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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:07,840 --> 00:00:09,080 Normandy, France. 2 00:00:09,480 --> 00:00:10,800 One month after D-Day. 3 00:00:12,080 --> 00:00:15,280 A Canadian regiment confronts a notorious SS Panzer unit. 4 00:00:18,200 --> 00:00:20,240 Accused of horrific war crimes. 5 00:00:21,880 --> 00:00:24,880 The Canadians and the 12th SS Hitler Youth had clashed, 6 00:00:25,080 --> 00:00:27,000 since the 7th of June. 7 00:00:28,800 --> 00:00:30,760 So, the Canadians and the 12th SS 8 00:00:30,960 --> 00:00:33,280 have a very vicious personal war. 9 00:00:39,320 --> 00:00:40,480 For the Germans, 10 00:00:40,680 --> 00:00:42,640 this leaves no room for compromise. 11 00:00:42,800 --> 00:00:44,360 It's only victory or death. 12 00:00:50,440 --> 00:00:52,840 On June 6th, 1944, 13 00:00:53,160 --> 00:00:55,920 allied forces finally land troops in Normandy 14 00:00:56,120 --> 00:00:58,080 to open the Western Front. 15 00:01:04,120 --> 00:01:06,080 But Nazi fanatics and diehards 16 00:01:06,280 --> 00:01:08,640 continue to fight ruthlessly for survival. 17 00:01:13,000 --> 00:01:14,480 D-Day was a battle. 18 00:01:16,520 --> 00:01:18,960 The Allies still need to win the war. 19 00:01:32,000 --> 00:01:33,920 July 8th, 1944. 20 00:01:34,440 --> 00:01:36,000 Outskirts of Caen, France. 21 00:01:40,920 --> 00:01:43,520 The Canadian Regina Rifles prepare to do their part 22 00:01:43,680 --> 00:01:45,080 to liberate the French city. 23 00:01:46,480 --> 00:01:49,400 They scout the approach to their objective in the Northwest sector. 24 00:01:50,440 --> 00:01:53,120 And what they saw they didn't like. It was extremely flat. 25 00:01:53,240 --> 00:01:54,680 There was very little cover. 26 00:01:57,200 --> 00:01:59,280 Lieutenant Colonel Foster Matheson 27 00:01:59,480 --> 00:02:01,560 has brought along his company commanders: 28 00:02:01,760 --> 00:02:03,600 Acting Major Gordon Brown, 29 00:02:03,960 --> 00:02:06,640 Major Eric Syme, and Major Stuart Tubb, 30 00:02:06,760 --> 00:02:08,360 to find the best way forward. 31 00:02:08,480 --> 00:02:10,920 And they're driving around in universal carriers 32 00:02:11,040 --> 00:02:12,560 and at one point they get lost. 33 00:02:14,480 --> 00:02:16,120 The driver takes a wrong turn. 34 00:02:20,440 --> 00:02:22,560 And they find themselves in the midst of fighting. 35 00:02:26,240 --> 00:02:28,360 The Regina Rifles quickly come under attack. 36 00:02:39,880 --> 00:02:41,600 One of the drivers is shot and killed. 37 00:02:45,320 --> 00:02:46,840 The passengers dive for cover. 38 00:03:02,160 --> 00:03:05,720 As the battle rages around them, the vehicles try to reverse course. 39 00:03:21,000 --> 00:03:22,160 In the confusion, 40 00:03:22,400 --> 00:03:25,680 the carriers start to pull away leaving the officers behind. 41 00:03:30,120 --> 00:03:33,840 It proves to be yet another setback in the quest to take Caen. 42 00:03:37,600 --> 00:03:39,600 Only 12 miles from the coast, 43 00:03:39,760 --> 00:03:42,600 allied forces had planned to take the city on D-Day. 44 00:03:45,160 --> 00:03:46,800 But more than a month later, 45 00:03:47,000 --> 00:03:49,120 the goal has proved stubbornly elusive. 46 00:03:51,000 --> 00:03:52,920 Both sides understood that the capture of Caen 47 00:03:53,040 --> 00:03:55,640 was crucial to going through the rest of the country, 48 00:03:55,760 --> 00:03:57,240 that if you could capture Caen, 49 00:03:57,360 --> 00:03:58,640 you could enter the rest of France. 50 00:03:59,200 --> 00:04:01,360 860,000 allied troops 51 00:04:01,480 --> 00:04:03,480 are bottled up at the Normandy beachhead. 52 00:04:05,480 --> 00:04:08,240 The Allies need their forces to break out into France, 53 00:04:08,520 --> 00:04:09,880 then east for Paris. 54 00:04:13,120 --> 00:04:15,120 Caen is a critical road and rail hub. 55 00:04:16,760 --> 00:04:18,560 The Germans understood, if you can defend Caen, 56 00:04:18,760 --> 00:04:20,440 you can block the Allies' advance. 57 00:04:21,400 --> 00:04:24,000 These are armored divisions that had hundreds of tanks. 58 00:04:24,280 --> 00:04:25,440 They needed good roads 59 00:04:25,680 --> 00:04:27,880 and so they were going to be passing through Caen 60 00:04:28,080 --> 00:04:30,760 to strike at the Allies who were on the beaches 61 00:04:30,880 --> 00:04:32,600 and who of course were very vulnerable. 62 00:04:36,120 --> 00:04:38,440 The Regina Rifles have landed in a battle 63 00:04:38,560 --> 00:04:41,040 between the German 12th SS Panzer Division 64 00:04:41,440 --> 00:04:43,000 and other Canadian forces. 65 00:04:43,880 --> 00:04:45,240 This is not the first time 66 00:04:45,520 --> 00:04:47,320 the Rifles have encountered the 12th SS. 67 00:04:50,200 --> 00:04:52,760 A month earlier, on D-Day plus one, 68 00:04:53,040 --> 00:04:56,320 the Reginas had seized the town of Bretteville, not far away. 69 00:04:57,840 --> 00:05:00,040 The Reginas withstood four counterattacks 70 00:05:00,240 --> 00:05:02,040 from the 12th SS Panzer Division, 71 00:05:02,440 --> 00:05:05,520 inflicting 152 German casualties 72 00:05:05,680 --> 00:05:08,160 and destroying six tanks to hold the town, 73 00:05:08,480 --> 00:05:10,360 and earned battle honors for their unit. 74 00:05:13,880 --> 00:05:15,800 At a distinct disadvantage here, 75 00:05:15,960 --> 00:05:17,720 the trucks make a desperate escape. 76 00:05:19,280 --> 00:05:22,960 The officers of the Regina Rifles are in danger of being left behind. 77 00:05:23,360 --> 00:05:24,600 Go, Go! 78 00:05:33,240 --> 00:05:35,360 They haul themselves onto the back of a vehicle, 79 00:05:36,680 --> 00:05:39,720 loaded to their surprise with crates of explosives. 80 00:05:42,880 --> 00:05:45,680 They duck for cover as enemy fire riddles the vehicle, 81 00:05:46,720 --> 00:05:48,000 and can only hope 82 00:05:48,160 --> 00:05:50,560 that a bullet doesn't ignite a fatal explosion. 