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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:09,960 --> 00:00:12,160 (DRAMATIC MUSIC) 2 00:00:13,240 --> 00:00:15,320 NARRATOR: Animals have taken to the air 3 00:00:15,360 --> 00:00:16,000 in ways we can only dream of... 4 00:00:16,000 --> 00:00:18,240 in ways we can only dream of... 5 00:00:21,520 --> 00:00:23,600 (WHIMSICAL MUSIC) 6 00:00:23,640 --> 00:00:24,000 ..and conquered the skies. 7 00:00:24,000 --> 00:00:26,040 ..and conquered the skies. 8 00:00:28,320 --> 00:00:30,960 With determination and courage, 9 00:00:31,000 --> 00:00:32,000 they've dared to defy gravity. 10 00:00:32,000 --> 00:00:33,720 they've dared to defy gravity. 11 00:00:36,360 --> 00:00:40,000 Opening up a whole new world of opportunity... 12 00:00:40,000 --> 00:00:40,320 Opening up a whole new world of opportunity... 13 00:00:44,320 --> 00:00:46,600 and danger. 14 00:00:50,720 --> 00:00:52,440 (MUSIC SLOWS) 15 00:00:52,480 --> 00:00:54,520 (MAJESTIC MUSIC) 16 00:00:55,640 --> 00:00:56,000 (GENTLE BUZZING) 17 00:00:56,000 --> 00:00:57,160 (GENTLE BUZZING) 18 00:00:58,440 --> 00:01:00,360 (TWEETING) 19 00:01:00,400 --> 00:01:01,640 (WINGS FLAPPING) 20 00:01:01,680 --> 00:01:04,000 Whether it's to find food... 21 00:01:04,000 --> 00:01:04,200 Whether it's to find food... 22 00:01:07,920 --> 00:01:09,760 escape predators... 23 00:01:13,920 --> 00:01:16,520 or secure the next generation... 24 00:01:19,200 --> 00:01:20,000 every flying creature 25 00:01:20,000 --> 00:01:22,160 every flying creature 26 00:01:22,200 --> 00:01:24,480 hopes to gain the advantage 27 00:01:24,520 --> 00:01:26,920 by reaching skyward. 28 00:01:34,760 --> 00:01:36,000 A flight path is rarely a straightforward A to B. 29 00:01:36,000 --> 00:01:37,920 A flight path is rarely a straightforward A to B. 30 00:01:40,600 --> 00:01:43,600 When overcoming formidable obstacles... 31 00:01:45,640 --> 00:01:47,800 sharing airspace with a crowd... 32 00:01:49,160 --> 00:01:52,000 or navigating thousands of miles... 33 00:01:52,000 --> 00:01:52,520 or navigating thousands of miles... 34 00:01:53,920 --> 00:01:56,440 forging a successful route through the air... 35 00:01:57,440 --> 00:01:59,800 requires special skills. 36 00:02:01,400 --> 00:02:03,520 Meet the remarkable animals 37 00:02:03,560 --> 00:02:05,360 with the ultimate super power. 38 00:02:19,760 --> 00:02:23,360 Life in the air can be filled with obstacles. 39 00:02:24,480 --> 00:02:26,600 For a woodland hunter to survive 40 00:02:26,640 --> 00:02:28,640 requires agility. 41 00:02:28,680 --> 00:02:30,800 (WIND WHOOSHES) 42 00:02:35,880 --> 00:02:38,080 (SCREECHES) 43 00:02:38,120 --> 00:02:40,000 This Northern Goshawk... (SCREECHES) 44 00:02:40,000 --> 00:02:41,040 This Northern Goshawk... (SCREECHES) 45 00:02:41,080 --> 00:02:43,760 ..is a forest specialist. 46 00:02:45,640 --> 00:02:47,960 He has a 3D mental map 47 00:02:48,000 --> 00:02:49,720 of this dense labyrinth. 48 00:02:53,360 --> 00:02:55,760 Every tree, boulder, 49 00:02:55,800 --> 00:02:56,000 and escape route has been memorised; 50 00:02:56,000 --> 00:02:58,560 and escape route has been memorised; 51 00:02:59,680 --> 00:03:04,000 creating a blueprint to find prey hidden deep in the forest. 52 00:03:04,000 --> 00:03:04,280 creating a blueprint to find prey hidden deep in the forest. 53 00:03:08,080 --> 00:03:11,880 He has everything he needs for the job at hand. 54 00:03:13,960 --> 00:03:16,520 Acute binocular vision... 55 00:03:17,640 --> 00:03:20,000 a powerful muscular chest, 56 00:03:20,000 --> 00:03:20,520 a powerful muscular chest, 57 00:03:20,560 --> 00:03:22,960 and razor-sharp talons. 58 00:03:24,400 --> 00:03:26,720 This hunter... 59 00:03:26,760 --> 00:03:28,000 is built for the kill. (SCREECHES) 60 00:03:28,000 --> 00:03:29,720 is built for the kill. (SCREECHES) 61 00:03:32,840 --> 00:03:34,840 (FAST-PACED DRAMATIC MUSIC) 62 00:03:39,960 --> 00:03:42,440 He has breakneck acceleration. 63 00:03:46,160 --> 00:03:48,240 With just a few wingbeats... 64 00:03:49,840 --> 00:03:52,000 he reaches over 60 kilometres an hour. 65 00:03:52,000 --> 00:03:52,920 he reaches over 60 kilometres an hour. 66 00:03:59,360 --> 00:04:00,000 At these speeds, a collision would be fatal. 67 00:04:00,000 --> 00:04:02,760 At these speeds, a collision would be fatal. 68 00:04:04,280 --> 00:04:08,000 But he can process and react to obstacles... 69 00:04:08,920 --> 00:04:11,280 at lightning speed. 70 00:04:11,320 --> 00:04:13,320 (MUSIC SLOWS) 71 00:04:13,360 --> 00:04:16,000 Essential for rapid banking turns. 72 00:04:16,000 --> 00:04:16,520 Essential for rapid banking turns. 73 00:04:17,200 --> 00:04:19,200 (FAST-PACED MUSIC RESUMES) 74 00:04:23,760 --> 00:04:24,000 He is adapted for tight airspaces. 75 00:04:24,000 --> 00:04:26,760 He is adapted for tight airspaces. 76 00:04:39,000 --> 00:04:40,000 But these aerobatics 77 00:04:40,000 --> 00:04:40,880 But these aerobatics 78 00:04:40,920 --> 00:04:43,480 use up valuable energy... 79 00:04:45,640 --> 00:04:47,400 (SQUEAKING SOFTLY) 80 00:04:48,360 --> 00:04:51,160 ..and he needs to find a substantial meal. 81 00:04:53,560 --> 00:04:56,000 Most hunts end in failure, 82 00:04:56,000 --> 00:04:56,360 Most hunts end in failure, 83 00:04:56,400 --> 00:04:58,960 so he must choose his prey wisely. 84 00:05:00,400 --> 00:05:04,000 And these are mere morsels. 85 00:05:07,720 --> 00:05:10,680 The goshawk is a patient predator... 86 00:05:11,880 --> 00:05:12,000 who knows the forest offers greater rewards. 87 00:05:12,000 --> 00:05:14,680 who knows the forest offers greater rewards. 88 00:05:18,720 --> 00:05:20,000 And this one's worth a chase. 89 00:05:20,000 --> 00:05:21,320 And this one's worth a chase. 90 00:05:26,360 --> 00:05:28,000 (DETERMINED MUSIC) 91 00:05:28,000 --> 00:05:28,360 (DETERMINED MUSIC) 92 00:05:32,480 --> 00:05:35,280 He selects a quick, but risky trajectory. 93 00:05:41,440 --> 00:05:43,280 His tail feathers spread out 94 00:05:43,320 --> 00:05:44,000 to give him enough lift to stay airborne. 95 00:05:44,000 --> 00:05:45,920 to give him enough lift to stay airborne. 96 00:05:47,440 --> 00:05:50,400 There is nowhere left to hide. 97 00:05:52,760 --> 00:05:54,760 (SCREECHES) 98 00:06:02,000 --> 00:06:05,560 Mastering nature's toughest obstacle course 99 00:06:05,600 --> 00:06:08,000 may appear to be the ultimate test of agility. 100 00:06:08,000 --> 00:06:08,520 may appear to be the ultimate test of agility. 101 00:06:12,200 --> 00:06:14,760 But one creature follows a flight path 102 00:06:14,800 --> 00:06:16,000 that seems impossible. 103 00:06:16,000 --> 00:06:16,760 that seems impossible. 104 00:06:20,040 --> 00:06:22,040 (GENTLE MUSIC) 105 00:06:24,600 --> 00:06:29,200 Iguazu Falls forms the border of Argentina and Brazil. 106 00:06:32,520 --> 00:06:35,440 A towering curtain of whitewater. 107 00:06:37,840 --> 00:06:39,840 (MAJESTIC MUSIC SWELLS) 108 00:06:46,760 --> 00:06:48,000 In the rainy season, 109 00:06:48,000 --> 00:06:48,240 In the rainy season, 110 00:06:48,280 --> 00:06:50,680 it is at its most powerful. 