All language subtitles for Earth.Odyssey.with.Dylan.Dreyer.S01E16.1080p.WEB-DL.AAC2.0.H.264-BTN_track3_[eng]

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ANNOUNCER: WHEN YOU SEE THIS
SYMBOL YOU KNOW YOU'RE

WATCHING TELEVISION THAT'S
EDUCATIONAL AND INFORMATIONAL.

THE MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: HEY, I'M DYLAN
DREYER, AND WE'RE ABOUT TO

EMBARK ON ANOTHER "EARTH
ODYSSEY."

ON TODAY'S EPISODE, WE
HEAD TO TURKEY, A REGION

OF EXTREMES.

VOLCANOES AND EARTHQUAKES
ROCK THE LAND.

ALPINE FORESTS ARE FOUND
HIGH IN THE MOUNTAINS.

TREACHEROUS CLIFFSIDES AND
WATERY DELTAS OFFER LITTLE

PROTECTION FOR THE
COUNTRY'S INHABITANTS, YET

DESPITE ALL OF THESE
CHALLENGES, ITS ANIMALS

AND PLANTS THRIVE.

COMING UP, IT'S A HARD
KNOCK LIFE FOR THESE TOUGH

TURTLES, AND LATER,
DISCOVER WHY THESE ANCIENT

VOLCANOES HAVE A MAGICAL
REPUTATION.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: THIS IS MY NEW
PAL, LEAH, AN AFRICAN

BLACK-FOOTED PENGUIN HERE
AT RIPLEY'S AQUARIUM OF

THE SMOKIES.

AS YOU CAN SEE, SHE'S
SPORTING THE TRADITIONAL

PENGUIN COLORS OF BLACK
AND WHITE, WHICH ARE VERY

PRETTY, BUT DID YOU KNOW
THEY ALSO SERVE A VERY

IMPORTANT PURPOSE IN THIS
SPECIES' SURVIVAL?

IT'S CALLED
COUNTERSHADING, AND IT

ALLOWS THESE BIRDS TO HIDE
FROM PREDATORS LIKE SHARKS

AND KILLER WHALES.

IN TURKEY, THE TORTOISE
YOU'RE ABOUT TO MEET IS

WELL-CAMOUFLAGED, TOO.

IT'S BARELY VISIBLE IN THE
TALL, DRY GRASSES OF THIS

RUGGED ENVIRONMENT.

LET'S SEE IF WE CAN FIND
HIM.

TURKEY IS SITUATED BETWEEN
THE MIDDLE EAST AND

EUROPE.

MOUNTAINOUS LANDSCAPES AND
VAST WETLANDS DOMINATE THE

REGION.

TURKEY'S WILDLIFE IS AS
BIOLOGICALLY DIVERSE AND

ABUNDANT AS A MINI
CONTINENT.

IT'S BOUND BY EXTREME
WEATHER PATTERNS AS WELL

AS MOUNTAINS THAT REACH
THREE MILES HIGH.

THESE FORCES SHAPE THE
EXPERIENCES AND LIFESTYLES

OF TURKEY'S INHABITANTS.

EVEN THE SMALLER CREATURES
MUST HANDLE THE EXTREME

TEMPERATURES.

IN THE WINTER, THESE
SPUR-THIGHED TORTOISES CAN

HIBERNATE, BUT AS THE
GROUND HEATS UP, THIS

HARD-SHELLED RESIDENT GETS
GOING.

ON AVERAGE, THESE REPTILES
ARE ABOUT NINE INCHES

LONG, BUT WHAT THEY LACK
IN SIZE, THEY MAKE UP FOR

IN AGE.

TORTOISES LIKE THIS ONE
CAN LIVE FOR A HUNDRED

YEARS.

AND OUT HERE, IT'S BETTER
TO ROUGH IT WITH A FRIEND.

THIS TORTOISE COMES
KNOCKING FOR SOME COMPANY.

