All language subtitles for Earth.Odyssey.With.Dylan.Dreyer.S05E08.1080p.WEB.h264-DiRT_track3_[eng]

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NARRATOR: WHEN YOU SEE THIS
SYMBOL, YOU KNOW YOU'RE

WATCHING TELEVISION THAT IS
EDUCATIONAL AND INFORMATIONAL.

THE MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: HI, EVERYONE, I'M DYLAN
DREYER.

WE ARE ABOUT TO EMBARK ON AN
EPIC ADVENTURE ON

"EARTH ODYSSEY".

TODAY, WE'RE CROWING THE
CHAMPIONS OF THE WILD WITH A

CLOSE-UP LOOK AT THE MOST
IMPRESSIVE ANIMAL ICONS AROUND

THE WORLD.

THE TITLE FOR TALLEST GOES TO AN
ANIMAL HEAD, SHOULDERS, AND NECK

ABOVE THE REST.

AMONG THE GREAT HERDS OF THE
AFRICAN SAVANNAH, WE'LL FIND THE

WORLD'S BEST BUG REMOVER.

AND CAMOUFLAGED IN THE HIGH
GRASS, THE CROWN FOR HUMONGOUS

HORNS IS IN NO DEBATE.

BUT FIRST, WE TRAVEL TO THE
WATER BANKS OF THE AFRICAN

SAVANNAH, WHERE THE STARS ARE
OUT FOR SOME SUN-SOAKED

SOCIALIZING.

ALL OF THIS COMING UP ON "EARTH
ODYSSEY".

[MUSIC]

ACROSS THE PLANET THERE ARE
THOUSANDS OF UNIQUE ANIMAL

SPECIES WITH IMPRESSIVE TRAITS.

SOME ARE SO STAGGERINGLY BIG,
INCREDIBLY SKILLED, OR

OVERWHELMINGLY BEAUTIFUL, THAT
THEY CAN'T HELP BUT CATCH OUR

ATTENTION.

THEY'RE LIKE CELEBRITIES OF THE
ANIMAL KINGDOM.

WE CAN GLIMPSE MANY OF THESE
CREATURES AT THE WATER'S EDGE,

THE MOST POPULAR HANGOUT IN THE
WILD.

SMALL OR LARGE, MAMMALS,
REPTILES, OR BIRDS, MOST OF THE

ANIMALS COME TO THE RIVER AT
SOME TIME DURING THE DAY.

IT'S THE DAILY TRAINING GROUND
FOR THIS TEAM OF CHAMPIONS

THAT'S TRYING TO KEEP FIT.

THE ELEPHANT IS HAPPY ANYWHERE
AS LONG AS THERE'S WATER.

THAT'S THE ONLY FACTOR CURBING
THE SPREAD ACROSS THE CONTINENT

OF THIS OVERSIZED CHAMPION.

ELEPHANTS CAN DRINK UP TO 50
GALLONS OF WATER PER DAY, SO

IT'S NO WONDER THEY PREFER TO
STAY WHERE WATER IS

IN AMPLE SUPPLY.

THIS IS THE FIRST IN A WHOLE
SERIES OF RECORDS.

IT HEADS FOR WATER AT THE
HOTTEST TIME OF THE DAY BECAUSE

IT HAS A PRESSING NEED FOR
REFRESHMENT.

ITS DARK SKIN ABSORBS A VAST
NUMBER OF CALORIES AND PROVIDES

NO INSULATION.

SO, TO LOWER ITS TEMPERATURE,
THE ELEPHANT RELIES ON WATER AND

ON ITS HEAVILY-VEINED EARS.

THE EARS OF AN ADULT CAN MEASURE
FIVE-FEET-BY-THREE-FEET IN SIZE.

THEY'RE THE BIGGEST IN THE
WORLD.

THE ELEPHANT'S TRUNK IS IN A
CLASS OF ITS OWN

BECAUSE IT'S UNIQUE IN THE
ANIMAL KINGDOM.

THIS ENORMOUS AND HIGHLY USEFUL
APPENDAGE IS MADE UP OF AN

UNEQUALED NUMBER OF MUSCLE
FIBERS,

MORE THAN 40,000 IN ALL.

THIS IS WHAT GIVES THE TRUNK ITS
INCOMPARABLE

FLEXIBILITY AND SKILL.

THE BIGGEST TERRESTRIAL MAMMAL,
IT WEIGHS IN AT MORE THAN

10,000 POUNDS.

THE ELEPHANT HAS NO COMPETITION
IN THE HEAVYWEIGHT CATEGORY.

