All language subtitles for Earth Odyssey With Dylan Dreyer S07E05 1080p WEB h264-DiRT_track3_[eng]

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NARRATOR: WHEN YOU SEE THIS
SYMBOL, YOU KNOW YOU’RE WATCHING

TELEVISION THAT IS EDUCATIONAL
AND INFORMATIONAL.

THE MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: HI, EVERYONE, I'M DYLAN
DREYER.

GRAB YOUR COAT, BECAUSE TODAY,
WE'LL SEE HOW ANIMALS ADAPT IN

THE WILDEST OF WINTERS.

THIS IS "EARTH ODYSSEY".

TODAY, WE'LL HEAD TO EXTREMELY
COLD HABITATS TO FIND OUT HOW

ANIMALS ADAPT IN THE WILDEST OF
WINTERS, INCLUDING THIS MOUNTAIN

DWELLER DOING HIS BEST TO HIDE
IN PLAIN SIGHT.

AND THIS CUTE CUB IS OUT OF
HIBERNATION AND LOOKING FOR MORE

THAN THE "BEAR" NECESSITIES.

PLUS, SOMETIMES THE ONLY
SOLUTION TO SHIVERING IS A LONG

FLIGHT SOUTH FOR THE WINTER.

BUT FIRST, BIOLOGY ISN'T
EVERYTHING IN THE ANTARCTIC, HOW

ONE SPECIES DETERMINES ITS FATE
WITH BEHAVIOR THAT LOOKS A LOT

LIKE LOVE.

THIS AND MUCH MORE RIGHT NOW ON
"EARTH ODYSSEY".

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: THE EARTH'S CLIMATE CAN
RANGE FROM DOWNRIGHT SWELTERING

TO UNBEARABLY FRIGID.

EACH YEAR, AS TEMPERATURES,
SEASONS, AND FOOD SUPPLIES

CHANGE, ANIMALS ADAPT IN
ASTONISHING WAYS.

SOME HIBERNATE; SOME MIGRATE,
BUT OTHER ANIMALS SURVIVE AND

THRIVE IN UNIMAGINABLY TOUGH
CONDITIONS.

WE BEGIN WITH THE STORY OF ONE
SPECIES' INCREDIBLE SOCIAL

SOLUTION TO LIFE IN THE COLDEST
PLACE ON EARTH.

ANTARCTICA IS AN EXTREME WORLD.

GUSTS CAN EXCEED
185 MILES PER HOUR,

AND TEMPERATURES CAN DROP
MORE THAN 70 DEGREES BELOW ZERO.

FEW CAN SURVIVE SUCH CONDITIONS,
BUT THERE'S ONE RESIDENT

THAT BATTLES THE ANTARCTIC
WINTER IN A BID TO BRING NEW

LIFE INTO THE WORLD...

...THE EMPEROR PENGUIN.

THE LARGEST OF THE WORLD'S
PENGUIN SPECIES, THE EMPEROR

PENGUIN STANDS ALMOST FOUR FEET
TALL AND CAN WEIGH UP TO 90

POUNDS.

THESE BIRDS DON'T FLY.

THEY SPEND MOST OF THEIR LIVES
AT SEA HUNTING FOR FOOD, BUT IN

WINTER, WHEN TEMPERATURES
PLUMMET AND THE SEA ICE PLATFORM

GROWS THICK ENOUGH, EMPEROR
PENGUINS LEAVE THE SEA AND MARCH

TO OLD BREEDING GROUNDS.

THEY'LL TREK UP TO 75 MILES TO
GET TO THE PERFECT FAMILIAR

SPOT.

A CHORUS OF NOISY COURTSHIP
ERUPTS AS PAST PARENTING

PARTNERS REUNITE.

THEY RECOGNIZE EACH OTHER BY
THEIR UNIQUE CALLS.

AROUND A MONTH LATER, EACH
FEMALE LAYS A SINGLE EGG.

SHE PASSES IT TO HER MATE, ALONG
WITH A HEAVY RESPONSIBILITY.

THERE IS NOTHING ORGANIC ON THE
ICE PACK TO BUILD A WARM

WINTER'S NEST WITH, SO HE
CARRIES THE EGG ON TOP OF HIS

FEET, COVERING IT WITH A THICK
LAYER OF SKIN AND FEATHERS ON

HIS BELLY CALLED A BROOD POUCH.

