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- NARRATOR: WHEN YOU SEE THIS
- SYMBOL YOU KNOW YOU'RE WATCHING
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- TELEVISION THAT IS EDUCATIONAL
- AND INFORMATIONAL.
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THE MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.
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DYLAN: HI, EVERYBODY, I'M
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DYLAN DREYER, AND THIS IS
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"EARTH ODYSSEY".
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TODAY, WE HEAD BACK TO THE
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HIMALAYAS, HOME OF SOME OF
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EARTH'S HIGHEST PEAKS.
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- WE'LL FLY HIGH WITH ONE OF
- THE TALLEST BIRDS IN THE
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WORLD AND GO ON ONE OF THE
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MOST INCREDIBLE MIGRATIONS
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IN THE ANIMAL KINGDOM.
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PLUS, WE'LL HANG WITH SOME
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GOLDEN LANGURS, BUT BE ON
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THE LOOKOUT FOR WHAT AND
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WHO IS LOOMING BELOW?
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[MUSIC]
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DYLAN: THE HIMALAYAS ARE
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THE LARGEST MOUNTAIN CHAIN
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IN THE WORLD AND ALTHOUGH
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THEY LOOK FROZEN, THEY'RE
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ACTUALLY MOVING AROUND TWO
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INCHES EACH YEAR.
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THIS RATE MIGHT SEEM
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INCREDIBLY SLOW BUT IT
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ACTUALLY MAKES THE
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HIMALAYAS THE FASTEST
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MOVING MOUNTAIN RANGE IN
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THE WORLD.
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AND IT'S HOME TO A SPECIES
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OF GEESE THAT KNOWS A
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THING OR TWO ABOUT MOVING
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FAST THEMSELVES.
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TAKE A LOOK.
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[MUSIC]
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- DYLAN: WELCOME TO THE
- HIMALAYAS, WHERE MOUNTAINS
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BREAK THROUGH THE CLOUDS
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AND ONE SPECIES OF BIRD
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BREAKS THROUGH THE SKY.
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- BAR-HEADED GEESE HEAD
- SOUTH OVER THE HIMALAYAS
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- TO THE WARMER
- WINTER-FEEDING GROUNDS OF
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NORTHERN INDIA.
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BUT TRAVELING MORE THAN
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900 MILES IN A SINGLE DAY
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ISN'T THIS BIRD'S ONLY
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CLAIM TO FAME.
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IT CHOOSES TO FLY AT AN
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ALTITUDE FEW OTHER
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CREATURES COULD BARELY
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IMAGINE, AND THAT INCLUDES
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HUMANS, AS THIS BIRD
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CRUISES EVEN HIGHER THAN A
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JUMBO JET.
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[MUSIC]
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DYLAN: SOARING MORE THAN
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30,000 FEET, BAR-HEADED
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GEESE HAVE EVEN BEEN
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SPOTTED FLYING OVER
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EVEREST, THE TALLEST
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MOUNTAIN IN THE WORLD.
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- ALTHOUGH, BROADER THAN
- AVERAGE WINGS CREATE A
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LARGE UPLIFTING SURFACE TO
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WEIGHT RATIO, THIS SPECIES
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DOESN'T JUST GLIDE WITH
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THE WIND.
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- PART OF ITS SUCCESS IS
- DOWN TO BEING A POWERFUL
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FLAPPER.
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[MUSIC]
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- DYLAN: UNDER THEIR OWN
- POWER, BAR-HEADED GEESE
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CAN FLY MORE THAN 50 MILES
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PER HOUR, WITH A TAIL
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WIND, THIS SPEED CAN
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EASILY BE DOUBLED.
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AT MINUS 31 DEGREES
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FAHRENHEIT, ICE BUILDUP ON
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- THEIR WINGS WOULD NORMALLY
- BE AN ISSUE FOR MOST
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BIRDS, BUT THE BAR-HEAD'S
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RELENTLESS FLAPPING OVER
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THE MOUNTAINS PRODUCES
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EXCESS BODY HEAT, WHICH IN
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TURN ACTS AS A DE-ICING
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MECHANISM.
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- THE ATMOSPHERE UP HERE
- CONTAINS JUST A QUARTER OF
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THE OXYGEN FOUND AT SEA
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LEVEL.
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[MUSIC]
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- DYLAN: BUT UNLIKE OTHER
- GOOSE SPECIES, BAR-HEADED
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- GEESE HAVE A GREATER
- NUMBER OF BLOOD
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CAPILLARIES SERVICING
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THEIR WING MUSCLES.
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THIS EVOLUTIONARY TRAIT
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MEANS THE LIMITED OXYGEN
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ABSORBED IS UTILIZED MUCH
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MORE EFFICIENTLY.
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[MUSIC]
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DYLAN: SINCE THEIR
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CREATION, THE HIMALAYAS
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HAVE SHAPED THE CULTURES
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OF SOUTHERN ASIA.
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MANY PEAKS ARE SEEN AS
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SACRED AND RELIGION SUCH
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AS BUDDHISM HAVE A STRONG
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PHYSICAL PRESENCE IN THE
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REMOTEST OF AREAS.
