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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:39,201 --> 00:00:40,841 Australia - 2 00:00:40,961 --> 00:00:42,681 an island continent 3 00:00:42,801 --> 00:00:47,361 cast adrift during the time of the dinosaurs. 4 00:01:06,761 --> 00:01:12,201 Isolated from the rest of life on land for millions of years, 5 00:01:12,321 --> 00:01:18,201 the animals cast away here are today like none elsewhere. 6 00:01:21,481 --> 00:01:24,961 This is a land of survivors. 7 00:01:52,441 --> 00:01:57,601 The jungles of northern Australia - the oldest on our planet. 8 00:02:00,201 --> 00:02:04,401 Unchanged for 180 million years. 9 00:02:07,641 --> 00:02:11,281 The animals and plants here are armed... 10 00:02:13,841 --> 00:02:16,841 ...built to live alongside dinosaurs. 11 00:02:20,041 --> 00:02:23,801 Now there is just one giant left. 12 00:02:28,481 --> 00:02:32,841 With claws longer than a velociraptor and nearly two metres tall... 13 00:02:34,041 --> 00:02:37,161 ...the cassowary rules this forest. 14 00:02:47,121 --> 00:02:50,321 But the key to its success is not its stature... 15 00:02:54,041 --> 00:02:58,081 ...it's the male's abilities as a parent. 16 00:03:00,321 --> 00:03:03,841 This one's chicks are six weeks old, 17 00:03:03,961 --> 00:03:07,241 and he will raise them by himself. 18 00:03:13,881 --> 00:03:16,201 Every morsel of food is valuable 19 00:03:16,321 --> 00:03:19,561 if his chicks are to grow up tall and strong. 20 00:03:24,721 --> 00:03:26,601 But in this forest, 21 00:03:26,721 --> 00:03:29,641 most of the fruit is too big for the chicks. 22 00:03:35,201 --> 00:03:36,881 It must be cut up for them. 23 00:03:48,161 --> 00:03:51,561 There is food to be gathered throughout their territory... 24 00:03:52,881 --> 00:03:56,001 ...but it's not easy to find. 25 00:04:03,681 --> 00:04:06,441 Re shows them how to cross water. 26 00:04:08,881 --> 00:04:12,721 But when your legs are only 20cm long, 27 00:04:12,841 --> 00:04:15,761 a stream like this is very deep. 28 00:04:20,681 --> 00:04:23,121 One takes the plunge... 29 00:04:25,681 --> 00:04:28,961 ...but for the other, this is too daunting. 30 00:04:33,641 --> 00:04:37,961 Re turns and goes back the way he came. 31 00:04:39,161 --> 00:04:42,561 Out of sight and without his father's protection, 32 00:04:42,681 --> 00:04:44,561 he's vulnerable. 33 00:04:49,441 --> 00:04:54,441 Only half of cassowary chicks make it to adulthood... 34 00:04:55,721 --> 00:04:57,561 ...and for very good reason. 35 00:05:03,161 --> 00:05:08,081 Australia's prehistoric forests are still full of predators. 36 00:05:19,681 --> 00:05:21,961 Many manage to survive here 37 00:05:22,081 --> 00:05:26,481 by eating almost anything that's smaller than they are. 38 00:05:27,721 --> 00:05:29,801 Re needs to find his father... 39 00:05:29,921 --> 00:05:31,201 ...and quickly. 40 00:05:48,681 --> 00:05:51,961 The male hears his cries and answers... 41 00:05:53,361 --> 00:05:58,921 ...using a special call that carries well through the thick forest. 42 00:06:07,321 --> 00:06:12,641 And then a glimpse of some reassuring bright colours. 43 00:06:35,641 --> 00:06:38,801 Their bonds are stronger than their fears. 44 00:06:46,041 --> 00:06:51,121 The male will guide and protect his chicks for another eight months 45 00:06:51,241 --> 00:06:52,761 before he mates again. 46 00:07:02,841 --> 00:07:08,481 Australia was once part of the vast supercontinent of Gondwanaland... 47 00:07:08,601 --> 00:07:12,041 ...covered in forest and full of life. 48 00:07:13,481 --> 00:07:15,481 Dinosaurs dominated. 49 00:07:15,601 --> 00:07:18,161 Mammals had only just appeared. 50 00:07:19,881 --> 00:07:23,281 Then Australia began to break away. 51 00:07:24,721 --> 00:07:30,201 Cast adrift on this new island were reptiles, birds and early mammals 52 00:07:30,321 --> 00:07:34,161 that then evolved in isolation from the rest of the world. 53 00:07:35,361 --> 00:07:37,721 None could now leave this giant island, 54 00:07:37,841 --> 00:07:39,721 and very few could get here... 55 00:07:41,321 --> 00:07:42,881 ...unless they could fly. 56 00:07:47,881 --> 00:07:49,961 A little red flying fox. 57 00:07:53,041 --> 00:07:55,841 Their ancestors flew here, 58 00:07:55,961 --> 00:07:58,721 travelling along the chain of volcanic islands 59 00:07:58,841 --> 00:08:00,801 that links Asia to Australia. 