All language subtitles for Earth.Odyssey.With.Dylan.Dreyer.S04E02.1080p.WEB.h264-DiRT_track3_[eng]

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NARRATOR: WHEN YOU SEE THIS
SYMBOL, YOU KNOW YOU'RE WATCHING

TELEVISION THAT IS EDUCATIONAL
AND INFORMATIONAL.

THE MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

DYLAN: HI, EVERYBODY, I'M DYLAN
DREYER AND THIS IS "EARTH

ODYSSEY".

TODAY, WE TAKE A QUEST AROUND
THE WORLD TO FIND THE SMARTEST

SPECIES IN THE ANIMAL KINGDOM.

WE BEGIN IN THAILAND WHERE A
TROOP OF LONG-TAILED MACAQUES

USES THIS TOOL THAT PROVES THAT
THEY ARE NO FOOL.

THEN, THESE SCAVENGERS HAVE
FOUND A WAY TO BREAK UP THEIR

MEALS THROUGHOUT THE DAY.

AND LATER, THIS SPECIES OF
PRIMATE TREATS ITS FOOD WITH

CLEANLINESS AND CARE.

PLUS, THESE MAMMALS ARE MASTERS
OF HUNTING, BUT THEIR SUPREME

INTELLIGENCE MAKES IT NEARLY
IMPOSSIBLE FOR THEIR PREY TO GET

AWAY.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: ON THE COAST OF
AUSTRALIA LIVES ONE OF THE RARE

CREATURES THAT DOESN'T HAVE A
BRAIN.

THE BOX JELLYFISH.

WHILE IT'S ABLE TO SURVIVE BY
CATCHING PREY IN ITS VENOMOUS

TENTACLES, IT HAS NO TRUE
INTELLIGENCE.

ON THE OTHER END OF THE
SPECTRUM, THE WILD IS ALSO FULL

OF REAL GENIUSES CAPABLE OF
STAGGERING DISPLAYS OF THOUGHT,

CALCULATION, AND EVEN
COMPASSION.

LET'S MEET SOME OF THEM,
BEGINNING WITH A VERY

PROFESSORIAL PRIMATE.

THE NATURAL WORLD IS FULL OF
REAL GENIUSES, CAPABLE OF

STAGGERING DISPLAYS OF THOUGHT,
CALCULATION, AND EVEN

COMPASSION.

AND HERE IN THAILAND, ONE GROUP
OF ANIMALS HAS DEVELOPED AN

ABILITY THAT DEMONSTRATES A
LEVEL OF INTELLIGENCE USUALLY

FOUND ONLY IN HUMANS.

MOST LONG-TAILED MACAQUES SPEND
THEIR LIVES AMONGST THE TREES,

EATING FRUIT.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: BUT AT LOW TIDE, THIS
EXTRAORDINARY TROOP HAS LEARNED

TO USE TOOLS TO HARVEST SEAFOOD.

TWICE DAILY, THE MACAQUES
GATHER, WAITING PATIENTLY FOR

THE TIDE TO GO OUT.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: AS THE WATER RECEDES, IT
EXPOSES ROCKS ENCRUSTED WITH

SHELLFISH.

BUT THESE MOLLUSKS HAVE A TOUGH
ARMOR AND IT CAN BE A STRUGGLE

TO CRACK THEM OPEN.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: SIMPLY BASHING THEM
AGAINST THE ROCKS IS A SLOW AND

OFTEN WASTED EFFORT.

BUT OUT OF NECESSITY COMES
INVENTION.

INCREDIBLY, THESE MACAQUES HAVE
LEARNED TO USE STONES AS TOOLS.

MUCH THE SAME AS OUR OWN EARLY
ANCESTORS, THESE MACAQUES USE

STONES AS MAKESHIFT HAMMERS.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: APPLYING THE PERFECT
FORCE TO GENTLY OPEN THE

MOLLUSKS.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: AND MACAQUES DEMONSTRATE
THEIR INTELLIGENCE EVEN FURTHER.

SELECTING DIFFERENT SHAPED
STONES FOR EACH TASK.

