 --> 00:03:52,400 far he recognized in the German people 70 00:03:49,598 --> 00:03:56,560 there was this residual sense of decency 71 00:03:52,400 --> 00:03:56,560 which could be offended by horrific 72 00:03:57,560 --> 00:04:03,280 policies but killing Jews is 73 00:04:00,919 --> 00:04:07,399 indecent it will take all the Nazis 74 00:04:03,280 --> 00:04:07,400 skill to sell this to the German 75 00:04:07,479 --> 00:04:13,959 people it's a task for Joseph Gobles the 76 00:04:10,799 --> 00:04:13,959 Nazis master of 77 00:04:15,039 --> 00:04:20,159 persuasion Geral shares the fur's 78 00:04:17,720 --> 00:04:22,840 loathing of the Jews and is determined 79 00:04:20,160 --> 00:04:24,960 to convince his fellow 80 00:04:22,839 --> 00:04:27,079 Germans it was Gobles who was 81 00:04:24,959 --> 00:04:28,839 responsible for selling the idea that 82 00:04:27,079 --> 00:04:30,319 the Jews were this kind of cancer or 83 00:04:28,839 --> 00:04:32,638 this plague at theit part of German 84 00:04:30,319 --> 00:04:34,279 Society he realized that if you could 85 00:04:32,639 --> 00:04:36,800 control what people 86 00:04:34,279 --> 00:04:38,000 consumed then you could control them and 87 00:04:36,800 --> 00:04:40,400 he was one of the first people to 88 00:04:38,000 --> 00:04:40,399 realize 89 00:04:40,959 --> 00:04:47,918 that Cinema is one of his favorite tools 90 00:04:44,199 --> 00:04:47,919 for manipulating public 91 00:04:49,079 --> 00:04:54,680 opinion the film The Eternal Jew 92 00:04:52,399 --> 00:04:57,120 produced by gal's propaganda 93 00:04:54,680 --> 00:05:00,800 unit has a stark 94 00:04:57,120 --> 00:05:02,840 message wherever Jews settle they behave 95 00:05:00,800 --> 00:05:06,038 like rats and 96 00:05:02,839 --> 00:05:08,359 parasites the film portrays the Jew as 97 00:05:06,038 --> 00:05:11,478 the Eternal corruptor specifically of 98 00:05:08,360 --> 00:05:11,479 course in the sense of of 99 00:05:29,918 --> 00:05:36,240 the German people to buy into this evil 100 00:05:32,319 --> 00:05:39,000 agenda is going to be a complex 101 00:05:36,240 --> 00:05:39,960 process the danger lies in inflaming 102 00:05:39,000 --> 00:05:42,478 public 103 00:05:39,959 --> 00:05:46,680 opinion and the risk of getting things 104 00:05:42,478 --> 00:05:46,680 wrong is already brutally 105 00:05:47,240 --> 00:05:53,918 clear since 1939 the Nazis have been 106 00:05:50,959 --> 00:05:56,680 carrying out a secret euthanasia 107 00:05:53,918 --> 00:05:59,159 campaign it will become their dry run 108 00:05:56,680 --> 00:06:02,519 for how to commit mass murder without 109 00:05:59,160 --> 00:06:02,520 upsetting the German 110 00:06:04,600 --> 00:06:10,720 public first they need willing 111 00:06:07,918 --> 00:06:13,079 accomplishes pliable nurses and doctors 112 00:06:10,720 --> 00:06:16,400 are instructed to single out terminally 113 00:06:13,079 --> 00:06:16,399 ill and disabled 114 00:06:18,839 --> 00:06:23,079 children the next step is to deceive the 115 00:06:21,759 --> 00:06:25,598 people who might 116 00:06:23,079 --> 00:06:28,120 object parents are told their loved ones 117 00:06:25,598 --> 00:06:31,560 are to be sent to care centers for 118 00:06:28,120 --> 00:06:31,560 special treatment 119 00:06:31,839 --> 00:06:38,038 and finally they need a method of 120 00:06:34,478 --> 00:06:42,879 killing quiet and 121 00:06:38,038 --> 00:06:45,959 discreet they choose Murder By lethal 122 00:06:42,879 --> 00:06:47,598 injection some 5,000 innocent children 123 00:06:45,959 --> 00:06:52,680 are 124 00:06:47,598 --> 00:06:55,439 killed their only crime to be sick or 125 00:06:52,680 --> 00:06:58,840 disabled the truth is hidden by false 126 00:06:55,439 --> 00:07:00,399 death certificates blaming measles or 127 00:06:58,839 --> 00:07:02,000 pneumonia 128 00:07:00,399 --> 00:07:04,198 it's Hitler sort of kind of dipping his 129 00:07:02,000 --> 00:07:07,478 toe in the water with the German public 130 00:07:04,199 --> 00:07:07,478 to see what he can get away 131 00:07:08,800 --> 00:07:14,520 with then the regime escalates the 132 00:07:11,720 --> 00:07:18,319 program targeting tens of thousands of 133 00:07:14,519 --> 00:07:21,159 disabled adults in institutions across 134 00:07:18,319 --> 00:07:22,199 Germany ramping up the numbers involves 135 00:07:21,160 --> 00:07:24,919 more 136 00:07:22,199 --> 00:07:26,360 doctors and some voice doubts about the 137 00:07:24,918 --> 00:07:28,839 legality of the 138 00:07:26,360 --> 00:07:31,280 policy it's a problem that goes to the 139 00:07:28,839 --> 00:07:35,439 furer himself himself and so Hitler 140 00:07:31,279 --> 00:07:35,439 wrote a note which he rarely did and 141 00:07:37,000 --> 00:07:41,918 signed saying to the people the chancel 142 00:07:40,319 --> 00:07:44,240 you concerned with the medical 143 00:07:41,918 --> 00:07:47,209 profession that this was now a policy 144 00:07:44,240 --> 00:07:50,759 that could be followed 145 00:07:47,209 --> 00:07:53,598 [Music] 146 00:07:50,759 --> 00:07:57,520 legitimately for the German doctors it's 147 00:07:53,598 --> 00:08:00,120 Now official they are obeying the fur's 148 00:07:57,519 --> 00:08:01,878 orders that's what the new culture is 149 00:08:00,120 --> 00:08:04,478 they say to themselves that's the 150 00:08:01,879 --> 00:08:05,960 environment uh that's the classic Road 151 00:08:04,478 --> 00:08:09,639 to 152 00:08:05,959 --> 00:08:13,519 Hell a secret Department known as 153 00:08:09,639 --> 00:08:17,079 T4 is set up to Mastermind the 154 00:08:13,519 --> 00:08:21,000 process to kill so many quickly and 155 00:08:17,079 --> 00:08:21,000 quietly they need new 156 00:08:21,680 --> 00:08:26,158 techniques what the man at T4 come up 157 00:08:24,399 --> 00:08:29,679 with is a shower 158 00:08:26,158 --> 00:08:31,680 room except these pipes and shower heads 159 00:08:29,680 --> 00:08:34,360 don't carry 160 00:08:31,680 --> 00:08:35,719 water they deliver poisonous carbon 161 00:08:34,360 --> 00:08:39,399 monoxide 162 00:08:35,719 --> 00:08:42,360 gas in many ways the euthanasia program 163 00:08:39,399 --> 00:08:43,639 uh represents the absolute bestiality of 164 00:08:42,360 --> 00:08:46,759 the Nazi 165 00:08:43,639 --> 00:08:51,080 regime tens of thousands of Germany's 166 00:08:46,759 --> 00:08:53,480 sick and disabled are murdered in this 167 00:08:51,080 --> 00:08:56,080 way and it's an extraordinary program 168 00:08:53,480 --> 00:08:57,360 because all those involved knew what was 169 00:08:56,080 --> 00:09:00,000 going on it's not as if they were 170 00:08:57,360 --> 00:09:02,079 blinded they accept that you euthanasia 171 00:09:00,000 --> 00:09:06,078 is a legitimate policy the killing of 172 00:09:02,078 --> 00:09:06,078 Germans by Germans is 173 00:09:07,159 --> 00:09:12,120 legitimate but then the truth about the 174 00:09:09,559 --> 00:09:15,559 killing starts to leak 175 00:09:12,120 --> 00:09:18,879 out gradually of course the public 176 00:09:15,559 --> 00:09:21,639 living close to those 177 00:09:18,879 --> 00:09:25,200 institutions began to get an awareness 178 00:09:21,639 --> 00:09:28,078 that something unusual was going on 179 00:09:25,200 --> 00:09:30,519 people start to worry other sick 180 00:09:28,078 --> 00:09:34,199 relatives might be the next 181 00:09:30,519 --> 00:09:37,600 victims the discussion starts here and 182 00:09:34,200 --> 00:09:40,120 there about will this be applied