83 00:06:10,560 --> 00:06:12,560 After finally clearing the battle scene, 84 00:06:12,720 --> 00:06:14,960 the officers take up their reconnaissance position 85 00:06:15,160 --> 00:06:17,120 in the nearby village of Authie. 86 00:06:20,840 --> 00:06:22,160 Earlier that day, 87 00:06:22,360 --> 00:06:25,400 General Bernard Montgomery launched Operation Charnwood, 88 00:06:25,560 --> 00:06:28,600 the British second army's latest attempt to seize Caen. 89 00:06:35,360 --> 00:06:36,800 To support the operation, 90 00:06:37,040 --> 00:06:39,640 the Regina Rifles must take the Abbaye d'Ardenne, 91 00:06:39,960 --> 00:06:41,840 which guards the northwest approach. 92 00:06:45,200 --> 00:06:47,720 A high stone wall surrounds the 12th century church 93 00:06:47,880 --> 00:06:49,160 and its adjoining buildings. 94 00:06:50,400 --> 00:06:52,440 It was a stone fortress. 95 00:06:52,600 --> 00:06:54,360 It had a large tower. 96 00:06:54,520 --> 00:06:56,560 And from the heights of that tower, 97 00:06:56,720 --> 00:06:58,680 they could see the entire countryside. 98 00:06:58,960 --> 00:07:01,400 And so, it's a really critical position, 99 00:07:01,520 --> 00:07:03,920 a strong point that the Germans will use 100 00:07:04,120 --> 00:07:06,880 both to observe the Allies coming off the beaches 101 00:07:07,040 --> 00:07:09,640 and from where they will launch their counterattacks. 102 00:07:13,040 --> 00:07:16,000 Flat grain fields surround the Abbaye on all sides, 103 00:07:16,120 --> 00:07:18,720 providing clear lines of sight for German snipers. 104 00:07:23,240 --> 00:07:25,280 The Germans occupy the only cover: 105 00:07:25,600 --> 00:07:28,400 a dirt mound that once held anti-aircraft guns, 106 00:07:28,520 --> 00:07:30,120 partway across the field. 107 00:07:34,640 --> 00:07:37,080 Matheson plans for Major Syme's B Company 108 00:07:37,160 --> 00:07:39,640 to advance 400 yards from the village of Authie 109 00:07:39,840 --> 00:07:41,120 and take the mound. 110 00:07:42,000 --> 00:07:43,920 Brown's D Company on the left, 111 00:07:44,120 --> 00:07:46,120 along with Tubb's C Company on the right, 112 00:07:46,240 --> 00:07:47,520 are to pass the mound 113 00:07:47,720 --> 00:07:50,680 and advance the remaining 700 yards to the Abbaye. 114 00:07:53,840 --> 00:07:55,400 At 1700 hours, 115 00:07:55,520 --> 00:07:58,360 allied artillery begins to shell the Abbaye d'Ardenne, 116 00:07:58,440 --> 00:08:00,040 in preparation for the assault. 117 00:08:01,680 --> 00:08:04,240 The barrage is meant to soften up German defenses 118 00:08:05,000 --> 00:08:07,680 and keep German heads down as the Canadians approach. 119 00:08:09,520 --> 00:08:11,640 The artillery will last for 30 minutes, 120 00:08:11,800 --> 00:08:14,800 after which the Regina Rifles will launch their attack. 121 00:08:15,360 --> 00:08:16,720 The Abbaye d'Ardenne 122 00:08:16,920 --> 00:08:18,920 is the headquarters of the 12th Panzer Division 123 00:08:19,000 --> 00:08:20,320 they had encountered earlier. 124 00:08:21,000 --> 00:08:24,840 Their commanding officer is Standartenfuhrer Kurt Meyer. 125 00:08:25,520 --> 00:08:27,000 The 33-year old colonel 126 00:08:27,160 --> 00:08:29,560 is one of Germany's youngest divisional commanders. 127 00:08:30,440 --> 00:08:31,680 Kurt Meyer 128 00:08:31,880 --> 00:08:34,320 is an extremely courageous and brave officer. 129 00:08:34,880 --> 00:08:36,280 But at the same time, 130 00:08:36,520 --> 00:08:38,520 he's also extremely ruthless. 131 00:08:39,120 --> 00:08:42,560 He's very much determined to the cause of Nazism 132 00:08:42,800 --> 00:08:45,160 and is also determined 133 00:08:45,360 --> 00:08:48,840 to instill this ideology into his men. 134 00:08:51,280 --> 00:08:54,680 Meyer's Panzer Division is made up of former Hitlerjugend. 135 00:08:55,960 --> 00:08:57,920 The infamous "Hitler Youth" movement 136 00:08:58,120 --> 00:09:00,120 raised a generation of German children 137 00:09:00,280 --> 00:09:02,400 to believe in their Aryan superiority. 138 00:09:04,120 --> 00:09:05,720 For the SS leadership, 139 00:09:05,920 --> 00:09:08,080 12th SS Panzer Division Hitler Youth 140 00:09:08,280 --> 00:09:10,000 is a kind of symbol 141 00:09:10,160 --> 00:09:12,680 for the next generation of Nazism. 142 00:09:16,360 --> 00:09:19,440 Meyer withstands the barrage inside the Abbaye complex. 143 00:09:22,280 --> 00:09:24,560 The main building, as such, would be too much exposed 144 00:09:24,760 --> 00:09:27,640 to Allied artillery fire 145 00:09:27,800 --> 00:09:29,720 or Allied air bombardment. 146 00:09:29,880 --> 00:09:33,000 So, he situates his headquarters in a secondary building, 147 00:09:33,120 --> 00:09:35,200 in the cellar, so that he's protected. 148 00:09:41,120 --> 00:09:43,720 As the allied shelling of the Abbaye continues, 149 00:09:45,480 --> 00:09:48,080 Brown and the rest of the Regina Rifles 150 00:09:48,200 --> 00:09:50,880 try to move into the field from which they are to attack. 151 00:09:52,560 --> 00:09:54,120 But it proves difficult. 152 00:09:55,280 --> 00:09:57,200 Well the Regina Rifles are pinned down 153 00:09:57,320 --> 00:09:59,920 because the village of Authie is not cleared. 154 00:10:00,120 --> 00:10:02,400 This means that the Germans are also able to bring fire 155 00:10:02,480 --> 00:10:04,000 to bear down on the Rifles. 156 00:10:05,480 --> 00:10:07,960 German counter battery fire also opens up. 157 00:10:14,600 --> 00:10:17,440 Several allied tanks position themselves nearby. 158 00:10:20,280 --> 00:10:22,160 But as their jump-off time approaches, 159 00:10:22,480 --> 00:10:25,280 a hidden German 88 begins to launch shells. 160 00:10:28,280 --> 00:10:29,960 The 88 millimeter gun 161 00:10:30,120 --> 00:10:33,200 is the most effective artillery piece in the Nazi arsenal, 162 00:10:33,280 --> 00:10:35,600 and feared by allied tankers everywhere. 163 00:10:36,560 --> 00:10:37,920 In ground combat, 164 00:10:38,160 --> 00:10:41,320 it has a maximum range of over 16,000 yards. 