All language subtitles for Earth.Odyssey.With.Dylan.Dreyer.S04E19.1080p.WEB.h264-DiRT_track3_[eng]

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NARRATOR: WHEN YOU SEE THIS
SYMBOL, YOU KNOW YOU'RE WATCHING

TELEVISION THAT IS EDUCATIONAL
AND INFORMATIONAL.

THE MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: HI, EVERYBODY, I'M DYLAN
DREYER, AND THIS IS "EARTH

ODYSSEY".

TODAY, WE'LL JOURNEY ACROSS THE
GLOBE TO LOOK BACK AT THE

PREMIERE PRIMATES ON THE PLANET.

WE'LL HEAD HIGH UP IN THE CANOPY
TO HANG WITH THESE EASTERN ASIAN

MACAQUES.

PLUS, THIS MONKEY KNOWS HOW TO
GET THROUGH THE HARSHEST OF

WINTERS.

AND LATER, THESE LANKY LANGURS
LOVE TO KEEP THE PREDATORS AWAY.

BUT FIRST, WE'LL HEAD TO
MADAGASCAR TO HANG WITH THE

LEGENDARY LOCAL LEMURS.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: I'M SURE YOU'VE HEARD
THROUGH THE "APE-VINE" THAT

PRIMATES ARE THE CLOSEST ANIMALS
TO HUMANS.

OPPOSABLE THUMBS, FACIAL
EXPRESSIONS, AND EVEN EMPATHY

ALL DEFINE THEIR HUMAN-LIKE
CHARACTERISTICS AND IMPRESSIVE

INTELLIGENCE.

TODAY, WE'RE OFF TO HANG AROUND
WITH SOME OF THE MOST UNIQUE

PRIMATES ON THE PLANET, STARTING
WITH SOME LONG, LOVABLE, AND

LOUD MADAGASCAR LEMURS.

MILLIONS OF YEARS AGO, HUNDREDS
OF CAST AWAY CREATURES

CRASH-LANDED ON MADAGASCAR'S
RUGGED SHORES.

ISOLATED FROM THE MAINLAND,
EVOLUTION WENT INTO OVERDRIVE.

BIZARRE LIFE FORMS THRIVED
THROUGHOUT THE ISLAND'S VARIED

LANDS...

...FUELING SUPERNATURAL LEGENDS
AMONG THE PEOPLE WHO EVENTUALLY

SET FOOT ON MADAGASCAR'S MAGICAL
AND MYSTICAL SANDS.

IN THE RAINFOREST REGION OF
ANDASIBE, EACH MORNING BEGINS

WITH A HAUNTING SOUND.

[HOWLING]

[HOWLING CONTINUES]

THE INDRI'S TERRITORIAL CALL
CAN BE HEARD MORE THAN

HALF-A-MILE AWAY.

[INDRIS HOWLING]

[HOWLING CONTINUES]

AT MORE THAN TWO FEET TALL,
IT'S THE LARGEST LIVING LEMUR.

[INDRIS HOWLING]

[HOWLING CONTINUES]

EARLY BIOLOGISTS ASSOCIATED
THIS CRY WITH THAT OF ROMAN

MYTHOLOGY LEMURS, OR SPIRITS OF
THE DEAD.

THIS GAVE RISE TO THE NAMING OF
ALL MADAGASCAR'S UNIQUE

PRIMATES.

INDRIS ARE THE ONLY LEMURS WHICH
THROUGH EVOLUTION HAVE LOST

VIRTUALLY ALL OF THEIR TAIL.

HOWEVER, THE ASSOCIATION WITH
THEIR APE COUSINS ENDS HERE.

LEMURS ARE A MUCH MORE PRIMITIVE
PRIMATE THAT ALSO SURVIVED

OUTSIDE OF MADAGASCAR.

BUT WHEN MONKEYS EVENTUALLY TOOK
HOLD ON THE MAINLAND, THE LEMURS

WERE WIPED OUT.

THE JOZANI FOREST LIES AT THE
HEART OF PEMBA ISLAND, ONE OF

THE BIGGEST ISLANDS OF ZANZIBAR.

ALONGSIDE THE VAST ARRAY OF
BIRDS, INSECTS, AND REPTILES,

IT'S HOME TO TWO SPECIES OF
PRIMATE.

SYKES' MONKEYS EAT VIRTUALLY
ANYTHING...

...LEAVES, RIPE FRUITS AND
FLOWERS, INSECTS, AND EVEN SMALL

VERTEBRATES.

HOWEVER, NOT EVERY PREY MAKES AN
EASY PICKING.

