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In the 21st century, The rules of
the spy war are being rewritten.
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Today, intelligence agencies fight a new, more
elusive, And fanatical enemy radicalized abroad,
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But very much homegrown,
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An enemy prepared to stop at nothing
And spare no one to achieve its aims.
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This is the story behind the biggest
Surveillance operation in british history,
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And how the intelligence
agencies thwarted
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The deadliest terrorist plot
ever devised on british soil.
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On June 24, 2006, A flight from islamabad,
pakistan Landed at london's heathrow airport.
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Disembarking was a british citizen, Abdulla
ahmed ali, on his way home to east london.
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He came from a very
ordinary well-integrated family.
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He had been to school, and had been a
fairly Well adjusted and effective student.
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Quite charismatic, and within his sort of community,
He was clearly kind of a leader type figure.
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But ali was being tracked By the
british security service, mi5.
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He was under suspicion.
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It was believed that he
was becoming radicalized.
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Intelligence suggested that abdulla ahmed ali
Had just returned from northern pakistan,
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Where he'd met with a
man called rashid rauf.
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Rashid rauf was the link man between What
was going in al-qaeda's central thinking
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And lots of operatives back
in britain and elsewhere.
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A british citizen, Rashid rauf had
fled the uk for pakistan in 2002.
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By 2006, he was a senior member of al-qaeda,
And the suspected mastermind behind a series
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Of deadly terrorist
attacks throughout europe.
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The moment at which ali Comes
into contact with rauf,
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The threat picture around
him distinctly changes.
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00:03:07,401 --> 00:03:10,519
So it immediately shifts him
into a very different rank.
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Though mi5 didn't know it yet, By the time abdulla
ahmed ali Returned to britain in June 2006,
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He had also become a
frontline al-qaeda operative.
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He was a terrorist ready To do
an operation by that point.
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At the airport, Ali's passport
triggered an internal warning,
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And mi5 agents carried out a
covert search of his suitcase.
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What they discovered raised
more questions than answers.
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There were bags of tang, Which is a sugar-based
drink, Which is sold in pakistan and india,
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And quite a large
number of aa batteries.
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Why you'd be bringing aa
batteries into the country?
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They don't do anything different From other
double aa batteries, So that raises suspicion.
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You have a situation here Where
you've got an individual
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Who's been to a place that they're concerned about
Who suddenly returned to the united kingdom
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With a whole series of material, Not
material that in itself is that dangerous
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But material that is clearly being
brought Back for a very specific purpose
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And one that they
don't understand.
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The airport discovery
marked a critical moment.
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Mi5 suspected something
sinister was going on.
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They just didn't know what.
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British intelligence was
already on high alert.
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Less than one year before on July 7, 2005, A
homegrown terrorist cell had orchestrated
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What became known
as the 7/7 bombings.
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Across london, 52 people were
killed And hundreds more injured.
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Counter terrorism chiefs Had vowed
to do everything they could
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To prevent another
attack on british soil.
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Abdulla ahmed ali appeared
to be a potential terrorist,
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So he was placed under
24-hour surveillance.
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He was given a code name, A two-word code
name, Which in his case it was lion roar.
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Lion roar is
leaving the station.
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Mi5 did not know that there was a much
More dangerous reason to be following ali.
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At the moment he
was just someone
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Who they were suspicious of.
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It was just a case of
we have to wait and watch.
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There was absolutely no sense
How big this was gonna become.
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Mi5 was now
running the surveillance op
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Alongside the metropolitan
police's counter terrorism unit.
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The joint investigation was
named "operation overt".
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Steve dryden was the surveillance coordinator For
the operation based in the major incident room.
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This is the bit where we build up A
lifestyle picture of the suspect
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To find out if he's doing
anything Which raises suspicions.
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Target's moving
onto high street.
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It's important to find out who he's with,
Who he's meeting, what his lifestyle is,
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What he's actually doing,
what mosque is he going to?
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Surveillance operatives Embedded
themselves within the community.
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A team of more than 30 people Were
required to watch ali 24 hours a day.
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These operations
expand very quickly.
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It takes an extraordinary
amount of manpower.
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You don't want the same people,
The same faces around every day,
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So you've gotta
rotate those teams.
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They don't employ the regular Kind of
people you'd expect to be police officers.
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The team believed that ali Could
be setting up a terrorist cell,
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So anyone he came into contact with
Automatically became a person of interest.
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An intelligence picture
will be built up on them.
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Who are they?
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Is there any association with him
Or others of interest in the past?
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Are they part of a network?
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Are they going to a mosque Where we
have concerns about radicalization?
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Every telephone conversation that is placed,
Every physical meeting that takes place
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Will bring into the
picture other individuals.
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So the network becomes a spiderweb
of people Within next to no time.
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From the surveillance operation, It became
clear that ali was in regular contact
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With a man named tanvir hussain, A 25 year
old who lived nearby in leyton, east london.
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Ali and hussain are both old school mates
And clearly hussain looked up to ali.
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00:08:01,794 --> 00:08:05,319
He was clearly kind of
his older brother figure.
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00:08:05,394 --> 00:08:12,559
Tanvir hussain was a young man Who had grown
up in pretty much a western lifestyle.
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00:08:12,914 --> 00:08:14,672
He had gone off the rails
to a certain extent.
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He had experimented with drink and drugs,
And then there was a paradigm shift,
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And he went way past islam
and into extreme islam.
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The two men were so close That
investigators believed hussain
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Could be ali's second-in-command
in a terrorist cell.
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Then, two weeks into the
investigation, Ali met a new contact,
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Using a technique familiar
from other al-qaeda cells.
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Lion roar meeting
unknown target.
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They lay on the ground face down With their heads
together And actually talked into the ground,
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00:09:01,234 --> 00:09:05,399
And that is a classic way of making
sure That anyone with a long range mic
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00:09:05,474 --> 00:09:07,079
Can't pick up what
you're saying.
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00:09:08,034 --> 00:09:10,839
It confirmed
investigators' worst fears.
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00:09:10,914 --> 00:09:13,799
They were dealing with trained
terrorist professionals.
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I think there's very clear evidence
That this cell had been trained in
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00:09:19,321 --> 00:09:22,119
Counter-surveillance
techniques in pakistan.