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[MUSIC]
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- DYLAN: PRAYER FLAGS
- FLAPPING IN THE WIND BREAK
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THE SILENCE ACROSS THE
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00:03:52,100 --> 00:03:53,867
NUMEROUS MOUNTAIN PASSES.
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[MUSIC]
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- DYLAN: FOR CENTURIES,
- BUDDHIST PILGRIMS HAVE
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DRAPED THESE PENNANTS
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ACROSS VALLEYS AND PLACES
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OF SPIRITUAL PRACTICE FOR
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THE WIND TO CARRY THEIR
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WRITTEN PRAYERS ACROSS THE
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00:04:07,064 --> 00:04:09,215
LANDSCAPE.
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ALTHOUGH, THE FLAGS ARE
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SAID TO BRING HAPPINESS
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- AND PROSPERITY TO THE FLAG
- PLANTER, IT IS ALSO
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BELIEVED THEY SPREAD
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GOODWILL AND COMPASSION TO
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ALL BEINGS THROUGHOUT THE
125
00:04:18,579 --> 00:04:20,599
PERVADING SPACE.
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00:04:20,600 --> 00:04:21,695
[MUSIC]
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00:04:26,566 --> 00:04:28,301
- DYLAN: MORE PERMANENT
- MONUMENTS TO THE BUDDHIST
128
00:04:28,368 --> 00:04:29,653
FAITH ALSO REVEAL THE
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00:04:29,654 --> 00:04:30,937
MAGNITUDE OF RELIGION
130
00:04:31,710 --> 00:04:35,775
THROUGHOUT THE REGION.
131
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- EVOKING THE SHAPE OF THE
- SEATED BUDDHA, MONUMENTS
132
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SUCH AS THESE HAVE BEEN
133
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CENTRAL TO BUDDHIST
134
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WORSHIP FOR MORE THAN
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00:04:41,899 --> 00:04:43,216
2,000 YEARS.
136
00:04:46,145 --> 00:04:47,764
KNOWN AS STUPAS, THEY TAKE
137
00:04:47,789 --> 00:04:48,960
THE SAME FORM AS THE
138
00:04:48,985 --> 00:04:50,405
PROTOTYPE CREATED BY THE
139
00:04:50,430 --> 00:04:51,866
RELIGION'S FOUNDER BACK IN
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THE SIXTH CENTURY B.C.
141
00:04:56,818 --> 00:04:59,249
- THE MAIN DOME REPRESENTS
- THE SACRED MOUNTAINS,
142
00:04:59,274 --> 00:05:01,148
LIKING HEAVEN AND EARTH.
143
00:05:01,173 --> 00:05:03,203
- WHILE CROWNING THE
- STRUCTURE IS A SINGLE
144
00:05:03,269 --> 00:05:05,105
SPIKE.
145
00:05:05,171 --> 00:05:06,856
HOLDING THE THREE JEWELS
146
00:05:06,857 --> 00:05:08,541
DENOTING THE BUDDHA.
147
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THE LAW AND THE COMMUNITY
148
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OF MONKS.
149
00:05:11,989 --> 00:05:13,373
PERCHED HIGH ABOVE THE
150
00:05:13,398 --> 00:05:14,781
VALLEYS, ISOLATED MONASTIC
151
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RETREATS PROVIDE A
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PERMANENT HOME FOR HOLY
153
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FOLLOWERS.
154
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[MUSIC]
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DYLAN: ALSO KNOWN AS
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GOMPAS, MOST HIMALAYAN
157
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MONASTERIES APPEAR LOCKED
158
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IN TIME, HAVING UNDERGONE
159
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- LITTLE CHANGE OVER THE
- PAST 400 YEARS.
160
00:05:37,904 --> 00:05:39,189
DAILY LIFE AT STAKNA GOMPA
161
00:05:39,190 --> 00:05:40,473
STARTS EARLY IN THE
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MORNING.
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- THE SPINNING OF PRAYER
- WHEELS IS BELIEVED TO
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ACCUMULATE WISDOM AND
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00:05:45,530 --> 00:05:46,813
POSITIVE KARMA.
166
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- IT ALSO HAS THE SAME
- AFFECT AS ORALLY RECITING
167
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THE MANTRAS THAT ADORN THE
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CYLINDERS.
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THE HIMALAYAS ARE A PLACE
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OF SPIRITUALITY FOR PEOPLE
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OF ALL CULTURES.
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BUT IT'S NOT JUST HUMANS
173
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WHO REAP THE BENEFITS OF
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- THIS AMAZING MOUNTAIN
- RANGE.
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COMING UP, WE FIND OUT WHO
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CAN BEAR BEING IN THE COLD
177
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CLIMATE OF THE HIMALAYAS.
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PLUS, WE FIND MORE CLOUDS
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IN THE MOUNTAINS THAN
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ABOVE.
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[BREAK]
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.
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- NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO THE
- MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC
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[MUSIC]
185
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DYLAN: IT'S THE END OF
186
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MARCH IN THE HIMALAYAS AND
187
00:06:45,668 --> 00:06:46,729
WHILE THE REST OF THE
188
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REGION CONTINUES TO SUFFER
189
00:06:48,341 --> 00:06:50,076
FROM THE CRIPPLING COLD,
190
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SPRING HAS ALREADY ARRIVED
191
00:06:51,878 --> 00:06:56,549
IN THIS FERTILE GORGE.
