Original subtitles

Hello. Hi.

Hello. About your book, if you could call me back...

on my mobile. Thank you.

Please, hello, can you call me? It's about your book.

Thank you.

Hello, hi, good afternoon.

If you can call me, I'm the subject of your book.

Thank you.

At around one o'clock, Ashraf Marwan,

an Egyptian super spy...

fell off the balcony...

in Carlton Terrace, Central London.

The medics were directed to a small rose garden,

he uttered a few words and he died.

When I was told, my mind was racing.

I asked myself, "Was he pushed?"

"Did he jump?"

The rumor was, especially in Egypt, that it was not an accident.

It was a murder.

1948, in Palestine, Jews declared the State of Israel.

Over the next day, Egypt and the Arab neighbors invaded.

So, for years, Israel and Egypt

hated each other.

And Ashraf Marwan was one of the greatest modern spies

at the center of the conflict.

Ironically Israel regarded Marwan as their best agent ever. He was the number one source of Israeli intelligence.

Few agents in history provided such...

splendid information. Out of this world.

His death is a mystery.

The rumor was it was a murder,

and just the day before he told me that he feared for his life,

but who did it?

The Egyptian intelligence killed Ashraf Marwan,

because he was a traitor.

The Israelis believe that he was their man,

but he tricked the Israelis into taking him seriously.

He served Egypt well.

Ashraf Marwan's wife, Mona,

she thought that he may have been murdered by the Israelis.

And when I think about it now,

I'm still asking myself, "Was I responsible?"

I was the one who unmasked him to the world.

In 2007, June 27th, I got a phone call

about the mysterious death that had happened just hours earlier.

Of course, I'm intrigued. Who wouldn't be?

And as a journalist I wanted to get to the bottom of it.

The most pressing, immediate issue was how did he die?

Was it murder? Suicide? Was it an accident?

So, this is the place from which he fell.

He fell five floors down.

The family insisted that he had a whole set of plans,

family functions to attend,

he had a business meeting on that very day

in that building there.

That's why the family believes that there was just no truth

to rumors that he could have killed himself.

I wanted to get to the truth, but that turned out to be

a lot trickier than I first imagined.

Well, the day he died, I was waiting for him to phone.

I thought that something is wrong with the reception.

So, I went up the stairs to see whether or not he left me a message.

But nothing.

I have always been interested in Middle Eastern wars.

When I was in the military it was known

there was a super spy who worked

with Israel's secret intelligence service.

But the Israeli military censorship made sure

that nothing is written about it.

A great secret.

Six Arabs killed here

in the West Bank, seven in Gaza.

When the Palestinian uprising of 1987 started...

...it was a turning point for me.

I saw Israeli soldiers beating a Palestinian.

I said, "This is madness.

You are inflicting on the Palestinians the same pain

that other nations have inflicted on the Jews,

and I'm not coming back until the violence has stopped."

"Big deal, Ahron Bregman is not coming back..."

And I'd emigrate to the UK.

After I finished my PhD on the Arab-Israeli conflict,

I joined the Department of War Studies

at King's College London.

Have we discussed the spy here in class or not?

Was it mentioned?

Yeah, no. Right.

And I've published six books you know nothing about...

It's a joke. Don't use it.

I'm using that.

In 1998, I was a consultant on a major documentary,

and I interviewed the director of Military Intelligence

in Israel, General Eli Zeira.

When we finished the interview, we were standing

in the corridor, and what he said to me there

changed everything for me.

He said that the Mossad's top spy was a double agent.

I was shocked to the core.

What were the implications of the spy being a double?

If he was a double agent

during one of the most important wars in Middle Eastern history,

then all the intelligence the Israeli's based their decisions on

would be cast into doubt.

Israel is dependent on her intelligence.

They have to get it right always,

and if their best spy misled them,

it will just ruin the reputation.

Therefore, the intelligence service...

Okay, Amos.

...they have an interest...

What was at risk? What was at stake?

...in keeping the story intact.

It's a sensitive subject.

The young Bregman was uber-motivated.

A scoop like this was something I'd always dreamt about,

but then I thought it might be a very dangerous game.

Ashraf Marwan was...

the son of an army general,

and people see in that a sign of social seniority.

He graduated in chemistry.

At the same time...

he met Mona, daughter of Gamal Abdel Nasser...

President in Egypt.

They fell in love.

He knew how...

to jump to the good bed.

He married the daughter of Nasser. The almighty Nasser.

Nasser was like God for the Arabs.

Idol.

Nasser.

1967, this was a crisis moment for Nasser.

Israel crippled the Egyptian Air Force on the ground.

And then, Egypt lost the Sinai Peninsula.

Egypt felt disbelief that this could happen to us.

It was a dent in the dignity of the country,

and the process of rebuilding the army started

for one objective, launching a war,

regaining the Sinai,

and regaining the sense of pride which every Egyptian felt...

before 1967.

Marwan entered into the Nasser family

at this moment of crisis.

He wants to be important, but Nasser didn't entrust

into him the kind of missions that Ashraf Marwan believed,

"Now when I marry into the family I'll get them."

