All language subtitles for Earth.Odyssey.With.Dylan.Dreyer.S06E09.1080p.WEB-DL.AAC2.0.H.264-BTN_track3_[eng]

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NARRATOR: WHEN YOU SEE THIS
SYMBOL, YOU KNOW YOU’RE WATCHING

TELEVISION THAT IS EDUCATIONAL
AND INFORMATIONAL.

THE MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: WELCOME, EVERYONE.

I'M DYLAN DREYER, AND WE'RE
ABOUT TO MEET SOME OF THE

BIGGEST MOVERS AND SHAKERS
IN THE ANIMAL KINGDOM.

THIS IS "EARTH ODYSSEY".

TODAY, WE'RE TRAVERSING THE
LANDSCAPE TO MEET THE

ANIMALS WHO LOVE TO LIVE
LIFE ON THE MOVE.

THIS TROOP IS ON A TREK TO
FIND THE PERFECT HOME FOR

THE WHOLE FAMILY.

AND IT'S HARD TO MISS IT
WHEN THESE NESTING NOMADS

TAKE FLIGHT.

LATER, WE'LL MEET AN
ANTELOPE WHOSE STOMACH ACTS

AS A NAVIGATOR.

BUT WE BEGIN OUR JOURNEY
FOLLOWING IN THE FORMIDABLE

FOOTSTEPS OF EARTH'S BIGGEST
MAMMAL MIGRATOR.

ALL THIS AND SO MUCH MORE
HERE ON "EARTH ODYSSEY".

[MUSIC]

A LITTLE CHANGE IN
SCENERY RARELY GOES

UNAPPRECIATED IN THE WILD.

IN FACT, MANY ANIMAL SPECIES
MAKE A HABIT OF MOVING

HUNDREDS, EVEN THOUSANDS OF
MILES ON A REGULAR BASIS.

THIS EPIC ENDEAVOR IS CALLED
MIGRATION, A NATURAL

PHENOMENON DRIVEN BY
INSTINCT AND NECESSITY.

BIRDS, WHALES, AND SEA
TURTLES ARE ICONIC EXAMPLES,

BUT ONE OF THE MOST
CONSISTENT MIGRATORS IS ALSO

ONE OF THE BIGGEST.

CHECK IT OUT.

EVERY DAY WHEN THE SUN IS AT
ITS HIGHEST POINT, THE

GROUND SHAKES WITH THE
MOVEMENT OF GIANTS...

...ELEPHANTS.

IT'S NOT EASY BEING THE
PLANET'S LARGEST TERRESTRIAL

ANIMAL.

EVERY DAY, AFRICAN ELEPHANTS
MUST EAT AND DRINK ENOUGH TO

SUPPORT THEIR GIGANTIC SIZE.

THIS DAILY QUEST IS THE
REASON WHY ELEPHANTS ARE

CONSTANTLY ON THE MOVE.

SOMETIMES IT'S TO FIND FRESH
WATER.

THE OTHER REASON FOR THEIR
CONSTANT MOVEMENT IS EQUALLY

AS SIMPLE, GRAZING.

GREAT SIZE MEANS A GREAT
THIRST, DRINKING 25 TO 50

GALLONS OF WATER PER DAY.

USUALLY, THEY ONLY DRINK
ONCE A DAY.

THIS IS ALSO AN OPPORTUNITY
FOR A SECOND ACTIVITY

DEDICATED TO PERSONAL
GROOMING.

ELEPHANTS ARE A SPECIES
WITHOUT SUDORIFEROUS GLANDS,

OR SWEAT GLANDS, BUT THEY
HAVE FOUND MUD TO BE THE

PERFECT SUBSTITUTE.

IT SOFTENS THE ELEPHANT'S
HIDE.

THE MUD DRIES ON THEIR SKIN
AND FORMS A CRUST WHICH WILL

PROTECT THEM FROM INSECTS
AND THE HEAT OF THE SUN.

WE'RE IN THE MIDDLE OF THE
DRY SEASON.

THE FOOD IS LESS NUTRITIOUS,
AND IT TAKES A LONG TIME TO

FUEL THIS ENORMOUS BULK,
TAKING UP TO 16 HOURS OF THE

ELEPHANT'S DAY.