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- ALTHOUGH KNOWN AS THE
- VALLEY OF FLOWERS, IT'S
193
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STILL TOO EARLY FOR THE
194
00:06:59,954 --> 00:07:01,221
BASIN'S COLORFUL PETALED
195
00:07:01,287 --> 00:07:04,157
PLANTS TO EMERGE.
196
00:07:04,224 --> 00:07:05,459
BUT THE MELTING OF SNOW
197
00:07:05,460 --> 00:07:06,693
COVER IS CUE FOR ANOTHER
198
00:07:06,760 --> 00:07:08,161
SPECTACLE TO MAKE AN
199
00:07:08,162 --> 00:07:09,562
APPEARANCE.
200
00:07:09,629 --> 00:07:11,264
[MUSIC]
201
00:07:15,350 --> 00:07:16,944
DYLAN: NOT ALL ASIATIC
202
00:07:16,945 --> 00:07:17,964
BLACK BEARS HIBERNATE.
203
00:07:17,989 --> 00:07:19,708
- BUT HERE IN THE COLDER,
- NORTHERN PARTS OF THE
204
00:07:19,733 --> 00:07:21,323
WORLD, THEY'RE FORCED TO
205
00:07:21,348 --> 00:07:22,938
REMAIN IN THEIR DENS FOR
206
00:07:22,963 --> 00:07:24,862
- AROUND FOUR MONTHS OF THE
- YEAR.
207
00:07:24,887 --> 00:07:28,691
[MUSIC]
208
00:07:29,315 --> 00:07:30,817
- DYLAN: DESPITE BEING
- SIMILAR IN SIZE TO ITS
209
00:07:30,884 --> 00:07:32,185
AMERICAN RELATIVE, A
210
00:07:32,186 --> 00:07:33,486
DISTINCTIVE CREAM-COLORED
211
00:07:33,553 --> 00:07:34,871
CRESCENT AT THE CENTER OF
212
00:07:34,872 --> 00:07:36,189
ITS CHEST GIVES THIS
213
00:07:36,256 --> 00:07:37,541
HIMALAYAN RESIDENT ITS
214
00:07:37,542 --> 00:07:38,825
UNIQUE IDENTITY.
215
00:07:43,229 --> 00:07:44,331
THICKER FUR, UP TO SIX
216
00:07:44,332 --> 00:07:45,432
INCHES LONG AROUND ITS
217
00:07:45,498 --> 00:07:47,000
NECK AND FACE, IS ANOTHER
218
00:07:47,001 --> 00:07:48,501
FEATURE SEPARATING THE TWO
219
00:07:48,568 --> 00:07:50,699
SPECIES.
220
00:07:50,700 --> 00:07:51,705
[MUSIC]
221
00:07:57,844 --> 00:07:59,579
- DYLAN: ARMED WITH
- TWO-INCH-LONG CURVED CLAWS
222
00:07:59,646 --> 00:08:01,738
AND CANINE TEETH DESIGNED
223
00:08:01,739 --> 00:08:03,148
FOR TEARING MEAT,
224
00:08:03,149 --> 00:08:04,367
SURPRISINGLY, THIS
225
00:08:04,368 --> 00:08:05,585
PREDATOR IS PRIMARILY A
226
00:08:05,652 --> 00:08:10,490
VEGETARIAN.
227
00:08:10,557 --> 00:08:12,926
- BERRIES, GRASSES, AND
- ROOTS MAKE UP THE MAJORITY
228
00:08:13,260 --> 00:08:15,128
OF ITS DIET.
229
00:08:15,195 --> 00:08:17,164
ALONG WITH THE OCCASIONAL
230
00:08:17,165 --> 00:08:19,132
INSECT.
231
00:08:19,199 --> 00:08:22,435
[MUSIC]
232
00:08:22,502 --> 00:08:24,237
- DYLAN: WITH THE FRUITS OF
- AUTUMN A LONG WAY OFF, THE
233
00:08:24,304 --> 00:08:26,017
HUNTER RELIES ON ITS MOST
234
00:08:26,018 --> 00:08:27,730
VALUABLE WEAPON, AN
235
00:08:27,731 --> 00:08:29,292
INCREDIBLY ACUTE SENSE OF
236
00:08:29,293 --> 00:08:31,444
SMELL.
237
00:08:31,511 --> 00:08:32,829
THIS NOSE IS CAPABLE OF
238
00:08:32,830 --> 00:08:34,147
DETECTING HONEY FOR MORE
239
00:08:34,214 --> 00:08:38,218
THAN THREE MILES AWAY.
240
00:08:38,284 --> 00:08:40,687
- BUGS AND GRUBS HIDING UP
- TO THREE FEET BELOW GROUND
241
00:08:40,754 --> 00:08:41,805
ARE ALSO AT RISK OF
242
00:08:41,806 --> 00:08:42,856
BECOMING PART OF THIS
243
00:08:42,922 --> 00:08:45,225
BEAR'S BREAKFAST.
