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Eߣ�B��B��B�B�B��matroskaB��B��S�g �[M�t�M��S��I�fS��M��S��T�kS���M��S��S�kS���lM��S��T�gS�����O� I�f@�*ױ�B@M��libebml v1.3.6 + libmatroska v1.4.9WA�mkvmerge v26.0.0 ('In The Game') 32-bitD��AI״ Da��S#m�� {��Australia: Earth's Magical Kingdom [MVGroup]s���~;���Y�ѠR�@ T�k���ׁsň`d��{n������ �� ��S_TEXT/UTF8�D% C�u@�� `�ġ�� Cast adrift in the far reaches
of the Southern Hemisphere������� lies a continent separated
from all other lands...���C�u��/���� ..for 45 million years.��pC�u��J8����� Evolving in isolation,��������� nature has created
a unique world of wonders.��
xC�u��|������ Spiders that dance...��ؠ����� ..birds that spread fire...��C�u�炘������ ..where bouncing beats walking��p�����p and youngsters are carried
in pouches.�� �C�u�炳������ It's a world where
animals have had to adapt��
�����
to surprising diverse landscapes...�� C�u�������� ..and thrive in its vibrant seas...��C�u��퀠ɡÁ ..even making their homes
amongst the growing concrete jungle.���C�u@��h����� In this episode,��P�����P travelling the currents
that circle the continent,���š��X we discover what makes
Australia's coastline so special...��PC�u��>p����� ..and why sea creatures
from the world over��࠰���� are drawn to
Earth's Magical Kingdom.��C�u��q8�ϡɁ Australia's ocean wilderness is
one of the most extraordinary places��0�����0 on Earth.���C�u����ơ�� It spans three oceans and more
than 4 million square miles.�� C�u���Р���� But that wasn't always the case.��h�š��@ At one time, Australia was almost
double its current size,���C�u��Ϙ����� until the seas rose
to divide the land.��
�C�u��� �ϡɁ The mountains that remain became
Australia's 8,000 offshore islands.���C�u��%8����� Often remote and uninhabited,��
Ƞ͡ǁ
� today they provide space for rare
animals to congregate and breed.��HC�u��Jh�ɡÁ 40 miles off the coast of
South Australia lies Pearson Island.���C�u��jH����� It's the perfect place
for an Australian sea lion��������� to raise a pup.���C�u���࠳��� Not so long ago,
the Australian sea lion��h�����h was one of the rarest of its kind
in the world.��
�C�u��� ����� But they are thriving here.���C�u���`����� Protected from hunting,
this colony has become��0�����0 one of the healthiest in Australia.���C�u������� Currents from the Southern Ocean
bring cold,��������� nutrient-rich upwellings,
helping to create��`C�u���ȡ one of the world's least polluted
and best stocked waterways.���C�u��OX����� Ideal fishing grounds
for a sea lion mum.���C�u�����̡Ɓ The island's small, sandy bay
is the perfect nursery for her pup.���C�u���ȠɡÁ At four months, he's not confident
enough to follow his mother��𠢡��� into the waves just yet.���C�u��Ҙ�š�� So, he waits alone and watches
more experienced youngsters��Ƞ����� play in the shallows.��C�u�����ˡŁ Perhaps someone closer to his own
age will provide some company.���C�u��蠪��� But mothers can be protective...��HC�u��6p����� ..and fathers downright hostile.���C�u���h�ơ�� Mothers come ashore and reunite
with their pups for a feed.��hC�u��� ����� But his wait continues.��XC�u@���� Finally, in what might be described
as the toddler pool,��8�����8 he finds a playmate,
from a different species,��
�C�u��������� a long-nosed seal pup.��XC�u��蠾��� Sheltered rock pools provide
the perfect playground��
p�����
p for youngsters of both species.���C�u��L�ġ�� Play is only a short-term
distraction when you're hungry.��PC�u��q������ But his wait will soon be over.�� �C�u�����¡�� Sea lions are some of nature's
greatest ocean acrobats.��������� So, simply coming ashore
should be easy.��
�C�u���X�ǡ�� Pearson Island is characterised
by large, flat slabs of rock���C�u��������� lying just below