to our 183 00:09:37,600 --> 00:09:40,120 wounded 184 00:09:41,078 --> 00:09:47,639 soldiers the Catholic Church picks up on 185 00:09:43,799 --> 00:09:51,278 the public fears and stands up to the 186 00:09:47,639 --> 00:09:54,159 regime famously Bishop V galin gave a 187 00:09:51,278 --> 00:09:55,879 sermon in which he denounced his program 188 00:09:54,159 --> 00:09:58,240 um not on the grounds that it is 189 00:09:55,879 --> 00:10:00,000 necessarily unethical to kill people but 190 00:09:58,240 --> 00:10:01,600 on the grounds that these were Germans 191 00:10:00,000 --> 00:10:04,159 that were being killed he emphasized 192 00:10:01,600 --> 00:10:06,360 that these were our Brethren members of 193 00:10:04,159 --> 00:10:09,719 our 194 00:10:06,360 --> 00:10:12,240 families the outcry becomes so strong 195 00:10:09,720 --> 00:10:15,040 Hitler is forced to make a rare public 196 00:10:12,240 --> 00:10:19,039 climb down officially halting his 197 00:10:15,039 --> 00:10:19,039 euthanasia campaign within 198 00:10:20,679 --> 00:10:25,479 Germany discover the past with exclusive 199 00:10:23,360 --> 00:10:27,519 military history documentaries and adree 200 00:10:25,480 --> 00:10:30,200 podcasts presented by world-renowned 201 00:10:27,519 --> 00:10:32,240 historians all on history hit watch them 202 00:10:30,200 --> 00:10:34,320 on your smart TV or on the go with your 203 00:10:32,240 --> 00:10:36,399 mobile device download the app now to 204 00:10:34,320 --> 00:10:38,320 watch everything from the gripping story 205 00:10:36,399 --> 00:10:41,120 of the Band of Brothers to operation 206 00:10:38,320 --> 00:10:42,879 Barbarosa and D-Day immerse yourself in 207 00:10:41,120 --> 00:10:46,959 the dramatic stories of this remarkable 208 00:10:42,879 --> 00:10:46,958 era by signing up via the link in the 209 00:10:48,278 --> 00:10:54,919 description the protest against 210 00:10:50,360 --> 00:10:54,919 euthanasia has taught the Nazis several 211 00:10:56,559 --> 00:11:02,359 lessons first if their racial policies 212 00:10:59,759 --> 00:11:04,879 threaten German families public opinion 213 00:11:02,360 --> 00:11:04,879 won't wear 214 00:11:08,159 --> 00:11:16,958 it second any further killing will have 215 00:11:12,200 --> 00:11:16,959 to be well hidden far from Germany 216 00:11:17,399 --> 00:11:24,360 itself and third the fura must not be 217 00:11:21,159 --> 00:11:24,360 associated with anything 218 00:11:25,399 --> 00:11:30,078 disreputable these lessons will Define 219 00:11:27,919 --> 00:11:34,199 how the Nazis deal with the 220 00:11:30,078 --> 00:11:37,319 Jews in particular Hitler will never 221 00:11:34,200 --> 00:11:40,240 personally sign a compromising 222 00:11:37,320 --> 00:11:42,720 document he didn't want his own name 223 00:11:40,240 --> 00:11:45,120 associated with the worst extremities of 224 00:11:42,720 --> 00:11:45,120 the anti-jewish 225 00:11:47,320 --> 00:11:52,720 program 2 years into the war Hitler is 226 00:11:50,839 --> 00:11:56,120 Riding High on the success of his 227 00:11:52,720 --> 00:11:56,120 campaign against the Soviet 228 00:11:56,240 --> 00:12:00,919 Union he is content to leave the 229 00:11:58,679 --> 00:12:03,319 handling of the Jewish question to his 230 00:12:00,919 --> 00:12:03,319 loyal 231 00:12:04,440 --> 00:12:10,800 henchmen officially re Marshall Herman 232 00:12:08,000 --> 00:12:13,360 guring Hitler's number two is in charge 233 00:12:10,799 --> 00:12:13,359 of Jewish 234 00:12:16,519 --> 00:12:22,440 Affairs but in fact it will be Hitler's 235 00:12:19,559 --> 00:12:25,198 fanatical SS selected for their Devotion 236 00:12:22,440 --> 00:12:28,639 to the Nazi cause who will deliver the 237 00:12:25,198 --> 00:12:28,639 final solution 238 00:12:28,940 --> 00:12:33,480 [Music] 239 00:12:30,320 --> 00:12:35,120 their leader is Heinrich himler a Nazi 240 00:12:33,480 --> 00:12:38,159 party member since the 241 00:12:35,120 --> 00:12:40,919 1920s he shares Hitler's resolve to rid 242 00:12:38,159 --> 00:12:40,919 Germany of the 243 00:12:40,958 --> 00:12:47,719 Jews and his right-hand man SS General 244 00:12:44,399 --> 00:12:50,320 Reinhardt hyri is even more 245 00:12:47,720 --> 00:12:53,879 terrifying he found in his subordinate 246 00:12:50,320 --> 00:12:56,680 rhynard hyri absolutely the perfect man 247 00:12:53,879 --> 00:12:59,278 to carry out the destruction of a people 248 00:12:56,679 --> 00:13:01,078 as head of the Nazi Security Forces 249 00:12:59,278 --> 00:13:04,679 Reinhardt hydrick is one of the most 250 00:13:01,078 --> 00:13:07,159 feared men in Germany if you gave Hitler 251 00:13:04,679 --> 00:13:10,239 a piece of paper and asked them to 252 00:13:07,159 --> 00:13:13,000 sketch out the perfect Nazi I think he 253 00:13:10,240 --> 00:13:18,079 probably would have sketched out rard 254 00:13:13,000 --> 00:13:21,600 hydri he was tall he was blonde he was 255 00:13:18,078 --> 00:13:25,198 athletic he is a man of many 256 00:13:21,600 --> 00:13:27,639 talents a champion fencer a fighter 257 00:13:25,198 --> 00:13:30,719 pilot a skilled 258 00:13:27,639 --> 00:13:32,480 violinist but above all he is a 259 00:13:30,720 --> 00:13:35,360 fanatical 260 00:13:32,480 --> 00:13:39,240 Nazi he had all the characteristics that 261 00:13:35,360 --> 00:13:42,639 made him the Aryan Superman hyri really 262 00:13:39,240 --> 00:13:45,039 is the rising man of the Nazi racial 263 00:13:42,639 --> 00:13:45,039 killing 264 00:13:46,799 --> 00:13:51,599 machine since 265 00:13:48,799 --> 00:13:53,639 1939 hydri has been wreaking havoc in 266 00:13:51,600 --> 00:13:57,120 the conquered territories in the 267 00:13:53,639 --> 00:14:01,680 East his secret death squads the einat 268 00:13:57,120 --> 00:14:01,679 grouin slaughter thousands of of Polish 269 00:14:01,919 --> 00:14:06,198 Jews those who survive are rounded up 270 00:14:04,720 --> 00:14:09,040 into 271 00:14:06,198 --> 00:14:11,599 ghettos nearly 3 million await their 272 00:14:09,039 --> 00:14:14,679 fate in appalling 273 00:14:11,600 --> 00:14:17,079 conditions then hydri SS thugs follow 274 00:14:14,679 --> 00:14:19,519 Germany's armies into the Soviet 275 00:14:17,078 --> 00:14:22,519 Union continuing their murderous 276 00:14:19,519 --> 00:14:22,519 campaign against the 277 00:14:24,159 --> 00:14:31,799 Jews news of hydri massacres in the East 278 00:14:28,078 --> 00:14:31,799 begins to trickle back home to 279 00:14:32,198 --> 00:14:38,679 Germany dear Hana last night 150 Jews 280 00:14:35,879 --> 00:14:41,759 were shot in this town men women and 281 00:14:38,679 --> 00:14:41,758 children all bumped 282 00:14:42,600 --> 00:14:50,040 off don't worry about it it has to be 283 00:14:46,159 --> 00:14:53,198 done but don't tell anyone 284 00:14:50,039 --> 00:14:56,120 else many thousands of Germans now know 285 00:14:53,198 --> 00:14:56,120 what is happening out 286 00:14:56,159 --> 00:15:02,679 east but they do nothing 287 00:15:00,559 --> 00:15:04,919 it confirms what the Nazis Leed from the 288 00:15:02,679 --> 00:15:07,319 euthanasia 289 00:15:04,919 --> 00:15:10,719 program they can get away with killing 290 00:15:07,320 --> 00:15:13,120 Jews out of sight far from 291 00:15:10,720 --> 00:15:14,759 home so this was something that was 292 00:15:13,120 --> 00:15:18,440 percolating 293 00:15:14,759 --> 00:15:20,639 outwards inside Nazi Germany it was sort 294 00:15:18,440 --> 00:15:24,480 