244
00:08:45,291 --> 00:08:46,926
[MUSIC]
245
00:08:50,797 --> 00:08:52,432
- DYLAN: BEETLES CHOOSING
- THE SANCTUARY OF A ROTTEN
246
00:08:52,499 --> 00:08:53,900
LOG STAND LITTLE CHANCE
247
00:08:53,901 --> 00:08:55,301
AGAINST SUCH A HIGHLY
248
00:08:55,368 --> 00:08:59,239
EQUIPPED OPPONENT.
249
00:08:59,305 --> 00:09:02,375
[MUSIC]
250
00:09:02,442 --> 00:09:03,576
- DYLAN: WHILE THE VALLEY
- OF FLOWERS OFFERS
251
00:09:03,643 --> 00:09:04,882
SANCTUARY TO ONE OF THE
252
00:09:04,883 --> 00:09:06,120
MOST ENDANGERED BEARS IN
253
00:09:06,460 --> 00:09:08,122
THE WORLD, LADAKH'S
254
00:09:08,123 --> 00:09:09,783
THERMAL SPRINGS WELCOME
255
00:09:09,849 --> 00:09:11,167
THE EARLY ARRIVAL OF ONE
256
00:09:11,168 --> 00:09:12,485
OF THE PLANET'S MOST
257
00:09:12,552 --> 00:09:14,187
ENDANGERED BIRDS.
258
00:09:19,426 --> 00:09:20,853
OF THE 15 SPECIES OF CRANE
259
00:09:20,854 --> 00:09:22,280
IN THE WORLD, THE
260
00:09:22,950 --> 00:09:25,310
- BLACK-NECKED CRANE IS THE
- ONLY ONE LIVING AT SUCH
261
00:09:25,650 --> 00:09:29,502
HIGH ALTITUDE.
262
00:09:29,569 --> 00:09:31,438
- AFTER OVERWINTERING IN
- LARGER FLOCKS IN THE
263
00:09:31,504 --> 00:09:32,989
WARMER VALLEYS OF CHINA
264
00:09:32,990 --> 00:09:34,474
AND TIBET, THEY SEPARATE
265
00:09:34,541 --> 00:09:36,126
INTO BREEDING PAIRS AND
266
00:09:36,127 --> 00:09:37,711
HEAD NORTH TO THE WETLANDS
267
00:09:37,777 --> 00:09:39,062
AND LAKES OF THE HIGH
268
00:09:39,063 --> 00:09:40,347
HIMALAYAN PLATEAU.
269
00:09:43,950 --> 00:09:45,852
- BUT EVEN AT THIS TIME OF
- YEAR, NIGHT TEMPERATURES
270
00:09:45,919 --> 00:09:50,490
CAN SUDDENLY PLUMMET.
271
00:09:50,557 --> 00:09:52,425
- FORTUNATELY, THIS
- PARTICULAR BIRD DOESN'T
272
00:09:52,492 --> 00:09:53,643
JUST HAVE A HEAD FOR
273
00:09:53,644 --> 00:09:54,794
HEIGHTS, IT CAN SURVIVE
274
00:09:54,861 --> 00:09:57,330
TEMPERATURES DOWN TO MINUS
275
00:09:57,331 --> 00:09:59,799
22 DEGREES.
276
00:09:59,866 --> 00:10:01,868
- AT JUST UNDER FIVE FEET,
- THE BLACK-NECKED CRANE IS
277
00:10:01,935 --> 00:10:03,387
ALSO ONE OF THE WORLD'S
278
00:10:03,388 --> 00:10:04,838
TALLEST BIRDS.
279
00:10:04,904 --> 00:10:06,539
[MUSIC]
280
00:10:12,212 --> 00:10:13,980
- DYLAN: THE PLUMAGE OF
- BOTH GENDERS IS VIRTUALLY
281
00:10:14,470 --> 00:10:16,194
IDENTICAL, BUT THE MALE IS
282
00:10:16,195 --> 00:10:17,336
BIGGER IN SIZE.
283
00:10:17,361 --> 00:10:18,634
ALTHOUGH, TRADITIONALLY
284
00:10:18,659 --> 00:10:19,931
THOUGHT TO CARE FOREVER,
285
00:10:19,931 --> 00:10:21,095
RECENT STUDIES HAVE SINCE
286
00:10:21,120 --> 00:10:22,711
SHOWN CRANES DO CHANGE
287
00:10:22,736 --> 00:10:24,157
PARTNERS THROUGHOUT THEIR LIFE
288
00:10:24,718 --> 00:10:27,110
WHICH OFTEN STRETCHES OVER
289
00:10:27,111 --> 00:10:28,795
SEVERAL DECADES.
290
00:10:28,862 --> 00:10:30,930
- BREEDING TERRITORIES ARE
- PROTECTED AND IT APPEARS
291
00:10:30,997 --> 00:10:32,966
- THIS COUPLE ALREADY HAS
- COMPANY.
292
00:10:37,337 --> 00:10:38,769
THE PAIR CLOSE IN ON THE
293
00:10:38,770 --> 00:10:40,200
INTRUDER.