CHISELING OFF OYSTERS REQUIRES A
SHARP-POINTED STONE.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: WHILE A HEAVY FLAT STONE
IS USED TO PENETRATE SHELLFISH,

NUTS, AND CRABS.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: FEW ANIMALS ON EARTH ARE
ABLE TO DEMONSTRATE SUCH

DEXTERITY WITH STONE TOOLS.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: FOR SOME MACAQUES,
HOWEVER, HONING THEIR TECHNIQUE

TAKES LONGER THAN OTHERS.

THOUGH, PRACTICE, EVENTUALLY,
MAKES PERFECT.

BUT ACCESS TO THIS BOUNTY
DOESN'T LAST LONG.

AND THE TROOP MUST MOVE QUICKLY
ALONG THE COASTLINE AT EACH LOW

TIDE.

THEY HAVE JUST A FEW HOURS TO
PRY OFF AS MANY AS THEY CAN,

BEFORE THE SEA WILL SUBMERGE THE
ROCKS ONCE MORE.

THIS IS ONE OF THE FEW PLACES ON
EARTH WHERE PRIMATES HAVE BEEN

OBSERVED PERFORMING THIS RARE
ABILITY.

COMING UP, THESE VULTURES HAVE A
SKILL THAT HELPS THEM BREAK DOWN

BREAKFAST.

LATER, THESE MACAQUES MUST CLEAN
THEIR FOOD BEFORE THEY CLEAN

THEIR PLATE.

PLUS, THESE WHALES CHANNEL THEIR
INGENIOUS HUNTING SKILLS WHEN

THEY'RE ON THE PROWL IN THE
CHANNELS OF PATAGONIA.

ALL THIS AND MORE, NEXT, ON
"EARTHY ODYSSEY".

.

NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO THE
MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: WELCOME BACK TO "EARTHY
ODYSSEY".

HIGH UP IN ETHIOPIA'S SIMIAN
MOUNTAINS, THE PLANET'S MOST

NOTORIOUS SCAVENGER HAS DEVISED
AN INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUE TO

ASSIST WITH ITS UNIQUE DIETARY
REQUIREMENTS.

WITH A WINGSPAN OF ALMOST TEN
FEET, THE LAMMERGEIER VULTURE IS

ONE OF THE WORLD'S LARGEST
BIRDS.

IT'S ALSO THE ONLY CREATURE ON
THE PLANET WITH A DIET MADE UP

MOSTLY OF BONES.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: WHILE OTHER HAWKS PICK
THE FLESH FROM THIS CARCASS...

...THE LAMMERGEIER VULTURE HAS A
HIGHLY ACIDIC STOMACH.

ENABLING IT TO COMPLETELY DIGEST
SOLID BONE.

ALTHOUGH, EVEN FOR THIS GIANT,
THERE ARE LIMITS TO THE PORTION

SIZE IT CAN SWALLOW.

SO, THIS REMARKABLE BIRD HAS
DEVELOPED AN INTELLIGENT

STRATEGY TO CONSUME EVEN THE
BIGGEST BONES.

IN FACT, THE BIGGER THE BONE,
THE BETTER.

THE VULTURE'S TALONS AREN'T
STRONG ENOUGH TO SNAP THE BONE.

HE'S GOING TO NEED A LITTLE
HELP.

TRANSPORTING OVERSIZED BONES TO
A HEIGHT OF AROUND 500 FEET,

IT'S THEN TIME TO LET GO.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: THEY REPEAT THIS BONE
BREAKING TECHNIQUE UP TO 30

TIMES.

UNTIL THE FRAGMENTS ARE SMALL
ENOUGH TO SWALLOW.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: BUT EVEN AFTER ALL THAT
EFFORT, THE SIZE OF THE BONES

THE VULTURES CAN SWALLOW IS
ENOUGH TO MAKE YOUR EYES WATER.

THE VULTURES USE OF GRAVITY TO
HELP BREAK UP THEIR FOOD SHOWS A

CLEAR UNDERSTANDING OF CAUSE AND
EFFECT.

COMING UP, THESE MAMMALS HAVE A
RESOURCEFUL SKILL THAT ALLOWS

THEM TO TAKE A WHALE OF A BITE
IN SHALLOW WATERS.