165 00:10:41,680 --> 00:10:43,160 And a well-trained crew 166 00:10:43,400 --> 00:10:45,480 can fire a round every three seconds. 167 00:10:59,520 --> 00:11:02,040 The 88 quickly destroys three Sherman tanks. 168 00:11:08,320 --> 00:11:09,760 As their crews escape, 169 00:11:09,960 --> 00:11:12,840 they draw German machine gun fire from the nearby mound. 170 00:11:14,880 --> 00:11:17,480 Unwilling to stay exposed to the German artillery, 171 00:11:17,720 --> 00:11:19,800 the remaining tanks retreat. 172 00:11:21,000 --> 00:11:23,200 The fighting in Normandy is often envisioned 173 00:11:23,360 --> 00:11:25,440 as a slashing tank assaults, 174 00:11:25,640 --> 00:11:28,880 and almost blitzkrieg like attacks on the enemy. 175 00:11:29,120 --> 00:11:31,520 But this was combined arms warfare 176 00:11:31,640 --> 00:11:34,480 and if the tanks got too far in front of the infantry, 177 00:11:34,600 --> 00:11:36,800 they were easily knocked out by anti-tank guns 178 00:11:36,880 --> 00:11:39,320 that are very effective at this point in the war. 179 00:11:45,120 --> 00:11:46,680 With their tank support gone, 180 00:11:46,960 --> 00:11:50,000 all three Regina Rifle companies are trapped in the open. 181 00:11:51,320 --> 00:11:53,240 The German barrage continues. 182 00:11:59,840 --> 00:12:01,800 The Canadians risk being wiped out 183 00:12:01,920 --> 00:12:04,000 before they can even leave their lines. 184 00:12:07,800 --> 00:12:10,000 July 8th, 1944. 185 00:12:11,560 --> 00:12:14,640 German artillery targets the Regina Rifles' position 186 00:12:15,040 --> 00:12:17,560 as they prepare to attack the Abbaye d'Ardenne, 187 00:12:17,840 --> 00:12:20,440 which blocks access to the French city of Caen. 188 00:12:33,400 --> 00:12:35,880 The Regina Rifles are dubbed "Farmer Johns" 189 00:12:35,960 --> 00:12:37,520 by other Canadian units 190 00:12:37,680 --> 00:12:40,000 because they come from a rural part of Canada. 191 00:12:40,720 --> 00:12:44,400 Obviously, Farmer John's is meant as a bit of a put down. 192 00:12:44,600 --> 00:12:47,520 But the John's, they seem to have shortened it, 193 00:12:47,640 --> 00:12:50,680 they got rid of the farmer part and they proudly, they embraced it. 194 00:12:55,120 --> 00:12:56,960 Pinned down due to enemy fire, 195 00:12:57,160 --> 00:13:00,560 the John's miss the jump-off time for their attack against the Abbaye. 196 00:13:01,560 --> 00:13:03,520 In the chaos and the confusion, 197 00:13:03,680 --> 00:13:05,840 units are late arriving to the front 198 00:13:06,000 --> 00:13:10,000 and in fact most of the three attacking Regina companies 199 00:13:10,360 --> 00:13:13,320 get there after the barrage has gone off. 200 00:13:13,480 --> 00:13:16,200 And so, with communications broken down, 201 00:13:16,440 --> 00:13:18,760 there's really a dire situation here. 202 00:13:19,760 --> 00:13:22,840 The Reginas are looking at attacking this fortress 203 00:13:22,960 --> 00:13:24,880 with almost no artillery support. 204 00:13:26,440 --> 00:13:28,360 The Reginas can only take cover 205 00:13:28,560 --> 00:13:30,720 and wait for the German barrage to ease. 206 00:13:42,160 --> 00:13:43,520 When it finally does, 207 00:13:43,720 --> 00:13:46,240 Acting Major Gordon Brown and his fellow officers 208 00:13:46,320 --> 00:13:47,960 hurry to organize their men. 209 00:13:52,280 --> 00:13:53,720 At 1800 hours, 210 00:13:53,960 --> 00:13:56,000 30 minutes after their jump off time, 211 00:13:56,160 --> 00:13:58,160 the Reginas commence their assault, 212 00:14:00,200 --> 00:14:02,760 with Major Eric Syme's B Company in the lead. 213 00:14:07,960 --> 00:14:10,160 The Germans have put the time to good use. 214 00:14:10,920 --> 00:14:12,200 During this pause, 215 00:14:12,400 --> 00:14:14,440 the German defenders are able to regroup 216 00:14:14,720 --> 00:14:18,000 and sight their machine guns, sight their anti-tank guns. 217 00:14:18,160 --> 00:14:22,120 And this is the worst-case scenario for any army. 218 00:14:22,800 --> 00:14:25,280 As the three Regina companies start out, 219 00:14:25,440 --> 00:14:28,040 Baker company is to advance 400 yards from the village 220 00:14:28,200 --> 00:14:29,400 and take the mound, 221 00:14:29,760 --> 00:14:31,560 the only cover in the field. 222 00:14:39,840 --> 00:14:42,880 German forces open fire on them from all directions. 223 00:14:52,600 --> 00:14:54,520 Caen is considered so critical, 224 00:14:54,760 --> 00:14:56,600 General Feldmarschall Erwin Rommel 225 00:14:56,720 --> 00:14:58,760 has assigned elite units to defend it. 226 00:14:59,640 --> 00:15:01,640 Overseeing the defense of Normandy, 227 00:15:01,760 --> 00:15:04,560 Rommel had invested heavily in the Atlantic wall. 228 00:15:05,320 --> 00:15:08,720 It is a series of bunkers, block houses, casements, 229 00:15:08,840 --> 00:15:11,880 fortified positions along the French, Belgian, 230 00:15:12,040 --> 00:15:14,680 Dutch, Danish and Norwegian coast. 231 00:15:15,800 --> 00:15:19,720 It is supposed to ward off an Allied invasion. 232 00:15:20,840 --> 00:15:23,880 Based on Rommel's experience with the Allies in North Africa, 233 00:15:25,000 --> 00:15:26,640 he knew German tanks were vulnerable 234 00:15:26,800 --> 00:15:28,480 to allied air superiority. 235 00:15:30,280 --> 00:15:33,680 Rommel believed the Allies had to be defeated on the beaches 236 00:15:33,760 --> 00:15:35,760 in the earliest hours of the invasion. 237 00:15:38,200 --> 00:15:40,640 The German failure to do so on D-Day, 238 00:15:40,840 --> 00:15:42,600 makes the fighting more desperate. 239 00:15:42,920 --> 00:15:45,120 Germans are still determined to fight, 240 00:15:45,280 --> 00:15:48,080 because they think if the Allies win the war, 241 00:15:48,200 --> 00:15:51,520 this would mean the annihilation of the German people. 242 00:15:52,880 --> 00:15:55,680 This was especially true of German military leadership, 243 00:15:55,760 --> 00:15:57,040 like Kurt Meyer, 244 00:15:57,200 --> 00:15:59,520 who commands the 12th SS Panzer Division, 245 00:15:59,640 --> 00:16:01,000 which holds the Abbaye. 