THE CLOSEST CHALLENGER, BUT
STILL A LONG WAY BEHIND, IS THE

HIPPOPOTAMUS.

AT BIRTH, THE HIPPO WEIGHS ONLY
ABOUT 90 POUNDS, BUT IT GROWS

QUICKLY, AND AT A YEAR OLD, A
BABY LIKE THIS ONE ALREADY

WEIGHS A QUARTER OF A TON.

THE WEIGHT OF AN ADULT
HIPPOPOTAMUS VARIES CONSIDERABLY

ACCORDING TO THE INDIVIDUAL.

[HIPPOS GRUNTING]

A MALE WEIGHS FROM ONE TO THREE
TONS, OR MORE THAN 6,000 POUNDS,

BUT A FORMIDABLE FEMALE CAN
WEIGH MORE THAN AN

ORDINARY MALE.

THIS MEANS THAT IT'S OFTEN
DIFFICULT TO DISTINGUISH MALE

FROM FEMALE FROM A DISTANCE.

IN THIRD PLACE ON THE
HEAVYWEIGHT PODIUM IS

THE WHITE RHINOCEROS.

IN FACT, IT HAS A MORE
IMPRESSIVE MASS THAN THE HIPPO,

BUT IT WEIGHS LESS.

A MALE WEIGHS ABOUT TWO TONS.

THAT'S A TOP RANKING AMONG THE
SPECIES, BUT THERE ARE BOTH

CHAMPIONS AND RECORDS IN EVERY
SPECIES.

THE FRONT HORN ON A RHINOCEROS
MEASURES, ON AVERAGE, ABOUT

TWO FEET LONG.

AS ONE OF THE HEAVYWEIGHT
CHAMPIONS OF THE ANIMAL KINGDOM,

IT SEEMS ONLY FITTING THE RHINO
IS MOST WELL-KNOWN FOR ITS MOST

INTIMIDATING FEATURE.

COMING UP, AN ANIMAL WILLING TO
STICK THEIR NECK OUT FOR SOME

RECOGNITION.

AND WE'LL GET A GLIMPSE OF ONE
OF NATURE'S MOST PROLIFIC PEST

CONTROLLERS.

PLUS, A BOVINE BREED THAT GIVES
NEW MEANING TO THE TERM

"LONGHORN".

THIS AND MORE WHEN "EARTH
ODYSSEY" RETURNS.

.

NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO THE
MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: AS WE CONTINUE ON OUR
JOURNEY LOOKING AT THE CHAMPIONS

OF THE SAVANNAH, ANOTHER
UNSURPRISING RECORD GOES TO THE

ELEPHANT.

IT HAS THE BIGGEST TEETH IN THE
ANIMAL KINGDOM.

ITS TUSKS ARE IN FACT ITS UPPER
INCISORS.

THEY GROW MORE IN THE MALE THAN
IN THE FEMALE AND IN DIFFERENT

WAYS ACCORDING TO THE REGION.

THEIR GROWTH IS LARGELY
CONDITIONED BY THE ENVIRONMENT

AND THE FOOD AVAILABLE.

THIS YOUNG MALE WOULD HAVE A
BETTER CHANCE OF GROWING GREAT

TUSKS IF HE LIVED IN A DAMP
TROPICAL REGION.

BUT REGARDLESS OF ENVIRONMENT,
ELEPHANTS' TUSKS GROW THROUGHOUT

THEIR LIVES BECAUSE THEY HAVE NO
ENAMEL EXCEPT AT THE TIPS.

AND THEY HAVE ANOTHER
CHARACTERISTIC.

THEIR GROWTH ACCELERATES
NOTICEABLY WHEN THE ANIMAL GETS

OLDER.

IN THE RIGHT ENVIRONMENT, THE
TUSKS OF A TEN-YEAR-OLD MALE CAN

WEIGH UP TO TEN POUNDS EACH,

BUT THEY CAN REACH MORE THAN 100

POUNDS WHEN THE ANIMAL REACHES
THE AGE OF 40.

WITH THE FEMALE, IT'S FIVE TIMES
LESS.

IT'S DIFFICULT TO JUDGE
ACCURATELY THE SIZE OF A

LIVING ELEPHANT.

A BIG MALE LIKE THIS ONE CAN BE
UP TO TEN FEET TALL.

THE FEMALES ARE SMALLER.

BUT EVEN THESE MASSIVE WONDERS
OF THE WILD PALE IN COMPARISON

TO THE HEIGHT OF ANOTHER AFRICAN
INHABITANT,

THE GIRAFFE.