ZANZIBAR'S GIANT CARPENTER ANTS
ALSO HAVE A GIANT BITE.

AT JUST UNDER ONE INCH IN
LENGTH, THEY PUT UP A STRONG

DEFENSIVE FIGHT.

THIS MONKEY SOON REALIZES IT'S
BITTEN OFF MORE THAN IT CAN

CHEW.

THE OTHER PRIMATES HERE, MORE
RED COLOBUS MONKEYS, ARE STRICT

VEGETARIANS.

IT'S IDENTICAL TO THE SPECIES
FOUND ON PEMBA ISLAND, EXCEPT

THIS PARTICULAR POPULATION HAS
COME UP WITH A UNIQUE SOLUTION

TO THEIR ONGOING DIGESTION
PROBLEM.

INSTEAD OF SITTING AROUND
FEELING BLOATED AFTER A BELLY

FULL OF LEAVES, THESE MONKEYS
ARE ON A MISSION.

THEY SINGLE OUT THEIR TARGET AND
WAIT FOR THE RIGHT MOMENT TO

STRIKE.

WITHOUT WARNING, THEY LAUNCH
THEIR ATTACK.

[MAN SHOUTING]

IT'S A CONSTANT BATTLE FOR THE
ISLAND'S CHARCOAL SELLERS.

HERE IN JOZANI, RED COLOBUS
MONKEYS HAVE LONG WORKED OUT

THAT EATING CHARCOAL AIDS THE
DIGESTION OF EXOTIC LEAVES.

THIS LEARNED BEHAVIOR PASSED
DOWN FROM MOTHER TO YOUNG IS

UNIQUE TO UNGUJA'S TROOPS.

COMING UP, FIND OUT HOW THIS
TROOP OF LANGURS USES THESE DEER

TO HELP SPOT DANGER.

AND LATER, WE'LL DISCOVER WHY
THESE MONKEYS' NOSES NEVER RUN,

EVEN THOUGH IT LOOKS LIKE THEY
RAN AWAY.

PLUS, THESE PRIMATES ARE ALL
SHOOK UP.

.

NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO THE
MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: WELCOME TO SOUTH ASIA,
WHERE DEEP IN THE HEART OF

NORTHERN INDIA LIES RANTHAMBORE
NATIONAL PARK.

THESE VAST TREE-CLAD GORGES ARE
THE LARGEST UNTOUCHED FORESTS OF

THEIR KIND.

BUT TODAY, THIS SEEMINGLY
TRANQUIL VALLEY RINGS OUT WITH

THE SOUND OF ALARM CALLS.

A TROOP OF HANUMAN LANGURS HAS
SPOTTED AN INDIAN ROCK PYTHON

MOVING INTO THEIR DOMAIN.

[MONKEYS GRUNTING]

BUT INSTEAD OF RUNNING FOR THE
TREES, THESE MONKEYS ARE MOVING

CLOSER.

EVEN THE SMALLEST LANGURS CLOSE
IN, KEEPING A KEEN EYE ON THE

PYTHON AS IT MOVES AMONGST THE
LEAVES.

THANKS TO THE LANGURS'
NEIGHBORHOOD WATCH SYSTEM, THIS

SNAKES MOVES OFF IN SEARCH OF AN
EASIER TARGET.

AND THE TROOP CAN RETURN TO MUCH
MORE RELAXING ACTIVITIES.

THESE MONKEYS LIVE IN LARGE
TROOPS OF UP TO A HUNDRED

INDIVIDUALS.

IN THIS FAMILY, STICKING
TOGETHER MAKES LIFE SAFER FOR

EVERYONE.

AS THE BIGGEST DANGERS LIE ON
THE FOREST FLOOR, LIFE IN THE

TREES GIVES THE BEST CHANCE OF
SURVIVAL.

KEEPING AN EYE ON THE YOUNGER
LANGURS IS A FULL-TIME JOB, BUT

FORTUNATELY, WHEN IT COMES TO
PROTECTING THE TROOP, THE

LANGURS HAVE AN ALLY...

...SPOTTED DEER.

IN THE JUNGLE, MOST ANIMALS TRY
TO FIND THEIR OWN TERRITORY, BUT

THE DEER AND LANGURS OFTEN LIVE
SIDE-BY-SIDE.

FROM THEIR DIFFERENT VANTAGE
POINTS, THE TWO SPECIES ACTUALLY

GIVE EACH OTHER A BETTER CHANCE
OF SPOTTING ANY APPROACHING

DANGER.

THESE WOODS MIGHT LOOK LIKE
PARADISE, BUT EVEN IN THE MIDDAY

SUN, THEY NEED TO KEEP THEIR
EYES OPEN...

