All language subtitles for Earth.Odyssey.With.Dylan.Dreyer.S05E22.1080p.WEB.h264-DiRT_track3_[eng]

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NARRATOR: WHEN YOU SEE THIS
SYMBOL, YOU KNOW YOU'RE

WATCHING TELEVISION THAT IS
EDUCATIONAL AND INFORMATIONAL.

THE MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: HI THERE, I'M DYLAN
DREYER, AND WE ARE TAKING FLIGHT

ON TODAY'S EPISODE OF "EARTH
ODYSSEY".

TODAY, WE'RE SOARING THROUGH THE
EARTH'S SKIES FOR A LOOK AT THE

FEATHERED WONDERS OF THE WORLD,
LIKE THIS STUNNING EXAMPLE OF

BEAK BEAUTY.

IN CENTRAL AMERICA, WE'LL SEE
SOME PLUMAGE AS COLORFUL AS IT

IS RARE.

AND LATER, A BIRD THAT NEVER HAS
A PROBLEM STAYING GROUNDED.

BUT FIRST, WE HEAD FOR THE
AFRICAN SAVANNAH, WHERE THESE

SWIFT WATER SKIMMERS ARE
CONSIDERED FISHING ROYALTY.

GET READY FOR AN AVIAN ADVENTURE
ON "EARTH ODYSSEY".

[MUSIC]

SPEED, STRENGTH, AND SHARP
SENSES ARE VALUABLE TOOLS FOR

ANY ANIMAL HOPING TO SURVIVE IN
THE WILD; HOWEVER, THEIR

APPEARANCE CAN PLAY AN EQUALLY
CRITICAL ROLE, ESPECIALLY AMONG

OUR FEATHERED FRIENDS.

A BIRD'S PLUMAGE CAN WARD OFF
PREDATORS, CAMOUFLAGE THEM IN

THEIR ENVIRONMENT, AND BE THEIR
BEST CHANCE AT FINDING A MATE.

SO FOR THE AVIAN POPULATION,
KNOWING HOW TO TAKE CARE OF

ONE'S LOOKS IS CRUCIAL; HOWEVER,
NOT EVERYONE'S METHOD

IS THE SAME.

A LITTLE SELF-CARE IN THE WILD
NEVER GOES UNAPPRECIATED.

IN FACT, GROOMING IS A KEY
COMPONENT OF THE DAILY ROUTINE,

AND THESE PIED KINGFISHERS ARE
NO EXCEPTION.

THESE BIRDS FLY VERY FAST,
SKIMMING THE SURFACE OF THE

WATER, OFTEN FLITTING FROM ONE
FISHING SPOT TO ANOTHER BECAUSE

THEY EAT NOTHING BUT FISH.

WHEN THE KINGFISHER THRASHES ITS
PREY TO MAKE IT EASIER TO

SWALLOW, THE BIRD'S FEATHERS GET
COVERED IN MUCOUS.

SO, ONCE IT HAS FINISHED ITS
MEAL, IT AUTOMATICALLY RETURNS

TO THE WATER TO TAKE A BATH.

THE SAME PLUMAGE CONCERNS AND
THE SAME BEHAVIOR APPLY TO THE

WOODLAND KINGFISHER, WHICH DIVES
TIME AND TIME AGAIN.

BIRDS ARE GREAT BATHERS.

IT'S A WAY FOR THEM TO KEEP COOL
AND HELP KEEP

THEIR FEATHERS CLEAN.

KEEPING THEIR FEATHERS IN GOOD
CONDITION IS SO IMPORTANT FOR

BIRDS, THAT THEY DEVOTE A LARGE
PROPORTION OF THEIR TIME TO IT.

EACH SPECIES HAS ITS OWN WAY OF
GOING ABOUT THIS.

FRANCOLINS FAVOR DUST BATHS.

THIS MARABOU STORK IS DOING
SOMETHING THAT ALL THE BIRDS DO.

IT IS METICULOUSLY PUTTING ITS
FEATHERS, ONE-BY-ONE,

BACK IN PLACE.

YELLOW-BILLED STORKS GO AS FAR
AS TAKING CARE OF

ONE ANOTHER'S PLUMAGE.