EVERYONE KNOWS THAT IN THIS
LEAGUE, THE GIRAFFE IS THE

UNCONTESTED CHAMPION OF THE
SAVANNAH.

FEWER PEOPLE KNOW THAT THERE IS
A GREAT DIFFERENCE

BETWEEN THE SEXES.

THERE ARE SEVERAL WAYS OF
DISTINGUISHING A MALE GIRAFFE

FROM A FEMALE.

ALL YOU HAVE TO DO IS LOOK AT
THE ANIMAL'S HORNS.

THERE ARE NO HAIRS ON THE END OF
THE MALE'S HORNS.

AND WE CAN SEE THAT THE MALE IS
MUCH TALLER THAN THE FEMALE.

ITS HEAD CAN REACH 18 FEET FROM
THE GROUND, WHEREAS THE FEMALE

CAN REACH TO ABOUT 15.

WITH ITS VERY UNUSUAL
MORPHOLOGY, THE GIRAFFE MAKES A

COLLECTION OF PECULIARITIES AND
RECORDS.

IT HAS THE LONGEST JUGULAR VEIN
IN THE WORLD, INTESTINES MORE

THAN 220 FEET LONG, AND AN
INCREDIBLY DEXTEROUS

TWO-FOOT-LONG TONGUE, NOT TO
MENTION EACH OF ITS

SEVEN GIANT CERVICAL VERTEBRAE,

WHICH MEASURE MORE THAN 15
INCHES.

ALL GREAT REASONS WHY THE
GIRAFFE IS TRULY A CHAMPION OF

THE SAVANNAH.

WHEN WE RETURN, WE'LL MEET A
CLEVER CLINGER THAT'S BEST KNOWN

FOR TAGGING ALONG.

AND THIS GREAT GAZELLE SPECIES
HAS SOME HIGH-RISE HEADWEAR.

ALL OF THIS COMING UP ON "EARTH
ODYSSEY".

.

NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO THE
MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: SOMETIMES EVEN IN THE
WILD, HAVING THE RIGHT ENTOURAGE

IS CRUCIAL TO SUCCESS.

THESE CREATURE COMPANIONS MAY
NOT SHARE THE SAME SPOTLIGHT AS

GIRAFFES OR RHINOS, BUT THEIR
ROLE IN THE GROUP IS AS

IMPORTANT AS ANY OTHER.

AMONG THE HERDS OF THE AFRICAN
SAVANNAH, A SMALL, CLINGY

CHARACTER IS PIVOTAL IN MAKING
SURE EVERYONE IS

LOOKING THEIR BEST.

THE RED-BILLED OXPECKER MAY SEEM
LIKE JUST ANOTHER BIRD, BUT IT'S

IN FACT AN IMPORTANT PART OF
EACH HERD OF MAMMALS IN THE

SAVANNAH.

IT MAY NOT APPEAR TO HAVE ANY
SPECIAL FEATURES, BUT THIS

DOESN'T MEAN IT'S NOT A
CHAMPION, FOR IT IS THE BEST

FORM OF PEST CONTROL IN THE
WILD.

THE OXPECKER HAS THE ADVANTAGE
OF VERY CURVED AND SHARP CLAWS

WHICH HOOK ON LIKE A
MOUNTAINEER'S CRAMPONS TO THE

SKIN OR FUR OF ANIMALS WHILE
THEY GO ABOUT THEIR

CLEANING SERVICE.

THE ANIMAL CAN SHAKE ITS HEAD
AND START WALKING, BUT THE

OXPECKER HANGS ON TIGHTLY AND
CARRIES ON EATING REGARDLESS.

ITS BEAK WORKS LIKE A PAIR OF
SCISSORS, CLIPPING AWAY

AT GREAT SPEED.

IN SEQUENCES LASTING ONE MINUTE,
IT DIGS OUT AND SWALLOWS

HUNDREDS OF PARASITES.

THIS ACCOMMODATING AVIAN LIVES
ON MOST OF THE GREAT MAMMALS

WITH ONE EXCEPTION, THE
ELEPHANT, BUT THERE ARE PLENTY

OF OTHERS WILLING TO TAKE PART.

IT'S PERFECTLY COMFORTABLE ON
THE BUFFALO AND DOESN'T WORRY

ABOUT GETTING CRUSHED IN THE
MIDDLE OF ALL THOSE

TONS OF MUSCLE.

THE BUFFALO HAS A STRANGE HABIT.

WHEN RESTING, IT NEEDS TO BE IN
CONTACT WITH ITS FELLOWS.