111 00:06:56,080 --> 00:06:59,080 But despite this, some aerial acrobats 112 00:06:59,120 --> 00:07:00,600 make it their home. 113 00:07:02,680 --> 00:07:04,000 These are great dusky swifts. 114 00:07:04,000 --> 00:07:05,680 These are great dusky swifts. 115 00:07:07,600 --> 00:07:10,160 3,000 strong. 116 00:07:20,040 --> 00:07:22,800 It's the height of the breeding season, 117 00:07:22,840 --> 00:07:25,000 which draws in predators. 118 00:07:25,040 --> 00:07:26,960 (TENSE MUSIC) 119 00:07:27,000 --> 00:07:28,000 Kites are on the hunt. 120 00:07:28,000 --> 00:07:29,600 Kites are on the hunt. 121 00:07:31,240 --> 00:07:34,480 The swifts need a safe place to land. 122 00:07:36,240 --> 00:07:40,560 But here, a protected perch is hard to find. 123 00:07:44,600 --> 00:07:46,880 The swifts have a tactic... 124 00:07:47,880 --> 00:07:50,640 to go where the kites cannot follow. 125 00:08:03,920 --> 00:08:06,680 By angling their bodies to reduce water hitting their wings, 126 00:08:06,720 --> 00:08:08,000 they can manoeuvre through the falls. 127 00:08:08,000 --> 00:08:09,880 they can manoeuvre through the falls. 128 00:08:17,720 --> 00:08:20,520 Then steer away from the wall of rock behind. 129 00:08:24,320 --> 00:08:26,720 Fanning out their wings to slow down... 130 00:08:29,800 --> 00:08:32,000 the swifts use their tails like rudders, to steer. 131 00:08:32,000 --> 00:08:33,080 the swifts use their tails like rudders, to steer. 132 00:08:40,840 --> 00:08:43,840 Failure could be fatal. 133 00:08:50,920 --> 00:08:53,200 But success... 134 00:08:53,240 --> 00:08:55,680 offers a hidden world... 135 00:08:56,800 --> 00:08:58,800 ideal for nesting. 136 00:09:06,680 --> 00:09:08,760 Behind the falls, 137 00:09:08,800 --> 00:09:10,680 there is fierce competition. 138 00:09:12,280 --> 00:09:14,200 Space here is at a premium. 139 00:09:28,960 --> 00:09:30,920 Only the most experienced, 140 00:09:30,960 --> 00:09:33,360 like this male, have a nest. 141 00:09:35,680 --> 00:09:36,000 His perch has cover from predators, 142 00:09:36,000 --> 00:09:38,440 His perch has cover from predators, 143 00:09:38,480 --> 00:09:41,280 but isn't too close to the deadly rapids. 144 00:09:45,120 --> 00:09:48,120 His partner has been protecting the nest. 145 00:09:48,160 --> 00:09:51,480 Now, they must swap roles. 146 00:09:51,520 --> 00:09:52,000 It is his turn to look after their prized possession: 147 00:09:52,000 --> 00:09:55,080 It is his turn to look after their prized possession: 148 00:09:57,480 --> 00:09:59,680 One precious egg. 149 00:10:02,160 --> 00:10:05,040 But before this female heads off to feed, 150 00:10:05,080 --> 00:10:06,880 she needs to prepare. 151 00:10:12,000 --> 00:10:14,600 She'll be hunting insects all day... 152 00:10:16,080 --> 00:10:19,160 and that requires wings in tip top condition. 153 00:10:24,840 --> 00:10:28,040 The high-pressure water keeps her cool, 154 00:10:28,080 --> 00:10:31,080 and removes dirt and parasites from her feathers. 155 00:10:37,360 --> 00:10:40,000 Now all she needs is a take off point. 156 00:10:40,000 --> 00:10:40,080 Now all she needs is a take off point. 157 00:10:40,120 --> 00:10:42,320 (CHITTERING) 158 00:10:46,840 --> 00:10:48,000 And there is no room for error. 159 00:10:48,000 --> 00:10:49,040 And there is no room for error. 160 00:10:56,520 --> 00:10:59,960 Spreading her wings, she leaps... 161 00:11:00,000 --> 00:11:03,240 leaving the protection of the cliff face behind. 162 00:11:09,600 --> 00:11:12,000 The couples' dance with danger 163 00:11:12,000 --> 00:11:12,080 The couples' dance with danger 164 00:11:12,120 --> 00:11:15,880 is worth the protection it provides them 165 00:11:15,920 --> 00:11:18,640 to successfully rear their chick. 166 00:11:27,280 --> 00:11:28,000 Few animals are natural born aeronauts. 167 00:11:28,000 --> 00:11:30,680 Few animals are natural born aeronauts. 168 00:11:32,200 --> 00:11:35,520 Many must learn to overcome nature's obstacles. 169 00:11:36,400 --> 00:11:39,800 A challenge, when you don't have wings. 170 00:11:42,800 --> 00:11:44,000 The dense rainforests of Thailand. 171 00:11:44,000 --> 00:11:45,560 The dense rainforests of Thailand. 172 00:11:46,480 --> 00:11:50,080 A tangled landscape of natural skyscrapers. 173 00:11:52,560 --> 00:11:54,760 (ANIMAL WHOOPS) 174 00:11:57,760 --> 00:12:00,000 Home to this female lar gibbon. 175 00:12:00,000 --> 00:12:00,680 Home to this female lar gibbon. 176 00:12:00,720 --> 00:12:02,600 (LAR GIBBON SINGS) 177 00:12:02,640 --> 00:12:06,120 Her morning song floats through the treetops with ease. 178 00:12:06,160 --> 00:12:08,000 (SINGS) 179 00:12:08,000 --> 00:12:08,480 (SINGS) 180 00:12:11,200 --> 00:12:13,600 But travelling through this dense canopy 181 00:12:13,640 --> 00:12:15,240 isn't as simple. 182 00:12:18,360 --> 00:12:21,400 The best food is found in the tree crowns, 183 00:12:21,440 --> 00:12:24,000 but these are high and spaced far apart. 184 00:12:24,000 --> 00:12:24,440 but these are high and spaced far apart. 185 00:12:25,960 --> 00:12:30,280 To access them, she must bridge these gaps. 186 00:12:30,320 --> 00:12:32,000 (SINGING CONTINUES) 187 00:12:32,000 --> 00:12:32,320 (SINGING CONTINUES) 188 00:12:35,440 --> 00:12:38,000 (INQUISITIVE MUSIC) 189 00:12:45,360 --> 00:12:48,000 Using a technique known as brachiation, 190 00:12:48,000 --> 00:12:48,280 Using a technique known as brachiation, 191 00:12:48,320 --> 00:12:50,920 she swings from branch to branch. 192 00:12:54,600 --> 00:12:56,000 A specialised ball and socket joint in the wrist 193 00:12:56,000 --> 00:12:57,920 A specialised ball and socket joint in the wrist 194 00:12:57,960 --> 00:12:59,920 allows her to swivel, 195 00:12:59,960 --> 00:13:01,960 building momentum. 196 00:13:04,800 --> 00:13:08,440 For gaps in the canopy that are too large to traverse, 197 00:13:08,480 --> 00:13:10,800 she has a secret weapon: 198 00:13:15,920 --> 00:13:17,640 Power. 199 00:13:18,440 --> 00:13:20,000 For her size, 200 00:13:20,000 --> 00:13:20,120 For her size, 201 00:13:20,160 --> 00:13:22,840 she puts more energy into a jump... 202 00:13:24,120 --> 00:13:27,200 than any other mammal on Earth. 203 00:13:31,800 --> 00:13:34,400 These 15 metre leaps 204 00:13:34,440 --> 00:13:36,000 are the only way a gibbon can reach the best food. 205 00:13:36,000 --> 00:13:37,840 are the only way a gibbon can reach the best food. 206 00:13:45,560 --> 00:13:48,760 But she was not born with this aerial skill. 207 00:13:49,920 --> 00:13:51,920 It's something she had to learn. 208 00:13:58,160 --> 00:14:00,000 And now her son must learn, too. 209 00:14:00,000 --> 00:14:00,960 And now her son must learn, too. 210 00:14:05,000 --> 00:14:08,000 His last hurdle to becoming king of the swingers. 211 00:14:08,000 --> 00:14:09,400 His last hurdle to becoming king of the swingers. 212 00:14:20,040 --> 00:14:23,640 He is the baby of a close-knit family of three, 213 00:14:23,680 --> 00:14:24,000 and relies on his mum and sister 214 00:14:24,000 --> 00:14:26,120 and relies on his mum and sister 215 00:14:26,160 --> 00:14:28,160 to find him food. 216 00:14:33,080 --> 00:14:36,600 Mum's grooming reinforces their bonds. 217 00:14:37,880 --> 00:14:40,000 But it won't help him with what he really needs to learn. 