All language subtitles for Earth.Odyssey.With.Dylan.Dreyer.S05E19.1080p.WEB.h264-DiRT_track3_[eng]

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NARRATOR: WHEN YOU SEE THIS
SYMBOL, YOU KNOW YOU'RE

WATCHING TELEVISION THAT IS
EDUCATIONAL AND INFORMATIONAL.

THE MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: OH, HA HA, I'M DYLAN
DREYER HERE AT BROOKFIELD ZOO

AND YOU'RE WATCHING "EARTH
ODYSSEY."

TODAY, WE'RE CRUISING THE OCEAN
FLOOR FOR A LOOK AT SOME TRULY

CURIOUS CRUSTACEANS LIKE THIS
COLORFUL CHARACTER THAT'S NOT AS

DELICATE AS IT SOUNDS.

AND A SUPER SMALL SPECIES WITH A
BIG-TIME IMPACT.

PLUS, A CAMOUFLAGE CONNOISSEUR
THAT'S ALWAYS IN FASHION.

BUT FIRST, WE START OUR JOURNEY
WITH A LOOK IN AT AN UNDERWATER

DWELLER WITH ITS OWN 3D GLASSES.

ALL OF THIS AND MORE COMING UP
ON "EARTH ODYSSEY".

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: IT OFTEN GOES OVERLOOKED
JUST

HOW DIVERSE CRUSTACEANS ARE.

THERE ARE GIANTS, LIKE THE
JAPANESE SPIDER CRAB MEASURING

12 FEET FROM CLAW TO LEG.

OTHERS CAN LIVE MILES BELOW THE
OCEAN SURFACE,

COMBATING EXTREME PRESSURE.

THEN, THERE ARE A RARE FEW LIKE
WOODLICE THAT SKIP AQUATIC LIFE

ALTOGETHER, MAKING THEIR HOME IN
THE TREES.

EACH OF THESE CREATURES ALL HAVE
FOUND THEIR OWN NICHE WITHIN THE

WILD, YET ARE TIED TOGETHER BY
ONE UNIQUE ATTRIBUTE.

TAKE A LOOK.

OUT OF THE APPROXIMATELY 50,000
SPECIES OF CRUSTACEANS, THEY ALL

SHARE ONE DEFINING
CHARACTERISTIC THAT ALSO MAKES

THEM SO UNIQUE; THEIR EXTERNAL
SKELETON; MORE COMMONLY REFERRED

TO AS A SHELL OR CARAPACE.

IN FACT, THEY GOT THEIR NAME
FROM THIS CARAPACE BECAUSE THE

WORD "CRUSTACEAN" COMES FROM THE
LATIN CRUSTA, WHICH MEANS CRUST,

OR, HARD SHELL.

THIS HARD EXTERIOR IS NOT MADE
OF ONE SOLID PIECE, AS THIS

WOULD MEAN THEY COULDN'T MOVE.

MOVEMENT IS POSSIBLE THANKS TO
THE ARTICULATION BETWEEN THE

DIFFERENT PARTS.

BUT IF THIS SHELL IS RIGID, HOW
DO THEY GROW?

MOLTING.

MOLTING IS THE PROCESS BY WHICH
THEY GROW AND WHAT MAY LOOK LIKE

JUST A DEAD CRUSTACEAN IS IN
FACT AN EMPTY SHELL BEING

CARRIED ALONG BY THE WAVES.

[MUSIC AND UNDERWATER SOUNDS]

DYLAN: MOLTING INVOLVES THE
SHEDDING OF THE OLD SHELL AND

REGENERATION OF THE NEW ONE.

CRUSTACEANS MOLT BECAUSE THEIR
OLD SHELL HAS BECOME TOO SMALL.

SO, IT HAPPENS FREQUENTLY WHEN
AN ANIMAL IS YOUNG, AND THEN

LESS SO AS IT GROWS OLDER.

IT IS ALMOST IMPOSSIBLE TO
OBSERVE A CRUSTACEAN MOLTING

BECAUSE IT USUALLY OCCURS WHEN
NO ONE IS LOOKING--

AT NIGHTFALL.

THEY USE THE COVER OF DARKNESS
TO HIDE SINCE THEY ARE

ESPECIALLY VULNERABLE.

BEING ABLE TO SEE THE MOLTING
PROCESS IS EXCEPTIONALLY RARE.

SHOT IN AN ARTIFICIAL
ENVIRONMENT, THIS RECORDING

CATCHES THE ENTIRE PROCESS.