TO GET THOSE HARDER-TO-REACH
FEATHERS, ONE NEEDS

THE HELP OF A FRIEND.

THESE BIRDS USE THEIR LONG BEAKS
WITH REMARKABLE SKILL.

THIS MUTUAL COOPERATION IS ALSO
SEEN AMONG SPECKLED MOUSEBIRDS.

THEY LIVE IN SMALL FAMILY GROUPS
WHERE THE BIRDS ARE PHYSICALLY

VERY CLOSE TO EACH OTHER.

THEY ALSO DISPLAY AN UNUSUAL
RITUAL.

THE BIRDS FEED EACH OTHER
WITHOUT ANY CONTEXT OF SEDUCTION

OR FEEDING OF CHICKS.

AS THE SUN RISES, BIRDS ARE
ALWAYS THE FIRST

TO BECOME ACTIVE.

THE MARABOU STORK LEAVES ITS
PERCH.

THE BLACKSMITH PLOVERS STRETCH
THEIR WINGS

WITH A WARMUP FLIGHT.

THIS FAMILY OF EGYPTIAN GEESE
HAS SPENT THE NIGHT TOGETHER,

BUT NOW IT'S TIME FOR THE CHICKS
TO WAKE UP AND LEAVE THE WARMTH

OF THEIR MOTHER'S FEATHERS,
READY FOR ANOTHER

DAY IN THE WILD.

WHEN WE COME BACK, WE'LL MEET A
BIRD WITH A ONE-OF-A-KIND BILL

AND THE SYMBOL OF WEALTH FROM
ANCIENT MAYAN AZTEC LORE.

PLUS, A SPEED SPECIALIST ON THE
AFRICAN SAVANNAH,

NEXT ON "EARTH ODYSSEY".

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NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO THE
MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: IN NATURE, THERE ARE
VERY FEW ANIMALS THAT AS VARIED

COLOR SCHEMES AS BIRDS.

SOME ARE COMPLETELY WHITE, LIKE
THESE CATTLE EGRETS...

...WHILE OTHERS HAVE BRIGHT
COLORS, LIKE THE RED BREAST OF

THE GROUND HORNBILL THAT
CONTRASTS WITH THE DEEP BLACK OF

ITS PLUMAGE.

TO BEGIN WITH, ALL FEATHERS ARE
WHITE, BUT OVER TIME, A COATING

OF MELANIN GIVES BIRDS LIKE THE
LESSER GRAY SHRIKE,

THE FORKED DRONGO,

AND THE STARLING THEIR
PATENTED BLACK PIGMENT.

THE SAME IS TRUE FOR THE PLUMAGE
OF SADDLE-BILLED STORKS.

THIS LARGE BIRD MEASURES ALMOST
FIVE FEET TALL, AND THE MALE AND

FEMALE ARE ALMOST IDENTICAL.

BUT TWO DETAILS SHOW THAT THIS
IS A MALE.

FIRST, ITS EYE IS BLACK, WHEREAS
IN THE FEMALE,

THE EYE IS YELLOW.

ALSO, THE TWO LITTLE SHREDS OF
YELLOW SKIN HANGING FROM THE

BASE OF HIS BEAK INDICATE HE IS
IN THE REPRODUCTIVE PERIOD.

BUT IT'S NOT JUST PIGMENTS THAT
GIVE BIRDS

THEIR BEAUTIFUL COLORS.

SOMETIMES IT CAN BE A TRICK OF
THE LIGHT.

WITH BEE-EATERS, IT'S OFTEN A
COMBINATION OF BOTH.

LIKE MANY BIRDS, WHEN THEY ARE
YOUNG, SOUTHERN CARMINE

BEE-EATERS HAVE DULLER PLUMAGE.

IT'S ONLY THE ADULTS THAT HAVE
THIS LONG TAIL

AND VIBRANT COLORS.

BEE-EATERS HAVE DIFFERENT
PLUMAGES ACCORDING

TO THE SPECIES.

THE WHITE-FRONTED BEE-EATER HAS
A GREEN BACK, YELLOW BELLY, AND

A RED THROAT...

...WHEREAS THE EUROPEAN
BEE-EATER, WHICH WINTERS IN

AFRICA, HAS A BLUE BELLY.