246 00:16:03,080 --> 00:16:06,200 How they understand war is that it must be fought 247 00:16:06,320 --> 00:16:08,320 in the most ruthless way 248 00:16:08,520 --> 00:16:11,200 because it is a struggle for survival. 249 00:16:12,200 --> 00:16:15,200 Meyer has encountered Canadian units before. 250 00:16:15,960 --> 00:16:19,120 The Canadians and the 12th SS Hitler Youth had clashed, 251 00:16:19,280 --> 00:16:21,200 since the 7th of June. 252 00:16:21,280 --> 00:16:23,320 So, really, the second day of the fighting. 253 00:16:23,560 --> 00:16:26,160 And there had been fierce battles all over the front. 254 00:16:35,040 --> 00:16:36,640 On June 7th and 8th, 255 00:16:36,920 --> 00:16:40,520 Meyer's unit executed 18 Canadian prisoners of war 256 00:16:40,640 --> 00:16:42,160 at the Abbaye d'Ardenne, 257 00:16:42,360 --> 00:16:45,120 in flagrant violation of the Geneva convention. 258 00:16:46,280 --> 00:16:49,800 For people like Meyer or for SS officers, 259 00:16:50,200 --> 00:16:51,960 it's all or nothing. 260 00:16:52,360 --> 00:16:55,840 And there is no way of compromising with the enemy, 261 00:16:55,920 --> 00:16:58,160 so it's only victory or death. 262 00:17:06,960 --> 00:17:09,400 Now, the 12th SS Hitlerjugend 263 00:17:09,560 --> 00:17:12,400 believed that if they are captured or surrender to the Canadians, 264 00:17:12,640 --> 00:17:15,080 they will be executed in retaliation. 265 00:17:17,960 --> 00:17:19,960 And so, the Canadians and the 12th SS 266 00:17:20,080 --> 00:17:22,760 have a very vicious, personal war. 267 00:17:30,280 --> 00:17:32,920 Regina Rifles B Company still leads the advance 268 00:17:33,040 --> 00:17:36,480 towards the German occupied mound partway across the field. 269 00:17:39,040 --> 00:17:40,720 Faced with heavy gunfire, 270 00:17:40,920 --> 00:17:43,760 B Company must run or crawl, in short bursts, 271 00:17:43,840 --> 00:17:45,240 to avoid being hit. 272 00:17:46,960 --> 00:17:49,760 The Germans open up with mortar fire, machine gun fire, 273 00:17:49,880 --> 00:17:50,960 sniper fire. 274 00:17:51,160 --> 00:17:53,760 And the Regina Rifles are being picked off one by one. 275 00:18:12,560 --> 00:18:14,400 As they inch their way forward, 276 00:18:14,560 --> 00:18:16,600 the company suffers heavy casualties. 277 00:18:17,320 --> 00:18:19,480 There's no easy way to take out machine guns. 278 00:18:19,560 --> 00:18:22,360 Machine guns firing 500 bullets a minute, 279 00:18:22,440 --> 00:18:24,160 firing on an arc. 280 00:18:25,120 --> 00:18:28,720 You have to sacrifice soldiers to take that out. 281 00:18:32,720 --> 00:18:35,120 They have no choice but to keep moving. 282 00:18:39,280 --> 00:18:41,440 Three companies of the Regina Rifles 283 00:18:41,640 --> 00:18:44,000 commence an assault against the Abbaye d'Ardenne. 284 00:18:46,640 --> 00:18:49,480 Across more than 1100 yards of open field, 285 00:18:49,720 --> 00:18:51,320 without tank support, 286 00:18:51,480 --> 00:18:54,480 and one half hour after their artillery barrage lifts. 287 00:18:58,080 --> 00:18:59,880 B Company leads the way. 288 00:19:01,080 --> 00:19:03,040 Baker Company advances slowly 289 00:19:03,200 --> 00:19:05,160 and using whatever cover is available. 290 00:19:05,360 --> 00:19:06,640 But there's not a lot of cover. 291 00:19:06,720 --> 00:19:09,720 So, this means you got to stay low. You got to stay in the grass. 292 00:19:09,800 --> 00:19:13,560 You got to try to stay out of sight of any sort of German sniper, 293 00:19:13,680 --> 00:19:16,080 German artillery, or German machine gun. 294 00:19:16,160 --> 00:19:19,800 So, it is a very slow process and it causes significant casualties 295 00:19:19,880 --> 00:19:22,480 because every time they pop up, they get shot. 296 00:19:23,000 --> 00:19:24,760 As the casualties mount, 297 00:19:24,920 --> 00:19:27,320 weeks of strain also take their toll. 298 00:19:28,840 --> 00:19:31,800 The Regina Rifles were very weak at this point. 299 00:19:31,880 --> 00:19:33,600 They had lost a lot of soldiers 300 00:19:33,680 --> 00:19:35,760 in the fighting in the first month of Normandy. 301 00:19:45,880 --> 00:19:48,000 As frontline troops at the sharp end, 302 00:19:48,160 --> 00:19:51,840 they get very little sleep and endure unimaginable stress. 303 00:19:53,240 --> 00:19:55,520 There's no question that the lack of sleep 304 00:19:55,920 --> 00:19:57,800 and the continual engagement with the enemy 305 00:19:57,920 --> 00:20:00,080 that just combined will wear anyone down. 306 00:20:00,760 --> 00:20:04,000 It has been four weeks of constant combat. 307 00:20:05,360 --> 00:20:07,840 So as these soldiers are engaged with the German enemy, 308 00:20:07,960 --> 00:20:09,320 as they're approaching the Abbey, 309 00:20:09,440 --> 00:20:11,040 there are soldiers that are breaking down, 310 00:20:11,160 --> 00:20:12,440 there are soldiers that are crying, 311 00:20:12,560 --> 00:20:14,920 there are soldiers that are catatonic and can't even move. 312 00:20:15,480 --> 00:20:17,840 This now includes Baker Company's commander, 313 00:20:18,000 --> 00:20:19,360 Major Syme, 314 00:20:19,600 --> 00:20:22,480 who succumbs to what is called battle exhaustion. 315 00:20:25,640 --> 00:20:27,640 Major! Major! 316 00:20:29,000 --> 00:20:30,400 I need a medic! 317 00:20:32,120 --> 00:20:33,640 Though the Canadian division 318 00:20:33,840 --> 00:20:36,600 had undertaken psychiatric screening prior to deployment, 319 00:20:38,520 --> 00:20:41,600 conditions like battle exhaustion or battle fatigue 320 00:20:41,800 --> 00:20:44,200 prove unpredictable and claim many soldiers. 321 00:20:48,120 --> 00:20:50,360 By late July 1944, 322 00:20:50,640 --> 00:20:53,320 battle fatigue makes up 25 percent 323 00:20:53,520 --> 00:20:56,320 of all non-fatal casualties to the Allies. 324 00:21:00,240 --> 00:21:03,120 After D-Day, the British and Canadian army group 325 00:21:03,240 --> 00:21:06,440 established front-line centers to treat battle exhaustion. 