the water's surface.��hC�u���Ƞ���� A successful landing
calls for good timing.���C�u��]ؠ���� When the surf is this strong,�� 8����� 8 it's more prudent
to opt to the sandy beach.���C�u���(����� A feed at last.���C�u���H����� She will suckle her pup
for 18 months��8�����8 until he gains his independence
and can hunt alone��8C�u��������� in these abundant waters.��HC�u���p����� But, for some island residents,��p�����p there's no leaving
this rocky outpost.��
xC�u����ơ�� When rising seas created
this archipelago 10,000 years ago,��pC�u��+𠱡�� some of its inhabitants
were marooned,��������� stranded since the last Ice Age�� �C�u��A����� on what was once
an ancient mountain top.���C�u��T������ Including a particular type
of wallaby.��C�u��nX����� Now a unique subspecies,��
�͡ǁ
� the Pearson Island black-footed
rock wallaby ekes out an existence���C�u���Рʡā among the cracks and crevices
of this harsh, rocky environment.���C�u����ǡ�� With a population of 300
and no water source on this island,��p�����p every drop is worth squabbling over.��
�C�u�������� Their fluffy coats can become
matted into dreadlocks��`�����` like true castaways.���C�u��p�ɡÁ Unlike the sea lions, these
wallabies are stuck here for good.���C�u��,����� In the ocean,
animals have the freedom��
x�����
x to move and disperse
over vast distances.���C�u��B����� Sometimes they travel alone.��H�����H At other times
they form great gatherings.��hC�u��]�ˡŁ In the wide shallows of Spencer Gulf
on Australia's south coast,��hC�u��r������ June is the time for
an unusual midwinter gathering.���C�u��������� This garden of seaweeds and sponges��`�����` hosts a spectacle
unique to these waters.���C�u@��������� Giant cuttlefish,
a relative of the octopus,����ʡā� grow up to a metre long, making them
the largest of their kind.��PC�u�������� They are only found in Australia.��X������ Masters of disguise,��pC�u�� ����� they change the colour and texture
of their skin��������� to blend with their surroundings.��
(C�u�� 6p����� At this time of year, though,��������� it's all about standing out
from the crowd.���C�u�� X��ʡā This small patch of reef, less than
half a square mile in size,��@C�u�� m����� has been inundated
with thousands of courting cuttles.���C�u�� �ؠ���� But, with a ratio of 11 males
to every female,��𠰡��� not every male
is going to get lucky.���C�u�� ���ɡÁ This female has accepted the
protection of a large alpha male.���C�u@�� � ����� But now he must hold on
to his mating rights����š��� in the face of constant challenges
from persistent rivals.���C�u��
!H����� By splaying out his tentacles,
turning white,��������� angling his body at 45 degrees,��HC�u��
8@����� he attempts to appear larger
than his challenger.���C�u��
U(����� The female is hidden below,�� 8����� 8 while waves of black
add to his display of strength.�� C�u��
�@�͡ǁ As rivals converge on either side,
the alpha male is distracted...��XC�u��
������� ..and his mate drifts from cover.���C�u��
ŀ����� A smaller male sees an opportunity
and moves in.��
pC�u��
������� The interloper drags her
as far as he can��࠷���� before forcing her
into his twisted embrace.��
�C�u����� But the larger alpha male
is quick to reclaim his prize.��PC�u��2@����� He will flush out the sperm
of his competitors������� to ensure only he fertilizes
her eggs.���C�u��q������ Given a moment's respite,��0�̡Ɓ0 the pair can get down to the
business of finding a place to nest.���C�u�����ǡ�� Any prospective home for the eggs
requires close inspection.���C�u���H����� Satisfied, she deposits
their first clutch.���C�u���𠻡�� Now, with a prime nest site
and a mate to guard,��P�����P the male must continue
to fend off rivals.��XC�u@�������� Nest sites like these