294
00:10:40,730 --> 00:10:42,267
- ONCE WITHIN RANGE, IT'S
- TIME TO UNLEASH THEIR
295
00:10:42,750 --> 00:10:43,610
DEFENSIVE WEAPON.
296
00:10:43,677 --> 00:10:47,493
[CRANES CAWING]
297
00:10:47,518 --> 00:10:48,863
DYLAN: THIS LOUD,
298
00:10:48,888 --> 00:10:50,196
TERRITORIAL DUET, KNOWN AS
299
00:10:50,221 --> 00:10:51,790
THE UNISON CALL, IS NOT
300
00:10:51,815 --> 00:10:52,961
ONLY USED TO STOP
301
00:10:52,986 --> 00:10:54,271
AGGRESSION, IT'S ALSO A
302
00:10:54,272 --> 00:10:55,555
VITAL PART OF REINFORCING
303
00:10:55,622 --> 00:10:57,590
BONDS BETWEEN THE PAIR.
304
00:11:02,228 --> 00:11:03,663
- THE CALLING ALSO
- ACCOMPANIES ONE OF
305
00:11:03,730 --> 00:11:06,083
NATURE'S MOST SPECTACULAR
306
00:11:06,084 --> 00:11:08,435
COURTSHIP DISPLAYS.
307
00:11:08,501 --> 00:11:10,136
[MUSIC]
308
00:11:56,516 --> 00:11:58,752
- DYLAN: TO THIS LONE MALE,
- THE MESSAGE IS CLEAR AND
309
00:11:58,818 --> 00:12:00,787
- HIS QUEST FOR A MATE
- CONTINUES.
310
00:12:04,532 --> 00:12:06,031
COMING UP, CLOUDED
311
00:12:06,063 --> 00:12:07,546
LEOPARDS ARE HARD TO SPOT.
312
00:12:07,641 --> 00:12:09,564
JUST ASK THESE GOLDEN
313
00:12:09,589 --> 00:12:10,507
LANGURS.
314
00:12:10,532 --> 00:12:13,233
- PLUS, WE WELCOME BACK THE
- GEESE FROM THEIR LONG
315
00:12:13,299 --> 00:12:14,701
FLIGHT, NEXT ON "EARTH
316
00:12:14,702 --> 00:12:16,102
ODYSSEY".
317
00:12:16,169 --> 00:12:19,806
[BREAK]
318
00:12:19,973 --> 00:12:25,278
.
319
00:12:25,912 --> 00:12:28,448
- NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO THE
- MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC
320
00:12:29,616 --> 00:12:31,317
[MUSIC]
321
00:12:41,940 --> 00:12:42,729
- DYLAN: THE HIMALAYAS
- STRETCH ACROSS SIX
322
00:12:42,796 --> 00:12:45,231
- DIFFERENT ASIAN COUNTRIES,
- COVERING ALL KINDS OF
323
00:12:45,298 --> 00:12:46,516
TERRAIN, FROM FROZEN
324
00:12:46,517 --> 00:12:47,734
MOUNTAIN PEAKS, TO LUSH,
325
00:12:47,801 --> 00:12:49,235
TROPICAL RAINFORESTS.
326
00:12:49,302 --> 00:12:51,237
- AND WITHIN THIS GREEN
- CANOPY, LIVES ONE
327
00:12:51,304 --> 00:12:52,973
ADRENALINE JUNKY MONKEY
328
00:12:52,974 --> 00:12:54,641
WHO HAS NO FEAR OF
329
00:12:54,708 --> 00:12:55,675
HEIGHTS.
330
00:12:56,676 --> 00:12:57,811
- HE LIVES ON THE TREE'S TOP
- FLOOR WHERE THE FOOD IS
331
00:12:57,877 --> 00:12:59,095
PLENTIFUL AND WHERE HE'S
332
00:12:59,096 --> 00:13:00,313
SAFE FROM THE REACH OF A
333
00:13:00,380 --> 00:13:02,782
- BEAUTIFUL PREDATOR LURKING
- BELOW.
334
00:13:02,849 --> 00:13:05,485
TAKE A LOOK.
335
00:13:05,552 --> 00:13:07,687
- CLOSER TO THE RIVERS OF
- THE HIMALAYAS, LIVES A
336
00:13:07,754 --> 00:13:09,256
GROUP OF TREE-CLIMBING
337
00:13:09,257 --> 00:13:10,757
MAMMALS.
338
00:13:10,824 --> 00:13:12,207
GATHERED IN TIGHTLY KNIT
339
00:13:12,208 --> 00:13:13,589
SOCIAL GROUPS OF AROUND A
340
00:13:13,590 --> 00:13:15,105
DOZEN INDIVIDUALS, GOLDEN
341
00:13:15,106 --> 00:13:16,619
LANGURS LIVE HERE ALL
342
00:13:16,620 --> 00:13:17,797
YEAR-ROUND.
343
00:13:17,864 --> 00:13:19,499
[MUSIC]
344
00:13:25,739 --> 00:13:27,240
- DYLAN: FOUND ONLY HERE
- AND THE NEIGHBORING
345
00:13:27,307 --> 00:13:28,492
FOOTHILLS OF BHUTAN,
346
00:13:28,493 --> 00:13:29,676
THEY'RE ONE OF INDIA'S
347
00:13:29,743 --> 00:13:31,644
MOST ENDANGERED PRIMATES.