THEY NEED TO EAT THE
EQUIVALENT OF FOUR TO SIX

PERCENT OF THEIR BODY
WEIGHT.

FOR AN ADULT MALE THIS BIG,
THIS MEANS AROUND 650 POUNDS

OF FOOD EVERY DAY.

ELEPHANTS NEED FOOD WHICH IS
EASILY AVAILABLE IN LARGE

QUANTITIES, SO IT'S NO
COINCIDENCE THAT THE WORLD'S

LARGEST LAND MAMMAL IS A
VEGETARIAN.

IN ORDER TO SATISFY THIS
NEED, BEING FUSSY IS NOT AN

OPTION.

ACCORDING TO THE LOCATION
AND THE SEASON, AN ELEPHANT

WILL EAT ANYTHING IT FINDS
AS LONG AS IT'S A PLANT.

IN THE PRESENT
CIRCUMSTANCES, DRY FOLIAGE

FITS THE BILL.

NEVERTHELESS, THESE
CREATURES HAVE A REFINED

PALATE AND HAVE CERTAIN
FAVORITE FOODS.

THEY PARTICULARLY LIKE THESE
BUTTERFLY-SHAPED TURPENTINE

TREE LEAVES AND BAOBAB WOOD.

IT'S ALWAYS SURPRISING TO
SEE THESE CREATURES, WHICH

MUST INGEST VAST AMOUNTS OF
FOOD, TAKE TIME AND GREAT

CARE OVER THEIR MEAL.

IF ANY PROOF WERE NEEDED OF
THEIR GARGANTUAN APPETITE,

ONE JUST HAS TO LOOK AROUND.

THE ELEPHANT SHARES AN
UNUSUAL PRIVILEGE WITH MAN.

THEIR BEHAVIOR CAN ALTER THE
LANDSCAPE, CHANGING A LUSH

SAVANNAH INTO AN ARID ONE.

HUMANS AND ELEPHANTS ALSO
SHARE ANOTHER COMMON TRAIT.

BOTH CAN SURVIVE IN ANY
HABITAT AS LONG AS THEY CAN

FIND WATER AND FOOD.

ELEPHANTS ARE VERSATILE
CREATURES.

THEY'RE NOT SPECIALISTS.

THEY'VE COLONIZED ALL
AVAILABLE ENVIRONMENTS WITH

THEIR ADAPTABILITY, MAKING
THEIR SURVIVAL SENSE AS

IMPRESSIVE AS THEIR
UNMATCHED SIZE.

COMING UP, THESE PRIMATES
ARE ON THE PROWL IN THE HOT

AFRICAN SUN, AND WE'LL SEE A
SHAPE-SHIFTING SWARM OF

PETITE PASSERINES.

PLUS, AN ANIMAL WHO CHANGES
HOME WHEN CHANGING DIETS.

ALL THIS NEXT ON "EARTH
ODYSSEY".

.

NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO THE
MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: NATURE CAN CHANGE
THE LANDSCAPE IN AN INSTANT.

A HABITAT CAN GO FROM LUSH
GREEN TO BONE DRY QUICKLY,

AND ANIMALS MUST BE
PREPARED.

THE HEAT CAN MEAN DANGEROUS
CONDITIONS, ESPECIALLY FOR

YOUNG ONES LIKE THIS BABY
BABOON.

SO FOR THIS TROOP, THE DAY'S
ROUTINE IS TAKING A

DIFFERENT TURN.

INSTEAD OF CASUALLY
EXPLORING THE FEW SQUARE

MILES OF THEIR HABITUAL
DOMAIN, THE BABOONS ARE

MOVING NORTH, CLEARLY ON A
MISSION.

THE SCARCITY OF RESOURCES
HAS SET THE CLAN ON A SMALL

MIGRATION.

BY LEAVING THEIR HOME OF THE
LARGE TREE, THE CLAN IS

TAKING A BIG RISK, BETTING
ON FINDING WHAT THEY'RE

HOPING FOR, BECAUSE OUT HERE
IN THIS NEW TERRITORY, THEY

KNOW NOTHING ABOUT THE NEW
PREDATORS, WHERE THEY HIDE,

OR THEIR HABITS.