FIRST, THE OLD SHELL BECOMES
DETACHED.

THEN, THE ANIMAL BEGINS TO SHED
IT.

SHEDDING OCCURS THANKS TO THE
ANIMAL'S TYPICAL BEHAVIOR.

IT MOVES RHYTHMICALLY AND
INFLATES ITS BODY AS MUCH AS

POSSIBLE, OFTEN BY SWALLOWING
WATER.

THE OLD SHELL TEARS ALONG THE
WEAKEST POINTS AND THE ANIMAL'S

MOVEMENTS ENABLE IT TO SHED THE
OLD SHELL AND STRETCH THE NEW

SHELL FULLY.

AFTER MOLTING, THE ANIMAL IS
SOFT, AND THEREFORE, IT'S EASY

PREY FOR PREDATORS.

IT TAKE SEVERAL DAYS FOR THE NEW
SHELL TO HARDEN AND FORM A

PROTECTIVE LAYER.

MOLTING ENABLES CRUSTACEANS TO
REGENERATE MISSING LIMBS.

IN OTHER WORDS, THEIR LEGS CAN
GROW BACK.

ALL THAT THIS WOUNDED LITTLE
CRUSTACEAN HAS TO DO IS WAIT FOR

THE NEXT MOLT TO REGAIN THE USE
OF ALL ITS LIMBS.

MOST CRUSTACEANS HAVE EYES, AND
SOME OF THEM

DESERVE SPECIAL ATTENTION.

[MUSIC AND UNDERWATER SOUNDS]

DYLAN: THEIR EYES HAVE MANY
FACETS;

SOMETIMES SEVERAL HUNDRED.

THEY DON'T HAVE KEEN VISION, BUT
THEIR EYES MOVE QUICKLY, WHICH

ENABLES THEM TO DETECT MOVING
SHAPES.

SOME DEEP-SEA SPECIES WHICH LIVE
IN TOTAL DARKNESS HAVE PRICKLES

INSTEAD OF EYES.

THE MANTIS SHRIMP HAS THE BEST
EYESIGHT IN THE MARINE WORLD AND

MAYBE EVEN THE ANIMAL KINGDOM.

ITS EYES PIVOT INDEPENDENTLY AND
WILL ALLOW IT TO SEE

IN EVERY DIRECTION.

EACH EYE IS DIVIDED INTO 3
SECTIONS; EACH

WITH ITS OWN PUPIL.

THIS EYE SEES THE SHAPE,
DISTANCE AND DEPTH OF OBJECTS.

IT'S BASICALLY 3D VISION, AND
ONE OF THE MOST IMPRESSIVE

ADAPTATIONS IN THE WILD.

COMING UP, A TROPICAL NATIVE
WITH THE ULTIMATE

FOOD FILTERING SYSTEM.

LATER, DON'T BLINK OR YOU MIGHT
MISS THIS CORAL-LOVING CROWD.

AND A CRUSTACEAN THAT PROVES YOU
ARE WHAT YOU EAT.

THIS AND MORE WHEN "EARTH
ODYSSEY" RETURNS.

.

NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO THE
MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: MOVEMENT AMONG
CRUSTACEANS IS CERTAINLY A

UNIQUE ENDEAVOR.

THEY MOVE MAINLY THANKS TO THEIR
APPENDAGES, OR LEGS.

IT'S JERKY, SLIGHTLY UNBALANCED,
AND NOT VERY ELEGANT.

[ADVENTUROUS MUSIC]

DYLAN: BUT THESE LEGS AREN'T
JUST MADE FOR WALKING.

THEY CAN ALSO BE USED FOR
SWIMMING.

THAT'S THE CASE WITH SHRIMP.

THEY SWIM SO QUICKLY AND
ELEGANTLY THAT IT LOOKS AS IF

THEY'RE FLYING.

[ADVENTUROUS MUSIC]

DYLAN: THE LEGS ALSO SERVE AS
PINCERS.

AS WELL AS ITS HUGE CLAWS, THE
PORCELAIN CRAB HAS MORE

SOPHISTICATED APPENDAGES.

LIKE NETS, IT UNFURLS ITS
FEATHERY, FAN-LIKE MOUTH PARTS.

THIS INGENIOUS SYSTEM ENABLES IT
TO FILTER THE PLANKTON

IT FEEDS ON.

THESE DIFFERENT FUNCTIONS HAVE
ONE PURPOSE; FEEDING.