Nasser, he felt that this guy

did not want to marry the girl for her personality,

he wanted to marry the daughter of the President.

So, Nasser gave Ashraf Marwan a junior position in the presidency.

It was like when you have adversary politician,

you bring him close to keep him under your eye,

rather than leave him free to wreak havoc.

Ashraf felt in a way demeaned, punished,

and made him resent Nasser.

So, he came to London with his new wife.

But reports back home...

indicated that he was loving an expensive lifestyle,

nightclubs,

restaurants,

living beyond the means...

of the ordinary Egyptians.

Nasser lived a very frugal life

and he felt that it was highly embarrassing.

Nasser shunted them back to Cairo.

Ashraf felt that he was handcuffed with Nasser.

So, he wants to take revenge on his father-in-law.

Israel leaders call it a total destruction

of Egypt's Sinai forces.

Immediately after the Six-Day War of '67...

the issue of a possible war down the road with Egypt...

was the number one priority of the Mossad.

Every country, every government

has to deal with the intentions

of our enemies, and the more you know about it,

the better you can prevent a war.

So, military intelligence for the Mossad was very, very important.

The Mossad is responsible for...

collection and special operations.

This is not the CIA. CIA deals with all the world.

He has agent in South America, in Africa,

maybe in the Northern Pole, I don't know.

Ev... All around the world. Here, in Israel, it is focused.

The arch enemies.

Can you describe for me your job, your role,

when you were working in the field?

No, I prefer not.

So, '67, at that moment, we started to look for intelligence

that would either support, or...

or the opposite, the issue of war down the road with Egypt.

Did you have any concerns about the possible implications

of unmasking a spy?

Look, Tom, the Mossad could be very dangerous

and unmasking one of the spies could have endangered me,

but I had to know.

It was a risk, it was a gamble. I am a bit reckless.

What did your wife have to say about all this?

I knew that she would be unhappy...

to see me involved in such a thing.

She was much more responsible and less reckless than me,

so I told her nothing of my spy games.

I poured over hundreds of articles and books

looking for clues to see who he was.

And I read anything that I could put my hands on.

And then a key book came into my hand,

which is the biography of Eli Zeira,

the man who said to me that there was a double agent

who misled the Mossad.

Zeira writes about an unnamed spy,

and then he mentioned three people

who were sitting in a meeting in Riyadh.

King Faisal of Saudi Arabia.

Sadat and a third man.

I was very suspicious when Zeira did not mention

the name of the third man in a chapter

where it's all about the spy. And you ask yourself

"Why is it missing?"

So, the fact that it was missing...

Yeah, exactly. The fact that there was

a missing piece of information... It was...

It was an editing thing, you see?

"Why is it missing?" Mm.

So, maybe the name is not mentioned

because someone is trying to hide the name.

But there is a reference, Robinson, page 136.

136. And here is the third man, Dr Ashraf Marwan.

When I saw it all my red lights started flashing.

My gut was telling me

that his name was significant, Ashraf Marwan.

It was an educated guess.

And I sent a fax to Zeira,

hoping that he would react and confirm the name.

I took a punt, but his reply was,

"I will not reveal."

And this was a setback.

But I wonder if there was something

in the fact Zeira did not deny,

so I thought that maybe I am on the right track.

...and refused to negotiate

until they were removed.

This was the position when the Arab world was dealt a blow

from which it's still reeling.

Now the explosive situation in the Middle East

has been further complicated

by the unexpected death of Egypt's President Nasser.

This man, Anwar Sadat, took over as president-elect.

I swear by Almighty God to uphold...

The big bosses under the Nasser regime...

they were...

unsatisfied with Sadat.

There was a kind of rebellion...

...and...

Ashraf was very cunning, smart.

Somehow Marwan got his hands on an archive...

and turned it over to Sadat,

and Sadat used some of the information in that archive

to put his enemies on trial.

Something personal? Or of a public nature?

The truth is in the court's hands.

It was very consequential

in Marwan's future career to prove to Sadat

that his loyalty to him can come at a price

of stabbing in the back Nasser's closest aids.

We must make it clear to the public.

And Sadat rewarded him. He appointed Ashraf to be... the secretary of the Presidential Office.

He was part of Sadat's inner circle.

At the time, he was not 30 yet,

and that is the youngest man in the job ever.

But knowing Ashraf Marwan, every step is calculated

to build for what comes after.

I was pretty sure Ashraf Marwan was the spy,

but I needed a conformation.

So, I thought that perhaps the editor of Zeira's book,

Rami Tali, could help with the name of this spy.

Obviously, the editor discussed the matter with Zeira,

so I devised a plan.

I then took a flight to Tel Aviv.

Ronnie Bregman, he wanted to make sure

that he has the right name.

I knew the name,

but I told him, "Ronnie,

I don't know the name, but if I knew it I would not tell you."

"I don't know the name," "Don't make me..."

This was how it was done.

Ten minutes into the conversation when he was warmed up,

but not yet tired of me, I looked him straight in the eye.

And Ronnie said...

"I know the name of the super spy."

And I said, "Good for you," and he said...