of um you know the secret that would 295 00:15:20,639 --> 00:15:24,480 never dare to speak its 296 00:15:25,799 --> 00:15:32,198 name as hydri plots a far bigger attack 297 00:15:29,078 --> 00:15:34,879 on the Jews he needs Authority from 298 00:15:32,198 --> 00:15:38,198 above he can't get it from Hitler who 299 00:15:34,879 --> 00:15:38,198 wants to keep his involvement 300 00:15:39,799 --> 00:15:46,000 secret so hydri turns to someone 301 00:15:43,600 --> 00:15:48,360 else and prepares one of the most 302 00:15:46,000 --> 00:15:50,720 important documents in the story of the 303 00:15:48,360 --> 00:15:50,720 final 304 00:15:52,759 --> 00:16:00,919 solution he takes his secret letter to 305 00:15:55,879 --> 00:16:00,919 the home of right Marshall heron guring 306 00:16:03,120 --> 00:16:08,560 the man Hitler has officially put in 307 00:16:05,039 --> 00:16:08,559 charge of Nazi Jewish 308 00:16:10,360 --> 00:16:17,519 policy what hydri wants is ging's 309 00:16:14,679 --> 00:16:21,159 signature authorizing him to produce a 310 00:16:17,519 --> 00:16:23,839 plan for the Naz intended final solution 311 00:16:21,159 --> 00:16:26,559 to the Jewish 312 00:16:23,839 --> 00:16:29,759 question this is the stamp of approval 313 00:16:26,559 --> 00:16:29,758 he needs 314 00:16:31,519 --> 00:16:37,078 but it will be another 5 months before 315 00:16:33,600 --> 00:16:37,079 hydri has his plan in 316 00:16:41,700 --> 00:16:47,278 [Music] 317 00:16:44,440 --> 00:16:49,040 place meanwhile Hitler's armies are 318 00:16:47,278 --> 00:16:51,439 pushing deeper and deeper into the 319 00:16:49,039 --> 00:16:51,439 Soviet 320 00:16:51,639 --> 00:16:57,759 Union far from the eyes of the German 321 00:16:54,759 --> 00:17:00,480 people hydrix killer squads are ramping 322 00:16:57,759 --> 00:17:02,399 up their Slaughter of the Jews they're 323 00:17:00,480 --> 00:17:03,720 looking for the most efficient method 324 00:17:02,399 --> 00:17:07,390 for mass 325 00:17:03,720 --> 00:17:08,838 murder still just using 326 00:17:07,390 --> 00:17:11,959 [Applause] 327 00:17:08,838 --> 00:17:13,038 bullets soon hydrix SS develop a 328 00:17:11,959 --> 00:17:15,919 Sinister 329 00:17:13,038 --> 00:17:18,838 routine the Jews are rounded up and 330 00:17:15,919 --> 00:17:21,559 taken to a remote execution 331 00:17:18,838 --> 00:17:22,558 site the first arrivals are forced to 332 00:17:21,558 --> 00:17:25,558 dig a 333 00:17:22,558 --> 00:17:30,240 pit what happens next is revealed in 334 00:17:25,558 --> 00:17:32,879 this amateur film shot in ltia by German 335 00:17:30,240 --> 00:17:34,160 Soldier a group of Jews is lined up in 336 00:17:32,880 --> 00:17:37,360 front of the mass 337 00:17:34,160 --> 00:17:37,360 grave and 338 00:17:39,079 --> 00:17:45,798 shot then another group is brought in 339 00:17:42,480 --> 00:17:45,798 layer upon 340 00:17:47,200 --> 00:17:54,759 layer the Nazis call it sardine 341 00:17:51,400 --> 00:17:56,798 packing here we see a massive escalation 342 00:17:54,759 --> 00:17:59,440 of the policy of extermination of the 343 00:17:56,798 --> 00:18:04,200 Jews going on in effect 344 00:17:59,440 --> 00:18:07,038 we have now a holocaust of Soviet Jews 345 00:18:04,200 --> 00:18:09,798 already taking 346 00:18:07,038 --> 00:18:11,440 place the worst Slaughter takes place in 347 00:18:09,798 --> 00:18:15,279 the 348 00:18:11,440 --> 00:18:21,170 Ukraine at the Ravine known as 349 00:18:15,279 --> 00:18:22,839 babiar 33,000 are killed in Just 2 350 00:18:21,170 --> 00:18:26,600 [Music] 351 00:18:22,839 --> 00:18:28,319 days as hydri ramps up the slaughter he 352 00:18:26,599 --> 00:18:33,519 finds he doesn't have enough of his 353 00:18:28,319 --> 00:18:33,519 racist SS thugs he needs new 354 00:18:34,079 --> 00:18:38,240 recruits there is some evidence that 355 00:18:36,079 --> 00:18:41,000 there was a bit more resistance to to 356 00:18:38,240 --> 00:18:42,079 taking part in the killings than than 357 00:18:41,000 --> 00:18:44,319 perhaps there would have been in the IR 358 00:18:42,079 --> 00:18:46,558 at grion but this was by and large 359 00:18:44,319 --> 00:18:48,879 overcome and it was done by by the use 360 00:18:46,558 --> 00:18:51,279 of for example alcohol uh given out 361 00:18:48,880 --> 00:18:53,720 freely uh to these people that would 362 00:18:51,279 --> 00:18:56,440 anesthetize them against the against the 363 00:18:53,720 --> 00:18:57,880 effects if you like of seeing large 364 00:18:56,440 --> 00:19:00,240 numbers of people killed in front of 365 00:18:57,880 --> 00:19:02,600 them 366 00:19:00,240 --> 00:19:05,798 but hyri knows this Mass killing is 367 00:19:02,599 --> 00:19:08,719 still taking its toll on his 368 00:19:05,798 --> 00:19:11,480 men most of these men rapidly became 369 00:19:08,720 --> 00:19:14,400 horribly troubled and Disturbed and it's 370 00:19:11,480 --> 00:19:18,200 very largely this experience which 371 00:19:14,400 --> 00:19:23,200 pushes himla and hyrich to look for 372 00:19:18,200 --> 00:19:23,200 other ways of killing huge numbers of 373 00:19:27,720 --> 00:19:35,120 people back home Hitler is still looking 374 00:19:31,519 --> 00:19:37,079 for a way to deal with the 200,000 Jews 375 00:19:35,119 --> 00:19:40,639 living in 376 00:19:37,079 --> 00:19:43,839 Germany everybody knew Jews they were 377 00:19:40,640 --> 00:19:45,679 part of German Society they were Germans 378 00:19:43,839 --> 00:19:47,359 they had fought in the first world war 379 00:19:45,679 --> 00:19:50,640 they had won iron 380 00:19:47,359 --> 00:19:52,918 crosses so gal's propaganda machine has 381 00:19:50,640 --> 00:19:55,480 to be mobilized to create a sense of 382 00:19:52,919 --> 00:19:59,640 difference to set them apart from their 383 00:19:55,480 --> 00:19:59,640 pureblood German Neighbors 384 00:20:00,679 --> 00:20:06,400 stage one give them a 385 00:20:03,159 --> 00:20:08,360 star a Jewish German and a non-jewish 386 00:20:06,400 --> 00:20:10,080 German may not look that different but 387 00:20:08,359 --> 00:20:12,639 what you can do is label them with a 388 00:20:10,079 --> 00:20:15,599 star and it's the yellow star is 389 00:20:12,640 --> 00:20:18,360 absolutely key to differentiating them 390 00:20:15,599 --> 00:20:21,879 and it starts kind of staining 391 00:20:18,359 --> 00:20:25,279 them anyone above the age of six is 392 00:20:21,880 --> 00:20:27,760 obliged to wear the yellow star of 393 00:20:25,279 --> 00:20:29,200 David this is the real moment at which 394 00:20:27,759 --> 00:20:32,240 they really say to the people on the 395 00:20:29,200 --> 00:20:34,519 streets these people are different from 396 00:20:32,240 --> 00:20:38,240 everybody else they're not German they 397 00:20:34,519 --> 00:20:41,038 are Jewish and the Jews are an unwanted 398 00:20:38,240 --> 00:20:44,679 race in our third 399 00:20:41,038 --> 00:20:47,919 right stage two is to make sure Germans 400 00:20:44,679 --> 00:20:49,120 do not socialize with Jews to keep them 401 00:20:47,919 --> 00:20:51,880 physically 402 00:20:49,119 --> 00:20:54,319 apart don't be foed into thinking ah 403 00:20:51,880 --> 00:20:56,720 he's nice because I know him he's a Jew 404 00:20:54,319 --> 00:21:00,079 they're Jews and therefore they're a 405 00:20:56,720 --> 00:21:02,440 threat Geral keeps up a stream of 406 00:21:00,079 --> 00:21:05,000 propaganda carrying the Insidious 407 00:21:02,440 --> 00:21:06,320 message