348
00:13:35,281 --> 00:13:37,350
- UNLIKE THE RED PANDA,
- LANGURS HAVE A CHAMBERED
349
00:13:37,417 --> 00:13:39,139
STOMACH, WHICH HELPS BREAK
350
00:13:39,140 --> 00:13:40,860
DOWN CELLULOSE.
351
00:13:42,956 --> 00:13:44,433
MATURE LEAVES AND FRESH
352
00:13:44,434 --> 00:13:45,910
BUDS MAKE UP THE MAJORITY
353
00:13:45,911 --> 00:13:47,293
OF THEIR DIET.
354
00:13:47,360 --> 00:13:49,160
AND LARGE SALIVARY GLANDS
355
00:13:49,161 --> 00:13:50,959
ALSO ASSIST WITH THEIR
356
00:13:50,960 --> 00:13:52,866
DIGESTION.
357
00:13:52,932 --> 00:13:55,101
- REGARDLESS OF THE VAST
- FOOD SUPPLY, COMPETITION
358
00:13:55,135 --> 00:13:59,339
OVER FEEDING STILL EXISTS.
359
00:13:59,406 --> 00:14:01,410
[MUSIC]
360
00:14:11,510 --> 00:14:12,952
- DYLAN: MINOR SKIRMISHES
- CAN QUICKLY GET OUT OF
361
00:14:13,530 --> 00:14:15,577
HAND, BUT GOLDEN LANGURS
362
00:14:15,578 --> 00:14:17,624
HAVE A WAY OF LEAPING TO
363
00:14:17,691 --> 00:14:20,293
THEIR OWN DEFENSE.
364
00:14:20,360 --> 00:14:22,500
LARGE HIND-LIMBS PROVIDE
365
00:14:22,501 --> 00:14:24,129
POWERFUL PROPULSION.
366
00:14:24,130 --> 00:14:25,395
WHILE LONG PADDED FINGERS
367
00:14:25,396 --> 00:14:26,660
ALLOW FOR EFFECTIVE
368
00:14:26,661 --> 00:14:29,235
HOOKING AND GRABBING.
369
00:14:29,302 --> 00:14:31,671
- LANGURS ARE ONE OF THE FEW
- PRIMATES TO HAVE ALL BUT
370
00:14:31,738 --> 00:14:33,139
LOST THEIR THUMBS.
371
00:14:33,206 --> 00:14:34,474
AN EVOLUTIONARY ADAPTATION
372
00:14:34,475 --> 00:14:35,742
TO PREVENT THE DIGIT FROM
373
00:14:35,809 --> 00:14:37,711
- BEING A HINDRANCE WHILE
- SWINGING THROUGH THE
374
00:14:37,777 --> 00:14:41,681
TREES.
375
00:14:41,748 --> 00:14:43,717
- ALTHOUGH A LONG TAIL
- ENHANCES BALANCE, IT ALSO
376
00:14:43,783 --> 00:14:45,852
- REQUIRES A LITTLE MORE
- EFFORT WHEN IT COMES TO
377
00:14:45,919 --> 00:14:50,457
CLEANING.
378
00:14:50,523 --> 00:14:52,075
GROOMING ISN'T JUST A SOLO
379
00:14:52,076 --> 00:14:53,626
AFFAIR.
380
00:14:53,693 --> 00:14:54,711
RUMMAGING THROUGH A
381
00:14:54,712 --> 00:14:55,729
FRIEND'S FUR IS THE
382
00:14:55,795 --> 00:14:57,230
LANGUR'S WAY OF
383
00:14:57,231 --> 00:14:58,665
REINFORCING SOCIAL BONDS,
384
00:14:58,732 --> 00:15:00,767
AS WELL AS RELIEVING
385
00:15:00,768 --> 00:15:02,802
STRESS.
386
00:15:02,869 --> 00:15:04,290
GOLDEN LANGURS SELDOM
387
00:15:04,291 --> 00:15:05,710
LEAVE THE TREES, EVEN TO DRINK
388
00:15:06,506 --> 00:15:08,842
- MOST OF THEIR WATER COMES
- FROM DEW AND RAIN-SOAKED
389
00:15:08,908 --> 00:15:10,543
LEAVES.
390
00:15:14,470 --> 00:15:16,750
- THIS TACTIC IS ADOPTED BY
- SOME OF THE FOOTHILL'S
391
00:15:16,816 --> 00:15:18,385
SMALLER ANIMALS, TOO.
392
00:15:18,451 --> 00:15:20,186
- SUCH AS HIMALAYAN
- SQUIRRELS THAT FIND
393
00:15:20,253 --> 00:15:21,371
SANCTUARY IN THE
394
00:15:21,372 --> 00:15:22,489
FOOTHILL'S FLOWERING
395
00:15:22,555 --> 00:15:25,325
RHODODENDRON FORESTS.
396
00:15:25,392 --> 00:15:27,600
- MORE THAN 90 PERCENT OF
- THE WORLD'S RHODODENDRON
397
00:15:27,603 --> 00:15:29,429
- TREES ORIGINATE FROM THIS
- REGION.