60 00:08:04,001 --> 00:08:09,521 But their huge wings, which stretch from their fingers to their toes, 61 00:08:09,641 --> 00:08:13,801 make it difficult for them to walk or take off from the ground, 62 00:08:13,921 --> 00:08:19,721 so, when they want to rest, they hang upside down in trees. 63 00:08:42,961 --> 00:08:46,441 But the bats have to drink every day. 64 00:08:48,921 --> 00:08:51,601 And they do so on the wing. 65 00:09:03,521 --> 00:09:06,601 They swoop just low enough to wet their bellies 66 00:09:06,721 --> 00:09:10,761 and then, back in their roosts, they will suck out the water. 67 00:09:17,521 --> 00:09:20,561 Each evening, 10,000 of them come here. 68 00:09:34,241 --> 00:09:36,721 Not all of them return. 69 00:09:38,641 --> 00:09:41,121 Every two metres of river, there is... 70 00:09:41,241 --> 00:09:42,681 ...a crocodile. 71 00:09:45,961 --> 00:09:50,761 They were here long before the bats... 72 00:09:53,561 --> 00:09:58,281 ...survivors from Australia's prehistoric past. 73 00:10:32,681 --> 00:10:37,121 These dramas have been taking place for millions of years... 74 00:10:41,241 --> 00:10:43,281 ...aerial agility... 75 00:10:44,601 --> 00:10:45,681 ...versus patience... 76 00:10:48,041 --> 00:10:49,561 ...and deadly speed. 77 00:11:06,481 --> 00:11:12,241 Australia's forests are hostile places in which to make your home. 78 00:11:20,001 --> 00:11:24,521 As you move inland, the forest thins, the air cools 79 00:11:24,641 --> 00:11:28,601 and the land, as it gets higher, changes dramatically. 80 00:11:40,121 --> 00:11:44,961 The Great Dividing Range, 2,000 metres above the jungle. 81 00:11:48,121 --> 00:11:53,081 To survive here, you must be able to tolerate really harsh conditions. 82 00:12:06,881 --> 00:12:11,441 Kangaroos, like nearly all of the continent's native mammals, 83 00:12:11,561 --> 00:12:12,601 are marsupials... 84 00:12:15,321 --> 00:12:20,161 ...mammals that rear their young usually in a pouch on the mother's belly. 85 00:12:22,401 --> 00:12:26,481 And the young up here certainly need such shelter. 86 00:12:38,521 --> 00:12:43,241 No kangaroos can survive for long higher than this. 87 00:13:02,201 --> 00:13:06,201 But there is an even tougher marsupial up here. 88 00:13:19,281 --> 00:13:20,441 A wombat. 89 00:13:21,481 --> 00:13:25,481 She usually shelters underground in a burrow, 90 00:13:25,601 --> 00:13:28,921 but now that is under a metre of snow, 91 00:13:29,041 --> 00:13:31,761 together with all the grass on which she lives. 92 00:13:33,321 --> 00:13:36,161 She weighs as much a big dog 93 00:13:36,281 --> 00:13:38,681 and has the legs of a small one - 94 00:13:38,801 --> 00:13:41,881 not ideal for deep snow. 95 00:13:48,441 --> 00:13:52,041 Fragments of bark hardly count even as a snack... 96 00:13:53,281 --> 00:13:54,761 ...and she's hungry. 97 00:14:03,281 --> 00:14:05,681 She needs grass. 98 00:14:14,201 --> 00:14:18,521 But it's over a mile away, across a frozen river. 99 00:14:22,921 --> 00:14:25,481 Wombats might not be fast, 100 00:14:25,601 --> 00:14:27,561 but then they don't need to be up here. 101 00:14:28,601 --> 00:14:30,921 They can survive on next to nothing. 102 00:14:36,521 --> 00:14:40,401 A few mouthfuls will be enough food for over a week. 103 00:14:43,081 --> 00:14:47,761 And there's not much competition for it in this small corner of the continent. 104 00:14:55,721 --> 00:14:59,881 Snowy peaks are hardly typical of Australia, 105 00:15:00,001 --> 00:15:03,281 but the Great Dividing Range is a remnant 106 00:15:03,401 --> 00:15:07,081 of what were once some of the longest mountain chains on Earth. 107 00:15:10,241 --> 00:15:13,761 They connected Australia and Antarctica. 108 00:15:15,841 --> 00:15:19,441 But then these sister continents broke apart. 109 00:15:19,561 --> 00:15:24,201 Antarctica, drifting southwards, became locked in ice. 110 00:15:24,321 --> 00:15:28,161 Australia drifted northwards towards the equator 111 00:15:28,281 --> 00:15:31,441 and became hotter and drier. 112 00:15:33,041 --> 00:15:34,921 Woodlands developed, 113 00:15:35,041 --> 00:15:38,161 and in places where rainfall was low - 114 00:15:38,281 --> 00:15:39,881 open grasslands. 115 00:15:46,401 --> 00:15:48,481 On these grassy plains, 116 00:15:48,601 --> 00:15:51,601 animals had the space to thrive. 117 00:15:53,881 --> 00:15:56,921 These are also eastern grey kangaroos, 118 00:15:57,041 --> 00:15:59,321 and this is their true home. 119 00:15:59,441 --> 00:16:02,321 Here, they are well fed and powerful. 