ALWAYS VIGILANT, THE CHIEF
STAYS BEHIND THE TROOP AND

COVERS THE REAR.

AMONG THE HIGH GRASS,
VISIBILITY IS REDUCED, AND

THE MONKEYS HAVE TO CROSS
THIS SEA OF POTENTIAL DANGER.

THE CHIEF HAS TAKEN THE TASK
OF STANDING GUARD, WHICH IS

RARE.

USUALLY, THAT ROLE IS TAKEN
BY YOUNG MALES.

THAT'S THEIR WAY OF SHOWING
THAT THEY ARE USEFUL TO THE

TROOP, BUT THIS IS TOO
IMPORTANT FOR THE CHIEF TO

DELEGATE TODAY.

THE CROSSING IS OVER WITHOUT
TROUBLE, AND THE TROOP NOW

APPROACHES A ROCKY HILL, BUT
THE ARRIVAL OF THE CLAN HAS

NOT GONE UNNOTICED.

THIS SENTRY BELONGS TO
ANOTHER GROUP OF BABOONS,

THOSE WHO LIVE ON THE HILL.

WHETHER THEY ARE PEACEFUL OR
NOT REMAINS TO BE

DISCOVERED.

WITH A RIVAL TROOP ALREADY
MAKING CAMP HERE, THE CLAN

MUST CONTINUE THEIR SEARCH
SOMEWHERE ELSE.

THE JOURNEY MAY TAKE DAYS OF
GRUELING TRAVEL, BUT THEY

ARE DRIVEN BY THE HOPE OF
FINDING A NEW HOME, WHERE

THERE'S FOOD AND SAFETY FOR
ALL.

WHEN WE COME BACK, AIR
TRAFFIC IS AT AN ALL-TIME

HIGH WHEN THESE
TRAVELERS TAKE FLIGHT.

AND THIS ANTELOPE FAMILY ARE
GEARING UP TO GRAZE WHEN

"EARTH ODYSSEY" RETURNS.

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NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO THE
MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: THERE ARE A MYRIAD OF
REASONS THAT KEEP ANIMALS

MOVING ACROSS AFRICA'S
LANDSCAPES.

FOR QUELEAS, IT'S ALL ABOUT
WATER.

THEIR MIGRATION PATTERNS
CHASE THE RAIN AS IT

PROVIDES AN ABUNDANCE OF
THEIR FAVORITE FOODS AS WELL

AS THE PERFECT ENVIRONMENT
FOR BREEDING, AND WHAT

THEY'RE DOING IS WORKING.

RED-BILLED QUELEAS BOAST THE
LARGEST POPULATION OF WILD

BIRDS ON THE PLANET.

WHETHER TRAVELING OR
NESTING, IT SEEMS LIKE THEY

HAVE LIFE PRETTY WELL
FIGURED OUT.

STRENGTH IN NUMBERS IS A
SURVIVAL TACTIC ADOPTED BY

ANIMALS ACROSS THE WORLD.

MANY BIRDS LIVE IN GROUPS
AND SYNCHRONIZE THEIR

ACTIVITIES.

THE NUMBER STATISTICALLY
REDUCES THE RISK FOR EACH

INDIVIDUAL TO FALL VICTIM TO
A PREDATOR.

ONE BIRD SPECIES HAS CARRIED
THIS LOGIC TO ITS EXTREME,

THE QUELEA.

THIS CLOUD IS MADE UP OF
MORE THAN 100,000 BIRDS.

THEY MOVE IN AN
UNPREDICTABLE WAY LOOKING

FOR FOOD.

QUELEAS LIVE ON SEEDS, AND
IN DRY REGIONS LIKE THIS

ONE, FINDING THEIR FOOD IS
NOT EASY.

WHEN THEY DO FIND SOME, THEY
FLY IN, IN WAVES, READY FOR

A FEAST.

SO THAT ALL THE BIRDS GET
THEIR FAIR SHARE OF THE

FOOD, THE MAKEUP OF THE
CLOUDS CHANGES FOR EACH

FLIGHT.