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It gave us a wake - Up call to make
sure That we were ultra careful because
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They were taking
care of themselves.
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Right, stay on the unknown male.
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I've got him.
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00:09:32,514 --> 00:09:35,312
The surveillance
team followed ali's new contact.
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Within hours, they had
identified him as assad sarwar.
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Ali was clearly kind of a leader, Natural leader
amongst his group, A very charismatic young man.
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Assad sarwar was a bit more of
A bumbling figure if you will.
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Once a mailman sarwar now lived 30 miles north
of london in high wycombe with his parents.
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He was not the most
gifted intellectually.
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00:10:02,194 --> 00:10:05,632
He sort of tried to go to university
And dropped out fairly early on.
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00:10:05,641 --> 00:10:10,839
He'd never had a girlfriend, And he never
seemed to be able to hold down much of a job
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00:10:12,121 --> 00:10:15,952
But mi5 had seen enough To place
him under full surveillance.
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00:10:15,961 --> 00:10:19,632
He was assigned the
codename rich food.
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00:10:21,394 --> 00:10:23,792
As the scope of the
investigation grew,
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Surveillance operatives were
tracking more than 20 people.
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00:10:30,034 --> 00:10:35,319
Teams were in place across london and the
southeast, With multiple live video feeds
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00:10:35,394 --> 00:10:40,239
Relayed to the operation control room
At scotland yard 24 hours a day.
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00:10:41,321 --> 00:10:46,192
It soon became clear to the watching
spies That three people in particular,
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00:10:46,201 --> 00:10:51,072
Abdulla ahmed ali, tanvir
hussain, and assad sarwar,
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00:10:51,081 --> 00:10:55,152
Were at the center of a rapidly
expanding terrorist cell.
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00:10:55,161 --> 00:10:59,152
As we were going forward with the investigation
And we were feeding in the surveillance product,
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00:10:59,161 --> 00:11:03,079
We were seeing suspicious activity,
Specifically from the three of them.
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00:11:04,761 --> 00:11:10,199
Tanvir hussain was followed to a pharmacy
Where he was seen purchasing large syringes.
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00:11:12,194 --> 00:11:14,752
I mean this is a man who's not
Very involved in chemistry.
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00:11:14,761 --> 00:11:15,799
Why does he suddenly
need to buy syringes?
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00:11:15,874 --> 00:11:17,119
That raises some red flags.
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00:11:19,474 --> 00:11:24,119
Assad sarwar was watched buying
Citric acid in local shops.
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00:11:24,194 --> 00:11:28,559
And abdulla ahmed ali Was observed
doing something stranger still.
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00:11:32,921 --> 00:11:38,599
Ali was seen by a surveillance team In a news
agent's shop Paying particular attention
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00:11:38,674 --> 00:11:44,119
To the bottoms of plastic drinks bottles, And
that made actually no sense at all at the time.
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00:11:44,194 --> 00:11:49,072
As the surveillance product's coming in,
We're trying to work out and feed forward
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00:11:49,081 --> 00:11:53,039
What we thought they were actually up
to, What the end game was going to be.
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Then, investigators
uncovered a vital clue.
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The surveillance team tracking
assad sarwar discovered
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00:12:01,554 --> 00:12:04,799
He was purchasing large
volumes of hydrogen peroxide.
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00:12:06,441 --> 00:12:09,319
Hydrogen peroxide is a chemical,
And it's a chemical that actually
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Is fairly available
in our ordinary lives.
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00:12:11,561 --> 00:12:15,999
For example, hairdressers tend to use it a lot
Because it's something they use in bleach.
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00:12:17,161 --> 00:12:21,559
But hydrogen peroxide has
another use, As an explosive.
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At a concentrated level,
it can be weaponized.
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00:12:26,594 --> 00:12:32,512
For them to be purchasing that there are no
other reasons You would buy hydrogen peroxide
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00:12:32,521 --> 00:12:36,639
If you are a radicalised terrorist
Other than to build a device.
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00:12:41,874 --> 00:12:46,672
Investigators began to think that the
tang And the batteries in ali's suitcase
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00:12:46,681 --> 00:12:48,839
Could also be
components of a bomb.
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00:12:52,194 --> 00:12:56,192
We knew that they would be
Constructing some kind of device.
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00:12:56,201 --> 00:12:59,439
We just didn't know what the
device was going to look like.
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00:13:00,921 --> 00:13:06,279
For mi5 and the metropolitan police, This
plot was becoming more sinister by the hour.
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00:13:07,881 --> 00:13:12,879
It was now clear the surveillance teams
Had exposed an al - Qaeda terrorist cell.
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00:13:14,281 --> 00:13:19,152
But they still had no idea of the scale Of
the plot they were about to undercover.
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00:13:21,874 --> 00:13:27,559
By July 2006, the british security
service And london's metropolitan police
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00:13:27,634 --> 00:13:33,879
Were deep into a major surveillance operation,
Tracking a homegrown al-qaeda cell in east london.
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Every terror cell needs a
base from which to operate.
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00:13:39,241 --> 00:13:43,399
But for weeks, it wasn't clear if
this cell Had a headquarters at all.
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00:13:43,474 --> 00:13:44,839
Then, came a breakthrough.
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00:13:49,954 --> 00:13:56,119
The team tracking the plot's ringleader, Abdulla
ahmed ali, followed him to a new location,
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A flat, in walthamstow,
east london.
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00:14:00,674 --> 00:14:05,479
Over subsequent days, surveillance operatives
Observed other members of the suspected cell
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00:14:05,554 --> 00:14:07,439
Entering and leaving
the property.
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00:14:09,161 --> 00:14:11,872
They quickly discover that
This is the hub of operations
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00:14:11,881 --> 00:14:14,079
Where the plot is
essentially being run from.
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00:14:15,081 --> 00:14:17,392
It was clearly the
center of operations.
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00:14:17,401 --> 00:14:21,839
If they wanted to gather intelligence,
This was the place that it had to be done.
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00:14:22,761 --> 00:14:26,272
So investigators
came up with a high-risk plan.
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00:14:26,281 --> 00:14:30,919
While the plotters were out, They'd attempt
to rig the flat with surveillance equipment.