ITS THROAT IS YELLOW AND ITS
BACK GOLDEN.

WHILE THEY MAY LOOK DIFFERENT,
ALL BEE-EATERS HAVE THE SAME

HUNTING TECHNIQUE.

THEY LAND ON A BRANCH TO OBSERVE
INSECTS PASSING AROUND THEM.

AND WHEN THEY HAVE LOCATED PREY,
THEY LAUNCH AN ATTACK, TRYING TO

CATCH THE INSECTS ON THE WING.

IF THERE ARE A LOT OF BEETLES IN
ONE PLACE, IT SUGGESTS IT'S A

GOOD HUNTING GROUND.

A SINGLE BIRD CAN MAKE SEVERAL
HUNDRED FLIGHTS A DAY.

IT'S THOUGHT THAT ONLY ABOUT ONE
IN THREE IS PRODUCTIVE.

BEES AND WASPS MAKE UP MOST OF
THE CATCH.

ONCE BACK ON ITS PERCH, IT'S
FINALLY TIME FOR A MOMENT'S REST

IN ORDER TO ENJOY A WELL-EARNED
SNACK.

COMING UP, ONE OF CENTRAL
AMERICA'S MOST COLORFUL

CHARACTERS AND AN AFRICAN NATIVE

NOT CLEARED FOR TAKEOFF.

BUT FIRST, IT'S TIME FOR
WILDLIFE A TO Z.

FOR VULNERABLE OR ENDANGERED
SPECIES AROUND THE GLOBE,

ACCREDITED ZOOS AND AQUARIUMS
CAN BE INSTRUMENTAL

IN THEIR PROTECTION.

THESE HUMBOLDT PENGUINS ARE A
PERFECT EXAMPLE.

AT TWO FEET TALL, THESE
BLACK-AND-WHITE BEAUTIES ARE

CAREFULLY LOOKED AFTER TO ENSURE
THAT THEY ARE THRIVING

IN THEIR HABITAT.

BUT THE WORK DOESN'T STOP THERE.

FOR THE LAST 16 YEARS,
BROOKFIELD ZOO HAS PARTNERED

WITH THE PUNTA SAN JUAN PROGRAM
IN PERU TO HELP DEEPEN OUR

KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING OF
THIS VULNERABLE SPECIES,

MAKING SURE THEY CONTINUE TO
PROSPER NOT JUST IN THE ZOO,

BUT IN THE SOUTH AMERICAN WILD.

STAY TUNED.

THERE'S MORE "EARTH ODYSSEY"
RIGHT AFTER THIS.

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NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO THE
MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: WELCOME BACK.

I'M HERE AT BROOKFIELD ZOO ALONG
WITH DR. MIKE ADKESSON.

DR. MIKE, I'M SO CURIOUS ABOUT
THE COLORS WE SEE IN THE WILD.

WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO BE BRIGHT
AND COLORFUL?

DR. ADKESSON: YEAH, SO BEING
BRIGHT AND FLASHY CAN OFTEN HELP

YOU FIND OTHER ANIMALS THAT ARE
THE SAME AS YOU.

SO, YOU STAND OUT.

IT'S EASY TO IDENTIFY THE OTHER
ANIMALS THAT

ARE THE SAME SPECIES.

IT'S ALSO HELPFUL FOR FINDING A
MATE.

SO, THE BRIGHTER AND THE
FLASHIER YOU ARE, FOR MANY

ANIMALS, THE MORE LIKELY YOU ARE
TO FIND A PARTNER.

DYLAN: WHEN I THINK OF BRIGHT,
COLORFUL ANIMALS, I THINK OF

BIRDS, ESPECIALLY IN THE
TROPICS.

WHY DO WE FIND SOME OF OUR MOST
VIBRANT COLORS THERE?

DR. ADKESSON: FOR THOSE TROPICAL
ANIMALS, THOSE BRIGHT COLORS CAN

REALLY STAND OUT AGAINST THE
BACKGROUND OF THE GREEN JUNGLE.

DYLAN: THAT'S SO INTERESTING,
DR. MIKE.

THANK YOU SO MUCH.

NOW BACK TO OUR SHOW.

