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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:14,042 --> 00:00:16,207 - Imagine this ordeal. 2 00:00:16,208 --> 00:00:19,874 You are trapped in an upside down ship 3 00:00:19,875 --> 00:00:21,999 at the bottom of the ocean 4 00:00:22,000 --> 00:00:23,333 for three days 5 00:00:24,583 --> 00:00:28,124 - Every breath he takes puts him a step closer 6 00:00:28,125 --> 00:00:30,375 to being unable to breathe. 7 00:00:31,750 --> 00:00:36,542 - How about free falling 33,000 feet without a parachute? 8 00:00:39,833 --> 00:00:41,291 - She's alive. 9 00:00:41,292 --> 00:00:43,499 She fell over 33,000 feet in a damaged airplane 10 00:00:43,500 --> 00:00:47,249 that had been ripped apart by a bomb and is alive. 11 00:00:47,250 --> 00:00:49,666 - Or having to crawl through 200 miles 12 00:00:49,667 --> 00:00:52,667 of wilderness after being mauled by a grizzly. 13 00:00:54,208 --> 00:00:57,541 - This engenders in him a need for revenge. 14 00:00:57,542 --> 00:01:00,666 He wants to live to kill these two people. 15 00:01:00,667 --> 00:01:03,207 - These are the survival stories, so surprising. 16 00:01:03,208 --> 00:01:05,667 They're truly unbelievable. 17 00:01:18,958 --> 00:01:23,082 - Being lost in the desert is usually a death sentence, 18 00:01:23,083 --> 00:01:25,541 so an ultra marathon Mauro Prosperi 19 00:01:25,542 --> 00:01:27,874 finds himself in this very situation 20 00:01:27,875 --> 00:01:32,291 he's forced to ask himself just how far am I willing 21 00:01:32,292 --> 00:01:34,500 to go to survive? 22 00:01:38,875 --> 00:01:40,041 - There's an event that's 23 00:01:40,042 --> 00:01:41,374 thought of as one of the most, 24 00:01:41,375 --> 00:01:42,957 if not the most grueling 25 00:01:42,958 --> 00:01:44,166 running events in the world 26 00:01:44,167 --> 00:01:45,874 and it's called the Marathon des Sables 27 00:01:45,875 --> 00:01:50,041 and it's about 155 miles over the course of six days 28 00:01:50,042 --> 00:01:52,832 through the desert in Southern Morocco. 29 00:01:52,833 --> 00:01:56,292 - This is the most dangerous race on planet earth. 30 00:01:57,708 --> 00:02:02,291 You are running sometimes more than 26 miles a day 31 00:02:02,292 --> 00:02:05,666 where temperatures can get up to 120 degrees. 32 00:02:05,667 --> 00:02:08,416 In order to do the race, you actually have to sign paperwork 33 00:02:08,417 --> 00:02:10,041 that tells the race committee 34 00:02:10,042 --> 00:02:12,292 where to send your body if you don't make it. 35 00:02:13,500 --> 00:02:16,374 - It's been described as racing through hell for a week 36 00:02:16,375 --> 00:02:19,541 and people pay $5,000 for the privilege, 37 00:02:19,542 --> 00:02:21,166 But don't expect luxury to come 38 00:02:21,167 --> 00:02:22,707 with that price. 39 00:02:22,708 --> 00:02:24,874 Participants receive only two liters 40 00:02:24,875 --> 00:02:27,041 of water per day at each checkpoint. 41 00:02:27,042 --> 00:02:28,916 - Because of the high temperature 42 00:02:28,917 --> 00:02:32,207 reaching almost 120 degrees, the need for water 43 00:02:32,208 --> 00:02:35,041 and the need for food is exponentially higher 44 00:02:35,042 --> 00:02:37,291 than it would be be with your average person 45 00:02:37,292 --> 00:02:39,208 just doing day-to-day tasks. 46 00:02:40,542 --> 00:02:43,916 By day four runners are in the home stretch 47 00:02:43,917 --> 00:02:47,582 in seventh place, Mauro's having the race of his life 48 00:02:47,583 --> 00:02:50,583 until there's a sudden turn in the weather 49 00:02:55,000 --> 00:02:59,791 - When this sandstorm hits the sand is actually boiling hot. 50 00:02:59,792 --> 00:03:03,957 So you've got all of these razor sharp little sand granules 51 00:03:03,958 --> 00:03:06,125 that Mauro's now breathing in 52 00:03:09,250 --> 00:03:11,832 - Because he is a marathoner, a competitor 53 00:03:11,833 --> 00:03:16,082 and kind of a badass Prosperi decides to continue 54 00:03:16,083 --> 00:03:20,416 to soldier forward, not realizing 55 00:03:20,417 --> 00:03:24,750 that they have paused the race due to this sandstorm. 56 00:03:26,667 --> 00:03:28,041 When the dust clears 57 00:03:28,042 --> 00:03:32,708 and visibility returns, he has wandered severely off course 58 00:03:33,792 --> 00:03:35,874 When night falls on day four, 59 00:03:35,875 --> 00:03:38,999 all the runners have checked in with race officials 60 00:03:39,000 --> 00:03:40,667 except Mauro Prosperi. 61 00:03:41,417 --> 00:03:43,332 He camps alone that night 62 00:03:43,333 --> 00:03:45,874 planning to backtrack at first light, 63 00:03:45,875 --> 00:03:47,499 but there's one problem. 64 00:03:47,500 --> 00:03:49,957 - This sandstorm has now erased 65 00:03:49,958 --> 00:03:51,583 all of the markers on the trail. 66 00:03:53,458 --> 00:03:55,541 At this point, Mauro is now climbing up 67 00:03:55,542 --> 00:03:58,332 to the tallest sand dune that he can possibly find 68 00:03:58,333 --> 00:04:00,417 so he can get a better point of reference. 69 00:04:02,167 --> 00:04:04,707 - He's on top of the dune for most of the day 70 00:04:04,708 --> 00:04:07,667 when suddenly a rescue helicopter flies over. 71 00:04:09,500 --> 00:04:12,249 - So Mauro does exactly what he's been briefed to do. 72 00:04:12,250 --> 00:04:13,958 He pulls out his little flare 73 00:04:15,333 --> 00:04:17,500 and he fires it up at the helicopter, 74 00:04:18,500 --> 00:04:20,791 but unfortunately it's in broad daylight 75 00:04:20,792 --> 00:04:24,582 and these pen gun flares give out a very small signal 76 00:04:24,583 --> 00:04:27,332 so the helicopter doesn't see it. 77 00:04:27,333 --> 00:04:29,207 Mauro spends a long second night 78 00:04:29,208 --> 00:04:30,417 alone in the desert. 79 00:04:30,625 --> 00:04:33,416 By morning, he's reached a terrifying conclusion. 80 00:04:33,417 --> 00:04:36,749 He'll have to rescue himself. 81 00:04:36,750 --> 00:04:40,707 - He walks for most of the day, he's tired, he's hungry, 82 00:04:40,708 --> 00:04:43,791 and worst of all, he drinks last of his water. 83 00:04:43,792 --> 00:04:47,041 - He gets so thirsty that his tongue begins to swell 84 00:04:47,042 --> 00:04:50,541 and he reaches into his pack where he's got some wet wipes 85 00:04:50,542 --> 00:04:54,541 and he's sucking on the wet wipes for the moisture. 86 00:04:54,542 --> 00:04:57,791 He's so dehydrated that when he sees a structure, 87 00:04:57,792 --> 00:04:59,749 he thinks it's a mirage and he gets there 88 00:04:59,750 --> 00:05:02,124 and it's not a mirage, it's a Bedouin shrine. 89 00:05:02,125 --> 00:05:05,625 He's been in the sun for six days now, so he sets up camp. 90 00:05:07,250 --> 00:05:09,582 - At this point. Mauro is so desperate 91 00:05:09,583 --> 00:05:11,416 to get some fluids in his body 92 00:05:11,417 --> 00:05:13,500 that he ends up drinking his own urine. 93 00:05:15,542 --> 00:05:17,916 And for those of us that have been trained in survival, 94 00:05:17,917 --> 00:05:22,541 we know that drinking your own urine is a big negative. 95 00:05:22,542 --> 00:05:23,582 - Drinking your own urine 96 00:05:23,583 --> 00:05:24,916 does you more harm than good 97 00:05:24,917 --> 00:05:26,041 because even though urine is 98 00:05:26,042 --> 00:05:29,041 mostly water, this is toxins 99 00:05:29,042 --> 00:05:30,207 that your body has filtered 100 00:05:30,208 --> 00:05:32,082 through the kidneys to get rid of. 101 00:05:32,083 --> 00:05:34,457 You're also introducing some salts 102 00:05:34,458 --> 00:05:37,416 and in the long run it will make you more thirsty. 