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00:14:31,961 --> 00:14:37,559
This was absolutely crucial now That they
had to get access to this apartment.
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00:14:42,834 --> 00:14:47,392
There is actually a specialist police
unit And what they do all day long is
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00:14:47,401 --> 00:14:50,119
They practice getting in
and out of locked buildings.
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00:14:50,194 --> 00:14:54,599
Their task is to get into these places
And get out again without anyone knowing
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They were ever there.
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00:14:56,514 --> 00:14:58,359
Investigators waited.
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00:15:02,194 --> 00:15:05,359
Until one night, a window
of opportunity appeared.
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00:15:06,441 --> 00:15:09,552
The surveillance team
alerted the operations room.
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00:15:09,561 --> 00:15:10,919
The flat was empty.
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00:15:12,354 --> 00:15:14,352
Subjects are
leaving the building.
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00:15:14,361 --> 00:15:15,519
Okay blue team go.
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00:15:16,434 --> 00:15:20,919
With no idea when the plotters would
return, The team had to act fast.
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00:15:20,994 --> 00:15:22,759
Come on blue team let's move it.
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00:15:22,834 --> 00:15:29,152
They install bugs and cameras That no
one will ever be able to ever find
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00:15:29,161 --> 00:15:31,319
Because they are extremely tiny.
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00:15:33,154 --> 00:15:36,719
Camera two is live.
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00:15:39,161 --> 00:15:40,039
Camera three live.
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00:15:42,441 --> 00:15:44,839
Roger that, all camera's
live, sir, done.
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00:15:44,914 --> 00:15:46,192
Right, get them out of there.
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00:15:46,201 --> 00:15:47,119
Let's go blue team, let's go.
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00:15:48,201 --> 00:15:52,119
Then, the unit had
to get out leaving no trace.
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00:15:54,274 --> 00:15:57,952
The infiltration op was
an unqualified success.
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00:15:57,961 --> 00:16:03,119
Now the surveillance team had extraordinary
access To the al-qaeda cell's command center.
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00:16:04,121 --> 00:16:08,592
For the first time they were able To
monitor what was going on inside there,
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00:16:08,601 --> 00:16:11,872
And that would prove
to be hugely important.
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00:16:17,154 --> 00:16:20,359
One detective told me that They
were almost laughing about it
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00:16:20,434 --> 00:16:23,239
Because it was like watching
a very bad big brother.
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00:16:26,281 --> 00:16:31,879
The security services were now convinced
The walthamstow flat was a bomb factory.
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00:16:31,954 --> 00:16:34,432
Ground surveillance teams were
instructed to sift through
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00:16:34,441 --> 00:16:40,992
Every possible piece of forensic evidence, For
clues as to what type of bombs they could be.
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00:16:41,001 --> 00:16:43,632
They were followed away
from the address one day.
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00:16:43,641 --> 00:16:45,639
One of them had a
plastic bag with him.
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00:16:45,714 --> 00:16:47,999
He put it into a rubbish bin.
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00:16:48,914 --> 00:16:56,239
That was recovered, and that had what I'd describe
As the component parts of aa batteries in it.
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00:16:57,474 --> 00:17:03,959
That was another light bulb moment Because it
meant that aa batteries were going to form
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00:17:04,034 --> 00:17:06,439
Some part of the device
that was being built.
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00:17:09,481 --> 00:17:14,272
Fifty kilometers away assad
sarwar, Codenamed rich food,
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00:17:14,281 --> 00:17:17,239
Was amassing a stockpile
of hydrogen peroxide.
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00:17:19,154 --> 00:17:23,392
Sarwar had tracked down suppliers
online, And traveled across the country
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00:17:23,401 --> 00:17:26,319
To buy small volumes
from multiple locations.
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00:17:28,194 --> 00:17:33,232
That's a good way of concealing the fact That
you're buying an awful lot of hydrogen peroxide.
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00:17:33,241 --> 00:17:37,392
I would describe sarwar
as the quartermaster.
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00:17:37,401 --> 00:17:41,399
He was the one who was purchasing
All the precursor chemicals.
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00:17:42,354 --> 00:17:45,312
By early August,
he had bought so much,
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00:17:45,321 --> 00:17:48,272
That he was observed dumping
a suitcase of excess chemicals
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00:17:48,281 --> 00:17:50,799
In woods by his parents'
house in high wycombe.
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00:17:55,394 --> 00:17:58,679
Now investigators began
to put the clues together.
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00:18:01,721 --> 00:18:07,839
They believed the plotters were developing
A new type of liquid explosive device.
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00:18:18,361 --> 00:18:22,592
Mi5 now judged the threat to
be so severe that they alerted
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00:18:22,601 --> 00:18:25,399
Their intelligence partners
across the atlantic.
336
00:18:25,474 --> 00:18:29,079
Michael chertoff was secretary Of
homeland security at the time.
338
00:18:30,841 --> 00:18:37,552
We typically had a Very close relationship with
the uk In intelligence and counter-terrorism.
341
00:18:37,561 --> 00:18:40,599
In fact, maybe closer than
with any other country.
342
00:18:42,034 --> 00:18:45,312
The scale of the developing
plot Stunned the americans,
344
00:18:45,321 --> 00:18:48,079
Including chief of
intelligence, charles allen.
345
00:18:50,194 --> 00:18:55,399
I recall very distinctly sitting in my office
At the department of homeland security.
347
00:18:55,474 --> 00:18:59,639
I received a call from the
head of mi5 and his deputy.
348
00:18:59,714 --> 00:19:05,312
They said they wanted to see me right away,
And then he laid out where this was headed.
350
00:19:05,321 --> 00:19:08,119
This was very serious indeed.
351
00:19:08,194 --> 00:19:12,119
Jose rodriguez was the cia's
Head of clandestine operations.
353
00:19:13,401 --> 00:19:21,679
This was a really serious plot That
could rival 9/11 on its scope,
355
00:19:22,601 --> 00:19:24,399
So I was very
concerned about it.
356
00:19:26,194 --> 00:19:29,639
The american and the british security
services Agreed to collaborate.