Ashraf Marwan was the super spy.

I was taken aback.

His response was unmistakable.

As far as I remember, I did not acknowledge it.

He looked away and smiled.

Bingo.

How do you say the English saying?

That butter would not melt in my mouth.

Butter very much melts in my mouth.

So, uh, when he approached me with the name...

Yeah,

it was some kind of an acknowledgment.

I returned to London a happy man.

I had the name.

I was delighted, really.

Celebrating.

But I had to confirm that he was a double agent.

Okay, so how did the Mossad get involved with Ashraf Marwan?

He was a walk-in.

One day in London,

he decided to call the Israeli embassy.

This is how moments in history are made.

They are made out of pure luck, because when he called the embassy,

luckily enough, the head of Mossad stations in Europe,

Shmuel Goren, was visiting the station.

I was the head of Mossad in Europe.

Somebody called.

As soon as I heard the name, it immediately rang a bell,

but I said, "No, it cannot be

that someone like him would come to us.”

When recruiting a new agent,

what are the risks to you, to the Mossad?

To the Mossad, first that he might be a double agent.

Number two, he's a liar.

And number three is that he can surrender you,

which is very dangerous.

But being an intelligence officer, if you are not...

suspicious as part of your culture and character,

you stand a fair chance not to be a successful intelligence officer.

And in the case of walk-ins,

it is even more important to be suspicious.

But he said, "The son-in-law of the Egyptian president is a walk-in?

We cannot miss that opportunity."

It was a gamble,

because the difference in cases like these...

is between receiving the Medal of Honor or facing disgrace.

So, we improvised...

against the official protocol.

And we scheduled the meeting at the hotel that same day.

The conversation was short.

He gave us authentic minutes from meetings in Moscow...

with the most high-ranking Russian officials

and the most high-ranking Egyptian officials.

To be a fly on the wall in these kinds of meetings is the dream of any intelligence agent.

My task was to go over the material he provided,

and we couldn't find anything

which gave us any doubt about his credibility.

Okay, so what exactly did you do to be certain?

Listen, there's no point to...

to... get into all the details, but...

there was no one,

or no one case, where anybody said, explicitly,

in a very determined way, that he was not authentic.

Why would Marwan, now that Nasser was gone,

and his ambition was being fulfilled, he was the right-hand man

of the president... Yeah.

Why would he want to sell secrets to Israel?

Why did he do it?

To feel important, maybe to take revenge

on his father-in-law, and thirdly, financial reward.

All in all, the Mossad paid him $1 million in the '70s, early '70s.

It's a huge amount of money.

Everything the Israelis say

suggests it was resentment towards Nasser,

hubris, money... And that doesn't add up to me.

You have to look at the Ashraf Marwan angle.

"I am a big shot."

How did Marwan spying for you work exactly?

He accompanied Sadat...

to meetings with leaders.

He listened and was able to give us the inside information.

When the Mossad met with Marwan,

the meeting, it take place in London.

Marwan would provide his documents.

He would get his money, then he would leave first...

and the Israeli will leave after him. What was so valuable about the information he gave you?

The most important pieces of information which Ashraf Marwan gave Israel...

He brought the order of battle of the Egyptian Army.

It means that Israel would know how Egypt were going to strike.

And they would attack us only if

they have enough air cover provided by the Russians.

It is very rare material.

It was, in my opinion, an earthquake.

It was...

beautiful.

Beautiful. Really.

I tried to piece together what happened to Ashraf Marwan.

Was it murder?

Was it suicide?

It is very interesting to be here.

He was on this balcony here and he landed in these bushes.

The family had always said that the trajectory of his fall

was such that he fell away from the building to such an extent that he must have been thrown.

You can only really see it when you're in the garden.

You can start to see why the family were arguing

it was bizarre

that he landed several feet out into these bushes.

And when I spoke to Ashraf Marwan's wife,

Mona, she thought that he may have been murdered by the Israelis.

Based on this information, it was difficult to believe

that he had just fallen out as part of an accident.

I gathered a huge amount of data during my research.

This is Eli Zeira when he was young.

He was a good-looking man and very clever.

Very clever.

I had the head of Israeli Military Intelligence telling me

this spy was a double agent.

This could only make Israel intelligence look bad,

so I had to take notice of it.

And then I uncovered something big behind the meetings in London.

Marwan was reckless,

he would just do stupid things, take chances.

He would phone the Israelis, the embassy, directly.

Ignoring the careful system whereby you should phone them indirectly

using a third party, a lady in London.

Of course, all of the lines

could have been taped by other agencies, by the MI6.

And he would arrive in meetings

driving the car of the Egyptian Embassy in London.

The fact that Marwan was so confident to do such things

in the open perhaps points to the fact that he knew

that it's okay, he was a double agent

and the Egyptians will accept it.

So, my conclusion is that General Eli Zeira was correct.

The spy was a double agent.

Ronnie, I've spoken to the Mossad

and what they are telling me is pretty compelling.

I think that Ashraf Marwan

was not the person the Israelis thought he was.

Okay for sound?

Ready?

Yeah.