103 00:05:37,417 --> 00:05:39,457 As dehydration sets in, 104 00:05:39,458 --> 00:05:43,999 Mauro takes extreme measures and goes a little batty. 105 00:05:44,000 --> 00:05:46,082 - He climbs up on the roof thinking he might be able 106 00:05:46,083 --> 00:05:50,458 to signal someone, and there he finds a colony of bats, 107 00:05:52,250 --> 00:05:54,124 so still desperately thirsty. 108 00:05:54,125 --> 00:05:55,707 He uses his pocket knife 109 00:05:55,708 --> 00:05:58,583 to cut off their heads and drink their blood. 110 00:06:00,833 --> 00:06:02,332 - At this point, Mauro is no different 111 00:06:02,333 --> 00:06:03,707 than a desert animal. 112 00:06:03,708 --> 00:06:06,499 He's gone from a marathon runner to a predator. 113 00:06:06,500 --> 00:06:08,624 This is something he couldn't have imagined doing 114 00:06:08,625 --> 00:06:09,999 just a few days earlier, 115 00:06:10,000 --> 00:06:13,499 but yet his survival instinct has kicked in 116 00:06:13,500 --> 00:06:16,791 - The bat blood has delayed death for now. 117 00:06:16,792 --> 00:06:20,707 Then on day seven while escaping the midday heat, 118 00:06:20,708 --> 00:06:22,750 there's finally a glimmer of hope. 119 00:06:25,625 --> 00:06:28,417 - Suddenly he hears a plane coming, 120 00:06:29,417 --> 00:06:33,332 so he has already written SOS 121 00:06:33,333 --> 00:06:36,082 and help into the sand with his feet, 122 00:06:36,083 --> 00:06:38,874 and he builds a signal fire. 123 00:06:38,875 --> 00:06:41,624 - But almost as soon as he gets the fire lit, 124 00:06:41,625 --> 00:06:43,458 another sandstorm hits, 125 00:06:45,000 --> 00:06:48,374 - And again, another rescue attempt fails, 126 00:06:48,375 --> 00:06:51,708 and this proves to be his breaking point. 127 00:06:53,042 --> 00:06:56,874 - He figures that he'll die on his own terms. 128 00:06:56,875 --> 00:07:00,416 He writes a message to his family in charcoal, 129 00:07:00,417 --> 00:07:02,624 his wife will get his policeman's pension. 130 00:07:02,625 --> 00:07:05,582 He takes out his knife, he slits his own wrists 131 00:07:05,583 --> 00:07:08,458 and he lays down in the sand ready to die. 132 00:07:18,125 --> 00:07:21,291 - But to Mauro's great surprise, he wakes up 133 00:07:21,292 --> 00:07:23,332 and he's still alive. 134 00:07:23,333 --> 00:07:25,207 Fate, science, or just plain luck 135 00:07:25,208 --> 00:07:29,958 saved Mauro Prosperi that day, so he decides to push on. 136 00:07:33,042 --> 00:07:35,249 - He's walking through this desert all day, 137 00:07:35,250 --> 00:07:37,332 120 degree Fahrenheit temperatures. 138 00:07:37,333 --> 00:07:41,416 I can only imagine that every single step at this point 139 00:07:41,417 --> 00:07:44,332 takes every ounce of strength that Mauro has. 140 00:07:44,333 --> 00:07:46,291 It's now day eight in the desert, 141 00:07:46,292 --> 00:07:48,249 three of them without water. 142 00:07:48,250 --> 00:07:52,582 Then something miraculous appears on the horizon. 143 00:07:52,583 --> 00:07:54,749 - He finds a puddle 144 00:07:54,750 --> 00:07:57,249 that's left over from a dried up riverbed. 145 00:07:57,250 --> 00:07:58,707 He lays down next to the puddle 146 00:07:58,708 --> 00:08:00,457 and he tries to drink some water, 147 00:08:00,458 --> 00:08:02,458 but he vomits it up immediately. 148 00:08:04,125 --> 00:08:08,207 His throat is so dry that he can't even swallow. 149 00:08:08,208 --> 00:08:10,374 He lays by that water 150 00:08:10,375 --> 00:08:13,416 and just sips it bit by bit all day 151 00:08:13,417 --> 00:08:15,999 and all night trying to get his body used to 152 00:08:16,000 --> 00:08:18,333 taking in a little bit of water at a time. 153 00:08:19,042 --> 00:08:21,707 The next day, Prosperi leaves the oasis 154 00:08:21,708 --> 00:08:25,624 and spies what to him is a beautiful sight. 155 00:08:25,625 --> 00:08:28,791 - He sees goat droppings in the sand. 156 00:08:28,792 --> 00:08:31,291 - If there's goat droppings, there's gotta be goat herders 157 00:08:31,292 --> 00:08:34,082 and if there's goat herders, there's gotta be food, 158 00:08:34,083 --> 00:08:36,291 water, survival, rescue. 159 00:08:36,292 --> 00:08:39,666 So Mauro gets rejuvenated with this sense of hope 160 00:08:39,667 --> 00:08:42,041 and he starts identifying footprints 161 00:08:42,042 --> 00:08:44,749 and he ends up finding this little girl 162 00:08:44,750 --> 00:08:47,124 and he cries out to the little girl 163 00:08:47,125 --> 00:08:51,666 and she sees this European man absolutely torn to pieces. 164 00:08:51,667 --> 00:08:53,874 So she does what any little girl would do. 165 00:08:53,875 --> 00:08:56,208 She takes off in the opposite direction. 166 00:08:57,792 --> 00:09:02,417 To Mauro's good fortune the little girl notifies her family, 167 00:09:02,917 --> 00:09:06,541 and after wandering through the Sahara for nine days, 168 00:09:06,542 --> 00:09:08,250 Mauro is finally saved. 169 00:09:09,500 --> 00:09:12,041 In the nine days he was missing 170 00:09:12,042 --> 00:09:13,249 Mauro wandered more than 171 00:09:13,250 --> 00:09:15,541 180 miles off course 172 00:09:15,542 --> 00:09:17,041 through some of the planet's 173 00:09:17,042 --> 00:09:19,624 most dangerous terrain. 174 00:09:19,625 --> 00:09:21,374 - He's brought to an Algerian hospital 175 00:09:21,375 --> 00:09:23,291 where doctors take care of him. 176 00:09:23,292 --> 00:09:25,457 He's lost 33 pounds 177 00:09:25,458 --> 00:09:28,374 and he needs four gallons of fluid 178 00:09:28,375 --> 00:09:30,707 to replace what he's lost. 179 00:09:30,708 --> 00:09:32,707 It takes Mauro two years 180 00:09:32,708 --> 00:09:35,041 to recover from the damage his body endures 181 00:09:35,042 --> 00:09:37,292 during his improbable fight for survival. 182 00:09:38,958 --> 00:09:42,750 Once healthy, he does something even more unbelievable 183 00:09:44,083 --> 00:09:47,291 - Just to show he bears no ill will towards this desert 184 00:09:47,292 --> 00:09:48,832 that almost killed him 185 00:09:48,833 --> 00:09:53,749 in 1998, Mauro returns to compete in the race again, 186 00:09:53,750 --> 00:09:56,416 and then does it six more times after that, 187 00:09:56,417 --> 00:09:58,042 a glutton for punishment. 188 00:10:05,042 --> 00:10:06,916 - Flight attendant Vesna Vulovic's story of survival 189 00:10:06,917 --> 00:10:10,708 is so close to impossible that many call it a miracle. 190 00:10:13,625 --> 00:10:15,874 - This particular day in 1972, 191 00:10:15,875 --> 00:10:18,832 flight 367 takes off bound 192 00:10:18,833 --> 00:10:21,416 for Copenhagen aboard which is a 193 00:10:21,417 --> 00:10:26,625 23-year-old flight attendant by the name of Vesna Vulovic. 194 00:10:27,000 --> 00:10:30,332 - One minute Vesna's doing her flight attendant duties 195 00:10:30,333 --> 00:10:31,916 at 33,000 feet. 196 00:10:31,917 --> 00:10:33,791 The next minute a bomb goes off. 197 00:10:35,875 --> 00:10:37,791 The plane is blown into multiple pieces. 198 00:10:39,792 --> 00:10:42,374 Passengers are getting sucked out of the aircraft 199 00:10:42,375 --> 00:10:44,083 and it begins to take a free fall. 200 00:10:45,208 --> 00:10:47,832 This took place in the 70s during the Cold War, 201 00:10:47,833 --> 00:10:51,125 and some sources say that this was a briefcase bomb. 202 00:10:53,667 --> 00:10:55,708 It's unclear who is responsible, 203 00:10:56,875 --> 00:10:58,707 but what is certain is Vesna is not supposed to be 204 00:10:58,708 --> 00:10:59,708 on this plane. 205 00:11:00,917 --> 00:11:03,292 She's not even supposed to be a flight attendant. 