218 00:14:40,000 --> 00:14:41,240 But it won't help him with what he really needs to learn. 219 00:14:46,920 --> 00:14:48,000 Following his sister into the jungle 220 00:14:48,000 --> 00:14:49,520 Following his sister into the jungle 221 00:14:49,560 --> 00:14:51,520 is far more important. 222 00:14:55,600 --> 00:14:56,000 Today, this toddler must make a big leap 223 00:14:56,000 --> 00:14:59,280 Today, this toddler must make a big leap 224 00:14:59,320 --> 00:15:01,080 for the first time. 225 00:15:01,120 --> 00:15:03,120 (EXCITING MUSIC) 226 00:15:07,880 --> 00:15:09,840 To do that, he needs to learn 227 00:15:09,880 --> 00:15:12,000 two essential skills from his sister. 228 00:15:12,000 --> 00:15:12,560 two essential skills from his sister. 229 00:15:18,160 --> 00:15:20,000 First, she shows him how to reach a high take off point. 230 00:15:20,000 --> 00:15:21,960 First, she shows him how to reach a high take off point. 231 00:15:25,520 --> 00:15:27,480 She is so adept at climbing, 232 00:15:27,520 --> 00:15:28,000 that even in this maze of branches, 233 00:15:28,000 --> 00:15:29,800 that even in this maze of branches, 234 00:15:29,840 --> 00:15:33,440 she can hit almost 60 kilometres per hour. 235 00:15:37,920 --> 00:15:40,840 Second requires a vital skill. 236 00:15:47,560 --> 00:15:49,680 For a successful jump... 237 00:15:52,560 --> 00:15:54,560 he needs an iron grip. 238 00:15:56,360 --> 00:15:59,320 So he practises his landing 239 00:15:59,360 --> 00:16:00,000 using handholds within easy reach 240 00:16:00,000 --> 00:16:02,600 using handholds within easy reach 241 00:16:02,640 --> 00:16:05,000 to develop his quick reactions. 242 00:16:12,760 --> 00:16:14,960 Time to put everything together. 243 00:16:17,560 --> 00:16:19,920 He must trust his powerful legs 244 00:16:19,960 --> 00:16:23,160 and leap 15 metres. 245 00:16:26,120 --> 00:16:28,120 (APPREHENSIVE MUSIC) 246 00:16:29,600 --> 00:16:32,000 But falling from this high in the canopy... 247 00:16:32,000 --> 00:16:32,360 But falling from this high in the canopy... 248 00:16:34,200 --> 00:16:36,000 could spell disaster. 249 00:16:40,840 --> 00:16:43,040 He must gather all his courage. 250 00:16:59,160 --> 00:17:01,360 (MUSIC PAUSES) 251 00:17:05,440 --> 00:17:07,440 (UPLIFTING MUSIC) 252 00:17:12,440 --> 00:17:15,200 He's passed the final test! 253 00:17:21,320 --> 00:17:23,280 He can now reap the rewards 254 00:17:23,320 --> 00:17:25,720 of a bountiful rainforest. 255 00:17:31,840 --> 00:17:35,040 In time, he'll need to head out alone. 256 00:17:41,800 --> 00:17:43,080 But for now, 257 00:17:43,120 --> 00:17:44,000 this toddler will stay under the watchful gaze of his mother. 258 00:17:44,000 --> 00:17:47,840 this toddler will stay under the watchful gaze of his mother. 259 00:17:59,120 --> 00:18:00,000 Forging a flight path as an individual 260 00:18:00,000 --> 00:18:01,080 Forging a flight path as an individual 261 00:18:01,120 --> 00:18:02,920 has its advantages. 262 00:18:04,600 --> 00:18:06,200 But sometimes, 263 00:18:06,240 --> 00:18:08,000 the safest way to travel is in a group. 264 00:18:08,000 --> 00:18:09,720 the safest way to travel is in a group. 265 00:18:12,800 --> 00:18:15,400 And in these crowded skies... 266 00:18:17,760 --> 00:18:20,960 coordination is key to survival. 267 00:18:28,480 --> 00:18:31,280 On the crisp, winter shores of England... 268 00:18:33,040 --> 00:18:36,840 this female starling is finishing up a day of foraging. 269 00:18:42,480 --> 00:18:45,200 As dusk draws close, 270 00:18:45,240 --> 00:18:47,800 she must return to her communal roost. 271 00:18:47,840 --> 00:18:48,000 (BIRDS SQUAWKING) 272 00:18:48,000 --> 00:18:49,560 (BIRDS SQUAWKING) 273 00:18:50,800 --> 00:18:52,520 But first... 274 00:18:54,920 --> 00:18:56,000 she joins a nightly ritual. 275 00:18:56,000 --> 00:18:57,160 she joins a nightly ritual. 276 00:18:58,360 --> 00:19:00,360 (UPLIFTING MUSIC) 277 00:19:03,520 --> 00:19:04,000 Meeting mid-air, 278 00:19:04,000 --> 00:19:05,800 Meeting mid-air, 279 00:19:05,840 --> 00:19:08,240 smaller flocks join together. 280 00:19:19,120 --> 00:19:20,000 Above the twinkling glow of Brighton Pier, 281 00:19:20,000 --> 00:19:22,680 Above the twinkling glow of Brighton Pier, 282 00:19:22,720 --> 00:19:25,320 a murmuration forms. 283 00:19:28,960 --> 00:19:30,920 So named for the hum 284 00:19:30,960 --> 00:19:33,960 of thousands of delicate wingbeats. 285 00:19:37,480 --> 00:19:39,480 (MESMERISING INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC) 286 00:19:44,000 --> 00:19:45,960 It is still not fully understood 287 00:19:46,000 --> 00:19:47,960 why starlings murmurate. 288 00:19:49,400 --> 00:19:51,160 But the swooping mass 289 00:19:51,200 --> 00:19:52,000 acts as a visual invitation 290 00:19:52,000 --> 00:19:53,880 acts as a visual invitation 291 00:19:53,920 --> 00:19:56,120 for more to join the group. 292 00:20:13,160 --> 00:20:15,960 Murmurations have no leader 293 00:20:16,000 --> 00:20:18,000 and follow no plan. 294 00:20:27,720 --> 00:20:30,400 Each starling can respond to the movements 295 00:20:30,440 --> 00:20:32,000 of its immediate neighbours 296 00:20:32,000 --> 00:20:32,240 of its immediate neighbours 297 00:20:32,280 --> 00:20:34,160 in an instant. 298 00:20:34,200 --> 00:20:36,200 (MESMERISING INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC) 299 00:20:59,360 --> 00:21:01,360 (MUSIC FADES) 300 00:21:03,000 --> 00:21:04,000 A peregrine falcon. 301 00:21:04,000 --> 00:21:04,960 A peregrine falcon. 302 00:21:05,000 --> 00:21:07,000 (FOREBODING MUSIC) 303 00:21:14,520 --> 00:21:18,080 In response, the starlings tightly contract. 304 00:21:24,120 --> 00:21:26,120 (MUSIC DARKENS) 305 00:21:30,960 --> 00:21:33,720 Becoming one, synchronised group 306 00:21:33,760 --> 00:21:36,000 prevents individuals from being singled out. 307 00:21:36,000 --> 00:21:36,760 prevents individuals from being singled out. 308 00:21:41,840 --> 00:21:44,000 With so many eyes on the lookout, 309 00:21:44,000 --> 00:21:44,360 With so many eyes on the lookout, 310 00:21:44,400 --> 00:21:47,000 the flock can steer away from the threat. 311 00:21:54,320 --> 00:21:56,320 (MUSIC SOFTENS) 312 00:21:57,960 --> 00:22:00,000 Unable to lock onto a target... 313 00:22:00,000 --> 00:22:00,360 Unable to lock onto a target... 314 00:22:02,120 --> 00:22:05,120 the peregrine abandons the chase. 315 00:22:13,920 --> 00:22:16,000 With a final shape shift, 316 00:22:16,000 --> 00:22:16,440 With a final shape shift, 317 00:22:16,480 --> 00:22:19,280 the flock returns to the roost. 318 00:22:43,000 --> 00:22:45,760 Their tightly-coordinated flight path 319 00:22:45,800 --> 00:22:48,000 brings every bird back home 320 00:22:48,000 --> 00:22:48,080 brings every bird back home 321 00:22:48,120 --> 00:22:51,160 safe and sound for the night. 322 00:22:51,200 --> 00:22:53,200 (BIRDS CHIRPING) 323 00:23:02,080 --> 00:23:04,000 Thousands moving as one is a spectacle of synchrony. 324 00:23:04,000 --> 00:23:05,800 Thousands moving as one is a spectacle of synchrony. 