326 00:21:08,400 --> 00:21:11,680 Therapy is simple: sedation and sleep. 327 00:21:12,520 --> 00:21:15,560 You want to treat them quickly, you want to treat them effectively 328 00:21:15,800 --> 00:21:17,200 and then you want them back in the front line. 329 00:21:25,680 --> 00:21:27,920 As Major Syme is carried from the field, 330 00:21:28,480 --> 00:21:31,800 the remainder of B Company continues to press to the mound. 331 00:21:34,480 --> 00:21:36,560 As they are making those hard yards, 332 00:21:36,800 --> 00:21:38,760 riflemen would lay down fire, 333 00:21:38,920 --> 00:21:42,160 Bren machine gunners would lay down heavier fire. 334 00:21:49,400 --> 00:21:51,360 The way they knocked out those machine guns 335 00:21:51,560 --> 00:21:53,440 was to use grenades for the most part. 336 00:21:53,600 --> 00:21:55,440 And those grenades explode 337 00:21:55,600 --> 00:21:57,080 and they send shrapnel, of course, 338 00:21:57,240 --> 00:22:00,080 and that's how, ultimately, they knock out the mound. 339 00:22:15,720 --> 00:22:18,800 The Germans are forced to retreat back towards the Abbaye. 340 00:22:33,000 --> 00:22:36,160 To achieve the objective, Baker Company is gutted. 341 00:22:36,840 --> 00:22:39,720 61 out of 100 men become casualties. 342 00:22:50,960 --> 00:22:53,320 With the mound finally in Canadian hands, 343 00:22:53,480 --> 00:22:57,160 C Company and D Company now continue the advance 344 00:22:57,360 --> 00:22:59,520 and pass through the remains of B Company. 345 00:22:59,760 --> 00:23:00,960 From that position, 346 00:23:01,200 --> 00:23:02,720 Baker Company can then provide covering fire 347 00:23:02,840 --> 00:23:04,040 for the other two companies. 348 00:23:04,160 --> 00:23:06,400 You have Dog Company on the left, Charlie Company on the right. 349 00:23:06,560 --> 00:23:09,440 And Baker Company will provide very important covering fire, 350 00:23:09,560 --> 00:23:12,120 which will allow the other troops to move up slowly. 351 00:23:12,320 --> 00:23:15,160 So, the idea simply here is what we call fire and movement. 352 00:23:15,400 --> 00:23:17,920 Someone's shooting. Someone's moving. 353 00:23:23,720 --> 00:23:26,360 To prevent his men from meeting B Company's fate, 354 00:23:27,040 --> 00:23:30,200 Major Stu Tubb, the commander of C Company, 355 00:23:30,400 --> 00:23:33,800 orders high explosive mortars against the Abbaye complex. 356 00:23:36,760 --> 00:23:38,160 He hopes the distraction 357 00:23:38,280 --> 00:23:40,440 will provide his men much needed coverage. 358 00:23:42,280 --> 00:23:43,840 But Tubb receives word 359 00:23:44,000 --> 00:23:47,000 that the Reginas have no high explosive mortars available, 360 00:23:47,160 --> 00:23:49,080 and he is offered smoke instead. 361 00:23:54,480 --> 00:23:57,360 This works for a while, until the wind comes up. 362 00:23:58,920 --> 00:24:00,240 They're now wide open 363 00:24:00,440 --> 00:24:02,480 and exposed completely to German fire. 364 00:24:02,880 --> 00:24:04,080 All hell breaks loose. 365 00:24:20,160 --> 00:24:22,080 Facing heavy enemy fire, 366 00:24:22,280 --> 00:24:25,240 C and D companies of the Canadian Regina Rifles 367 00:24:25,360 --> 00:24:27,320 must attack the Abbaye d'Ardenne 368 00:24:27,600 --> 00:24:30,160 across 700 yards of open field. 369 00:24:30,440 --> 00:24:31,800 They have just learned 370 00:24:31,920 --> 00:24:34,040 that they've run out of high explosive mortars 371 00:24:34,160 --> 00:24:36,000 to subdue the German counter fire. 372 00:24:37,160 --> 00:24:40,520 Such shortages have proved a problem across the allied front. 373 00:24:45,880 --> 00:24:47,480 Just three weeks before, 374 00:24:47,640 --> 00:24:49,840 a major storm struck the Normandy coast. 375 00:24:51,160 --> 00:24:53,600 Eight hundred ships and vessels were stranded, 376 00:24:53,720 --> 00:24:55,920 damaged or destroyed on June 19th, 377 00:24:56,120 --> 00:24:58,120 to further cripple allied supply lines, 378 00:24:58,200 --> 00:25:00,760 already hindered by a lack of a deep-water port. 379 00:25:01,480 --> 00:25:03,680 All units were having to make do. 380 00:25:08,640 --> 00:25:10,840 Advancing in the open would be suicidal. 381 00:25:11,240 --> 00:25:14,080 So, the Reginas fire smoke to cover their advance. 382 00:25:15,720 --> 00:25:16,880 Once more, 383 00:25:17,120 --> 00:25:19,040 Acting Major Gordon Brown and D Company 384 00:25:19,240 --> 00:25:20,960 press forward on the left flank. 385 00:25:25,160 --> 00:25:28,080 But with the men still 500 yards short of the Abbaye, 386 00:25:28,920 --> 00:25:30,320 wind clears the smoke. 387 00:25:32,880 --> 00:25:34,680 With the companies now exposed... 388 00:25:36,560 --> 00:25:38,320 ...the Germans have clear shots. 389 00:25:52,560 --> 00:25:53,680 In the chaos, 390 00:25:53,880 --> 00:25:57,080 C Company's 13th platoon stumbles into a minefield. 391 00:26:07,280 --> 00:26:08,840 You don't know where to step, 392 00:26:09,040 --> 00:26:10,880 and they are set up for a number of reasons. 393 00:26:11,000 --> 00:26:12,760 One is to cause casualties, of course. 394 00:26:12,880 --> 00:26:14,880 But secondly to slow an advance. 395 00:26:17,040 --> 00:26:19,440 The minefield creates a shooting gallery. 396 00:26:19,920 --> 00:26:22,320 Riflemen and snipers and machine gunners 397 00:26:22,440 --> 00:26:25,440 will turn upon those isolated soldiers 398 00:26:25,520 --> 00:26:28,880 who are stuck in the middle, unsure of where is safe. 399 00:26:32,520 --> 00:26:34,080 As their losses mount, 400 00:26:34,280 --> 00:26:37,480 Major Stu Tubb enters the minefield to help extract his men. 401 00:26:41,120 --> 00:26:43,640 Tubb falls to German machine gun fire. 402 00:26:46,400 --> 00:26:48,800 His second-in-command moves forward to help, 403 00:26:49,760 --> 00:26:50,960 and is killed. 404 00:26:53,720 --> 00:26:56,760 C Company's third in command is wounded moments later. 