BIRDS AT THE TAIL END GO TO
THE FRONT, SO THIS TIME,

THEY'LL BE THE FIRST TO
LAND.

THE SYNCHRONIZATION OF BIRDS
FLYING IN TIGHT FORMATION IS

ASTOUNDING.

IN FACT, EACH BIRD HAS
PERFECT MASTERY OF ITS

IMMEDIATE SPACE AND REACTS
WITHIN FRACTIONS OF A SECOND

TO ANY MOVE OF ITS NEIGHBOR.

INDIVIDUALLY, THE QUELEA IS
JUST A DULL-COLORED LITTLE

BIRD, BUT TOGETHER, QUELEAS
PROVIDE ONE OF THE MOST

FASCINATING SIGHTS IN THE
BIRD WORLD.

FOR EVERY AVIAN SPECIES,
FINDING WATER IS PARAMOUNT

TO SURVIVAL, ESPECIALLY
DURING AFRICA'S DRY SEASON.

THIS POND IS A GODSEND,
ATTRACTING A FEW MAMMALS AND

ALL SORTS OF BIRDS.

THESE GREY LOERIES ARE BEING
WATCHFUL.

THEY TAKE TURNS DRINKING.

THERE'S ALWAYS ONE ON THE
LOOKOUT.

THE CAPE TURTLE DOVES KNOW
ALL ABOUT IT.

THERE'S ALWAYS A JACKAL
WAITING FOR THEM AT THE

WATER HOLE.

SO THEY'VE ADOPTED A VERY
SIMPLE STRATEGY.

THEY COME TO DRINK IN
GROUPS, DISPERSING

THEMSELVES AROUND THE WATER
HOLE.

DISTRACTION AND
DISORIENTATION ARE POWERFUL

TOOLS IN KEEPING PREDATORS
AT BAY.

AFTER THE BREAK, THESE
ICONIC ANTELOPES ALWAYS

PREFER A SEASONAL MENU.

THERE'S LOTS MORE TO SEE
NEXT ON "EARTH ODYSSEY".

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NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO THE
MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: NOT EVERY ANIMAL ON
THE MOVE MAKES A MASSIVE

MIGRATION.

STAYING LOCAL CAN BE A
SURVIVAL TACTIC, MOVING ONLY

SHORT DISTANCES WHEN ON THE
HUNT FOR NEW GRAZING AREAS.

THE STEENBOK IS A PRIME
EXAMPLE...

...WHILE OTHERS SUBSCRIBE TO
THE MORE TRADITIONAL

LONG-DISTANCE MOVES.

WILDEBEEST ARE FAMOUS FOR
THEIR ANNUAL TREK AROUND THE

CONTINENT.

EVERY ANIMAL HAS THEIR OWN
WAY OF DOING THINGS, AND OF

COURSE, THEIR OWN LOOK...

...AS, FOR EXAMPLE, WITH THE
NYALAS.

THE MALE, WHICH IS MUCH
BIGGER, HAS AN ALMOST PLAIN

DARK COAT, WHEREAS THE
FEMALE'S HAIR IS LIGHTER AND

CLEARLY STRIPED.

THE COLOR OF THE COAT AND
THE MARKINGS HAVE PRECISE

FUNCTIONS, TO MAKE THE
ANIMAL AS INVISIBLE AS

POSSIBLE.

ANOTHER INTEREST CAMO LOOK
IS THAT OF THE BUSHBUCK, A

MEMBER OF THE ANTELOPE
FAMILY, AND HERE'S THE

FEMALE WITH HER LONG
EYELASHES THAT PROTECT HER

EYES FROM THE LEAVES AND
BRANCHES WHEN SHE'S

WANDERING IN THE
UNDERGROWTH.

THIS ANTELOPE HAS A VERY
SUBTLE COAT.

HER FUR OF ALTERNATING
DARKISH TONES IS PUNCTUATED

HERE AND THERE BY A FEW
WHITE MARKS AND SPOTS THAT

WE CAN ALSO FIND ON THE BODY
AND HEAD OF THE MALE.