325 00:23:11,040 --> 00:23:12,000 But coordination is taken to new heights 326 00:23:12,000 --> 00:23:13,840 But coordination is taken to new heights 327 00:23:13,880 --> 00:23:17,440 by a group that numbers in the millions. 328 00:23:17,480 --> 00:23:19,480 (BIRDS CHIRPING, CALLING) 329 00:23:23,360 --> 00:23:25,520 Hidden in the heart of Texas... 330 00:23:26,200 --> 00:23:28,000 is Bracken Cave. 331 00:23:28,000 --> 00:23:28,160 is Bracken Cave. 332 00:23:28,200 --> 00:23:30,400 (CHIRPING LOUDENS SLOWLY) 333 00:23:33,440 --> 00:23:36,000 Home to the world's largest congregation of mammals. 334 00:23:36,000 --> 00:23:37,920 Home to the world's largest congregation of mammals. 335 00:23:41,120 --> 00:23:43,120 (GENTLE MUSIC) 336 00:23:45,120 --> 00:23:48,320 Dusk is the best time for these free tailed bats 337 00:23:48,360 --> 00:23:50,160 to hunt insects. 338 00:24:07,560 --> 00:24:08,000 20 million emerge as one. 339 00:24:08,000 --> 00:24:10,720 20 million emerge as one. 340 00:24:12,200 --> 00:24:14,200 (EPIC INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC) 341 00:24:27,960 --> 00:24:30,240 In this crowded sky, 342 00:24:30,280 --> 00:24:32,000 each bat must forge its own path 343 00:24:32,000 --> 00:24:33,440 each bat must forge its own path 344 00:24:33,480 --> 00:24:35,080 to find food. 345 00:24:37,480 --> 00:24:39,680 As they twist and swirl, 346 00:24:39,720 --> 00:24:40,000 they form a batnado. 347 00:24:40,000 --> 00:24:42,000 they form a batnado. 348 00:24:51,600 --> 00:24:55,360 To avoid collision, each bat emits a sound. 349 00:24:56,720 --> 00:24:58,280 The returning echo 350 00:24:58,320 --> 00:25:01,720 allows them to build an instant 3D map. 351 00:25:01,760 --> 00:25:03,960 (HIGH-PITCHED CLICKING) 352 00:25:05,920 --> 00:25:08,920 Bats in the middle produce higher frequencies 353 00:25:08,960 --> 00:25:10,760 than those on the edge. 354 00:25:12,120 --> 00:25:14,240 (HIGH-PITCHED SQUEAKS) 355 00:25:14,280 --> 00:25:16,600 And the safest place to be 356 00:25:16,640 --> 00:25:19,080 is in the eye of the storm. 357 00:25:23,080 --> 00:25:25,800 But some bats get pushed to the edge, 358 00:25:25,840 --> 00:25:28,000 putting them on a collision course with danger. 359 00:25:28,000 --> 00:25:28,720 putting them on a collision course with danger. 360 00:25:28,760 --> 00:25:30,760 (FOREBODING MUSIC) 361 00:25:34,840 --> 00:25:36,000 This disorientated female is vulnerable. 362 00:25:36,000 --> 00:25:38,440 This disorientated female is vulnerable. 363 00:25:40,560 --> 00:25:42,800 A coachwhip snake. 364 00:25:42,840 --> 00:25:44,000 The bat must quickly find a high take off point. 365 00:25:44,000 --> 00:25:47,000 The bat must quickly find a high take off point. 366 00:25:56,840 --> 00:25:59,160 She must move carefully. 367 00:26:00,400 --> 00:26:02,600 Coachwhips hunt by sight. 368 00:26:05,240 --> 00:26:08,000 And another bat has caught the snake's attention. 369 00:26:08,000 --> 00:26:08,640 And another bat has caught the snake's attention. 370 00:26:19,640 --> 00:26:22,040 A lucky break for her... 371 00:26:22,640 --> 00:26:24,000 not so lucky for others. 372 00:26:24,000 --> 00:26:25,040 not so lucky for others. 373 00:26:35,000 --> 00:26:38,520 The dangers are not just on the ground. 374 00:26:38,560 --> 00:26:40,000 (APPREHENSIVE MUSIC) 375 00:26:40,000 --> 00:26:40,560 (APPREHENSIVE MUSIC) 376 00:26:43,640 --> 00:26:45,640 (BIRD CALLS) 377 00:27:08,560 --> 00:27:11,880 It may look like easy pickings for these raptors... 378 00:27:16,040 --> 00:27:18,800 but being part of a huge group 379 00:27:18,840 --> 00:27:20,000 offers an advantage. 380 00:27:20,000 --> 00:27:21,040 offers an advantage. 381 00:27:22,160 --> 00:27:24,320 The individual risk of being targeted 382 00:27:24,360 --> 00:27:26,560 is incredibly low. 383 00:27:32,200 --> 00:27:33,800 Every season, 384 00:27:33,840 --> 00:27:36,000 less than half a percent of the total population is taken. 385 00:27:36,000 --> 00:27:37,840 less than half a percent of the total population is taken. 386 00:27:41,240 --> 00:27:44,000 A drop in the ocean for this enormous colony. 387 00:27:44,000 --> 00:27:44,840 A drop in the ocean for this enormous colony. 388 00:27:49,400 --> 00:27:52,000 The key to any individual's survival 389 00:27:52,000 --> 00:27:52,400 The key to any individual's survival 390 00:27:52,440 --> 00:27:55,440 is blending in to the crowd. 391 00:27:59,080 --> 00:28:00,000 Each bat is so well adapted to life on the wing 392 00:28:00,000 --> 00:28:02,960 Each bat is so well adapted to life on the wing 393 00:28:03,000 --> 00:28:07,240 that this colony catches over 130,000 kilos 394 00:28:07,280 --> 00:28:08,000 of flying insects 395 00:28:08,000 --> 00:28:09,360 of flying insects 396 00:28:09,400 --> 00:28:11,400 every single night. 397 00:28:13,080 --> 00:28:15,080 (UPLIFTING MUSIC) 398 00:28:20,840 --> 00:28:22,640 (MUSIC FADES, ENDS) 399 00:28:28,280 --> 00:28:31,360 Whether part of a group or flying solo... 400 00:28:31,400 --> 00:28:32,000 (UPLIFTING MUSIC) 401 00:28:32,000 --> 00:28:33,320 (UPLIFTING MUSIC) 402 00:28:33,360 --> 00:28:35,360 ..aeronauts stay on course 403 00:28:35,400 --> 00:28:38,080 thanks to remarkable adaptations. 404 00:28:41,240 --> 00:28:43,720 And the longest flight paths of all 405 00:28:43,760 --> 00:28:45,960 require something special: 406 00:28:48,720 --> 00:28:52,520 The ingenuity of navigation. 407 00:28:54,560 --> 00:28:56,000 (MUSIC SOBERS) 408 00:28:56,000 --> 00:28:56,760 (MUSIC SOBERS) 409 00:29:02,360 --> 00:29:04,000 The Namib is the world's oldest desert. 410 00:29:04,000 --> 00:29:05,720 The Namib is the world's oldest desert. 411 00:29:15,320 --> 00:29:17,840 This Southern African landscape 412 00:29:17,880 --> 00:29:20,000 is one of the driest places on Earth. 413 00:29:20,000 --> 00:29:21,480 is one of the driest places on Earth. 414 00:29:28,040 --> 00:29:30,840 Only the most resilient can survive. 415 00:29:34,720 --> 00:29:36,000 A pair of Namaqua Sandgrouse. 416 00:29:36,000 --> 00:29:37,640 A pair of Namaqua Sandgrouse. 417 00:29:41,760 --> 00:29:44,000 Committed parents, who nest in this parched landscape 418 00:29:44,000 --> 00:29:45,840 Committed parents, who nest in this parched landscape 419 00:29:45,880 --> 00:29:48,080 as it's safe from predators. 420 00:29:49,320 --> 00:29:52,000 But there's a price for this sanctuary: 421 00:29:52,000 --> 00:29:52,440 But there's a price for this sanctuary: 422 00:29:52,480 --> 00:29:54,600 It's far from water. 423 00:29:57,000 --> 00:30:00,000 And now, there are three thirsty mouths. 424 00:30:00,000 --> 00:30:00,400 And now, there are three thirsty mouths. 425 00:30:02,440 --> 00:30:05,120 Even with a sliver of shade from their mother, 426 00:30:05,160 --> 00:30:08,000 the chicks will only survive a few hours without liquid. 427 00:30:08,000 --> 00:30:08,520 the chicks will only survive a few hours without liquid. 428 00:30:10,960 --> 00:30:13,600 At midday, the Namib Desert 429 00:30:13,640 --> 00:30:16,000 can hit a scorching 50 degrees Celsius. 430 00:30:16,000 --> 00:30:17,480 can hit a scorching 50 degrees Celsius. 431 00:30:25,080 --> 00:30:28,240 So, this dedicated father 432 00:30:28,280 --> 00:30:30,920 must race against time to find water... 