120 00:16:03,801 --> 00:16:09,841 Adults can stand over two metres tall and travel as fast as a racehorse. 121 00:16:17,121 --> 00:16:21,441 And on these open plains, you need speed... 122 00:16:22,801 --> 00:16:28,001 ...because where there are large herds, there will be predators. 123 00:16:33,241 --> 00:16:37,921 Dingoes - descendants of wolves that were brought here 124 00:16:38,041 --> 00:16:42,201 over 4,000 years ago by human visitors from Asia. 125 00:16:46,841 --> 00:16:50,361 This pack is led by a white female... 126 00:16:51,481 --> 00:16:53,041 ...and they are hunting. 127 00:17:16,281 --> 00:17:20,521 Creating panic tests the herd. 128 00:17:48,561 --> 00:17:51,121 Mothers with young in their pouches might be slower... 129 00:17:54,521 --> 00:17:57,161 ...but they can still outrun a dingo. 130 00:18:01,841 --> 00:18:04,041 Maybe an ambush will work. 131 00:18:12,041 --> 00:18:18,041 But even young, newly independent kangaroos seem uncatchable. 132 00:18:24,561 --> 00:18:27,761 Across these open, flat plains, 133 00:18:27,881 --> 00:18:30,881 the dingoes are just not fast enough. 134 00:18:34,321 --> 00:18:38,121 But what makes the white female their leader is her stamina 135 00:18:38,241 --> 00:18:41,761 and, particularly, her intelligence. 136 00:18:44,561 --> 00:18:48,881 She has run 18 miles today, but she still doesn't give up. 137 00:18:51,361 --> 00:18:55,761 A different group of kangaroos, this time on uneven ground. 138 00:18:59,041 --> 00:19:01,081 It's what she's been looking for. 139 00:19:09,121 --> 00:19:12,561 Driving them uphill, she's struggling to keep up with them. 140 00:19:30,761 --> 00:19:35,201 And as they hurtle down the other side, the kangaroos pick up speed. 141 00:19:37,641 --> 00:19:41,881 They will easily outpace her, if they stay in control. 142 00:20:23,361 --> 00:20:27,601 The white dingo has more than one reason to be so relentless. 143 00:20:31,681 --> 00:20:32,721 She's a mother. 144 00:20:37,601 --> 00:20:39,521 This is a rare sight. 145 00:20:40,881 --> 00:20:43,881 Dingo pups are hardly ever seen. 146 00:20:48,761 --> 00:20:51,121 With so much effort for just one meal, 147 00:20:51,241 --> 00:20:55,761 the open plains are tough places on which to raise young. 148 00:21:02,201 --> 00:21:04,641 These are gumtrees. 149 00:21:05,801 --> 00:21:09,121 They have leaves that are poisonous to most animals. 150 00:21:11,081 --> 00:21:12,961 But not the koala. 151 00:21:13,081 --> 00:21:15,081 They eat almost nothing else. 152 00:21:18,761 --> 00:21:21,361 There are echidnas in these forests, too - 153 00:21:21,481 --> 00:21:26,921 mammals that don't even have pouches but lay eggs, like reptiles. 154 00:21:34,041 --> 00:21:38,561 And there is an assassin here that has only recently been discovered. 155 00:21:43,721 --> 00:21:46,281 A Jotus jumping spider. 156 00:21:48,241 --> 00:21:50,801 She's only 5mm long, 157 00:21:50,921 --> 00:21:55,521 but, nonetheless, she's a stealthy and ferocious hunter. 158 00:21:57,241 --> 00:22:00,361 She searches for prey among the grass stems. 159 00:22:20,881 --> 00:22:24,481 She's single-minded and focused on hunting. 160 00:22:31,961 --> 00:22:34,001 But today might be different. 161 00:22:37,921 --> 00:22:41,761 This is something new, 162 00:22:41,881 --> 00:22:44,361 something fast... 163 00:22:46,961 --> 00:22:48,481 ...and a little trickier. 164 00:22:54,881 --> 00:22:56,721 But what is it? 165 00:22:56,841 --> 00:22:58,201 Is it food? 166 00:23:17,801 --> 00:23:22,241 It's a male Jotus, looking for a mate. 167 00:23:28,281 --> 00:23:31,401 He needs to catch her attention, 168 00:23:31,521 --> 00:23:35,521 but female Jotus only mate once. 169 00:23:35,641 --> 00:23:38,801 If she's mated before, she might kill him. 170 00:23:42,441 --> 00:23:45,041 He will need to seduce her with care. 171 00:23:49,001 --> 00:23:53,321 Waving his arms makes his intentions clear. 172 00:23:53,441 --> 00:23:55,441 He's a friend, not food. 173 00:23:59,441 --> 00:24:01,801 No sign of an attack... yet. 174 00:24:07,561 --> 00:24:10,801 But she doesn't seem particularly impressed. 175 00:24:15,241 --> 00:24:18,241 Time to try his best move... 176 00:24:19,801 --> 00:24:20,881 ...the double paddle. 177 00:24:22,321 --> 00:24:24,361 That surely will do the trick. 178 00:24:42,721 --> 00:24:44,601 One final wave... 179 00:24:53,761 --> 00:24:55,321 ...and he's tamed her. 180 00:24:55,441 --> 00:24:58,201 She stays still for just long enough. 