All language subtitles for Earth.Odyssey.With.Dylan.Dreyer.S05E12.1080p.WEB.h264-DiRT_track3_[eng]

.

NARRATOR: WHEN YOU SEE THIS
SYMBOL, YOU KNOW YOU'RE

WATCHING TELEVISION THAT IS
EDUCATIONAL AND INFORMATIONAL.

THE MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: HI, EVERYONE, I'M DYLAN
DREYER AND IT'S TIME FOR AN

INCREDIBLE ADVENTURE ON "EARTH
ODYSSEY".

TODAY, WE'RE DIVING INTO THE
SHELLED SEAFARERS

KNOWN AS CRUSTACEANS.

WE'LL SEE HOW THESE
CREEPY-CRAWLERS USE ALMOST

ANYTHING TO BLEND IN.

LATER, CREATING NEW LIFE MEANS
LEAVING YOUR OLD LIFE,

OR SHELL, BEHIND.

AND FIND OUT HOW THIS CLUSTER OF
CREATURES IS REALLY A THRIVING

FAMILY UNIT.

BUT FIRST, WE LOOK AT A GROUP
THAT ARE EXPERTS IN LETTING

OTHERS CARRY THE LOAD.

ALL OF THIS AND MORE ON TODAY'S
EPISODE OF "EARTH ODYSSEY".

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: THERE ARE A MYRIAD OF
WAYS ANIMALS THRIVE

IN THE OCEAN.

THE WATERY DEPTHS ARE TEEMING
WITH UNIQUE ENVIRONMENTS THAT

ALLOW ANIMALS TO PLAY TO THEIR
STRENGTHS.

CRUSTACEANS UTILIZE IMPRESSIVE
SKILLS TO ENSURE THEIR SURVIVAL.

AND THERE'S ONE TYPE OF
CRUSTACEAN THAT RELIES ON

SOMEONE ELSE TO DO THE WORK FOR
THEM.

PARASITES.

EACH PARASITE SPECIES HAS A VERY
SPECIAL WAY OF FEEDING.

ATTACHED TO THE FISH'S BACK,
THIS PARASITE LIVES OFF IT, BUT

THE FISH DOES NOT BENEFIT IN ANY
WAY.

IN MOST CASES, THE PARASITE IS
EVEN HARMFUL TO IT.

UNLIKE MORE TYPICAL PREDATORS,
IT IS NOT TO THE PARASITE'S

ADVANTAGE TO KILL ITS HOST,
BECAUSE IT COULD DIE WITH IT.

EASY TO OBSERVE, EXTERNAL
PARASITES SUCK FISHES BLOOD.

TO ATTACH THEMSELVES TO FISH,
THEY HAVE APPENDAGES

ENDING IN HOOKS.

PARASITES ARE DEMANDING, NEEDING
NEAR PERFECT CONDITIONS TO

SUCCESSFULLY LIVE ON THEIR
HOSTS.

SCIENTISTS AGREE THAT ALL FORMS
OF PARASITE EVOLVED FROM ANIMALS

THAT WERE INITIALLY INDEPENDENT,
CAPABLE OF SURVIVING

ON THEIR OWN.

THESE DAYS, THEY CERTAINLY
PREFER THE COMPANY OF OTHERS,

EVEN IF THEY WEREN'T INVITED.

THESE CLINGY CREATURES ARE SO
WELL ADAPTED TO THIS NEW WAY OF

LIFE, THEY'VE LET THEIR ORGANS
REGRESS.

IF YOU AREN'T GONNA USE IT, LOSE
IT.

WE ARE WHAT WE EAT.

THIS WELL-KNOWN SAYING CERTAINLY
APPLIES TO SOME CRUSTACEANS.

SHRIMPS LIVING IN CRINOIDS
CHANGE COLOR BY FEEDING ON THEIR

HOST'S MUCOUS.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: THE SHRIMP'S COLOR
CHANGES ACCORDING TO THE

CRINOID'S COLOR.

THIS ABILITY TO CHANGE COLOR
ENABLES THEM TO BLEND IN WITH

THIS LIVING DECOR AND GO
UNNOTICED.