433 00:30:32,000 --> 00:30:34,360 and then bring it home... 434 00:30:35,520 --> 00:30:39,120 on a journey of over 150 kilometres. 435 00:30:44,280 --> 00:30:46,280 (DETERMINED MUSIC) 436 00:30:49,040 --> 00:30:51,160 He has memorised a route. 437 00:30:52,240 --> 00:30:54,960 Flying at over 60 kilometres an hour, 438 00:30:55,000 --> 00:30:56,000 riverbeds and mountains guide him to water. 439 00:30:56,000 --> 00:30:58,400 riverbeds and mountains guide him to water. 440 00:31:03,520 --> 00:31:04,000 But this devoted dad 441 00:31:04,000 --> 00:31:06,080 But this devoted dad 442 00:31:06,120 --> 00:31:08,400 knows the key to success 443 00:31:08,440 --> 00:31:12,000 means stopping just short of his destination... 444 00:31:12,000 --> 00:31:12,240 means stopping just short of his destination... 445 00:31:13,720 --> 00:31:15,720 to gather backup. 446 00:31:24,360 --> 00:31:26,960 There is safety in numbers, 447 00:31:27,000 --> 00:31:28,000 as an oasis in the desert 448 00:31:28,000 --> 00:31:28,800 as an oasis in the desert 449 00:31:28,840 --> 00:31:32,000 can attract unwanted attention. 450 00:31:38,080 --> 00:31:40,360 Time is of the essence. 451 00:31:51,680 --> 00:31:52,000 The young chicks' father 452 00:31:52,000 --> 00:31:53,480 The young chicks' father 453 00:31:53,520 --> 00:31:55,600 has seconds to drink enough water 454 00:31:55,640 --> 00:31:57,640 to last him a day. 455 00:32:02,920 --> 00:32:05,880 He's forever on high alert. 456 00:32:07,800 --> 00:32:08,000 And for good reason. 457 00:32:08,000 --> 00:32:09,800 And for good reason. 458 00:32:20,680 --> 00:32:23,000 Even hidden in the flock, 459 00:32:23,040 --> 00:32:24,000 every bird is in danger. 460 00:32:24,000 --> 00:32:25,640 every bird is in danger. 461 00:32:31,960 --> 00:32:32,000 The dad has escaped the eagle this time... 462 00:32:32,000 --> 00:32:34,680 The dad has escaped the eagle this time... 463 00:32:36,280 --> 00:32:39,080 but he still needs to gather water. 464 00:32:42,080 --> 00:32:46,200 That means returning to the danger of the waterhole. 465 00:32:47,160 --> 00:32:48,000 His family's survival depends on it. 466 00:32:48,000 --> 00:32:49,520 His family's survival depends on it. 467 00:33:09,400 --> 00:33:12,000 Sandgrouse are the only birds in the world 468 00:33:12,000 --> 00:33:12,880 Sandgrouse are the only birds in the world 469 00:33:12,920 --> 00:33:16,640 with the ability to carry water in their feathers. 470 00:33:19,920 --> 00:33:20,000 His chest acts like a sponge. 471 00:33:20,000 --> 00:33:22,400 His chest acts like a sponge. 472 00:33:26,320 --> 00:33:28,000 But carrying liquid adds extra weight... 473 00:33:28,000 --> 00:33:29,440 But carrying liquid adds extra weight... 474 00:33:34,200 --> 00:33:36,000 making it harder... 475 00:33:36,000 --> 00:33:36,040 making it harder... 476 00:33:37,320 --> 00:33:40,520 to accelerate away from danger. 477 00:33:40,560 --> 00:33:42,560 (FOREBODING MUSIC) 478 00:33:53,720 --> 00:33:55,720 (SANDGROUSE SQUAWKS) 479 00:34:03,160 --> 00:34:06,960 Half of the water can evaporate on the journey home, 480 00:34:07,000 --> 00:34:08,000 so he must retrace his flight from memory 481 00:34:08,000 --> 00:34:10,760 so he must retrace his flight from memory 482 00:34:10,800 --> 00:34:13,400 to quickly find his way back to his family. 483 00:34:17,840 --> 00:34:21,280 He's reached the nest with enough water 484 00:34:21,320 --> 00:34:24,000 for all three chicks to take their fill. 485 00:34:24,000 --> 00:34:24,320 for all three chicks to take their fill. 486 00:34:27,160 --> 00:34:30,000 But when the sun rises tomorrow, 487 00:34:30,040 --> 00:34:32,000 he must make this perilous journey 488 00:34:32,000 --> 00:34:32,960 he must make this perilous journey 489 00:34:33,000 --> 00:34:35,000 all over again. 490 00:34:42,480 --> 00:34:46,160 Using navigation to ensure the survival of your family 491 00:34:46,200 --> 00:34:48,000 is an immense challenge. 492 00:34:48,000 --> 00:34:48,080 is an immense challenge. 493 00:34:49,080 --> 00:34:52,160 A responsibility that becomes even greater... 494 00:34:52,840 --> 00:34:56,000 when your family numbers 60,000. 495 00:34:56,000 --> 00:34:56,600 when your family numbers 60,000. 496 00:34:56,640 --> 00:34:58,640 (BUZZING) 497 00:35:05,040 --> 00:35:09,200 99% of the bees in this cavernous honeycomb hive 498 00:35:09,240 --> 00:35:11,240 are female workers. 499 00:35:13,520 --> 00:35:16,880 Tirelessly handling all day-to-day tasks 500 00:35:16,920 --> 00:35:19,720 to ensure the survival of the colony. 501 00:35:22,840 --> 00:35:25,040 And key to the hive's success 502 00:35:25,080 --> 00:35:27,080 is this scout. 503 00:35:29,400 --> 00:35:32,000 A master of navigation. 504 00:35:34,240 --> 00:35:36,000 Her mission is to source anything the colony needs 505 00:35:36,000 --> 00:35:37,960 Her mission is to source anything the colony needs 506 00:35:38,000 --> 00:35:40,920 and report its location back to the hive. 507 00:35:43,560 --> 00:35:44,000 Top of the list is nectar. 508 00:35:44,000 --> 00:35:45,960 Top of the list is nectar. 509 00:35:49,320 --> 00:35:52,000 The lifeblood of the entire colony. 510 00:35:52,000 --> 00:35:52,320 The lifeblood of the entire colony. 511 00:35:55,840 --> 00:35:58,960 Almost all wildflower meadows in England 512 00:35:59,000 --> 00:36:00,000 have disappeared. 513 00:36:00,000 --> 00:36:01,160 have disappeared. 514 00:36:01,920 --> 00:36:03,960 So, competition for what remains 515 00:36:04,000 --> 00:36:05,800 is fierce. 516 00:36:10,920 --> 00:36:13,320 The fate of her colony hinges 517 00:36:13,360 --> 00:36:15,680 on finding a new source of food. 518 00:36:17,920 --> 00:36:20,520 She can travel eight kilometres 519 00:36:20,560 --> 00:36:22,240 on foraging trips. 520 00:36:27,080 --> 00:36:30,520 Her brain may only be the size of a sesame seed, 521 00:36:30,560 --> 00:36:32,000 but she is one of the smartest insects on the planet. 522 00:36:32,000 --> 00:36:35,720 but she is one of the smartest insects on the planet. 523 00:36:45,080 --> 00:36:47,640 Even with nectar in short supply, 524 00:36:47,680 --> 00:36:48,000 she is still choosy. 525 00:36:48,000 --> 00:36:49,560 she is still choosy. 526 00:36:55,400 --> 00:36:56,000 She is a flower analyst 527 00:36:56,000 --> 00:36:58,000 She is a flower analyst 528 00:36:58,040 --> 00:37:01,760 who can see ultraviolet light. 529 00:37:06,120 --> 00:37:08,120 Patterns on petals, 530 00:37:08,160 --> 00:37:10,120 invisible to the human eye, 531 00:37:10,160 --> 00:37:11,720 act like a beacon, 532 00:37:11,760 --> 00:37:12,000 directing her to rich sources of nectar. 533 00:37:12,000 --> 00:37:14,840 directing her to rich sources of nectar. 534 00:37:20,120 --> 00:37:21,800 As a final test, 535 00:37:21,840 --> 00:37:23,560 she samples the product 536 00:37:23,600 --> 00:37:25,520 to check it's good enough. 537 00:37:31,880 --> 00:37:34,680 Electrostatic sensors in her antennae 538 00:37:34,720 --> 00:37:36,000 indicate whether the flower has already been visited 539 00:37:36,000 --> 00:37:38,040 indicate whether the flower has already been visited 540 00:37:38,080 --> 00:37:39,880 by another bee. 541 00:37:43,440 --> 00:37:44,000 She's not the only one in this meadow. 