Abdallah, Israel believe Ashraf gave them everything.

Good for them.

Ashraf Marwan, I believe that he served Egypt well.

He did it under instructions from Sadat,

he did not do it out of his own free will.

Albeit, he was prepared to play the dangerous game.

When Sadat became president of Egypt, his first priority

was to get back the lands Egypt lost in 1967.

It was a holistic movement within the country,

everyone coming together for one objective,

launching a war, regaining the Sinai, revitalizing the Arab world,

and creating a new spirit for the future.

But knowing that the Israelis had

weapons from the United States and western countries,

it had to have some cunning in the plan.

And Sadat has played this in the most perfect way.

Sadat wanted a very convincing agent

to feed information to the Israelis.

And...

Ashraf Marwan was the best actor to play the part.

Everything was, like, stage-managed to the highest possible standard.

They studied very well the Israeli mentality

to create the image to fool the Israelis.

And he did not go to them on his knees.

He went to them full of himself.

The Ashraf Marwan angle...

a playboy, fun-loving with a sense of pride.

"I am a big shot."

And he was very successful in convincing them

that he is serious about working for them.

Ashraf Marwan supplied the Israelis with the Egyptian preparations for the war,

but not complete,

but the Israelis were very happy with what he gave them.

So, he was accepted. The information we got

comes along once in a hundred years.

And they call him the... "the agent of the century."

All under instructions from Sadat.

There's this double agent theory

and I would like your opinion.

No other country in the world

would allow this kind of material to fall into the hands of their enemies.

He's a traitor.

He's just a simple traitor.

That's it.

How did the information Marwan gave you

influence your thinking?

Marwan, he reported one of the conditions for going to war...

was long-range bombers.

And the Russians, they hesitated to provide

the Egyptians deep bombing capabilities.

So, the Israeli evaluators of the intelligence

were in the notion that they are not going to fight us.

The underlying message of all the information

given by Marwan was that Egypt will not attack

before she got certain weapons.

But what the Israelis didn't know...

was that Sadat decided to go to war against them...

even without the weapons.

What Sadat needed was to surprise the Israelis,

to catch them unprepared.

The key issue was how to surprise the Israelis.

And Egypt felt the right time

is to attack them on Yom Kippur,

which is a holy day in Israel,

when the Israelis don't listen to the radio,

television is off.

They are just insulated in the synagogues and in the houses.

On the 6th of October, 1973,

the Egyptian units on the ground were told, "Now!"

100,000 Egyptian troops

start crossing the Suez Canal.

Shoot!

Igniting their spirit and mind and a will to win.

On the other side,

there are only 452 Israeli soldiers.

The Israelis are caught unprepared, off-balanced.

It did succeed in crushing the myth

of Israel's invincibility, and the first Israeli surrenders

were moments of rare triumph for the Egyptian commanders.

The Egyptian surprise was very successful.

Just like that...

The synagogue was full of people all around here.

We started seeing traffic on the streets.

The army came.

People were simply taken onto the army vehicles.

I can tell you, it was all chaos.

I was mobilized, recruited...

then I headed to Sinai.

We believed that the Israeli army is invincible

and the Arabs are inferior,

and that it would be a stroll in the park,

but we realized that, actually, it's not a joke.

We were bombarded from the air,

we were bombarded from the land.

We fought almost face-to-face with Egyptian soldiers.

They were good fighters.

I saw people dying around me. I was frightened all the time.

You think that this is the end.

They took five kilometers of Sinai,

and they dug in,

and they rebuffed everything.

And actually, our defense minister, Dayan,

came out on television and talked to the nation,

and explained to us that the situation is bad indeed.

The war is difficult.

Very harsh collisions, on the ground and in the sky.

He looked down and said...

And we are fighting for our lives.

Us, fighting for our life? We were the heroes in 1967.

What happened now?

So, him on television was a difficult moment in Israel.

When the war was over...

...the Egyptian people were extremely happy.

Can I tell you something which not many people know?

During the 1973 war days,

the rate of crime dwindled to zero.

There was no crime.

No of fence at all, everyone... united with everyone.

The one goal they had was

to regain their sense of pride and dignity.

Ashraf Marwan...

...he enabled Egypt to gain the surprise advantage.

The Egyptians are adamant they got the jump on you in '73,

because Ashraf Marwan misled you.

But it's just the opposite, he didn't... they didn't surprise us.

They gave us an early alert.

Before the war... Ashraf Marwan,

he asked for a meeting,

gave the code word: "chemicals."

And he told him, "Tomorrow, I'll be in London.

I want Zvika Zamir,

the director of the Mossad, to come."

The meeting took place at about

ten o'clock p.m.

Zvika sat scribbling the essence of the story.

Ashraf Marwan, he said,

"Tomorrow the war would be at sunset."

Zvika,

he sent the early warning to his personal assistant.

It was disseminated to the...

...director of Military Intelligence.

We could prepare ourselves...

for the attack.

Ashraf, he gave the plan!

Wait a second...

Ashraf said the war would start at sunset, and yet the surprise attack was at two...

Wasn't that misleading?