LIKE ALL MARINE ANIMALS,
CRUSTACEANS ARE BOTH PREDATORS

AND PREY.

THEY ARE THE FAVORITE DISH OF
MANY SPECIES.

THE PROBLEM IS ALWAYS THE SAME;
EAT WITHOUT BEING EATEN.

SMALL AND LARGE CRUSTACEANS ALL
HAVE PREDATORS.

INSTINCTIVELY, THEY ALL
EXPERIENCE THE SAME FRIGHT.

AMONG THEIR PREDATORS, MANY
MARINE ANIMALS SEARCH THE SAND

AND CATCH THE SMALL CRUSTACEANS,
EVEN THOUGH THEY ARE

WELL-HIDDEN.

THE SMALLEST SPECIES OFTEN
ENDING UP PAYING.

DANGER IS EVERYWHERE.

[ADVENTUROUS MUSIC]

DYLAN: HUNTING USUALLY TAKES
PLACE AT NIGHT.

THIS CRUSTACEAN HAS NO CHANCE
AGAINST THIS MORAY EEL THAT'S

JUST SPOTTED IT.

[CONTINUING ADVENTUROUS MUSIC]

DYLAN: IT'S THE LAW OF THE WILD
ON WHICH THE GOOD FUNCTIONING OF

THE FOOD CHAIN DEPENDS.

TO NOT BE EATEN, YOU HAVE TO
AVOID BEING SEEN AT ALL COSTS.

WHILE KEEPING AN EYE ON THE
PREDATOR, SOME SHRIMPS BURY

THEMSELVES IN THE SAND.

PISTOL SHRIMPS BUILD AND TEND
VERY STRONG BURROWS.

THIS VERY BUSY SHRIMP IS
CLEARING AN INCREDIBLE QUANTITY

OF SAND AT A FRENETIC PACE.

OTHERS HOUSE-SHARE.

WHAT A MYSTERIOUS COUPLE THE
GOBY AND SHRIMP MAKE.

IN FACT, THEY HAVE A SYMBIOTIC
RELATIONSHIP.

THEY SHARE THEIR HOME AND DO
THINGS FOR EACH OTHER,

ACCORDING TO THEIR ABILITIES.

THIS SITUATION IS MUTUALLY
BENEFICIAL FOR THE BLIND SHRIMP

AND THE GOBY, WHICH IS INCAPABLE
OF BUILDING A SHELTER.

TOGETHER, THEY FORM A FORMIDABLE
DEFENSE AGAINST AN

OCEAN OF DANGER.

COMING UP, WE GET A CLOSE-UP
LOOK AT THE OCEAN'S MOST

CONVINCING CAMOUFLAGE.

AND ALONG THE OCEAN FLOOR,
SHEDDING YOUR SKIN IS A POPULAR

WAY TO GET NOTICED.

PLUS, A SKELETAL SWIMMER THAT'S
TIED UP IN ITS TIDAL HOME.

THIS AND MORE WHEN "EARTH
ODYSSEY" RETURNS.

.

NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO THE
MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: TO SURVIVE AND ESCAPE
PREDATORS, SOME CRUSTACEANS HAVE

PERFECTED CLOSE PROTECTION
TECHNIQUES.

AND SO, LIKE THE WELL-KNOWN
CLOWNFISH, THIS TINY TRANSPARENT

SHRIMP, OR THE ANEMONE PARTNER
SHRIMP, HAS FOUND REFUGE IN THE

ANEMONE'S STINGING ARMS.

OTHERS HAVE CHOSEN MOBILE HOMES,
LIKE THESE COLEMAN SHRIMPS THAT

LOOK PRETTY COMFY IN THIS FIRE
URCHIN.

THEY MOVE ABOUT SAFELY, SHIELDED
BY THE PRICKLES, AND FEED

ON THE SPOT.

AND SO, IN EXCHANGE FOR THEIR
CLEANING SERVICES, THEY ENJOY

FREE TRAVEL AND LODGING AND LIVE
UNDISTURBED.

AS FOR THE SPIDER CRABS, THEY
USE DIFFERENT

SURVIVAL TECHNIQUES.