542 00:37:44,000 --> 00:37:46,240 She's not the only one in this meadow. 543 00:37:49,800 --> 00:37:52,000 Competition here is rife. 544 00:37:52,000 --> 00:37:52,480 Competition here is rife. 545 00:37:55,120 --> 00:37:58,560 Rival scouts are in a race to report their findings 546 00:37:58,600 --> 00:38:00,000 back to their own colonies. 547 00:38:00,000 --> 00:38:01,320 back to their own colonies. 548 00:38:01,360 --> 00:38:03,760 She needs to beat them home. 549 00:38:07,880 --> 00:38:08,000 This is where her remarkable navigation skills 550 00:38:08,000 --> 00:38:11,280 This is where her remarkable navigation skills 551 00:38:11,320 --> 00:38:13,120 truly shine. 552 00:38:13,160 --> 00:38:16,000 She has built a mental map of the meadow's location. 553 00:38:16,000 --> 00:38:16,840 She has built a mental map of the meadow's location. 554 00:38:18,360 --> 00:38:20,800 She uses the moving sun as a compass, 555 00:38:20,840 --> 00:38:24,000 and knows the distance back to her hive 556 00:38:24,000 --> 00:38:24,240 and knows the distance back to her hive 557 00:38:24,280 --> 00:38:26,680 based on her visual surroundings. 558 00:38:36,280 --> 00:38:39,080 Back home, there is no time to waste. 559 00:38:41,560 --> 00:38:45,600 It's now that her most remarkable ability comes into play. 560 00:38:48,160 --> 00:38:53,320 She accurately communicates the wildflower location to her sisters. 561 00:38:56,000 --> 00:38:58,320 And this is done... 562 00:38:58,360 --> 00:39:00,360 via a dance. 563 00:39:07,320 --> 00:39:09,160 The angle of her waggle 564 00:39:09,200 --> 00:39:12,000 shows them which direction to take in relation to the sun. 565 00:39:12,000 --> 00:39:12,600 shows them which direction to take in relation to the sun. 566 00:39:17,240 --> 00:39:20,000 The duration indicates the distance to the wildflower patch. 567 00:39:20,000 --> 00:39:21,760 The duration indicates the distance to the wildflower patch. 568 00:39:25,240 --> 00:39:26,840 A vigorous waggle 569 00:39:26,880 --> 00:39:28,000 confirms a high quality source of nectar. 570 00:39:28,000 --> 00:39:29,880 confirms a high quality source of nectar. 571 00:39:33,560 --> 00:39:35,640 And to top things off, 572 00:39:35,680 --> 00:39:36,000 a taster of what's on offer. 573 00:39:36,000 --> 00:39:38,280 a taster of what's on offer. 574 00:39:41,600 --> 00:39:43,560 She is so successful 575 00:39:43,600 --> 00:39:44,000 at relaying information 576 00:39:44,000 --> 00:39:45,520 at relaying information 577 00:39:45,560 --> 00:39:48,480 that the recruits can now fly directly 578 00:39:48,520 --> 00:39:50,720 to her bounty of nectar. 579 00:39:52,400 --> 00:39:56,120 This colony will visit over a million flowers 580 00:39:56,160 --> 00:39:58,880 and cover a distance equivalent to flying 581 00:39:58,920 --> 00:40:00,000 around the world... twice. 582 00:40:00,000 --> 00:40:02,120 around the world... twice. 583 00:40:04,440 --> 00:40:07,760 Just to make one jar of honey. 584 00:40:17,280 --> 00:40:19,760 Reliable directions can make the difference 585 00:40:19,800 --> 00:40:22,280 between success and failure. 586 00:40:24,160 --> 00:40:27,120 Especially if the path you must follow 587 00:40:27,160 --> 00:40:28,960 is ever changing. 588 00:40:31,400 --> 00:40:32,000 The Indian Ocean covers a fifth of the planet. 589 00:40:32,000 --> 00:40:34,720 The Indian Ocean covers a fifth of the planet. 590 00:40:36,280 --> 00:40:38,280 (WAVES CRASH) 591 00:40:40,040 --> 00:40:42,280 So vast, traversing it 592 00:40:42,320 --> 00:40:44,720 requires a special skill set. 593 00:40:51,240 --> 00:40:53,320 At its western fringes 594 00:40:53,360 --> 00:40:55,720 lies Bird Island. 595 00:40:55,760 --> 00:40:56,000 (BIRDS CALLING) 596 00:40:56,000 --> 00:40:58,160 (BIRDS CALLING) 597 00:40:58,200 --> 00:41:02,600 This is the largest Cape Gannet colony in the world; 598 00:41:02,640 --> 00:41:04,000 200,000 strong. 599 00:41:04,000 --> 00:41:06,120 200,000 strong. 600 00:41:11,880 --> 00:41:12,000 The breeding season is drawing to a close, 601 00:41:12,000 --> 00:41:15,480 The breeding season is drawing to a close, 602 00:41:15,520 --> 00:41:18,640 and soon, the island will be deserted. 603 00:41:21,120 --> 00:41:24,880 But for now, the draw of an ocean bounty 604 00:41:24,920 --> 00:41:28,000 keeps these neighbours living cheek by jowl. 605 00:41:28,000 --> 00:41:28,120 keeps these neighbours living cheek by jowl. 606 00:41:30,800 --> 00:41:33,000 (SOFT, INQUISITIVE MUSIC) (SQUAWKING) 607 00:41:47,280 --> 00:41:50,680 This mother is waiting patiently for her partner to return... 608 00:41:54,280 --> 00:41:57,240 standing guard over their one chick. 609 00:42:01,640 --> 00:42:04,680 They'll feed him just a few more times 610 00:42:04,720 --> 00:42:06,720 before he must go it alone. 611 00:42:13,040 --> 00:42:14,760 Her partner returns 612 00:42:14,800 --> 00:42:16,000 after a successful fishing trip. 613 00:42:16,000 --> 00:42:17,000 after a successful fishing trip. 614 00:42:25,600 --> 00:42:27,640 As soon as he hits the ground, 615 00:42:27,680 --> 00:42:30,080 their chick begs for food. 616 00:42:30,120 --> 00:42:32,000 (CHIRPING) 617 00:42:32,000 --> 00:42:32,320 (CHIRPING) 618 00:42:44,280 --> 00:42:47,680 Dad now turns his attention to his partner. 619 00:42:49,560 --> 00:42:51,560 (PLEASANT MUSIC) 620 00:42:52,800 --> 00:42:55,760 They greet with an elaborate display. 621 00:42:59,040 --> 00:43:00,520 A bird ballet, 622 00:43:00,560 --> 00:43:02,240 where they bow, 623 00:43:02,280 --> 00:43:04,000 bill fence, and preen one another. 624 00:43:04,000 --> 00:43:05,120 bill fence, and preen one another. 625 00:43:13,880 --> 00:43:17,000 But these may be more than symbolic gestures. 626 00:43:17,920 --> 00:43:20,000 It is thought the male is providing a hidden message. 627 00:43:20,000 --> 00:43:22,040 It is thought the male is providing a hidden message. 628 00:43:26,080 --> 00:43:28,000 New research suggests that the length of the dance, 629 00:43:28,000 --> 00:43:30,200 New research suggests that the length of the dance, 630 00:43:30,240 --> 00:43:32,680 and the time spent preening, 631 00:43:32,720 --> 00:43:35,240 may provide a rough set of directions 632 00:43:35,280 --> 00:43:36,000 to his latest feeding grounds. 633 00:43:36,000 --> 00:43:37,760 to his latest feeding grounds. 634 00:43:40,600 --> 00:43:44,000 The female points to the sky in a farewell gesture. 635 00:43:44,000 --> 00:43:44,480 The female points to the sky in a farewell gesture. 636 00:43:44,520 --> 00:43:47,360 It's her turn to find food. 637 00:43:50,600 --> 00:43:52,000 To take off, she needs a runway. 638 00:43:52,000 --> 00:43:53,200 To take off, she needs a runway. 639 00:43:54,560 --> 00:43:57,720 But finding a way through the crowd isn't easy. 640 00:44:02,160 --> 00:44:05,840 Traffic and road rage are common. 641 00:44:08,800 --> 00:44:10,600 (HONKING) 642 00:44:33,960 --> 00:44:36,600 She joins forces with other birds 643 00:44:36,640 --> 00:44:39,880 to look for fish in the featureless ocean. 