206 00:11:04,542 --> 00:11:06,291 - She has chronic low blood pressure 207 00:11:06,292 --> 00:11:07,707 and that should disqualify her 208 00:11:07,708 --> 00:11:09,999 from that kind of an occupation. 209 00:11:10,000 --> 00:11:12,207 - Because you could potentially pass out 210 00:11:12,208 --> 00:11:13,375 when you get to altitude. 211 00:11:14,708 --> 00:11:18,499 - But Vesna is so determined to get her dream job. 212 00:11:18,500 --> 00:11:21,916 She figures out a workaround for her medical exam. 213 00:11:21,917 --> 00:11:23,416 - Vesna is quite ingenious. 214 00:11:23,417 --> 00:11:26,416 She really only needs to have normal blood pressure 215 00:11:26,417 --> 00:11:27,791 during the time of screening. 216 00:11:27,792 --> 00:11:30,749 - In order to bypass this screening, 217 00:11:30,750 --> 00:11:33,167 she drinks five or six cups of coffee, 218 00:11:33,958 --> 00:11:35,457 jacks her blood pressure up, 219 00:11:35,458 --> 00:11:39,124 jacks her heart rate up, goes in, passes the test. 220 00:11:39,125 --> 00:11:40,791 And there is another reason 221 00:11:40,792 --> 00:11:44,042 why Vesna should not be on this specific flight. 222 00:11:45,542 --> 00:11:47,916 It's supposed to be her day off. 223 00:11:47,917 --> 00:11:50,874 - Apparently there's a lot of Vesnas around at the time 224 00:11:50,875 --> 00:11:53,916 because there's a different Vesna that was slated 225 00:11:53,917 --> 00:11:56,416 to do the flight attendant duties on that day, 226 00:11:56,417 --> 00:11:57,999 but she didn't show up. 227 00:11:58,000 --> 00:11:59,999 - It was actually meant to be someone else's shift, 228 00:12:00,000 --> 00:12:02,707 but Vesna decides, hey, it's going to Copenhagen. 229 00:12:02,708 --> 00:12:05,041 It's a city I've always wanted to see. 230 00:12:05,042 --> 00:12:07,374 I'll take the shift even though it's not supposed 231 00:12:07,375 --> 00:12:11,833 to be mine, and it turns out to be a fateful decision. 232 00:12:12,833 --> 00:12:14,333 - When the bomb goes off, 233 00:12:15,750 --> 00:12:18,832 Vesna happens to be behind the drink cart 234 00:12:18,833 --> 00:12:22,374 and as the plane starts taking a free fall, 235 00:12:22,375 --> 00:12:25,958 the cart pins Vesna to the back of the aircraft. 236 00:12:27,167 --> 00:12:29,791 At this point, Vesna loses consciousness 237 00:12:29,792 --> 00:12:31,874 and she's passed out. 238 00:12:31,875 --> 00:12:34,207 - She free falls 33,000 feet. 239 00:12:34,208 --> 00:12:37,374 That's six miles pinned between the food cart 240 00:12:37,375 --> 00:12:39,666 and the fuselage of the plane. 241 00:12:39,667 --> 00:12:41,041 It may be the first time 242 00:12:41,042 --> 00:12:43,332 that airplane food saves someone's life, 243 00:12:43,333 --> 00:12:45,708 but the unlikely circumstances continue. 244 00:12:46,833 --> 00:12:49,749 - As a halo jumper in special operations 245 00:12:49,750 --> 00:12:52,999 I'm jumping from typically 13,000 feet, 246 00:12:53,000 --> 00:12:55,249 so I get about 60 seconds of free fall. 247 00:12:55,250 --> 00:13:00,125 Vesna is traveling from 33,000 feet in a dead free fall. 248 00:13:01,875 --> 00:13:04,582 So this is gonna take her about three minutes 249 00:13:04,583 --> 00:13:06,582 until she hits the ground 250 00:13:06,583 --> 00:13:09,707 - And during that time, she's still in the tail section. 251 00:13:09,708 --> 00:13:13,166 This forms a kind of rigid cage around her 252 00:13:13,167 --> 00:13:15,291 that will somewhat protect her, 253 00:13:15,292 --> 00:13:18,082 and the tail section has a surface area 254 00:13:18,083 --> 00:13:21,999 which will slow down the descent to some extent, 255 00:13:22,000 --> 00:13:24,166 it is like the world's worst parachute. 256 00:13:24,167 --> 00:13:27,167 Then another unbelievable coincidence. 257 00:13:29,958 --> 00:13:33,207 - The wreckage lands at such an angle 258 00:13:33,208 --> 00:13:35,832 that she doesn't really absorb 259 00:13:35,833 --> 00:13:39,041 all the impact and she's alive. 260 00:13:39,042 --> 00:13:41,207 She fell over 33,000 feet without a parachute 261 00:13:41,208 --> 00:13:43,332 in a damaged airplane that had been ripped apart 262 00:13:43,333 --> 00:13:45,417 by a bomb and is alive. 263 00:13:47,875 --> 00:13:51,041 - However, her list of injuries is extensive. 264 00:13:51,042 --> 00:13:53,874 She has a skull fracture, a cerebral hemorrhage. 265 00:13:53,875 --> 00:13:56,249 She has multiple fractured vertebrae. 266 00:13:56,250 --> 00:13:58,916 She has both legs that have been fractured 267 00:13:58,917 --> 00:14:01,124 and a fractured pelvis as well. 268 00:14:01,125 --> 00:14:04,332 This is actually quite amazing that this is all 269 00:14:04,333 --> 00:14:06,207 that she has injured. 270 00:14:06,208 --> 00:14:09,291 - The fact that she has low blood pressure 271 00:14:09,292 --> 00:14:13,791 ultimately becomes one of the factors in saving her life. 272 00:14:13,792 --> 00:14:16,749 - Because her blood pressure is so low, 273 00:14:16,750 --> 00:14:18,624 she doesn't bleed out as fast as somebody 274 00:14:18,625 --> 00:14:20,624 who had normal blood pressure. 275 00:14:20,625 --> 00:14:22,541 - People theorize that essentially 276 00:14:22,542 --> 00:14:24,041 her low blood pressure 277 00:14:24,042 --> 00:14:25,874 is what keeps her heart from exploding. 278 00:14:25,875 --> 00:14:28,041 It's like an underfilled water balloon. 279 00:14:28,042 --> 00:14:30,207 Had she had normal blood pressure 280 00:14:30,208 --> 00:14:33,082 with that rapid depressurization of the cabin 281 00:14:33,083 --> 00:14:35,291 and the impact with the earth, 282 00:14:35,292 --> 00:14:39,041 that easily could have made her heart explode in her chest. 283 00:14:39,042 --> 00:14:42,374 While she miraculously survives the impact, 284 00:14:42,375 --> 00:14:45,374 she needs immediate medical attention. 285 00:14:45,375 --> 00:14:48,166 - Somehow the first person to come along 286 00:14:48,167 --> 00:14:51,666 to check out the wreckage, they hear her screaming, 287 00:14:51,667 --> 00:14:53,332 they see her. 288 00:14:53,333 --> 00:14:57,416 - And it so happens that he is a former World War II medic 289 00:14:57,417 --> 00:15:00,041 and he's seen a lot of battlefield trauma. 290 00:15:00,042 --> 00:15:03,541 So he's able to take care of Vesna until help arrives 291 00:15:03,542 --> 00:15:05,250 and she's brought to a hospital. 292 00:15:07,708 --> 00:15:11,207 - Vesna is in a coma for a few weeks 293 00:15:11,208 --> 00:15:14,874 after the accident when she finally awakes, 294 00:15:14,875 --> 00:15:17,541 she's partially paralyzed. 295 00:15:17,542 --> 00:15:20,041 - Ten months after the accident, 296 00:15:20,042 --> 00:15:23,082 Vesna actually regains her ability to walk 297 00:15:23,083 --> 00:15:25,374 and for the rest of her life, she's got a limp. 298 00:15:25,375 --> 00:15:27,874 But the fact that she's now walking less than a year later 299 00:15:27,875 --> 00:15:29,000 is unbelievable. 300 00:15:30,375 --> 00:15:32,457 - The Guinness Book of World Records 301 00:15:32,458 --> 00:15:37,207 awards Vesna the highest fall without a parachute. 302 00:15:37,208 --> 00:15:38,707 You can't really train for that. 303 00:15:38,708 --> 00:15:40,707 I'm guessing like if you don't get it the first time, 304 00:15:40,708 --> 00:15:42,249 you don't get it. 305 00:15:42,250 --> 00:15:43,874 Even more astonishing, 306 00:15:43,875 --> 00:15:46,124 Vesna wants to keep flying. 