I'll answer it!

See, I saw the full report.

The Syrians,

they wanted the attack to be in the morning.

On October the 2nd, the Egyptian minister of war

reached a compromise.

"Okay...

not sunset,

ten minutes to two o'clock, afternoon."

Marwan, he didn't know about the change.

Because he was not in Egypt. He went on a mission.

There are those who say that Marwan did not know

that war starts four hours earlier.

I don't buy it, I think that he was just too close...

...to the leadership not to know such facts.

The fact that he said that it will start at sunset

was the climax of him misleading the Mossad and Israel.

But Mossad agents have a very clear motivation

to tell the world that he was genuine.

So, I was convinced Ashraf Marwan misled the Israelis.

Now I wanted to write a book about him...

but without the confirmation I couldn't just blame someone

of being a spy or a double agent.

And they wanted to hear it from Ashraf.

I wanted to hear the story from him.

So, I published A History of Israel.

I wanted to tease Ashraf out so I wrote in the book,

without mentioning his name, that he was

a close family member of President Nasser

and that the Israelis used to refer to him as "the Son-in-Law."

By the way, the Israelis never called him "the Son-in-Law,"

this was my invention in order for him to react.

I sent him the book with a dedication to Ashraf Marwan,

a hero of Egypt,

but no response.

This is, by the way, Tommy, a very boring book...

except for this story.

Yeah.

Then, a breakthrough.

An Egyptian journalist contacted Ashraf Marwan asking him,

"Are you the person at the heart of Bregman's story?"

To which he responded,

"Bregman's book is a stupid detective story."

In a...

childish sort of way, I was upset.

So, when another Egyptian journalist contacted me...

I confirmed, Ashraf Marwan, he was the Son-in-Law.

A perfect spy, an Egyptian national hero...

for misleading Israel, and they should name

a street after him in Cairo.

I was obsessed with it.

And if you have something so important...

...and you don't tell your wife...

...I'm sure it does have an impact on the relationship.

...two, one!

A few weeks later I picked up a copy of El a Ram il a Rabi.

Oh, that's the interview.

"A perfect spy and a national hero...

Ashraf Marwan"

And it caused a huge stir in the Middle East.

"The agent is exposed."

I saw my picture in the book and my heart sank.

It was quite shocking for me.

I wondered what would be the reaction of Marwan,

of the Egyptians, of the Mossad.

It was very worrying.

The next day, I'm in the garden.

Through the window, I can see my wife banging.

"You have a telephone call..."

I pick up the phone,

and someone says, "How are you?"

It's an Arabic accent.

"And who are you?" I ask.

"I am the person you've written about."

I'm taken aback.

He says, "We should meet up."

I was about to meet up with one of the greatest spies

in modern history.

Quite a dangerous exercise.

So, I was concerned.

I took some precautions, I left a message to my wife saying,

"I am meeting Ashraf Marwan."

And I walked to the Intercontinental Hotel,

looking back from time-to-time.

He was already there.

I've never seen him before, and I was quite surprised

to see how tall he was,

well-dressed with a scarf,

a red scarf, pacing up and down.

And although we never met before,

we immediately recognized each other.

"How are you?" I ask.

"I'm ill," he says. "I just had a few operations."

We ordered coffees,

and when the coffee did not come to our table,

he got up and went and fetched it for us,

which was a big mistake.

He could have put something inside,

this was my only mistake in the meeting.

I said to him I had one big question I wanted to ask him.

Why did you say sunset when the war started at 2:00 p.m.?

He smiled and said, "What are a few hours between us?"

Bingo!

This was a real admission that he was misleading Israel.

But then he added that he is concerned about his safety...

...and it was left at that.

It was amazing, and I was very happy to be alive.

General Eli Zeira was correct,

the mysterious spy who worked for Israel was a double agent.

This is bullshit!

Well, he's wrong! Tell me what you really...

Tell me what you really think!

I think Ronnie is wrong.

What Eli Zeira was doing was spreading fake news

four decades before Trump came to power,

and invented that term.

This was the day when Israel mourned her dead,

the latest casualty FIGURES: 1,854 killed.

The impact of the surprise was, for me,

a thing that haunts me to this day.

Certainly, I have anger.

If we have someone like Marwan,

who told us and warned us a day before to prepare the army,

our intelligence really fucked up.

Of course, I'm angry. Very much so.

After the war,

there was an inquiry committee

for the failure of the military intelligence.

It was the responsibility

of the head of the Military Intelligence,

General Zeira, to give the alert, and he did not.

Eli Zeira, when he was asked,

"Why you didn't do anything

with such tremendous early warning?"

he say, "I didn't want to bother the chief of staff, he was busy."

Really?

Because Eli Zeira, he thought they would attack us

only if they have enough air cover provided by the Russians,

and the air cover is not yet ready.

Eli Zeira didn't believe Ashraf Marwan's warnings.

The inquiry committee,

they concluded Eli Zeira...

...bore the main responsibility for the failure in the war.

Eli Zeira was ousted from active service.

And he left the country. He went with his family to the US.

About 13 years after the war, Eli published his book.