181 00:25:17,881 --> 00:25:21,761 And then he retreats quickly, before she has second thoughts. 182 00:25:38,281 --> 00:25:41,881 If you travel still further towards the centre of Australia, 183 00:25:42,001 --> 00:25:45,041 the landscape changes yet again. 184 00:25:45,161 --> 00:25:47,801 Trees and grass disappear. 185 00:25:51,081 --> 00:25:55,161 The continent, throughout prehistory, continued to drift north, 186 00:25:55,281 --> 00:25:59,401 and as it entered the tropics, it got hotter and hotter. 187 00:26:01,161 --> 00:26:05,281 Over thousands of years, the grasslands of the centre dried, 188 00:26:05,401 --> 00:26:07,761 and lakes and rivers turned dust. 189 00:26:09,361 --> 00:26:14,721 The rocks have been reduced to sand by the hot, blasting winds. 190 00:26:16,881 --> 00:26:20,801 Now Australia's centre is one vast desert. 191 00:26:22,441 --> 00:26:26,041 Its immensity is almost impossible to comprehend. 192 00:26:36,081 --> 00:26:40,161 This train running north is a half a mile long. 193 00:26:43,081 --> 00:26:45,481 Travelling at nearly 50 miles an hour, 194 00:26:45,601 --> 00:26:49,161 it takes almost three days to get from one side to another. 195 00:26:57,321 --> 00:27:03,241 Australia today is the driest inhabited continent on Earth. 196 00:27:07,241 --> 00:27:11,281 Rain hardly ever falls in 70% of it. 197 00:27:15,241 --> 00:27:20,801 From space, the continent is seen to be stained red by iron oxide - 198 00:27:20,921 --> 00:27:24,121 rust from its disintegrating rocks. 199 00:27:27,401 --> 00:27:33,561 In the surface are lines carved by winds over millennia. 200 00:27:34,721 --> 00:27:38,561 The very bones of the continent are now stripped bare... 201 00:27:40,041 --> 00:27:44,241 ...the foundations of what once were mountains. 202 00:27:55,841 --> 00:28:01,081 At its heart stands the great rock mountain of Uluru... 203 00:28:04,281 --> 00:28:09,801 ...sacred to the first people to arrive here 60,000 years ago. 204 00:28:34,761 --> 00:28:39,961 There is almost no soil here, few plants, few animals 205 00:28:40,081 --> 00:28:42,401 and almost no permanent water. 206 00:28:44,681 --> 00:28:48,441 It's a place where only the toughest can survive. 207 00:28:52,921 --> 00:28:56,161 This is the land of reptiles. 208 00:28:57,681 --> 00:29:02,081 Australia has more species of them than any other continent. 209 00:29:04,041 --> 00:29:06,241 The perentie, two metres long, 210 00:29:06,361 --> 00:29:10,041 is the biggest here, and he's thirsty. 211 00:29:16,921 --> 00:29:20,001 It only rains here once or twice a year. 212 00:29:20,121 --> 00:29:23,041 And when there isn't any rain, 213 00:29:23,161 --> 00:29:27,281 perenties get their water from eating lizards. 214 00:29:31,801 --> 00:29:35,281 There are several kinds to choose from... 215 00:29:38,841 --> 00:29:40,401 ...bearded dragons... 216 00:29:43,881 --> 00:29:45,881 ...blue-tongued skinks... 217 00:29:50,081 --> 00:29:51,481 ...and thorny devils. 218 00:29:51,601 --> 00:29:53,681 All are on the menu. 219 00:29:56,481 --> 00:30:00,641 The thorny devil also gets its water from its food. 220 00:30:06,001 --> 00:30:07,961 It's only the size of a mouse, 221 00:30:08,081 --> 00:30:13,321 but, even so, it must eat hundreds of ants every day to get what it needs. 222 00:30:20,801 --> 00:30:26,561 Most storm clouds pass by without releasing any water. 223 00:30:30,401 --> 00:30:32,441 But just sometimes, 224 00:30:32,561 --> 00:30:35,121 there's a brief shower. 225 00:30:58,441 --> 00:31:01,801 Everyone makes the most of the opportunity. 226 00:31:10,161 --> 00:31:14,641 It's so hot the droplets will disappear within minutes. 227 00:31:15,721 --> 00:31:18,281 But the thorny devil has a trick. 228 00:31:23,961 --> 00:31:26,321 He's found a tiny puddle, 229 00:31:26,441 --> 00:31:28,321 only a few millimetres deep, 230 00:31:28,441 --> 00:31:30,841 and he dips his toe into it. 231 00:31:42,961 --> 00:31:46,081 His skin is like blotting paper. 232 00:31:51,641 --> 00:31:54,321 It collects moisture by capillary action, 233 00:31:54,441 --> 00:31:59,001 sucking it up along the inter-connecting grooves until he glistens all over. 234 00:32:03,081 --> 00:32:04,921 When the water reaches his mouth, 235 00:32:05,041 --> 00:32:06,361 he can collect it... 236 00:32:07,601 --> 00:32:11,201 ...while still keeping his head up, on the lookout for danger. 237 00:32:14,801 --> 00:32:19,361 The perentie is 200 times the size of a thorny devil. 