HIS TASK IS TO KEEP THE EGG AND
THE NESTLING INSIDE SAFE AND

WARM WHILE HIS MATE JOURNEYS FOR
FOOD.

IT WILL BE A TEST OF FATHERLY
ENDURANCE.

THEY STAND TOGETHER AND TURN
THEIR BACKS, CREATING A CIRCLE

OF HEAT.

CONSTANTLY MOVING, THEY TAKE
TURNS SHIELDING THE OTHER

PENGUINS FROM THE ONSLAUGHT OF
STINGING ICE.

TOGETHER, THE EMPEROR PENGUINS
BATTLE THE WEATHER FOR WEEKS ON

END, WAITING FOR THE FEMALES TO
RETURN TO THE BREEDING COLONY.

AFTER 65 DAYS, THE EGGS BEGIN TO
HATCH.

BY THIS TIME, SOME MALES HAVE
ENDURED FOUR MONTHS WITHOUT A

MEAL.

THEY'VE LOST HALF THEIR BODY
WEIGHT, AND THE NEWBORN CHICKS

NEED TO EAT.

THE FEMALES ARE FINALLY ON THEIR
WAY HOME WITH A BELLY FULL OF

FOOD FOR THE YOUNG, NOT A MOMENT
TOO SOON.

EVEN THOUGH HE IS STARVING, THE
FATHER IS RELUCTANT TO HAND OVER

THE BABY CHICK.

HE HAS FACED SO MUCH TO PROTECT
HIS PRECIOUS CARGO.

BUT NOW IT'S HIS TURN TO LEAVE
THE COLONY AND FIND SEAFOOD FOR

HIMSELF AND THE GROWING CHICKS.

IT WILL TAKE THE CHICKS ANOTHER
50 DAYS TO GROW ENOUGH FAT AND

FEATHERS TO SWIM AND FEED ON
THEIR OWN.

UNTIL THEN, THEY'RE ETERNALLY
PATIENT PENGUIN PARENTS WILL

CONTINUE TO GIVE THEM SHELTER
FROM THE STORMS OF EASTERN

ANTARCTICA.

COMING UP, HIS SNOW WHITE COAT
IS THE PERFECT CAMOUFLAGE, BUT

ONLY IF HE CAN STAY PERFECTLY
STILL.

AND THEY'RE A FLOCK WHEN THEY
FLY, BUT A GAGGLE ON THE GROUND.

WE GET INTO THE HEART OF THIS
GREGARIOUS GROUP.

PLUS, HIBERNATION IS MUCH MORE
THAN A LONG WINTER'S NAP.

JUST ASK THIS NEW ARRIVAL WHEN
"EARTH ODYSSEY" CONTINUES.

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NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO
THE MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: FOR MORE THAN 700 MILES,
THE EUROPEAN ALPS FORM A

CONTINUOUS CHAIN OF PEAK AND
CHASMS.

TEMPERATURE FLUCTUATIONS CAN
EXCEED 140 DEGREES FAHRENHEIT

BETWEEN SUN AND SHADE.

TO SURVIVE IN SUCH A DEMANDING
ENVIRONMENT, ANIMALS HAVE

EVOLVED IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PERFORMANCE OF THEIR BLOOD,

LUNGS, AND HEART.

IN WINTER, AT HIGH ALTITUDES,
THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AN

ANIMAL'S BODY TEMPERATURE AND
THE OUTSIDE TEMPERATURE CAN BE

MORE THAN 160 DEGREES
FAHRENHEIT.

THE THICK FUR OF THE IBEX, AN
ICONIC WILD GOAT, CHANGES WITH

THE SEASONS AND THE TEMPERATURE.

BY RAISING AND LOWERING THE
HAIRS OF ITS FUR COAT, THE

ANIMAL VARIES THE AMOUNT OF
TRAPPED AIR IT CONTAINS,

EFFECTIVELY REGULATING THE HEAT
THAT ESCAPES TO THE OUTSIDE.