405 00:26:58,040 --> 00:26:59,840 Wiping out the enemy's leadership 406 00:27:00,000 --> 00:27:02,040 is a time honored military strategy. 407 00:27:02,360 --> 00:27:05,600 And that is a technique that the Allies and the Germans use, 408 00:27:05,680 --> 00:27:07,920 that snipers would aim for those NCOs 409 00:27:08,120 --> 00:27:10,520 or those lieutenants or those captains 410 00:27:10,680 --> 00:27:14,680 to try to, in effect, decapitate the unit. 411 00:27:25,400 --> 00:27:28,760 Without leadership, C Company retreats to the mound. 412 00:27:30,120 --> 00:27:33,120 They have lost 85 out of 106 men. 413 00:27:35,680 --> 00:27:38,360 General Bernard Montgomery's stated goal at Caen 414 00:27:38,440 --> 00:27:41,360 was to draw in German troops to kill, wound or capture 415 00:27:41,440 --> 00:27:43,000 as many as possible. 416 00:27:43,280 --> 00:27:44,640 A war of attrition. 417 00:27:45,360 --> 00:27:49,360 But the campaign to capture Caen proves costly to everyone involved. 418 00:27:52,080 --> 00:27:54,920 Allied aerial bombing to support Operation Charnwood 419 00:27:55,280 --> 00:27:57,680 began the night before, on July 7th. 420 00:28:00,920 --> 00:28:03,160 More than 460 aircraft 421 00:28:03,320 --> 00:28:05,440 dropped 6000 bombs on the city. 422 00:28:08,840 --> 00:28:11,720 While the bombing improved the morale of allied soldiers... 423 00:28:14,000 --> 00:28:16,920 ...the strategic impact on German troops was minimal. 424 00:28:17,200 --> 00:28:20,360 The rubble created hinders the allied advance 425 00:28:20,440 --> 00:28:22,520 and retreat by German forces. 426 00:28:24,200 --> 00:28:27,520 It also has got an impact on French civilian population, 427 00:28:27,760 --> 00:28:30,320 because French civilians perished 428 00:28:30,480 --> 00:28:33,040 and this had a negative influence 429 00:28:33,200 --> 00:28:36,040 on the attitude of the French population towards the Allies. 430 00:28:40,840 --> 00:28:43,240 Now, to the northwest of the city, 431 00:28:43,360 --> 00:28:46,360 the remaining 15 able-bodied members of C Company 432 00:28:46,480 --> 00:28:47,960 retreat to Authie 433 00:28:48,200 --> 00:28:50,360 to bring back stretchers for their wounded. 434 00:28:59,240 --> 00:29:01,360 Almost three hours after commencing their attack 435 00:29:01,480 --> 00:29:02,840 on the Abbaye d'Ardenne, 436 00:29:03,440 --> 00:29:05,400 Gordon Brown's D Company 437 00:29:05,560 --> 00:29:08,080 remain the only Regina Rifles left in the fight. 438 00:29:13,840 --> 00:29:16,360 Still hundreds of yards from their objective, 439 00:29:17,760 --> 00:29:20,680 the covering smoke has also just cleared on their position 440 00:29:20,800 --> 00:29:23,600 and leaves them dangerously exposed to enemy fire. 441 00:29:27,040 --> 00:29:30,280 The 12th SS quickly pin down Brown and his men again. 442 00:29:37,320 --> 00:29:39,120 Several of the Reginas are hit. 443 00:29:47,520 --> 00:29:49,360 To limit the company's casualties, 444 00:29:49,480 --> 00:29:52,080 Brown and his men push forward in short bursts, 445 00:29:52,360 --> 00:29:54,720 often gaining just a few feet at a time. 446 00:30:01,240 --> 00:30:03,840 German troops at the Abbaye have the ideal weapon 447 00:30:04,000 --> 00:30:06,280 to prevent Brown from achieving his objective. 448 00:30:08,880 --> 00:30:10,440 The MG-42 449 00:30:10,680 --> 00:30:13,200 is arguably the best machine gun of World War II. 450 00:30:15,040 --> 00:30:16,880 At 1200 rounds per minute, 451 00:30:17,040 --> 00:30:20,840 its rate of fire outpaces comparable allied machine guns. 452 00:30:22,760 --> 00:30:25,240 Light, reliable and easy to deploy, 453 00:30:25,560 --> 00:30:29,320 the MG-42 has a range of nearly 1,100 yards. 454 00:30:38,120 --> 00:30:40,000 To avoid the German machine guns, 455 00:30:40,160 --> 00:30:42,280 D Company's number 16 platoon 456 00:30:42,480 --> 00:30:44,760 makes a flanking move to the left of the Abbaye. 457 00:30:50,000 --> 00:30:53,000 The remaining Regina Rifles continue their frontal assault. 458 00:30:57,920 --> 00:30:59,560 But at 2100 hours, 459 00:30:59,840 --> 00:31:02,560 his runner reports to Acting Major Gordon Brown 460 00:31:02,800 --> 00:31:05,840 that number 16 platoon has vanished. 461 00:31:10,720 --> 00:31:12,680 July 8th, 1944. 462 00:31:13,520 --> 00:31:15,080 As darkness falls, 463 00:31:15,200 --> 00:31:18,520 the Regina Rifles continue their assault on the Abbaye d'Ardenne. 464 00:31:19,400 --> 00:31:23,160 A fortified position that controls access to the French city of Caen. 465 00:31:24,720 --> 00:31:27,000 With reports that some of his men are missing 466 00:31:27,160 --> 00:31:29,720 and knowing he needs them all to seize the Abbaye, 467 00:31:32,960 --> 00:31:36,520 Acting Major Gordon Brown goes in search of his 16th platoon. 468 00:31:39,000 --> 00:31:42,560 Searching the battlefield, he makes a disturbing discovery. 469 00:31:44,040 --> 00:31:47,080 And he stumbles into a small ditch area, 470 00:31:47,160 --> 00:31:48,960 which is a scene of a nightmare. 471 00:31:49,160 --> 00:31:53,160 There are wounded soldiers bleeding, dying, crying out, 472 00:31:53,520 --> 00:31:56,000 and he thinks that's his lost platoon. It's not. 473 00:31:56,080 --> 00:31:57,800 It's a group of the Can Scots, 474 00:31:58,000 --> 00:32:00,680 who have stumbled into the battle somehow, 475 00:32:00,840 --> 00:32:03,320 and there are many wounded there. 476 00:32:05,520 --> 00:32:06,920 Brown tries to help. 477 00:32:07,160 --> 00:32:09,560 He bandages some of the more seriously wounded. 478 00:32:10,680 --> 00:32:12,080 And he's not sure what to do, 479 00:32:12,240 --> 00:32:14,680 of course human instinct is to care for them, 480 00:32:14,840 --> 00:32:17,600 but that's not the role of a company commander. 481 00:32:17,680 --> 00:32:20,760 And so, he rightly gives them his water. 482 00:32:22,680 --> 00:32:24,280 He must have been parched. 