HERE, WHERE EACH CREATURE COULD
HOPE FOR A BIT OF ROOM AND

PEACE, ALL THE MEMBERS OF THE
HERD PREFER TO STICK VERY

CLOSELY TO EACH OTHER.

UNIQUE BEHAVIOR AMONG THE LARGE
MAMMALS, THE BUFFALO IS THE

UNRIVALED CHAMPION OF
TOGETHERNESS.

CONTINUALLY ASSAULTED BY
PARASITES, THE ANIMAL DOES ALL

IT CAN TO RELIEVE THE ITCHING.

IDEALLY, THE BEST CURATIVE AND
PREVENTATIVE TREATMENT IS THE

MUD BATH.

AND MOST OFTEN, AND ESPECIALLY
WHEN THE BATH IS A BIT ON THE

SMALL SIDE, IT'S THE LARGE MALES
THAT TAKE PRIORITY.

[BUFFALO GROANING]

THIS BIG BUFFALO IS TAKING HIS
TIME.

HE HAS NO REASON TO HURRY.

HE'S BIGGER AND MORE POWERFUL
THAN THE OTHERS WHO WILL JUST

HAVE TO WAIT PATIENTLY THEIR
TURN.

[BUFFALO GROANING]

WATCHING THIS BATH TIME SCENE,
WE MIGHT BE TEMPTED TO CHOOSE

THE BUFFALO AS THE CHAMPION OF
DISCIPLINE

OR OF COURTESY.

[BUFFALOS GROANING]

THE BUFFALO IS AN ANIMAL WHOSE
STATUS MARKEDLY MODIFIES

ITS BEHAVIOR.

WHILE ALL BUFFALOS GO TO THE
WATER EVERY DAY BECAUSE THEY

HAVE TO DRINK, ONLY THE
SEDENTARY OLD MALES WHO LIVE

OUTSIDE THE HERD HAVE A REGULAR
BATH THERE.

APART FROM THE ELEPHANT AND OF
COURSE THE HIPPOPOTAMUS, THERE

ARE VERY FEW MAMMALS WHO IMMERSE
THEMSELVES COMPLETELY LIKE THIS.

HERE, WE HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY TO
SEE AN UNLIKELY

SWIMMING COMPETITION.

A BUFFALO CAN WEIGH UP TO 1,700
POUNDS AND CAN MEASURE ALMOST

FIVE FEET FROM THE TIP OF ONE
HORN TO THE OTHER.

IT IS THE UNRIVALED CHAMPION IN
THE BOVINE CATEGORY, A FAMILY OF

ANIMALS THAT STANDS OUT BECAUSE
ALL THE MALES HAVE HORNS, AND

THE PRIDE OF THIS GROUP IS
DECIDED BASED ON WHOSE HEADWEAR

IS THE BIGGEST.

AND IT'S A TITLE THEY TAKE
EXTREMELY SERIOUSLY.

COMING UP NEXT, WE FIND OUT HOW
ONE OF THE MOST VERSATILE

FAMILIES IN THE WILD HAS A
STRICT HIERARCHY OF HORNS.

[BUFFALO GROANING]

.

NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO THE
MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: IT'S DIFFICULT TO PICK
OUT THE CHAMPIONS IN SUCH A

UNIQUELY DIVERSE FAMILY AS THE
BOVINES.

THERE ARE JUST AS MANY SMALL
SPECIMENS LIVING ALONE, LIKE THE

STEENBOK, AS THERE ARE LARGE
ANIMALS LIVING IN GROUPS,

LIKE THE WILDEBEEST.

IN SPECIES LIKE THE WILDEBEEST,
BOTH MALES AND FEMALES HAVE

HORNS AND LOOK VERY SIMILAR.

BUT THERE ARE OTHER ANTELOPES
WHERE THE DIFFERENTIATION

BETWEEN THE TWO SEXES IS PUSHED
TO AN EXTREME,

AS, FOR EXAMPLE, WITH THE
NYALAS.

THE MALE, WHICH IS MUCH BIGGER,
HAS AN ALMOST PLAIN DARK COAT,

WHEREAS THE FEMALE'S HAIR IS
LIGHTER AND CLEARLY STRIPED.

THE COLOR OF THE COAT AND THE
MARKINGS HAVE PRECISE FUNCTIONS,

TO MAKE THE ANIMAL AS INVISIBLE
AS POSSIBLE.