TURKEY'S LAND TAKES A
SERIES OF HARD KNOCKS AS

WELL, THIS TIME IN THE
FORM OF EARTHQUAKES.

FAULT LINES RUN THROUGH
THE EARTH, SHIFTING LAND

MASSES, A JUMBLE OF ROCK
LEFT WITH REMINDERS OF A

SIMMERING PAST.

65 MILLION YEARS AGO,
TURKEY SUFFERED MAJOR

VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS HERE.

AND WAIT UNTIL YOU SEE
WHAT THIS COUNTRY'S

ANCIENT VOLCANOES LEFT
BEHIND.

THEY'RE CALLED THE FAIRY
CHIMNEYS OF CAPPADOCIA.

BEFORE YOU ASK, NO,
FAIRIES DON'T LIVE IN

THEM, BUT WILD PIGEONS DO,
AND SWALLOWS ENJOY SOARING

PAST THEIR CLOUD-SHAPED
TOPS.

THE FAIRY CHIMNEYS WERE
CREATED WHEN THREE

VOLCANOES LEFT BEHIND
VOLCANIC ASH, LAVA, AND

BASALT, EACH ERUPTION
CREATING ANOTHER

STRATIFIED LINE IN THESE
ROCKS.

EARTHQUAKES AND EROSION
HAVE PLAYED THEIR PARTS TO

SHAPE THESE OTHERWORLDLY
CREATIONS.

EACH SPORTS A TOP HAT OF
BASALT ROCK THAT KEEPS IT

FROM FALLING APART.

TURKEY'S ANIMALS LIVE
UNDER CONSTANT THREAT OF

FALLING ROCK AS THE GROUND
SHIFTS BENEATH THEM.

IT'S THE PRICE THEY PAY TO
LIVE IN SUCH AN EXTREME,

YET BEAUTIFUL COUNTRY.

COMING UP, FIND OUT WHAT
ALL THE BUZZ IS ABOUT NEXT

ON "EARTH ODYSSEY."

.

ANNOUNCER: WE NOW RETURN
TO THE MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

ANNOUNCER: THIS EPISODE OF
"EARTH ODYSSEY WITH DYLAN

DREYER" IS BROUGHT TO YOU
BY RIPLEY'S AQUARIUMS.

[EAGLE SCREECHING]

DYLAN: DOWN BELOW ON THE
ANATOLIAN PLATEAU, HERDS

OF SHEEP LOOK FOR PATCHES
OF GREEN PASTURE UNDER THE

BLAZING SUN.

TURKEY WAS ONE OF THE
FIRST PLACES IN THE WORLD

THAT PEOPLE DOMESTICATED
SHEEP.

THERE ARE WILD VERSIONS OF
THESE ANIMALS IN TURKEY

CALLED MOUFLON.

[SHEEP BLEATING]

BUT OUT THERE, THEY MUST
FEND FOR THEMSELVES.

HERE ON THE BARREN TURKISH
LANDSCAPE, SHEPHERDING IS

AN ANCIENT VOCATION THAT'S
NOT ONLY STILL PRACTICED

TODAY, IT'S CELEBRATED.

[MAN WHISTLING]

IN FACT, EACH YEAR, SOME
TURKISH SHEPHERDS HOLD A

COMPETITION TO DETERMINE
WHICH ONE HAS FORGED THE

CLOSEST BOND WITH THEIR
FLOCK.

IT'S A TRADITION THAT
DATES HUNDREDS OF YEARS,

AND IT REVEALS HOW
IMPORTANT THIS WORK IS TO

THE PEOPLE AND ANIMALS OF
THIS COUNTRY.

THE WEATHER WARMS IN THE
TOURIST MOUNTAIN RANGE TO

THE SOUTH.

THAT'S WHERE THESE ALPINE
MEADOWS MAKE THE PERFECT

LANDING PAD FOR A
BUZZWORTHY CROWD.

HONEYBEES SWARM THE
CLOVER-DOTTED LANDSCAPE.