483 00:32:26,400 --> 00:32:28,120 Unable to do any more for them... 484 00:32:29,960 --> 00:32:32,640 ...Brown turns back to rejoin the rest of his company. 485 00:32:34,840 --> 00:32:36,920 He did the right thing. He did what he had to do. 486 00:32:37,040 --> 00:32:38,440 He did what a soldier had to do, 487 00:32:38,640 --> 00:32:41,240 was to keep pushing on to the final objective. 488 00:32:45,360 --> 00:32:46,680 When he returns, 489 00:32:47,080 --> 00:32:49,680 Brown finds D Company in the thick of battle. 490 00:32:52,000 --> 00:32:55,120 D Company is spread out over the battlefield. 491 00:32:55,320 --> 00:32:57,200 They're facing a stone fortress, 492 00:32:57,280 --> 00:32:59,920 the Germans are firing at them non-stop. 493 00:33:01,480 --> 00:33:04,080 I'm amazed at how they could have pushed their way forward. 494 00:33:06,000 --> 00:33:08,520 They make a daring charge for the Abbaye walls. 495 00:33:13,840 --> 00:33:17,080 They do call in some smoke, and the smoke is quite effective. 496 00:33:17,200 --> 00:33:21,080 It obscures the front for precious minutes. 497 00:33:25,800 --> 00:33:28,200 The men shoot and throw grenades on the run. 498 00:33:44,840 --> 00:33:46,720 Their bold initiative pays off. 499 00:33:49,000 --> 00:33:50,600 At 2200 hours, 500 00:33:50,720 --> 00:33:53,200 D Company reaches the Abbaye walls. 501 00:33:57,520 --> 00:33:59,560 With the Regina Rifles closing in, 502 00:33:59,960 --> 00:34:03,280 Colonel Kurt Meyer has made plans to protect his fighting strength 503 00:34:03,440 --> 00:34:05,440 and asks for permission to retreat. 504 00:34:08,280 --> 00:34:11,680 He gets the answer, no. There is no way to retreat. 505 00:34:12,040 --> 00:34:13,720 The reason for that, 506 00:34:13,920 --> 00:34:16,760 in the mindset of the German leadership, 507 00:34:16,840 --> 00:34:19,240 is where does our retreat end? 508 00:34:21,760 --> 00:34:23,600 But Meyer withdraws anyway. 509 00:34:24,520 --> 00:34:27,320 He would later claim that he knew Caen could not be held. 510 00:34:28,080 --> 00:34:30,880 Hitler's order to hold the city to the last bullet 511 00:34:31,000 --> 00:34:34,360 would mean the needless and futile sacrifice of his men. 512 00:34:34,840 --> 00:34:37,560 Thus, the desperate fighting on July 8th 513 00:34:37,760 --> 00:34:41,040 was to bide time for the evacuation of Meyer's wounded soldiers 514 00:34:41,120 --> 00:34:42,920 under the cover of darkness. 515 00:34:43,280 --> 00:34:46,200 They devise a plan to delay the capture of the Abbaye, 516 00:34:46,320 --> 00:34:49,160 and make it as costly as possible for the Canadians. 517 00:34:58,240 --> 00:35:00,320 The Regina Rifles encounter the German soldiers 518 00:35:00,520 --> 00:35:02,040 left to cover the withdrawal. 519 00:35:08,680 --> 00:35:10,720 They launch one final assault 520 00:35:10,840 --> 00:35:14,280 and they find a way through and around those walls 521 00:35:14,520 --> 00:35:16,080 and drive the Germans out. 522 00:35:21,520 --> 00:35:24,640 Some of the Canadians begin to push into the Abbaye courtyard. 523 00:35:26,200 --> 00:35:27,760 Captain Brown calls the soldiers back 524 00:35:27,920 --> 00:35:30,040 and he tells them to dig in outside of the walls. 525 00:35:30,920 --> 00:35:33,000 Having fought the Germans for a month now, 526 00:35:33,160 --> 00:35:35,080 Brown knows they are not safe yet. 527 00:35:36,040 --> 00:35:38,600 The Germans will have pre-ranged their guns. 528 00:35:40,200 --> 00:35:42,280 One of the nice things about occupying a position 529 00:35:42,440 --> 00:35:43,560 when you're on the defense 530 00:35:43,640 --> 00:35:45,480 is you have it perfectly placed on your map, 531 00:35:45,640 --> 00:35:48,240 which means your artillery knows exactly where to hit it. 532 00:35:51,600 --> 00:35:54,080 Learning that allied troops have reached the walls, 533 00:35:54,480 --> 00:35:57,600 Meyer orders an artillery barrage against the Abbaye. 534 00:36:02,560 --> 00:36:06,200 Brown's shrewd orders prevent further casualties amongst his men. 535 00:36:10,760 --> 00:36:13,400 But they have yet to completely achieve their objective: 536 00:36:13,520 --> 00:36:15,640 to occupy the Abbaye itself. 537 00:36:24,880 --> 00:36:28,280 Heavy German shelling prevents acting Major Gordon Brown 538 00:36:28,360 --> 00:36:30,640 and the rest of the Regina Rifles' D Company 539 00:36:30,760 --> 00:36:33,000 from fully capturing the Abbaye d'Ardenne. 540 00:36:42,000 --> 00:36:43,880 As the men endure the barrage, 541 00:36:44,000 --> 00:36:46,160 their lost platoon finally reappears. 542 00:36:51,080 --> 00:36:54,400 During their absence, 16th platoon has been busy. 543 00:36:56,640 --> 00:36:59,880 16th Platoon is able to achieve something pretty remarkable. 544 00:37:08,560 --> 00:37:11,240 They have knocked out a battery of German 88 guns. 545 00:37:12,960 --> 00:37:15,440 This means that any Sherman tanks coming up behind them 546 00:37:15,600 --> 00:37:18,040 are now free to move in the open countryside. 547 00:37:22,520 --> 00:37:24,000 The platoon's reappearance 548 00:37:24,240 --> 00:37:26,480 brings the company's strength to 70 soldiers. 549 00:37:27,160 --> 00:37:29,360 But Brown knows he needs more men, 550 00:37:29,440 --> 00:37:32,160 if he's going to take and hold the Abbaye. 551 00:37:32,680 --> 00:37:35,440 They've fought for five and a half hours. 552 00:37:35,560 --> 00:37:39,080 They've lost about 200 soldiers killed and wounded. 553 00:37:39,320 --> 00:37:42,080 Many of them left strewn over the battlefield. 554 00:37:42,160 --> 00:37:45,360 And now in the dark, crying out for help. 555 00:37:45,640 --> 00:37:48,360 But there's no communication from front to rear. 556 00:37:50,000 --> 00:37:51,680 There's no wireless. There's no telephones. 557 00:37:52,760 --> 00:37:54,560 Brown and a lieutenant 558 00:37:54,680 --> 00:37:56,640 return to the village of Authie on foot 559 00:37:56,800 --> 00:37:58,360 to request reinforcements 560 00:37:58,520 --> 00:38:00,520 and inform headquarters of their progress. 