238 00:32:19,481 --> 00:32:23,561 Tiny puddles and droplets are of no use to him. 239 00:32:26,361 --> 00:32:30,361 What he needs is a juicy lizard. 240 00:32:52,161 --> 00:32:56,481 That was a bearded dragon that wasn't quite quick enough. 241 00:33:04,401 --> 00:33:09,041 Even the perentie sometimes gets a chance to quench his thirst. 242 00:33:17,001 --> 00:33:22,961 There is one species that has truly conquered the Australian desert. 243 00:33:25,041 --> 00:33:27,841 They don't wait for water to come to them. 244 00:33:27,961 --> 00:33:33,641 They sometimes travel over 300 miles in a single day to find it. 245 00:33:35,201 --> 00:33:37,921 Australia's hardiest animal... 246 00:33:40,761 --> 00:33:42,641 ...the wild budgerigar... 247 00:33:45,881 --> 00:33:49,681 ...the most accomplished of all desert nomads. 248 00:33:49,801 --> 00:33:52,681 These have been travelling together for weeks... 249 00:33:55,361 --> 00:33:59,241 ...and that has evidently caused a few domestic arguments. 250 00:34:08,281 --> 00:34:12,161 This is truly an immense community. 251 00:34:12,281 --> 00:34:15,761 There are over 10,000 budgies in this flock. 252 00:34:22,761 --> 00:34:25,321 Every one of them is thirsty. 253 00:34:33,361 --> 00:34:35,881 But although they've found this billabong... 254 00:34:37,081 --> 00:34:39,081 ...they must be wary. 255 00:34:41,561 --> 00:34:44,721 A hawk - and one that eats budgies. 256 00:34:51,321 --> 00:34:56,401 As long as it remains on the ground, the budgies will risk taking a drink. 257 00:35:15,001 --> 00:35:19,681 Once it takes to the air, however, the budgies are in danger. 258 00:35:23,201 --> 00:35:26,921 And it's not the only bird of prey here. 259 00:35:28,681 --> 00:35:33,281 The budgies have a simple but very effective defence - 260 00:35:33,401 --> 00:35:35,241 they all take to the wing at once. 261 00:35:39,361 --> 00:35:43,361 An aerial hunter needs to lock on to a single target for a few seconds 262 00:35:43,481 --> 00:35:45,321 if it is to catch it, 263 00:35:45,441 --> 00:35:48,401 but in this swirl, that's very hard to do. 264 00:35:58,641 --> 00:36:04,001 Flying in a flock keeps the budgies safe, but they're still desperate to drink. 265 00:36:11,401 --> 00:36:15,921 As soon as a particularly brave one takes the plunge, they all do. 266 00:36:22,121 --> 00:36:25,681 But once on the water, they are easier to target. 267 00:36:31,161 --> 00:36:34,281 They must drink quickly and stick together. 268 00:36:53,961 --> 00:36:58,561 The last ones to leave will be the ones in most danger. 269 00:37:22,481 --> 00:37:27,441 Only one has been taken from a flock of 10,000. 270 00:37:36,561 --> 00:37:39,521 In a few days, they will leave the area, 271 00:37:39,641 --> 00:37:41,161 on their never-ending search 272 00:37:41,281 --> 00:37:44,681 for the next brief opportunity to feed and drink. 273 00:38:02,201 --> 00:38:05,321 As the continent continued to drift north, 274 00:38:05,441 --> 00:38:08,761 it eventually entered warm, tropical seas. 275 00:38:11,521 --> 00:38:15,401 And here, in the crystal-clear, sunlit water, 276 00:38:15,521 --> 00:38:18,401 just a metre or two beneath the surface, 277 00:38:18,521 --> 00:38:20,601 life proliferated. 278 00:38:24,561 --> 00:38:28,481 Coral grows into reefs in these shallow seas. 279 00:38:31,521 --> 00:38:33,481 This is Ningaloo... 280 00:38:34,801 --> 00:38:38,281 ...today one of the richest anywhere in the world. 281 00:38:46,641 --> 00:38:51,241 Thousands of species of fish and all kinds of other organisms 282 00:38:51,361 --> 00:38:54,161 thrive in these coral cities. 283 00:38:55,601 --> 00:39:00,681 And they have attracted the most ancient of living predators. 284 00:39:07,921 --> 00:39:09,801 Sharks. 285 00:39:09,921 --> 00:39:15,601 They were around 200 million years before the dinosaurs. 286 00:39:18,561 --> 00:39:21,361 They're fast and agile, 287 00:39:21,481 --> 00:39:25,041 well able to pick off the small reef fish. 288 00:39:27,241 --> 00:39:30,641 But they come here for bigger rewards. 289 00:39:35,201 --> 00:39:38,881 These are fish from the open ocean, 290 00:39:39,001 --> 00:39:43,361 and every so often, for some reason, they swim over the reef. 291 00:39:53,801 --> 00:39:58,641 The small fish swirl like the budgies, and for the same reason. 292 00:39:58,761 --> 00:40:02,961 It makes it harder for a hunter to single out a particular target. 293 00:40:08,561 --> 00:40:12,401 But, in fact, the sharks aren't trying to catch them individually. 