He came to the conclusion that Marwan

was a double agent and his real employers were the Egyptians and not the Israelis.

Eli Zeira,

he want to find a scapegoat.

All the stories about the double agent,

it stems from Eli Zeira.

He want to justify himself.

I am furious about him.

What can I do?

I actually spoke to Zeira yesterday. Zeira said, "All that is facts."

So?

What do you want to prove?

I'll, uh... I'll, uh... I'll throw it away.

He said, "On October 4th, at early afternoon, the Soviets started..."

Listen...

Can you stop here? I'll tell you...

off...

When Zeira wanted to rehabilitate himself,

he started talking to journalists, writers,

and he gave them some hints.

One day he asked me for a meeting.

He tried to feed me also with this false bullshit,

uh, of double agent.

I listened to him and I told him, "Eli, you are wrong.

You are feeding false information

just for your pride, hubris, ego, whatever,"

and I didn't write the story because I have more integrity.

But why kill a good story with the facts?

And Ronnie Bregman believed Eli Zeira...

published the name in El a Ran and spread he was a double agent.

About a month after the murder...

there was a major development.

There were three witnesses,

and they were sitting in a room which overlooked the balcony,

just 20 yards from his home.

So, I presume witness Joseph Rapasi would have been sitting here,

because he had the direct view of the balcony.

He saw from the corner of his eye something fall

but they then rushed over to the window,

looked down and could see Ashraf Marwan's body.

And it was then that he saw two shadowy figures,

Middle Eastern appearance looking over the balcony.

I flew to Hungary and met Rapasi in Budapest,

and he did confirm to me that that was his story,

which, of course, deepened the mystery.

At the time, it was a major development,

because it looked as if it could be,

if they were people of Middle Eastern appearance,

maybe they could be Egyptian secret services,

and it did fuel speculation about who had possibly killed him.

After the meeting in the Intercontinental Hotel in London,

Ashraf, he would phone from time to time.

I think he was... lonely.

He could not have discussed it with Mona, his wife,

he could not have discussed his spy games

with his kids or friends, so, ironically, he had me,

the person who exposed him in the first place.

Ashraf had strange habits.

He would phone me and keep quiet...

...listening to my voice at the other end of the line,

putting down the phone,

ring again and start a conversation.

The more Ashraf asked personal questions about family and kids,

the more concerned I became for him.

Because as long as he was the Son-in-Law with no face,

I did not care about him as a human being.

But now I had a relationship with him,

I knew about his operations, about the family, about the kids,

that I became very worried that something might happen to him,

that perhaps the Egyptians would not buy into my story

of him being their perfect spy,

the double agent, and they would try to hurt him,

or perhaps the Mossad might do a stupid thing.

I spent sleepless nights concerned about what could happen.

I thought that if anything happened to him it would be on my conscience,

and ironically, from trying to unmask this super spy,

I started looking for ways to protect him.

Anything which was said about him, to report to him,

so he could take precautions.

All my work, my lectures, my writing, my family, all was put aside.

He became the first priority.

By that time, I was so worried

that something would happen to him that I would just look for

anything written about him, and he would get the articles and usually just phone back and ask a few questions,

because most of them were in Hebrew.

On one occasion something was published in Israel,

the article is about Ashraf Marwan shaking hands

with Egypt's President Mubarak.

And the title is,

"The man... There is Mossad's man in Cairo."

"And why did Mubarak hug the person

who is regarded as the best Mossad agent in Egypt?"

I thought the Egyptians might want to have revenge.

I sent it to Ashraf, and when he got it,

he phoned me from a taxi...

and he just shouted and actually cried.

“Why are they doing it to me?

They, the Mossad, is trying to drive a wedge

between me and Mubarak, and this is their revenge

for me misleading them.”

He was so upset that even I became very upset.

Do you think he was upset because Israel's story was a lie?

Yes. And then he said,

"There was no one spy,

we were a group of 40 people whose task it was

to feed the Israelis."

"There was no single double agent. There was Egypt."

He told me about the medals he received from Sadat.

Wow. It was huge. I couldn't believe it.

But he was scared.

He told me he feared for his life, and I just realized

what a stupid thing it was to unmask a living spy.

But Ronnie, you told me that the higher value

of unmasking Marwan was about staying true to history,

and having an accurate record of what happened.

The truth of the matter... when I unmasked Marwan,

I couldn't care less about history,

I just cared about a huge scoop that I had.

He wanted, as he put it, the story to die.

Let's open up another chapter of this conversation

that will be published.

Ashraf Marwan, Dr Ashraf Marwan...

You think he's a double agent. Yes.

But everyone who checked up on the issue says there is no chance in hell!

They say he was not a double agent, he was our agent.

Zeira published a new version of his book,

and to promote the book, he went to a television studio

and he said...

Regarding Marwan, he gave us excellent information,

right up until the time of war, then he fucked us over.

An interview with Commander Eli Zeira here on this show about the Yom Kippur War

made an earthquake in the intelligence community.

Head of the Mossad, Zvi Zamir, answers back.

Zamir called him a liar. "You lie."

