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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:07,930 --> 00:00:10,560 You couldn't really miss Gianni Agnelli. 2 00:00:10,890 --> 00:00:13,390 He was involved with everything Italians love. 3 00:00:13,600 --> 00:00:15,770 Sex, cars, and sports. 4 00:00:16,310 --> 00:00:18,366 Every woman was in love with him. 5 00:00:18,390 --> 00:00:20,270 Every man wanted to be him. 6 00:00:20,560 --> 00:00:24,430 People that were around him, they were all in awe of him. 7 00:00:24,640 --> 00:00:26,220 Gianni had a great eye. 8 00:00:26,430 --> 00:00:27,770 Obsessed by aesthetics. 9 00:00:28,220 --> 00:00:29,930 Everybody tried to copy him. 10 00:00:30,270 --> 00:00:33,600 When he was around, the face of life changed. 11 00:00:33,930 --> 00:00:35,600 Electricity. 12 00:00:36,930 --> 00:00:39,600 Gianni played a big role in saving Fiat. 13 00:00:39,890 --> 00:00:43,310 Fiat put the whole of Italy on four wheels. 14 00:00:43,930 --> 00:00:46,310 Then the unrest started. 15 00:00:46,770 --> 00:00:48,980 We had the sense of evolution. 16 00:00:48,980 --> 00:00:51,640 He had great sympathy for workers 17 00:00:51,640 --> 00:00:52,980 and also for their plight. 18 00:00:53,470 --> 00:00:56,310 The industrial comeback of Italy is Fiat. 19 00:00:56,310 --> 00:00:57,980 And it changed Italy completely. 20 00:00:58,220 --> 00:01:00,430 Mr. Agnelli. He was the king of Italy. 21 00:01:46,520 --> 00:01:48,850 Are you aware of what's going down on the street today? 22 00:01:48,850 --> 00:01:50,850 You know what's going on down the street? Nope. 23 00:01:50,850 --> 00:01:52,680 You know that there's a climate march 24 00:01:52,680 --> 00:01:55,140 going on down the street? You don't know. 25 00:01:55,140 --> 00:01:57,600 Do you know there's a climate march going on down the street? 26 00:01:57,600 --> 00:01:59,100 What is it? A climate march. 27 00:01:59,100 --> 00:02:01,220 No, I didn't know. You don't know about that. 28 00:02:07,470 --> 00:02:10,220 There might end up being more people waiting for the new iPhone 29 00:02:10,220 --> 00:02:11,810 than for the parade. We'll see. 30 00:02:11,810 --> 00:02:14,430 And if that's where the parade's gonna be, 31 00:02:14,430 --> 00:02:16,430 it's completely empty, so. 32 00:02:33,430 --> 00:02:36,060 I've always been a little skeptical of marches. 33 00:02:36,060 --> 00:02:38,770 I feel like they're more for the marchers than anything else. 34 00:02:40,470 --> 00:02:42,390 I had no idea what it was gonna be like. 35 00:02:42,390 --> 00:02:45,890 All I'd been told is that they were expecting about 40,000 people. 36 00:02:49,220 --> 00:02:51,930 A little bit more energy going on down here. 37 00:02:57,470 --> 00:02:59,060 I think there's more people 38 00:02:59,060 --> 00:03:01,310 than they thought there would be. 39 00:03:02,770 --> 00:03:03,980 No. Just touch the screen? 40 00:03:03,980 --> 00:03:05,600 Yeah, just touch the screen. Don't touch the... 41 00:03:05,600 --> 00:03:07,980 No, keep it this way. Oh, like that. 42 00:03:10,350 --> 00:03:12,270 - We're a radical group. - You are? 43 00:03:12,270 --> 00:03:13,890 Yeah. What's so radical about you? 44 00:03:13,890 --> 00:03:16,770 Well, we advocate for a separate hypothetical militant underground 45 00:03:16,770 --> 00:03:20,310 to actually carry out direct actions against industrial infrastructure. 46 00:03:20,310 --> 00:03:22,430 Good luck with that. Thank you. 47 00:03:23,430 --> 00:03:26,310 Hey, Habitat animal, come here! 48 00:03:26,310 --> 00:03:29,810 How's it going today? It's a bad, bad day for polar bears. 49 00:03:29,810 --> 00:03:31,180 Yeah, it is. 50 00:03:31,180 --> 00:03:33,270 Climate change has got to go! 51 00:03:33,270 --> 00:03:34,980 Hey, hey, ho, ho! 52 00:03:34,980 --> 00:03:36,930 Climate change has got to go! 53 00:03:36,930 --> 00:03:39,930 Hey, hey, ho, ho! Yeah! Whoo! 54 00:03:42,020 --> 00:03:43,520 There's often a disconnect. 55 00:03:43,520 --> 00:03:46,560 Like, people say they're green, but they still drive everywhere. 56 00:03:46,560 --> 00:03:49,810 And they make thousands of copies at work. 57 00:03:49,810 --> 00:03:51,600 Sandy was that wake up call 58 00:03:51,600 --> 00:03:53,350 to us as New Yorkers, to say, 59 00:03:53,350 --> 00:03:57,180 "Climate change is actually a real issue that we have to deal with." 60 00:03:57,180 --> 00:04:01,520 - Whose streets? Our streets! - Whose streets? Our streets! 61 00:04:01,520 --> 00:04:03,640 Look who showed up at the climate march, 62 00:04:03,640 --> 00:04:04,890 Mark Ruffalo. Hello. 63 00:04:04,890 --> 00:04:06,770 Walmart, Google, Apple, 64 00:04:06,770 --> 00:04:09,020 Crayola, Johnson & Johnson... 65 00:04:09,020 --> 00:04:12,020 all of these companies have moved to a hundred percent renewable energy, 66 00:04:12,020 --> 00:04:14,350 not because they necessarily care about climate change, 67 00:04:14,350 --> 00:04:16,520 although I think in their hearts they do... Yeah. 68 00:04:16,520 --> 00:04:20,980 ...but because they see it's economically better for them. 69 00:04:29,560 --> 00:04:31,850 Well, I'll tell you something. 70 00:04:31,850 --> 00:04:33,560 You know, you see something like this 71 00:04:33,560 --> 00:04:36,520 and see all the commitments that organizations are willing to make, 72 00:04:36,520 --> 00:04:38,640 and then I'm like, "Really?" 73 00:04:38,640 --> 00:04:43,520 I can't turn my thermostat from 72 to 68?" 74 00:04:47,850 --> 00:04:49,220 Close to a half a million people 75 00:04:49,220 --> 00:04:51,220 wanting some action on climate change. 76 00:04:52,770 --> 00:04:56,680 The whole thing left me thinking about some very specific questions. 77 00:05:07,220 --> 00:05:09,350 So I'm thinking back on that climate march, 78 00:05:09,350 --> 00:05:11,560 and the bottom line to me is 79 00:05:11,560 --> 00:05:13,390 that 400,000 people showed up 80 00:05:13,390 --> 00:05:16,350 and said, "Do something!" 81 00:05:17,560 --> 00:05:21,560 I mean, it was oddly like, celebratory in a way. 82 00:05:21,560 --> 00:05:25,730 I can't help but think that renewable energy 83 00:05:25,730 --> 00:05:28,560 or the hope of it is tied up in that somehow, 84 00:05:28,560 --> 00:05:30,980 because, as far as I'm concerned, 85 00:05:30,980 --> 00:05:35,890 I don't know what else would give people a sense of hope, right? 86 00:05:35,890 --> 00:05:38,430 The question is, "What about renewable energy?" 87 00:05:38,430 --> 00:05:41,310 I mean you hear a lot about, "Oh yeah, they promise," or this and that. 88 00:05:41,310 --> 00:05:43,270 But honestly, honestly... 89 00:05:44,770 --> 00:05:46,930 can we make enough renewable energy 90 00:05:46,930 --> 00:05:50,470 to supply the world and replace fossil fuels? 91 00:05:51,520 --> 00:05:53,270 How would we do that? 92 00:05:53,270 --> 00:05:56,980 And will we do that? Most importantly. 93 00:05:56,980 --> 00:05:59,810 That's what I want to know. 94 00:06:02,270 --> 00:06:06,100 You know, there's a family angle to this business about energy. 95 00:06:06,100 --> 00:06:09,020 Like a lot of people, my grandfather, Charlie Redford, 96 00:06:09,020 --> 00:06:12,600 he struggled supporting his young family during the Depression. 97 00:06:12,600 --> 00:06:15,640 Eventually, he got an accounting job at Standard Oil. 98 00:06:15,640 --> 00:06:18,430 And 30 years later, he retired near the top 99 00:06:18,430 --> 00:06:19,980 of the Chevron corporate ladder. 100 00:06:19,980 --> 00:06:24,180 His son, Robert, my dad, took quite a different path. 101 00:06:24,180 --> 00:06:28,640 He started out working at the loading bays at the Standard Oil refinery, 102 00:06:28,640 --> 00:06:31,850 but his penchant for the arts took him in a whole other direction. 103 00:06:33,350 --> 00:06:34,600 the movies. 104 00:06:34,600 --> 00:06:37,810 And well, that worked out pretty good. 105 00:06:38,810 --> 00:06:40,220 I'm Alexander Pierce. 106 00:06:40,220 --> 00:06:42,890 My father served in the 101st. Come on in. 107 00:06:42,890 --> 00:06:45,930 But being in Hollywood was never going to be enough for my dad, 108 00:06:45,930 --> 00:06:47,560 or my mom, for that matter. 109 00:06:47,560 --> 00:06:50,220 I grew up in a home with active and engaged parents, 110 00:06:50,220 --> 00:06:53,640 particularly when it came to the promise of solar energy. 111 00:06:53,640 --> 00:06:57,350 They even made an Academy Award-nominated short film about it. 112 00:06:57,350 --> 00:06:59,850 - I'm very worried. - Somebody do something. 113 00:06:59,850 --> 00:07:02,020 - Don't look at me, man. - Find more oil! 114 00:07:02,020 --> 00:07:04,890 One of the most important solar energy developments 115 00:07:04,890 --> 00:07:07,020 involves photovoltaic cells. 116 00:07:08,770 --> 00:07:10,520 So you'd think with this sort of pedigree 117 00:07:10,520 --> 00:07:14,350 that I would have an honorary degree in renewable energy, right? 118 00:07:14,350 --> 00:07:16,310 But the truth is, I don't. 119 00:07:17,850 --> 00:07:20,350 Luckily, I have a friend who's doing well with energy 120 00:07:20,350 --> 00:07:23,270 and environmental projects on the global markets. 121 00:07:23,270 --> 00:07:28,180 And in his spare time, he helps connect philanthropic capital to energy innovation. 122 00:07:32,680 --> 00:07:34,140 Hey, hey! How are you? 123 00:07:34,140 --> 00:07:35,730 Good. Good to see you. Good to see you! 124 00:07:37,220 --> 00:07:40,730 So about 10 years ago, there was this epiphany that I had. 125 00:07:40,730 --> 00:07:43,140 I worked at a company where we tried to forecast 126 00:07:43,140 --> 00:07:45,310 the future of the Internet and digital media. 127 00:07:45,310 --> 00:07:49,930 But then I realized that that's what the last 30 or 40 years had been about, 128 00:07:49,930 --> 00:07:52,730 sort of the story of humanity was about the microprocessor 129 00:07:52,730 --> 00:07:54,890 and all the things that it enabled, that changed our lives. 130 00:07:54,890 --> 00:07:59,430 But I felt like the next 30 or 40 years was about energy, 131 00:07:59,430 --> 00:08:03,730 because that's the lowest common denominator of every other resource. 132 00:08:03,730 --> 00:08:05,060 If you have infinite energy, 133 00:08:05,060 --> 00:08:07,470 you can boil the ocean and make water you can drink. 134 00:08:07,470 --> 00:08:08,850 If you have infinite energy, 135 00:08:08,850 --> 00:08:12,430 you can reconfigure the chemical bonds in a plant 136 00:08:12,430 --> 00:08:15,270 and make a fuel you can put in your car. 137 00:08:15,270 --> 00:08:18,520 So if we're going to scale the world for 11 billion people, 138 00:08:18,520 --> 00:08:20,390 energy is what it's about. 139 00:08:20,390 --> 00:08:24,680 What you just described to me is exactly what my problem is, 140 00:08:24,680 --> 00:08:26,350 because it... 141 00:08:26,350 --> 00:08:30,980 I... I just keep on bumping up against these Uber realities... 142 00:08:30,980 --> 00:08:32,850 And it's too big. It's too big! 143 00:08:32,850 --> 00:08:35,600 So first and foremost, it sounds like you are not doing much 144 00:08:35,600 --> 00:08:38,930 and that you have... energy paralysis. 145 00:08:38,930 --> 00:08:42,980 It's very hard to get excited and do something meaningful 146 00:08:42,980 --> 00:08:45,310 about something you can't see, right? Right. 147 00:08:45,310 --> 00:08:46,520 You have never seen energy. 148 00:08:46,520 --> 00:08:48,100 What you have seen is the result of it. 149 00:08:48,100 --> 00:08:51,060 You've seen the car move. You've seen the light come on. 150 00:08:51,060 --> 00:08:54,730 Maybe it would be, for me, for my own edification... Yeah. 151 00:08:54,730 --> 00:08:58,140 ...if you could take me on the journey of the lonely electron. 152 00:08:58,140 --> 00:09:00,180 The easiest way for me to think about this 153 00:09:00,180 --> 00:09:01,980 has been the analogy to water. 154 00:09:03,390 --> 00:09:04,980 So think of the electricity grid 155 00:09:04,980 --> 00:09:07,270 exactly like a set of water pipes. 156 00:09:07,270 --> 00:09:09,770 The amount of water that's flowing, right, 157 00:09:09,770 --> 00:09:13,060 the current is the size of the pipe. 158 00:09:13,060 --> 00:09:15,350 And then how much power we're delivering, 159 00:09:15,350 --> 00:09:18,060 how strong that motion is is the pressure, 160 00:09:18,060 --> 00:09:20,980 how hard we're pushing that water. That's voltage. 161 00:09:20,980 --> 00:09:23,220 So if you want to think about electricity, 162 00:09:23,220 --> 00:09:25,390 moving electrons just like moving water, 163 00:09:25,390 --> 00:09:27,020 the size of the pipe is current, 164 00:09:27,020 --> 00:09:28,930 the force of the water is the voltage. 165 00:09:28,930 --> 00:09:30,350 That make sense so far? Yes. 166 00:09:30,350 --> 00:09:33,020 Okay. So there is a power plant somewhere, 167 00:09:33,020 --> 00:09:35,770 and at that place, we make some form of heat, 168 00:09:35,770 --> 00:09:37,520 like we burn coal or gas 169 00:09:37,520 --> 00:09:39,850 or we have some radioactive reaction that makes heat, 170 00:09:39,850 --> 00:09:42,520 and we use that heat to boil water. 171 00:09:42,520 --> 00:09:44,020 We boil water, we get steam. 