IN THE LONG MONTHS WHEN FOOD
SOURCES ARE BOTH RARE AND ALSO

HAVE LITTLE NUTRITIONAL VALUE,
ANYTHING THAT ALLOWS THE SAVING

OF HEAT CAN PROVE TO BE VITAL.

EVEN FOXES LIVING AT HIGH
ALTITUDES HAVE A MUCH THICKER

COAT.

A EUROPEAN RED FOX CAN SIT FOR
HOURS PROTECTED FROM THE COLD.

HE CAN SURVIVE TEMPERATURES AS
LOW AS MINUS FIVE DEGREES

FAHRENHEIT, BUT TO DO THAT,
HE'LL HAVE TO HIDE HIS FACE, THE

PART LEAST WELL-COVERED, BENEATH
HIS TAIL.

IT MUST SAVE ENERGY FOR A STYLE
OF HUNTING THAT IS HIGHLY

DEMANDING, WANDERING
CONTINUOUSLY IN SEARCH OF

SOMETHING TO PUT IN ITS MOUTH.

DRIVEN BY HUNGER, HE IS
CAUTIOUS, BUT ALWAYS CURIOUS.

THIS VOLE HAS DOZENS OF HIDING
PLACES AND ESCAPE ROUTES UNDER

THE SNOW.

THE RED FOX'S HEARING IS SHARP
ENOUGH TO HEAR THE RODENTS

BURROWING UNDERGROUND, BUT NOT
TODAY.

DISAPPOINTMENTS ARE NOT UNUSUAL
IN THE SCARCITY OF WINTER.

BUT IT'S NOT ENOUGH FOR AN
ANIMAL JUST TO GROW A THICKER

COAT WHEN IT SNOWS.

A CHANGE OF SEASON BRINGS A
TRANSFORMATION IN THE

ENVIRONMENT SO DRAMATIC, THAT
ONE INHABITANT OF HIGH ALTITUDES

NEEDS TO ALTER ITS PHYSICAL
APPEARANCE BY CHANGING COLOR.

THE ALPINE HARE MORPHS FROM
SUMMER GRAY TO WINTER WHITE.

ONLY THE TIPS OF ITS EARS REMAIN
BLACK.

IN HIS WINTER WHITE COAT, THE
HARE BECOMES LESS VISIBLE TO

PREDATORS, BUT EVEN MORE
IMPORTANTLY, IT IS BETTER

INSULATED.

EACH INDIVIDUAL WHITE HAIR ON
ITS FUR COAT HAS MICROSCOPIC

SPACES FILLED WITH AIR ACTING AS
INSULATION.

THIS EXTRA WARMTH REALLY HELPS
AT DUSK, THE ANIMAL'S MOST

ACTIVE PERIOD.

THE COLD AT NIGHT BECOMES MORE
PENETRATING.

THICK FUR ON HIS FEET FUNCTIONS
LIKE SNOWSHOES TO KEEP THE HARE

MOVING ON TOP OF THE DEEP SNOW.

THE SURVIVAL OF THIS ALPINE
ANIMAL DEPENDS ON THE PROTECTION

OFFERED BY A COAT THAT MUST BE
KEPT PERFECTLY GROOMED, EVEN

DOWN TO REMOVING TINY BALLS OF
SNOW THAT REMAIN ATTACHED.

WHEN DAY BREAKS, THE HARE MUST
REDOUBLE ITS ATTENTION.

EVEN THOUGH HE'S CAMOUFLAGED IN
WHITE AND HIGHLY ALERT, THE

SLIGHTEST OF MOVEMENTS CAN BE
SPOTTED BY THE MOST EFFICIENT

PREDATOR IN THIS ENVIRONMENT...

...THE GOLDEN EAGLE.

UNLIKE RABBITS, HARES LIVE
ENTIRELY ABOVE GROUND WITHOUT A

BURROW FOR PROTECTION.

BUT TODAY IS THIS HARE'S LUCKY
DAY.

HE'LL KEEP HIS PLACE HIGH IN THE
ALPS WAITING FOR THE WARMTH OF

SPRING.

COMING UP, WHEN THE GOING GETS
TOUGH, THE TOUGH GET GOING.

COME ALONG ON AN EPIC WINTER
MIGRATION.