294 00:40:18,961 --> 00:40:23,761 They're driving them closer to the shore, penning them against the beach. 295 00:40:28,401 --> 00:40:33,561 Slowly, the sharks drive each new wave of fish into shallow water, 296 00:40:33,681 --> 00:40:36,201 and the bait ball grows. 297 00:40:44,441 --> 00:40:48,961 More sharks arrive, some from many miles away. 298 00:40:57,721 --> 00:41:00,041 And still the sharks don't attack. 299 00:41:01,161 --> 00:41:03,081 They're waiting... 300 00:41:04,161 --> 00:41:05,841 ...for the right moment. 301 00:41:13,481 --> 00:41:17,441 Millions of fish are now trapped in these shallow waters. 302 00:41:19,201 --> 00:41:23,441 It only happens like this once in every decade or so. 303 00:41:30,041 --> 00:41:32,841 The time has come to strike. 304 00:41:44,681 --> 00:41:48,081 For the sharks, this is a bonanza. 305 00:41:50,201 --> 00:41:52,201 They work together. 306 00:41:53,321 --> 00:41:56,961 Each shark now fills its stomach. 307 00:42:03,281 --> 00:42:08,281 These shallow seas are exceptionally rich in sharks. 308 00:42:10,161 --> 00:42:14,521 There are more species here than anywhere else on Earth. 309 00:42:26,081 --> 00:42:30,761 Australia is not only fringed by rich reefs 310 00:42:30,881 --> 00:42:36,281 but girdled with islands - some big, some small. 311 00:42:42,441 --> 00:42:46,321 Off the south coast lies by far the biggest of them. 312 00:42:47,761 --> 00:42:49,561 Tasmania. 313 00:42:52,441 --> 00:42:56,441 And that has its own special marsupial... 314 00:42:57,561 --> 00:43:01,361 ...one that seldom appears until after dark. 315 00:43:04,361 --> 00:43:06,681 The Tasmanian devil. 316 00:43:12,601 --> 00:43:16,521 Many predators inhabit a territory packed with prey. 317 00:43:16,641 --> 00:43:19,401 But here, there's nothing like that for them. 318 00:43:28,401 --> 00:43:32,161 Each may travel for miles night after night, 319 00:43:32,281 --> 00:43:36,601 prepared to eat anything it can find, dead or alive. 320 00:43:46,041 --> 00:43:48,801 The shoreline is a good place to search. 321 00:43:49,921 --> 00:43:53,401 There might be some small creatures to catch here, 322 00:43:53,521 --> 00:43:55,881 or maybe something that the tide has brought in. 323 00:44:06,401 --> 00:44:09,881 The carcass of a wallaby has been washed ashore. 324 00:44:17,321 --> 00:44:22,761 Tasmanian devils can eat 40% of their body weight in one session, 325 00:44:22,881 --> 00:44:25,561 and they have hugely powerful jaws. 326 00:44:25,681 --> 00:44:29,321 They tackle everything - even bones. 327 00:44:33,481 --> 00:44:34,801 Back at the den, 328 00:44:34,921 --> 00:44:37,641 there are other hungry mouths. 329 00:44:44,681 --> 00:44:47,481 Her two youngsters are six months old. 330 00:44:49,121 --> 00:44:55,081 They still rely on their mother's milk, but they're feeling peckish! 331 00:44:58,881 --> 00:45:02,401 There must be something solid they could find for themselves 332 00:45:02,521 --> 00:45:04,241 while they're waiting for a drink. 333 00:45:12,161 --> 00:45:13,681 Is this food? 334 00:45:21,881 --> 00:45:24,281 That possum smells tasty... 335 00:45:26,681 --> 00:45:29,161 ...but it's a little high up. 336 00:45:31,521 --> 00:45:34,121 This looks more promising. 337 00:45:44,161 --> 00:45:47,761 At last, a giant stick! 338 00:45:49,641 --> 00:45:51,681 Not bad for a first go. 339 00:45:57,201 --> 00:46:01,841 Their mother will protect and feed these youngsters for another three months. 340 00:46:03,801 --> 00:46:08,641 Their survival is important to her, but also for us... 341 00:46:09,881 --> 00:46:14,321 ...because these are one of the last devil families in the world. 342 00:46:20,681 --> 00:46:23,401 Tasmanian devils are now endangered... 343 00:46:24,441 --> 00:46:26,521 ...found in only a few places, 344 00:46:26,641 --> 00:46:31,161 such as this remote islet off the coast of Tasmania. 345 00:46:37,401 --> 00:46:40,841 But they once lived across the whole of Australia. 346 00:46:42,481 --> 00:46:45,161 Evidence that this was so 347 00:46:45,281 --> 00:46:50,041 can be seen nearly 2,500 miles away from the devils' family den, 348 00:46:50,161 --> 00:46:54,001 on Australia's northern coast. 349 00:47:01,361 --> 00:47:04,361 This great stretch of boulders 350 00:47:04,481 --> 00:47:11,081 is covered by the largest concentration of prehistoric images anywhere in the world. 351 00:47:16,921 --> 00:47:20,361 Over one million pictures of wildlife... 