172 00:09:44,020 --> 00:09:46,560 And that steam goes, "Do-do-do-do-do-do-do," up. 173 00:09:46,560 --> 00:09:49,140 And when it goes up, it turns a turbine around. 174 00:09:49,140 --> 00:09:51,140 That turbine turning makes electrons move. 175 00:09:51,140 --> 00:09:54,020 And out of that power plant, we're pushing a big number of electrons... 176 00:09:54,020 --> 00:09:55,560 ...down a big pipe. 177 00:09:55,560 --> 00:09:58,270 But then you come to this little thing called a substation. 178 00:09:58,270 --> 00:09:59,930 And what happens at the substation is 179 00:09:59,930 --> 00:10:02,270 we take these really high voltages that are kind of dangerous, 180 00:10:02,270 --> 00:10:07,220 and we're going to step them down, so we're now pushing less electrons, 181 00:10:07,220 --> 00:10:09,810 less hard than we did right out of the plant. 182 00:10:09,810 --> 00:10:14,060 And then that electron moves through the wires to go to your home. 183 00:10:14,060 --> 00:10:16,640 It goes out of the socket through your phone, 184 00:10:16,640 --> 00:10:18,640 making the screen light up, then goes back in, 185 00:10:18,640 --> 00:10:21,020 and then... goes through the rest of the system. 186 00:10:21,020 --> 00:10:22,560 And by the way, you can actually do this. 187 00:10:22,560 --> 00:10:25,140 You can track it yourself. I am a trail runner, 188 00:10:25,140 --> 00:10:27,220 and the most instructive exercise for me 189 00:10:27,220 --> 00:10:28,770 to understand the power system 190 00:10:28,770 --> 00:10:30,270 was to find a power plant 191 00:10:30,270 --> 00:10:32,770 and then track the power line corridor 192 00:10:32,770 --> 00:10:34,680 where the transmission lines go, 193 00:10:34,680 --> 00:10:36,100 and just start running. 194 00:10:39,220 --> 00:10:42,390 So off I went, just me and my phone camera. 195 00:10:54,640 --> 00:10:56,060 Coming in here, they're going that way, 196 00:10:56,060 --> 00:10:57,930 they're going that way, and they're going over there. 197 00:10:57,930 --> 00:10:59,680 There's towers going everywhere. 198 00:11:06,470 --> 00:11:09,430 Super trippy driving by the Chevron refinery. 199 00:11:09,430 --> 00:11:12,060 That's where my grandpa worked. 200 00:11:12,060 --> 00:11:15,890 And it's just so ugly. 201 00:11:17,600 --> 00:11:20,270 What do you mean you're looking for electricity? 202 00:11:20,270 --> 00:11:22,770 What is that about? I just thought I would try 203 00:11:22,770 --> 00:11:25,640 to figure out where the hell 204 00:11:25,640 --> 00:11:28,600 my electricity comes from. 205 00:11:28,600 --> 00:11:31,430 Can't you check your meter and find out that way? 206 00:11:31,430 --> 00:11:34,430 Well, but it doesn't say where the origin is. 207 00:11:34,430 --> 00:11:37,270 It doesn't tell you literally where it's from. 208 00:11:37,270 --> 00:11:40,100 Well, what an interesting little journey you're on. 209 00:11:40,100 --> 00:11:42,810 - You could say... - And incredibly boring. 210 00:11:42,810 --> 00:11:45,140 Yeah. 211 00:11:46,220 --> 00:11:47,680 Pretty sleepy little town. 212 00:11:47,680 --> 00:11:50,430 I mean, it seems like it's holding it's own economically. 213 00:11:51,890 --> 00:11:54,850 Probably because there is a power plant here, right? 214 00:11:56,310 --> 00:11:58,020 Here it is! 215 00:11:58,020 --> 00:12:00,470 Here's my nearest power plant. 216 00:12:00,470 --> 00:12:02,810 The Pittsburg Generating Station. 217 00:12:03,980 --> 00:12:05,100 I found it. 218 00:12:07,890 --> 00:12:11,770 Just a tangle of utility lines going over everything. 219 00:12:11,770 --> 00:12:13,930 It is suitably depressing. 220 00:12:16,390 --> 00:12:19,470 And as you can see, it makes electricity, 221 00:12:19,470 --> 00:12:22,770 and everyone says, "Oh, all right, well, that's good enough." 222 00:12:22,770 --> 00:12:25,980 But when you turn this way... 223 00:12:27,930 --> 00:12:29,470 and look across the bay... 224 00:12:29,470 --> 00:12:31,520 Whoa! 225 00:12:32,600 --> 00:12:34,060 Tons of windmills. 226 00:12:35,060 --> 00:12:36,810 So, you tell me, 227 00:12:36,810 --> 00:12:38,640 how you do you want to make your power? 228 00:12:38,640 --> 00:12:40,890 I mean, intuitively speaking, 229 00:12:40,890 --> 00:12:44,140 is this what you want your power plant to look like? 230 00:12:44,140 --> 00:12:45,520 Or that? 231 00:12:57,180 --> 00:12:59,560 Holy shit, they're massive! 232 00:13:01,390 --> 00:13:02,680 Wow! 233 00:13:12,350 --> 00:13:15,770 I've been impressed by a lot of technology in my lifetime, but... 234 00:13:17,220 --> 00:13:19,350 I don't know if anything tops this. 235 00:13:30,640 --> 00:13:32,930 - Where are you? 236 00:13:32,930 --> 00:13:35,430 I'm probably about an hour and a half from home. 237 00:13:38,060 --> 00:13:39,430 As you can imagine, 238 00:13:39,430 --> 00:13:41,220 I'm not going to be home in time for dinner. 239 00:13:41,220 --> 00:13:43,100 Oh, you won't be home for dinner? 240 00:13:43,100 --> 00:13:44,770 I've been out in the garden. Don't worry. 241 00:13:44,770 --> 00:13:47,220 No, no, no, no, don't worry. Don't worry. 242 00:13:48,220 --> 00:13:50,430 Good. I'll see you in a few hours. 243 00:14:06,140 --> 00:14:07,770 - Hey, Dad! - Hi, Leens! 244 00:14:08,850 --> 00:14:09,930 What's up? Yeah. 245 00:14:09,930 --> 00:14:11,890 I'm thinking, you know, when you come home, 246 00:14:11,890 --> 00:14:14,770 how about you come on a road trip with me 247 00:14:14,770 --> 00:14:17,430 to explore some renewable energy in the desert? 248 00:14:19,930 --> 00:14:23,390 What? Why would I go? 249 00:14:23,390 --> 00:14:25,430 Because you're really fun, and I just... 250 00:14:25,430 --> 00:14:28,180 I'm always looking for an excuse to be around you. 251 00:14:28,180 --> 00:14:30,390 Don't you feel like you should... 252 00:14:30,390 --> 00:14:33,930 bring someone who actually knows about... that stuff? 253 00:14:33,930 --> 00:14:39,020 Like someone who could counter your ignorance? 254 00:14:39,020 --> 00:14:41,850 We can't just have two dumb-dumbs out there on the road. 255 00:14:43,270 --> 00:14:44,980 I'd like to say that was the first time 256 00:14:44,980 --> 00:14:47,520 my daughter dropkicked one of my plans, 257 00:14:47,520 --> 00:14:49,140 but it would be a lie. 258 00:14:49,140 --> 00:14:50,810 However, I did have better luck 259 00:14:50,810 --> 00:14:52,520 with an entrepreneur musician friend 260 00:14:52,520 --> 00:14:54,980 who builds guitar amps in his spare time. 261 00:14:57,640 --> 00:15:00,810 You can make an argument that, "Well, maybe it's too late." 262 00:15:00,810 --> 00:15:02,980 That's one argument, right? "Screw it." 263 00:15:02,980 --> 00:15:05,310 We're all doomed," you know? 264 00:15:05,310 --> 00:15:06,810 Suck the carbon down... Yeah. 265 00:15:06,810 --> 00:15:09,140 ...and you know, wait for the apocalypse. Yeah. 266 00:15:09,140 --> 00:15:11,980 The counterargument is, "Every little bit helps." 267 00:15:21,100 --> 00:15:22,930 We're on the site of the world's largest 268 00:15:22,930 --> 00:15:25,430 commercial solar thermal facility. 269 00:15:25,430 --> 00:15:27,850 So we have almost 180,000 heliostats, 270 00:15:27,850 --> 00:15:28,850 what we call heliostats... 271 00:15:28,850 --> 00:15:30,140 the mirrors that are surrounding us... 272 00:15:30,140 --> 00:15:32,640 and three, you know, significant towers. 273 00:15:32,640 --> 00:15:35,850 I'm going to do something at great risk to my own image, 274 00:15:35,850 --> 00:15:38,980 and that is try and explain what this plant is doing right now. 275 00:15:38,980 --> 00:15:40,520 Great. It's not that hard. 276 00:15:41,640 --> 00:15:44,220 That makes it even worse. Yeah. 277 00:15:44,220 --> 00:15:47,560 There is a star up here emitting ultraviolet light. 278 00:15:47,560 --> 00:15:51,180 It's coming down... I'd go with "infrared" on that, Jamie. 279 00:15:51,180 --> 00:15:54,350 Okay, all right, infrared 'cause we're talking about heat. 280 00:15:54,350 --> 00:15:57,520 And it's hitting hundreds of thousands of mirrors. 281 00:15:57,520 --> 00:16:02,680 And the cool thing about these mirrors, they're all aiming at that! 282 00:16:02,680 --> 00:16:05,310 And that's why that thing is glowing 283 00:16:05,310 --> 00:16:08,470 like the Eye of Sauron as we're standing here. 284 00:16:08,470 --> 00:16:10,220 That's not the end of it, though. 285 00:16:10,220 --> 00:16:14,560 Apparently there's water in there, and it super heats, 286 00:16:14,560 --> 00:16:18,850 and it drives that steam down that tower, 287 00:16:18,850 --> 00:16:22,730 and goes somewhere and turns turbines and makes electricity and goes off. 288 00:16:23,930 --> 00:16:26,310 Touché. Touché, Jamie. 289 00:16:26,310 --> 00:16:29,430 From our perspective, if you thought that we were going to burn coal 290 00:16:29,430 --> 00:16:32,520 a hundred years from now and that that was going to be a sustainable approach, 291 00:16:32,520 --> 00:16:36,390 I think you're grossly underestimating the trajectory of technology. 292 00:16:36,390 --> 00:16:40,220 Right. So there's very competitive electricity from renewables. 293 00:16:40,220 --> 00:16:42,020 The problem is the intermittency. 294 00:16:42,020 --> 00:16:44,100 Yeah. So solar thermal is clearly aimed 295 00:16:44,100 --> 00:16:45,930 when we compete against renewables, 296 00:16:45,930 --> 00:16:50,560 we're competing against the fact that we can deliver energy on demand. 297 00:16:50,560 --> 00:16:51,930 So we're dispatchable. 298 00:16:51,930 --> 00:16:53,600 When we compete against a gas plant, 299 00:16:53,600 --> 00:16:55,930 we're competing against the fact that we don't have emissions. 300 00:16:55,930 --> 00:16:57,020 They do. 301 00:16:57,020 --> 00:16:59,430 And we're supplying power to California grid. 302 00:16:59,430 --> 00:17:01,560 That's right. We're part of the renewable mix. 303 00:17:01,560 --> 00:17:03,560 We think the current grid system 304 00:17:03,560 --> 00:17:06,310 could sustain 25 to 30 percent renewables. 305 00:17:06,310 --> 00:17:08,680 With a smarter grid... meaning we could manage 306 00:17:08,680 --> 00:17:10,220 the intermittency of renewables better... 307 00:17:10,220 --> 00:17:12,180 you can get an even higher penetration. 308 00:17:12,180 --> 00:17:14,310 California's talking about a 50 percent standard. 309 00:17:14,310 --> 00:17:17,560 There were, of course, environmental issues building this plant out here. 310 00:17:17,560 --> 00:17:19,100 Sure. But very significantly, 311 00:17:19,100 --> 00:17:20,730 you didn't clear a bunch of land. 312 00:17:20,730 --> 00:17:22,600 You can see there's... there's weeds growing 313 00:17:22,600 --> 00:17:25,140 underneath these, uh, these reflectors. 314 00:17:25,140 --> 00:17:28,470 Right. It was all done in place, basically, right? 315 00:17:28,470 --> 00:17:30,430 Any power plant is going to be invasive by definition. 316 00:17:30,430 --> 00:17:32,730 Mm-hmm. It's a physical facility. If you build a building, 317 00:17:32,730 --> 00:17:34,180 - you build a power plant. - Sure. 318 00:17:34,180 --> 00:17:36,180 So the trade is, what can you do 319 00:17:36,180 --> 00:17:38,770 to be least environmentally impactful? 320 00:17:38,770 --> 00:17:42,140 There's a small group of people who wouldn't want 321 00:17:42,140 --> 00:17:44,310 the desert intruded on for any purpose. 322 00:17:44,310 --> 00:17:46,890 Sure. And for them, there's no solution. 323 00:17:46,890 --> 00:17:48,770 There's nothing you can do to say, "We've mitigated. 324 00:17:48,770 --> 00:17:50,310 We've done the best we can." 325 00:17:50,310 --> 00:17:52,470 I went to West Point, got my engineering degree at West Point. 326 00:17:52,470 --> 00:17:54,270 - Oh, you were military? - Tell me again, 327 00:17:54,270 --> 00:17:56,470 you think this is invasive, so you'd rather go out 328 00:17:56,470 --> 00:17:58,980 and protect our oil interests in places that hate us. 329 00:17:58,980 --> 00:18:01,640 And for that, you're willing to trade dollars and bodies, 330 00:18:01,640 --> 00:18:04,430 and that's a good trade for you? That's a good trade? 331 00:18:04,430 --> 00:18:07,600 The true price of foreign oil. 332 00:18:07,600 --> 00:18:09,470 No one is more familiar with that 333 00:18:09,470 --> 00:18:11,850 than the US Armed Forces. 334 00:18:11,850 --> 00:18:14,850 Interestingly, the Armed Forces, 335 00:18:14,850 --> 00:18:18,810 the Navy in particular, was beginning to embrace renewable energy, 336 00:18:18,810 --> 00:18:21,220 and I was determined to understand why. 337 00:18:21,220 --> 00:18:24,350 I'm in San Diego, man. I'm going down to look 338 00:18:24,350 --> 00:18:26,470 at what's happening with the Navy. 339 00:18:26,470 --> 00:18:30,350 They have a target, I think, that's 50 percent renewable energy. 340 00:18:30,350 --> 00:18:31,980 And it turns out that Ray Mabus... 341 00:18:31,980 --> 00:18:33,930 he's the Secretary of the Navy... 342 00:18:33,930 --> 00:18:35,350 is behind a lot of this. 343 00:18:35,350 --> 00:18:38,520 And I was able to wrangle an interview with him today. 344 00:18:40,810 --> 00:18:43,890 The ship you're standing on, the America, 345 00:18:43,890 --> 00:18:46,520 is a hybrid. Okay. Ah. 346 00:18:46,520 --> 00:18:49,310 The Marines, at the height of the fighting in Afghanistan, 347 00:18:49,310 --> 00:18:51,770 were losing one Marine, killed or wounded, 348 00:18:51,770 --> 00:18:56,180 for every 50 convoys of fuel that came in, guarding those fuels. 