are coveted across the reef,��@�����@ and males are tireless
in their efforts to claim them.��`C�u��D𠤡�� This one is already taken.�� ؠ���� � It's being guarded by a monster.�� C�u��]P����� One of the largest males
on the reef.��@�����@ His dazzling white skin
and flattened tentacles���C�u��xX����� proclaim his strength and size.��
PC�u���H�ǡ�� Other males, hoping to mate
with his female under the rocks,������� move in.���C�u���h����� They cautiously test his resolve.�� C�u��
A������ The urge to mate emboldens them.�� �C�u��
kP����� The monster allows them even closer.��
C�u@�
����� Cuttlefish expel ink
to confuse predators.��@�����@ But this is a desperate attempt
to escape the clutches��C�u��
������ of one of their own.��xC�u��
������ For now, the monster
has secured his legacy.���C�u@��
ڸ����� This marine spectacle
was nearly lost forever.����ȡ` In a single season, fishermen caught
250 tonnes of cuttlefish�� C�u������� at this breeding site
before it was protected in 1998.��8C�u��0������ Today, this annual gathering
continues in peace��ؠ����� in these inshore shallows.��XC�u@��`P�ơ�� Stretching between Antarctica
and Australia's outer fringes������� is the Southern Ocean,
wild and remote.��0C�u���P�ˡŁ Far out at sea, polar winds
from Antarctica whip up huge swells.��8C�u���ࠪ��� This is the ocean's engine room,��
𠸡��
� generating waves
that roll across the planet.���C�u���ȠˡŁ Australia's southern coastline
is shaped by this powerful force.���C�u��������� As the ocean swells
near Australia's outer edge,��Ƞ����� waves build to a monumental size.��
�C�u��"������ Monsters ten meters high
are not uncommon.���C�u��[����� In winter, when the sea
is at its most savage,��������� many ocean wanderers
leave this violent seascape.���C�u��|`����� They head north and seek
refuge in the calmer waters��(�����( of the Great Australian Bight.���C�u@�������� The Nullarbor Plain
comes to a dramatic end��P�ɡÁP with vertical cliffs plummeting
to the ocean 120 metres below.���C�u���𠽡�� Every winter, these cliffside coves
provide refuge������� to southern right whales.��XC�u��
@����� Nearly 18 meters long,�� ��� � they are amongst the largest animals
ever to have lived.��PC�u@��(������ This female left her feeding ground
in the Antarctic��𠸡��� and travelled over 2,000 miles
to give birth.��
(C�u��\ ����� The warmer water is gentle
on her newborn,������� which has yet to develop
its insulating blubber.���C�u@���ؠ���� She will nurse her calf here
for the next three months��@�ġ��@ until it's strong enough to face
the long migration south���C�u���𠡡�� at the start of spring.��������� But these coves don't just provide
nursery waters.���C�u���P����� They are the arena for
spectacular mating events.��
p����� This female is without a calf.���C�u��Ƞ���� Four males close in on her.���C�u��1��á�� A group of bottlenose dolphins
become curious onlookers.�� C�u��W����� To ensure only the most
well-endowed succeed,��������� the female goes belly up.���C�u��{x�͡ǁ The penis of a southern right whale
extends to almost four metres.��HC�u��������� Several males will mate
with her��
�����
but only the last
will father her offspring.���C�u���X����� Unlike the whales,
this pod of dolphins��
�����
will remain by the coast
throughout the year.���C�u@������� Despite the size difference,
the dolphins are happy������� to share their home
with the visiting giants.���C�u��"��ġ�� The whale even appears to mimic
its more agile playmates.���C�u��CP�ҡ́ Renowned for being easy to approach,
right whales were named by whalers�� C�u��Zp����� who consider them
the right whale to hunt...��
�C�u��z�ǡ�� ..their curious and playful nature