561 00:38:10,400 --> 00:38:11,520 But on their way, 562 00:38:11,720 --> 00:38:13,960 the two men are caught in a sustained mortar attack. 563 00:38:23,560 --> 00:38:25,720 They endure the 80-round bombardment. 564 00:38:27,640 --> 00:38:30,800 The shelling is another phase of Colonel Kurt Meyer's plan 565 00:38:30,960 --> 00:38:34,000 to cover the German retreat of the 12th SS from Caen. 566 00:38:36,080 --> 00:38:38,080 Meyer's withdrawal proves sensible 567 00:38:38,280 --> 00:38:40,040 to protect the unit's fighting strength. 568 00:38:43,040 --> 00:38:44,720 By the second week of July, 569 00:38:44,920 --> 00:38:47,040 German battle casualties in Western Europe 570 00:38:47,200 --> 00:38:49,440 totaled more than 100,000 men. 571 00:38:50,800 --> 00:38:52,680 Yet German command had managed to replace 572 00:38:52,760 --> 00:38:55,360 only nine percent of their manpower losses. 573 00:38:58,480 --> 00:38:59,840 Late into the night, 574 00:39:00,040 --> 00:39:02,880 Brown returns to the Abbaye walls with reinforcements, 575 00:39:03,080 --> 00:39:05,360 the Regina Rifle's A Company, 576 00:39:05,480 --> 00:39:07,240 which had been held in reserve. 577 00:39:20,920 --> 00:39:23,080 In the early morning hours of July 9th, 578 00:39:23,600 --> 00:39:25,240 the German shelling stops. 579 00:39:29,840 --> 00:39:31,080 It's an eerie calm. 580 00:39:31,920 --> 00:39:33,800 I couldn't imagine what it'd be like to look around 581 00:39:34,040 --> 00:39:36,440 and not hear bullets whizzing by your face 582 00:39:36,640 --> 00:39:38,960 and not hear artillery rounds exploding around you. 583 00:39:39,240 --> 00:39:41,240 And suddenly realize that for a brief period, 584 00:39:41,480 --> 00:39:43,640 there's some calm. You've done it. 585 00:39:53,480 --> 00:39:54,680 At first light, 586 00:39:54,840 --> 00:39:56,960 the Regina Rifles A and D Companies 587 00:39:57,200 --> 00:39:59,400 advance cautiously into the courtyard. 588 00:40:03,440 --> 00:40:05,360 So, when Meyer retreats, 589 00:40:05,560 --> 00:40:09,280 he tries to delay the enemy's advance by leaving snipers. 590 00:40:09,800 --> 00:40:11,960 This gives his own troops time 591 00:40:12,160 --> 00:40:14,120 to withdraw in good order. 592 00:40:15,040 --> 00:40:17,360 With snipers and booby traps, 593 00:40:17,880 --> 00:40:20,680 the enemy doesn't feel secure. 594 00:40:20,920 --> 00:40:23,120 He doesn't know where the enemy is, where he's coming from, 595 00:40:23,280 --> 00:40:25,720 so he must be very cautious when he advances. 596 00:40:28,880 --> 00:40:30,600 It takes them until mid-afternoon 597 00:40:30,720 --> 00:40:32,800 to clear the Abbaye of German snipers. 598 00:40:49,240 --> 00:40:52,880 Inside the Abbaye, they discover the headquarters in the cellar. 599 00:41:14,640 --> 00:41:17,360 Brown, who himself is beyond exhaustion, 600 00:41:17,480 --> 00:41:21,480 he later talks about almost being delirious, hallucinating. 601 00:41:32,520 --> 00:41:35,000 An exhausted Gordon Brown pours a drink... 602 00:41:37,760 --> 00:41:39,160 ...climbs into the bed... 603 00:41:41,040 --> 00:41:42,280 ...and falls asleep. 604 00:41:56,880 --> 00:41:59,200 The western half of Caen to the Orne River 605 00:41:59,760 --> 00:42:02,400 would fall to the Allies by the end of July 9th. 606 00:42:06,120 --> 00:42:08,080 During Operation Charnwood, 607 00:42:08,240 --> 00:42:11,600 the Regina Rifles suffer 216 casualties, 608 00:42:12,000 --> 00:42:14,280 including 36 men killed. 609 00:42:15,640 --> 00:42:17,760 In terms of the casualties on that day, 610 00:42:18,000 --> 00:42:20,000 something like 50 percent 611 00:42:20,200 --> 00:42:23,560 of the combat soldiers were killed, wounded or taken prisoner. 612 00:42:23,880 --> 00:42:25,440 The casualties were so severe 613 00:42:25,640 --> 00:42:27,680 for Charlie company and Baker company 614 00:42:27,880 --> 00:42:30,400 that after this combat on the 8th and 9th of July, 615 00:42:30,560 --> 00:42:31,920 they were non-operational. 616 00:42:34,240 --> 00:42:36,640 French civilians are also deeply affected. 617 00:42:37,280 --> 00:42:40,440 Up to 75 percent of Caen lay in ruins 618 00:42:40,640 --> 00:42:42,200 and hundreds were killed. 619 00:42:49,080 --> 00:42:50,240 After the war, 620 00:42:50,440 --> 00:42:53,040 Colonel Kurt Meyer faces trial for war crimes 621 00:42:53,240 --> 00:42:56,280 for his part in the execution of Canadian prisoners of war 622 00:42:56,360 --> 00:42:57,920 at the Abbaye d'Ardenne. 623 00:42:59,880 --> 00:43:03,880 Meyer would be sentenced to death, later commuted to life imprisonment. 624 00:43:06,160 --> 00:43:08,680 He serves nine years before being released. 625 00:43:10,600 --> 00:43:12,520 The two Canadian company commanders, 626 00:43:12,680 --> 00:43:14,520 Majors Stuart Tubb and Eric Symes, 627 00:43:14,720 --> 00:43:16,360 recover and survive the war. 628 00:43:18,080 --> 00:43:21,000 Major Tubb is later awarded the distinguished service order 629 00:43:21,080 --> 00:43:24,000 for his leadership and coolness in the face of enemy fire. 630 00:43:25,560 --> 00:43:28,440 Gordon Brown continues to serve throughout the war, 631 00:43:29,600 --> 00:43:31,640 and would earn the distinguished service order 632 00:43:31,760 --> 00:43:34,400 for personal valor and devotion to duty. 633 00:43:36,160 --> 00:43:38,040 While ultimately successful, 634 00:43:38,240 --> 00:43:39,720 the capture of Caen 635 00:43:39,880 --> 00:43:41,360 confirms that allied gains could be slow 636 00:43:41,560 --> 00:43:43,640 and sometimes measured only in yards. 637 00:43:44,360 --> 00:43:46,160 It is clear to the Allies 638 00:43:46,360 --> 00:43:49,280 the road to Berlin is not a simple walkover. 639 00:43:49,440 --> 00:43:52,400 It will be a costly and bloody campaign. 640 00:43:54,200 --> 00:43:55,680 And the war in Europe 641 00:43:55,800 --> 00:43:58,520 would continue for another ten months. 51311

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