349 00:18:56,180 --> 00:18:58,350 That's too high a price to pay. 350 00:18:58,350 --> 00:19:00,810 So if you can make energy... 351 00:19:00,810 --> 00:19:03,470 solar, wind... where you are 352 00:19:03,470 --> 00:19:05,730 and don't have to have it brought to you... 353 00:19:05,730 --> 00:19:08,890 you talk to SEAL commanders of some of these teams, 354 00:19:08,890 --> 00:19:13,350 this one guy said, "You know, we turned off the generator... 355 00:19:14,680 --> 00:19:16,470 "and all of a sudden we could hear. 356 00:19:16,470 --> 00:19:19,390 We could hear when people were trying to sneak up on us." 357 00:19:19,390 --> 00:19:22,020 And he said that generator running all the time, 358 00:19:22,020 --> 00:19:24,270 it was like a bull's-eye. "Come on over here." Yeah. Yeah. 359 00:19:24,270 --> 00:19:25,560 "We're here!" "This is where we are." 360 00:19:25,560 --> 00:19:27,560 Right. It makes us better fighters. 361 00:19:27,560 --> 00:19:30,930 Yeah. Now it's got some great collateral... 362 00:19:30,930 --> 00:19:32,930 lowers our carbon footprint, 363 00:19:32,930 --> 00:19:36,220 it makes us better stewards of the environment. 364 00:19:36,220 --> 00:19:38,770 The Department of Defence is the largest single user 365 00:19:38,770 --> 00:19:41,100 of fossil fuels in the world, 366 00:19:41,100 --> 00:19:44,850 Navy and Marine Corps about 40 percent of that. 367 00:19:44,850 --> 00:19:48,430 By no later than 2020, at least half of all our energy, 368 00:19:48,430 --> 00:19:52,270 afloat and ashore, will come from non-fossil fuel sources. 369 00:19:52,270 --> 00:19:57,310 We're going to be there on shore, on our bases by the end of this year. 370 00:19:57,310 --> 00:19:59,600 No. No! We'll be five years early. Yeah. 371 00:19:59,600 --> 00:20:01,810 We're a sea-going service, 372 00:20:01,810 --> 00:20:04,600 but we own 3.5 million acres of land, 373 00:20:04,600 --> 00:20:07,270 and we have 117,000 buildings. 374 00:20:07,270 --> 00:20:11,730 So we use a little bit of energy on shore too. 375 00:20:11,730 --> 00:20:15,850 But the next step is to do microgrids 376 00:20:15,850 --> 00:20:18,100 so that if something happens to the big grid, 377 00:20:18,100 --> 00:20:21,470 we can pull ourselves off and still do our military job. 378 00:20:23,470 --> 00:20:25,930 - Welcome to the bridge, sir. - Is this progress at risk 379 00:20:25,930 --> 00:20:28,850 of being rolled back by political process 380 00:20:28,850 --> 00:20:31,220 or do you feel like... 381 00:20:31,220 --> 00:20:34,220 that there's this sort of straight course moving forward? 382 00:20:34,220 --> 00:20:38,770 I hope and I believe that it's becoming the new normal. 383 00:20:38,770 --> 00:20:42,140 DOD put in its quadrennial defence review 384 00:20:42,140 --> 00:20:46,560 that energy was a national security priority. 385 00:20:46,560 --> 00:20:48,770 It's a whole of the federal government, 386 00:20:48,770 --> 00:20:53,390 but it's also, America is changing the way it views energy. 387 00:20:53,390 --> 00:20:56,310 America is changing the way it uses energy. 388 00:20:57,680 --> 00:21:00,020 Was America really changing? 389 00:21:00,020 --> 00:21:03,520 As it turned out, the answer was hiding in plain sight, 390 00:21:03,520 --> 00:21:06,520 right in the middle of Central Texas. 391 00:21:20,560 --> 00:21:22,180 You know, when you think of Texas, 392 00:21:22,180 --> 00:21:24,390 you think of oil derricks, you think of gas. 393 00:21:24,390 --> 00:21:28,060 So, here's this little city that goes a hundred percent green. 394 00:21:28,060 --> 00:21:30,020 We're the second city in the country 395 00:21:30,020 --> 00:21:31,140 to go a hundred percent green. 396 00:21:31,140 --> 00:21:33,930 Burlington, Vermont was the first. 397 00:21:33,930 --> 00:21:36,560 Our duty to our rate payers 398 00:21:36,560 --> 00:21:38,890 is to provide the lowest-cost energy. 399 00:21:38,890 --> 00:21:41,930 When we compared wind and solar to natural gas, 400 00:21:41,930 --> 00:21:45,600 wind and solar was about equal, 401 00:21:45,600 --> 00:21:48,810 but the providers would give us guaranteed contracts 402 00:21:48,810 --> 00:21:50,810 for 25 years on wind and solar, 403 00:21:50,810 --> 00:21:55,020 and natural gas providers was only for six years. 404 00:21:55,020 --> 00:21:58,220 So that made it... the decision pretty easy. 405 00:22:01,600 --> 00:22:03,640 Do people see solar and wind as, 406 00:22:03,640 --> 00:22:05,560 "Oh no, it's going to ruin our way of life, 407 00:22:05,560 --> 00:22:07,350 our legacy, and our history"? 408 00:22:07,350 --> 00:22:09,470 Or do they just say, "Hey, man, more energy"? 409 00:22:09,470 --> 00:22:11,140 When you do something new and different, 410 00:22:11,140 --> 00:22:15,680 if it involves change, I think some people get concerned. 411 00:22:15,680 --> 00:22:17,520 They just want to make sure that it works, 412 00:22:17,520 --> 00:22:19,770 and it doesn't impact them negatively. 413 00:22:19,770 --> 00:22:21,600 And in the job markets, uh, 414 00:22:21,600 --> 00:22:25,310 I mean, we're still doing tons of oil and gas in Texas. 415 00:22:25,310 --> 00:22:27,890 Right. Well, you'd just use it for other sources 416 00:22:27,890 --> 00:22:30,180 other than making electricity. 417 00:22:30,180 --> 00:22:33,600 Us good Republicans don't like to raise taxes. 418 00:22:33,600 --> 00:22:36,020 And so we're doing all kinds of wonderful things 419 00:22:36,020 --> 00:22:37,730 and the tax rate's staying the same. 420 00:22:37,730 --> 00:22:40,560 And so I'm spending money like a Democrat. Okay? 421 00:22:43,020 --> 00:22:46,980 But it's okay, because you have to invest in these things in Georgetown. 422 00:22:46,980 --> 00:22:49,100 We do have a banker on here. Yeah. 423 00:22:49,100 --> 00:22:51,600 He's a good friend of mine and sometimes I just cuss at him. 424 00:22:51,600 --> 00:22:53,600 And I'm going, "Look, what the fuck do you want" 425 00:22:53,600 --> 00:22:55,770 "your legacy to be a hundred years from now? 426 00:22:55,770 --> 00:22:58,180 "That you cut the tax rate by a penny? 427 00:22:58,180 --> 00:23:00,640 You want that on your tombstone? Really?" 428 00:23:02,430 --> 00:23:04,640 I didn't run on small ideas, 429 00:23:04,640 --> 00:23:06,980 and I didn't run to go cut ribbons. 430 00:23:06,980 --> 00:23:11,680 I ran to make a change in my community in a meaningful way. 431 00:23:11,680 --> 00:23:14,350 And what we need to do now is we need to spend money. 432 00:23:15,850 --> 00:23:18,930 If we don't spend money right now in this economy, 433 00:23:18,930 --> 00:23:21,600 what, we're going to spend money 434 00:23:21,600 --> 00:23:23,930 when we go back in a recession? No! 435 00:23:23,930 --> 00:23:27,020 Oh. We got to spend the money now. 436 00:23:27,020 --> 00:23:28,470 Money. 437 00:23:29,640 --> 00:23:32,640 Lots of it in the Bay Area these days. 438 00:23:32,640 --> 00:23:36,180 And more and more of it's headed towards clean energy products. 439 00:23:38,020 --> 00:23:40,560 Quick Rack is fully tested and... 440 00:23:40,560 --> 00:23:42,680 Hydro-helio. That sounds good. 441 00:23:42,680 --> 00:23:44,640 So it's designed as a giant LEGO. 442 00:23:44,640 --> 00:23:47,180 You build it as modular as you want. 443 00:23:47,180 --> 00:23:49,680 This got my attention 'cause it reminds me of the Good Humour truck. 444 00:23:49,680 --> 00:23:52,020 I expect to open that and see some ice cream or something. 445 00:23:52,020 --> 00:23:53,470 There's some beer in there, no ice cream. 446 00:23:53,470 --> 00:23:57,470 But it's a DC refrigerator, so just solar direct into it. 447 00:23:57,470 --> 00:23:58,930 I love the model. 448 00:23:58,930 --> 00:24:01,520 Yeah, yeah, yeah. It's like, "No drought going on here." 449 00:24:01,520 --> 00:24:03,350 Oh, I knocked over your powerline! 450 00:24:03,350 --> 00:24:04,980 Okay. Holy cow. Call the system. 451 00:24:04,980 --> 00:24:06,850 Be careful, these are high voltage, yeah? Yeah. 452 00:24:06,850 --> 00:24:09,100 There is so many options here. 453 00:24:09,100 --> 00:24:11,350 I'm totally freakin' overwhelmed. 454 00:24:12,680 --> 00:24:15,520 You have 60 seconds to pitch your idea 455 00:24:15,520 --> 00:24:18,430 to an investor industry exec that is sitting in front of you, 456 00:24:18,430 --> 00:24:20,060 and then entrepreneurs 457 00:24:20,060 --> 00:24:22,390 will get up and move to the chair to your right. 458 00:24:22,390 --> 00:24:24,890 So this is like solar speed dating. 459 00:24:26,890 --> 00:24:30,890 We've never met I don't think. I certainly know your name. I know who you guys are. 460 00:24:30,890 --> 00:24:34,140 Is that a fully integrated solution or are you just selling the batteries? 461 00:24:34,140 --> 00:24:36,020 It's a fully integrated solution. 462 00:24:36,020 --> 00:24:40,100 With our software platform, we just want to sell and support as much of it as possible. 463 00:24:40,100 --> 00:24:43,060 That would be an awesome... They're not going to be developing their own... 464 00:24:45,600 --> 00:24:48,890 In 47 states, by next year, solar will be as cheap 465 00:24:48,890 --> 00:24:51,140 if not cheaper than fossil fuel. 466 00:24:51,140 --> 00:24:53,390 Forty-seven. Forty-seven states. 467 00:24:53,390 --> 00:24:54,890 Who are those three? 468 00:24:54,890 --> 00:24:56,390 Well, there's actually... Alaska? 469 00:24:56,390 --> 00:24:59,270 ...five states including Florida, where solar still is illegal. 470 00:24:59,270 --> 00:25:02,560 So... I know. Crazy. Wow. 471 00:25:02,560 --> 00:25:04,600 And they're just missing out. It's like, at this point, 472 00:25:04,600 --> 00:25:06,100 why wouldn't you... Yeah. 473 00:25:06,100 --> 00:25:08,560 ...when it's, you know, creating more jobs than Google, Apple, 474 00:25:08,560 --> 00:25:10,430 Facebook, and Twitter combined in the US? 475 00:25:10,430 --> 00:25:12,600 That's how many people the solar industry employs. 476 00:25:12,600 --> 00:25:14,770 Where are the jobs? What's going on? 477 00:25:14,770 --> 00:25:17,600 So unlike fossil fuel where it's all top-down and centralized, 478 00:25:17,600 --> 00:25:20,470 it's inherently decentralized, it's distributed, 479 00:25:20,470 --> 00:25:23,640 and it democratizes energy production and consumption. 480 00:25:23,640 --> 00:25:25,850 And that requires a lot of jobs, that requires a lot of hands. 481 00:25:25,850 --> 00:25:28,980 One nuclear power plant only needs so many people to operate it. 482 00:25:28,980 --> 00:25:33,310 Mini microgrids on homes around the country requires a lot of labour. 483 00:25:33,310 --> 00:25:36,600 Solar used to be about hardware, it was about panels. 484 00:25:36,600 --> 00:25:38,640 It was technological, and now we're moving 485 00:25:38,640 --> 00:25:40,350 to the place where it's psychological. 486 00:25:40,350 --> 00:25:42,140 It's about how to change minds and hearts, 487 00:25:42,140 --> 00:25:44,640 and give people a choice in where their energy comes from. 488 00:25:44,640 --> 00:25:46,850 And the companies that are up here today are doing that. 489 00:25:46,850 --> 00:25:49,980 They're using software and finance to make solar 490 00:25:49,980 --> 00:25:52,810 the most abundant and affordable energy resource in the world. 491 00:25:52,810 --> 00:25:54,980 Well, thank you so much for taking the time. You're welcome. 492 00:25:54,980 --> 00:25:56,560 Do you go off at the end of this evening 493 00:25:56,560 --> 00:25:58,220 like a lot of people that have conventions 494 00:25:58,220 --> 00:26:00,220 and party it up, do something fun, or what? 495 00:26:00,220 --> 00:26:02,980 Of course. I hope we're going to Solar Battle of the Bands. What happens? 496 00:26:02,980 --> 00:26:04,140 That's my plan. 497 00:26:08,890 --> 00:26:15,640 ♪ Come sunrise, putting power on the grid ♪ 498 00:26:15,640 --> 00:26:17,810 So, clean energy products seem to be moving 499 00:26:17,810 --> 00:26:19,850 off the shelves at a good pace. 500 00:26:19,850 --> 00:26:22,930 But who was actually making these products and where? 501 00:26:22,930 --> 00:26:26,020 As it turned out, the largest solar panel manufacturing plant 502 00:26:26,020 --> 00:26:29,850 in the western hemisphere had just broken ground in Buffalo, New York. 503 00:26:39,770 --> 00:26:43,520 Put that on. There you go, and it's got that Velcro... 504 00:26:44,850 --> 00:26:47,140 All right, we going to go four-wheeling? 505 00:26:47,140 --> 00:26:49,640 Yeah, I figured you were ready for it. All right, good. 506 00:26:51,850 --> 00:26:54,850 This 88-acre parcel is what will now host 507 00:26:54,850 --> 00:26:58,520 the SolarCity panel manufacturing facility. 508 00:26:59,470 --> 00:27:02,060 But the state said, "We will finance 509 00:27:02,060 --> 00:27:04,270 "the construction of the building, 510 00:27:04,270 --> 00:27:06,850 "and we will also finance the baseline equipment 511 00:27:06,850 --> 00:27:08,930 "that you need to function within that building. 512 00:27:08,930 --> 00:27:10,850 And you'll be our tenants in that building." 