352 00:47:24,721 --> 00:47:26,201 ...and among them... 353 00:47:27,961 --> 00:47:29,601 ...a Tasmanian devil. 354 00:47:32,441 --> 00:47:37,241 It was engraved on stone 60,000 years ago 355 00:47:37,361 --> 00:47:41,081 by some of the first human beings to reach the continent. 356 00:47:44,801 --> 00:47:47,361 Then, just 200 years ago, 357 00:47:47,481 --> 00:47:53,201 European settlers arrived with guns and dogs, foxes and cats. 358 00:47:54,481 --> 00:47:58,521 Together, they decimated Australia's unique wildlife. 359 00:48:04,401 --> 00:48:08,521 This was one of the continent's biggest animal predators - 360 00:48:08,641 --> 00:48:11,241 a marsupial wolf, or thylacine. 361 00:48:13,321 --> 00:48:18,121 The last-known remaining one was filmed in 1936 362 00:48:18,241 --> 00:48:20,481 in a zoo just before it died... 363 00:48:21,921 --> 00:48:26,681 ...and so brought the final extinction of its species. 364 00:48:31,681 --> 00:48:34,961 These rocks are now its memorial. 365 00:48:39,521 --> 00:48:43,321 And they may become that for the Tasmanian devil as well. 366 00:48:45,681 --> 00:48:51,681 Mammals in Australia are disappearing faster than anywhere else on Earth. 367 00:48:55,681 --> 00:49:00,721 They succeeded in adapting to life as their home changed around them. 368 00:49:02,401 --> 00:49:05,601 But now they face their greatest challenge - 369 00:49:05,721 --> 00:49:09,801 the change to their world brought by humanity. 370 00:49:11,961 --> 00:49:15,921 Which of its unique species will survive the coming decades 371 00:49:16,041 --> 00:49:18,201 now depends on us. 372 00:49:31,081 --> 00:49:34,241 The most ambitious shoot for the Australia team 373 00:49:34,361 --> 00:49:38,841 Was filming the continent's top predator - the dingo - hunting. 374 00:49:42,801 --> 00:49:46,081 Elusive and shy, they're rarely seen. 375 00:49:50,721 --> 00:49:55,201 The crew journeyed to the high plains of Australia, 376 00:49:55,321 --> 00:50:00,841 where park rangers had reported sightings of a white dingo and her pack. 377 00:50:04,361 --> 00:50:07,361 In their first week, the team confirm the sightings... 378 00:50:07,481 --> 00:50:08,641 There she is. 379 00:50:10,001 --> 00:50:12,361 ...and begin to catch glimpses. 380 00:50:13,961 --> 00:50:15,841 But with the dingoes constantly on the move, 381 00:50:15,961 --> 00:50:19,721 keeping track of them is a challenge. 382 00:50:19,841 --> 00:50:23,601 They teleport around, because you just lose them in the grass. 383 00:50:23,721 --> 00:50:25,041 It's madness. 384 00:50:25,161 --> 00:50:29,321 Each time the crew arrive to set up... 385 00:50:30,401 --> 00:50:32,401 ...they're too late. 386 00:50:43,761 --> 00:50:45,841 I couldn't believe how far she'd gone. 387 00:50:45,961 --> 00:50:48,481 By the time we managed to drive over the brow of the hill, 388 00:50:48,601 --> 00:50:50,881 she was a kilometre away. 389 00:50:52,041 --> 00:50:55,201 If they lose them, it could take days to find them again. 390 00:50:57,281 --> 00:51:02,241 And searching in outback Australia can be dangerous work. 391 00:51:10,481 --> 00:51:13,801 Brown snakes are one of the world's most venomous. 392 00:51:15,401 --> 00:51:18,721 And it's not only the snakes that have a nasty bite. 393 00:51:18,841 --> 00:51:19,841 Oh, dear! 394 00:51:19,961 --> 00:51:21,201 Look at that. 395 00:51:22,881 --> 00:51:24,001 Sorry. 396 00:51:28,601 --> 00:51:30,881 Turns out I just stood in an ants' nest. 397 00:51:34,641 --> 00:51:39,641 Over the coming weeks, the dingoes continue to give the crew the runaround. 398 00:51:40,961 --> 00:51:43,001 With such a large area to search, 399 00:51:43,121 --> 00:51:46,161 they enlist the help of two additional cameramen. 400 00:51:47,401 --> 00:51:52,321 Dan is a dingo expert and studied them for five years, 401 00:51:52,441 --> 00:51:55,241 and even he struggled to follow them. 402 00:51:55,361 --> 00:51:59,801 Dingoes are Australia's most heavily persecuted native animal... 403 00:51:59,921 --> 00:52:02,401 ...and that makes them 404 00:52:02,521 --> 00:52:05,161 so incredibly elusive and hard to film. 405 00:52:06,161 --> 00:52:08,001 They're very scared of humans. 406 00:52:09,121 --> 00:52:13,441 Dingoes have lived in Australia for over 4,000 years, 407 00:52:13,561 --> 00:52:17,761 but when Europeans arrived with livestock, they were seen as a threat. 408 00:52:18,801 --> 00:52:23,081 Today, they continue to be shot, poisoned and trapped, 409 00:52:23,201 --> 00:52:25,441 which explains why they avoid the crew. 410 00:52:26,641 --> 00:52:30,321 So Dan suggests a new approach. 