MOST CRUSTACEANS ARE
CARNIVOROUS, EVEN THOUGH ALGAE

SOMETIMES ENTERS THEIR DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM.

THEY ARE OFTEN OPPORTUNISTIC AND
EAT DEAD AS WELL AS LIVE PREY.

THE SMALLEST FEED ON PLANKTON OR
DECOMPOSING PARTICLES.

POWERFULLY-ARMED, THE LARGEST
PREFER LIVE PREY LIKE

FISH, OR MOLLUSKS.

HOWEVER, CRUSTACEANS ARE
CONSUMMATE SURVIVORS, EVEN WHEN

FOOD IS SCARCE.

SOME, SUCH AS LOBSTERS, ARE ABLE
TO SURVIVE WITHOUT FOOD FOR

SEVERAL MONTHS.

ONE MORE REASON THIS FASCINATING
CLASS OF ANIMALS HAS BEEN ABLE

TO ROAM THE EARTH FOR MILLIONS
OF YEARS.

WHEN WE RETURN, THERE'S A
FEEDING FRENZY

ALONG THIS CORAL REEF.

PLUS, WE'LL MEET A SHRIMP WHOSE
PERSONAL STYLE MATCHES

ITS HOME DECOR.

BUT FIRST, IT'S TIME FOR
WILDLIFE A-Z.

ALL OVER THE WORLD, TEAMS OF
DEDICATED VETERINARY

PROFESSIONALS WORK AROUND THE
CLOCK TO ENSURE THAT ANIMALS

LIVING IN CURATED ENVIRONMENTS
ARE NOT JUST

WELL CARED FOR, BUT THRIVING.

THEIR HEALTHCARE IS A LOT LIKE
OUR OWN; ANNUAL CHECKUPS,

PREVENTATIVE MEDICINE AND IF ANY
PROBLEMS ARISE, SURGEONS AND

EMERGENCY PROFESSIONALS ARE
THERE TO SAVE THEIR LIVES.

FROM PHYSICAL THERAPY TO
ULTRASOUNDS, DAILY VITAMINS TO

ADVANCED MEDICINE, VETERINARY
STAFF LIKE HERE AT BROOKFIELD

ZOO'S ANIMAL HOSPITAL ARE VITAL
IN KEEPING THESE ANIMAL ICONS IN

TIP-TOP HEALTH.

STAY TUNED, THERE'S MORE "EARTH
ODYSSEY" RIGHT AFTER THIS.

.

NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO THE
MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: WELCOME BACK.

WE ARE HERE AT BROOKFIELD ZOO
AND I'M JOINED BY DR. MIKE

ADKESSON AND OUR VERY LARGE,
EXTRA SPECIAL GUEST,

KIINAQ THE GRAY SEAL.

AND YOU KNOW, WE'RE SO USED TO
SEEING THESE ANIMALS FORTUNATELY

AT ORGANIZATIONS LIKE BROOKFIELD
ZOO.

BUT THEY LIVE IN THE WILD TOO.

SO, HOW DO ORGANIZATIONS LIKE
YOURS FOCUS ON CONSERVATION?

DR. MIKE: KIINAQ IS A WONDERFUL
AMBASSADOR FOR HIS COUNTERPARTS

IN THE WILD.

HE WAS STRANDED AS A PUP AND WAS
NON-RELEASABLE BACK

INTO THE WILD BECAUSE OF SOME
DAMAGE TO HIS MOUTH.

SO, HE'S HERE AT THE ZOO TO TELL
THE STORY OF PROTECTING THESE

ANIMALS IN THE WILD AND ALL THE
INCREDIBLE CONSERVATION WORK

THAT WE DO.

DYLAN: DR. MIKE, THANK YOU SO
MUCH.

DR. MIKE: YOU'RE WELCOME.

DYLAN: ALRIGHT, BACK TO OUR
SHOW.

IT'S NOT JUST MAJESTIC MARINE
MAMMALS THAT MAKE OUR OCEANS

TRULY SPECIAL.

THIS MAY SEEM LIKE JUST A TANGLE
OF THREADS, BUT ACTUALLY, IT'S A

LIVING CLUSTER.

THEY BELONG TO A GROUP OF THE
OCEAN'S MOST UNIQUE CREATURES;

CRUSTACEANS.

IF WE TAKE A CLOSER LOOK, WE CAN
SEE IT'S A SKELETON SHRIMP WITH

A WHOLE BROOD CLINGING TO IT.

THESE TINY BABIES ARE WRIGGLING
ALL OVER THE PLACE.