THEY'RE MINING ALPINE
FLOWERS FOR NUTRIENTS.

THE FLOWERS' POLLEN IS
PROTEIN FOR DEVELOPING

BEES.

THE FLOWERS' NECTAR IS THE
SWEET STUFF THAT WILL

EVENTUALLY TURN INTO
HONEY.

BUT THESE BEES MUST ACT
FAST.

WINTER IS ON ITS WAY, AND
THEY'RE NOT THE

HIBERNATING VARIETY.

THEY'LL NEED NECTAR ALL
WINTER LONG TO SURVIVE.

A LOAD FOR THIS HIVE,
EQUAL TO AS MUCH AS 60

BAGS OF SUGAR.

THESE BEES WORK BEST AS A
TEAM.

WITH MILITARY PRECISION,
THEY EXTRACT EVERYTHING

THEY NEED AND MOVE ON.

BUT BEFORE HEADING BACK TO
THE HIVE, THEY NEED TO

LOAD UP ON RATIONS OF
WATER AS WELL.

THE BEES HEAD TO A NEARBY
MOUNTAIN STREAM.

FRESH, COOL WATER BEATS
THE HEAT OF THE SUMMER

SUN.

THE HIVES NEED THE WATER
TO COOL DOWN AS WELL.

THE BEES SWALLOW DROPLETS,
STORING THE WATER IN A

PART OF THEIR BODIES
CALLED THE CROPS.

THAT'S HOW THEY CAN CARRY
THE WATER BACK TO THE

HIVE.

ONCE HOME, THEY'LL THINLY
SPREAD THE WATER ACROSS

EGGS AND LARVA, KEEPING
THEM COOL AS THEY GROW.

WHEN IT'S TIME TO LEAVE
THE MEADOW, THESE BEES FLY

TOGETHER, SAFETY IN
NUMBERS.

EVEN THE SMALLEST BEE MUST
KEEP UP WITH THE AERIAL

MANEUVERS.

WHEN "EARTH ODYSSEY"
RETURNS, A SECRETIVE

CREATURE MAKES A SURPRISE
APPEARANCE DOWN ON THE

DELTA.

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ANNOUNCER: WE NOW RETURN
TO THE MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: WELCOME BACK TO
"EARTH ODYSSEY."

I'M DYLAN DREYER.

TO SURVIVE IN THE WILD,
ANIMALS LEARN TO ADAPT TO

THEIR SURROUNDINGS.

THIS MORAY EEL OF THE
PACIFIC OCEAN IS A PRIME

EXAMPLE.

IT HAS A PECULIAR WAY OF
BREATHING.

BY OPENING AND CLOSING ITS
MOUTH, THE EEL PUSHES

OXYGEN AND WATER OVER ITS
GILLS.

THIS TECHNIQUE ALSO
EXPOSES ITS TEETH, GIVING

THE EEL A SPOOKY GRIN.

IN TURKEY, THE NILE
SOFT-SHELL TURTLE HAS

FOUND A WAY TO BREATHE A
LITTLE EASIER, TOO.

IT ABSORBS OXYGEN THROUGH
ITS SKIN.

LET'S SEE IF WE CAN CATCH
A GLIMPSE OF THIS ELUSIVE

CREATURE.

WATER FLOWS DOWN TURKEY'S
JAGGED MOUNTAINS,

EVENTUALLY ENDING UP HERE
IN THE DALYAN DELTA.

THIS IS A MAZE OF
WATERWAYS AND ONE OF

TURKEY'S MOST IMPORTANT
ENVIRONMENTS.

IT'S ALSO WHERE MONSTERS
HIDE IN THE MURKY WATERS.

CRACKS IN THE EARTH
RELEASE SULFUROUS HOT

WATER SPRINGS IN A
LONG-FORGOTTEN PART OF

THIS RIVER...

...THE PERFECT HABITAT FOR
AN UNUSUAL-LOOKING

CREATURE TO LIVE A LIFE
OUT OF THE LIMELIGHT.