358
00:19:31,794 --> 00:19:37,879
Because the cia was deeply embedded within pakistan,
They took the lead monitoring rashid rauf,
360
00:19:37,954 --> 00:19:41,239
The plot's ringleader based
in the north of the country.
361
00:19:42,114 --> 00:19:44,839
One thing that perhaps The
americans have over the british
363
00:19:44,914 --> 00:19:52,199
Is their intelligence gathering abroad, So
while we had everything covered in the uk,
365
00:19:52,274 --> 00:19:57,632
It was very useful to be able to call
On the american expertise in pakistan.
367
00:20:01,234 --> 00:20:06,119
Then after the investigation Had
been live for almost a month,
369
00:20:06,194 --> 00:20:11,792
Video surveillance from the flat in walthamstow
Revealed the full extent of the plot.
371
00:20:11,801 --> 00:20:13,639
What are they doing?
372
00:20:13,714 --> 00:20:14,679
I don't know.
373
00:20:14,754 --> 00:20:15,719
Can you zoom in?
374
00:20:15,794 --> 00:20:16,919
Give it a go.
375
00:20:19,001 --> 00:20:24,592
Investigators watched as tanvir hussain
And abdulla ahmed ali began to drill
377
00:20:24,601 --> 00:20:28,439
Small holes in the
bottom of juice bottles.
378
00:20:28,514 --> 00:20:32,352
It slowly became
apparent what they were up to.
379
00:20:32,361 --> 00:20:37,599
They took a syringe, drained the liquid,
And then re-injected another liquid.
381
00:20:38,761 --> 00:20:40,919
The consequence of that was
if you looked at the bottle,
382
00:20:40,994 --> 00:20:43,399
It would look like an
unopened pristine bottle.
383
00:20:44,601 --> 00:20:51,639
The seal on top of the bottle wasn't broken, Which
meant this bottle or bottles were gonna form
385
00:20:51,714 --> 00:20:54,512
A major part of the device
that they were building.
386
00:20:56,354 --> 00:21:01,392
The surveillance video revealed the bottles Were
being filled with a homemade liquid explosive,
388
00:21:01,401 --> 00:21:02,919
Dyed with food coloring.
389
00:21:04,194 --> 00:21:08,399
The battery casings Were used
to conceal powerful detonators.
391
00:21:10,274 --> 00:21:15,319
The plotters were getting batteries, opening
them, Removing the inner bits of the batteries
393
00:21:15,394 --> 00:21:19,959
And essentially using the shell to
then Put explosive material inside.
395
00:21:20,034 --> 00:21:22,479
These were then placed
inside disposable cameras.
396
00:21:23,474 --> 00:21:29,639
The tang powder would act as an accelerant,
Making the mixture even more explosive.
398
00:21:29,714 --> 00:21:35,639
The terrorists had invented an entirely new
type of bomb Much more difficult to detect,
400
00:21:35,714 --> 00:21:40,752
And, potentially, a much greater threat
to life That other al-qaeda devices.
402
00:21:40,761 --> 00:21:43,399
We had never come
across a device like this.
403
00:21:43,474 --> 00:21:49,159
There was great ingenuity in the way
That this device had been designed.
405
00:21:49,234 --> 00:21:53,479
Investigators realized these small
And easily transportable bombs
407
00:21:53,554 --> 00:21:56,759
Were designed to be moved
in their constituent parts,
408
00:21:56,834 --> 00:22:00,272
Before being assembled
at the target location.
409
00:22:00,281 --> 00:22:02,672
This had a terrifying
implication.
410
00:22:02,681 --> 00:22:06,752
They immediately realized They were trying
to get past A high level of security,
413
00:22:06,761 --> 00:22:08,272
And usually when you think of
that high-level of security,
414
00:22:08,281 --> 00:22:13,552
You're either thinking a very secure
location Like, a ministry of defense,
416
00:22:13,561 --> 00:22:17,712
Or some sort of official building like
that, Or you're thinking aviation.
418
00:22:21,401 --> 00:22:26,839
They were designed to detonate In a
space where it could damage something,
420
00:22:26,914 --> 00:22:30,439
And the obvious one was
inside an aircraft fuselage.
421
00:22:30,514 --> 00:22:35,072
You'd create enough of an explosion To basically
punch a hole in the side of an aircraft.
423
00:22:35,081 --> 00:22:38,759
An aircraft, of course, which is up in at
high altitude In a pressurized environment,
425
00:22:38,834 --> 00:22:41,792
Which would have immediately
Essentially brought the aircraft down.
427
00:22:41,801 --> 00:22:43,312
It would have worked.
428
00:22:43,321 --> 00:22:44,759
It would have brought
down an airliner.
429
00:22:44,834 --> 00:22:46,799
There could have been
huge loss of life.
430
00:22:53,474 --> 00:22:57,679
Al-qaeda had weaponized planes
before, To deadly effect.
432
00:22:58,521 --> 00:23:05,312
The events of September 11, 2001, Weighed heavily
on the minds of the intelligence community.
434
00:23:06,841 --> 00:23:11,312
The white house had suffered
deeply Because of the 9/11 attack.
436
00:23:11,321 --> 00:23:13,199
Intelligence had
suffered deeply.
437
00:23:14,201 --> 00:23:16,919
That was very much in my mind.
438
00:23:16,994 --> 00:23:22,079
In fact, never again can we allow
This country to be attacked.
440
00:23:22,994 --> 00:23:28,119
We had received instructions From the president
saying, "do not let this happen again."
443
00:23:28,194 --> 00:23:30,999
So we were very concerned
about this whole thing,
444
00:23:31,874 --> 00:23:34,352
And we were not
gonna let it happen.
445
00:23:36,274 --> 00:23:41,639
Since 9/11, Airport security was tighter than
ever, Meaning no terrorist had successfully
448
00:23:41,714 --> 00:23:43,719
Targeted an aircraft.
449
00:23:43,794 --> 00:23:49,279
But this plot proved that it was still
possible, And that al-qaeda was undeterred.
451
00:23:50,441 --> 00:23:52,192
This was ingenious.
452
00:23:52,201 --> 00:23:54,672
It showed that al
- Qaeda had advanced.