513 00:27:10,850 --> 00:27:14,890 SolarCity said, "What you've got going in Buffalo sounds great, 514 00:27:14,890 --> 00:27:19,140 "but you're thinking about building a 225,000 square-foot structure. 515 00:27:19,140 --> 00:27:23,890 We want to do a 1.2 million square-foot structure." Whoa! 516 00:27:23,890 --> 00:27:27,600 Almost overnight, Buffalo was made 517 00:27:27,600 --> 00:27:30,060 one of the centers of the solar industry 518 00:27:30,060 --> 00:27:32,020 in the United States, if not the world. 519 00:27:33,890 --> 00:27:36,140 When my parents were born and raised in the '30s, 520 00:27:36,140 --> 00:27:40,270 even with the Depression, Buffalo was a mighty industrial community. 521 00:27:40,270 --> 00:27:43,350 It had all the steel mills and all the other manufacturing facilities. 522 00:27:44,350 --> 00:27:45,890 They saw it all starting to fall apart. 523 00:27:45,890 --> 00:27:47,390 We really saw it fall apart. 524 00:27:48,640 --> 00:27:51,770 This facility will put more people to work... 525 00:27:51,770 --> 00:27:54,060 approximately 3,000 people... 526 00:27:54,060 --> 00:27:56,680 than the steel plant that once sat here, 527 00:27:56,680 --> 00:28:00,390 that actually polluted the community, that we're still dealing with. 528 00:28:07,520 --> 00:28:11,730 All we've ever wanted is to have a community again, 529 00:28:11,730 --> 00:28:14,270 like what our parents took for granted. Yeah. 530 00:28:14,270 --> 00:28:17,730 That it's vibrant, vital, sustainable... 531 00:28:19,100 --> 00:28:20,640 hip. You know? Yeah, yeah. 532 00:28:20,640 --> 00:28:21,810 And it's got all that. 533 00:28:21,810 --> 00:28:23,770 ♪ East Coast, where you at? Let me get... ♪ 534 00:28:23,770 --> 00:28:26,430 Buffalo, a city on the rebound, 535 00:28:26,430 --> 00:28:28,100 economically for sure. 536 00:28:28,100 --> 00:28:29,770 But it didn't seem to stop there. 537 00:28:29,770 --> 00:28:32,350 The social fabric was rebounding as well, 538 00:28:32,350 --> 00:28:35,020 and renewable energy was no small part of it. 539 00:28:42,020 --> 00:28:43,470 PUSH Buffalo. 540 00:28:43,470 --> 00:28:46,310 Basically they're about creating 541 00:28:46,310 --> 00:28:49,640 sort of energy-independent affordable housing. 542 00:28:49,640 --> 00:28:51,730 The idea being, making their own power, 543 00:28:51,730 --> 00:28:54,470 they're conserving, making it affordable. 544 00:28:54,470 --> 00:28:56,930 So, I got to check with these folks. 545 00:28:56,930 --> 00:28:58,060 Well, PUSH stands 546 00:28:58,060 --> 00:29:00,310 for People United for Sustainable Housing. 547 00:29:00,310 --> 00:29:02,680 It came about in 2005. 548 00:29:02,680 --> 00:29:04,850 They are a non-profit organization. 549 00:29:04,850 --> 00:29:06,310 What do you call this? 550 00:29:06,310 --> 00:29:09,310 This is basically a small area 551 00:29:09,310 --> 00:29:12,560 that we're taking care of, doing green infrastructure on the west side of Buffalo. 552 00:29:12,560 --> 00:29:14,100 Most of the people that garden here... 553 00:29:14,100 --> 00:29:16,220 Solar as a sector is killing 554 00:29:16,220 --> 00:29:18,180 the rest of the economy with job creation, 555 00:29:18,180 --> 00:29:19,730 so we know that there's potential there, 556 00:29:19,730 --> 00:29:21,140 and we want to bring that potential home 557 00:29:21,140 --> 00:29:22,390 to roost here in the neighbourhood. 558 00:29:22,390 --> 00:29:25,180 We want that rebound to include everybody. 559 00:29:25,180 --> 00:29:27,640 What's your favorite thing? Mmm, banana. 560 00:29:27,640 --> 00:29:29,850 - Banana? - Ah. 561 00:29:29,850 --> 00:29:31,850 When did you start actually working on houses? 562 00:29:31,850 --> 00:29:34,350 We did. So, yeah, I think right when the organization started, 563 00:29:34,350 --> 00:29:36,890 one of the co-founders bought a property 564 00:29:36,890 --> 00:29:38,220 in the neighbourhood here. 565 00:29:38,220 --> 00:29:41,100 We actually put together some local tradespeople, like Eddie, 566 00:29:41,100 --> 00:29:44,020 and put him to work on that first house that was purchased, 567 00:29:44,020 --> 00:29:47,520 kind of a volunteer brigade that rehabbed it on a shoestring budget. 568 00:29:47,520 --> 00:29:49,600 From there, you know, we went after funding 569 00:29:49,600 --> 00:29:53,890 with our state affordable housing agencies, some charitable foundations. 570 00:29:53,890 --> 00:29:57,270 By the end of this year, we'll have 60 units 571 00:29:57,270 --> 00:29:59,520 of affordable housing occupied. 572 00:30:00,560 --> 00:30:04,140 As you see, the gutter system here 573 00:30:04,140 --> 00:30:07,020 runs down to our rain garden back here. 574 00:30:08,980 --> 00:30:10,220 And as you can see, 575 00:30:10,220 --> 00:30:12,520 we have solar panels top of this house. 576 00:30:12,520 --> 00:30:16,520 And what you don't see is up under the panelling here, 577 00:30:16,520 --> 00:30:18,560 we have radiant floor heating, 578 00:30:18,560 --> 00:30:22,520 which will also help save money on your heating bills. 579 00:30:22,520 --> 00:30:26,560 The south face of the roof, there's a solar thermal system, 580 00:30:26,560 --> 00:30:29,180 and that provides all the domestic hot water in the house. 581 00:30:29,180 --> 00:30:32,520 So anytime Maxine draws water for a bath, 582 00:30:32,520 --> 00:30:35,020 that water has been preheated by the sun. 583 00:30:37,100 --> 00:30:41,060 It's very cool in here. Yes, the way that it's made, 584 00:30:41,060 --> 00:30:43,060 we got radiant floors. 585 00:30:43,060 --> 00:30:44,350 Right. So, okay. 586 00:30:44,350 --> 00:30:45,430 So that's what I got to remember. 587 00:30:45,430 --> 00:30:48,140 Like, having a floor that's got mild 588 00:30:48,140 --> 00:30:50,930 or just sort of 60-degree water 589 00:30:50,930 --> 00:30:52,890 will keep it from getting too cold in the winter, 590 00:30:52,890 --> 00:30:55,680 but in the summer that's going to keep you cool. 591 00:30:55,680 --> 00:30:57,100 Yes. Yes. It goes both ways. 592 00:30:57,100 --> 00:30:59,350 So does it take much from you? 593 00:30:59,350 --> 00:31:00,850 Do you have to do anything or is it... 594 00:31:00,850 --> 00:31:02,430 or are they just sort of doing their own thing 595 00:31:02,430 --> 00:31:03,770 on your roof, the solar panels? 596 00:31:03,770 --> 00:31:06,270 They do... I don't have to do nothing. 597 00:31:06,270 --> 00:31:09,600 Does the electricity from those panels go into the grid? 598 00:31:09,600 --> 00:31:12,270 It flows into the grid, and... and basically, 599 00:31:12,270 --> 00:31:14,560 the amount that flows is kind of set 600 00:31:14,560 --> 00:31:16,600 against the amount that Maxine would consume, 601 00:31:16,600 --> 00:31:19,470 and if her system produces more than she uses, 602 00:31:19,470 --> 00:31:22,100 then she'll get a credit on her bill. 603 00:31:22,100 --> 00:31:25,220 So, what do you hear from the neighbours? 604 00:31:25,220 --> 00:31:27,640 They want to know about it. 605 00:31:27,640 --> 00:31:32,430 Tell them how to get involved 'cause change just doesn't happen. 606 00:31:32,430 --> 00:31:36,100 It takes a process. You got to work at it. 607 00:31:36,100 --> 00:31:41,470 And PUSH is working hard, forming relationships to get things changed. 608 00:31:41,470 --> 00:31:44,350 The state's committed to this transition, 609 00:31:44,350 --> 00:31:46,680 and we want to make sure the people are leading that, 610 00:31:46,680 --> 00:31:48,520 and that they have ownership opportunities, 611 00:31:48,520 --> 00:31:51,520 that they have ways to redistribute those economic benefits, 612 00:31:51,520 --> 00:31:54,810 the environmental benefits right in their neighbourhood. 613 00:31:56,470 --> 00:31:59,020 Some people might be surprised that Buffalo 614 00:31:59,020 --> 00:32:02,520 is now a player in the new energy economy. 615 00:32:02,520 --> 00:32:04,930 But it's not as surprising as you might think. 616 00:32:04,930 --> 00:32:07,600 If you drive 20 minutes north, you'll see a network 617 00:32:07,600 --> 00:32:09,850 of Canadian and American power plants 618 00:32:09,850 --> 00:32:12,060 making clean energy from moving water. 619 00:32:15,390 --> 00:32:19,180 Five million cubic feet every 60 seconds. 620 00:32:19,180 --> 00:32:21,100 If you look at the word "renewable" 621 00:32:21,100 --> 00:32:24,180 and "generating power," the one that's killing it 622 00:32:24,180 --> 00:32:26,470 is the one that's been killing it all along. 623 00:32:27,680 --> 00:32:29,020 Hydroelectric power. 624 00:32:29,980 --> 00:32:32,520 Two million kilowatts on this side, 625 00:32:32,520 --> 00:32:35,220 two million on that side. How much power is that? 626 00:32:35,220 --> 00:32:37,220 Four million kilowatts, a whole lot of power! 627 00:32:37,220 --> 00:32:38,930 What can you do with four million kilowatts? 628 00:32:38,930 --> 00:32:42,350 You can power up seven states and two provinces, 629 00:32:42,350 --> 00:32:44,600 which is what they do with this. Wow. 630 00:32:44,600 --> 00:32:46,520 So it's a lot of power. Yeah. 631 00:32:47,640 --> 00:32:49,100 Stand at the edge of Niagara Falls, 632 00:32:49,100 --> 00:32:54,220 and it's easy to see the allure of massive hydropower. 633 00:32:54,220 --> 00:32:58,600 And yet, this kind of clean energy... well, it's not so clean. 634 00:32:59,560 --> 00:33:02,220 Hoover Dam, Grand Cooley Dam, 635 00:33:02,220 --> 00:33:03,730 Garrison Dam... 636 00:33:03,730 --> 00:33:06,680 buried under their deep waters are scenic rivers, 637 00:33:06,680 --> 00:33:09,890 historic towns, sacred Indian lands. 638 00:33:13,430 --> 00:33:16,020 If only there was a way to capture all that hydropower 639 00:33:16,020 --> 00:33:18,100 without so much destruction, right? 640 00:33:19,140 --> 00:33:22,140 Well, some smart folks have done just that 641 00:33:22,140 --> 00:33:25,270 amidst the vast farmlands of Central Oregon. 642 00:33:26,810 --> 00:33:28,100 Look where we are, right? 643 00:33:28,100 --> 00:33:30,600 I mean, if I was cruising down this road, 644 00:33:30,600 --> 00:33:32,680 and I went by this building, 645 00:33:32,680 --> 00:33:34,100 I would say... 646 00:33:35,930 --> 00:33:38,730 flow control, overflow building, 647 00:33:38,730 --> 00:33:42,810 maybe some water-quality monitoring station. 648 00:33:42,810 --> 00:33:46,640 I would have no idea that that's generating energy. 649 00:33:46,640 --> 00:33:48,680 Yeah, and that's kind of, you know... 650 00:33:48,680 --> 00:33:50,430 maybe not the whole point, but one of the points. 651 00:33:50,430 --> 00:33:52,640 To take this existing infrastructure... 652 00:33:52,640 --> 00:33:54,470 so one important piece to understand of course, 653 00:33:54,470 --> 00:33:58,180 is that the water that you see coming over that concrete drop right there, 654 00:33:58,180 --> 00:34:01,560 that is the original irrigation canal drop structure. 655 00:34:01,560 --> 00:34:03,850 So if you wipe away the building itself, 656 00:34:03,850 --> 00:34:07,220 basically that channel continuing all the way down stream 657 00:34:07,220 --> 00:34:09,730 has been here, again, for something like seven or eight decades. 658 00:34:09,730 --> 00:34:12,810 The design objective that we have is to basically 659 00:34:12,810 --> 00:34:17,140 be able to come in, put some power capture on this... these existing drops, 660 00:34:17,140 --> 00:34:20,140 but do so in a way that, yeah, doesn't really disturb the landscape, 661 00:34:20,140 --> 00:34:21,640 that someone just driving by 662 00:34:21,640 --> 00:34:23,890 would not necessarily have to know, per Se, 663 00:34:23,890 --> 00:34:27,100 that something had really changed on the canal in any particular way. 664 00:34:28,980 --> 00:34:30,810 Our father had the idea 665 00:34:30,810 --> 00:34:34,140 that making ecologically sustainable hydro 666 00:34:34,140 --> 00:34:36,890 is something that everyone can get behind. 667 00:34:36,890 --> 00:34:39,140 He was a sailor and a pilot, 668 00:34:39,140 --> 00:34:41,310 and he had this idea of, 669 00:34:41,310 --> 00:34:46,100 "What if we could create a hydropower turbine 670 00:34:46,100 --> 00:34:49,770 "that uses the same kind of concepts that we use in sailing 671 00:34:49,770 --> 00:34:55,310 where you can scale to really large power with low-pressure flow?" 672 00:35:00,430 --> 00:35:04,180 When the electricity from this unit is sold, 673 00:35:04,180 --> 00:35:06,520 who's buying it and who gets the dough? 674 00:35:06,520 --> 00:35:09,390 The electricity from this project specifically 675 00:35:09,390 --> 00:35:11,390 will be purchased by PacifiCorp, 676 00:35:11,390 --> 00:35:15,270 which is a utility that has a big footprint across the Northwest. 677 00:35:15,270 --> 00:35:19,220 And the project itself was actually, uh, developed in partnership 678 00:35:19,220 --> 00:35:24,520 with the irrigation district, but was purchased by Apple. 679 00:35:24,520 --> 00:35:25,890 Purchased by them? 680 00:35:27,350 --> 00:35:31,020 So Apple was getting into the microhydro business? 681 00:35:31,020 --> 00:35:33,180 What was that all about? 682 00:35:40,470 --> 00:35:42,100 The Apple Data Center, 683 00:35:42,100 --> 00:35:45,430 in the middle of eastern Oregon. 