398
00:15:29,496 --> 00:15:31,131
[MUSIC]
399
00:15:36,469 --> 00:15:38,505
- DYLAN: SOME BIRDS ADD
- MORE COLOR TO THE MIX AS
400
00:15:38,571 --> 00:15:39,723
THEY FEED ON INSECTS
401
00:15:39,724 --> 00:15:40,874
ATTRACTED TO THE
402
00:15:40,940 --> 00:15:45,145
SPRINGTIME BLOSSOM.
403
00:15:45,211 --> 00:15:46,529
THE HIMALAYAN FOOTHILL
404
00:15:46,530 --> 00:15:47,847
TREES PROVIDE SAFE REFUGE
405
00:15:47,914 --> 00:15:49,449
TO MANY CREATURES.
406
00:15:49,516 --> 00:15:51,551
- BUT THERE'S ONE PREDATOR
- THAT RELIES ON THEIR
407
00:15:51,618 --> 00:15:52,936
ELEVATED BRANCHES FOR ITS
408
00:15:52,937 --> 00:15:54,254
HUNTING SUCCESS.
409
00:15:56,137 --> 00:15:57,736
RELATIVELY SHORT LEGS AND
410
00:15:57,761 --> 00:15:59,100
BROAD PAWS MAKE THE
411
00:15:59,125 --> 00:16:00,619
CLOUDED LEOPARD AN EXPERT
412
00:16:00,644 --> 00:16:02,268
AT CLIMBING TREES.
413
00:16:04,877 --> 00:16:06,078
ITS EXCEPTIONALLY LONG
414
00:16:06,103 --> 00:16:07,876
TAIL PROVIDES EXCELLENT
415
00:16:07,901 --> 00:16:10,359
BALANCE.
416
00:16:10,360 --> 00:16:12,205
- ALTHOUGH, IT SPENDS MOST
- OF THE DAY RESTING, THIS
417
00:16:12,272 --> 00:16:13,757
MEDIUM SIZED STALKY CAT IS
418
00:16:13,758 --> 00:16:15,241
NO SLUMBERING SOFTIE.
419
00:16:20,647 --> 00:16:22,069
THE CLOUDED LEOPARD IS A
420
00:16:22,070 --> 00:16:23,489
FORMIDABLE PREDATOR AND
421
00:16:23,490 --> 00:16:24,688
RELATIVE TO ITS SIZE, IT
422
00:16:24,689 --> 00:16:25,885
HAS THE LONGEST CANINE
423
00:16:25,952 --> 00:16:27,270
TEETH OF ANY LIVING
424
00:16:27,271 --> 00:16:28,588
CARNIVORE.
425
00:16:31,624 --> 00:16:33,076
AS DUSK DRAWS IN, THE
426
00:16:33,077 --> 00:16:34,527
NOCTURNAL HUNTER SPOTS A
427
00:16:34,594 --> 00:16:38,365
POTENTIAL VICTIM.
428
00:16:38,431 --> 00:16:39,883
ROTATABLE REAR ANKLE
429
00:16:39,884 --> 00:16:41,334
JOINTS ALLOW FOR A
430
00:16:41,401 --> 00:16:43,370
CONTROLLED DECENT
431
00:16:43,371 --> 00:16:45,338
HEADFIRST.
432
00:16:45,405 --> 00:16:47,674
- BLIND BY NIGHT, JUNGLE
- FOWLS STAND LITTLE CHANCE
433
00:16:47,741 --> 00:16:49,251
AGAINST THE LEOPARD AND
434
00:16:49,252 --> 00:16:50,760
ITS SHARP NOCTURNAL VISION.
435
00:16:52,379 --> 00:16:53,830
COMING UP, THE GEESE
436
00:16:53,831 --> 00:16:55,281
RETURN TO THE HIMALAYAS
437
00:16:55,348 --> 00:16:56,750
AND SO WILL WE.
438
00:16:56,816 --> 00:16:59,753
NEXT ON "EARTH ODYSSEY".
439
00:16:59,819 --> 00:17:03,255
[BREAK]
440
00:17:03,256 --> 00:17:08,228
.
441
00:17:09,396 --> 00:17:11,931
- NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO THE
- MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC
442
00:17:13,833 --> 00:17:15,535
[MUSIC]
443
00:17:24,811 --> 00:17:26,141
DYLAN: IN THE HIGH
444
00:17:26,142 --> 00:17:27,469
HIMALAYAN PLATEAU OF
445
00:17:27,470 --> 00:17:28,610
LADAKH, BUDDHIST MONKS
446
00:17:28,611 --> 00:17:29,749
OFFICIALLY ANNOUNCE THE
447
00:17:29,816 --> 00:17:31,217
ARRIVAL OF SPRING.
448
00:17:31,284 --> 00:17:32,919
[HORNS BLOWING]
449
00:17:41,194 --> 00:17:42,429
- DYLAN: THE FROSTED
- STREAMS FEED THE
450
00:17:42,495 --> 00:17:47,132
THAWED-OUT GRASSLANDS.