BUT FIRST, THESE JAPANESE
MACAQUES ARE PROVING THAT THEY

HAVE THE CLEAN-CUT WAY TO
SANITIZE THEIR FOOD.

.

NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO THE
MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: AS WE'VE SEEN, PRIMATES
ARE SOME OF THE MOST INTELLIGENT

ANIMALS ON THE PLANET.

THEY CAN USE TOOLS, COMMUNICATE
EXTREMELY WELL, EVEN EXPRESS

EMOTIONS.

ALL PRIMATES SHARE THESE
CHARACTERISTICS WITH HUMANS, BUT

THERE IS ONE TYPE OF MONKEY
YOU'RE ABOUT TO MEET WITH A

UNIQUE, HEALTHY HABIT THAT MIGHT
LOOK PARTICULARLY FAMILIAR.

TAKE A LOOK.

HERE, ON THE BEACHES OF KOSHIMA,
A GROUP OF JAPANESE MACAQUES

HAVE EVOLVED A CULINARY
PREFERENCE FOR WASHING THEIR

FOOD BEFORE EATING.

SCIENTISTS HAVE COME HERE TO
MONITOR THIS UNIQUE BEHAVIOR.

LIKE ANY PICNIC ON THE BEACH,
THE MACAQUE'S FOOD ALWAYS GETS

COVERED IN SAND.

AND NO ONE LIKES SAND IN THEIR
MOUTH.

SO, THE MACAQUES HAVE COME UP
WITH A SOLUTION.

THEY ALWAYS WASH WHAT THEY EAT.

USING THEIR HIGHLY DEXTEROUS
FINGERS, THEY CLEAN AND PEEL

THEIR FOOD.

AND EVEN SEASON THEIR LUNCH,
DIPPING IT IN THE SALTY WATER

BETWEEN BITES.

IT'S THE FACT THAT THIS BEHAVIOR
IS SELF-TAUGHT THAT MAKES IT SO

FASCINATING.

CHOOSING TO WASH THEIR FOOD
SEEMS TO DEMONSTRATE A FAR

HIGHER LEVEL OF INTELLIGENCE
THAN SIMPLY EATING IT AS THEY

FIND IT.

THE YOUNG MACAQUES WITNESS THE
ELDER'S EATING HABITS AND CHOOSE

TO FOLLOW SUIT, IN ORDER TO FIT
IN.

BY THE TIME THEY'VE MASTERED THE
TECHNIQUE, AT AROUND TWO AND A

HALF, THEY'VE DEVELOPED A TASTE
FOR THE SALTY SNACKS.

AND SOME SIMPLY CAN'T GET
ENOUGH.

SOME RESEARCHERS ARGUE THE FACT
THAT ONLY THIS GROUP OF MACAQUES

HAS DEVELOPED AND PASSED DOWN
THIS UNIQUE BEHAVIOR SHOWS IT'S

A LEARNED CULTURE AND A
SELF-TAUGHT BEHAVIOR INDICATES

AN ANIMAL'S UNDERLYING
INTELLIGENCE.

HERE IN AFRICA, THE WEAVER BIRD
IS ONE ANIMAL THAT MANY BELIEVE

DEMONSTRATES ADVANCED PROBLEM
SOLVING.

THEY BUILD NESTS SO COMPLEX AND
INTRICATE, EVEN HUMANS FIND IT

DIFFICULT TO EMULATE.

EACH SPECIES' NESTS ARE UNIQUE.

BUT THEY ALL REQUIRE CAREFUL
PLANNING AND DESIGN.

THEY USE A VARIETY OF PLANT
MATERIALS TO BUILD WITH.

AND USING ONLY ITS BEAK, THE
WEAVER BIRD CAN ACTUALLY TIE

KNOTS.

IT'S THIS SKILL THAT ALLOWS THEM
TO CREATE SUCH STRONG AND

ELABORATE CONSTRUCTIONS.

CHOOSING A BRANCH HANGING OVER
WATER, THE BIRDS ALSO BUILD A

NARROW TUBE-LIKE ENTRANCE TO
DETER PREDATORS.