PLUS, MEET AN ELUSIVE MOUNTAIN
MAMA AND HER NEW CUB.

FIND OUT HOW THEY MAKE IT
THROUGH WINTER IN THE WORLD'S

TALLEST MOUNTAINS WHEN "EARTH
ODYSSEY" COMES RIGHT BACK.

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NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO
THE MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: FOR CREATURES WHO LIVE
THEIR LIFE ON THE WING, THE

GALES OF WINTER BRING UNIQUE
CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES.

UNLIKE MANY SPECIES, BIRDS ARE
NATURAL ESCAPE ARTISTS, AND

OFTEN, THOSE WHO CAN MIGRATE,
DO.

BUT FOR SOME, THAT CAN MEAN A
HARROWING JOURNEY OF THOUSANDS

OF MILES OR MORE.

WHEN WINTER COMES TO THE
MOUNTAINS, BIRDS FACE HARDSHIPS

LIKE ANY OTHER ANIMAL.

BUT ONE LARGER NORTHERN EUROPEAN
BIRD SPECIES PREFERS TO LEAVE

THE HUNGER-INDUCING HARDSHIPS OF
WINTER BEHIND.

IT'S FAMOUS FOR ITS LONG WINTER
MIGRATION AND ODERLY PATTERNS IN

FLIGHT.

WILD GEESE FLY SOUTH TO COASTAL
ITALY FOR THE WINTER FROM AS FAR

NORTH AS THE ARCTIC CIRCLE.

THEIR V-SHAPED FORMATIONS HELP
CONSERVE ENERGY.

THE POSITION OF FRONT GOOSE
ROTATES BETWEEN ALL MEMBERS OF

THE FLOCK, SO NO BIRD GETS TOO
TIRED.

IT'S A DEAFENING CHORUS OF
THOUSANDS.

MORE THAN 5,000 INDIVIDUALS
GATHER IN THIS PROTECTED COASTAL

PARK EVERY WINTER.

DURING THE DAY, THEY TRAVEL TO
NEARBY FARMS OF WHEAT FIELDS TO

FEED ON THE CHUTES.

AS A GREGARIOUS ANIMAL, THE WILD
GOOSE CAN RELY ON AN EFFECTIVE

SURVEILLANCE SERVICE WITH
LOOKOUTS READY TO DETECT ANY

MOVEMENT.

[GOOSE HONKING]

THE AGILE MARSH HARRIER IS TOO
SMALL TO WORRY THESE LARGE

BIRDS.

INDEED, THEY SEEM TO BE IGNORING
IT ALTOGETHER AND CONTINUE

FOCUSING ON THEIR MAIN ACTIVITY,
EATING.

A NEARBY FOX, ON THE OTHER HAND,
IS A REAL THREAT.

[GOOSE HONKING]

[GEESE HONKING]

ITS PRESENCE HASN'T GONE
UNNOTICED.

SENTRIES SOUND THE ALARM, AND
THE FOX REALIZES IT HAS NO

CHANCE.

COMMON CRANES ALSO FLOCK TO THIS
CIVILIZED WINTER OASIS TO ESCAPE

THE NORTHERN COLD AND FOOD
SCARCITY.

BOTH AVIAN SPECIES ARE
DETERMINED TO MAKE THE MOST OF

THE RICH ADVANTAGES HERE,
ENJOYING A LITTLE ITALIAN FOOD

BEFORE THE LONG FLIGHT HOME IN
SUMMER.

COMING UP, SOMETIMES THE ONLY
SOLUTION TO AN IMPOSSIBLE WINTER

IS TO HUNKER DOWN AND WAIT.

BUT JUST HOW DO THESE TWO
SURVIVE FOR MONTHS WITHOUT FOOD?

DON'T GO AWAY.

"EARTH ODYSSEY" WILL BE RIGHT
BACK.

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NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO
THE MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: THE HIMALAYAS COVER
ALMOST A QUARTER MILLION SQUARE

MILES OF SKYSCRAPING MOUNTAINS
AND SEPARATE THE INDIAN

SUBCONTINENT FROM THE TIBETAN
PLATEAU.