THAT'S THE CASE WITH THESE CRABS
THAT DON'T HESITATE TO CHANGE

APPEARANCE TO DISGUISE
THEMSELVES.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: BUT IS DISGUISE THE
RIGHT WORD, WHEN IT'S A QUESTION

OF GRAFTS, OR TRANSPLANTS ON
YOUR OWN BODY?

WHITE OR PINKISH IN COLOR, THESE
UNQUESTIONABLY ELEGANT AND

GRACEFUL CRABS OWE THEIR
FEATHERY APPEARANCE TO ANEMONES

ON THEIR BODIES.

CAMOUFLAGED LIVING TAKES MANY
AND VARIED FORMS.

THIS IMPOSING FIGURE HAS
DIFFERENT TYPES OF ANEMONES

GRAFTED ALL OVER ITS BODY.

GIVING FREE REIGN TO THEIR
IMAGINATION, EACH CRAB DEVELOPS

A TOTALLY WILD LOOK.

SOME APPEAR TO BE WEARING HATS,
EACH MORE EXTRAVAGANT

THAN THE LAST.

AND ALWAYS PRECARIOUSLY
BALANCED.

IN THE BLOOMING CATEGORY, THIS
CLUMP OF WAVING ALGAE CRAB WOULD

DEFINITELY WIN THE PRIZE FOR
HUMOR.

AND WHAT ABOUT THESE POWERFUL
TANKS IN ACTION?

THAT YOU ONLY NOTICE WHEN THEY
MOVE.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: TO HIDE FROM VIEW AND
NOT TO BE

SEEN BY THEIR PREDATORS,

OTHER TINY CRABS HAVE CHOSEN TO
DRESS LIKE THEIR HOSTS.

LIKE GARDENERS, THEY GROW
GORGONIAN CORALS, OR POLYP

CORALS, ON THEIR SHELLS.

THESE TRANSPLANTED ANIMALS HIDE
AND PROTECT THEM BECAUSE VERY

OFTEN THEY HAVE STINGING PARTS.

OTHERS LOOK SO MUCH LIKE THEIR
HOST THAT YOU CAN ONLY SPOT THEM

WHEN THEY MOVE.

LIKE THIS ALGAE CRAB, THAT IS AS
GREEN AS THE PLANT

ON WHICH IT LIVES.

THE STAR ATTRACTION THOUGH,
REMAINS THE BOXER CRAB.

THIS TINY SHOW-OFF IS SMART AND
INVENTIVE.

IT USES A CHEAT'S TECHNIQUE.

IT GRAFTS STINGING ANEMONES TO
THE END OF ITS PINCERS.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: ARMED WITH THIS
PROTECTION, IT LOOKS LIKE IT'S

BOXING WITH ITS WIRY LITTLE
ARMS.

WHEN WE RETURN, IT'S MOLTING
SEASON, AND A NEW LOOK MEANS A

NEW CHANCE AT FINDING A MATE.

AND LATER, ONE SHRIMP SPECIES
THAT LOOKS LIKE THEY'RE TYING

THE KNOT.

COMING UP ON "EARTH ODYSSEY".

.

NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO THE
MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: CRUSTACEANS ARE
EXTREMELY CRAFTY CHARACTERS.

THEIR ABILITY TO USE THEIR
ENVIRONMENT, AND EVEN THE

ANIMALS LIVING ALONG SIDE THEM
AS

A FORM OF PROTECTION IS
IMPRESSIVE.

MANY CRUSTACEANS USE TECHNIQUES
THAT ARE COMMON AMONG MANY OTHER

SPECIES, BUT THEY ARE EFFECTIVE
AS EVER ON THE OCEAN FLOOR.

WHILE SOME CRUSTACEANS USE
CAMOUFLAGE, OTHERS USE A MORE

STRAIGHT-FORWARD APPROACH TO
PROTECTION.

HIDING IN A SHELTER.

SOME, LIKE THESE MUD SHRIMPS,
SYSTEMATICALLY TAKING COVER.