THIS IS THE NILE
SOFT-SHELL TURTLE.

THE LARGEST POPULATION OF
THESE TURTLES IS FOUND

HERE IN TURKEY, YET THERE
ARE ONLY FIVE HUNDRED

KNOWN TO EXIST IN THIS
MEDITERRANEAN AREA.

THEY EASILY ADAPT TO LIFE
UNDERWATER, ABSORBING THE

MAJORITY OF THE OXYGEN
THEY NEED TO BREATHE

THROUGH THEIR SKIN.

THE REST OF THE OXYGEN
THESE AQUATIC REPTILES

NEED IS PUMPED INTO THEIR
MOUTHS WITH WATER.

THIS MECHANISM ACTS LIKE
GILLS ON A FISH.

THEIR ABILITY TO TAKE IN
OXYGEN SO EFFORTLESSLY

LETS THEM STAY UNDERWATER
FOR LONG STRETCHES AT A

TIME, UP TO 15 HOURS, BUT
THESE TURTLES ARE KNOWN TO

BE AGGRESSIVE.

THEY HAVE A QUICK TEMPER,
TOO.

ANY COMPETING TURTLE WHO
IS LOOKING FOR A MATE WILL

LIKELY END IN A DUEL.

THESE TWO TURTLES USE
THEIR THREE-CLAWED FRONT

LIMBS TO SHOW EACH OTHER
WHO'S BOSS.

AND THEIR DEFENSE
MECHANISMS AREN'T JUST

USED TO BATTLE POTENTIAL
COMPETITORS.

THESE TURTLES CAN GROW TO
BE MORE THAN THREE FEET

FROM NOSE TO TAIL.

THEY'RE FAST SWIMMERS AND
STEALTHY HUNTERS,

SOMETIMES LYING QUIETLY ON
THE MUDDY RIVER BOTTOM

UNTIL THEY GRAB
UNSUSPECTING PREY WITH

THEIR LONG NECKS AND
STRONG JAWS.

THEY'VE EVEN BEEN SEEN
FEASTING ON UNLUCKY GOATS

AND PIGS ALONG THE
RIVERBANK.

WITHOUT A HARD SHELL TO
PROTECT THEM, THEY USE

THEIR WEBBED FEET LIKE
PADDLES, TAKING A SWIPE AT

THE OPPONENT WITH ONE SIDE
FINALLY GIVING UP.

ANOTHER ONE OF TURKEY'S
MORE CURIOUS ANIMALS IS A

SCAVENGER AT HEART.

WITH ITS ANTENNAS AT HIGH
ALERT, ONE WHIFF SENDS THE

DUNG BEETLE SCURRYING TO A
FRESH CATCH.

BUT TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF
THE FRESH LIQUIDS, THIS

BEETLE NEEDS TO ACT FAST.

SOON, IT'S EVIDENT HE'S
NOT THE ONLY ONE OUT HERE.

A POTENTIAL THREAT TRIES
TO OVERTAKE HIM.

A BATTLE ENSUES OVER THE
PRIZE.

AFTER A MASSIVE EFFORT TO
DEFEND HIS NEWFOUND

TREASURE, THE DUNG BEETLE
DECLARES VICTORY, BUT IT'S

SHORT-LIVED.

NOW HE NEEDS TO GET THE
PRIZE TO SAFETY.

THE BEETLE CAN CARRY DUNG
50 TIMES ITS BODYWEIGHT.

NOW THE BEETLE MAKES A
MAJOR PUSH TO SAFETY.

HE USES HIS STRONG FRONT
LEGS AND SPURS ON HIS BACK

LEGS TO KEEP THE BALL
ROLLING.

BUT THANKS TO A HARD
SHELL, THIS BEETLE CAN

TAKE THE EASY WAY DOWN.

JUST IN TIME TO GET THE
DUNG OUT OF THE SUN BEFORE

IT DRIES OUT.