making them easy targets.���C�u���P����� But play is not limited
to whales and dolphins.��������� Every winter,
surfers take to the water.��8C�u���@����� It's a time when waves
are often at their best��`�����` thanks to the Southern Ocean swell.���C�u����� The dolphins seem to take pleasure
in joining them.��
�C�u��Kؠ���� Research has shown that
these synchronised displays��
蠬���
� help male dolphins form alliances.��C�u@���0�Ρȁ Wild dolphins enjoy the lighter side
of life on the southern coast.������� 1000 miles east,
there are far darker goings-on.��(C�u���Ƞ���� Port Phillip Bay is on the doorstep
of Melbourne,��������� Australia's second largest city.���C�u@������� But few residents have witnessed
the marine spectacle��������� that unfolds in these shallows
every winter.��
pC�u��ؠɡÁ At nearly half a metre in width,
Australian giant spider crabs���C�u��4X����� are amongst the world's largest
crustaceans.���C�u��J8����� Seldom seen,��h�����h they spend the years
scavenging on the seabed.���C�u��iP�ǡ�� But this crab has got a feeling
that it's time for a change.��0C�u���h����� It is soon joined by others.��������� Normally dwelling in depths
of up to 800 meters,��8C�u���X����� these crabs migrate to the shallows
each winter.��C�u���p����� Not to mate, but to moult -
to shed their old shells.��HC�u��츠͡ǁ It's believed that an influx of
cold water from the Southern Ocean��`�����` triggers this mass migration.��pC�u@��@P����� Before long, the ocean floor
is a writhing carpet���ȡ of claws and spindly legs,
sometimes several creatures thick.��XC�u��r𠮡�� In the world above, normality rules.��
P������ Life continues as usual.��hC�u����Ρȁ Scratching at its face is a sign
that this crab's change has begun.��pC�u����͡ǁ Like all crustaceans, its body
is protected by a hard exoskeleton.��pC�u����ġ�� But, in order to grow,
the crab must remove its old shell��������� and reveal a new one beneath.���C�u��O��̡Ɓ Its new orange shell, though larger,
is flexible and able to bend��@C�u��d������ as the crab works its way out.���C�u��z`�š�� But this temporary softness
will prove to be its downfall.���C�u@�������� It's one of the first
to expose its new, soft shell,��H�����H and its hard-bodied neighbours
waste no time���C�u���ؠ���� in seizing an opportunity
for a meal.�� 8C�u@���ؠСʁ When growing a new shell, crabs need
as much protein as they can get,��������� no matter how macabre the source.�� �C�u��2������ Once a limb is plucked
from the victim,��
P�����
P the attacker quickly retreats
with its prize.���C�u@�����ġ�� Despite the perils of moulting
in the midst of cannibals,��ؠɡÁ� these crabs in a tree gathered
together for safety in numbers.��0C�u��������� There is a greater threat
to their kind.��C�u������� Smooth stingrays,
armed with venom-tipped tails,��蠲���� have stalked the crabs
to the shallows.���C�u�������� At over two metres wide,��࠸���� these are the largest stingrays
in the world.��XC�u��F��š�� Defenceless crustaceans
are sucked from their soft shells.���C�u��f������ With this many moulting at once,�� ؠ���� � even the most insatiable ray
can't eat them all.��
C�u���࠵��� The carnage continues
well into the night.���C�u@�������� It takes around three weeks
for all the crabs to moult�� ����� and then, just as suddenly
as they came, they're gone,���C�u��)h����� disappearing back into the deep�� ؠ���� � where their lives
largely remain a mystery.���C�u��RРơ�� A few leftovers from the feast
of rays are all that remain.���C�u@�������� One reason for Australia's
many marine marvels��
������
� is that while the Southern Ocean
chills the south,���C�u�����š�� two more oceans bring warm,
tropical water from the north.��C�u���@�ϡɁ In the west, it's the Indian Ocean.