644 00:44:44,880 --> 00:44:48,000 The flock navigates up to 450 kilometres 645 00:44:48,000 --> 00:44:49,160 The flock navigates up to 450 kilometres 646 00:44:49,200 --> 00:44:51,240 on a single foraging trip. 647 00:45:01,120 --> 00:45:03,480 Flying in a V formation, 648 00:45:03,520 --> 00:45:04,000 her wingtips sense the trail of air 649 00:45:04,000 --> 00:45:06,960 her wingtips sense the trail of air 650 00:45:07,000 --> 00:45:09,440 left behind from the bird in front. 651 00:45:11,920 --> 00:45:12,000 By staying close 652 00:45:12,000 --> 00:45:13,480 By staying close 653 00:45:13,520 --> 00:45:15,760 and syncing up wing beats, 654 00:45:15,800 --> 00:45:17,800 she gets a free ride. 655 00:45:22,400 --> 00:45:25,800 This fishing squadron is after sardines. 656 00:45:26,920 --> 00:45:28,000 But with only basic directions from her partner, 657 00:45:28,000 --> 00:45:30,160 But with only basic directions from her partner, 658 00:45:30,200 --> 00:45:32,200 they are difficult to find. 659 00:45:33,160 --> 00:45:35,720 So, gannets have learnt to follow 660 00:45:35,760 --> 00:45:36,000 an underwater hunter. 661 00:45:36,000 --> 00:45:37,960 an underwater hunter. 662 00:45:38,000 --> 00:45:40,000 (DRAMATIC MUSIC) 663 00:45:47,640 --> 00:45:49,640 (MUSIC SWELLS) 664 00:45:55,720 --> 00:45:58,760 A super-pod of common dolphins... 665 00:46:01,560 --> 00:46:03,960 on the hunt for migrating fish. 666 00:46:07,880 --> 00:46:08,000 And they're chasing a huge shoal. 667 00:46:08,000 --> 00:46:11,240 And they're chasing a huge shoal. 668 00:46:17,360 --> 00:46:20,320 The dolphins circle a smaller group of fish... 669 00:46:21,640 --> 00:46:23,760 corralling them to the surface... 670 00:46:26,480 --> 00:46:28,720 lining them up perfectly 671 00:46:28,760 --> 00:46:32,000 for this determined mother. 672 00:46:32,000 --> 00:46:32,080 for this determined mother. 673 00:46:36,880 --> 00:46:39,080 She free falls 674 00:46:39,120 --> 00:46:40,000 at 100 kilometres per hour. 675 00:46:40,000 --> 00:46:42,000 at 100 kilometres per hour. 676 00:46:43,680 --> 00:46:45,720 (EPIC MUSIC) 677 00:46:45,760 --> 00:46:48,000 Experiencing greater G forces 678 00:46:48,000 --> 00:46:48,720 Experiencing greater G forces 679 00:46:48,760 --> 00:46:51,000 than an astronaut on take-off. 680 00:46:51,040 --> 00:46:53,040 (DOLPHINS SQUEAK) 681 00:46:55,520 --> 00:46:56,000 (BIRDS CALLING) 682 00:46:56,000 --> 00:46:57,520 (BIRDS CALLING) 683 00:47:10,200 --> 00:47:12,000 Gannets' eyes are adapted to see perfectly underwater. 684 00:47:12,000 --> 00:47:14,240 Gannets' eyes are adapted to see perfectly underwater. 685 00:47:16,240 --> 00:47:18,240 (EPIC MUSIC CONTINUES) 686 00:47:33,920 --> 00:47:35,920 With attacks on all fronts, 687 00:47:35,960 --> 00:47:36,000 the bait ball becomes tightly compact. 688 00:47:36,000 --> 00:47:38,800 the bait ball becomes tightly compact. 689 00:47:42,240 --> 00:47:44,000 (EPIC MUSIC CONTINUES) 690 00:47:44,000 --> 00:47:44,240 (EPIC MUSIC CONTINUES) 691 00:47:57,280 --> 00:47:59,280 (MUSIC STOPS ABRUPTLY) 692 00:48:04,640 --> 00:48:06,560 After just 10 minutes, 693 00:48:07,440 --> 00:48:08,000 the feeding frenzy is over. 694 00:48:08,000 --> 00:48:10,480 the feeding frenzy is over. 695 00:48:17,200 --> 00:48:19,800 Now the mother has taken her fill, 696 00:48:19,840 --> 00:48:22,120 she joins the rest of the colony 697 00:48:22,160 --> 00:48:24,000 to make the arduous journey home. 698 00:48:24,000 --> 00:48:24,520 to make the arduous journey home. 699 00:48:27,000 --> 00:48:29,000 (UPLIFTING MUSIC) 700 00:48:41,560 --> 00:48:44,640 She delivers her chick his farewell meal. 701 00:48:46,720 --> 00:48:48,000 He must now fend for himself. 702 00:48:48,000 --> 00:48:48,880 He must now fend for himself. 703 00:48:50,440 --> 00:48:52,000 In years to come, 704 00:48:52,040 --> 00:48:54,920 he too will navigate across the seas 705 00:48:54,960 --> 00:48:56,000 on a flight path of survival. 706 00:48:56,000 --> 00:48:57,360 on a flight path of survival. 707 00:49:09,440 --> 00:49:12,000 Animals across the planet 708 00:49:12,000 --> 00:49:12,120 Animals across the planet 709 00:49:12,160 --> 00:49:14,160 have forged highways through the air. 710 00:49:17,200 --> 00:49:19,040 Using key adaptations... 711 00:49:20,480 --> 00:49:23,640 they have mastered the most complex journeys. 712 00:49:25,160 --> 00:49:27,320 Through communication... 713 00:49:30,360 --> 00:49:32,120 coordination... 714 00:49:34,880 --> 00:49:36,000 and courage, 715 00:49:36,000 --> 00:49:36,640 and courage, 716 00:49:36,680 --> 00:49:38,920 airborne creatures 717 00:49:38,960 --> 00:49:41,360 have conquered the skies. 718 00:49:50,960 --> 00:49:52,000 The Airborne team have come to Puzzlewood 719 00:49:52,000 --> 00:49:53,840 The Airborne team have come to Puzzlewood 720 00:49:53,880 --> 00:49:56,200 in England's Forest of Dean. 721 00:49:56,240 --> 00:49:59,240 The perfect backdrop to film a Northern Goshawk. 722 00:50:00,680 --> 00:50:02,280 But the bird is so quick 723 00:50:02,320 --> 00:50:05,480 the crew needs some specialised kit to keep up with it. 724 00:50:07,000 --> 00:50:08,000 Wildlife cameraman, Chris Watts, 725 00:50:08,000 --> 00:50:09,280 Wildlife cameraman, Chris Watts, 726 00:50:09,320 --> 00:50:11,840 has purpose-built a camera system 727 00:50:11,880 --> 00:50:14,680 specifically to follow the goshawk in flight. 728 00:50:14,720 --> 00:50:16,000 Today is the first day 729 00:50:16,000 --> 00:50:16,920 Today is the first day 730 00:50:16,960 --> 00:50:18,920 we're setting up the cable-cam. 731 00:50:18,960 --> 00:50:20,840 It's basically a way we can... 732 00:50:20,880 --> 00:50:23,680 run a very high speed camera, which means a slow motion camera, 733 00:50:23,720 --> 00:50:24,000 through all these tight gaps and trees. 734 00:50:24,000 --> 00:50:26,840 through all these tight gaps and trees. 735 00:50:26,880 --> 00:50:29,160 This is actually the first time we've used this. 736 00:50:29,200 --> 00:50:31,840 Um, so hopefully it works. 737 00:50:33,040 --> 00:50:35,720 On a run this length, this cable-cam should be able to do 738 00:50:35,760 --> 00:50:37,840 maybe 50 miles an hour. So... 739 00:50:37,880 --> 00:50:40,000 hopefully, we can keep up with the bird. 740 00:50:40,000 --> 00:50:40,640 hopefully, we can keep up with the bird. 741 00:50:43,360 --> 00:50:45,000 High speed racing drones 742 00:50:45,040 --> 00:50:47,920 are the only way to get a bird's-eye view. 743 00:50:47,960 --> 00:50:48,000 We got two drones today. 744 00:50:48,000 --> 00:50:49,920 We got two drones today. 745 00:50:49,960 --> 00:50:52,240 This one here, this is for flying with the goshawk. 746 00:50:52,280 --> 00:50:56,000 And it's obviously super agile for weaving in and around the trees. 747 00:50:56,000 --> 00:50:56,600 And it's obviously super agile for weaving in and around the trees. 748 00:50:56,640 --> 00:50:58,640 The second drone, which we've got here, 749 00:50:58,680 --> 00:51:01,880 this is actually for simulating what the bird is seeing. 750 00:51:01,920 --> 00:51:03,600 So, the field of view is really wide, 751 00:51:03,640 --> 00:51:04,000 but the drone is as small as it can possibly be 752 00:51:04,000 --> 00:51:06,440 but the drone is as small as it can possibly be 753 00:51:06,480 --> 00:51:09,120 so that we can get through all those same amazing little gaps 754 00:51:09,160 --> 00:51:11,240 that the goshawk can get through. 