411 00:52:33,441 --> 00:52:36,201 From the air, they have a better view. 412 00:52:37,321 --> 00:52:41,481 Now they can track the dingoes and follow their trails. 413 00:52:42,641 --> 00:52:47,881 And they notice the white dingo repeatedly returning to the same patch of forest. 414 00:52:49,881 --> 00:52:54,361 Ben, the park ranger, goes to explore... 415 00:52:54,481 --> 00:52:56,001 Dog's had a scratch in here. 416 00:52:58,561 --> 00:52:59,841 Old roo leg. 417 00:52:59,961 --> 00:53:02,801 ...and unearths a den site. 418 00:53:02,921 --> 00:53:04,561 Den site in here. Look at it. Jeez. 419 00:53:04,681 --> 00:53:08,681 Only a handful of wild dingo dens 420 00:53:08,801 --> 00:53:11,321 have ever been filmed, so the team set up a stakeout. 421 00:53:20,481 --> 00:53:23,881 And after a few days waiting... 422 00:53:29,281 --> 00:53:32,521 To the best of my knowledge, this is some of the first footage 423 00:53:32,641 --> 00:53:34,201 of wild dingo pups at the den. 424 00:53:36,481 --> 00:53:40,881 Being able to capture this really intimate, up-close footage is amazing. 425 00:53:41,001 --> 00:53:43,281 Really, really special. 426 00:53:44,721 --> 00:53:47,641 The den site is a major breakthrough. 427 00:53:51,121 --> 00:53:54,081 Now the team can find the white dingo each morning... 428 00:53:54,201 --> 00:53:55,361 Yeah, I've got her. 429 00:53:55,481 --> 00:53:58,801 ...and begin to understand her hunting patterns. 430 00:54:02,201 --> 00:54:05,521 At this point, she's just testing the water to see which... 431 00:54:05,641 --> 00:54:09,681 ...which ones are weaker, or if there are any joeys around that she can hunt easily. 432 00:54:12,201 --> 00:54:16,201 But her chases cover such vast distances 433 00:54:16,321 --> 00:54:20,281 that filming them from start to finish is impossible. 434 00:54:21,641 --> 00:54:24,841 Time for the final crew members. 435 00:54:28,321 --> 00:54:32,281 With the filming helicopter, 436 00:54:32,401 --> 00:54:37,921 the team can stay airborne for long enough to capture her marathon hunts. 437 00:54:38,041 --> 00:54:43,921 But to be successful, the ground and aerial team will need to work together. 438 00:54:46,481 --> 00:54:48,761 So we've got spotters all around the valley, 439 00:54:48,881 --> 00:54:50,801 and if anything happens, if anything moves, 440 00:54:50,921 --> 00:54:52,121 we can run to the helicopter 441 00:54:52,241 --> 00:54:55,601 and we can be up in the air in about three minutes and filming. 442 00:54:55,721 --> 00:54:59,241 We're just on standby all morning and all afternoon. 443 00:55:02,001 --> 00:55:06,241 With nine people monitoring the white dingo's every move, 444 00:55:06,361 --> 00:55:08,401 all they can do... 445 00:55:09,481 --> 00:55:10,481 ...is wait. 446 00:55:19,841 --> 00:55:21,881 Until one morning... 447 00:55:22,001 --> 00:55:25,481 She really looks like she's eyeing up those roos over there. 448 00:55:25,601 --> 00:55:27,321 She's just stopped and just looking at them. 449 00:55:30,601 --> 00:55:34,601 Yeah, she's definitely looking for some roos. Over. 450 00:55:39,361 --> 00:55:42,401 With the dingo on the move, the hunt seems imminent. 451 00:55:46,161 --> 00:55:51,881 As the helicopter prepares to launch, the ground team keep track of her. 452 00:55:59,321 --> 00:56:01,121 Yep, she's running, she's running, she's running. 453 00:56:15,401 --> 00:56:16,801 She looks good. 454 00:56:34,281 --> 00:56:35,761 Finally able to keep up, 455 00:56:35,881 --> 00:56:41,801 the team film these dingoes hunting kangaroos for the first time, 456 00:56:41,921 --> 00:56:46,321 adding to the little we know about these remarkable predators. 457 00:56:49,361 --> 00:56:51,921 After five weeks following the white dingo, 458 00:56:52,041 --> 00:56:55,441 the team are left in awe of her. 459 00:56:55,561 --> 00:56:57,081 She's worked so hard, 460 00:56:57,201 --> 00:57:00,161 catching roos and looking after her babies, 461 00:57:00,281 --> 00:57:02,681 and it's been just amazing. 462 00:57:03,841 --> 00:57:05,481 I'll never forget it. 463 00:57:09,401 --> 00:57:15,001 Next time - a world transformed by mankind... 464 00:57:16,201 --> 00:57:18,921 ...where extraordinary animals are found... 465 00:57:20,281 --> 00:57:23,001 ...in surprising places. 466 00:57:30,881 --> 00:57:32,201 Europe. 38608

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