In the east, the mighty Pacific.�� C�u���x�ȡ On this side of the country,
the land dives beneath the waves��0�����0 and stretches far out to sea.���C�u��Ƞ���� This shallow continental shelf
shapes life here.��
HC�u��(����� It forms gentle, sloping beaches.��
������` And islands mark
where it breaks the surface.��
PC�u��M��ȡ 100 miles up the coast from Sydney
sits a rather special one.��C�u��wȠơ�� Cabbage Tree Island is the only
island in the entire region���C�u���x����� that remains covered in rain forest.��
(C�u���P����� The palms that give it its name
have also given rise��
�����
to an extraordinary sea bird.���C�u�������� Beneath the forest canopy,�� 8����� 8 the rocky slopes are littered
with nooks and crannies���C�u���ࠩ��� and, at the right time of year,�� ��ʡā � a little ball of fluff can
invariably be found inside each one.�� C�u�������� It is one of only two
breeding colonies��0�����0 of Gould's petrel in the world.��(C�u��5x����� This chick is around
three weeks old.��ؠ����� It's been left alone
to fend for itself��
HC�u��Q������ while its parents are fishing
at sea.�� C�u���X�̡Ɓ The spider poses no real threat
but best not to take your chances��@C�u��������� when its legspan
is wider than you are.��
�C�u��ͨ����� By nightfall, there is still no sign
of mum or dad.��
�C�u���h����� But then...��`C�u���ʡā A somewhat undignified entrance
but then landing takes practice��@C�u��X����� and it's a skill seldom used
by petrels.��
pC�u@��3ؠʡā This species spends years out at sea
without touching dry land.��p�ǡ��p So, walking over a rocky forest
floor is an alien sensation.��hC�u��~8�ơ�� To make matters trickier,
almost every hole under a rock...��PC�u��������� ..has a chick in it.��h�����p It is believed that adults
use a keen sense of smell���C�u��������� to find their way back
to their nest hole.��
�����
But it doesn't appear to be
a fail-safe method.��C�u���𠕡�� Wrong hole.���C�u���p�š�� Finally, after some searching,
mum and chick are reunited,�� C�u��p����� and chick gets a meal of
regurgitated squid.��
C�u��(������ Over the next 12 weeks,
night after night,��������� crash landing after crash landing,��hC�u��?��̡Ɓ chicks all over this tiny island
will wait for parents to return.��C�u��W@����� Until the one night
when they won't come back.���C�u�����ɡÁ Four months later, with only
a tiny crown of fluffy down left,���C�u���@����� the petrel chick has been abandoned
by its parents.��
HC�u���ؠš�� It's been two weeks since
it's had anything at all to eat.�� C�u@���P����� The bird knows
something must be done.��h�̡Ɓh But hunger, desperation and instinct
need to sufficiently combine���C�u��h����� before it has the will
to make its move.���C�u��@����� For those who don't,
the island holds no future.���C�u��Vh����� Like his parents,
it's under the cover of darkness��
p�����
p that the young bird leaves the nest.�� �C�u���X����� Sea birds like petrels
rely on the wind��������� to give them the lift needed
for takeoff.��@C�u���p�ʡā But, down here, beneath the forest
canopy, the air is listless.���C�u���8����� An ill-judged attempt at flight
could be his last.��C�u���ؠǡ�� Sharp palms and jagged rocks
don't make for good crash mats.���C�u��������� To stand any chance
of getting off the island,��0�����0 it must get out
from under the canopy.��
�C�u��p����� But trees cover the whole island.�� 8C�u��O ����� There's only one thing for it.��HC�u���H����� Webbed feet and wings
are not ideal equipment��������� for a sheer vertical climb
of eight meters.��
C�u�����š�� But the petrels have evolved
sharp claws and a hooked beak��0�����0 to aid their ascent.���C�u���X����� As the saying goes,
if at first you don't succeed.���C�u�� �¡�� Attempting to climb again
pushes the starving fledgling��Ƞ����� closer to exhaustion.��XC�u�� "�ʡā But frantic wing flapping helps
to propel the bird up the tree.���C�u@�� <0����� The fledgling wraps its wings
around the trunk����š��� for a moment's respite,
using its tail feathers as a prop.��`C�u�� �H����� Having made it to the top,
more obstacles lie in wait.���C�u�� �(����� The thick stems at
the centre of the palm fronds��h�����h are lined with the sharp spikes.���C�u�� ������ Feathers are easily entangled.��HC�u��! Ƞ���� Part fall, part flight,
either way, it's airborne!�� C�u��!>������ It won't touch land again
for five or six years.���C�u��!Y��š�� As the Gould's petrels head off
for a life far out at sea,��������� other ocean wanderers
are being drawn��C�u��!wX����� to Australia's Pacific coastline.�� `C�u��!�P����� Once a year, humpback whales
pass Cabbage Tree Island������� on their journey north.���C�u��!�p�̡Ɓ They have come to give birth
to their young in the warm shallows.��@C�u��"*��ġ�� One occasional visitor is
the subject of myth and legend.���C�u��"Mh����� Migaloo.