307 00:15:46,125 --> 00:15:48,957 That doesn't stop the airline from grounding her. 308 00:15:48,958 --> 00:15:50,541 - The airline gives her a desk job 309 00:15:50,542 --> 00:15:52,874 because she stands as a reminder that planes 310 00:15:52,875 --> 00:15:54,749 because she stands as a reminder that planes 311 00:15:54,750 --> 00:15:57,583 and people can fall out of the sky. 312 00:16:04,375 --> 00:16:05,791 - We've all heard the story of Jonah and the whale, 313 00:16:05,792 --> 00:16:08,082 even Pinocchio and the whale, 314 00:16:08,083 --> 00:16:11,583 but what about the story of Paul Templer and the hippo? 315 00:16:14,167 --> 00:16:16,749 - So there's a river guide named Paul Templer 316 00:16:16,750 --> 00:16:17,957 who's taking a group of tourists 317 00:16:17,958 --> 00:16:20,249 down the Zambezi River in Africa. 318 00:16:20,250 --> 00:16:24,832 He spots a group of hippos bathing in the river, 319 00:16:24,833 --> 00:16:26,249 but hippos are no joke. 320 00:16:26,250 --> 00:16:30,749 About 500 fatalities a year are caused by hippos. 321 00:16:30,750 --> 00:16:33,124 - Hippos can weigh four tons. 322 00:16:33,125 --> 00:16:35,707 They have jaws that open 180 degrees 323 00:16:35,708 --> 00:16:38,625 and they have teeth that are a foot and a half long, 324 00:16:40,083 --> 00:16:43,374 so they're extremely vicious when they feel threatened. 325 00:16:43,375 --> 00:16:46,374 These particular hippos aren't at all happy. 326 00:16:46,375 --> 00:16:48,500 When the group gets a little too close. 327 00:16:50,167 --> 00:16:52,582 - The hippo overturns one of the canoes 328 00:16:52,583 --> 00:16:56,916 and one of the guides is catapulted out into the water. 329 00:16:56,917 --> 00:17:00,041 - Paul goes back to save his fellow tour guide, 330 00:17:00,042 --> 00:17:02,375 but suddenly everything goes black. 331 00:17:04,458 --> 00:17:07,124 - His legs are kicking in the air. 332 00:17:07,125 --> 00:17:11,041 He's inhaling the smell of of putrid rotten egg. 333 00:17:11,042 --> 00:17:12,375 The hippo's breath. 334 00:17:13,625 --> 00:17:16,999 In a panic, he grabs onto one of the hippo's tusks 335 00:17:17,000 --> 00:17:18,999 and wrenches himself out. 336 00:17:19,000 --> 00:17:21,207 He surfaces and swims for shore, 337 00:17:21,208 --> 00:17:23,083 but this time he's hit from below. 338 00:17:24,042 --> 00:17:25,749 - This time he grabs him sideways. 339 00:17:25,750 --> 00:17:27,749 So Paul's legs are hanging out 340 00:17:27,750 --> 00:17:30,582 one side of the hippo's mouth and his head and shoulder 341 00:17:30,583 --> 00:17:32,541 are hanging out of the other side of his mouth 342 00:17:32,542 --> 00:17:35,041 and the hippo swings him around like a ragdoll, 343 00:17:35,042 --> 00:17:37,292 and then finally he just shakes him loose. 344 00:17:39,292 --> 00:17:42,916 When Paul reaches the hospital, he's got 38 bites. 345 00:17:42,917 --> 00:17:45,791 The hippo has punctured his face, his neck, 346 00:17:45,792 --> 00:17:48,166 his spinal column, and his lung, 347 00:17:48,167 --> 00:17:52,042 and has shredded his left arm from the elbow down 348 00:17:52,833 --> 00:17:54,292 and has to be amputated. 349 00:17:55,542 --> 00:17:57,249 - Although Templer loses his arm, 350 00:17:57,250 --> 00:17:59,416 he does keep his sense of humor. 351 00:17:59,417 --> 00:18:02,666 He titles the book, he writes about his hippo encounter, 352 00:18:02,667 --> 00:18:04,582 "What's Left of Me." 353 00:18:04,583 --> 00:18:06,791 The hero of our next story doesn't have 354 00:18:06,792 --> 00:18:08,708 quite the same upbeat attitude. 355 00:18:12,250 --> 00:18:14,207 - In 1823, Hugh Glass 356 00:18:14,208 --> 00:18:16,207 and 15 other men 357 00:18:16,208 --> 00:18:17,708 are going up the Missouri River. 358 00:18:20,042 --> 00:18:22,208 The fur trade is huge money for them, 359 00:18:23,375 --> 00:18:25,207 but North America is a very 360 00:18:25,208 --> 00:18:27,291 treacherous place to be. 361 00:18:27,292 --> 00:18:30,082 We've got warring Native Americans, 362 00:18:30,083 --> 00:18:32,249 you've got these dangerous animals, 363 00:18:32,250 --> 00:18:35,207 And on this unfortunate August Day 364 00:18:35,208 --> 00:18:36,957 Glass will come face-to-face 365 00:18:36,958 --> 00:18:39,458 with one of these terrifying threats. 366 00:18:42,208 --> 00:18:44,291 - Hugh Glass is out in front exploring 367 00:18:44,292 --> 00:18:46,167 and he sees these two bear cubs. 368 00:18:47,167 --> 00:18:49,291 But he's not thinking, how cute. 369 00:18:49,292 --> 00:18:53,374 He's thinking There's a terrifying giant mama bear 370 00:18:53,375 --> 00:18:56,707 and she is very close to where he stands right then. 371 00:18:56,708 --> 00:18:57,875 - He hears a noise 372 00:19:06,417 --> 00:19:09,082 and all of a sudden finds himself out of nowhere 373 00:19:09,083 --> 00:19:12,250 getting mauled by this massive grizzly bear. 374 00:19:13,583 --> 00:19:17,666 The bear all 400 pounds of her pins Hugh down 375 00:19:17,667 --> 00:19:21,332 and rips open his trachea, his windpipe. 376 00:19:21,333 --> 00:19:25,542 So at this point, his screams sound even more horrifying. 377 00:19:30,208 --> 00:19:32,667 - Everyone hears this horror show. 378 00:19:34,833 --> 00:19:38,250 They come running to Glass or what's left of him. 379 00:19:39,792 --> 00:19:43,249 - His scalp is missing, his windpipe is exposed, 380 00:19:43,250 --> 00:19:44,250 his leg is torn up. 381 00:19:44,251 --> 00:19:45,707 There's blood everywhere. 382 00:19:45,708 --> 00:19:49,041 They assume that he is not of the living. 383 00:19:52,208 --> 00:19:55,667 - But Hugh Glass is somehow still alive. 384 00:19:57,542 --> 00:20:00,457 - So the expedition leader, Andrew Henry, asks 385 00:20:00,458 --> 00:20:04,041 for two volunteers to stay with Glass, wait until he dies, 386 00:20:04,042 --> 00:20:05,541 and then bury him. 387 00:20:05,542 --> 00:20:07,582 After that, they can catch up to the expedition. 388 00:20:07,583 --> 00:20:11,416 - Enticed by the promise of cash two men volunteer. 389 00:20:11,417 --> 00:20:12,666 - Two famous frontiersmen 390 00:20:12,667 --> 00:20:15,582 by the name of Fitzgerald and Bridger 391 00:20:15,583 --> 00:20:18,374 step up to the job and stay with Hugh. 392 00:20:18,375 --> 00:20:20,999 But what was supposed to be a 24 hour chore 393 00:20:21,000 --> 00:20:23,166 drags on and on. 394 00:20:23,167 --> 00:20:27,749 - Five days later, Hugh Glass is not dead. They get scared. 395 00:20:27,750 --> 00:20:30,832 - Fitzgerald and Bridger are worried they'll be attacked. 396 00:20:30,833 --> 00:20:32,499 They take Glass's weapons, ammo, 397 00:20:32,500 --> 00:20:34,374 and supplies, and they leave him. 398 00:20:34,375 --> 00:20:35,957 The guy's practically in pieces. 399 00:20:35,958 --> 00:20:37,707 How much longer can he live? 400 00:20:37,708 --> 00:20:40,832 - Bridger and Fitzgerald expect the answer to be 401 00:20:40,833 --> 00:20:45,707 not much longer, but Glass has other plans. 402 00:20:45,708 --> 00:20:48,249 - So Hugh Glass regains consciousness 403 00:20:48,250 --> 00:20:49,666 and he doesn't have his gun. 404 00:20:49,667 --> 00:20:52,541 His ammunition, he's defenseless. 405 00:20:52,542 --> 00:20:56,416 - This engenders in him a need for revenge. 406 00:20:56,417 --> 00:20:59,457 He wants to live to kill these two people, 407 00:20:59,458 --> 00:21:01,499 and that gives him the strength to do 408 00:21:01,500 --> 00:21:03,082 what it takes to survive. 409 00:21:04,375 --> 00:21:06,541 That means tending to his injuries. 