684 00:35:45,430 --> 00:35:47,430 When you think of the iCloud, 685 00:35:47,430 --> 00:35:49,100 this is where it all happens. 686 00:35:49,100 --> 00:35:52,810 So tell me, in the grand scheme of things, 687 00:35:52,810 --> 00:35:54,520 where is Apple with how much 688 00:35:54,520 --> 00:35:55,930 renewable energy it uses? 689 00:35:55,930 --> 00:35:57,270 So in the United States, 690 00:35:57,270 --> 00:35:58,850 every facility that we have, 691 00:35:58,850 --> 00:36:00,020 every Apple facility 692 00:36:00,020 --> 00:36:02,270 is 100 percent renewably powered. 693 00:36:02,270 --> 00:36:04,980 Around the world... Wait a minute, wait a minute. 694 00:36:04,980 --> 00:36:08,180 Every store? Every store in the United States, 695 00:36:08,180 --> 00:36:10,270 every office building that we have... 696 00:36:10,270 --> 00:36:12,890 of course our big complex, our home in Cupertino, 697 00:36:12,890 --> 00:36:16,430 but also in Elk Grove, California, in Austin, Texas... 698 00:36:16,430 --> 00:36:18,100 a hundred percent renewably powered. 699 00:36:18,100 --> 00:36:21,100 And then our four data centers, also a hundred percent. 700 00:36:21,100 --> 00:36:24,680 And around the world we are 87 percent renewably powered. 701 00:36:24,680 --> 00:36:28,470 You were at the Natel site, so you know that we don't stop 702 00:36:28,470 --> 00:36:31,980 at the conventionally available sources of energy. 703 00:36:31,980 --> 00:36:35,560 We could buy and we do buy wind power from the grid here in Oregon. 704 00:36:35,560 --> 00:36:37,180 Right. And that's great. 705 00:36:37,180 --> 00:36:39,770 And we actually buy solar in California, and that's great. 706 00:36:39,770 --> 00:36:43,890 But when we decided that we needed a data center in North Carolina, 707 00:36:43,890 --> 00:36:45,770 if we had gone with the grid mix, 708 00:36:45,770 --> 00:36:48,640 we would've been using a significant amount of electricity 709 00:36:48,640 --> 00:36:51,600 from coal or nuclear or natural gas. 710 00:36:51,600 --> 00:36:55,140 And so what we did there is we built our own solar farm. 711 00:36:57,890 --> 00:36:59,470 All right, let's take a look. 712 00:37:01,810 --> 00:37:03,470 Think about what a data center is. 713 00:37:03,470 --> 00:37:06,680 It's, you know, servers working all the time. 714 00:37:06,680 --> 00:37:09,310 So if we know we're going to use a lot of power, 715 00:37:09,310 --> 00:37:11,270 if we know how much that power costs, 716 00:37:11,270 --> 00:37:15,140 if we have control over our source of energy, that's a huge business advantage for us. 717 00:37:15,140 --> 00:37:18,350 Yeah, because, you know, you're not subject to the spikes 718 00:37:18,350 --> 00:37:19,930 and the volatile energy prices, 719 00:37:19,930 --> 00:37:22,350 and you know where it is and you're making it yourself. 720 00:37:24,980 --> 00:37:27,640 You've got to be kidding me. 721 00:37:31,060 --> 00:37:33,180 How do I get my hands around how huge this is? 722 00:37:33,180 --> 00:37:35,470 Let me just put you in sort of virtual world. 723 00:37:35,470 --> 00:37:39,850 Every single day, hundreds of billions of iMessages, 724 00:37:39,850 --> 00:37:43,890 billions of photos, and then millions of FaceTime chats... 725 00:37:43,890 --> 00:37:46,980 all that has to happen, it has to happen quickly, 726 00:37:46,980 --> 00:37:49,470 and these are the centers that make that happen. 727 00:37:49,470 --> 00:37:52,560 Instead of having to use conventional energy, 728 00:37:52,560 --> 00:37:54,600 brown power, it's all clean. 729 00:37:54,600 --> 00:37:57,180 You know we're here in high desert. 730 00:37:57,180 --> 00:37:59,680 There's no air conditioning in the server rooms. 731 00:37:59,680 --> 00:38:03,020 The facility is cooled 70 percent of the year 732 00:38:03,020 --> 00:38:04,060 with outside air. 733 00:38:04,060 --> 00:38:05,520 Today, it's a little bit warmer, 734 00:38:05,520 --> 00:38:08,930 but it's cooled with air running over wet material. 735 00:38:08,930 --> 00:38:10,470 Just evaporative cooling. 736 00:38:11,810 --> 00:38:13,560 There's a high likelihood that right now 737 00:38:13,560 --> 00:38:16,640 my daughter is FaceTiming with her boyfriend. 738 00:38:16,640 --> 00:38:19,020 Yeah, I know, my sons too. Is there any... 739 00:38:19,020 --> 00:38:23,220 What are the chances that that's happening in here somewhere? 740 00:38:23,220 --> 00:38:24,640 Pretty likely. Really? 741 00:38:24,640 --> 00:38:26,520 Pretty likely. She's on this coast, 742 00:38:26,520 --> 00:38:28,600 that data is moving through here somewhere. 743 00:38:30,850 --> 00:38:32,520 Is there a moment in the last decade 744 00:38:32,520 --> 00:38:36,270 in terms of energy, renewables, and efficiency... does anything stand out? 745 00:38:36,270 --> 00:38:41,060 Probably five or six years ago I used to say, "I know it's going to change," 746 00:38:41,060 --> 00:38:43,560 because I know when I talk to young people, 747 00:38:43,560 --> 00:38:46,180 they're not even questioning that this is happening. 748 00:38:46,180 --> 00:38:50,060 They just understand it, feel like it's just happening. 749 00:38:57,390 --> 00:38:59,430 Okay, well, full disclosure here: 750 00:38:59,430 --> 00:39:03,100 I looked into solar panels for my home over a decade ago, 751 00:39:03,100 --> 00:39:04,640 but they were way more expensive 752 00:39:04,640 --> 00:39:06,270 and less effective in those days. 753 00:39:06,270 --> 00:39:08,930 And the sales guy? Well, he just kind of bugged me. 754 00:39:08,930 --> 00:39:11,310 Come on in! But after a decade of improvements, 755 00:39:11,310 --> 00:39:13,640 solar panels have gotten way more affordable. 756 00:39:13,640 --> 00:39:16,100 And folks like me who either can't 757 00:39:16,100 --> 00:39:18,520 or don't want to fork out the bucks for panels, 758 00:39:18,520 --> 00:39:21,850 there are now companies that will put their panels on your roof 759 00:39:21,850 --> 00:39:26,270 and sell you the electricity, often for less than you're currently paying. 760 00:39:26,270 --> 00:39:27,680 What's not to love about that? 761 00:39:27,680 --> 00:39:31,180 It starts with determining 762 00:39:31,180 --> 00:39:33,600 where the best positioning is on the house 763 00:39:33,600 --> 00:39:36,060 to get the most out of your solar panels, 764 00:39:36,060 --> 00:39:37,430 and designing it from there. 765 00:39:37,430 --> 00:39:39,520 So each panel has its own inverter? 766 00:39:39,520 --> 00:39:41,020 Yeah, if one of these goes out, 767 00:39:41,020 --> 00:39:42,350 it doesn't affect the other ones. 768 00:39:42,350 --> 00:39:43,520 The entire system, yeah. 769 00:39:43,520 --> 00:39:44,730 Yeah. With some of the other... 770 00:39:44,730 --> 00:39:46,520 Sort of like the better kind of Christmas lights. 771 00:39:46,520 --> 00:39:49,310 Exactly like the better kind of Christmas lights. 772 00:39:49,310 --> 00:39:50,770 That's... no, that's exactly what it is. 773 00:39:50,770 --> 00:39:53,010 It doesn't take the whole system down. Yeah, uh-huh. 774 00:39:59,980 --> 00:40:01,560 Here I have this car charger. 775 00:40:01,560 --> 00:40:04,310 Is that charger actually accessing 776 00:40:04,310 --> 00:40:07,560 the solar-charged electrons from my roof? 777 00:40:07,560 --> 00:40:09,930 Essentially, once your system is active, 778 00:40:09,930 --> 00:40:11,770 we are feeding your house 779 00:40:11,770 --> 00:40:13,470 with solar power. 780 00:40:13,470 --> 00:40:14,520 So your car charger 781 00:40:14,520 --> 00:40:15,980 will be feeding off of that, 782 00:40:15,980 --> 00:40:18,470 and your house will be feeding off of that. 783 00:40:18,470 --> 00:40:20,310 I'm driving a solar-powered car. 784 00:40:20,310 --> 00:40:21,770 Oh, cool! 785 00:40:21,770 --> 00:40:23,560 That works. 786 00:40:37,680 --> 00:40:39,810 I realized, "What's the point of having solar 787 00:40:39,810 --> 00:40:41,890 if you've got super crappy light bulbs?" 788 00:40:41,890 --> 00:40:47,350 So I'm going for the overall upgrade option. 789 00:40:55,770 --> 00:40:59,220 Yeah, just inhaled some flame retardants. 790 00:40:59,220 --> 00:41:02,060 I'd rather do more than less... 791 00:41:02,060 --> 00:41:05,430 more workouts instead of less ice cream, that sort of thing. 792 00:41:05,430 --> 00:41:09,560 So the notion of efficiency has never really lit me up. 793 00:41:09,560 --> 00:41:11,060 But waste is waste, 794 00:41:11,060 --> 00:41:14,180 and if I was going to be making clean energy, why waste it? 795 00:41:17,020 --> 00:41:18,060 - Hey! - Hey, Jamie. 796 00:41:18,060 --> 00:41:19,560 How are you, Brian? Good, how are you? 797 00:41:19,560 --> 00:41:21,220 Good to see you. Yeah, good to see you again. 798 00:41:21,220 --> 00:41:22,220 Yeah. 799 00:41:23,730 --> 00:41:25,390 Give it to me straight, Doc. 800 00:41:25,390 --> 00:41:26,890 You know, the report's great. 801 00:41:26,890 --> 00:41:28,890 It provides you with a road map 802 00:41:28,890 --> 00:41:31,770 of what you might be able to do towards, 803 00:41:31,770 --> 00:41:33,560 you know, energy efficiency improvements, 804 00:41:33,560 --> 00:41:36,390 comfort, air quality, everything outlined herein. 805 00:41:36,390 --> 00:41:38,180 The building shell, we have two arenas: 806 00:41:38,180 --> 00:41:40,890 One is the amount of draft, and one is insulation. 807 00:41:40,890 --> 00:41:45,470 We used the blower door and that sucked all the air out of the house, 808 00:41:45,470 --> 00:41:49,270 and air starts coming in from all these other places. 809 00:41:49,270 --> 00:41:50,850 Can lights from the top. 810 00:41:50,850 --> 00:41:52,680 Jeez, I never even thought about that. 811 00:41:52,680 --> 00:41:56,100 Yeah. Supply boots, that's part of your heating system. 812 00:41:56,100 --> 00:41:59,560 The amount of energy going into this unit, 813 00:41:59,560 --> 00:42:03,140 only 80 percent of it comes out, so you're losing 20 cents on the dollar... 814 00:42:03,140 --> 00:42:06,430 That sounds really bad. ...and you're just dumping carbon monoxide into the garage. 815 00:42:06,430 --> 00:42:08,140 Oh, that's nice. 816 00:42:08,140 --> 00:42:12,680 Thank you. So, um, give me the bottom line, Doc. 817 00:42:12,680 --> 00:42:14,730 What do you think's the most overt, 818 00:42:14,730 --> 00:42:17,680 simple, obvious, for-dummies thing to do is? 819 00:42:17,680 --> 00:42:19,930 Turn your temperature down on your water heater. 820 00:42:19,930 --> 00:42:22,730 Really? Yeah, that's the turn of a dial. 821 00:42:22,730 --> 00:42:26,980 That's such good news. Turn it down to 120, and you're saving money. 822 00:42:28,390 --> 00:42:30,470 It's so easy, isn't it? Yeah, there's a... 823 00:42:30,470 --> 00:42:32,930 there's a long list of simple stuff and... 824 00:42:32,930 --> 00:42:34,390 Really? Yeah. 825 00:42:34,390 --> 00:42:36,640 Long list, but simple? Yeah. 826 00:42:36,640 --> 00:42:38,100 I can deal with that. Yeah. 827 00:42:40,640 --> 00:42:43,180 So I just finished my first month 828 00:42:43,180 --> 00:42:44,890 with my panels on the house, 829 00:42:44,890 --> 00:42:46,980 so I thought I'd check and see how it went, 830 00:42:46,980 --> 00:42:48,810 how much power I made. And it turns out 831 00:42:48,810 --> 00:42:50,980 I made more than I needed. 832 00:42:50,980 --> 00:42:55,140 So, that clean energy went onto the grid 833 00:42:55,140 --> 00:42:57,020 that I didn't need. 834 00:42:57,020 --> 00:42:58,100 Hey, you know what? 835 00:42:59,060 --> 00:43:00,600 Do you know that we made more clean... 836 00:43:01,770 --> 00:43:04,180 we made more clean electrons 837 00:43:04,180 --> 00:43:05,680 than we used last month? 838 00:43:05,680 --> 00:43:07,560 Cool! Yeah. 839 00:43:11,220 --> 00:43:13,850 You don't seem so excited. 840 00:43:13,850 --> 00:43:15,980 No, it's very exciting. Good for us. 841 00:43:18,270 --> 00:43:20,890 Come on! 842 00:43:20,890 --> 00:43:22,520 We're like a solar... 843 00:43:22,520 --> 00:43:24,520 we are a solar household. 844 00:43:24,520 --> 00:43:28,390 Yeah, well, that's like... we're one... one house. 845 00:43:28,390 --> 00:43:31,600 Eight billion houses to go. That's how we're going to go about it. 846 00:43:31,600 --> 00:43:34,180 Jesus. 847 00:43:35,850 --> 00:43:37,390 What a buzzkill. 848 00:43:40,850 --> 00:43:44,180 Okay, so I was doing something about my house, 849 00:43:44,180 --> 00:43:47,270 doing something about my car, 850 00:43:47,270 --> 00:43:50,680 but as annoying as it was, my daughter's point was not lost on me. 851 00:43:52,220 --> 00:43:54,310 What about everything else? 852 00:43:54,310 --> 00:43:56,180 How are we going to tie it all together 853 00:43:56,180 --> 00:43:58,560 and make clean energy work 854 00:43:58,560 --> 00:44:01,270 at the massive scale that it needs to? 855 00:44:08,390 --> 00:44:09,430 Good to see you, Jamie. 856 00:44:09,430 --> 00:44:11,390 The cavalry has arrived. 857 00:44:11,390 --> 00:44:13,100 How you doing? 858 00:44:13,100 --> 00:44:14,560 I don't know, man. 859 00:44:14,560 --> 00:44:17,680 I don't really understand how we're ever, you know... 860 00:44:17,680 --> 00:44:21,220 I-I... I see how we're scaling up the panels, 861 00:44:21,220 --> 00:44:24,140 the centralized, the microhydro. 