NO MATTER WHAT COLOR PLUMAGE A
BIRD MAY HAVE, STANDING OUT IN

ONE OF THE WORLD'S GREATEST
REGIONS OF BIODIVERSITY IS A

TRUE TESTAMENT TO ORIGINALITY.

AND IN THE HEART OF THESE COSTA
RICAN FORESTS LIVES A BIRD OF

MYTH AND LEGEND WHO DOES JUST
THAT,

THE MAGNIFICENT QUETZAL.

THE ANCIENT AZTECS PLACED MORE
VALUE ON ITS FEATHERS THAN THEY

DID ON GOLD OR EMERALDS.

ONLY THE GODS AND THE EMPEROR
WORE THEM.

THE REMARKABLE TAILFEATHERS CAN
FORM A TRAIN NEARLY

THREE FEET LONG.

THESE ONLY OCCUR ON ADULT MALES.

THOSE LESS THAN THREE YEARS OLD
MUST WAIT.

THE FEMALES ARE MORE DISCREET.

ALTHOUGH THEIR PLUMAGE IS LESS
VARIED, IT IS

STILL BEAUTIFULLY IRIDESCENT.

LIKE THE SCALES ON THE WINGS OF
A BUTTERFLY, THE FEATHERS OF THE

QUETZAL CHANGE COLOR DEPENDING
UPON THE LIGHT AND THE ANGLE

FROM WHICH THEY ARE OBSERVED.

BEING AN UNUSUAL BIRD, IT'S NO
SURPRISE THE QUETZAL HAS SOME

UNUSUAL BEHAVIORS.

HERE'S THE PROOF.

THESE BIRDS MIGRATE, BUT
VERTICALLY.

NORMALLY LIVING AT AN ALTITUDE
OF ALMOST 4,000 FEET, EVERY

YEAR, THEY FLY UP TO
ONE-AND-A-HALF MILES TO

REPRODUCE IN THE CLOUD FOREST.

THIS SEASONAL EVENT IS RELATED
TO THE FRUITING OF THE SPECIES

THAT IT EATS.

THERE ARE ABOUT 40 TYPES OF
FRUITING TREES ON ITS MENU,

AND THE AGUACATILLOS, A TYPE OF
WILD AVOCADO, IS

ONE OF ITS FAVORITES.

THESE TREES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH
ANOTHER UNUSUAL CHARACTERISTIC

OF THIS BIRD, ITS FEEDING
HABITS.

THE QUETZAL IS A BIRD THAT
ORDINARILY NEVER

TOUCHES THE GROUND.

IN RELATIVE PROPORTION TO ITS
MASS, IT HAS THE SMALLEST FEET

OF ANY SPECIES OF BIRD.

THIS PECULIARITY IS SOMEWHAT
COMPENSATED FOR BY A 40 PERCENT

INCREASE IN MUSCLES FOR FLYING.

WHEN EATING AVOCADOS, THE
QUETZAL USES A VERY ORIGINAL

FEEDING METHOD.

IT GRABS ITS FOOD WHILE IN
FLIGHT.

AND WITH ITS BEAK WIDE OPEN, IT
GRABS THE FRUIT AND RIPS IT FROM

THE TREE.

MISSION ACCOMPLISHED.

BUT WHAT HAPPENS NEXT IS EVEN
MORE PECULIAR.

NO CHEWING.

NO TEARING.

THE SPOILS ARE SWALLOWED WHOLE.

THE AVOCADOS VARY IN SIZE, AND
THE SHREWD EYE OF THE QUETZAL IS

ATTRACTED TO THE LARGEST FRUITS.

ITS MANDIBLES WHICH FORM THE
BEAK AND ITS CLAVICLES CALLED

THE FURCULA IN BIRDS ARE HIGHLY
FLEXIBLE.

THIS ALLOWS THE QUETZAL TO
SWALLOW

PARTICULARLY LARGE FRUITS.

YET IN SPITE OF ALL ITS EFFORTS,
CERTAIN DRUPES ARE JUST TOO

LARGE TO SWALLOW.

EVEN FOR THESE EXPERT EATERS,
SOMETIMES THE EYES ARE BIGGER

THAN THE STOMACH.

WHEN WE RETURN, A BULKY BIRD
BUILT TO SPRINT, NOT SOAR.