755 00:51:16,080 --> 00:51:17,800 Equipment in place, 756 00:51:17,840 --> 00:51:20,000 there's still a problem. 757 00:51:20,000 --> 00:51:20,040 there's still a problem. 758 00:51:20,080 --> 00:51:22,280 A wild goshawk would never give us the chance 759 00:51:22,320 --> 00:51:24,720 to get close with all our filming equipment. 760 00:51:24,760 --> 00:51:27,280 The bird needs to be comfortable with flying underneath 761 00:51:27,320 --> 00:51:28,000 a cable-cam whizzing past it at 50 miles per hour 762 00:51:28,000 --> 00:51:30,160 a cable-cam whizzing past it at 50 miles per hour 763 00:51:30,200 --> 00:51:32,960 or an FPV drone a couple feet behind it. 764 00:51:33,000 --> 00:51:34,680 We want it to be really immersive 765 00:51:34,720 --> 00:51:36,000 and really pick apart how a bird can fly 766 00:51:36,000 --> 00:51:36,920 and really pick apart how a bird can fly 767 00:51:36,960 --> 00:51:40,640 so fast in such a tight forested environment. 768 00:51:41,360 --> 00:51:43,640 This is where bird specialists, 769 00:51:43,680 --> 00:51:44,000 Lloyd and Rose Buck, come in. 770 00:51:44,000 --> 00:51:46,200 Lloyd and Rose Buck, come in. 771 00:51:46,240 --> 00:51:48,680 Here we have Yuha, 772 00:51:48,720 --> 00:51:50,560 which is a Finnish name, actually, 773 00:51:50,600 --> 00:51:52,000 because he's a Scandinavian Finnish goshawk. 774 00:51:52,000 --> 00:51:53,000 because he's a Scandinavian Finnish goshawk. 775 00:51:53,040 --> 00:51:56,080 He's just coming up three years old. 776 00:51:56,120 --> 00:51:58,520 He's in super fit flying condition, 777 00:51:58,560 --> 00:52:00,000 and he's grown up 778 00:52:00,000 --> 00:52:00,600 and he's grown up 779 00:52:00,640 --> 00:52:03,160 with everything associated with filming. 780 00:52:03,200 --> 00:52:05,200 So, he's very unique in that respect. 781 00:52:06,320 --> 00:52:08,000 To get Yuha to follow a set path... 782 00:52:08,000 --> 00:52:08,840 To get Yuha to follow a set path... 783 00:52:08,880 --> 00:52:10,400 Yuha! 784 00:52:10,440 --> 00:52:13,080 ..Rose draws him in with an artificial lure. 785 00:52:13,120 --> 00:52:15,120 (DRAMATIC MUSIC BUILDS) 786 00:52:16,720 --> 00:52:18,960 With everything primed, 787 00:52:19,000 --> 00:52:22,000 the crew is ready to start filming. 788 00:52:26,680 --> 00:52:28,240 Go! 789 00:52:31,240 --> 00:52:32,000 (GROANS) 790 00:52:32,000 --> 00:52:33,920 (GROANS) 791 00:52:36,760 --> 00:52:39,320 Obviously, he's quite fast. 792 00:52:39,360 --> 00:52:40,000 Correct. 793 00:52:40,000 --> 00:52:40,720 Correct. 794 00:52:40,760 --> 00:52:43,680 (CHUCKLES) It's hard. 795 00:52:43,720 --> 00:52:46,360 Even with the latest tech, 796 00:52:46,400 --> 00:52:48,000 keeping up with a speedy goshawk 797 00:52:48,000 --> 00:52:48,480 keeping up with a speedy goshawk 798 00:52:48,520 --> 00:52:50,240 is a challenge. 799 00:52:50,280 --> 00:52:52,880 There's so many things that have got to fall into place. 800 00:52:52,920 --> 00:52:54,760 It's so quick. 801 00:52:54,800 --> 00:52:56,000 The bird's line has to be right. 802 00:52:56,000 --> 00:52:56,480 The bird's line has to be right. 803 00:52:56,520 --> 00:52:57,640 Go! 804 00:52:57,680 --> 00:52:59,840 Delete. 805 00:52:59,880 --> 00:53:02,480 The camera has to be in the right place at the right speed. 806 00:53:04,680 --> 00:53:08,120 It went a different way to what I set up for. 807 00:53:08,160 --> 00:53:10,040 Then we have to try to get it all in focus. 808 00:53:10,080 --> 00:53:11,160 Go! 809 00:53:11,200 --> 00:53:12,000 He's not sharp now. 810 00:53:12,000 --> 00:53:13,680 He's not sharp now. 811 00:53:13,720 --> 00:53:16,520 We thought it would be easy, but it's actually quite difficult. 812 00:53:16,560 --> 00:53:20,000 (CHUCKLES) So, it's a lot of stuff that has to fall into place at once. 813 00:53:20,000 --> 00:53:20,520 (CHUCKLES) So, it's a lot of stuff that has to fall into place at once. 814 00:53:20,560 --> 00:53:22,560 But yeah, we just got to keep going. 815 00:53:23,440 --> 00:53:25,240 (SQUAWKS) 816 00:53:28,000 --> 00:53:30,160 (GENTLE MUSIC) 817 00:53:30,200 --> 00:53:31,640 OK, we're ready. 818 00:53:31,680 --> 00:53:32,760 Go! 819 00:53:33,600 --> 00:53:35,480 With persistence 820 00:53:35,520 --> 00:53:36,000 and a lot of patience... 821 00:53:36,000 --> 00:53:37,560 and a lot of patience... 822 00:53:37,600 --> 00:53:39,920 Oh, nice. That's really nice. 823 00:53:39,960 --> 00:53:43,120 ..the crew begin to get the shots they hoped for. 824 00:53:43,160 --> 00:53:44,000 Woah! (LAUGHS) That's good! 825 00:53:44,000 --> 00:53:46,160 Woah! (LAUGHS) That's good! 826 00:53:46,200 --> 00:53:49,880 Look, he's swerving his tail. Wow. 827 00:53:49,920 --> 00:53:51,320 (INAUDIBLE) 828 00:53:51,360 --> 00:53:52,000 As the team get up to speed with Yuha... 829 00:53:52,000 --> 00:53:54,000 As the team get up to speed with Yuha... 830 00:53:54,040 --> 00:53:56,560 (SCREECHES) ..their shots get more ambitious. 831 00:53:58,840 --> 00:54:00,000 (LAUGHS) Nice. Alright. That's the shot. 832 00:54:00,000 --> 00:54:01,200 (LAUGHS) Nice. Alright. That's the shot. 833 00:54:02,560 --> 00:54:03,920 Go! 834 00:54:03,960 --> 00:54:07,360 Humans are far, far away from the abilities that the goshawks have. 835 00:54:07,400 --> 00:54:08,000 I mean, Yuha will just be coming round a tree sideways 836 00:54:08,000 --> 00:54:10,040 I mean, Yuha will just be coming round a tree sideways 837 00:54:10,080 --> 00:54:12,160 with his wings out, and, you know, even with all this 838 00:54:12,200 --> 00:54:14,080 amazing technology we've got, 839 00:54:14,120 --> 00:54:16,000 I'm still right on the very limit of what I can do. 840 00:54:16,000 --> 00:54:16,640 I'm still right on the very limit of what I can do. 841 00:54:16,680 --> 00:54:18,280 Just such an amazing bird. 842 00:54:19,520 --> 00:54:21,560 We're doing the thing we always dreamt of, 843 00:54:21,600 --> 00:54:22,840 is locking in on that speed, 844 00:54:22,880 --> 00:54:24,000 where the bird is not moving in frame and everything else is. 845 00:54:24,000 --> 00:54:26,960 where the bird is not moving in frame and everything else is. 846 00:54:27,000 --> 00:54:28,640 I'm super proud that we've managed 847 00:54:28,680 --> 00:54:30,840 to capture the goshawk's manoeuvrability. 848 00:54:30,880 --> 00:54:32,000 That's thanks to all the team 849 00:54:32,000 --> 00:54:32,400 That's thanks to all the team 850 00:54:32,440 --> 00:54:35,080 and everyone coming together, really. 851 00:54:35,120 --> 00:54:36,920 Having achieved their goal, 852 00:54:36,960 --> 00:54:39,920 the crew are left with a newfound appreciation 853 00:54:39,960 --> 00:54:40,000 for this airborne master. 854 00:54:40,000 --> 00:54:42,280 for this airborne master. 855 00:54:42,320 --> 00:54:44,320 (SCREECHES) 856 00:54:45,960 --> 00:54:47,880 (EPIC MUSIC) 857 00:55:07,120 --> 00:55:11,000 Subtitles by Sky Access Services www.skyaccessibility.sky 61790

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