862 00:44:24,140 --> 00:44:27,140 But in terms of your... our everyday life... Yeah. 863 00:44:27,140 --> 00:44:31,850 ...what is the key to being 100 percent renewable on the grid then? 864 00:44:31,850 --> 00:44:35,270 What components are missing right now that... that need to happen? 865 00:44:35,270 --> 00:44:37,100 To be 100 percent renewable? Yeah. 866 00:44:37,100 --> 00:44:40,470 Energy storage is an imperative. That has to happen. 867 00:44:41,600 --> 00:44:43,350 No way around it. It's weird. 868 00:44:43,350 --> 00:44:45,770 We have storage for like every form of commodity. 869 00:44:45,770 --> 00:44:48,060 We don't go out and pick, every afternoon, 870 00:44:48,060 --> 00:44:50,270 precisely the number of ears of corn 871 00:44:50,270 --> 00:44:52,180 that will be eaten that night. We have silos. 872 00:44:52,180 --> 00:44:54,770 Yes. You know, and we don't expect the rain to fall 873 00:44:54,770 --> 00:44:58,470 in precisely the amount needed for you to shower tomorrow morning. 874 00:44:58,470 --> 00:44:59,850 You know, we have reservoirs. Yes. 875 00:44:59,850 --> 00:45:02,600 We don't do that for energy, for electricity at least, 876 00:45:02,600 --> 00:45:06,100 because it's super, super, super expensive. 877 00:45:06,100 --> 00:45:07,930 But there are a lot of people working on this. 878 00:45:07,930 --> 00:45:11,730 On that topic, I presume at this point you have been to California ISO? 879 00:45:11,730 --> 00:45:13,810 Umm, no, I... You followed the powerlines, right? 880 00:45:13,810 --> 00:45:16,140 No, I did. I followed the power. 881 00:45:16,140 --> 00:45:18,100 If you've been thinking about this topic for this long, 882 00:45:18,100 --> 00:45:20,470 this is the traffic cop of the grid. 883 00:45:20,470 --> 00:45:22,730 We need some system to be able to make sure 884 00:45:22,730 --> 00:45:24,350 that stuff comes on and comes off 885 00:45:24,350 --> 00:45:26,220 without wrecking everything. 886 00:45:26,220 --> 00:45:27,980 That's what Cal ISO does. 887 00:45:27,980 --> 00:45:29,980 Everyday in America, 888 00:45:29,980 --> 00:45:33,140 hundreds of millions of dollars worth of electricity 889 00:45:33,140 --> 00:45:35,310 is made, sold, sent and used 890 00:45:35,310 --> 00:45:37,810 through the use of transmission lines 891 00:45:37,810 --> 00:45:42,560 and relay stations, otherwise known as the power grid. 892 00:45:42,560 --> 00:45:45,220 The California Independent Systems Operator, 893 00:45:45,220 --> 00:45:48,770 or Cal ISO, is one of five US entities 894 00:45:48,770 --> 00:45:50,560 created to make sure these grids 895 00:45:50,560 --> 00:45:55,270 run well 24-7, 365 days a year. 896 00:45:55,270 --> 00:45:57,020 This is where California 897 00:45:57,020 --> 00:45:59,020 electricity all comes together 898 00:45:59,020 --> 00:46:00,310 and sings, right? That's right. 899 00:46:00,310 --> 00:46:01,390 That's right. 900 00:46:01,390 --> 00:46:03,770 The grid started over a hundred years ago. 901 00:46:03,770 --> 00:46:06,560 It started small and it became bigger. 902 00:46:06,560 --> 00:46:10,520 As it became bigger, someone had to manage it. 903 00:46:10,520 --> 00:46:13,930 But now we've found that the scale is even more important. 904 00:46:13,930 --> 00:46:15,890 We have more renewables on the grid. 905 00:46:15,890 --> 00:46:17,850 And that's really what we're grappling with. 906 00:46:17,850 --> 00:46:19,430 As we transition this grid 907 00:46:19,430 --> 00:46:22,520 from one that's got traditional power plants on it 908 00:46:22,520 --> 00:46:24,520 to one that's renewable based, 909 00:46:24,520 --> 00:46:27,520 it may have a few traditional power plants to take care of things... 910 00:46:27,520 --> 00:46:30,390 for instance, when the wind's not blowing and the sun's not shining. 911 00:46:30,390 --> 00:46:34,520 Yeah. Storage is also going to play an important part of this too. 912 00:46:34,520 --> 00:46:37,060 You can't shape solar, you can't shape wind 913 00:46:37,060 --> 00:46:39,560 exactly like you can a traditional power plant, 914 00:46:39,560 --> 00:46:41,470 but you can supplement it with storage. 915 00:46:41,470 --> 00:46:44,730 Big sets of batteries could be used on the system. 916 00:46:44,730 --> 00:46:47,470 Compressed air can be used for storage. 917 00:46:47,470 --> 00:46:49,220 As renewables go on the grid, 918 00:46:49,220 --> 00:46:51,060 we have to open our mind 919 00:46:51,060 --> 00:46:52,770 to how we knit it together. 920 00:46:52,770 --> 00:46:55,810 It's not your parents' or grandparents' grid anymore. 921 00:46:55,810 --> 00:46:59,140 Right. As a matter of fact, several times this Spring, 922 00:46:59,140 --> 00:47:03,560 we had up to 40 percent of our power was provided by renewables. 923 00:47:03,560 --> 00:47:07,220 Those kinds of levels weren't even contemplated 10 years ago. 924 00:47:07,220 --> 00:47:09,430 Really? Wow, that's amazing. Yeah. 925 00:47:09,430 --> 00:47:11,520 So this tells me in a nutshell... 926 00:47:11,520 --> 00:47:13,220 I can tell where the wind is blowing. 927 00:47:13,220 --> 00:47:14,220 It's down south. 928 00:47:14,220 --> 00:47:16,520 Are you overseen by federal or state, 929 00:47:16,520 --> 00:47:20,810 or like what's the authority above the California ISO? 930 00:47:20,810 --> 00:47:22,470 Everybody's got a boss. 931 00:47:22,470 --> 00:47:24,930 In my case, we have a five-member board. 932 00:47:24,930 --> 00:47:27,600 I think it may make sense for you to reach out to one of 'em. 933 00:47:34,390 --> 00:47:36,470 Are you Angelina? Yes, I am. 934 00:47:36,470 --> 00:47:38,430 Oh great. Always. 935 00:47:38,430 --> 00:47:41,730 It took me ages to even find out about the ISO. 936 00:47:41,730 --> 00:47:44,600 Why does it seem so little known? I'm puzzled. 937 00:47:44,600 --> 00:47:46,180 I mean, it's a huge, huge organization. 938 00:47:46,180 --> 00:47:47,810 It means we're doing a good job! 939 00:47:47,810 --> 00:47:50,100 The grid is operating well. 940 00:47:50,100 --> 00:47:51,430 There's no outages, 941 00:47:51,430 --> 00:47:53,390 and you don't know that the grid is there. 942 00:47:53,390 --> 00:47:57,180 I detect an accent. 943 00:47:57,180 --> 00:47:59,140 - I was born in Bulgaria. - Oh. 944 00:47:59,140 --> 00:48:01,310 I became interested in energy early on. 945 00:48:01,310 --> 00:48:03,680 I had the fortune of living in Africa 946 00:48:03,680 --> 00:48:07,140 when I was very young, grew up with very little electricity 947 00:48:07,140 --> 00:48:11,470 or very unreliable electricity where there was electricity. 948 00:48:11,470 --> 00:48:13,220 We returned back to Bulgaria. 949 00:48:13,220 --> 00:48:16,140 That was another interesting perception 950 00:48:16,140 --> 00:48:19,640 in terms of energy and how energy can form your future. 951 00:48:19,640 --> 00:48:21,270 There was the Chernobyl accident. 952 00:48:21,270 --> 00:48:23,390 An accident has occurred 953 00:48:23,390 --> 00:48:25,810 at the Chernobyl atomic power plant 954 00:48:25,810 --> 00:48:28,770 as one of the atomic reactors was damaged. 955 00:48:34,430 --> 00:48:37,180 One of the things you hear about the argument for nuclear 956 00:48:37,180 --> 00:48:41,020 is people say, "Well, look, we've got to get a lot more energy" 957 00:48:41,020 --> 00:48:44,520 "out into the world in order to meet the demands of... 958 00:48:44,520 --> 00:48:47,520 "of humanity, and we're never going to get 959 00:48:47,520 --> 00:48:50,850 that amount of energy created unless we go nuclear." 960 00:48:50,850 --> 00:48:52,680 I have a very different point of view. 961 00:48:52,680 --> 00:48:56,730 We don't need to be recreating nuclear energy down here on Earth. 962 00:48:56,730 --> 00:48:57,680 We already have the sun. 963 00:48:57,680 --> 00:48:59,560 We have plenty of nuclear energy 964 00:48:59,560 --> 00:49:01,770 hitting the Earth every single day. 965 00:49:01,770 --> 00:49:04,850 If we were able to capture the solar insulation 966 00:49:04,850 --> 00:49:07,350 that hits the globe every single day, 967 00:49:07,350 --> 00:49:09,220 just for two minutes, and store it, 968 00:49:09,220 --> 00:49:11,730 we could power the whole globe for a year, 969 00:49:11,730 --> 00:49:14,680 even the billion people who have no electricity right now. 970 00:49:15,850 --> 00:49:19,430 How do we work to get to 50, 60, 70, 80, 971 00:49:19,430 --> 00:49:21,350 even 100 percent renewable 972 00:49:21,350 --> 00:49:23,730 into the future and what that time frame would be? 973 00:49:23,730 --> 00:49:28,930 We believe that the ISOs are going to be major players in making that a reality. 974 00:49:30,390 --> 00:49:33,730 Finally, I was seeing how it could all come together, 975 00:49:33,730 --> 00:49:37,100 but I had forgotten about one little thing: 976 00:49:37,100 --> 00:49:38,560 politics. 977 00:49:38,560 --> 00:49:40,890 It's no secret that folks here in our valley 978 00:49:40,890 --> 00:49:44,220 are fuming over the latest change with solar rates. 979 00:49:44,220 --> 00:49:45,520 They feel cheated after making 980 00:49:45,520 --> 00:49:47,270 an investment in solar energy. 981 00:49:47,270 --> 00:49:49,060 And today, hundreds of those people 982 00:49:49,060 --> 00:49:51,060 made a very clear point about it. 983 00:49:51,060 --> 00:49:53,520 The original decision calls for an increased service charge 984 00:49:53,520 --> 00:49:56,060 for rooftop solar users, as well as a reduction 985 00:49:56,060 --> 00:49:58,060 in the amount of money homeowners are reimbursed 986 00:49:58,060 --> 00:50:00,890 for excess power produced by their solar arrays. 987 00:50:00,890 --> 00:50:03,020 Right now, people who generate solar energy 988 00:50:03,020 --> 00:50:05,810 get reimbursed by NV Energy for what they don't use 989 00:50:05,810 --> 00:50:07,890 at about 11 cents a kilowatt hour. 990 00:50:07,890 --> 00:50:11,270 That could go down as far as four cents a kilowatt hour. 991 00:50:11,270 --> 00:50:12,810 I'm here to speak on behalf 992 00:50:12,810 --> 00:50:17,020 of 31,650 petitioners 993 00:50:17,020 --> 00:50:20,930 who are petitioning the Commission 994 00:50:20,930 --> 00:50:23,270 to retain the current rate structure. 995 00:50:23,270 --> 00:50:26,430 We want solar! 996 00:50:26,430 --> 00:50:28,770 We want solar! 997 00:50:28,770 --> 00:50:31,270 Raise your hand if you have rooftop solar. 998 00:50:33,390 --> 00:50:34,810 Raise your hand if you're here 999 00:50:34,810 --> 00:50:37,100 as part of an environmental organization. 1000 00:50:40,140 --> 00:50:45,100 We have paid money in order to do what they wanted us to do, 1001 00:50:45,100 --> 00:50:48,560 and that was to go alternative energy and go rooftop solar. 1002 00:50:48,560 --> 00:50:50,640 When are folks in here afraid 1003 00:50:50,640 --> 00:50:52,810 this is going to start hitting their pocketbooks directly? 1004 00:50:52,810 --> 00:50:54,430 Right away. It already has. 1005 00:50:54,430 --> 00:50:56,140 It's not the basic fee that we care about. 1006 00:50:56,140 --> 00:50:57,270 It's the net metering fee. 1007 00:50:57,270 --> 00:51:00,350 It's what we get for producing them power. 1008 00:51:00,350 --> 00:51:03,430 I spent $48,000 of my own money 1009 00:51:03,430 --> 00:51:06,430 on a solar power system, no subsidies. 1010 00:51:06,430 --> 00:51:09,390 And we got the PUC three stooges... 1011 00:51:09,390 --> 00:51:11,470 not elected but appointed by the governor... 1012 00:51:11,470 --> 00:51:14,520 that are deciding the fate for the entire state. 1013 00:51:14,520 --> 00:51:16,270 They're basically ripping us off. 1014 00:51:16,270 --> 00:51:20,470 I think it's... this is grand theft in my opinion. 1015 00:51:20,470 --> 00:51:25,980 17,255 people have had their systems commissioned. 1016 00:51:25,980 --> 00:51:27,680 If you give them each three minutes 1017 00:51:27,680 --> 00:51:31,600 and you allow a half a minute for them to switch seats, 1018 00:51:31,600 --> 00:51:36,390 that's 60,000 minutes, 1,000 hours, 25 weeks 1019 00:51:36,390 --> 00:51:40,980 where you would have to listen to people who really don't like what you're doing. 1020 00:51:40,980 --> 00:51:44,180 I don't know whether this is cowardice or convenience, 1021 00:51:44,180 --> 00:51:47,020 but frankly, it's not leadership. 1022 00:51:47,020 --> 00:51:50,020 They're not going to be able to sell these homes. 1023 00:51:50,020 --> 00:51:53,180 With all these tariffs and rate increases that are going on, 1024 00:51:53,180 --> 00:51:56,220 nobody's going to want to buy their homes for 20 years, 1025 00:51:56,220 --> 00:51:57,980 so they're stuck with these homes. 1026 00:51:57,980 --> 00:52:01,560 With these actions, hundreds of jobs are lost. 1027 00:52:01,560 --> 00:52:04,470 I don't know how many thousands of dollars these people... 1028 00:52:04,470 --> 00:52:06,350 millions of dollars these people... 1029 00:52:06,350 --> 00:52:10,770 all of that is done with your actions. 1030 00:52:10,770 --> 00:52:15,060 There's a big plaque that says this is a green energy building, 1031 00:52:15,060 --> 00:52:18,520 and you have special parking for hybrid cars. 1032 00:52:18,520 --> 00:52:22,220 You are hypocrites! This is hypocritical! 1033 00:52:24,310 --> 00:52:27,730 Yeah, Mark! Hello, Commissioners. 