410 00:21:06,542 --> 00:21:10,374 Glass reaps the bandages that seal his exposed trachea, 411 00:21:10,375 --> 00:21:13,124 then examines his badly broken leg. 412 00:21:13,125 --> 00:21:15,999 - So, one of the utterly amazing things that Glass does is 413 00:21:16,000 --> 00:21:17,874 that he sets his own fracture, 414 00:21:17,875 --> 00:21:19,374 which we call a reduction. 415 00:21:20,542 --> 00:21:23,207 Every time I reduce fractures in patients, 416 00:21:23,208 --> 00:21:26,291 I thank all the gods that there are, 417 00:21:26,292 --> 00:21:27,874 that we have pain medication. 418 00:21:27,875 --> 00:21:30,582 It really, really hurts. 419 00:21:30,583 --> 00:21:34,541 Then Glass heads out on his hands and knees. 420 00:21:34,542 --> 00:21:36,707 - He's crawling toward Fort Kiowa 421 00:21:36,708 --> 00:21:40,207 which is 200 miles away in South Dakota. 422 00:21:40,208 --> 00:21:41,707 That's the nearest settlement. 423 00:21:41,708 --> 00:21:45,249 He crawls on for about two weeks, and during that time, 424 00:21:45,250 --> 00:21:47,832 the fracture in his leg is beginning to heal 425 00:21:47,833 --> 00:21:51,457 and that allows him to actually stand up. 426 00:21:51,458 --> 00:21:55,499 - After this six-week journey, Hugh arrives to Fort Kiowa. 427 00:21:55,500 --> 00:21:58,333 He's got one thing on his mind and that's revenge. 428 00:21:59,500 --> 00:22:03,207 However, none of the trappers are there anymore. 429 00:22:03,208 --> 00:22:05,833 So Hugh takes six months to recover, 430 00:22:08,458 --> 00:22:10,541 and then he catches up to Bridger 431 00:22:10,542 --> 00:22:11,958 down at the Bighorn River. 432 00:22:12,792 --> 00:22:13,708 "Why'd you leave me? 433 00:22:13,709 --> 00:22:16,374 Why'd you take my supplies?" 434 00:22:16,375 --> 00:22:19,791 Bridger tells you that it was all Fitzgerald's idea. 435 00:22:19,792 --> 00:22:22,374 Bridger is the youngest of the frontiersmen at the time, 436 00:22:22,375 --> 00:22:24,207 rumored to be just a teenager. 437 00:22:24,208 --> 00:22:27,416 So Hugh decides to have mercy on Bridger lets him live 438 00:22:27,417 --> 00:22:29,458 and goes off and search for Fitzgerald. 439 00:22:30,750 --> 00:22:31,957 But as luck would have it, 440 00:22:31,958 --> 00:22:33,791 Fitzgerald is now in the army 441 00:22:33,792 --> 00:22:37,291 and an officer prevents Hugh's shot at revenge. 442 00:22:37,292 --> 00:22:38,833 Both men survive. 443 00:22:40,583 --> 00:22:42,707 - The story of Hugh Glass inspires the movie 444 00:22:42,708 --> 00:22:44,916 "The Revenant," with Leonardo DiCaprio, 445 00:22:44,917 --> 00:22:49,417 and it becomes this ultimate story of survival and revenge. 446 00:22:51,500 --> 00:22:54,166 - The Hollywood version, it's a great movie by the way, 447 00:22:54,167 --> 00:22:57,499 takes some creative liberties, focusing less on the mercy 448 00:22:57,500 --> 00:22:59,541 and more on the revenge. 449 00:22:59,542 --> 00:23:01,499 Coming up, a survival story 450 00:23:01,500 --> 00:23:03,833 that's deep, really deep. 451 00:23:07,667 --> 00:23:09,541 - Life is full of annoying little things, isn't it? 452 00:23:09,542 --> 00:23:13,332 Like rush hour traffic or losing your wifi connection. 453 00:23:13,333 --> 00:23:15,249 But what if something that feels like 454 00:23:15,250 --> 00:23:18,750 an inconvenience ends up saving your life? 455 00:23:23,500 --> 00:23:26,999 - Harrison Okene is a 25-year-old cook 456 00:23:27,000 --> 00:23:30,041 and he's aboard this ship called the Jascon-4. 457 00:23:30,042 --> 00:23:33,374 It's about 18 miles west of the coast of Nigeria, 458 00:23:33,375 --> 00:23:34,750 out in the Gulf of Guinea. 459 00:23:35,875 --> 00:23:39,041 Harrison and his crew mates have this policy, 460 00:23:39,042 --> 00:23:40,416 whenever you go to bed, 461 00:23:40,417 --> 00:23:41,874 you gotta lock yourself in the cabin 462 00:23:41,875 --> 00:23:44,332 because there's issues with piracy there off 463 00:23:44,333 --> 00:23:45,749 the coast of Nigeria, 464 00:23:45,750 --> 00:23:47,792 and all over the coast of Africa for that matter. 465 00:23:53,875 --> 00:23:55,291 - So everyone's locked inside the room, 466 00:23:55,292 --> 00:23:57,041 it's a security precaution. 467 00:23:57,042 --> 00:23:59,291 But Harrison, he wakes up in the middle of the night, 468 00:23:59,292 --> 00:24:01,082 he decides to leave his room 469 00:24:01,083 --> 00:24:02,291 and use the restroom. 470 00:24:02,292 --> 00:24:04,041 As in the restroom, 471 00:24:04,042 --> 00:24:06,333 he feels something hit the side of the boat. 472 00:24:08,750 --> 00:24:11,332 - And all of a sudden this rogue wave smashes 473 00:24:11,333 --> 00:24:12,792 against the Jascon-4. 474 00:24:15,458 --> 00:24:18,957 And we're talking a wave 20, 30 plus feet tall. 475 00:24:18,958 --> 00:24:19,750 Within seconds, 476 00:24:19,751 --> 00:24:21,957 the Jascon-4 is knocked sideways 477 00:24:21,958 --> 00:24:24,624 and seawater quickly floods the ship. 478 00:24:24,625 --> 00:24:26,041 While his crew mates are drowning 479 00:24:26,042 --> 00:24:27,499 in their locked quarters, 480 00:24:27,500 --> 00:24:29,708 Harrison has a fighting chance. 481 00:24:31,708 --> 00:24:35,624 - A wall of water forces Harrison down a hallway 482 00:24:35,625 --> 00:24:39,207 into a small tiny room that is adjacent 483 00:24:39,208 --> 00:24:41,291 to an officer's quarters. 484 00:24:41,292 --> 00:24:45,832 At this point, the boat is completely upside down, 485 00:24:45,833 --> 00:24:48,916 so the ceiling is now the floor. 486 00:24:48,917 --> 00:24:52,000 He's fortunate enough to find an air pocket. 487 00:24:54,708 --> 00:24:56,916 Harrison finds safety for the moment, 488 00:24:56,917 --> 00:24:59,457 but let's not celebrate just yet. 489 00:24:59,458 --> 00:25:01,083 - The boat is starting to sink. 490 00:25:02,708 --> 00:25:06,041 Now he's down a hundred feet below sea level, 491 00:25:06,042 --> 00:25:10,624 stuck at the bottom of the ocean in his air pocket. 492 00:25:10,625 --> 00:25:14,499 If that's not bad enough, the cold water is 50 degrees. 493 00:25:14,500 --> 00:25:15,916 You have no wetsuit, 494 00:25:15,917 --> 00:25:18,000 you're not gonna survive in it very long. 495 00:25:19,333 --> 00:25:20,749 Though Harrison doesn't know it, 496 00:25:20,750 --> 00:25:22,957 rescue operations are underway, 497 00:25:22,958 --> 00:25:25,625 but it will take hours before divers reach the ship. 498 00:25:26,792 --> 00:25:28,707 - For open circuit dive operations 499 00:25:28,708 --> 00:25:31,082 for a depth of about a hundred feet, 500 00:25:31,083 --> 00:25:34,582 you are looking at a maximum bottom time of about 10 501 00:25:34,583 --> 00:25:36,541 to 15 minutes tops. 502 00:25:36,542 --> 00:25:38,374 So you can only imagine that these divers, 503 00:25:38,375 --> 00:25:40,291 they don't have a whole lot of time 504 00:25:40,292 --> 00:25:42,582 to search the ship, number one. 505 00:25:42,583 --> 00:25:44,957 Number two, it's gonna be very dark down there. 506 00:25:44,958 --> 00:25:46,957 And number three, they probably didn't have any time 507 00:25:46,958 --> 00:25:49,832 to familiarize with how the ship was structured. 508 00:25:49,833 --> 00:25:51,874 - Divers go down, they start hammering on the side 509 00:25:51,875 --> 00:25:56,582 of the hull of the ship, hoping to hear survivors. 510 00:25:56,583 --> 00:25:58,457 And Harrison hears it. 511 00:25:58,458 --> 00:26:00,999 He's shouting, banging back against the hull. 512 00:26:02,583 --> 00:26:04,874 The divers work their way around the ship, 513 00:26:04,875 --> 00:26:08,041 listening as they go, they hear nothing. 514 00:26:08,042 --> 00:26:10,332 They give up, convinced there are no survivors, 515 00:26:10,333 --> 00:26:11,917 and they return to the surface. 