that it's not the Nazis who are 408 00:21:05,000 --> 00:21:09,079 turning on the 409 00:21:06,319 --> 00:21:11,240 Jews the Jews have brought this misery 410 00:21:09,079 --> 00:21:13,960 on 411 00:21:11,240 --> 00:21:19,038 themselves for one of his slogans of the 412 00:21:13,960 --> 00:21:19,038 weak he uses a quote from 413 00:21:19,159 --> 00:21:24,840 Hitler if the international Jewish 414 00:21:21,880 --> 00:21:28,120 finers should succeed in plunging the 415 00:21:24,839 --> 00:21:30,599 Nations once more into a World War then 416 00:21:28,119 --> 00:21:33,798 the result will not be the victory of 417 00:21:30,599 --> 00:21:35,759 jury but the annihilation of the Jewish 418 00:21:33,798 --> 00:21:38,858 race in 419 00:21:35,759 --> 00:21:38,858 [Applause] 420 00:21:40,679 --> 00:21:46,240 Europe it is a masterful piece of 421 00:21:43,679 --> 00:21:47,320 propaganda it absolves the German people 422 00:21:46,240 --> 00:21:50,359 of any 423 00:21:47,319 --> 00:21:51,759 guilt the Jews will be responsible for 424 00:21:50,359 --> 00:21:53,639 their own 425 00:21:51,759 --> 00:21:56,720 destruction the 426 00:21:53,640 --> 00:21:59,559 single most disturbing thing that Geral 427 00:21:56,720 --> 00:22:02,880 achieved that was scapegoating he was 428 00:21:59,558 --> 00:22:02,879 polluting the mind of a 429 00:22:03,278 --> 00:22:09,319 Nation slowly but surely the Nazis are 430 00:22:06,440 --> 00:22:12,480 grooming German citizens to accept the 431 00:22:09,319 --> 00:22:14,839 removal of the 200,000 Jews still living 432 00:22:12,480 --> 00:22:14,839 as their 433 00:22:20,200 --> 00:22:28,720 neighbors however even now they are wary 434 00:22:24,599 --> 00:22:31,000 of inflaming domestic public opinion 435 00:22:28,720 --> 00:22:32,759 the Hardline is softened for public 436 00:22:31,000 --> 00:22:34,679 consumption so that people who are 437 00:22:32,759 --> 00:22:36,599 already been trained to be anti-jewish 438 00:22:34,679 --> 00:22:39,840 are not pushed too 439 00:22:36,599 --> 00:22:44,240 far the Man In Charge SS General 440 00:22:39,839 --> 00:22:47,038 Reinhardt hydri begins a campaign of 441 00:22:44,240 --> 00:22:50,120 deception the official line is that the 442 00:22:47,038 --> 00:22:52,599 Jews are to be resettled in the 443 00:22:50,119 --> 00:22:54,759 East HRI of course realizes what you 444 00:22:52,599 --> 00:22:55,959 can't just say uh publicly it's right 445 00:22:54,759 --> 00:22:58,000 we're going to kill 6 million people 446 00:22:55,960 --> 00:23:01,079 tomorrow morning um you know you you got 447 00:22:58,000 --> 00:23:02,119 to do a bit more subtly than that um and 448 00:23:01,079 --> 00:23:05,119 you know when you're talking about 449 00:23:02,119 --> 00:23:06,359 evacuating people to the east um you've 450 00:23:05,119 --> 00:23:09,359 got to make it look as though they 451 00:23:06,359 --> 00:23:11,399 really are just being evacuated to the 452 00:23:09,359 --> 00:23:15,319 [Music] 453 00:23:11,400 --> 00:23:18,519 east so hydri sets up a model camp at 454 00:23:15,319 --> 00:23:20,798 teresian stat in the occupied Czech 455 00:23:18,519 --> 00:23:23,960 Territory news reels are released 456 00:23:20,798 --> 00:23:26,639 showing it as a safe place where German 457 00:23:23,960 --> 00:23:26,640 Jews can 458 00:23:26,720 --> 00:23:30,798 resettle and it was for provided with 459 00:23:29,000 --> 00:23:34,880 facilities that many ordinary Germans 460 00:23:30,798 --> 00:23:38,158 didn't have um swimming pools complex of 461 00:23:34,880 --> 00:23:40,120 Cinemas massage areas the idea being 462 00:23:38,159 --> 00:23:42,640 that although we've removed the Jew from 463 00:23:40,119 --> 00:23:44,678 our midst we're not making him suffer 464 00:23:42,640 --> 00:23:45,880 because we're giving him a way of life 465 00:23:44,679 --> 00:23:47,460 which is perfectly consistent with 466 00:23:45,880 --> 00:23:49,799 civilized 467 00:23:47,460 --> 00:23:52,558 [Music] 468 00:23:49,798 --> 00:23:56,200 standards It's a cruel 469 00:23:52,558 --> 00:23:58,720 deceit for most Jews teresian stat is 470 00:23:56,200 --> 00:24:00,759 really just a stop before they are sent 471 00:23:58,720 --> 00:24:03,289 on their way to the horrific ghettos in 472 00:24:00,759 --> 00:24:04,599 occupied Poland and around the 473 00:24:03,289 --> 00:24:06,440 [Music] 474 00:24:04,599 --> 00:24:08,079 Baltic and that's one of the kind of 475 00:24:06,440 --> 00:24:10,720 terrifying elements of the Nazi regime 476 00:24:08,079 --> 00:24:12,558 is they're doing performing murder and 477 00:24:10,720 --> 00:24:15,329 terrible crimes but at the same time 478 00:24:12,558 --> 00:24:18,119 trying to make it look as though it's 479 00:24:15,329 --> 00:24:20,918 [Music] 480 00:24:18,119 --> 00:24:24,599 correct but hyrri's deportation of the 481 00:24:20,919 --> 00:24:27,759 German Jews creates a new 482 00:24:24,599 --> 00:24:30,000 problem out in the East the ghettos are 483 00:24:27,759 --> 00:24:33,000 already crammed 484 00:24:30,000 --> 00:24:35,359 full because of the overcrowding local 485 00:24:33,000 --> 00:24:37,919 Nazi leaders in the occupied 486 00:24:35,359 --> 00:24:40,519 territories start to kill Jews to make 487 00:24:37,919 --> 00:24:40,520 space for the 488 00:24:40,880 --> 00:24:46,480 newcomers this almost leads to a public 489 00:24:43,720 --> 00:24:46,480 relations 490 00:24:47,679 --> 00:24:54,200 disaster in late 1941 a thousand German 491 00:24:51,679 --> 00:24:57,240 Jews are dispatched East to the model 492 00:24:54,200 --> 00:24:57,240 camp at teresian 493 00:24:57,319 --> 00:25:03,639 stat and these aren't just any Jews many 494 00:25:00,960 --> 00:25:06,200 of them are elderly war heroes holders 495 00:25:03,640 --> 00:25:09,559 of the Iron 496 00:25:06,200 --> 00:25:12,960 Cross then there's an error they're sent 497 00:25:09,558 --> 00:25:15,119 to a ghetto in lvia where Jews are being 498 00:25:12,960 --> 00:25:17,440 massacred but because of mix up in the 499 00:25:15,119 --> 00:25:20,000 administration of it they end up in R 500 00:25:17,440 --> 00:25:22,798 and most of them are 501 00:25:20,000 --> 00:25:26,200 shocked it's a catastrophic 502 00:25:22,798 --> 00:25:29,558 error if the news leaks out the German 503 00:25:26,200 --> 00:25:32,159 people would be appalled 504 00:25:29,558 --> 00:25:35,798 it's a warning to hydri and SS Chief 505 00:25:32,159 --> 00:25:37,760 Hinrich himler killing German Jews needs 506 00:25:35,798 --> 00:25:41,200 their close 507 00:25:37,759 --> 00:25:44,919 control by now their plans for the SS to 508 00:25:41,200 --> 00:25:44,919 deliver the final solution are 509 00:25:51,319 --> 00:25:55,918 ready An Elegant Lakeside Villa in the 510 00:25:54,278 --> 00:26:00,679 Berlin suburb of 511 00:25:55,919 --> 00:26:00,679 van is the venue for a top secret 512 00:26:12,319 --> 00:26:19,319 meeting high ranking civil servants The 513 00:26:15,720 --> 00:26:21,558 Men Who Run the German State Nazi party 514 00:26:19,319 --> 00:26:24,519 officials and members of the Reich 515 00:26:21,558 --> 00:26:28,558 Security Forces assemble for one of the 516 00:26:24,519 --> 00:26:32,519 most notorious gatherings in history 517 00:26:28,558 --> 00:26:34,960 in this quiet palatial atmosphere all of 518 00:26:32,519 --> 00:26:39,319 the stakeholders who will decide the 519 00:26:34,960 --> 00:26:42,519 fate of European Jews are 520 