...ALTHOUGH SOME TAKE THIS DUTY
MORE SERIOUSLY THAN OTHERS.

COMING UP, THESE PRIMARILY
PEACEFUL PRIMATES WILL PROTECT

THEIR TERRITORY AT ALL COSTS.

PLUS, WE'LL SEE THE UPS AND
DOWNS OF LIFE IN THE JUNGLE FOR

THESE MACAQUES.

.

NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO THE
MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: MONKEYS CAN BE FOUND ALL
AROUND THE WORLD, BUT THE

MAJORITY ARE NATIVE TO SOUTH
AMERICA, AFRICA, AND ASIA.

TROPICAL AREAS WITH VAST FORESTS
ARE THE TYPICAL TERRESTRIAL HOME

FOR PRIMATES, BUT SOME LIKE TO
SUB THE WARMTH FOR THE BITTER

COLD, LIKE THE SNUB-NOSED
MONKEYS WE'RE ABOUT TO MEET.

AT THE HIGH ALTITUDES OF
SOUTHERN CHINA, SNOW BLANKETS

THE MOUNTAIN PEAKS ALL YEAR
AROUND.

BUT THIS REMOTE, UNWELCOMING
TERRAIN IS HOME TO MANY SPECIES

THAT HAVE ADAPTED TO ITS
CLIMATE, INCLUDING A TRULY

BIZARRE GROUP OF PRIMATES.

THIS SPECIES OF SNUB-NOSED
MONKEY MAKES THEIR HOME UP TO

TWO MILES ABOVE SEA LEVEL,

THE HIGHEST ALTITUDE OF
ANY PRIMATE.

AND UP HERE, SNOW CLOAKS THE
FORESTS FOR MONTHS.

AND IT'S THOUGHT THAT THIS
MONKEY'S SNUB-NOSE MAY HAVE

EVOLVED TO AVOID THE OTHERWISE
INEVITABLE FROSTBITE IN SUCH

HARSH CONDITIONS.

THEIR FUR, THANKFULLY, LOCKS IN
BODY HEAT.

SO, WHILE OTHER MAMMALS MUST
RETREAT TO THE WARMER VALLEYS,

THESE SNUB-NOSED MONKEYS HAVE
THE PICK OF THE CROP.

ALTHOUGH THERE'S NO FRUIT AT
THIS TIME OF YEAR, LICHENS AND

TREES PROVIDE NOURISHMENT.

IT SEEMS EVEN THIS BARK IS WORTH
A BITE.

SO, HERE IN THE BRANCHES, FOOD
IS EVERYWHERE.

DESPITE THE ABUNDANCE OF FOOD,
CONFLICTS BETWEEN GROUPS IS

COMMON,

AND TERRITORY MUST BE DEFENDED.

[MONKEY SHRIEKING]

LIVING IN GROUPS OF 60 MONKEYS,
THEY MUST WORK TOGETHER TO

PROTECT THEIR YOUNG, AND THE
ADULTS REMAIN ON HIGH ALERT FOR

ANY SIGN OF DANGER...

...LIKE A RIVAL ENTERING THEIR
TERRITORY.

AS THIS INTRUDER APPROACHES,
DEFENDING THE TERRITORY WILL

FALL TO THIS LARGE MALE.

[MONKEYS SHRIEKING]

AS THE BATTLE BEGINS, OTHER
GROUP MEMBERS GATHER TOGETHER

AND CALL AT THE INVADER.

AND THANKS TO THEIR HUGE CANINE
TEETH, FIGHTS LIKE THESE CAN BE

ROUGH.

THE CHALLENGER IS SPIRITED AND
POWERFUL.

[MONKEY GROANING]

BUT EVENTUALLY, THE PACK'S
BIGGEST MALE ASSERTS HIS

DOMINANCE, AND THE CHALLENGER IS
FORCED TO FLEE.

THEY ARE HIGHLY AGILE, TRAVELING
AT SPEED THROUGH THE TREES AND

OFTEN LANDING ON TWO FEET.

NOTORIOUS FOR THIS HUMAN-LIKE
WALKING AND THEIR STRANGE CALLS,

IT'S EASY TO SEE WHY THESE
MONKEYS MAY HAVE INSPIRED THE

LEGEND OF THE YETI.

AT NIGHT, AS TEMPERATURES
PLUNGE, THE WHOLE TROOP MUST

ONCE AGAIN WORK TOGETHER.

SLEEPING IN CLUSTERS LIKE THIS
WILL BE ESSENTIAL IF THEY ARE TO

SURVIVE THE WINTER IN THIS
FROZEN CORNER OF THE FAR EAST.