516 00:26:12,958 --> 00:26:15,166 - Once the sounds of the hammering stop, 517 00:26:15,167 --> 00:26:18,208 Harrison realizes that he's in extreme danger. 518 00:26:19,458 --> 00:26:20,832 - Every breath he takes 519 00:26:20,833 --> 00:26:23,249 puts him a step closer 520 00:26:23,250 --> 00:26:25,332 to being unable to breathe 521 00:26:25,333 --> 00:26:29,707 because he inhales oxygen, he exhales carbon dioxide, 522 00:26:29,708 --> 00:26:33,874 so the oxygen density in his air pocket is going down 523 00:26:33,875 --> 00:26:37,624 every moment with every breath that he takes. 524 00:26:37,625 --> 00:26:40,124 And if the lack of oxygen doesn't kill him, 525 00:26:40,125 --> 00:26:41,208 the cold will. 526 00:26:42,750 --> 00:26:46,208 He knows he has to move or die. 527 00:26:47,625 --> 00:26:50,707 - He just so happens to have some rope with him. 528 00:26:50,708 --> 00:26:52,583 So Harrison starts to get bold. 529 00:26:55,083 --> 00:26:57,749 - He decides to tie a rope to himself 530 00:26:57,750 --> 00:26:59,958 and to his current location. 531 00:27:01,167 --> 00:27:04,041 He decides to swim off in total darkness 532 00:27:04,042 --> 00:27:06,250 to go find a larger pocket of air. 533 00:27:11,375 --> 00:27:15,957 - So Harrison is taking these little sorties outside 534 00:27:15,958 --> 00:27:17,041 of the room, 535 00:27:17,042 --> 00:27:20,374 swimming roughly 25 meters would take him 536 00:27:20,375 --> 00:27:22,874 in between 20 and 30 seconds. 537 00:27:22,875 --> 00:27:25,041 He knows he's only got so much time 538 00:27:25,042 --> 00:27:27,000 before he's gotta go back to the room. 539 00:27:30,125 --> 00:27:32,957 - Just at the moment when he's about to run out of oxygen 540 00:27:32,958 --> 00:27:36,708 and head back, he decides to swim a little bit further, 541 00:27:42,042 --> 00:27:44,582 and that's where he pops up in the engineer's room 542 00:27:44,583 --> 00:27:46,625 where there's a bigger pocket of air. 543 00:27:47,583 --> 00:27:50,374 - The fact that Harrison actually finds 544 00:27:50,375 --> 00:27:51,874 the engineering room 545 00:27:51,875 --> 00:27:55,624 that has an additional air pocket is an absolute miracle. 546 00:27:55,625 --> 00:27:58,041 - Using a hammer that he's found, 547 00:27:58,042 --> 00:28:01,292 he pulls off some of the wood paneling from the walls, 548 00:28:02,667 --> 00:28:05,916 and using an air mattress that he's found, 549 00:28:05,917 --> 00:28:08,541 he creates a makeshift platform 550 00:28:08,542 --> 00:28:12,207 so he could at very least keep his upper body outside 551 00:28:12,208 --> 00:28:17,167 of the water, slowing the possibility of hypothermia. 552 00:28:17,917 --> 00:28:19,374 At this moment, 553 00:28:19,375 --> 00:28:21,291 Harrison has been trapped for more than 24 hours. 554 00:28:21,292 --> 00:28:24,957 While staving off hypothermia may seem like a small victory, 555 00:28:24,958 --> 00:28:27,207 he's still not out of the woods. 556 00:28:27,208 --> 00:28:28,541 - If you can believe it, 557 00:28:28,542 --> 00:28:33,750 then things actually go from super bad to super worse. 558 00:28:34,667 --> 00:28:36,166 The sharks have come 559 00:28:36,167 --> 00:28:40,207 and he can hear them swimming around the boat 560 00:28:40,208 --> 00:28:44,666 and eating the bodies of his crew mates, 561 00:28:44,667 --> 00:28:48,999 and he knows that if they find him, he's next. 562 00:28:49,000 --> 00:28:51,833 As a terrified Harrison listens to sharks, 563 00:28:53,833 --> 00:28:56,208 divers return to collect bodies. 564 00:28:57,500 --> 00:29:00,707 - There are six divers that get tasked with the job. 565 00:29:00,708 --> 00:29:02,416 Once they enter the vessel, 566 00:29:02,417 --> 00:29:04,541 they finally find the cabin area 567 00:29:04,542 --> 00:29:06,541 and they're able to start extracting 568 00:29:06,542 --> 00:29:08,208 the deceased crew members. 569 00:29:09,292 --> 00:29:11,082 After two days and 14 hours 570 00:29:11,083 --> 00:29:13,207 in almost complete darkness, 571 00:29:13,208 --> 00:29:17,207 Harrison sees a mysterious glow in the water. 572 00:29:17,208 --> 00:29:19,666 - The divers are going in and out of the wreckage, 573 00:29:19,667 --> 00:29:23,375 and as they're coming in on one last pass, 574 00:29:26,708 --> 00:29:28,125 it's Harrison. 575 00:29:30,875 --> 00:29:32,207 - What's your name? - Harrison. 576 00:29:32,208 --> 00:29:34,332 - You could only imagine what it's like 577 00:29:34,333 --> 00:29:38,374 to be diving a hundred feet below recovering bodies 578 00:29:38,375 --> 00:29:41,874 and all of a sudden a body comes and recovers you. 579 00:29:41,875 --> 00:29:44,417 But Harrison's not getting out of this just yet. 580 00:29:46,042 --> 00:29:49,166 - Now that they've found Harrison alive, 581 00:29:49,167 --> 00:29:51,957 they have to be careful to not kill him 582 00:29:51,958 --> 00:29:54,291 in trying to save him. 583 00:29:54,292 --> 00:29:56,749 Harrison has been 100 feet below sea level 584 00:29:56,750 --> 00:29:58,374 for nearly three days, 585 00:29:58,375 --> 00:30:01,875 so he'll have to be brought to the surface, slow and steady. 586 00:30:03,208 --> 00:30:06,166 - When the body tissues have absorbed all that nitrogen, 587 00:30:06,167 --> 00:30:08,582 once they start to relieve the pressure 588 00:30:08,583 --> 00:30:10,207 and those bubbles form 589 00:30:10,208 --> 00:30:13,666 and they come out of the tissues, they can go anywhere. 590 00:30:13,667 --> 00:30:16,041 If they go to your heart, they could stop your heart motion. 591 00:30:16,042 --> 00:30:18,541 If they go to your brain, they can cause a stroke. 592 00:30:18,542 --> 00:30:22,792 Major, major problems if you don't handle this correctly. 593 00:30:23,833 --> 00:30:25,999 - The solution for Harrison comes 594 00:30:26,000 --> 00:30:28,082 when they bring him this pressurized suit 595 00:30:28,083 --> 00:30:31,999 and then slowly ascend so that he can adapt 596 00:30:32,000 --> 00:30:36,167 to the changing pressures and not suffer any catastrophes. 597 00:30:39,042 --> 00:30:40,832 And one of the strangest facts 598 00:30:40,833 --> 00:30:42,999 of this whole experience, 599 00:30:43,000 --> 00:30:44,666 when they get him to the surface, 600 00:30:44,667 --> 00:30:48,416 he's been at the bottom of the ocean for 62 hours. 601 00:30:48,417 --> 00:30:51,207 He thinks he's only been down there for 12 hours. 602 00:30:51,208 --> 00:30:54,207 He's essentially lost two days in his mind. 603 00:30:54,208 --> 00:30:57,333 Somehow, time has become compressed for him. 604 00:30:59,417 --> 00:31:00,999 - After this whole ordeal, 605 00:31:01,000 --> 00:31:03,832 instead of being terrified to return to the ocean again, 606 00:31:03,833 --> 00:31:07,332 Harrison decides to become a commercial diver. 607 00:31:07,333 --> 00:31:10,082 - And the man who presents Harrison Okene 608 00:31:10,083 --> 00:31:13,332 with his diploma upon graduation, 609 00:31:13,333 --> 00:31:15,458 none other than the diver who rescued him. 610 00:31:21,833 --> 00:31:23,416 - What's more terrifying than death itself? 611 00:31:23,417 --> 00:31:27,374 Perhaps not dying, but being buried anyway. 612 00:31:27,375 --> 00:31:30,332 While it sounds like something out of a gothic novel, 613 00:31:30,333 --> 00:31:33,167 it's happened more often than we'd like to imagine. 614 00:31:36,875 --> 00:31:38,541 - In the 18th and 19th centuries, 615 00:31:38,542 --> 00:31:39,791 there's this huge fear 616 00:31:39,792 --> 00:31:41,374 of being buried alive. 