453
00:23:54,681 --> 00:24:00,439
They were doing things that beyond What had
been done in the whole world of bomb making.
455
00:24:00,514 --> 00:24:05,479
This was a very, very deadly
way of doing business,
456
00:24:05,794 --> 00:24:07,359
With which we were not prepared.
457
00:24:10,681 --> 00:24:13,279
The british and american intelligence
services Were close allies.
459
00:24:14,354 --> 00:24:20,199
But now, with tensions heightening, Cracks
began to appear in the special relationship.
461
00:24:20,274 --> 00:24:22,759
The british wanted more time.
462
00:24:22,834 --> 00:24:27,559
They felt that they were
on top of the situation.
463
00:24:27,634 --> 00:24:30,319
They wanted to collect
additional evidence.
464
00:24:31,481 --> 00:24:36,112
In the uk, we're used to following terrorists,
Unfortunately, because of the ira.
466
00:24:36,121 --> 00:24:39,312
So for decades now we've been
used to holding our nerves,
467
00:24:39,321 --> 00:24:43,559
And trying to get the terrorists
as close to the moment
468
00:24:43,634 --> 00:24:45,952
That they're going to commit
their crimes as possible.
469
00:24:45,961 --> 00:24:51,872
There was disquiet between our approach And
the approach by the americans in pakistan.
471
00:24:51,881 --> 00:24:55,712
The americans took, And always
do take a different view,
473
00:24:55,721 --> 00:25:02,479
And they will spoil the plot, disrupt it, And
deal with what they've got there and then.
475
00:25:03,874 --> 00:25:08,592
We had great confidence In the
british security services.
477
00:25:08,601 --> 00:25:13,152
But we were nervous that there were
Other things that could occur untold,
479
00:25:13,161 --> 00:25:17,952
That someone had been missed, Or an element
of the plot had been missed by the british.
481
00:25:17,961 --> 00:25:23,079
We needed to be sure That we didn't allow things
to go on So long that someone would actually
484
00:25:23,154 --> 00:25:26,592
Put a device on a
plane and blow it up.
485
00:25:29,161 --> 00:25:32,272
The british intelligence
services won the argument.
486
00:25:32,281 --> 00:25:36,919
But they knew that if they'd made the wrong
call, The consequences would be catastrophic.
488
00:25:39,161 --> 00:25:46,279
By early August, 24 people were under Round-the-clock
surveillance, Most of them in east london.
491
00:25:48,201 --> 00:25:53,399
800 surveillance agents were needed on
the ground To monitor all the suspects.
493
00:25:55,561 --> 00:26:00,039
This was now the largest surveillance
operation Ever undertaken in the uk.
495
00:26:01,074 --> 00:26:06,119
"operation overt" at its biggest involved
Every surveillance team in the country
497
00:26:06,194 --> 00:26:07,799
Including northern ireland.
498
00:26:07,874 --> 00:26:09,439
We were running out of teams.
499
00:26:10,594 --> 00:26:17,312
What we needed was to know what the targets
were And who the individuals who were going to
501
00:26:17,321 --> 00:26:19,319
Attack those targets
were going to be.
502
00:26:20,514 --> 00:26:24,599
No stone was left unturned At
that stage of the investigation.
504
00:26:26,194 --> 00:26:31,632
Then microphones in the walthamstow flat Picked
up a recording that made the team realize
506
00:26:31,641 --> 00:26:34,439
The plot was of a greater
magnitude than they'd feared.
507
00:26:35,721 --> 00:26:36,919
We got six people, in it.
508
00:26:36,994 --> 00:26:39,639
Me, omar b, ibo,
aro, and waheed.
509
00:26:39,714 --> 00:26:42,279
There's another three units,
There's another three dudes.
511
00:26:42,354 --> 00:26:44,119
There's
another three more, yeah?
512
00:26:44,194 --> 00:26:48,119
That a seven, eight,
nine, 10, 11, 12, 13.
513
00:26:49,241 --> 00:26:50,039
That's 15.
514
00:26:50,994 --> 00:26:51,999
No wait 18!
515
00:26:53,474 --> 00:26:56,399
Think of it, yeah,
that's one more man.
516
00:26:58,681 --> 00:27:03,632
To the listening intelligence operatives,
It sounded like there would be 19 bombers.
518
00:27:03,641 --> 00:27:05,759
The number had a significance.
519
00:27:07,241 --> 00:27:11,039
It was same number of
hijackers responsible for 9/11.
520
00:27:13,721 --> 00:27:16,199
It looked like the british
bomb plotters were trying
521
00:27:16,274 --> 00:27:19,719
To emulate the biggest
terrorist attack in history.
522
00:27:27,714 --> 00:27:32,992
British security services had eyes And
ears on a major al-qaeda terrorist cell
524
00:27:33,001 --> 00:27:38,759
Planning to blow up u.S. Bound passenger
planes Using liquid bombs assembled onboard.
526
00:27:42,434 --> 00:27:47,079
British intelligence officers Were in close
contact with their u.S. Counterparts,
528
00:27:47,154 --> 00:27:50,119
But there was disagreement
on when and how to move in.
529
00:27:52,441 --> 00:27:56,272
Now investigators had picked up
evidence That the cell's ringleader,
531
00:27:56,281 --> 00:27:59,199
Abdulla ahmed ali,
was getting nervous.
532
00:28:00,521 --> 00:28:05,712
Writing to rashid rauf, The plot's
al-qaeda orchestrator in pakistan,
534
00:28:05,721 --> 00:28:08,319
Ali admits to being
worried he was followed.
535
00:28:09,641 --> 00:28:12,599
But there was one crucial thing
The conspirators didn't know.
537
00:28:12,674 --> 00:28:15,072
Just how closely they
were being watched.
538
00:28:16,114 --> 00:28:20,479
Despite his concerns, Ali took the
critical decision to go ahead.
540
00:28:23,314 --> 00:28:29,919
They decide to press on with it Regardless
of the risk of surveillance being in place.
542
00:28:31,561 --> 00:28:34,079
Truth was we were all over
them like a cheap suit.
543
00:28:34,921 --> 00:28:40,752
Then on August 6th came the information For
which surveillance team had long been waiting:
545
00:28:40,761 --> 00:28:43,279
The specifics of
the intended attack.