1034 00:52:27,730 --> 00:52:31,980 My name is Mark Ruffalo, and I'm... I'm coming from New York State 1035 00:52:31,980 --> 00:52:34,220 as a advocate for solar. 1036 00:52:34,220 --> 00:52:39,680 It's a shame that you are on that screen and not here today 1037 00:52:39,680 --> 00:52:41,850 because outside of this building... 1038 00:52:41,850 --> 00:52:43,640 and you should really feel the energy here... 1039 00:52:43,640 --> 00:52:46,850 there's a thousand workers out there. 1040 00:52:51,100 --> 00:52:53,600 You are the Public Utility Commission. 1041 00:52:53,600 --> 00:52:55,390 Public! That's first. 1042 00:52:58,350 --> 00:53:00,930 And the actions you're taking today 1043 00:53:00,930 --> 00:53:03,600 are taking from the mouths of the people 1044 00:53:03,600 --> 00:53:08,430 and giving it to a single monopoly utility. 1045 00:53:09,810 --> 00:53:12,140 Well, I take offence and I'll take notice 1046 00:53:12,140 --> 00:53:14,060 to all of the comments about 1047 00:53:14,060 --> 00:53:16,810 "We don't know what we're doing. We didn't do our homework." 1048 00:53:16,810 --> 00:53:19,310 This commission has been working tirelessly 1049 00:53:19,310 --> 00:53:23,100 not to penalize people or favour one technology over the other, 1050 00:53:23,100 --> 00:53:27,020 but to create a path forward for rooftop solar in this state 1051 00:53:27,020 --> 00:53:30,180 that treats all rate payers fairly. 1052 00:53:30,180 --> 00:53:33,060 Thank you. That concludes my questions. 1053 00:53:33,060 --> 00:53:35,890 Commissioner Berkshaw, do you have any? 1054 00:53:35,890 --> 00:53:38,730 I don't. Hearing no additional questions, 1055 00:53:38,730 --> 00:53:40,520 Commissioner Noble, do you have a motion? 1056 00:53:40,520 --> 00:53:43,680 I would move that we deny the motions 1057 00:53:43,680 --> 00:53:49,220 and issue the order as memorialized in the proposed order 1058 00:53:49,220 --> 00:53:53,430 along with the changes that were discussed today. 1059 00:53:53,430 --> 00:53:55,770 - Do I have a second? - Second. 1060 00:53:55,770 --> 00:53:58,930 - All those in favour say, "Aye." - Aye. 1061 00:53:58,930 --> 00:54:00,600 The motion carries. 1062 00:54:00,600 --> 00:54:04,140 And that brings us to agenda item 3A. 1063 00:54:05,270 --> 00:54:06,890 Just about five, 10 minutes ago, 1064 00:54:06,890 --> 00:54:08,930 the PUC voted to uphold 1065 00:54:08,930 --> 00:54:10,140 the solar rate hike 1066 00:54:10,140 --> 00:54:11,810 they had previously passed. 1067 00:54:11,810 --> 00:54:14,020 This after opponents came out en masse today. 1068 00:54:14,020 --> 00:54:15,310 We want solar! 1069 00:54:15,310 --> 00:54:16,430 Well, the verdict was in, 1070 00:54:16,430 --> 00:54:19,100 and 20,000 existing solar customers 1071 00:54:19,100 --> 00:54:22,560 in Nevada were officially screwed. 1072 00:54:22,560 --> 00:54:25,020 It seemed like people were too disappointed to say much. 1073 00:54:26,020 --> 00:54:28,600 Except for one woman, Debbie Dooley, 1074 00:54:28,600 --> 00:54:32,020 founder of the politically conservative Green Tea Party. 1075 00:54:33,520 --> 00:54:35,980 From state to state to state, 1076 00:54:35,980 --> 00:54:38,020 I hear the same talking points. 1077 00:54:38,020 --> 00:54:41,680 "Non-solar users are subsidizing solar users." 1078 00:54:41,680 --> 00:54:45,140 That is totally ridiculous. I'm a conservative. 1079 00:54:45,140 --> 00:54:48,270 I'm appalled that fellow conservatives 1080 00:54:48,270 --> 00:54:52,180 are hypocrites when it comes to free market principles. 1081 00:54:52,180 --> 00:54:54,730 They're willing to throw principles out the window 1082 00:54:54,730 --> 00:54:57,730 for the sake of protecting their financial donors. 1083 00:54:57,730 --> 00:55:02,730 We've always led, but on energy we're falling behind, 1084 00:55:02,730 --> 00:55:05,850 because a lot of people are still entrenched 1085 00:55:05,850 --> 00:55:09,730 in the technologies of the past that pollute the Earth. 1086 00:55:09,730 --> 00:55:12,100 For more than a century, 1087 00:55:12,100 --> 00:55:15,810 Nevada Energy has been Nevada's only utility provider. 1088 00:55:15,810 --> 00:55:19,980 In fact, Nevada's state constitution grants Nevada Energy 1089 00:55:19,980 --> 00:55:22,770 the right to operate as a monopoly. 1090 00:55:22,770 --> 00:55:26,350 By providing consumers a way to make their own clean power, 1091 00:55:26,350 --> 00:55:30,890 the rooftop solar industry had found a way to compete, in spite of that. 1092 00:55:30,890 --> 00:55:33,640 Yet the commission's recent ruling 1093 00:55:33,640 --> 00:55:36,020 seemed specifically designed to bring 1094 00:55:36,020 --> 00:55:38,930 the rooftop solar industry to a screeching halt. 1095 00:55:49,680 --> 00:55:51,890 Of your fleet that was here prior 1096 00:55:51,890 --> 00:55:53,980 to this announcement by the PUC... 1097 00:55:53,980 --> 00:55:55,390 is this your full fleet? 1098 00:55:55,390 --> 00:55:57,770 This is our full fleet. This is every single truck we have, 1099 00:55:57,770 --> 00:55:59,270 and the reason that they're all here 1100 00:55:59,270 --> 00:56:01,310 on a Wednesday at 3:00 p.m. 1101 00:56:01,310 --> 00:56:03,470 is that we're not doing any installs. 1102 00:56:03,470 --> 00:56:06,100 Everything has completely shut down. 1103 00:56:11,350 --> 00:56:14,890 This is where we handle our permits, schedule our installations. 1104 00:56:14,890 --> 00:56:17,600 And here is actually where you can see where our culture was. 1105 00:56:20,100 --> 00:56:22,470 These are the faces of the 6,000 people 1106 00:56:22,470 --> 00:56:24,600 who have lost their jobs. 1107 00:56:30,020 --> 00:56:33,680 I've personally been part of training over 150 people, 1108 00:56:33,680 --> 00:56:36,810 and now, I mean, this is it. 1109 00:56:37,890 --> 00:56:39,850 If you have a mortgage, a wife and children... 1110 00:56:39,850 --> 00:56:42,310 Yeah, yeah, yeah. ...you don't just pack up and say, "Let's go." 1111 00:56:42,310 --> 00:56:45,680 The company wants me to look at options for relocating. 1112 00:56:45,680 --> 00:56:50,180 I have kids. I... It's... I... 1113 00:56:50,180 --> 00:56:52,770 My daughter doesn't want to move again. 1114 00:56:52,770 --> 00:56:55,470 I don't know what I'm gonna do. I don't know. 1115 00:57:06,020 --> 00:57:08,810 I'm telling you, when you see up close and personal... 1116 00:57:10,600 --> 00:57:11,850 the human toll... 1117 00:57:13,140 --> 00:57:16,180 that bureaucratic and corporate chess playing 1118 00:57:16,180 --> 00:57:20,020 takes on individuals, it makes me really mad. 1119 00:57:22,100 --> 00:57:24,850 This is yet another example of... 1120 00:57:24,850 --> 00:57:28,140 the interest of the mighty against the interest of the many. 1121 00:57:30,680 --> 00:57:33,220 And that's... that's upsetting to me. 1122 00:57:34,600 --> 00:57:36,680 Because you know what? Those kinds of situations 1123 00:57:36,680 --> 00:57:39,680 don't change without amendments... 1124 00:57:40,810 --> 00:57:43,350 without congressional action, 1125 00:57:43,350 --> 00:57:45,390 without Supreme Court victories. 1126 00:57:45,390 --> 00:57:50,350 You can't innovate your way out of the bullshit that I witnessed today. 1127 00:57:52,980 --> 00:57:55,430 It's going to take... a fight. 1128 00:57:57,810 --> 00:57:59,060 It's just too bad. 1129 00:58:15,060 --> 00:58:19,350 What if we all still burned whale oil to light our homes? 1130 00:58:19,350 --> 00:58:22,430 What if the whaling industry had used its money and power 1131 00:58:22,430 --> 00:58:25,270 to bury Thomas Edison's light bulb? 1132 00:58:25,270 --> 00:58:26,980 Well, that didn't happen. 1133 00:58:26,980 --> 00:58:29,930 The light bulb was just a better product. 1134 00:58:31,140 --> 00:58:33,430 Today we use electricity much the way we did 1135 00:58:33,430 --> 00:58:37,270 when Thomas Edison invented the electrical grid over a century ago. 1136 00:58:37,270 --> 00:58:41,770 And many powerful and profitable fossil fuel and utility companies 1137 00:58:41,770 --> 00:58:44,930 are fighting to keep things just as they are. 1138 00:58:46,100 --> 00:58:47,680 And after what I saw in Nevada, 1139 00:58:47,680 --> 00:58:52,100 it seemed like it would be unwise to bet against them. 1140 00:58:52,100 --> 00:58:56,060 But then again, I've never been very good at betting. 1141 00:59:06,310 --> 00:59:09,470 New at 6:00, solar companies and solar customers 1142 00:59:09,470 --> 00:59:10,640 are watching the state capital 1143 00:59:10,640 --> 00:59:11,810 this week as they debate 1144 00:59:11,810 --> 00:59:12,980 the future of a number 1145 00:59:12,980 --> 00:59:14,430 of green energy bills. 1146 00:59:14,430 --> 00:59:18,140 Bill 405 would bring back those net metering credits 1147 00:59:18,140 --> 00:59:21,810 to 95 percent of what they were when the industry was at its peak. 1148 00:59:23,810 --> 00:59:25,600 So just last week, 1149 00:59:25,600 --> 00:59:27,560 I bumped into one of my advisers. 1150 00:59:27,560 --> 00:59:31,140 He was like, "Jamie, have you been following what's going on in Nevada?" 1151 00:59:31,140 --> 00:59:34,930 And I was like, "Oh God, no. Now what?" 1152 00:59:34,930 --> 00:59:37,270 And he was like, "No, no, no, no, no. 1153 00:59:37,270 --> 00:59:38,850 "All these bills are going 1154 00:59:38,850 --> 00:59:41,430 "through both the Senate and the Assembly in Nevada. 1155 00:59:41,430 --> 00:59:45,270 All these pro-clean-energy bills." 1156 00:59:45,270 --> 00:59:48,770 Needless to say, I'm... I'm blown away 1157 00:59:48,770 --> 00:59:50,680 to the point of almost confused, 1158 00:59:50,680 --> 00:59:54,350 because this is a 180-degree shift 1159 00:59:54,350 --> 00:59:56,680 since... last year. 1160 01:00:04,060 --> 01:00:07,310 Assembly Bill 405 really brings back 1161 01:00:07,310 --> 01:00:09,890 the net metering and rooftop solar industry. 1162 01:00:09,890 --> 01:00:12,520 What it does is it... Now is the time to do it. 1163 01:00:17,060 --> 01:00:19,520 It's a fantastic day. It really is a fantastic day. 1164 01:00:19,520 --> 01:00:21,520 It feels so great to be coming and speaking, 1165 01:00:21,520 --> 01:00:23,430 and going, and coming and coming, 1166 01:00:23,430 --> 01:00:25,890 and then to finally have things to celebrate. 1167 01:00:25,890 --> 01:00:27,390 Give yourselves a big round of applause. 1168 01:00:27,390 --> 01:00:29,430 Thank you all for being here. 1169 01:00:29,430 --> 01:00:30,810 Good morning, today is 1170 01:00:30,810 --> 01:00:33,520 a historic milestone for the Silver State. 1171 01:00:33,520 --> 01:00:35,060 The Nevada legislature passed 1172 01:00:35,060 --> 01:00:38,180 the solar triple crown of energy bills: 1173 01:00:38,180 --> 01:00:42,270 AB206, SB392, AB405. 1174 01:00:42,270 --> 01:00:45,520 The last week, there's been a tremendous activity 1175 01:00:45,520 --> 01:00:47,310 in the Nevada legislature 1176 01:00:47,310 --> 01:00:49,520 with renewable energy bills. Mm-hmm. 1177 01:00:49,520 --> 01:00:50,640 Could you walk me through that 1178 01:00:50,640 --> 01:00:51,600 from your point of view? 1179 01:00:51,600 --> 01:00:54,180 I started the first net metering company 1180 01:00:54,180 --> 01:00:56,270 here in the state almost 20 years ago. 1181 01:00:56,270 --> 01:00:59,600 I got very familiar with how the process works 1182 01:00:59,600 --> 01:01:02,060 with the public utilities commission and this legislature. 1183 01:01:02,060 --> 01:01:04,980 And when I saw what happened, 1184 01:01:04,980 --> 01:01:07,560 I had moved on and been working in the utility world 1185 01:01:07,560 --> 01:01:09,180 and been doing things like that. 1186 01:01:09,180 --> 01:01:11,350 But I... I dropped everything and... 1187 01:01:11,350 --> 01:01:14,390 and decided to run for office, because it... 1188 01:01:14,390 --> 01:01:17,220 I felt that it needed to be fixed in the legislature. 1189 01:01:17,220 --> 01:01:19,600 And so Assembly Bill 405, 1190 01:01:19,600 --> 01:01:21,430 which was one of the bills I worked on, 1191 01:01:21,430 --> 01:01:24,140 it is a net metering rooftop solar bill. 1192 01:01:24,140 --> 01:01:27,430 And what it did is it restored some rates, 1193 01:01:27,430 --> 01:01:31,730 and it put into place a renewable energy consumer's bill of rights. 1194 01:01:31,730 --> 01:01:34,600 We passed that out of the senate, 1195 01:01:34,600 --> 01:01:37,310 and we'll send it to the governor to see if he can sign it. 1196 01:01:37,310 --> 01:01:40,600 We urge Governor Sandoval to support these measures 1197 01:01:40,600 --> 01:01:42,430 and bring renewables back to the state. 1198 01:01:43,430 --> 01:01:46,560 You know recently, I was in another state, 1199 01:01:46,560 --> 01:01:51,100 and introduced myself as someone from Nevada. 1200 01:01:51,100 --> 01:01:54,020 And one of the people in the group commented, 1201 01:01:54,020 --> 01:01:57,020 "What in the world were you all thinking?" 1202 01:01:57,020 --> 01:02:01,850 Referring to the PUC ruling in December. 