617 00:31:41,375 --> 00:31:42,791 Yes, some of this fear comes 618 00:31:42,792 --> 00:31:44,249 from works of fiction, 619 00:31:44,250 --> 00:31:46,916 and those are inspired by very real cases, 620 00:31:46,917 --> 00:31:48,541 and it's a real enough possibility 621 00:31:48,542 --> 00:31:50,667 for doctors to test for, 622 00:31:50,792 --> 00:31:52,500 well, death. 623 00:31:54,083 --> 00:31:58,041 - They devised a number of tests for physicians 624 00:31:58,042 --> 00:32:02,958 and morticians to ensure that a person is actually dead 625 00:32:03,625 --> 00:32:05,332 before they're to be buried. 626 00:32:05,333 --> 00:32:08,417 They are generally unpleasant experiences. 627 00:32:09,375 --> 00:32:11,791 - We're talking pliers on nipples, 628 00:32:11,792 --> 00:32:16,958 rinsing out the mouth with urine, and tobacco smoke enemas. 629 00:32:17,208 --> 00:32:19,582 I don't really know why regular enemas weren't enough, 630 00:32:19,583 --> 00:32:21,874 but the tobacco smoke enemas are where we landed on this. 631 00:32:21,875 --> 00:32:23,541 And yes, this apparently is where the phrase, 632 00:32:23,542 --> 00:32:25,874 "Blowing smoke up one's ass," comes from. 633 00:32:25,875 --> 00:32:28,207 - The thinking is that if they create something 634 00:32:28,208 --> 00:32:30,499 that is unpleasant enough 635 00:32:30,500 --> 00:32:34,416 and they subject a potentially dead person 636 00:32:34,417 --> 00:32:35,957 to said experience, 637 00:32:35,958 --> 00:32:38,332 the people who are not actually dead 638 00:32:38,333 --> 00:32:40,249 will respond to that treatment 639 00:32:40,250 --> 00:32:43,249 and then declare themselves as not being dead, 640 00:32:43,250 --> 00:32:46,124 and those who are dead won't mind. 641 00:32:46,125 --> 00:32:48,124 Thankfully, these tests are phased out 642 00:32:48,125 --> 00:32:51,042 in the early 20th century, so we'll never know. 643 00:32:52,375 --> 00:32:55,583 Could they have prevented the fate of one Angelo Hayes? 644 00:32:57,708 --> 00:32:59,916 - So it's 1937, we're in France, 645 00:32:59,917 --> 00:33:02,082 and Angelo Hayes, young guy, 646 00:33:02,083 --> 00:33:04,041 loves to ride his motorcycle 647 00:33:04,042 --> 00:33:07,041 and he does not like wearing a helmet. 648 00:33:07,042 --> 00:33:09,499 - And one day he's riding his motorcycle very fast, 649 00:33:09,500 --> 00:33:10,541 loses control of it, 650 00:33:10,542 --> 00:33:13,791 and he crashes headfirst into a brick wall. 651 00:33:13,792 --> 00:33:17,082 Hayes has so much head trauma and it's so gruesome, 652 00:33:17,083 --> 00:33:18,791 they won't even let his family see the body. 653 00:33:18,792 --> 00:33:20,500 They think it will be so distressing. 654 00:33:21,458 --> 00:33:24,082 - He suffers extensive facial injuries, 655 00:33:24,083 --> 00:33:26,207 and these injuries are so bad 656 00:33:26,208 --> 00:33:28,791 that his face is unrecognizable. 657 00:33:28,792 --> 00:33:30,957 He has no signs of life. 658 00:33:30,958 --> 00:33:33,291 He's declared dead at the scene 659 00:33:33,292 --> 00:33:37,207 and he is sent directly to the morgue. 660 00:33:37,208 --> 00:33:38,457 - So three days after the accident, 661 00:33:38,458 --> 00:33:41,207 his family buries him in their very small village 662 00:33:41,208 --> 00:33:44,374 of St Quinten de Chalais and he would still be there 663 00:33:44,375 --> 00:33:46,999 had it not been for a life insurance company 664 00:33:47,000 --> 00:33:49,207 that gets a little suspicious. 665 00:33:49,208 --> 00:33:51,041 Two weeks before Angelo's accident, 666 00:33:51,042 --> 00:33:53,457 his family takes out a life insurance policy worth 667 00:33:53,458 --> 00:33:56,999 the equivalent of 200,000 in today's dollars, 668 00:33:57,000 --> 00:34:00,250 a big policy for a 19-year-old in 1937. 669 00:34:01,292 --> 00:34:03,249 - It all seems a little bit suspicious, 670 00:34:03,250 --> 00:34:05,957 especially seeing as it was taken out just weeks before. 671 00:34:05,958 --> 00:34:08,041 The insurance company sends two investigators 672 00:34:08,042 --> 00:34:09,832 and they actually exhume his body. 673 00:34:09,833 --> 00:34:11,874 They open up the casket 674 00:34:11,875 --> 00:34:14,625 and it turns out this man is not dead. 675 00:34:19,542 --> 00:34:22,707 - He's not conscious, but he has a heartbeat, 676 00:34:22,708 --> 00:34:24,166 albeit very slow, 677 00:34:24,167 --> 00:34:28,582 and he also has a very reduced respiratory rate. 678 00:34:28,583 --> 00:34:30,082 Surviving the motorcycle crash 679 00:34:30,083 --> 00:34:32,041 is a miracle on its own, 680 00:34:32,042 --> 00:34:33,624 but being buried alive 681 00:34:33,625 --> 00:34:36,041 and not succumbing to such horrific injuries, 682 00:34:36,042 --> 00:34:39,541 even after three days, how is this possible? 683 00:34:39,542 --> 00:34:41,374 - He's in a coma and when you're in a coma, 684 00:34:41,375 --> 00:34:43,207 your metabolic rate is so low 685 00:34:43,208 --> 00:34:45,041 that you don't need much air to survive. 686 00:34:45,042 --> 00:34:46,457 So they promptly take him to a hospital 687 00:34:46,458 --> 00:34:48,125 and he makes a full recovery. 688 00:34:49,708 --> 00:34:53,249 - So being declared dead obviously has a profound effect 689 00:34:53,250 --> 00:34:55,582 on Angelo and he ends up inventing 690 00:34:55,583 --> 00:34:58,916 a whole other type of coffin just in case this happens 691 00:34:58,917 --> 00:35:00,208 to somebody else. 692 00:35:01,333 --> 00:35:04,332 - It includes a food locker, an oxygen supply, 693 00:35:04,333 --> 00:35:05,791 and a radio transmitter, 694 00:35:05,792 --> 00:35:09,582 so a person who is buried alive can call for help. 695 00:35:09,583 --> 00:35:12,624 The funny thing is for all the effort that he expended 696 00:35:12,625 --> 00:35:13,999 on designing this thing, 697 00:35:14,000 --> 00:35:16,499 there's no evidence that anyone ever bought a single unit. 698 00:35:16,500 --> 00:35:17,628 There's no evidence that anyone ever bought a single unit. 699 00:35:17,708 --> 00:35:19,374 I guess that after being buried alive 700 00:35:19,375 --> 00:35:23,625 for three days, Angelo wasn't taking any chances. 701 00:35:27,375 --> 00:35:31,291 - Imagine a human frozen solid as a rock, 702 00:35:31,292 --> 00:35:33,416 who is then brought back to life. 703 00:35:33,417 --> 00:35:35,707 It's a storyline straight from the movies, 704 00:35:35,708 --> 00:35:37,916 but is it actually possible? 705 00:35:37,917 --> 00:35:39,374 I'd have said no, 706 00:35:39,375 --> 00:35:42,833 until I heard our next unbelievable story. 707 00:35:45,875 --> 00:35:49,249 - It is 1980 and a 19-year-old named Jean Hilliard 708 00:35:49,250 --> 00:35:50,707 is driving back home 709 00:35:50,708 --> 00:35:53,832 after a night out with friends in Minnesota 710 00:35:53,833 --> 00:35:55,792 and her car skids off the road 711 00:35:57,417 --> 00:35:59,708 and goes through a snowbank. 712 00:36:00,750 --> 00:36:04,249 - This is well before the advent of cell phones. 713 00:36:04,250 --> 00:36:06,582 She's in the middle of nowhere, 714 00:36:06,583 --> 00:36:08,791 but she knows that her friend Wally Nelson, 715 00:36:08,792 --> 00:36:12,749 lives not very far from where she has crashed her car. 716 00:36:12,750 --> 00:36:16,082 - And she decides that the best course of action is to walk, 717 00:36:16,083 --> 00:36:18,249 but there's one problem. 718 00:36:18,250 --> 00:36:20,417 It's minus 22 out 719 00:36:21,750 --> 00:36:24,249 and she's not exactly well-equipped for the weather. 