EVEN THOUGH THEY HAVE SHELLS,
THEY TEND TO HIDE IN CRACKS IN

THE ROCK, SPONGES, OR LIKE HERE
IN BITS OF WOOD.

LIFE SEEMS PRETTY EVENTFUL IN
THIS COMMUNITY, AND FIGHTS

ARE COMMON.

OTHER TINY CREATURES HAVE CHOSEN
A NOMADIC LIFE ON THE BACKS OF

SEA CUCUMBERS.

THIS CRAB, WHICH IS JUST 2
INCHES WIDE, WITHDRAWS INTO ITS

HOST WHEN IT FEELS THREATENED.

IT SHARES THIS SHELTER WITH
THESE EMPEROR SHRIMPS.

BY OBSERVING THEIR WAY OF LIFE,
IT'S EVIDENT THAT MANY

CRUSTACEANS HAVE PERFECTED
UNUSUAL, SOPHISTICATED AND

PRETTY UNIQUE TECHNIQUES FOR
SURVIVING IN HOSTILE CONDITIONS.

ALL THESE METHODS HAVE THE SAME
OBJECTIVE, TO LIVE IN ORDER TO

REPRODUCE, AND THUS PERPETUATE
THE SPECIES.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: MAINLY OVIPAROUS, OR
EGG-LAYING CRUSTACEANS, HAVE

SEPARATE GENDERS.

REPRODUCTION IS ALWAYS BETWEEN 2
PARTNERS AND JUST AFTER MOLTING,

WHEN THE SHELL IS STILL SOFT.

DURING INCUBATION, THE FEMALE
CARRIES THE EGGS.

INVISIBLE IN CRABS, THEY ARE
EASIER TO SEE IN

THE GHOST SHRIMP.

FOR ALL TO SEE, THE THOUSANDS OF
EGGS OF THE BRIGHTLY COLORED

MANTIS SHRIMP ARE GATHERED IN A
BALL IN FRONT OF ITS MOUTH AND

BETWEEN ITS LEGS.

THE TIMING OF HATCHING VARIES
WITH THE SPECIES.

IT TAKES PLACE BETWEEN 1 AND 3
WEEKS AFTER EGG LAYING.

ONCE HATCHED, CRUSTACEANS PASS
THROUGH LARVAL STAGES AND

UNDERGO MANY CHANGES.

LARVAE ARE PART OF ANIMAL
PLANKTON.

THEY ARE CARRIED BY THE CURRENT
AND SCATTERED THROUGHOUT THE

WORLD'S SEAS AND OCEANS.

FEW LARVAE SURVIVE BECAUSE THEY
ARE A SOURCE OF FOOD FOR MANY

MARINE ANIMALS.

THEY ARE SO SMALL THAT IT'S HARD
TO SEE THEM BEING EATEN.

ONLY THE PREDATORS' MOVEMENTS
INDICATE THEIR PRESENCE.

HERE THE CHARACTERISTIC SWINGING
OF THE PIPEFISH'S HEAD

ACCOMPANYING THE HUNT, ATTESTS
TO THIS.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: CRUSTACEANS PREYING ON
OTHER CRUSTACEANS ISN'T

UNHEARD OF.

THIS TOZEUMA SHRIMP IS HEAVILY
NIBBLING ON TINY

PLANKTON LARVAE.

ATTACHED ANIMALS LOVE THEM TOO,
AND GRAB THEM AS THEY PASS.

WHEN WE LOOK EXTREMELY CLOSELY,
YOU CAN SEE THE HORDES OF TINY

CRUSTACEANS HOLDING ONTO
SURVIVAL, IN THE HOPES OF

BECOMING A THRIVING ADULT.

COMING UP NEXT, WHAT LOOKS LIKE
A TANGLED WEB IS ACTUALLY A

THRIVING CREATURE OF THE DEEP.

THIS AND MORE WHEN "EARTH
ODYSSEY" RETURNS.

.

NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO THE
MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: THESE HYPERACTIVE LITTLE
CRUSTACEANS LOOK LIKE A MASS OF

TANGLED THREADS, A LIVING
CLUSTER.