He, Eli Zeira, is censoring information!

He releases information that reflects,

you know what, his sick state of mind!

So, Zeira took him to court for libel,

so Zamir countered by taking Zeira to court for libel.

So, there were two libel cases.

The Mossad realized that it's getting out of hand.

These two elderly gentlemen which were compared

to those who are sitting on the balcony

in the market shops, quarreling and spilling secrets...

So, the Mossad said, "Let's go to arbitration."

I was invited to the arbitration by General Eli Zeira,

who paid for my flight ticket, by the way.

Zeira wanted me to tell the judge that he was not my source,

which was correct.

But the judge asked me about Zeira's book, to which I said,

"Yes, it was an important source."

The lawyer of the head of the Mossad took out this book

and waved it in the air.

I understood that was a big mistake to admit...

that the book was my source, because for the judge,

the book and Eli Zeira were basically the same.

So stupid to be brought there all the way from London

to give testimony to protect Zeira, and, in fact,

I was the one who put, indirectly, the blame on Zeira

by saying that his book was one of my most important sources.

It was very embarrassing, in fact.

After all that...

Yeah.

Terrible.

It's amazing. It's not amazing, Tommy.

It's terrible.

Everyone thinks that I'm clever.

I was so stupid.

And Zeira lost.

And then came a big mistake.

The judge wrote a report where openly he stated

that Ashraf Marwan was a Mossad agent.

This is the report of the judge, Zeira versus Zamir.

Here, look, Ashraf's name is mentioned many times,

which was terrible.

Here they say there was a top agent...

who was handled by the Mossad.

"The agent, or Marwan..."

And they expose him, his name, here.

So, he is mentioned in this report so many times.

As long as a historian, Ahron Bregman, said what he said about Marwan,

this was bad but not the end of the world.

But the moment a judge says...

"the agent, Marwan,"

this was official.

When I saw it, the report, online,

I nearly fell off my chair.

His life was in real danger.

I sent a fax message to Ashraf Marwan to phone me.

I collected my son, put him in front of the television.

The telephone answering machine was flashing.

Message received today at 1:52 p.m.

And I was taken aback when I heard Ashraf's own voice.

Hello, hi.

Hello. About your book, if you could call me back...

on my mobile. Thank you.

It was very unusual.

Ashraf was a real spy, spies don't leave messages...

...and then a second message.

Please. Hello, can you call me?

It's about your book. Thank you.

To return the call using the...

DR. I could see that he was...

...under pressure.

Please.

Hello, can you call me? It's about your book.

Thank you.

Almost one after the other.

Message received today at 3:11 p.m.

Hello, hi, good afternoon.

If you could call me, I'm the subject of your book.

Thank you.

To listen to the message again...

I've known him for five years.

This was the first time that he left messages

on my answering machine.

I took out my old tape recorder and I, for the first time,

decided to record the conversation.

I dialed the number, my finger was shaking.

He picked up the phone.

Hello, my friend.

I'm okay, and how are you?

Yes, sure. Absolutely.

Yes, yes. Absolutely, yes.

Bye-bye.

He asked me to phone him again.

"Put it down."

And two minutes later...

I'm talking to myself two minutes later...

and he is not answering, which was strange.

I was very concerned that he said to me, "Phone me again,"

and then I tried again... So, something

is happening in the room when I am talking to him.

You see, I am waiting for him.

And two minutes later...

Third time.

What's happening in the room?

Are you there, you know?

I phoned him, he said, "Phone me again."

I'm trying and trying and trying.

Hi, hello.

No, no, no. Don't worry.

So, um, the report of the judge came out...

and there are details there. This is the bottom line.

Ashraf wanted the story to die,

what he gets here is a report from me that his story

is very much alive,

and I'm sure that he is very stressed.

I am sure that he is very worried.

It's awful for him.

Are you in England?

Tomorrow, I will be in town. I will be at King's College.

If you want to meet, we can meet, but it's up to you.

Okay, my friend. All the best.

Bye-bye. Bye-bye.

I am shaking.

This is one of the rare events where people pay with their lives.

He paid with his life,

and he didn't deserve it.

After the death of Ashraf Marwan,

Ronnie was in shock.

I felt big pain. It was very painful when he died.

I spent hours in the mountains thinking about it,

reflecting about it.

His death was my failure to protect him.

This is how I looked at it.

I flew to interview Ronnie Bregman.

We had a very lengthy conversation, he said, "Maybe it's my fault."

Then we talked a lot in details with all these arguments

which I raised before.

At the end of it, Ronnie told me, "You know, Yossi? You are right.

I don't believe anymore that he was a double agent,

you convinced me."

Eli had a clique of journalists surrounding him.

And among them, one historian.

If you ask me, and I'm not just saying this,

these people are disgusting.

Why?

Because these people distort the truth.

Yeah, the funeral.

They asked me, "Okay, he got such an Egypt funeral.

With all the leadership coming with black suits.

His widow stand there. All the high echelon passed by her,

kissing her or whispering..."

They asked me, "How could it be that this is a traitor?"

I watched many mafia movies.