THE MALES DO ALL THIS AS PART OF
THEIR COURTSHIP AND ONLY THE

MOST IMPRESSIVE NESTS WILL
ATTRACT A FEMALE.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: OFTEN, THEY MUST BE TORN
DOWN MANY TIMES UNTIL IT MEETS

HER REQUIREMENTS.

AND IT'S THIS PROCESS WHERE THE
WEAVERS DISPLAY THEIR ABILITY TO

LEARN.

THEY'RE NOT BORN WITH AN INNATE
ABILITY TO MAKE THE PERFECT

NEST.

INSTEAD, THEY MUST USE THEIR
INTELLIGENCE TO ADJUST THEIR

TECHNIQUE AND HONE THEIR SKILLS.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: ALL SO THA THEY CAN
BUILD THE PERFECT HOME.

COMING UP, THESE ORCAS HAVE AN
INNOVATIVE METHOD OF CATCHING A

SEAL FOR THEIR NEXT MEAL.

.

NARRATOR: WE NOW RETURN TO THE
MORE YOU KNOW ON NBC.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: THE PLANET'S MOST
CLINICAL PREDATOR DEMONSTRATES

THEIR INTELLIGENCE BY TEACHING
THEIR YOUNG AN INGENIOUS WAY TO

HUNT.

IN EVERY OCEAN ON EARTH, PODS OF
ORCA ALL DEVELOP THEIR OWN

UNIQUE HUNTING TECHNIQUES.

BUT THIS PATAGONIAN SHORELINE IS
ONE OF ONLY TWO PLACES IN THE

WORLD WHERE ORCAS HAVE LEARNED
TO PURPOSEFULLY STRAND

THEMSELVES AS THEY ATTEMPT TO
CATCH SEAL PUPS PLAYING ON THE

BEACH.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: IN BREEDING SEASON, THIS
AMBUSH TACTIC IS HIGHLY

SUCCESSFUL.

BUT THEY DON'T ALWAYS GET IT
RIGHT AND THE ORCA RISK DEATH IF

THEY ARE UNABLE TO WRIGGLE BACK
INTO DEEPER WATER.

THE ORCAS, HOWEVER, HAVE THE
INTELLIGENCE TO KNOW THAT THIS

IS A HIGH-RISK STRATEGY.

SO TODAY, EVEN BEFORE THE SEAL
PUPS HAVE BEEN BORN, THESE ORCAS

HAVE GATHERED HERE FOR A
TRAINING SESSION.

THE ORCA ARE WAITING NEAR THE
ENTRANCE TO A LAGOON.

THEY KNOW THIS AREA HAS A LARGE
TIDAL RANGE.

GRADUALLY, THE ATLANTIC WATERS
FLOOD A HIDDEN CHANNEL, ALLOWING

THE ORCAS TO SWIM IN.

ONCE INSIDE THE LAGOON, THE
BIGGEST ORCA NOW DEMONSTRATES

HOW TO TIME ITS ATTACK WITH THE
SURGE OF A WAVE.

WAITING FOR THE NEXT WAVE TO
MANEUVER BACK INTO DEEPER WATER.

THE YOUNG ORCAS ARE THEN FORCED
TO PRACTICE THIS BEACHING

TECHNIQUE.

[MUSIC]

DYLAN: FOR THE ORCAS, THIS
PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT.

IT MAY BE RISKY, BUT BY
PRACTICING IN ADVANCE, THEY

DEMONSTRATE EXTREMELY HIGH
INTELLIGENCE, ENABLING THE

YOUNGSTERS TO LEARN THIS SKILL
IN A LOWER PRESSURE ENVIRONMENT.

IT'S THIS LEVEL OF INTELLIGENCE
THAT MAKES THE OCEAN'S LARGEST

DOLPHIN ALSO ITS DEADLIEST
PREDATOR.

THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR JOINING US
ON OUR QUEST TO FIND THE

SMARTEST CREATURES IN THE ANIMAL
KINGDOM.

INTELLIGENCE IS A VITAL SKILL
FOR SURVIVAL AND IT CAN BE FOUND

IN THE MOST UNFAMILIAR PLACES,
WITH THE MOST UNEXPECTED

ANIMALS.

WE'LL SEE YOU AGAIN ON ANOTHER
"EARTH ODYSSEY".

[MUSIC]