546
00:28:44,194 --> 00:28:47,919
Ali was followed by an mi5
agent to an internet cafe.
547
00:28:50,354 --> 00:28:56,679
She was able to get onto a computer quite
close to him To work out that he was looking
549
00:28:56,754 --> 00:28:58,879
At aircraft times
and departures.
550
00:29:00,281 --> 00:29:03,559
Ali was researching A number
of transatlantic flights,
552
00:29:03,634 --> 00:29:07,312
Departing heathrow within
a two and half hour window.
553
00:29:07,321 --> 00:29:11,479
All these flights would be
Departing heathrow on a given day,
555
00:29:12,354 --> 00:29:20,592
Late in the afternoon between 4:00 and 7:00 p.M.,
And would be flying over the north atlantic
557
00:29:20,601 --> 00:29:24,399
And would be blown up
simultaneously as they flew.
558
00:29:27,474 --> 00:29:34,279
The timing was critical, Coordinated for
maximum impact and maximum loss of life.
560
00:29:34,354 --> 00:29:40,759
They were intending to wait until the planes
Were sufficiently far away from the uk.
562
00:29:40,834 --> 00:29:44,599
That if one bomb went off And the
other planes wanted to turn around,
564
00:29:44,674 --> 00:29:47,399
They would not have enough
time to get back to safety.
565
00:29:47,474 --> 00:29:54,599
This looked like a plot, potentially, With
a loss of life of up to 2,000 people.
567
00:29:54,674 --> 00:29:57,399
A huge horrible,
horrendous, murderous plot
568
00:29:57,474 --> 00:30:01,319
That could have created great
damage to the united states.
569
00:30:01,394 --> 00:30:03,799
It was really very scary indeed.
570
00:30:05,554 --> 00:30:09,799
This was now the most significant
Terrorist conspiracy since 9/11,
572
00:30:09,874 --> 00:30:13,879
Designed to instill panic
in both the uk and the u.S.
573
00:30:18,281 --> 00:30:22,832
The specifics of the attack Revealed
the uk was to be used as a launchpad
575
00:30:22,841 --> 00:30:24,599
For a direct attack on america.
576
00:30:25,554 --> 00:30:28,399
For those in washington,
This was a game changer.
578
00:30:30,354 --> 00:30:35,152
Once we knew they were focused On aircraft
going to the u.S., it became our problem.
580
00:30:35,161 --> 00:30:39,879
I mean until then we thought It was a
serious issue for the uk government,
582
00:30:39,954 --> 00:30:44,112
But then it became our jurisdiction
When we became the target.
584
00:30:44,121 --> 00:30:47,792
For me, that's when I
said, "okay, this is imminent."
585
00:30:47,801 --> 00:30:51,079
We knew who the principles were.
586
00:30:51,154 --> 00:30:53,799
We knew who the
suicide bombers were.
587
00:30:53,874 --> 00:30:59,152
We knew how were they gonna do this, And we
knew what flights they were going to blow up.
589
00:30:59,161 --> 00:31:01,159
The only thing that we
didn't know was when.
590
00:31:03,641 --> 00:31:07,479
The suspected terrorists Were
moving towards the action phase.
592
00:31:07,554 --> 00:31:12,759
With an attack potentially just weeks away,
From his base in pakistan, rashid rauf
594
00:31:12,834 --> 00:31:15,359
Was training the plotters
in counter-surveillance.
595
00:31:17,561 --> 00:31:23,152
He was the guiding hand for them For issues
like make sure everything's in code.
597
00:31:23,161 --> 00:31:24,912
Make sure you're not followed.
598
00:31:24,921 --> 00:31:27,599
Make sure you dump everything
far away from the house.
599
00:31:29,001 --> 00:31:34,599
Rauf knew that the terrorists would have To
make it through post 9/11 airport security.
601
00:31:34,674 --> 00:31:38,399
So he ordered them to ditch their old
passports And apply for new ones.
603
00:31:41,721 --> 00:31:49,872
They had stamps entering and leaving pakistan,
And that may put them under more scrutiny.
605
00:31:49,881 --> 00:31:54,119
Clean passports would have no visa
stamps, No enter and exit information.
607
00:31:54,194 --> 00:31:58,199
This clearly showed that the plotters
Had been trained in counter espionage,
609
00:31:59,954 --> 00:32:05,719
Then in early August, surveillance operatives
Monitored a chilling conversation.
611
00:32:05,794 --> 00:32:11,959
The terrorists knew that a pakistani male travelling
alone Could raise suspicions at an airport.
613
00:32:12,034 --> 00:32:14,519
But that a family would not.
614
00:32:14,594 --> 00:32:16,799
Would your wife consider going
with you On the operation?
616
00:32:18,281 --> 00:32:21,799
I think if I was to say to her That
this was a significant operation
618
00:32:21,874 --> 00:32:24,079
She might even find it
in herself to do that.
619
00:32:25,961 --> 00:32:27,712
What about the babies?
620
00:32:27,721 --> 00:32:30,192
Maybe she could
take them with her?
621
00:32:30,201 --> 00:32:32,512
Maybe, you know what I mean.
622
00:32:32,521 --> 00:32:34,159
She'd like to do it though.
623
00:32:35,001 --> 00:32:40,672
This meant you had a cell, Who was not only building
a device That was gonna penetrate security,
626
00:32:40,681 --> 00:32:43,392
But was now talking in
terms of launching an attack
627
00:32:43,401 --> 00:32:47,952
And really with this sort of callous disregard
For not only the lives of the innocent people
629
00:32:47,961 --> 00:32:51,472
That they were gonna murder,
but also their own families.
630
00:32:51,481 --> 00:32:56,599
It's absolutely a devastating thought
That they would do such a thing,
632
00:32:56,674 --> 00:33:02,039
But, clearly, it would take them that extra
step, Give them that extra layer of protection.
634
00:33:03,634 --> 00:33:09,199
Just two days later, Surveillance microphones
picked up Snatches of another ominous conversation.
637
00:33:10,194 --> 00:33:11,872
Relax.
638
00:33:11,881 --> 00:33:14,512
Speak normal english when
you mention allah do that.