WHEN EARTH ODYSSEY
RETURNS, FIND OUT MORE

ABOUT TURKEY'S "BEAR"
NECESSITIES.

.

ANNOUNCER: WE NOW RETURN TO
THE MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: CLIFFS AND CANYONS
CUT DEEP INTO TURKEY'S

LAND.

THE ROCKY EARTH EASILY
SHIFTS, CREATING A

HAZARDOUS LIFESTYLE.

ALWAYS JUST ONE STEP BELOW
FROM TAKING A PLUNGE, THE

BROWN BEARS ARE TURKEY'S
LARGEST CARNIVOROUS

ANIMALS.

THESE BEARS ARE ALSO ON
THE COUNTRY'S PROTECTED

SPECIES LIST.

ONLY THREE THOUSAND STILL
THOUGHT TO BE LIVING IN

THE WILD.

THESE MASSIVE BEARS ARE
OFTEN STARVING WHEN THEY

COME OUT OF THEIR LONG
WINTER'S NAP.

AS SPRING ARRIVES, THE
BEARS WILL WANDER FOR

MILES LOOKING FOR FOOD...

...A DANGEROUS PROPOSITION
ON THESE STEEP CLIFFSIDES.

WET AND WEAK, THESE BEARS
NAVIGATE SLIPPERY SLOPES.

WEIGHING SEVERAL HUNDRED
POUNDS, THAT'S NO EASY

FEAT.

BUT GRAVITY AND ROCKY SLOPES
AREN'T THIS FEMALE'S ONLY

CONCERNS.

A MALE BEAR SEEMS TO BE
CHASING HER.

ALTHOUGH HE MIGHT JUST BE
LOOKING FOR COMPANIONSHIP,

MALE BEARS CAN BE
UNPREDICTABLE.

AS THIS ONE GETS CLOSER,
THE FEMALE FEELS THE

PRESSURE AND MAKES A BREAK
FOR THE TREE LINE.

SHE'LL USE THE FOREST FOR
PROTECTION.

BROWN BEARS WEREN'T BUILT
TO NAVIGATE THIS KIND OF

TREACHEROUS TERRAIN.

BETTER SAFE THAN SORRY.

HOWEVER, THIS TURKEY
NATIVE IS MUCH MORE

SURE-FOOTED.

THE ANATOLIAN WILD GOATS
ARE ADEPT AT TURKEY'S

TOUGHER SPOTS.

LEATHERY SOLES ON THEIR
HOOVES HELP THEM CLING TO

THE STEEP CLIFFS.

RECTANGULAR EYES ALLOW A
WIDER FIELD OF VISION FOR

THESE MOUNTAINEERS.

A HARD CLIMB IS REWARDED
WITH THE BEST THAT SPRING

OFFERS.

YOUNG GREEN PLANTS SHOOT
UP BETWEEN THE ROCKS FOR

THESE BRAVE EXPLORERS.

BUT LIVING IN A LAND OF
EXTREMES DEMANDS MORE THAN

JUST COURAGE.

TURKEY'S UNYIELDING
CONDITIONS CONSTANTLY TEST

THE SKILLS AND
SURVIVABILITY OF ITS

INHABITANTS.

NOT ONE DAY IS TAKEN FOR
GRANTED IN THIS MIDDLE

EASTERN WILDERNESS.

THANKS FOR JOINING ME ON
THIS EXCITING EXPEDITION

TO TURKEY.

WE NOW SEE HOW MUCH THIS
TERRAIN CHALLENGES THE

ANIMALS WHO LIVE THERE.

CONSTANTLY EXPOSED TO
EXTREME TEMPERATURES AND

RUGGED CONDITIONS,
TURKEY'S WILDLIFE PASSES

NATURE'S SURVIVAL TEST
WITH FLYING COLORS.

WE'LL SEE YOU NEXT TIME ON
"EARTH ODYSSEY."

[MUSIC]