451
00:17:47,133 --> 00:17:49,102
- AND THE HIGH-ALTITUDE
- LAKES PREPARE THEMSELVES
452
00:17:49,169 --> 00:17:50,487
FOR THE RETURN OF THEIR
453
00:17:50,488 --> 00:17:51,805
SUMMERTIME RESIDENCE.
454
00:17:55,108 --> 00:17:56,976
- WITH TEMPERATURES IN
- AROUND 70 DEGREES ABOVE
455
00:17:57,770 --> 00:17:58,942
FREEZING, TSO MORIRI
456
00:17:58,943 --> 00:18:00,113
WATERS ARE VIRTUALLY
457
00:18:00,180 --> 00:18:05,179
COMPLETELY MELTED.
458
00:18:05,180 --> 00:18:07,187
- THE HIGH-FLYING BAR-HEADED
- GEESE BEGIN ARRIVING FROM
459
00:18:07,253 --> 00:18:08,538
THEIR WINTER BASE OF
460
00:18:08,539 --> 00:18:09,823
INDIA'S LOWER PLAINS, MORE
461
00:18:09,889 --> 00:18:13,626
THAN 1,000 MILES AWAY.
462
00:18:13,693 --> 00:18:14,911
TSO MORIRI IS THE ONLY
463
00:18:14,912 --> 00:18:16,129
PLACE IN INDIA WHERE
464
00:18:16,196 --> 00:18:18,164
- BAR-HEADED GEESE COME TO
- BREED.
465
00:18:23,303 --> 00:18:24,637
- BECAUSE THERE ARE FEW
- PREDATORS AT THIS HIGH
466
00:18:24,704 --> 00:18:25,822
ALTITUDE, THE LAKE
467
00:18:25,823 --> 00:18:26,940
PROVIDES THE PERFECT
468
00:18:27,400 --> 00:18:28,538
SUMMER RESIDENCE FOR A
469
00:18:28,539 --> 00:18:29,676
WHOLE VARIETY OF WATER
470
00:18:29,743 --> 00:18:33,880
BIRDS.
471
00:18:33,947 --> 00:18:35,724
SHELL DUCKS, GREBES, AND
472
00:18:35,725 --> 00:18:37,500
GULLS ALSO RELY ON TSO
473
00:18:37,830 --> 00:18:39,786
- MORIRI FOR RAISING THEIR
- YOUNG.
474
00:18:39,853 --> 00:18:41,921
- MAKING THIS HIMALAYAN LAKE
- ONE OF INDIA'S MOST
475
00:18:42,550 --> 00:18:43,838
IMPORTANT WETLAND
476
00:18:43,839 --> 00:18:45,125
ECOSYSTEMS.
477
00:18:45,191 --> 00:18:48,361
[MUSIC]
478
00:18:48,428 --> 00:18:49,729
- DYLAN: WITH SUMMER FAST
- APPROACHING, THE SNOW
479
00:18:49,796 --> 00:18:51,731
- LEOPARDS FOLLOW THE
- MOUNTAIN'S RETREATING
480
00:18:51,798 --> 00:18:53,433
SNOWLINE.
481
00:18:56,836 --> 00:18:59,239
- THE HIMALAYAS IS AN
- UNBELIEVABLE REGION IN OUR
482
00:18:59,305 --> 00:19:02,375
WORLD.
483
00:19:02,442 --> 00:19:04,344
- FROM THE ANCIENT CULTURES
- THAT ARE STILL PRACTICED
484
00:19:04,411 --> 00:19:06,813
TODAY.
485
00:19:06,880 --> 00:19:08,682
- TO THE ANIMALS WHO THRIVE
- IN SUCH HARSH
486
00:19:08,748 --> 00:19:12,352
ENVIRONMENTS.
487
00:19:12,419 --> 00:19:14,387
- THIS MOUNTAIN RANGE IS ONE
- OF THE MOST FASCINATING
488
00:19:14,454 --> 00:19:16,790
PLACES ON EARTH.
489
00:19:16,832 --> 00:19:20,849
[MUSIC]
490
00:19:20,874 --> 00:19:22,642
- DYLAN: THANKS FOR JOINING
- US ON ANOTHER JOURNEY
491
00:19:22,667 --> 00:19:23,974
THROUGH THE HIMALAYAS.
492
00:19:23,999 --> 00:19:25,178
WHETHER IT'S CLOUDED
493
00:19:25,178 --> 00:19:26,141
LEOPARDS HUNTING THEIR
494
00:19:26,166 --> 00:19:27,396
NEXT MEAL OR LANGUR
495
00:19:27,421 --> 00:19:28,710
MONKEYS SOARING TO THE
496
00:19:28,735 --> 00:19:30,120
NEXT TREE, YOU NEVER KNOW
497
00:19:30,121 --> 00:19:31,504
WHAT YOU'LL DISCOVER ON
498
00:19:31,571 --> 00:19:33,440
- THIS INCREDIBLE MOUNTAIN
- RANGE.
499
00:19:33,506 --> 00:19:35,468
WE'LL SEE YOU ON OUR NEXT
500
00:19:35,469 --> 00:19:37,429
"EARTH ODYSSEY".
501
00:19:37,430 --> 00:19:39,450
[MUSIC]
32518
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