00:26:39,319 --> 00:26:46,359 assembled awaiting them will be Adolf 521 00:26:42,519 --> 00:26:49,278 ikan Chief organizer of Jewish 522 00:26:46,359 --> 00:26:51,959 deportation he is to become a key player 523 00:26:49,278 --> 00:26:55,440 in the Nazis Final 524 00:26:51,960 --> 00:26:58,519 Solution Ian was a virent anti-site he 525 00:26:55,440 --> 00:27:00,798 was a uh very uh passionate man man in 526 00:26:58,519 --> 00:27:04,119 many ways he was a drunkard he had 527 00:27:00,798 --> 00:27:05,519 affairs he was a very committed Nazi and 528 00:27:04,119 --> 00:27:07,319 he really felt that what he was doing 529 00:27:05,519 --> 00:27:10,000 was absolutely right and he wasn't just 530 00:27:07,319 --> 00:27:11,480 doing it because he was a a boring civil 531 00:27:10,000 --> 00:27:14,079 servant he was doing it because he 532 00:27:11,480 --> 00:27:14,079 wanted to kill 533 00:27:15,880 --> 00:27:20,840 Jews his role today is to keep the 534 00:27:18,480 --> 00:27:24,480 minutes of the 535 00:27:20,839 --> 00:27:25,720 meeting the mood is relaxed despite the 536 00:27:24,480 --> 00:27:31,880 Sinister 537 00:27:25,720 --> 00:27:31,880 agenda Ian's Superior hydri is in the 538 00:27:37,159 --> 00:27:43,799 chair first hydri makes it clear his 539 00:27:41,159 --> 00:27:47,200 authority comes from the very top via 540 00:27:43,798 --> 00:27:49,960 guring Hitler's number two and what he 541 00:27:47,200 --> 00:27:52,319 is putting forward is an SS run 542 00:27:49,960 --> 00:27:54,600 operation what hydri had to do was to 543 00:27:52,319 --> 00:27:57,519 establish that what he was doing or 544 00:27:54,599 --> 00:28:00,719 proposing at van was in fact the fur's 545 00:27:57,519 --> 00:28:03,839 policy the meeting is so sensitive the 546 00:28:00,720 --> 00:28:07,440 only reference to the Nazis real plan is 547 00:28:03,839 --> 00:28:09,599 in the careful language of Ian's minutes 548 00:28:07,440 --> 00:28:12,159 the Jews already under German control 549 00:28:09,599 --> 00:28:15,439 will be put to work in the East the 550 00:28:12,159 --> 00:28:17,240 majority will die those that survive 551 00:28:15,440 --> 00:28:20,200 will have to be dealt with 552 00:28:17,240 --> 00:28:24,079 appropriately dealt with appropriately 553 00:28:20,200 --> 00:28:27,080 is code for what we know as the final 554 00:28:24,079 --> 00:28:29,240 solution the plan is to kill all of the 555 00:28:27,079 --> 00:28:32,639 11 million Jew Jews in 556 00:28:29,240 --> 00:28:32,640 Europe it is 557 00:28:38,278 --> 00:28:44,278 genocide this is a task too big for 558 00:28:41,398 --> 00:28:44,278 hydrix death 559 00:28:45,519 --> 00:28:50,519 squads it will require murder on an 560 00:28:48,679 --> 00:28:52,960 industrial 561 00:28:50,519 --> 00:28:56,720 scale what Hydra brought to the table 562 00:28:52,960 --> 00:29:00,120 was an incredibly analytical mind a very 563 00:28:56,720 --> 00:29:03,759 very cold evil way of thinking that 564 00:29:00,119 --> 00:29:06,639 could just regard genocide as a kind of 565 00:29:03,759 --> 00:29:08,679 uh challenge for a civil servant hydri 566 00:29:06,640 --> 00:29:10,759 needs the men around him to mobilize 567 00:29:08,679 --> 00:29:12,720 Germany's resources and 568 00:29:10,759 --> 00:29:14,679 infrastructure they will have to be 569 00:29:12,720 --> 00:29:17,960 involved in this 570 00:29:14,679 --> 00:29:20,120 crime van is the coming together in 571 00:29:17,960 --> 00:29:22,480 administration terms of all the leading 572 00:29:20,119 --> 00:29:24,798 authorities concerned with transport 573 00:29:22,480 --> 00:29:26,319 with um Gathering of the Jews with 574 00:29:24,798 --> 00:29:28,558 treatment of them when they the Food 575 00:29:26,319 --> 00:29:29,918 Supplies Etc that's got that's a 576 00:29:28,558 --> 00:29:31,369 logistical problem that's got to be 577 00:29:29,919 --> 00:29:34,450 resolved by logistical 578 00:29:31,369 --> 00:29:34,449 [Music] 579 00:29:36,440 --> 00:29:45,360 means to hydri relief there is no 580 00:29:41,720 --> 00:29:48,360 dissent in just over an hour hydri has 581 00:29:45,359 --> 00:29:51,038 the agreement he wants the German state 582 00:29:48,359 --> 00:29:54,158 will be mobilized and the SS are in 583 00:29:51,038 --> 00:29:54,158 charge of the final 584 00:29:54,200 --> 00:30:00,038 solution now it's just a question of 585 00:29:57,119 --> 00:30:00,038 practicalities 586 00:30:05,759 --> 00:30:12,798 in the remote area of Eastern Poland 587 00:30:08,480 --> 00:30:14,480 there are huge SES of Deep Dark Forest 588 00:30:12,798 --> 00:30:16,398 if you want to get rid of a people 589 00:30:14,480 --> 00:30:18,329 that's the place to do it this is a 590 00:30:16,398 --> 00:30:20,839 place where people can just 591 00:30:18,329 --> 00:30:24,199 [Music] 592 00:30:20,839 --> 00:30:25,439 disappear the SS already has a base here 593 00:30:24,200 --> 00:30:28,000 in the city of 594 00:30:25,440 --> 00:30:30,880 Lublin they have rounded up thousands of 595 00:30:28,000 --> 00:30:33,839 Jew into labor camps and ghettos they 596 00:30:30,880 --> 00:30:36,120 must now be discreetly 597 00:30:33,839 --> 00:30:38,759 killed hydri has already been 598 00:30:36,119 --> 00:30:41,959 experimenting on the best way to do 599 00:30:38,759 --> 00:30:42,960 it he's brought in his top expert in 600 00:30:41,960 --> 00:30:45,480 mass 601 00:30:42,960 --> 00:30:48,679 murder one of the most unpleasant of a 602 00:30:45,480 --> 00:30:50,960 very unpleasant Bunch called Nazis was 603 00:30:48,679 --> 00:30:53,360 fellow called Christian vert uh he's 604 00:30:50,960 --> 00:30:56,679 involved in the euthanasia program he 605 00:30:53,359 --> 00:30:58,398 designs the death rooms uh and he uses 606 00:30:56,679 --> 00:31:00,519 his knowledge and experience to apply it 607 00:30:58,398 --> 00:31:02,798 to extermination of Jews and he was the 608 00:31:00,519 --> 00:31:04,519 one that said you can't destroy Jews at 609 00:31:02,798 --> 00:31:07,839 peace meal as we did in the euthanasia 610 00:31:04,519 --> 00:31:12,638 program we need thousand a day 2,000 a 611 00:31:07,839 --> 00:31:12,638 day see this as a major logistical 612 00:31:12,720 --> 00:31:17,600 problem on his way to Lublin vert does 613 00:31:16,240 --> 00:31:20,599 some 614 00:31:17,599 --> 00:31:22,798 research at the town of Helo they are 615 00:31:20,599 --> 00:31:25,038 already experimenting on how to kill 616 00:31:22,798 --> 00:31:28,038 polish 617 00:31:25,038 --> 00:31:30,480 Jews first they are LED into a sealed 618 00:31:28,038 --> 00:31:33,359 chamber unaware they are entering the 619 00:31:30,480 --> 00:31:33,360 back of a large 620 00:31:33,599 --> 00:31:42,119 truck exhaust fumes are pumped in and 621 00:31:37,200 --> 00:31:42,120 the victims soon die of carbon monoxide 622 00:31:42,599 --> 00:31:48,000 poisoning but killing one truckload of 623 00:31:45,119 --> 00:31:50,959 50 Jews at a time is not going to 624 00:31:48,000 --> 00:31:50,960 deliver the final 625 00:31:53,079 --> 00:31:59,918 solution vert's orders offer mass murder 626 00:31:56,319 --> 00:32:02,558 hidden away in Poland's dense 627 00:31:59,919 --> 00:32:07,399 forests he needs a more efficient 628 00:32:02,558 --> 00:32:07,398 continuous process to kill the numbers 629 00:32:07,759 --> 00:32:12,480 required so at his first location near 630 00:32:10,798 --> 00:32:15,839 the remote Village of 631 00:32:12,480 --> 00:32:18,679 belet vert installs a static combustion 632 00:32:15,839 --> 00:32:21,278 engine to pump exhaust fumes into large 633 00:32:18,679 --> 00:32:24,320 sealed gas 634 00:32:21,278 --> 00:32:26,319 Chambers belet becomes a blueprint for 635 00:32:24,319 --> 00:32:28,798 other secret death 636 00:32:26,319 --> 00:32:30,038 camps so 637 00:32:28,798 --> 00:32:33,038 and 638 00:32:30,038 --> 00:32:35,038 trinka with Helo they form a lethal 639 00:32:33,038 --> 00:32:37,440 network of 640 00:32:35,038 --> 00:32:41,158 extermination all carefully chosen 641 00:32:37,440 --> 00:32:41,159 because they are close to the railway 642 00:32:41,440 --> 00:32:46,240 lines the Nazis now carry out the first 643 00:32:44,519 --> 00:32:50,278 stage of their 644 00:32:46,240 --> 00:32:50,278 plan they liquidate the 645 00:32:50,720 --> 00:32:56,000 ghettos some 1 and a half million Jews 646 00:32:53,759 --> 00:32:58,679 are shipped to these 647 00:32:56,000 --> 00:32:59,679 camps crammed into C met trucks and 648 00:32:58,679 --> 00:33:02,038 goods 649 00:32:59,679 --> 00:33:06,200 wagons brought in like 650 00:33:02,038 --> 00:33:07,180 cargo to be eliminated swiftly and out 651 00:33:06,200 --> 00:33:10,558 of 652 00:33:07,180 --> 00:33:13,360 [Music] 653 00:33:10,558 --> 00:33:15,398 sight unlike the vast concentration 654 00:33:13,359 --> 00:33:18,479 camps in Germany which were 655 00:33:15,398 --> 00:33:20,398 prisons these death factories take up 656 00:33:18,480 --> 00:33:22,720 just a small 657 00:33:20,398 --> 00:33:26,278 clearing these Forest are places where 658 00:33:22,720 --> 00:33:28,759 evil happens and the Nazis chose a spot 659 00:33:26,278 --> 00:33:31,000 that almost feels evil for what they did 660 00:33:28,759 --> 00:33:32,798 there took place it is quite the most 661 00:33:31,000 --> 00:33:35,119 terrifying spot and it's not just 662 00:33:32,798 --> 00:33:36,638 terrifying because what we now know that 663 00:33:35,119 --> 00:33:39,518 happened there it's terrifying because 664 00:33:36,638 --> 00:33:41,038 it's remote it's dark it's lonely and 665 00:33:39,519 --> 00:33:44,399 it's sort of a place that just gives you 666 00:33:41,038 --> 00:33:44,398 a sense of absolute 667 00:33:45,279 --> 00:33:50,440 [Music] 668 00:33:47,278 --> 00:33:52,839 hopelessness hidden from German eyes the 669 00:33:50,440 --> 00:33:55,840 rounding up of Polish Jews is a brutal 670 00:33:52,839 --> 00:33:55,839 affair 671 00:33:55,990 --> 00:34:00,919 [Music] 672 00:33:59,240 --> 00:34:03,880 a very different challenge is how to 673 00:34:00,919 --> 00:34:05,320 round up German Jews and send them to 674 00:34:03,880 --> 00:34:08,320 the death 675 00:34:05,319 --> 00:34:11,639 camps the man in charge of this problem 676 00:34:08,320 --> 00:34:14,399 is hydrick killer bureaucrat Adolf 677 00:34:11,639 --> 00:34:17,599 ikan he is The Mastermind of the 678 00:34:14,398 --> 00:34:19,559 deportation program the Holocaust the 679 00:34:17,599 --> 00:34:22,079 destruction of the Jews was a 680 00:34:19,559 --> 00:34:24,039 bureaucratic process and to run a 681 00:34:22,079 --> 00:34:26,399 bureaucratic process you need 682 00:34:24,039 --> 00:34:29,398 bureaucrats Adolf akman is the 683 00:34:26,398 --> 00:34:31,159 archetypal bureaucrat functioning in 684 00:34:29,398 --> 00:34:34,440 administrative sense is the key to 685 00:34:31,159 --> 00:34:37,599 success of any policy it's got to be 686 00:34:34,440 --> 00:34:39,320 programmed the issue facing ikan is how 687 00:34:37,599 --> 00:34:41,800 to get rid of these Jews without 688 00:34:39,320 --> 00:34:44,039 upsetting their neighbors without 689 00:34:41,800 --> 00:34:45,320 ordinary Germans finding out what is 690 00:34:44,039 --> 00:34:48,960 really going 691 00:34:45,320 --> 00:34:50,838 on the answer is the familiar Nazi 692 00:34:48,960 --> 00:34:53,320 tactic 693 00:34:50,838 --> 00:34:56,519 deception people are told that the Jews 694 00:34:53,320 --> 00:34:59,519 are being resettled sent to a safe 695 00:34:56,519 --> 00:34:59,519 destination 696 00:35:00,199 --> 00:35:05,279 at the railway stations they won't see 697 00:35:02,400 --> 00:35:07,760 any Sinister cattle trucks the Jews 698 00:35:05,280 --> 00:35:11,119 leave on comfortable passenger trains 699 00:35:07,760 --> 00:35:13,800 with tickets food and money for the 700 00:35:11,119 --> 00:35:17,640 journey and this deception seems to work 701 00:35:13,800 --> 00:35:19,720 on Germans and Jews this is probably the 702 00:35:17,639 --> 00:35:21,679 most amazing part of the process that it 703 00:35:19,719 --> 00:35:24,358 seems to all go on in a kind of matter 704 00:35:21,679 --> 00:35:28,118 of fact way we don't see any massive 705 00:35:24,358 --> 00:35:31,799 riots at the uh German collecting points 706 00:35:28,119 --> 00:35:33,880 they do assemble thinking that you know 707 00:35:31,800 --> 00:35:36,400 resettlement in the East might actually 708 00:35:33,880 --> 00:35:39,280 be better than walking around a German 709 00:35:36,400 --> 00:35:41,720 Street by now and being abused their 710 00:35:39,280 --> 00:35:44,000 civil rights have been taken away their 711 00:35:41,719 --> 00:35:46,559 dignity have been taken away their 712 00:35:44,000 --> 00:35:48,960 property had been taken away many of 713 00:35:46,559 --> 00:35:51,759 them thought things might actually get 714 00:35:48,960 --> 00:35:54,559 better they'd accepted they had no place 715 00:35:51,760 --> 00:35:56,800 in Germany and maybe hey things in 716 00:35:54,559 --> 00:35:58,719 Poland could be no worse than what they 717 00:35:56,800 --> 00:36:00,760 are 718 00:35:58,719 --> 00:36:02,879 the Jews will not discover the truth 719 00:36:00,760 --> 00:36:06,160 about their final destination until they 720 00:36:02,880 --> 00:36:06,160 are far from German 721 00:36:06,880 --> 00:36:11,980 soil the Nazis continue their deception 722 00:36:10,159 --> 00:36:14,159 to The Bitter 723 00:36:11,980 --> 00:36:17,280 [Music] 724 00:36:14,159 --> 00:36:19,078 End the commandant of trinka death camp 725 00:36:17,280 --> 00:36:20,319 orders the construction of a fake 726 00:36:19,079 --> 00:36:24,079 railway 727 00:36:20,318 --> 00:36:28,880 station complete with painted wooden 728 00:36:24,079 --> 00:36:31,240 clock its hands always fixed at 6:00 729 00:36:28,880 --> 00:36:35,200 [Music] 730 00:36:31,239 --> 00:36:35,199 just enough to reassure the new 731 00:36:35,559 --> 00:36:40,880 arrivals but this stop will be their 732 00:36:38,400 --> 00:36:43,200 last convinced they are to have a shower 733 00:36:40,880 --> 00:36:46,119 for health reasons men and women are 734 00:36:43,199 --> 00:36:49,318 separated and remove their clothes their 735 00:36:46,119 --> 00:36:51,960 hair and beards are Shor off then 736 00:36:49,318 --> 00:36:55,318 suddenly they are rushed into the tube a 737 00:36:51,960 --> 00:36:58,000 narrow Corridor lined with barbed wire a 738 00:36:55,318 --> 00:37:00,960 dark chamber looms but it is it's too 739 00:36:58,000 --> 00:37:04,199 late the journey from train to death 740 00:37:00,960 --> 00:37:04,199 takes just 90 741 00:37:08,920 --> 00:37:16,318 minutes the Nazis are now operating such 742 00:37:11,760 --> 00:37:16,319 an efficient system nothing can stop 743 00:37:17,369 --> 00:37:23,318 [Music] 744 00:37:19,639 --> 00:37:26,039 it not even when Reinhardt hydri the 745 00:37:23,318 --> 