639
00:33:14,521 --> 00:33:16,999
Give a bit of aggression,
yeah, a bit loudly.
640
00:33:18,681 --> 00:33:20,199
Could we rewind that, please?
641
00:33:22,594 --> 00:33:24,199
It became clear.
642
00:33:24,274 --> 00:33:28,479
Ali was directing the london plotters'
performances In their suicide videos.
644
00:33:30,994 --> 00:33:34,519
Stop supporting our
puppets and helping our enemies.
645
00:33:36,194 --> 00:33:40,399
If you do this, we
will leave you alone.
646
00:33:41,634 --> 00:33:47,039
This was incontrovertible proof That the
operation had entered its final stage.
648
00:33:51,634 --> 00:33:55,239
That told us they were In the
final stages of preparation.
650
00:33:55,314 --> 00:34:01,552
That increased the intensity of our focus On
making sure that we were ready to take this down
652
00:34:01,561 --> 00:34:03,959
At the earliest
possible opportunity.
653
00:34:06,354 --> 00:34:11,799
Intelligence services Both sides of the atlantic
Agreed a potential attack was now imminent.
656
00:34:12,681 --> 00:34:18,239
But in london, the metropolitan police
And mi5 still wanted to hold off.
658
00:34:20,201 --> 00:34:27,639
It was the approach by the senior members Of
the counter terrorism command at the time
660
00:34:27,714 --> 00:34:32,079
That we let them run until we
have absolutely everything.
661
00:34:34,194 --> 00:34:39,799
What the british didn't know Is that
individuals within the cia had decided to act.
663
00:34:41,401 --> 00:34:46,752
On August 8th, jose rodriguez, Director
of the cia's clandestine service,
665
00:34:46,761 --> 00:34:50,039
Was already in
place in pakistan.
666
00:34:50,114 --> 00:34:52,359
I just happened
to be on the scene.
667
00:34:52,434 --> 00:34:53,872
The head of the service.
668
00:34:53,881 --> 00:34:55,319
Me, on the scene.
669
00:34:56,434 --> 00:35:01,952
The cia worked closely with the isi,
Pakistan's powerful intelligence service.
671
00:35:01,961 --> 00:35:05,919
They informed rodriguez That they
knew of rashid rauf whereabouts.
673
00:35:07,314 --> 00:35:14,599
We were possibly gonna be able to capture him That
very evening as he traveled in the tribal area
675
00:35:14,674 --> 00:35:17,719
From point a to
point b in a bus.
676
00:35:19,154 --> 00:35:21,559
Rodriguez faced a dilemma.
677
00:35:21,634 --> 00:35:26,119
He knew that if they arrested rauf, The british
authorities would have to move to apprehend
679
00:35:26,194 --> 00:35:28,439
The plotters in
london, immediately.
680
00:35:30,034 --> 00:35:35,639
We had agreed with the british
authorities To give them more time.
682
00:35:35,714 --> 00:35:43,152
We had within our grasp a terrorist
That was planning to blow up airplanes
684
00:35:43,161 --> 00:35:50,832
That could have killed thousands of innocent
people, And I felt that we had a responsibility
686
00:35:50,841 --> 00:35:52,039
To protect these people.
687
00:35:54,354 --> 00:35:58,479
So I said, "yes, let's
just go ahead and do this."
688
00:36:00,434 --> 00:36:06,359
Pakistan's isi agents stormed the
bus, And seized rashid rauf.
690
00:36:06,434 --> 00:36:08,679
And after that,
all hell broke loose.
691
00:36:11,081 --> 00:36:15,399
It was quite clear that We didn't
want rauf arrested when he was,
693
00:36:15,474 --> 00:36:18,359
But the americans decided
to go ahead anyway.
694
00:36:18,434 --> 00:36:24,432
I would say that the senior management Of the
counter terrorism command were very concerned
696
00:36:24,441 --> 00:36:27,999
With the actions that the
american authorities took.
697
00:36:29,321 --> 00:36:31,079
Was that diplomatic enough?
698
00:36:31,961 --> 00:36:37,959
As soon as the plotters got news That rauf had
been arrested, The risk was they would flee.
701
00:36:38,034 --> 00:36:42,799
It was now a race against time To round
them up before they detonated their bombs.
703
00:36:44,994 --> 00:36:47,799
For the met police and
mi5 it was time to move.
704
00:36:53,241 --> 00:36:57,632
In london, Mi5 and the metropolitan
police moved immediately
706
00:36:57,641 --> 00:37:03,799
To arrest al-qaeda ringleader, rashid rauf's
24 suspected co - Conspirators in the uk.
708
00:37:06,361 --> 00:37:09,239
To suddenly have to Abruptly
wrap this whole thing up
710
00:37:09,314 --> 00:37:14,272
In such short time was certainly not the way
That they wanted the operation to roll out.
712
00:37:14,281 --> 00:37:18,919
There was a sense of Tension
in the air at scotland yard.
714
00:37:18,994 --> 00:37:22,592
No one really had to come in
because no one had gone home.
715
00:37:22,601 --> 00:37:23,639
Everyone was there.
716
00:37:23,714 --> 00:37:24,752
Everyone was at their desk.
717
00:37:24,761 --> 00:37:25,999
Everyone was working.
718
00:37:28,194 --> 00:37:31,479
This was now a critical
national emergency.
719
00:37:32,994 --> 00:37:35,239
Within three hours,
an additional 300
720
00:37:35,314 --> 00:37:38,599
Specially-trained were
drafted for the arrest phase.
721
00:37:42,914 --> 00:37:45,559
You saw this massive operation
Suddenly click into action
723
00:37:45,634 --> 00:37:51,152
With the police and with security services
To go and wrap up this really large cell.
725
00:37:51,161 --> 00:37:55,072
There was a mad rush to
get arrest teams in place.
726
00:37:55,081 --> 00:38:01,719
We had to do what we do best very, very
quickly, And that's just adapt to the situation
728
00:38:01,794 --> 00:38:03,472
And that's what happened.
729
00:38:03,481 --> 00:38:08,359
As the arrest teams took their positions,
The surveillance unit tracking assad sarwar
731
00:38:08,434 --> 00:38:12,119
Reported he was heading from
high wycombe toward london.