AT THE WESTERN END OF THE RANGE,
10,000 FEET UP IS A DESOLATE

ZONE WHERE ONLY THE HEARTIEST
ANIMALS SURVIVE, INCLUDING ONE

OF THE HIMALAYAS' LARGEST AND
MOST ELUSIVE SPECIES...

...THE HIMALAYAN BROWN BEAR.

IT'S EARLY SPRING.

A FEMALE HAS EMERGED FROM HER
DEN AFTER A FIVE-MONTH

HIBERNATION.

HIBERNATION ALLOWS THE BEAR TO
GET THROUGH THE FOOD SCARCITY

AND EXTREME COLD OF WINTER, BUT
IT'S NOT THE SAME AT ALL AS

SLEEPING.

SAFE IN THE DEN, HER BREATHING,
HEART RATE, AND EVEN BRAIN

ACTIVITY DROP TO AN EXTREMELY
LOW RATE, CONSERVING ENERGY FOR

A FEW WEEKS BEFORE CYCLING BACK
UP, THEN DOWN AGAIN.

SHE HASN'T EATEN SINCE AUTUMN
AND HAS LOST ALMOST 30 PERCENT

OF HER BODY WEIGHT, AND NOW
SHE'S GOT AN EXTRA MOUTH TO

FEED.

[BEAR CUB WHIMPERING]

BORN IN HIS MOTHER'S DEN, THIS
CUB IS EXPERIENCING EVERYTHING

OUTSIDE FOR THE FIRST TIME.

[BEAR GROWLING]

IT'S A SCARY NEW WORLD.

AT THIS ALTITUDE, HE'LL GROW
SLOWLY.

FOOD IS SCARCE, AND THE AIR IS
THIN.

HE'LL STAY WITH HIS MOTHER FOR
TWO-AND-A-HALF MORE YEARS...

...SIX MONTHS LONGER THAN THE
CUB OF A NORTH AMERICAN GRIZZLY.

HE IS A TRUE MAMA'S BOY, WHICH
WILL HELP HIM LEARN THE SKILLS A

LARGE MAMMAL NEEDS TO SURVIVE AT
SUCH HIGH ALTITUDE.

TODAY'S LESSON, FINDING FOOD IN
A BARREN LANDSCAPE.

THERE ARE NO FRUITS OR BERRIES
ON THESE SLOPES, AND PROTEIN IS

HARD TO COME BY.

EVEN AT 320 POUNDS, THE MOTHER
IS LESS THAN HALF THE SIZE OF

HER NORTH AMERICAN COUSINS.

LONG CLAWS AND A POWERFUL BUILD
HELP HER TEAR THROUGH THE GROUND

FOR GRASSES AND ROOTS TO EAT.

BUT THE CUB IS EASILY
DISTRACTED.

WHILE HE TAKES A BREAK FROM THE
CLASSROOM, THE MOTHER FINDS A

SUNNY RESTING SPOT, BUT THEY'RE
NOT ALONE ON THE SLOPES.

HIMALAYAN IBEX ARE FORAGING
HIGHER UP.

AS THE LARGE GOATS MANEUVER
ACROSS THE STEEP GROUND, IT

BECOMES LOOSE.

IN THIS LANDSCAPE, FALLING
DEBRIS CAN OFTEN GROW INTO AN

AVALANCHE OF ROCK.

EVEN HALF ASLEEP, THE BEAR
MOTHER HEARS THE STONES COMING.

NO LANDSLIDE THIS TIME, BUT HER
AFTERNOON NAP IS RUINED.

MAYBE HIGHER UP IN THE MOUNTAIN,
HER CUB CAN CONTINUE HIS LESSON

IN FORAGING.

WE'VE JUST SEEN HOW THE
CHALLENGES OF THE SEASONS BRINGS

OUT THE BEST IN ANIMALS'
ADAPTIVE CREATIVITY.

WE HOPE YOU ENJOYED LEARNING HOW
OUR FELLOW EARTHLINGS COPE WITH

SCARCITY, COLD, AND OTHER
SPECIES DURING THEIR WILD

WINTERS.

THANKS FOR WATCHING.

I'M DYLAN DREYER.

SEE YOU NEXT TIME ON "EARTH
ODYSSEY".

[MUSIC]