AFTER THE MALES FERTILIZE THE
EGGS, THE FEMALES CARRY THESE

BABY SHRIMP THROUGH TO BIRTH.

AND AS THERE IS NO LARVAL STAGE
IN SKELETON SHRIMPS, IT'S VERY

LIKELY THAT THESE MINI CREATURES
HAVE JUST BEEN BORN.

LIKE MANY OTHER CRUSTACEANS,
SKELETON SHRIMPS ARE MINISCULE,

BUT NO LESS CAPTIVATING.

IN THE LAND OF LILLIPUTIANS,
THERE ARE REALLY TINY CREATURES

LIKE THIS MINI-CRAB, LOST AMONG
THE GRAINS OF SAND, WHICH WE CAN

ONLY SEE BECAUSE IT'S MOVING ITS
EYES.

[ADVENTUROUS MUSIC]

DYLAN: BARELY BIGGER, THIS ONE
EXTRICATES ITSELF EASILY AND

ELEGANTLY FROM ITS HIDING PLACE,
WHICH IT HURRIES BACK INTO;

PROBABLY FRIGHTENED BY THE NOISE
OF THE WORLD OUTSIDE.

THIS CRAB, HIDING IN THE CORAL,
SEEMS VERY AT EASE IN THIS

NARROW SHELTER AND GOES ABOUT
ITS BUSINESS WITHOUT FEAR.

NOT MUCH BIGGER THAN THE POLYPS
OF ITS OCEAN PLAYPEN, THIS TINY

CRAB MOVES PEACEFULLY AROUND ITS
HOME.

IN THIS OTHER SEA RESIDENCE,
EXPOSED TO THE CURRENT IN A

PLANKTON-RICH ENVIRONMENT, THIS
UPSIDE-DOWN LITTLE CRAB IN A

RATHER ACROBATIC POSE, GRABS ALL
THE FOOD WITHIN ITS REACH.

JUST LIKE A JUGGLER; NOTHING
DISTRACTS IT.

EACH CREATURE HAS ADAPTED TO ITS
SIZE AND LIFE AS

A DWARF CRUSTACEAN.

[ADVENTUROUS MUSIC AND
UNDERWATER SOUNDS]

DYLAN: CRUSTACEANS LIKE MANY
OTHER ANIMAL SPECIES, ATTACH A

GOOD DEAL OF IMPORTANCE TO THEIR
APPEARANCE.

THE ABDOMEN OF THIS PRETTY AMBER
SHRIMP, ADORNED WITH WHITE

ARABESQUES, IS ALMOST VERTICAL
IN RELATION

TO THE REST OF ITS BODY.

LIKE A SEDUCTION DANCE, IT
SWINGS IT CONSTANTLY

TO ATTRACT A MATE.

ADULT FEMALES ARE ALMOST TWICE
AS LARGE AS MALES.

THIS SPECIES USUALLY LIVES IN
GROUPS, SOMETIMES OF 6 TO 8

INDIVIDUALS; ALL AMONG THE
TENTACLES OF AN ANEMONE, SHOWING

THEIR BEAUTY, CONFIDENCE, AND
CUNNING FOR ALL TO SEE.

UP NEXT, GET A LOOK AT THE
EDIBLE ART OF BLENDING IN.

THIS AND MORE WHEN "EARTH
ODYSSEY" RETURNS.

.

NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO THE
MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: PARASITES.

EACH PARASITE SPECIES HAS A VERY
SPECIAL WAY OF FEEDING.

ATTACHED TO THE FISH'S BACK,
THIS PARASITE LIVES OFF IT, BUT

THE FISH DOES NOT BENEFIT IN ANY
WAY.

IN MOST CASES, THE PARASITE IS
EVEN HARMFUL TO IT.

UNLIKE MORE TYPICAL PREDATORS,
IT IS NOT TO THE PARASITE'S

ADVANTAGE TO KILL ITS HOST
BECAUSE IT COULD DIE WITH IT.

EASY TO OBSERVE, EXTERNAL
PARASITES SUCK FISHES BLOOD.

TO ATTACH THEMSELVES TO FISH,
THEY HAVE APPENDAGES

ENDING IN HOOKS.

PARASITES ARE DEMANDING, NEEDING
NEAR PERFECT CONDITIONS TO

SUCCESSFULLY LIVE ON THEIR
HOSTS.