THIS RATHER UNREMARKABLE
COAT HAS A MIRACULOUS EFFECT

IN THE UNDERGROWTH, WHERE
THE FUR OF THE BUSHBUCK

MELDS WITH THE LIGHT SHADE
OF THE FOLIAGE.

WHEN THE WIND IS FAVORABLE
FOR THE GAZELLE, EVEN LIONS

AND HYENAS HAVE BEEN SEEN TO
PASS WITHIN 30 FEET OF A

MOTIONLESS ANIMAL WITHOUT
NOTICING IT.

THE ABILITY TO ESCAPE FROM
PREDATORS IS ONE OF THE

FACTORS NECESSARY TO
ESTABLISH A HIERARCHY IN THE

GREAT FAMILY OF GAZELLES.

BUT WE ARE MORE LIKELY TO
REMEMBER THE SIZE OF THE

HORNS.

THE REDUNCA HORNS ARE ABOUT
A FOOT LONG, A RESPECTABLE

SIZE, BUT THAT'S NOTHING IN
COMPARISON WITH THOSE OF ITS

COUSIN, THE WATERBUCK, WHICH
GROW TO MORE THAN DOUBLE

THAT SIZE.

THE ABSOLUTE RECORD GOES TO
THIS ANTELOPE, THE GREATER

KUDU.

ONLY THE MALE HAS HORNS.

WHEN YOUNG, ITS HORNS ARE
SMALL AND STRAIGHT, BUT THEY

GROW INTO SPIRALS.

THEY WILL REACH THEIR
MAXIMUM SIZE WHEN THE ANIMAL

IS SIX YEARS OLD AND IS ABLE
TO REPRODUCE.

AT THAT POINT, THERE WILL BE
UP TO THREE SPIRALS FOR AN

AVERAGE LENGTH OF ABOUT FOUR
FEET.

THE RECORD IS JUST UNDER SIX
FEET.

AS THEY GROW, THE HORNS
GRADUALLY BRING ABOUT THE

ESTABLISHMENT OF A HIERARCHY
AMONG YOUNG RIVAL MALES.

BUT AT THE SAME TIME, THE
MORE THEY GROW, THE MORE

VULNERABLE THE KUDU BECOMES.

THEIR SIZE AND WEIGHT BECOME
A TERRIBLE HANDICAP, SLOWING

DOWN THE MALES IF THEY ARE
CHASED BY A PREDATOR.

IN FACT, THE LIFE EXPECTANCY
OF A FEMALE KUDU IS 14

YEARS, ALMOST DOUBLE THAT OF
MALES.

IN THE SAVANNAH, THE TITLE
OF CHAMPION IS ALWAYS VERY

RELATIVE.

IT'S OFTEN IN RELATION TO
THE GROUP.

WHAT IS MOST OFTEN AT STAKE
IS ACCESS TO THE FEMALES.

THE IMPALA HAS TO FACE A LOT
OF CONFLICTS FOR A HIERARCHY

TO BECOME CLEAR.

THE CANDIDATES FOR THE TITLE
OF LEADER OF THE HERD

CONFRONT EACH OTHER IN
SINGLE COMBAT.

IT'S A KNOCKOUT COMPETITION.

THEIR IMPRESSIVE HORNS ARE
NO MERE ORNAMENTS, BUT A

DECIDING FACTOR IN WHO WILL
BE CROWNED CHAMPION AND RULE

THEIR DOMAIN.

THANK YOU FOR JOINING US TO
SEE SOME OF EARTH'S MOST

MAGNIFICENT MIGRATORS.

IT'S NOT JUST ABOUT THE
DISTANCE TRAVELED WHEN IT

COMES TO MOVING AROUND.

IT'S ABOUT MAKING THE MOST
OF THE JOURNEY.

WHETHER FOR FOOD, WATER,
WARMER WEATHER, OR BETTER

BREEDING GROUNDS, EACH
ANIMAL KNOWS HOW TO TAKE

FULL ADVANTAGE OF THEIR TIME
ON THE ROAD AND PASSES ALONG

THEIR TRAVEL TIPS TO THE
NEXT GENERATION.

WE'LL SEE YOU FOR ANOTHER
EPISODE OF "EARTH ODYSSEY".

[MUSIC]