720 00:36:24,250 --> 00:36:27,457 She's wearing cowboy boots and a light jacket 721 00:36:27,458 --> 00:36:30,082 That might be okay for a summer stroll, 722 00:36:30,083 --> 00:36:32,041 but not for temperatures cold enough 723 00:36:32,042 --> 00:36:33,917 to cause frostbite within minutes, 724 00:36:35,292 --> 00:36:36,791 - She might think that her friend's house 725 00:36:36,792 --> 00:36:39,874 is just a few minutes down the road, but that's by car. 726 00:36:39,875 --> 00:36:42,750 She's walking for over an hour. 727 00:36:43,875 --> 00:36:47,457 - Her body now is trying to minimize her heat loss 728 00:36:47,458 --> 00:36:49,749 and protect her as much as possible. 729 00:36:49,750 --> 00:36:53,541 It'll prioritize the critical organs needed for survival 730 00:36:53,542 --> 00:36:56,374 and direct her blood flow toward the heart, 731 00:36:56,375 --> 00:36:58,416 the brain, and the lungs. 732 00:36:58,417 --> 00:37:01,416 But after a while, even that is not enough, 733 00:37:01,417 --> 00:37:05,749 and these vital organs will start to shut down. 734 00:37:05,750 --> 00:37:08,624 - She makes it to her friend Wally's front yard, 735 00:37:08,625 --> 00:37:12,833 but before she can reach the porch, she passes out. 736 00:37:14,750 --> 00:37:16,999 - Wally discovers her the next morning 737 00:37:17,000 --> 00:37:18,000 when he's coming out to go to work. 738 00:37:18,001 --> 00:37:19,874 So it's about six hours 739 00:37:19,875 --> 00:37:22,875 that Jean has been out in this subfreezing temperature. 740 00:37:24,375 --> 00:37:27,916 - Her friend Wally sees this human shaped ice block 741 00:37:27,917 --> 00:37:30,541 in front of his house and he's horrified to see 742 00:37:30,542 --> 00:37:34,458 that it's his friend Jean with her eyes frozen open. 743 00:37:36,083 --> 00:37:37,749 - First, he thinks she's dead, 744 00:37:37,750 --> 00:37:42,374 but then he notices bubbles coming out of her nostril 745 00:37:42,375 --> 00:37:44,416 and so maybe there's hope. 746 00:37:44,417 --> 00:37:46,041 - He gets her to the hospital. 747 00:37:46,042 --> 00:37:49,041 The paramedics there don't even need a stretcher 748 00:37:49,042 --> 00:37:50,000 to carry her in. 749 00:37:50,001 --> 00:37:51,957 She's literally stiff as a board 750 00:37:51,958 --> 00:37:54,874 and the doctors can't even start an IV on her. 751 00:37:54,875 --> 00:37:59,166 She's so solid that the IV needles break 752 00:37:59,167 --> 00:38:00,874 when they try to insert them. 753 00:38:00,875 --> 00:38:04,624 - The frostbite is so severe, her toes are jet black. 754 00:38:04,625 --> 00:38:06,457 - Her body temperature is so low 755 00:38:06,458 --> 00:38:09,207 that it doesn't register on a thermometer 756 00:38:09,208 --> 00:38:13,000 and her heartbeat has slowed down to eight beats a minute. 757 00:38:14,375 --> 00:38:17,582 They expect her to die and they use heating pads 758 00:38:17,583 --> 00:38:21,666 to try and thaw her out even if it's just for her dead body 759 00:38:21,667 --> 00:38:23,792 to get back to her parents for burial. 760 00:38:25,083 --> 00:38:29,457 - Eventually, Jean's body warms up and she returns to life. 761 00:38:29,458 --> 00:38:33,000 What's more amazing, she speaks. 762 00:38:34,417 --> 00:38:35,582 - And the first thing that's 763 00:38:35,583 --> 00:38:37,999 on her mind is being worried 764 00:38:38,000 --> 00:38:39,207 that her dad might be pissed off 765 00:38:39,208 --> 00:38:42,416 that his Ford LTD is in a ditch somewhere. 766 00:38:42,417 --> 00:38:44,082 Her survival astounds 767 00:38:44,083 --> 00:38:45,667 the scientific community. 768 00:38:46,792 --> 00:38:50,707 - Jean Hilliard comes back from the precipice, 769 00:38:50,708 --> 00:38:53,374 from the edge of freezing to death, 770 00:38:53,375 --> 00:38:55,374 and because of her, 771 00:38:55,375 --> 00:38:58,291 medical professionals now state 772 00:38:58,292 --> 00:39:01,082 that they will not pronounce anyone dead 773 00:39:01,083 --> 00:39:05,124 until they are warm and dead, 774 00:39:05,125 --> 00:39:09,625 that as long as the body is frozen, there is still hope. 775 00:39:10,917 --> 00:39:14,707 - Six hours and frozen stiff, impressive for a human, 776 00:39:14,708 --> 00:39:18,082 but that's nothing for one strange animal 777 00:39:18,083 --> 00:39:20,333 recently unearthed in the Arctic. 778 00:39:22,375 --> 00:39:24,416 - Researchers are out collecting samples 779 00:39:24,417 --> 00:39:26,291 in the Siberian Permafrost 780 00:39:26,292 --> 00:39:29,958 and they find a little tiny frozen creature. 781 00:39:31,375 --> 00:39:33,707 But even though it's microscopic, it's very complex. 782 00:39:33,708 --> 00:39:37,166 It has a brain, it has a reproductive system, 783 00:39:37,167 --> 00:39:38,832 it has a gut. 784 00:39:38,833 --> 00:39:40,666 It is the bdelloid rotifer, 785 00:39:40,667 --> 00:39:42,457 and the one scientists discover reveals 786 00:39:42,458 --> 00:39:45,000 an unbelievable survival mechanism. 787 00:39:46,458 --> 00:39:49,791 - These kinds of rotifers have the ability to survive 788 00:39:49,792 --> 00:39:53,291 for very long periods of time in a dormant state, 789 00:39:53,292 --> 00:39:55,957 but this one breaks all the records. 790 00:39:55,958 --> 00:39:59,457 The scientists carbonate this particular bdelloid rotifer 791 00:39:59,458 --> 00:40:03,708 and find that it is 24,000 years old. 792 00:40:04,875 --> 00:40:07,832 Most astonishing of all, it's not dead. 793 00:40:07,833 --> 00:40:12,374 It's resting, and scientists are able to wake it up. 794 00:40:12,375 --> 00:40:13,707 - Once they're discovered 795 00:40:13,708 --> 00:40:16,249 and brought out of that freezing condition, 796 00:40:16,250 --> 00:40:18,457 all you have to do is add water. 797 00:40:18,458 --> 00:40:22,874 And in a few hours, these things start moving again. 798 00:40:22,875 --> 00:40:26,416 - This bdelloid rotifer was alive during the age 799 00:40:26,417 --> 00:40:29,667 of wooly mammoths and saber tooth tigers. 800 00:40:30,917 --> 00:40:33,291 - No one really understands how they do this. 801 00:40:33,292 --> 00:40:35,541 It is crazy, but possibly someday 802 00:40:35,542 --> 00:40:36,791 when this is better understood, 803 00:40:36,792 --> 00:40:39,124 this can be applied to humans as well. 804 00:40:39,125 --> 00:40:40,416 This begs the question, 805 00:40:40,417 --> 00:40:43,582 could there be other mysterious creatures living 806 00:40:43,583 --> 00:40:46,458 in the permafrost, waiting to come back to life? 807 00:40:47,542 --> 00:40:51,541 - Permafrost is the perfect place 808 00:40:51,542 --> 00:40:53,667 to preserve ancient viruses. 809 00:40:55,083 --> 00:40:58,707 - In fact, the melting of the permafrost has been linked 810 00:40:58,708 --> 00:41:03,667 to anthrax outbreaks in reindeer populations in Siberia. 811 00:41:04,500 --> 00:41:05,749 The permafrost is melting, 812 00:41:05,750 --> 00:41:09,082 and that permafrost contains zombie viruses 813 00:41:09,083 --> 00:41:11,874 that have been dormant for ages 814 00:41:11,875 --> 00:41:15,917 and could potentially pose a serious risk to humans. 815 00:41:17,875 --> 00:41:20,541 - Now, that's scary to think about, 816 00:41:20,542 --> 00:41:22,707 but if these stories have anything to teach us, 817 00:41:22,708 --> 00:41:25,082 it's that humans and non-humans 818 00:41:25,083 --> 00:41:28,707 can survive seemingly impossible circumstances, 819 00:41:28,708 --> 00:41:32,666 no matter how unbelievable they may seem. 820 00:41:34,038 --> 00:41:36,038 >>>>oakislandtk<<<<< www.opensubtitles.org 61315

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