IF WE TAKE A CLOSER LOOK, WE CAN
SEE IT'S A SKELETON SHRIMP, WITH

A WHOLE BROOD CLINGING TO IT.

THESE TINY BABIES ARE WRIGGLING
ALL OVER THE PLACE.

AFTER THE MALES FERTILIZE THE
EGGS, THE FEMALES CARRY THESE

BABY SHRIMP THROUGH TO BIRTH.

AND AS THERE IS NO LARVAL STAGE
IN SKELETON SHRIMPS, IT IS VERY

LIKELY THAT THESE MINI-CREATURES
HAVE JUST BEEN BORN.

LIKE MANY OTHER CRUSTACEANS,
SKELETON SHRIMPS ARE MINISCULE,

BUT NO LESS CAPTIVATING.

IN THE LAND OF LILLIPUTIANS
THERE ARE REALLY TINY CREATURES,

LIKE THIS MINI-CRAB, LOST AMONG
THE GRAINS OF SAND, WHICH WE CAN

ONLY SEE BECAUSE IT IS MOVING
ITS EYES.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: BARELY BIGGER, THIS ONE
EXTRICATES ITSELF EASILY, AND

ELEGANTLY FROM ITS HIDING PLACE.

WHICH IT HURRIES BACK INTO,
PROBABLY FRIGHTENED BY THE NOISE

OF THE WORLD OUTSIDE.

THIS CRAB, HIDING IN THE CORAL,
SEEMS VERY AT EASE IN THIS

NARROW SHELTER AND GOES ABOUT
ITS BUSINESS WITHOUT FEAR.

NOT MUCH BIGGER THAN THE POLYPS
OF ITS OCEAN PLAYPEN, THIS TINY

CRAB MOVES PEACEFULLY AROUND ITS
HOME.

IT CONTORTS ITSELF, CUTS A PATH,
AND MAKES ITS WAY TO ITS SOURCE

OF FOOD.

IN THIS OTHER SEA RESIDENCE,
EXPOSED TO THE CURRENT IN A

PLANKTON RICH ENVIRONMENT, THIS
UPSIDE-DOWN LITTLE CRAB, IN A

RATHER ACROBATIC POSE, GRABS ALL
THE FOOD WITHIN ITS REACH.

JUST LIKE A JUGGLER, NOTHING
DISTRACTS IT.

EACH CREATURE HAS ADAPTED TO ITS
SIZE AND LIFE AS A

DWARF CRUSTACEAN.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: CRUSTACEANS, LIKE MANY
OTHER ANIMAL SPECIES, ATTACH A

GOOD DEAL OF IMPORTANCE TO THEIR
APPEARANCE.

THE ABDOMEN OF THIS PRETTY AMBER
SHRIMP, ADORNED WITH WHITE

ARABESQUES, IS ALMOST VERTICAL
IN RELATION TO THE REST OF

ITS BODY.

LIKE A SEDUCTION DANCE, IT
SWINGS IT CONSTANTLY TO ATTRACT

A MATE.

ADULT FEMALES ARE ALMOST TWICE
AS LARGE AS MALES.

THIS SHRIMP USUALLY LIVES IN
GROUPS, SOMETIMES OF 6 TO 8

INDIVIDUALS, ALL AMONG THE
TENTACLES OF ANEMONE.

SHOWING THEIR BEAUTY, CONFIDENCE
AND CUNNING FOR ALL TO SEE.

THE WAY EACH ANIMAL THRIVES IN
THE WILD IS ENTIRELY

UNIQUE TO THEM.

BUT CRUSTACEANS TAKE THEIR
INDIVIDUALITY TO EXTREMES.

ADAPTING, AND EVEN BECOMING A
PART OF THEIR ENVIRONMENT, HAS

ENSURED THEIR SURVIVAL FOR
MILLIONS OF YEARS, AND DOESN'T

APPEAR TO BE STOPPING ANYTIME
SOON.

THANK YOU FOR JUMPING IN WITH US
TO EXPLORE THE WORLD OF

CRUSTACEANS.

I HOPE TO SEE YOU FOR ANOTHER
ADVENTURE ON "EARTH ODYSSEY".

[MUSIC]