ANOTHER CANDIDATE FOR THE
CAMOUFLAGE CHAMPIONSHIP IN THE

GAZELLE CATEGORY IS THE
BUSHBUCK, AND HERE'S THE FEMALE

WITH HER LONG EYELASHES THAT
PROTECT HER EYES FROM THE LEAVES

AND BRANCHES WHEN SHE'S
WANDERING IN THE UNDERGROWTH.

THIS ANTELOPE HAS A VERY SUBTLE
COAT.

HER FUR OF ALTERNATING DARKISH
TONES IS PUNCTUATED HERE AND

THERE BY A FEW WHITE MARKS AND
SPOTS THAT WE CAN ALSO FIND ON

THE BODY AND HEAD OF THE MALE.

THIS RATHER UNREMARKABLE COAT
HAS A MIRACULOUS EFFECT IN THE

UNDERGROWTH, WHERE THE FUR OF
THE BUSHBUCK MELDS WITH THE

LIGHT AND SHADE OF THE FOLIAGE.

WHEN THE WIND IS FAVORABLE FOR
THE GAZELLE, EVEN LIONS AND

HYENAS HAVE BEEN SEEN TO PASS
WITHIN 30 FEET OF A MOTIONLESS

ANIMAL WITHOUT NOTICING IT.

THE ABILITY TO ESCAPE FROM
PREDATORS IS ONE OF THE FACTORS

NECESSARY TO ESTABLISH A
HIERARCHY IN THE GREAT

FAMILY OF GAZELLES.

BUT WE ARE MORE LIKELY TO
REMEMBER THE SIZE OF THE HORNS.

THE REDUNCA HORNS ARE ABOUT A
FOOT LONG, A RESPECTABLE SIZE,

BUT THAT'S NOTHING IN COMPARISON
WITH THOSE OF ITS COUSIN, THE

WATERBUCK, WHICH GROW TO MORE
THAN DOUBLE THAT SIZE.

THE ABSOLUTE RECORD GOES TO THIS
ANTELOPE, THE GREATER KUDU.

ONLY THE MALE HAS HORNS.

WHEN YOUNG, ITS HORNS ARE SMALL
AND STRAIGHT, BUT THEY

GROW INTO SPIRALS.

THEY WILL REACH THEIR MAXIMUM
SIZE WHEN THE ANIMAL IS SIX

YEARS OLD AND IS ABLE TO
REPRODUCE.

AT THAT POINT, THERE WILL BE UP
TO THREE SPIRALS FOR AN AVERAGE

LENGTH OF ABOUT FOUR FEET.

THE RECORD IS JUST UNDER SIX
FEET.

AS THEY GROW, THE HORNS
GRADUALLY BRING ABOUT THE

ESTABLISHMENT OF A HIERARCHY
AMONG YOUNG RIVAL MALES.

BUT AT THE SAME TIME, THE MORE
THEY GROW, THE MORE VULNERABLE

THE KUDU BECOMES.

THEIR SIZE AND WEIGHT BECOME A
TERRIBLE HANDICAP, SLOWING DOWN

THE MALES IF THEY ARE CHASED BY
A PREDATOR.

IN FACT, THE LIFE EXPECTANCY OF
A FEMALE KUDU IS 14 YEARS,

ALMOST DOUBLE THAT OF MALES.

IN THE SAVANNAH, THE TITLE OF
CHAMPION IS ALWAYS

VERY RELATIVE.

IT'S OFTEN IN RELATION TO THE
GROUP.

WHAT IS MOST OFTEN AT STAKE IS
ACCESS TO THE FEMALES.

THE IMPALA HAS TO FACE A LOT OF
CONFLICTS FOR A HIERARCHY TO

BECOME CLEAR.

THE CANDIDATES FOR THE TITLE OF
LEADER OF THE HERD CONFRONT EACH

OTHER IN SINGLE COMBAT.

IT'S A KNOCKOUT COMPETITION.

THEIR IMPRESSIVE HORNS ARE NO
MERE ORNAMENTS, BUT A DECIDING

FACTOR IN WHO WILL BE CROWNED
CHAMPION AND

RULE THEIR DOMAIN.

WHETHER FOR THEIR HEIGHT, THEIR
HELPFULNESS, OR THEIR HORNS, THE

WILD ANIMALS WE WITNESSED TODAY
ARE UNLIKE ANY OTHER.

THEIR INDIVIDUAL ATTRIBUTES HAVE
TRULY MADE THEM ICONS.

THANK YOU FOR COMING ALONG ON
TODAY'S ADVENTURE INTO THE WILD.

I HOPE TO SEE YOU FOR THE NEXT
ONE ON "EARTH ODYSSEY".

[MUSIC]