COMING UP, THESE PERCEPTIVE
PRIMATES HAVE PERFECTED LIFE IN

THE WILD.

.

NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO THE
MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: THE MYSTERIOUS LAND THAT
MARKS ASIA'S EASTERN BORDER WITH

THE MIGHTY PACIFIC OCEAN
STRETCHES ALMOST 5,000 MILES

FROM SOUTH OF THE EQUATOR TO THE
ARCTIC CIRCLE.

THESE DIVERSE HABITATS COVERING
ALMOST TEN MILLION SQUARE MILES

ARE KNOWN AS THE FAR EAST.

FROM TAIWAN'S DENSELY FORESTED
MOUNTAINS...

...TO THE SEA ICE NORTH OF
JAPAN,

THE FAR EAST IS A PLACE OF TRULY
EPIC NATURAL BEAUTY.

AND THIS SURPRISINGLY DIVERSE
HABITAT IS HOME TO MANY OF THE

WEIRDEST AND MOST MYSTERIOUS
ANIMALS ON EARTH.

THIS JUNGLE IS HOME TO A SPECIES
OF PRIMATE THAT HAS ADAPTED TO

MANY OF TAIWAN'S DIFFERENT
TERRAINS.

THEY'RE KNOWN AS FORMOSAN ROCK
MACAQUES, BUT ARE COMMONLY FOUND

IN THE TREES...

...WHERE MOST OF THEIR TIME IS
SPENT SEARCHING FOR FOOD.

THEY WILL EAT ALMOST ANYTHING,
A MIX OF LEAVES,

GRASSES...

...AND FRUITS.

HIGHLY INTELLIGENT, THESE
MACAQUES ARE ALWAYS THINKING UP

NEW WAYS TO MAKE FORAGING
EASIER...

...LIKE SHAKING THE FRUIT ONTO
THE FOREST FLOOR.

THESE INGENIOUS MACAQUES HAVE
ALSO LEARNED TO FISH FOR

CATERPILLARS, HOISTING THEM UP
BY THEIR SILKS.

BUT SOMETIMES ONLY A CERTAIN
LEAF WILL DO.

WITH SO MUCH FOOD, THERE'S
PLENTY OF TIME FOR THIS TROOP TO

SPEND BUILDING THEIR STRONG
SOCIAL BONDS.

GROOMING MAINTAINS THE HIERARCHY

AND REQUIRES CONCENTRATION AND

ATTENTION TO DETAIL.

A KEEN EYE WILL BE REWARDED WITH
A TASTY TREAT, AND SOME BECOME

OBSESSIVE,

ALTHOUGH NOT EVERYONE'S
FLEAS ARE CONSIDERED

A DELICACY.

BUT THEY MUST ALWAYS REMAIN
VIGILANT.

THE YOUNGEST MACAQUES ARE
CONSTANTLY UNDER THREAT FROM

AERIAL PREDATORS, SUCH AS
HAWKS...

[HAWK SHRIEKING]

...BUT MOSTLY FROM LONE MALES
WANDERING INTO THEIR TERRITORY

LOOKING FOR TROUBLE.

ALTHOUGH THESE MACAQUES HAVE A
STRONG FEMALE HIERARCHY,

IT'S THE MALES THAT MUST DEFEND
THE PACK AGAINST INTRUDERS.

LUCKILY, THIS TIME, IT'S A FALSE
ALARM.

PRIMATES HAVE BEEN WALKING,
RUNNING,

AND SWINGING AROUND EARTH
FOR MILLIONS OF YEARS.

CONSIDERED THE SMARTEST ORDER IN
THE ANIMAL KINGDOM, THEIR

ABILITY TO COMMUNICATE,

EMPATHIZE,

AND TO LOVE MAKES THEM
STAND ABOVE THE REST.

THE BOND THAT THESE ANIMALS HAVE
WITH THEIR FAMILIES AND THEIR

COMMUNITY IS TRULY SOMETHING
SPECIAL TO WITNESS.

THANK YOU FOR JOINING US TODAY
AS WE GOT TO HANG OUT WITH SOME

PERKY, PROSPEROUS PRIMATES.

LIFE IN THE WILD ISN'T ALWAYS
EASY, AND SURVIVING TAKES

INGENUITY, STRENGTH, AND
ADAPTABILITY.

BUT FOR SPECIES LIKE THESE, EVEN
IN THE WILD THERE'S ALWAYS A

LITTLE TIME TO MONKEY AROUND.

WE'LL SEE YOU NEXT TIME ON
"EARTH ODYSSEY".

[MUSIC]