The albino humpback whale.��
�C�u��"������� His name means white fella
in Aboriginal language.��C�u��"�ؠɡÁ His pale colour is most likely due
to a rare genetic mutation.���C�u��"�P����� Believed to be 32 years old,
Migaloo is in his prime,���C�u��#����� and he knows how to demonstrate
his power.��
PC�u��#40����� Scientists believe
tail slapping and rolling��������� is a form of communication
between whales.���C�u��#yࠠ��� First sighted in 1991,��X�ǡ��X Migaloo was thought to be
the only white whale in existence.��PC�u��#�@�ġ�� Since then, white calves
have been spotted in the Pacific������� around New Zealand and Australia.���C�u��#�8�ˡŁ It's thought Migaloo may be
the father of these pale youngsters.���C�u��#�`�ʡā Migaloo travels up Australia's
east coast, or Humpback Highway,���C�u��#�X����� as he heads each year����¡��� for one of the country's
most precious natural wonders.��PC�u��$������ The Great Barrier Reef
spans 130 square miles������� of Queensland's Pacific coast.��
xC�u��$B��ϡɁ This enormous coral kingdom covers
roughly the same area as Germany.���C�u��$b����� It's warm shallow waters
and deserted islands��
p�����
p are not only home
to colourful characters,��C�u@��$z������ they also provide a pit stop
for ocean voyagers�� ����� and ancient mariners
such as the green sea turtle.�� C�u��$ ����� After years of life
in the open ocean,��
x�����
x this expectant mother has come back
to lay her eggs��8C�u��$�P����� in the very same place
where her life began...���C�u��$��� ..Raine Island.���C�u��% ����� With flippers designed for sea
and not sand,��Ƞ����� hauling her enormous body
up onto the shore���C�u��%9������ takes an extraordinary effort.���C�u��%mh����� She carefully carves out a nest
in the sand,��(�����( her one and only act
of parental care.��
�C�u��%������� And deposits a clutch of
around 100 eggs.��PC�u��%���ˡŁ As she returned to the waves,
more mothers clamber up the beach.��������� In fact, many, many more.�� `C�u��%�8����� 14,000 turtles can come ashore here
in a single night.���C�u@��&P��͡ǁ After laying, the females return
to the waters around Raine Island����ȡ� for a couple of weeks before
returning to lay another clutch.���C�u��&�࠵��� Two months later,
the sand begins to stir.��
�C�u��&������ Hatchlings begin
their race to the water.��@C�u��'
����� But by night,
ghost crabs haunt this beach.��C�u��'kh����� Another crab lies in ambush.���C�u��'������� But ghost crabs...��������
� ..are not the greatest threat
that they will face.���C�u@��'����� In the open ocean,
more predators await.��
p�ɡÁ
p It's estimated that just one
in a thousand hatchlings survive.��`C�u��'�P�ǡ�� The young turtles will travel
on Australia's ocean currents.���C�u��(������ Some will be carried east,
into the South Pacific.��
�C�u��(������ Others will be swept north,
towards Asia.��C�u��(2����� The separation of the land
between Asia and Australia�� ����� creates a passageway
for tropical water.�� C�u��(Sp�ˡŁ Australia is the only continent
with warm currents flowing south��������� on two sides.���C�u��(y��� Without this, the Indian Ocean
off Western Australia������� would be far colder...���C�u��(�@����� ..instead of the tropical
environment that it is.���C�u��(���ġ�� On this remote coastline,