1203 01:02:01,850 --> 01:02:04,310 And I said to them at that time, 1204 01:02:04,310 --> 01:02:06,770 "We're going to go back in 2017, 1205 01:02:06,770 --> 01:02:09,140 and we're going to fix it." And guess what? 1206 01:02:09,140 --> 01:02:13,100 We came back in 2017, and we fixed it. 1207 01:02:15,810 --> 01:02:19,270 We have more sunshine in Nevada than they have heat in Hell. 1208 01:02:19,270 --> 01:02:21,730 And it's a sin if we don't do something with it. 1209 01:02:21,730 --> 01:02:24,350 I mean, really? We do... 1210 01:02:24,350 --> 01:02:27,140 320-some days of sunshine. 1211 01:02:27,140 --> 01:02:29,810 So was there a public outcry 1212 01:02:29,810 --> 01:02:32,640 after the utility commission decision? 1213 01:02:32,640 --> 01:02:36,060 I mean, does the average Nevadan even know about any of this? 1214 01:02:36,060 --> 01:02:38,680 Here's what I will say. In talking to my constituents, 1215 01:02:38,680 --> 01:02:42,770 there's one issue... one issue that was present, 1216 01:02:42,770 --> 01:02:44,730 every door that I knocked on. 1217 01:02:44,730 --> 01:02:47,730 'Cause that's how I... I ask people for their vote. I go to them. 1218 01:02:47,730 --> 01:02:52,060 Every door I knocked on, every one of them... energy. 1219 01:02:52,060 --> 01:02:53,600 "Why don't we have solar?" 1220 01:02:53,600 --> 01:02:56,220 There are more people who are concerned 1221 01:02:56,220 --> 01:03:00,220 about what we're leaving to our children and our grandchildren. 1222 01:03:00,220 --> 01:03:02,020 There are more people who are concerned 1223 01:03:02,020 --> 01:03:06,390 about the economic disadvantage of being on the grid. 1224 01:03:06,390 --> 01:03:08,020 And the more that happens 1225 01:03:08,020 --> 01:03:10,270 and as the adoption rate increases, 1226 01:03:10,270 --> 01:03:11,640 more people say, "I want it." 1227 01:03:11,640 --> 01:03:14,930 Expanding investments in renewable energy, 1228 01:03:14,930 --> 01:03:18,270 Nevada has the potential to bring billions of dollars 1229 01:03:18,270 --> 01:03:23,680 to the state's economy and create tens of thousands of additional jobs by 2030. 1230 01:03:23,680 --> 01:03:26,390 I think that our state is uniquely positioned 1231 01:03:26,390 --> 01:03:29,060 to take advantage of renewable energy. 1232 01:03:29,060 --> 01:03:30,730 I mean, just the amount of land we have, 1233 01:03:30,730 --> 01:03:33,470 the amount of sunshine we have, 1234 01:03:33,470 --> 01:03:35,810 the resources, the transmission... 1235 01:03:35,810 --> 01:03:39,850 I mean, we are in a great position to take advantage of those things. 1236 01:03:39,850 --> 01:03:43,020 So when you start making the argument that it's an economic model, 1237 01:03:43,020 --> 01:03:48,470 that shifts the conversation to where a lot more... 1238 01:03:48,470 --> 01:03:51,180 maybe traditional Republicans can certainly get on board. 1239 01:03:51,180 --> 01:03:54,220 Have you seen evidence of this growth in renewables 1240 01:03:54,220 --> 01:03:58,560 being very real here in Nevada in terms of economic activity? 1241 01:03:58,560 --> 01:04:02,810 We'll have the most electrified highway system in the nation here shortly. 1242 01:04:02,810 --> 01:04:04,930 Meaning that you will not have to worry 1243 01:04:04,930 --> 01:04:07,020 about where you can plug in your vehicle, 1244 01:04:07,020 --> 01:04:10,470 if it's an electric vehicle, from... from here 1245 01:04:10,470 --> 01:04:13,140 to all through the rurals, all the way to Las Vegas. 1246 01:04:13,140 --> 01:04:14,770 And that's in partnership with Tesla, 1247 01:04:14,770 --> 01:04:16,100 it's in partnership with other folks. 1248 01:04:16,100 --> 01:04:18,520 And I think at this point in the game, 1249 01:04:18,520 --> 01:04:22,930 markets are driving us and... and companies are demanding 1250 01:04:22,930 --> 01:04:25,930 the need for renewables. They want to be green. 1251 01:04:25,930 --> 01:04:28,390 The session ended at midnight last night, 1252 01:04:28,390 --> 01:04:32,640 and I see in Reuters, in Forbes, and in some industry mags, um, 1253 01:04:32,640 --> 01:04:35,810 Tesla, and Sunrun, and others are hiring 1254 01:04:35,810 --> 01:04:39,390 and have announced that they're back in Nevada and they're doing business. 1255 01:04:39,390 --> 01:04:41,680 And so that is... as a legislator, 1256 01:04:41,680 --> 01:04:43,770 as a Nevadan and a business person, 1257 01:04:43,770 --> 01:04:46,140 I can't think of a better outcome. 1258 01:04:46,140 --> 01:04:50,640 It's time for Governor Sandoval to sign the solar triple crown of solar bills. 1259 01:04:50,640 --> 01:04:54,680 Let's reclaim Nevada's rightful place as a clean energy powerhouse. 1260 01:04:58,810 --> 01:05:01,350 Let's go see a governor about a signature. 1261 01:05:02,980 --> 01:05:06,310 Two weeks ago, did you think you'd be standing here today with this result? 1262 01:05:08,600 --> 01:05:13,600 This is the product of a lot of hard work and a lot of sacrifice. 1263 01:05:13,600 --> 01:05:17,140 In 2015 when the PUC decision came down, 1264 01:05:17,140 --> 01:05:19,850 a lot of businesses had to lay off employees 1265 01:05:19,850 --> 01:05:22,520 in the timespan between Christmas and New Year's. 1266 01:05:22,520 --> 01:05:26,270 These were beloved employees. They were part of a family. 1267 01:05:26,270 --> 01:05:28,350 And today, we just made that right. 1268 01:05:28,350 --> 01:05:30,390 We just undid all of that damage, 1269 01:05:30,390 --> 01:05:32,680 and made Nevada a clean energy leader again. 1270 01:05:34,350 --> 01:05:39,100 It's overwhelming how much support that there is 1271 01:05:39,100 --> 01:05:40,600 for a clean energy economy 1272 01:05:40,600 --> 01:05:44,470 amongst very diverse segments of Nevada. 1273 01:05:44,470 --> 01:05:46,560 The forces that are fighting against it, 1274 01:05:46,560 --> 01:05:50,350 they're grasping to an old way of doing business 1275 01:05:50,350 --> 01:05:53,770 when most other businesses and most other Nevadans... 1276 01:05:53,770 --> 01:05:56,020 and I think it's true across our country... 1277 01:05:56,020 --> 01:05:58,810 they want to move forward with this. 1278 01:05:58,810 --> 01:06:02,180 We're here to deliver letters to Governor Sandoval. 1279 01:06:02,180 --> 01:06:04,020 It's 7,000 letters and signatures. 1280 01:06:04,020 --> 01:06:07,560 Nevadans want clean energy, and we just wanted to go ahead and let him know. 1281 01:06:07,560 --> 01:06:10,180 It is a moral imperative. 1282 01:06:10,180 --> 01:06:12,770 Everyone, wherever you are, 1283 01:06:12,770 --> 01:06:16,020 whatever your status or station in life is, 1284 01:06:16,020 --> 01:06:20,350 we all have a responsibility to address this issue. 1285 01:06:20,350 --> 01:06:23,270 And if Washington will not... 1286 01:06:24,890 --> 01:06:26,390 we will. 1287 01:06:55,140 --> 01:06:58,350 You know, I've been thinking back on that climate march, 1288 01:06:58,350 --> 01:07:00,770 all the people hoping for action, 1289 01:07:00,770 --> 01:07:02,600 and I wish they knew what I've learned... 1290 01:07:03,810 --> 01:07:07,600 that this is the dawn of the clean energy era. 1291 01:07:07,600 --> 01:07:11,600 It's just better, cheaper, inevitable. 1292 01:07:11,600 --> 01:07:13,600 "When is going to happen?" you might wonder. 1293 01:07:13,600 --> 01:07:17,060 Well, as American citizens, voters, consumers, 1294 01:07:17,060 --> 01:07:19,890 that's entirely up to us. 1295 01:07:19,890 --> 01:07:21,680 We have what we need to do this 1296 01:07:21,680 --> 01:07:26,350 in our own cities, our own communities, our own homes. 1297 01:07:28,270 --> 01:07:30,310 It doesn't matter who you pray to, 1298 01:07:30,310 --> 01:07:33,640 who you vote for, where you live, or how you live. 1299 01:07:33,640 --> 01:07:37,390 There's a good reason and a good way for you to connect to clean energy. 1300 01:07:37,390 --> 01:07:40,980 Maybe you don't like driving around on imported oil 1301 01:07:40,980 --> 01:07:45,730 or maybe the unpredictable prices threaten your bottom line. 1302 01:07:45,730 --> 01:07:48,270 When the pipelines leak and the gas lines explode, 1303 01:07:48,270 --> 01:07:50,980 it always seems to happen in our struggling communities, 1304 01:07:50,980 --> 01:07:53,270 and maybe you've seen that happen in yours. 1305 01:07:54,430 --> 01:07:57,560 Or maybe you accept the science of climate change. 1306 01:07:57,560 --> 01:07:59,980 And maybe you know that burning fossil fuels 1307 01:07:59,980 --> 01:08:02,980 sickens over two-million Americans a year 1308 01:08:02,980 --> 01:08:06,640 with our children taking the biggest hit. 1309 01:08:06,640 --> 01:08:10,730 Or hey, maybe you just like the latest technology. 1310 01:08:10,730 --> 01:08:13,430 You see, there's a story for everyone, 1311 01:08:13,430 --> 01:08:15,850 a story that will make you want do something, 1312 01:08:15,850 --> 01:08:20,350 and the sooner that happens, the better, for all of us. 1313 01:08:20,350 --> 01:08:22,680 ♪ Two rocks, a hammer ♪ 1314 01:08:22,680 --> 01:08:26,850 ♪ And some chains to tie my hands ♪ 1315 01:08:26,850 --> 01:08:29,020 ♪ Two boots, the dirt, some food ♪ 1316 01:08:29,020 --> 01:08:32,890 ♪ Some land to dig it in ♪ 1317 01:08:32,890 --> 01:08:35,270 ♪ I cut the wood, tear down ♪ 1318 01:08:35,270 --> 01:08:39,140 ♪ Build up for moving in ♪ 1319 01:08:39,140 --> 01:08:41,140 ♪ A hole, the mud, a pipe ♪ 1320 01:08:41,140 --> 01:08:43,520 ♪ Look out, I'm... ♪ 1321 01:08:44,600 --> 01:08:46,310 ♪ Yes ♪ 1322 01:08:46,310 --> 01:08:50,270 ♪ This is happening ♪ 1323 01:08:50,270 --> 01:08:52,890 ♪ Every day is another way ♪ 1324 01:08:52,890 --> 01:08:57,180 ♪ To make things right, oh ♪ 1325 01:08:58,390 --> 01:09:01,980 ♪ This is happening ♪ 1326 01:09:01,980 --> 01:09:04,470 ♪ Every day is another way ♪ 1327 01:09:04,470 --> 01:09:06,560 ♪ To make things right ♪ 1328 01:09:06,560 --> 01:09:10,180 ♪ She's out walking now ♪ 1329 01:09:10,180 --> 01:09:12,060 ♪ For what's good ♪ 1330 01:09:13,310 --> 01:09:15,600 ♪ Put her body on the line ♪ 1331 01:09:15,600 --> 01:09:17,850 ♪ She's not hiding ♪ 1332 01:09:18,770 --> 01:09:20,890 ♪ She's out fighting ♪ 1333 01:09:22,140 --> 01:09:26,560 ♪ Tonight ♪ 1334 01:09:28,060 --> 01:09:29,220 ♪ Man ♪ 1335 01:09:30,220 --> 01:09:34,140 ♪ This is happening ♪ 1336 01:09:34,140 --> 01:09:36,560 ♪ Every day is another way ♪ 1337 01:09:36,560 --> 01:09:39,730 ♪ To make things right ♪ 1338 01:09:39,730 --> 01:09:45,770 ♪ You are what's happening ♪ 1339 01:09:45,770 --> 01:09:48,020 ♪ Every day is another way ♪ 1340 01:09:48,020 --> 01:09:50,140 ♪ To make things right ♪ 1341 01:09:50,140 --> 01:09:52,430 ♪ I'm thinking about my friend now ♪ 1342 01:09:53,470 --> 01:09:56,180 ♪ What you gotta do somehow ♪ 1343 01:09:56,180 --> 01:09:58,890 ♪ You're headed back home ♪ 1344 01:09:58,890 --> 01:10:01,890 ♪ To the eye of the storm ♪ 1345 01:10:01,890 --> 01:10:04,640 ♪ How you gonna get past it ♪ 1346 01:10:04,640 --> 01:10:07,980 ♪ Without picking on the classic ♪ 1347 01:10:07,980 --> 01:10:10,810 ♪ And throwing out what's good? ♪ 1348 01:10:10,810 --> 01:10:14,980 ♪ Are you screaming at the badness? ♪ 1349 01:10:14,980 --> 01:10:17,930 ♪ Bridges will fall down ♪ 1350 01:10:17,930 --> 01:10:20,980 ♪ Walls will build up ♪ 1351 01:10:20,980 --> 01:10:24,140 ♪ Bridges will fall down ♪ 1352 01:10:24,140 --> 01:10:26,640 ♪ Walls will build up ♪ 1353 01:10:26,640 --> 01:10:29,430 ♪ Slow it down ♪ 1354 01:10:32,430 --> 01:10:35,980 ♪ Can we slow it down? ♪ 1355 01:10:42,390 --> 01:10:43,470 ♪ Now ♪ 1356 01:10:44,470 --> 01:10:48,430 ♪ This is happening ♪ 1357 01:10:48,430 --> 01:10:50,810 ♪ Every day is another way ♪ 1358 01:10:50,810 --> 01:10:53,980 ♪ To make things right ♪ 1359 01:10:53,980 --> 01:10:56,680 ♪ You and I ♪ 1360 01:10:56,680 --> 01:11:00,310 ♪ Are what's happening ♪ 1361 01:11:00,310 --> 01:11:02,470 ♪ Here we are with another day ♪ 1362 01:11:02,470 --> 01:11:05,680 ♪ To make things right ♪ 1363 01:11:05,680 --> 01:11:08,520 ♪ Every day is another way ♪ 1364 01:11:08,520 --> 01:11:11,430 ♪ To make things right ♪ 1365 01:11:11,430 --> 01:11:14,680 ♪ Walls will fall down ♪ 1366 01:11:14,680 --> 01:11:17,850 ♪ Bridges will rise up ♪ 1367 01:11:17,850 --> 01:11:20,520 ♪ Walls will fall down ♪ 1368 01:11:20,520 --> 01:11:23,020 ♪ Bridges will rise up ♪ 1369 01:11:23,020 --> 01:11:26,180 ♪ Walls will fall down ♪ 1370 01:11:26,180 --> 01:11:29,180 ♪ People will rise up ♪ 1371 01:11:29,180 --> 01:11:32,020 ♪ Walls will fall down ♪ 1372 01:11:32,020 --> 01:11:35,220 ♪ Now people ♪ 1373 01:11:37,350 --> 01:11:40,060 ♪ Will rise up ♪ 1374 01:11:40,060 --> 01:11:42,890 ♪ Will rise up ♪ 1375 01:11:42,890 --> 01:11:45,770 ♪ Will rise up ♪ 1376 01:11:45,770 --> 01:11:48,430 ♪ Rise up, rise up ♪ 1377 01:11:48,430 --> 01:11:51,430 ♪ Rise up, rise up ♪ 1378 01:11:51,430 --> 01:11:54,180 ♪ Rise up, rise up ♪ 1379 01:11:54,180 --> 01:11:57,390 ♪ Rise up, rise up ♪ 1380 01:11:57,390 --> 01:11:59,640 ♪ Rise up, rise up ♪ 1381 01:11:59,640 --> 01:12:02,470 ♪ Rise up, rise up ♪ 1382 01:12:02,470 --> 01:12:05,470 ♪ Rise up, rise up ♪ 1383 01:12:05,470 --> 01:12:08,430 ♪ Rise up, rise up ♪ 1384 01:12:08,430 --> 01:12:12,390 ♪ Oh, oh, oh, walls will fall down ♪ 1385 01:12:12,390 --> 01:12:15,730 ♪ Now, people ♪ 1386 01:12:29,502 --> 01:12:30,701 .srt Extracted, Synced & Corrected by Dan4Jem, AD.XII.MMXVII 114286

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