732
00:38:12,194 --> 00:38:14,359
Blue team not too close.
733
00:38:14,434 --> 00:38:19,319
At the same time, the ringleader, Abdulla
ahmed ali, was also being tracked.
735
00:38:20,441 --> 00:38:22,839
All right, lion
roar is on the move.
736
00:38:24,041 --> 00:38:29,239
There were surveillance teams on everyone,
But on, particularly, on sarwar and ali.
738
00:38:29,314 --> 00:38:31,919
Sarwar was travelling
from high wycombe.
739
00:38:32,921 --> 00:38:36,479
Rich food is turning
east toward walthamstow.
740
00:38:39,721 --> 00:38:44,879
As sarwar approached the city, Ali was
followed to a car park in walthamstow.
742
00:38:47,321 --> 00:38:51,559
It became clear to the surveillance team
The two men were going to meet each other.
744
00:38:54,274 --> 00:38:58,439
The ringleader was to meet the quartermaster,
A clear sign that the bomb plotters
746
00:38:58,514 --> 00:39:00,639
Were about to move into
their attack phase.
747
00:39:02,034 --> 00:39:06,999
The surveillance team believed ali and sarwar
Could be about to exchange the explosive devices.
749
00:39:10,034 --> 00:39:13,312
They are the two most
important in this plot.
750
00:39:13,321 --> 00:39:17,399
So the decision was taken To allow
the surveillance team to move in.
752
00:39:17,474 --> 00:39:18,679
Go all teams, go all teams.
753
00:39:18,754 --> 00:39:20,679
All teams go, all teams go.
754
00:39:23,721 --> 00:39:25,392
- Hey, stop!
- Hey, don't move!
755
00:39:25,401 --> 00:39:27,472
- Do not move!
- You're under arrest!
756
00:39:27,481 --> 00:39:31,199
We had to get them into custody,
And that was our main aim.
758
00:39:33,554 --> 00:39:37,552
When investigators searched the vehicle,
They found a usb stick containing
760
00:39:37,561 --> 00:39:39,879
Flight details and
suicide videos.
761
00:39:43,154 --> 00:39:48,832
Possibly the most important bit of evidence That
we found throughout the whole investigation
763
00:39:48,841 --> 00:39:51,472
Was in his pocket at
the time of arrest.
764
00:39:54,274 --> 00:39:59,519
With the two main conspirators now in custody,
The race was on to round up the others.
766
00:40:02,514 --> 00:40:06,759
Through the night, 46 properties across
london And the southeast were raided,
768
00:40:08,281 --> 00:40:10,912
With a further 22
people arrested.
769
00:40:12,521 --> 00:40:19,472
We had 24 suspects and that evening, We managed
to get hold of them, Take them all into custody,
772
00:40:19,481 --> 00:40:21,999
And make sure there
were no stragglers.
773
00:40:23,474 --> 00:40:27,079
Every suspect the police had
been watching Was accounted for.
775
00:40:30,194 --> 00:40:35,639
The next morning, britain woke up to news
That a major terrorist plot had been foiled.
777
00:40:37,001 --> 00:40:40,759
There were plans for as many as nine
aircraft Flying from the united kingdom
779
00:40:40,834 --> 00:40:45,319
To the united states of america to be attacked,
Possibly by some form of liquid explosive.
781
00:40:47,241 --> 00:40:49,439
Another 9/11 had been averted,
782
00:40:50,754 --> 00:40:52,919
Thousands of lives
had been saved.
783
00:40:54,761 --> 00:40:59,399
But authorities were concerned That knowledge
of how to build these liquid bombs
785
00:40:59,474 --> 00:41:02,839
Could already have spread
through the al-qaeda network.
786
00:41:13,321 --> 00:41:20,352
So governments around the world reacted
immediately To ban all liquids on all flights.
788
00:41:20,361 --> 00:41:23,472
The plot was basically over.
789
00:41:23,481 --> 00:41:25,479
The threat was over.
790
00:41:25,554 --> 00:41:27,879
Now, what remained
was total confusion.
791
00:41:29,401 --> 00:41:34,279
From one moment to the next, Airports
were thrown into total and utter chaos.
793
00:41:36,281 --> 00:41:41,552
We spent a lot of time putting together
a plan So that when an arrest was made,
795
00:41:41,561 --> 00:41:46,999
We could immediately shut down The ability
to bring any liquid on the plane.
797
00:41:48,441 --> 00:41:50,719
Air travel
would never be the same.
798
00:41:53,314 --> 00:41:58,039
Of the 24 suspects arrested, Eight were
initially tried for terrorism offenses
800
00:41:58,114 --> 00:41:59,439
In connection with the plot.
801
00:42:02,601 --> 00:42:08,639
Abdulla ahmed ali was sentenced to life in
prison, With a minimum term of 40 years.
803
00:42:10,514 --> 00:42:16,639
Assad sarwar and tanvir hussain Were
sentenced to 36 and 32 years respectively.
805
00:42:18,361 --> 00:42:22,879
In 2007, rashid rauf
escaped from police custody.
806
00:42:26,281 --> 00:42:31,159
In 2008, he was killed in
a drone strike in pakistan.
807
00:42:32,994 --> 00:42:36,272
Today, our police and security
services remain engaged
808
00:42:36,281 --> 00:42:40,679
In a hidden battle to preempt
devastating terrorist attacks.
809
00:42:41,561 --> 00:42:47,632
I would say this is a beacon of excellence For
how surveillance operations should be run.
811
00:42:47,641 --> 00:42:52,272
This operation was a huge success For
the british and for us back home.
813
00:42:52,281 --> 00:42:54,759
Our security forces
were incredibly successful
814
00:42:54,834 --> 00:42:58,279
In preventing a massive
atrocity from taking place.
815
00:42:58,354 --> 00:43:03,399
It's really actually a real notable
moment In counter-terrorism.
817
00:43:05,641 --> 00:43:06,519
Twelve years on,
818
00:43:07,954 --> 00:43:13,472
This investigation is held up As one of the
great operations in intelligence gathering,
820
00:43:13,481 --> 00:43:17,079
And a crucial success in
the fight against extremism.
53094
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