humans are few and far between.��0C�u@��(�0�ơ�� It's an example of what marine
ecosystems should look like.��蠹���� Healthy, interconnected
and teeming with life.��8C�u��(������ 100 miles off the coast
lie the Lacepede Islands.���C�u��)������ 18,000 pairs of brown boobies
nest here.��HC�u@��)@��š�� It's breeding season and,
on an exposed edge of the beach,��Ƞ����� a new couple are hoping
to start a family.���C�u��)kp����� With a weedy offering,
he attempts to woo her.���C�u��)������ Perhaps another try.�������� � No.��P����� Surely his efforts
have been sufficient?�� `C�u��)�P����� Maybe not.���C�u��)�@�ɡÁ Booby nests are often little
more than a small pile of sticks.��hC�u��)ݨ����� Some are barely an indentation
in the pebbles.���C�u��)� ����� Parenting is approached
in a variety of styles.��
C�u��*
Ƞ���� Some respond to nagging.���C�u��*-������ While others stand their ground.���C�u��*X������ A beak skills lesson
is taking place.��
(C�u��*o��ɡÁ Imitating parents helps chicks
practice their catching skills.��0C�u@��*��ɡÁ Becoming adept at flipping
sticks and stones will prepare them�� ����� to manipulate slippery fish
mid-flight.��
PC�u@��*�H�ġ�� As midday temperatures rise
to around 40 degrees Celsius,��H�����H parents hover like beach umbrellas
over their chicks.�� C�u��*������� Domestic duties are shared
between parents.��ࠧ���H And this chick needs feeding.���C�u��+%𠱡�� Out at sea,
the boobies move en masse.��
x������ They have spotted splashing
in the distance.��C�u��+D��ˡŁ A school of tuna have driven
a shoal of sardines to the surface.���C�u��+r��ȡ Fish are pushed up, straight into
the boobies' waiting beaks.���C�u��+� ����� Frigate birds join the plunder.��0C�u��+���͡ǁ Having taken their fill, parents
head home to their hungry chicks.�� C�u��+鐠¡�� Back at the island,
other frigate birds are patrolling.���C�u��+������� They are known as
the pirates of the skies,��
蠚���
� for good reason.��`C�u��,蠭��� Larger and faster than the boobies,���ǡ��� they bully the smaller sea birds
into giving up their lunch.���C�u��,Lx�� Outmanoeuvred, it's forced
to disgorge its food mid-air.��C�u��,���̡Ɓ Onshore, the tiny chick's wait
for a meal should finally be over.���C�u��,������� The mates greet each other
but lunch was stolen.��
C�u��,��ơ�� Now the onus of providing a meal
falls to the other parent.��C�u��,� ����� Fortunately, at this time of year,
food is abundant.��PC�u��-ؠʡā In winter, cycling ocean currents
fuel huge blooms of plankton,��C�u��-2𠼡�� providing a sudden bounty of food
for small fish.���C�u��-L������ Enormous schools of sardines form.���C�u��-`������ And these, in turn,
attract bigger fish.��
x�����h Dusky sharks.���C�u��-}Ƞš�� Fast, streamlined predators
around three metres in length.���C�u��-Ԁ�ϡɁ Bigger sharks come to feast, too,
including the biggest of them all.��������� The whale shark.���C�u��-� ����� 12 meters long and
weighing as much as 11 tonnes.���C�u��.������ Despite their imposing size,����ơ��� they feed on the same microscopic
plankton as the sardines.���C�u��.HH�Сʁ Chemicals released by the plankton
are carried on the ocean currents.��@C�u��.]������ The whale sharks follow
their sensitive noses��������� to find these blooms in the waters
of Ningaloo,��8C�u��.zH����� a protected area