When the mafia killed one of their members,

all the dons are passing by the widow, whispering,

"We will give you money," "We will give you money."

The funeral of Ashraf Marwan...

reminds me the same.

This is Westminster Coroner Court

where there was a three-day hearing to decide a verdict

on the death of Ashraf Marwan.

During the inquest, it was mentioned he had been writing his memoirs.

I had seen where the memoirs were supposed

to have been stored on the shelf and they'd disappeared,

according to the family, on the day that he died.

Now, in those memoirs he was expected to discuss his role

in the October War.

Of course, he was going to reject

the allegation that he was a Mossad agent,

but they'd disappeared, according to the family.

The Marwan family, through their lawyer,

asked me to appear before the coroner.

I was sitting where the coroner listened to the testimonies

and it was quite confusing,

and my mind was telling me, "Wow, it was a murder."

And then a minute later, "No, it was an accident."

And then, "No, it was a suicide."

And to sit there with the family, at the back of my mind,

there was the question, "What was my responsibility?"

It was a very unpleasant experience.

There was a three-day hearing to decide,

and at the end of it,

the coroner handed down an open verdict on his death.

Which the family were very pleased about,

because it allowed the family to rule out suicide. I did feel for Mona, she was devastated.

Madame Mona, what was the hardest moment in your life?

Two moments...

...the death of my father and my mother,

and the loss of Ashraf.

But at the end of the day, as his wife, I lost him,

but at the same time, I feel grateful

that I could be with him for 30 years.

So if he was in touch with Israel,

then it was out of orders from the Egyptian side?

This is not even to be questioned;

I am not going to defend something that I don't need to.

This is something that I am sure of 100 percent,

not even just 100 percent...

Everyone fought in his or her way.

Ashraf Marwan in Egypt is regarded as a patriot

who worked for Sadat to deceive the Israelis.

Basically, by giving Egypt a four-hour lead in the 1973 war,

but Israel regard him as a national hero.

Double is very hard to believe.

In my opinion, he was ours.

The Israeli side of things is supported by evidence,

the Egyptian side has yet to present its own record,

and only when both of them are available can we decide

which is the more authentic version of the story.

The question is: Why is the Egyptian Intelligence Services,

50 years down the line, not releasing any shred of evidence

about Ashraf Marwan?

The fact that we do not have any evidence

is really not about Ashraf Marwan.

It is about the fact that if the Egyptians release any documents,

it will establish a precedent that the public can have a say on how

the Egyptian State should be transparent,

that it should be accountable, and the Egyptian State

doesn't want to establish this precedent at all.

Even though, by not revealing anything about Ashraf Marwan,

it can be still raising suspicion that, in fact,

he was an Israeli spy rather than a double agent.

The Ashraf Marwan story, this is not the real story.

This is a side story of something that is much bigger.

The Egyptian people, they want to know the truth.

We have the full report of the meeting

between Zamir and Ashraf Marwan just released by the Israelis.

There are five pages, enough information

for the two schools of thought to find enough elements

to support their own theory.

I always believed Ashraf was a double agent,

I never doubted that.

I don't understand why he's still sticking

to this bullshit theory of a double agent.

I can understand that maybe at the beginning

he was under this spell and the impression of Eli Zeira.

Fine. But then, after he already admitted

in our conversation, he was almost crying.

I don't know. It's an enigma for me.

Yossi told me that he convinced you

Ashraf was not a double agent.

I don't think that this was the case.

Yossi believes in what he believes, along with the Mossad.

The truth, it's in the eye of the beholder.

The fact that he is not ready to...

face the real story and to...

to have the courage and the guts to say, "I was mistaken,"

it's his problem with his conscience.

Unmasking the name of a human source,

it's a sin.

What would you say to him?

"Go to hell, bastard!"

Really. "Go to hell, bastard!"

"How dare you?"

Because you don't put in danger a human being

because you want to be famous.

When it comes to the story of Ashraf Marwan

there is no ego in me.

The Mossad, they can't give up on their story of Ashraf.

And when I'm in bed at night, as you put it,

I don't really think about whether or not he was double.

I lost interest in this question, Tommy.

It's about the pain which I inflicted on him

in unmasking him.

I just want you to ponder a question, though,

is still believing that he's a double agent,

is it not easier to believe that,

because then everything you went through

would at least then not be for nothing?

What impact did this have on your marriage?

Of course, I divorced,

but it was not because of the Marwan story.

But I think, in hindsight, it does have impact, because it's a secret.

My then wife, when she came to know about it,

she had the common sense to tell me that it will end in tears.

But it was, of course... it was too late.

And by that time, the train already left the station.

Maybe your fish, they want to have more food.

They love food.

My fish, if I open this one, they jump.

Do they? Yeah.

They are guppies. You know, guppies like to jump.

But with them they jump and I can save them...

...because I just bring them from the floor and put them back.

Look. Look how many of them.

This afternoon historic documents

concluding the Treaty of Peace between the Arab Republic of Egypt

and the State of Israel will be signed.

It's better to have the three of us together.

Very good.

I'm so proud of both of you.

God bless you both.

Thank you, Mr. President.