THIS AND SO MUCH MORE COMING UP
ON "EARTH ODYSSEY".

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NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO THE
MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: WHILE TAKING FLIGHT IS
WHAT MOST OF US THINK OF WHEN WE

HEAR THE WORD "BIRD", THERE ARE
A FEW EXCEPTIONS TO THE RULE.

IF IT HAS A BEAK, WINGS,
FEATHERS, AND IT LAYS EGGS, THEN

THERE CAN BE NO QUESTION IT'S A
BIRD.

AND THE OSTRICH IS JUST THAT, A
BIRD AND ONE OF

AFRICA'S MOST ICONIC SPECIES.

THE WORLD'S OLDEST AND LARGEST
BIRD, THE OSTRICH CAN WEIGH MORE

THAN 200 POUNDS.

IT'S ESTIMATED TO BE SEVEN TIMES
TOO HEAVY TO BE ABLE TO FLY.

IT WOULD NEED 60 POUNDS OF
MUSCLES TO WORK ITS WINGS.

ON THE OTHER HAND, THERE
WOULDN'T BE ENOUGH ROOM ON ITS

SKELETON FOR THE FLIGHT MUSCLES.

IT DOESN'T HAVE THE BONY RIDGE
ON THE STERNUM

THAT OTHER BIRDS HAVE.

WHEN IT DRINKS, THE OSTRICH
SHOWS ITSELF TO BE A BIRD LIKE

ANY OTHER.

LIKE ALL BIRDS, IT USES ITS BEAK
AS A SCOOP.

THE OSTRICH DRINKS ONLY A LITTLE
WITH EACH BEAKFUL.

TO QUENCH ITS THIRST, IT HAS TO
KEEP AT IT.

THIS DOES HAVE AN ADVANTAGE.

THE BIRD HAS TIME TO KEEP AN EYE
ON ITS SURROUNDINGS.

THERE IS ONE BIRD, THOUGH, THAT
DRINKS DIFFERENTLY FROM OTHERS.

THAT'S THE KORI BUSTARD.

IT RIVALS THE EUROPEAN BUSTARD
FOR THE TITLE OF

LARGEST FLYING BIRD.

SINKING DOWN ON THE LOWER PART
OF THE LEGS, THEY SWALLOW WATER

IN LONG GULPS.

IT'S A UNIQUE WAY FOR A BIRD TO
DRINK.

BUSTARDS ARE SOLITARY, OR LIVE
WITH ONE OR

TWO OTHER INDIVIDUALS.

HERE ARE TWO MALES, TWO LARGE
BIRDS MORE THAN THREE FEET TALL.

THEY WEIGH ABOUT 35 POUNDS.

THE FEMALES WEIGH HALF THAT, BUT
THEY HAVE THE SAME PLUMAGE, ALL

IN SHADES OF GRAY AND BEIGE THAT
BLEND PERFECTLY WITH ROCKS,

DRIED GRASSES, AND DEAD WOOD.

CAMOUFLAGE IS VITAL TO A BIRD
THAT RARELY FLIES AND SPENDS

MOST OF ITS LIFE ON THE GROUND.

EVERY AVIAN FLYING, SWIMMING, OR
RUNNING HAS A UNIQUE METHOD OF

SURVIVAL THAT IS ON FULL DISPLAY
IN EARTH'S WILDEST ENVIRONMENTS.

EVERY CLASS OF CREATURE BRINGS
THEIR OWN STYLE TO THE ANIMAL

KINGDOM, AND FEW HAVE THE
VARIETY OF SHAPES AND COLORS

THAT BIRDS DO.

FROM CITY-DWELLING SURVIVALISTS
LIKE PIGEONS AND PARAKEETS TO

RARE, EXOTIC STANDOUTS LIKE THE
QUETZAL, THE BEAUTY AND

ADAPTABILITY OF BIRDS ARE ON
FULL DISPLAY FOR US TO

APPRECIATE ALL ACROSS THE
PLANET.

THANKS FOR COMING ALONG ON
TODAY'S AVIAN ADVENTURE.

WE'LL SEE YOU NEXT TIME ON
"EARTH ODYSSEY".

[MUSIC]