of Australia's west coast.���C�u��.������� Scientists want to understand�� ������ � how the individuals here
are related.��C�u@��.���š�� They believe that they may be part
of a whale shark family��������� that spans both the Pacific
and the Indian Oceans.��xC�u��.߰�ȡ To be sure, the scientist needs
a sample of each whale's DNA.���C�u��/����� Remarkably, the giant animal
will hang calmly�� ����� while its nose is scratched.���C�u��/'@����� Completely relaxed,��������� the shark seems to enter
a trance-like state...���C�u��/Y@�ˡŁ ..allowing the scientists to scrape
tiny parasites off its body.��HC�u��/v𠭡�� These parasites, known as copepods,��
�����
chew the shark's skin
and drink its blood.���C�u��/�蠫��� So, in return for the DNA sample,��������� the whale shark gets rid
of a few free loaders.���C�u@��/� ����� Research has now shown
that Australian whale sharks����ȡ� are the offspring of ocean-wandering
parents from as far away��xC�u��0 ����� as Indonesia and New Guinea.��HC�u@��0������ Here in Ningaloo, the giants
have a precious sanctuary���ơ�� from hunters in a place
where they are a protected species.��XC�u@��0r��ġ�� Most sharks are cold blooded
and are therefore restricted���͡ǁ� to warm waters, like those along
Australia's remote western coast.��HC�u��0��ҡ́ Shark Bay, 500 miles north of Perth,
can justly claim its ominous name.��C�u��0� ����� The water is bath-like
for most of the year.��
�C�u@��0�@����� Sharks have an acute sense of smell,��@�ʡā@ capable of detecting the faintest
traces of blood in the water.���C�u��1x�� But an entire whale carcass
is like a siren going off...���C�u��14������ ..alerting sharks for miles around.�� 8�����x Tiger sharks.���C�u��1P��ȡ Threatened globally, here they can
still be found in numbers.��`C�u��1��ơ�� New arrivals skirt the dead whale
before entering the fray.���C�u@��1�`����� These predators have hunted
the world's oceans��8�ˡŁ8 for more than 50 million years
and they're not above scavenging.��HC�u��2
Ƞ���� The feeding frenzy
has attracted sightseers.���C�u@��2#x����� Despite a notorious reputation
for attacks on people,�� �ʡā tourists are keen to catch a glimpse
of these striking animals.���C�u��2������� Attacks on people are very rare��X�����X but sharks have been persecuted
for centuries,���C�u��2�h�ȡ and the government of Western
Australia still employs hunters��`�����` to kill these endangered animals.���C�u@�2�@����� But, when a chance encounter
like this enables people��8�����8 to get close to animals
that they may fear,��C�u��2〠���� their enjoyment could trigger
a change in attitude.��8C�u@��3������ Nowhere is that more important
than here in Australia,������� where coasts are nourished
by three oceans,��xC�u��3% ����� creating a nexus for marine life.��C�u��3Fh����� From the warm Indian Ocean,��X�����X with its schools
of awe-inspiring predators,���C�u��3]������ to the calm shallows
of the Pacific,�� ������ � with its reefs and islands,���C�u��3s࠰��� and the rich and varied
southern seas��
p�¡��
p with gatherings of species
found nowhere else on Earth,���C�u��3��Ρȁ the meeting of these three oceans
has produced an explosion of life���C�u��3������� in Earth's Magical Kingdom.��@S�kll���� `�������������h�������J��໔��/з���������p����J8���������������R���������&��
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