SCIENTISTS AGREE THAT ALL FORMS
OF PARASITE EVOLVED FROM ANIMALS

THAT WERE INITIALLY INDEPENDENT,
CAPABLE OF

SURVIVING ON THEIR OWN.

THESE DAYS, THEY CERTAINLY
PREFER THE COMPANY OF OTHERS,

EVEN IF THEY WEREN'T INVITED.

THESE CLINGY CREATURES ARE SO
WELL-ADAPTED TO THIS NEW WAY OF

LIFE, THEY'VE LET THEIR ORGANS
REGRESS.

IF YOU AREN'T GONNA USE IT, LOSE
IT.

WE ARE WHAT WE EAT.

THIS WELL-KNOWN SAYING CERTAINLY
APPLIES TO SOME CRUSTACEANS.

SHRIMPS LIVING IN CRINOIDS
CHANGE COLOR BY FEEDING

ON THEIR HOSTS MUCOUS.

[ADVENTUROUS MUSIC]

DYLAN: THE SHRIMP'S COLOR
CHANGES ACCORDING TO

THE CRINOID'S COLOR.

THIS ABILITY TO CHANGE COLOR
ENABLES THEM TO BLEND IN WITH

THIS LIVING DECOR AND GO
UNNOTICED.

LIKE ALL MARINE ANIMALS,
CRUSTACEANS ARE BOTH PREDATORS

AND PREY.

THEY ARE THE FAVORITE DISH OF
MANY SPECIES.

THE PROBLEM IS ALWAYS THE SAME;
EAT WITHOUT BEING EATEN.

SMALL AND LARGE CRUSTACEANS ALL
HAVE PREDATORS.

INSTINCTIVELY, THEY ALL
EXPERIENCE THE SAME FRIGHT.

AMONG THEIR PREDATORS, MANY
MARINE ANIMALS SEARCH THE SAND

AND CATCH SMALL CRUSTACEANS,
EVEN THOUGH

THEY ARE WELL-HIDDEN;

THE SMALLEST SPECIES OFTEN
ENDING UP PAYING.

DANGER IS EVERYWHERE.

[ADVENTUROUS/DANGEROUS MUSIC]

DYLAN: HUNTING USUALLY TAKES
PLACE AT NIGHT.

THIS CRUSTACEAN HAS NO CHANCE
AGAINST THIS MORAY EEL THAT HAS

JUST SPOTTED IT.

[MUSIC CONTINUES]

DYLAN: IT'S THE LAW OF THE WILD
ON WHICH THE GOOD FUNCTIONING OF

THE FOOD CHAIN DEPENDS.

TO NOT BE EATEN, YOU HAVE TO
AVOID BEING SEEN AT ALL COSTS.

WHILE KEEPING AN EYE ON THE
PREDATOR, SOME SHRIMPS BURY

THEMSELVES IN THE SAND.

PISTOL SHRIMPS BUILD AND TEND
VERY STRONG BURROWS.

THIS VERY BUSY SHRIMP IS
CLEARING AN INCREDIBLE QUANTITY

OF SAND AT A FRENETIC PACE.

OTHERS HOUSE SHARE.

WHAT A MYSTERIOUS COUPLE; THE
GOBY AND SHRIMP MAKE.

IN FACT, THEY HAVE A SYMBIOTIC
RELATIONSHIP;

THEY SHARE THEIR HOME AND DO
THINGS FOR EACH OTHER

ACCORDING TO THEIR ABILITIES.

THIS SITUATION IS MUTUALLY
BENEFICIAL FOR THE BLIND SHRIMP

AND THE GOBY, WHICH IS INCAPABLE
OF BUILDING A SHELTER.

TOGETHER, THEY FORM A FORMIDABLE
DEFENSE AGAINST

AN OCEAN OF DANGER.

WHEN IT COMES TO SURVIVAL IN
NATURE, IT'S ALL ABOUT DOING

WHATEVER IT TAKES.

AND CRUSTACEANS ARE A PRIME
EXAMPLE.

WHETHER RELYING ON ANOTHER IN A
SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP OR

DEVELOPING PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES
THAT HELP PROTECT, HUNT,

OR BLEND IN, LIFE FOR THESE
SHELL-BOUND SURVIVORS IS

ABOUT GETTING A COMPETITIVE
ADVANTAGE AND FINDING

THEIR OWN TAILORED METHOD OF
THRIVING IN THE WILD.

WE HOPE YOU'LL JOIN US FOR
ANOTHER ADVENTURE ON THE NEXT

EPISODE OF "EARTH ODYSSEY."

[MUSIC]