00:37:29,920 Chief Architect of the final solution 746 00:37:26,039 --> 00:37:33,279 Falls victim to an assassination 747 00:37:29,920 --> 00:37:36,559 attempt at his funeral the biggest sort 748 00:37:33,280 --> 00:37:39,599 of Nazi uh showpiece funeral of the 749 00:37:36,559 --> 00:37:41,599 entire period all the Nazis are there 750 00:37:39,599 --> 00:37:44,599 and Hitler seems to even be shedding a 751 00:37:41,599 --> 00:37:47,318 few tears at losing this sort of 752 00:37:44,599 --> 00:37:51,559 rightand Arian 753 00:37:47,318 --> 00:37:54,239 Superman in Hy's honor his boss SS Chief 754 00:37:51,559 --> 00:37:58,159 Hinrich himler names the death camp 755 00:37:54,239 --> 00:38:01,598 project action Reinhardt and vows to 756 00:37:58,159 --> 00:38:01,598 step up the slaughter in 757 00:38:04,210 --> 00:38:10,679 [Music] 758 00:38:07,239 --> 00:38:13,118 Poland in the forests of Eastern Poland 759 00:38:10,679 --> 00:38:18,519 the Nazis are carrying out their final 760 00:38:13,119 --> 00:38:18,519 solution to the Jewish question it is 761 00:38:22,800 --> 00:38:29,920 genocide at the end of 762 00:38:25,079 --> 00:38:32,240 1942 Adolf ikan the Nazis killer 763 00:38:29,920 --> 00:38:34,639 bureaucrat receives detailed reports 764 00:38:32,239 --> 00:38:37,719 from the secret polish death 765 00:38:34,639 --> 00:38:40,039 camps over a million Jews have already 766 00:38:37,719 --> 00:38:40,039 been 767 00:38:41,679 --> 00:38:48,078 killed Hitler's vision is being 768 00:38:45,480 --> 00:38:51,119 fulfilled there was a time when the Jews 769 00:38:48,079 --> 00:38:54,039 in Germany laughed at my prophecies but 770 00:38:51,119 --> 00:38:56,119 take my word for it they will stop 771 00:38:54,039 --> 00:38:58,400 laughing 772 00:38:56,119 --> 00:39:01,280 everywhere follow following the Nazis 773 00:38:58,400 --> 00:39:04,760 master plan the Jews are being worked to 774 00:39:01,280 --> 00:39:04,760 death or murdered 775 00:39:05,199 --> 00:39:11,480 outright out in Poland the Nazis are 776 00:39:08,280 --> 00:39:11,480 less discreet in their 777 00:39:12,480 --> 00:39:18,679 killing the midanik Concentration Camp 778 00:39:15,838 --> 00:39:21,159 built on a hill in full view of the city 779 00:39:18,679 --> 00:39:24,358 of Lublin was originally intended to 780 00:39:21,159 --> 00:39:28,239 house Soviet prisoners of 781 00:39:24,358 --> 00:39:30,679 War under SS control it becomes another 782 00:39:28,239 --> 00:39:35,439 Grim destination for tens of thousands 783 00:39:30,679 --> 00:39:38,399 of Polish Jews shipped in as forced 784 00:39:35,440 --> 00:39:41,119 laborers living in the most brutal 785 00:39:38,400 --> 00:39:43,920 conditions many of them will die from 786 00:39:41,119 --> 00:39:43,920 sickness and 787 00:39:45,280 --> 00:39:51,160 exhaustion as a key part of the Nazis 788 00:39:48,159 --> 00:39:54,159 Final Solution the camp is equipped with 789 00:39:51,159 --> 00:39:54,159 facilities for 790 00:39:56,079 --> 00:40:01,760 extermination po ous carbon monoxide is 791 00:39:59,119 --> 00:40:05,160 used in the gas 792 00:40:01,760 --> 00:40:09,240 Chambers and a crematorium is installed 793 00:40:05,159 --> 00:40:12,358 with ovens to burn thousands of 794 00:40:09,239 --> 00:40:15,559 bodies death camps slave labor camps 795 00:40:12,358 --> 00:40:17,440 extermination camps it's hard to Define 796 00:40:15,559 --> 00:40:20,920 which is Wich at some 797 00:40:17,440 --> 00:40:23,039 points all we know is people are dying 798 00:40:20,920 --> 00:40:25,639 they're dying through a number of ways 799 00:40:23,039 --> 00:40:27,759 starvation some are being gassed some 800 00:40:25,639 --> 00:40:30,400 are being systematically killed some are 801 00:40:27,760 --> 00:40:34,000 being beaten to 802 00:40:30,400 --> 00:40:37,079 death 200 miles to the West one of the 803 00:40:34,000 --> 00:40:41,838 largest polish work camps is transformed 804 00:40:37,079 --> 00:40:41,839 into the Nazis most notorious killing 805 00:40:42,199 --> 00:40:49,039 machine and it is here at alitz 806 00:40:46,280 --> 00:40:52,599 burkau that the mass murder of the final 807 00:40:49,039 --> 00:40:55,400 solution will reach a truly barbaric 808 00:40:52,599 --> 00:40:57,920 level alongside a vast industrial 809 00:40:55,400 --> 00:41:01,240 complex himler orders the construction 810 00:40:57,920 --> 00:41:06,720 of gas Chambers and crematoria capable 811 00:41:01,239 --> 00:41:06,719 of slaughtering up to 6,000 people every 812 00:41:07,599 --> 00:41:13,920 day and the Nazis now have a new 813 00:41:10,599 --> 00:41:16,480 technique for murder a chemical designed 814 00:41:13,920 --> 00:41:16,480 to kill 815 00:41:16,519 --> 00:41:24,318 pests zyclone B is a cyanide based 816 00:41:20,719 --> 00:41:27,919 substance in a warm moist atmosphere it 817 00:41:24,318 --> 00:41:30,599 turns from pellets into a highly toxic 818 00:41:27,920 --> 00:41:33,440 gas the death cells were constructed 819 00:41:30,599 --> 00:41:36,440 with with either pipes into them at high 820 00:41:33,440 --> 00:41:38,240 level or holes in the roof through which 821 00:41:36,440 --> 00:41:41,000 the pellets could be 822 00:41:38,239 --> 00:41:44,799 dropped the killer pesticide is soon 823 00:41:41,000 --> 00:41:47,519 being used by the Nazis on a massive 824 00:41:44,800 --> 00:41:50,359 scale they are moving here into 825 00:41:47,519 --> 00:41:52,559 absolutely new territory nobody in 826 00:41:50,358 --> 00:41:54,159 history has attempted to do something 827 00:41:52,559 --> 00:41:56,759 like this before 828 00:41:54,159 --> 00:41:59,639 so they they they they are literally 829 00:41:56,760 --> 00:42:03,119 finding ing their 830 00:41:59,639 --> 00:42:06,000 way manufacturing zeyon B boosts the 831 00:42:03,119 --> 00:42:08,200 profits of Germany's chemical industry 832 00:42:06,000 --> 00:42:10,880 the complicity of the great 833 00:42:08,199 --> 00:42:13,078 manufacturing chemical companies is 834 00:42:10,880 --> 00:42:14,240 obvious they later at nurenberg and 835 00:42:13,079 --> 00:42:16,720 afterward said we didn't know it it's 836 00:42:14,239 --> 00:42:18,399 being useful why would you need zeyon be 837 00:42:16,719 --> 00:42:20,759 on that scale of production if it wasn't 838 00:42:18,400 --> 00:42:20,760 against 839 00:42:21,719 --> 00:42:27,199 people by this stage many more Germans 840 00:42:25,159 --> 00:42:28,719 are becoming aware of what is happening 841 00:42:27,199 --> 00:42:32,838 to the 842 00:42:28,719 --> 00:42:35,598 Jews there's one amazing incident where 843 00:42:32,838 --> 00:42:37,799 a a freight train was going towards aitz 844 00:42:35,599 --> 00:42:39,960 and one of the survivors said that he 845 00:42:37,800 --> 00:42:42,160 was in this freight train and he said 846 00:42:39,960 --> 00:42:44,920 that at one of the train stations at a 847 00:42:42,159 --> 00:42:48,239 German station somebody shouted we know 848 00:42:44,920 --> 00:42:50,240 where you're going to the gas Chambers 849 00:42:48,239 --> 00:42:52,078 so you can see that in these little 850 00:42:50,239 --> 00:42:53,879 towns even people knew what was 851 00:42:52,079 --> 00:42:55,800 happening so I imagine in that 852 00:42:53,880 --> 00:42:58,838 particular freight train then there was 853 00:42:55,800 --> 00:43:01,839 a certain amount of trepid 854 00:42:58,838 --> 00:43:03,838 to help Finance his evil plans himler 855 00:43:01,838 --> 00:43:05,159 turns the final solution into a 856 00:43:03,838 --> 00:43:08,719 commercial 857 00:43:05,159 --> 00:43:10,118 partnership between the SS and Germany's 858 00:43:08,719 --> 00:43:13,439 corporate 859 00:43:10,119 --> 00:43:16,599 Giants the SS make a fortune leasing out 860 00:43:13,440 --> 00:43:20,800 their Jewish prisoners men women and 861 00:43:16,599 --> 00:43:23,240 children to work in IG faron's factories 862 00:43:20,800 --> 00:43:26,720 we can actually see that in The Killing 863 00:43:23,239 --> 00:43:30,679 process we do have partners in crime 864 00:43:26,719 --> 00:43:33,558 here not just the Nazis but also here a 865 00:43:30,679 --> 00:43:36,598 massive capitalist Enterprise that 866 00:43:33,559 --> 00:43:40,079 enters into this project with the Nazis 867 00:43:36,599 --> 00:43:43,079 and actually finances 868 00:43:40,079 --> 00:43:46,000 it and it's not just big business that's 869 00:43:43,079 --> 00:43:49,039 implicated in genocide thousands of 870 00:43:46,000 --> 00:43:51,079 ordinary Germans are making their own 871 00:43:49,039 --> 00:43:53,558 contribution so you've got the train 872 00:43:51,079 --> 00:43:55,880 driver driving a trainload of Jews 873 00:43:53,559 --> 00:43:57,440 across Europe he knows what's going on 874 00:43:55,880 --> 00:43:59,358 but he's not asking any questions you've 875 00:43:57,440 --> 00:44:00,838 got the civil servant working in some 876 00:43:59,358 --> 00:44:03,199 small Department in Berlin who's 877 00:44:00,838 --> 00:44:04,799 probably responsible for supplying the 878 00:44:03,199 --> 00:44:07,719 cattle trucks for a certain shipment of 879 00:44:04,800 --> 00:44:09,720 Jews he's just following orders but what 880 00:44:07,719 --> 00:44:12,039 you've got are a lot of very small cogs 881 00:44:09,719 --> 00:44:13,399 each of whom think well I'm not really 882 00:44:12,039 --> 00:44:15,519 taking part in this I'm just doing a 883 00:44:13,400 --> 00:44:18,280 small thing but when you put all those 884 00:44:15,519 --> 00:44:21,199 cogs together then you've got a murder 885 00:44:18,280 --> 00:44:25,160 machine but when you take it apart each 886 00:44:21,199 --> 00:44:27,598 of those cogs can say it wasn't me with 887 00:44:25,159 --> 00:44:30,000 this complicity of Silence 888 00:44:27,599 --> 00:44:31,920 no German needs to speak openly about 889 00:44:30,000 --> 00:44:36,559 the final 890 00:44:31,920 --> 00:44:36,559 solution no one needs to take 891 00:44:37,239 --> 00:44:42,838 responsibility and all of this seems to 892 00:44:39,880 --> 00:44:45,160 happen with barely a flicker of protest 893 00:44:42,838 --> 00:44:45,159 back 894 00:44:45,519 --> 00:44:51,119 home by 895 00:44:47,519 --> 00:44:56,159 1943 himler is able to declare that 896 00:44:51,119 --> 00:44:59,039 Germany itself is almost uden rine Jew 897 00:44:56,159 --> 00:44:59,039 free 898 00:44:59,318 --> 00:45:03,558 the only resistance comes in one 899 00:45:01,639 --> 00:45:06,480 celebrated 900 00:45:03,559 --> 00:45:10,519 event when the Nazis tried to deport a 901 00:45:06,480 --> 00:45:10,519 group of Jews married to German 902 00:45:10,760 --> 00:45:17,079 women famous occasion known as the Rosen 903 00:45:14,119 --> 00:45:19,119 straser Affair where a number of Jewish 904 00:45:17,079 --> 00:45:22,720 men who had been rounded up their 905 00:45:19,119 --> 00:45:24,640 non-jewish wives came together and 906 00:45:22,719 --> 00:45:28,399 protested on 907 00:45:24,639 --> 00:45:31,598 mass outside Nazi officials houses and 908 00:45:28,400 --> 00:45:35,960 buildings such was their determination 909 00:45:31,599 --> 00:45:39,160 that threats to them to disperse went 910 00:45:35,960 --> 00:45:41,199 unheeded when the protests become public 911 00:45:39,159 --> 00:45:43,000 it causes real consternation at the 912 00:45:41,199 --> 00:45:45,960 highest 913 00:45:43,000 --> 00:45:47,880 levels even now the Nazis are scared of 914 00:45:45,960 --> 00:45:50,960 admitting what is really going 915 00:45:47,880 --> 00:45:52,960 on and the Nazi officials eventually 916 00:45:50,960 --> 00:45:56,000 came to the conclusion far better to 917 00:45:52,960 --> 00:45:57,480 give way than to try and face them down 918 00:45:56,000 --> 00:45:58,960 and the husbands were allowed to go back 919 00:45:57,480 --> 00:46:02,880 to the 920 00:45:58,960 --> 00:46:06,000 wives they even reprieve 35 Jews who had 921 00:46:02,880 --> 00:46:06,000 already been sent to 922 00:46:10,318 --> 00:46:16,558 aitz but the Rosen stasa protest is an 923 00:46:13,920 --> 00:46:16,559 isolated 924 00:46:20,119 --> 00:46:28,240 occasion by now the vast majority of 925 00:46:23,440 --> 00:46:30,720 Germans have other things to worry about 926 00:46:28,239 --> 00:46:34,719 they are starting to lose the war and 927 00:46:30,719 --> 00:46:34,719 their first concern is their own 928 00:46:34,760 --> 00:46:39,200 families they were being you know bombed 929 00:46:37,880 --> 00:46:42,440 Around the Clock by the British and the 930 00:46:39,199 --> 00:46:45,159 Americans they had huge food shortages 931 00:46:42,440 --> 00:46:48,920 um their own children were dying in 932 00:46:45,159 --> 00:46:50,078 droves on the Eastern Front um so you 933 00:46:48,920 --> 00:46:52,000 know I think there was very little 934 00:46:50,079 --> 00:46:54,000 capacity within many people's minds to 935 00:46:52,000 --> 00:46:57,800 actually really care about what was 936 00:46:54,000 --> 00:46:57,800 happening to some Jews 937 00:46:58,199 --> 00:47:04,919 for Hinrich himler the final solution 938 00:47:01,280 --> 00:47:04,920 represents a hideous 939 00:47:06,639 --> 00:47:13,440 Triumph a recording exists of his speech 940 00:47:09,960 --> 00:47:17,639 to a secret meeting of ss 941 00:47:13,440 --> 00:47:17,639 leaders he is openly 942 00:47:18,519 --> 00:47:25,318 proud this is a page of Glory never 943 00:47:21,920 --> 00:47:27,318 mentioned and never to be mentioned this 944 00:47:25,318 --> 00:47:29,519 admission that we can't can't be 945 00:47:27,318 --> 00:47:31,838 acknowledged as heroes in the public eye 946 00:47:29,519 --> 00:47:33,400 is a sure sign that what they've done 947 00:47:31,838 --> 00:47:35,799 would be 948 00:47:33,400 --> 00:47:38,480 unacceptable by now they have killed 949 00:47:35,800 --> 00:47:39,440 some 4 million Jews since the start of 950 00:47:38,480 --> 00:47:42,318 the 951 00:47:39,440 --> 00:47:43,860 war another 2 million will be murdered 952 00:47:42,318 --> 00:47:47,920 before it is 953 00:47:43,860 --> 00:47:51,838 [Music] 954 00:47:47,920 --> 00:47:55,159 over but the Germans must feel no 955 00:47:51,838 --> 00:47:57,759 guilt himler shifts the blame onto the 956 00:47:55,159 --> 00:47:59,960 Jews they are respons responsible for 957 00:47:57,760 --> 00:47:59,960 their 958 00:48:01,960 --> 00:48:08,039 Annihilation we have the moral right we 959 00:48:05,199 --> 00:48:11,759 had the duty to our people to do it to 960 00:48:08,039 --> 00:48:12,889 kill this people who wanted to kill 961 00:48:11,760 --> 00:48:18,319 [Applause] 962 00:48:12,889 --> 00:48:21,879 [Music] 963 00:48:18,318 --> 00:48:25,119 us and so the German people become 964 00:48:21,880 --> 00:48:28,119 complicit in one of the worst crimes in 965 00:48:25,119 --> 00:48:28,119 history 966 00:48:35,619 --> 00:48:46,389 [Music] 68548

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