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Our world, warm, comfortable, familiar...
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00:00:16,641 --> 00:00:20,061
...but when we look up, we wonder:
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00:00:20,186 --> 00:00:25,567
Do we occupy a special
place in the cosmos?
4
00:00:25,692 --> 00:00:29,529
Or are we merely a celestial footnote
5
00:00:29,654 --> 00:00:35,702
Is the universe welcoming or hostile?
6
00:00:36,619 --> 00:00:41,082
We could stand here forever, wondering
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00:00:43,293 --> 00:00:49,841
Or we could leave home on
the ultimate adventure
8
00:01:00,518 --> 00:01:04,022
To discover wonders
9
00:01:06,399 --> 00:01:10,028
Confront horrors
10
00:01:12,322 --> 00:01:16,159
Beautiful new worlds
11
00:01:17,660 --> 00:01:21,581
Malevolent dark forces
12
00:01:26,628 --> 00:01:29,964
The Beginning of time.
13
00:01:31,132 --> 00:01:35,428
The moment of creation.
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00:01:36,429 --> 00:01:41,518
Would we have the courage
to see it through?
15
00:01:42,727 --> 00:01:46,439
Or would we run for home?
16
00:01:47,816 --> 00:01:51,736
There's only one way to find out
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00:02:14,634 --> 00:02:20,473
Our journey through time and
space begins with a single step.
18
00:02:20,598 --> 00:02:25,478
At the edge of space, only 60 miles up...
19
00:02:25,603 --> 00:02:29,524
...just an hour's drive from home
20
00:02:32,777 --> 00:02:35,488
Down there, life continues.
21
00:02:35,613 --> 00:02:40,035
The traffic is awful, stocks go on trading...
22
00:02:40,160 --> 00:02:44,414
...and Star Trek is still showing
23
00:02:59,220 --> 00:03:05,435
When we return home, if we return home...
24
00:03:06,686 --> 00:03:08,521
...will it be the same?
25
00:03:08,646 --> 00:03:12,609
Will we be the same?
26
00:03:17,697 --> 00:03:21,076
We have to leave all this behind
27
00:03:21,201 --> 00:03:26,289
To dip out toes into the vast dark ocean
28
00:03:27,248 --> 00:03:31,878
On to the Moon.
29
00:04:08,873 --> 00:04:12,794
Dozens of astronauts have
come this way before us
30
00:04:12,919 --> 00:04:18,049
Twelve walked on the moon itself
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00:04:21,594 --> 00:04:25,640
Just a quarter of a million miles from home.
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00:04:25,765 --> 00:04:29,728
Three days by spacecraft
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00:04:36,359 --> 00:04:38,903
Barren.
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00:04:39,029 --> 00:04:41,948
Desolate.
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00:04:44,200 --> 00:04:48,496
It's like a deserted battlefield
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00:04:49,330 --> 00:04:52,625
But oddly familiar.
37
00:04:52,792 --> 00:04:57,714
So close, we've barely left home
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00:05:09,809 --> 00:05:14,898
Neil Armstrong's first footprints.
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00:05:15,023 --> 00:05:18,276
Looks like they were made yesterday
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00:05:18,401 --> 00:05:21,571
There's no air to change them.
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00:05:21,696 --> 00:05:26,368
They could survive for millions of years
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00:05:27,452 --> 00:05:30,789
Maybe longer than us.
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00:05:37,379 --> 00:05:40,548
Our time is limited
44
00:05:40,674 --> 00:05:45,303
We need to take our own giant leap
45
00:05:46,971 --> 00:05:52,811
One million miles, 5
million, 20 million miles.
46
00:05:52,936 --> 00:05:59,067
We're far beyond where any
human has ever ventured
47
00:06:00,568 --> 00:06:04,698
Out of the darkness, a friendly face
48
00:06:04,823 --> 00:06:11,162
The goddess of love, Venus.
49
00:06:14,416 --> 00:06:17,544
The morning star.
50
00:06:17,669 --> 00:06:20,964
The evening star.
51
00:06:22,090 --> 00:06:26,970
She can welcome the new day in the east...
52
00:06:27,303 --> 00:06:30,807
...say good night in the west
53
00:06:38,440 --> 00:06:41,443
A sister to our planet...
54
00:06:41,568 --> 00:06:46,781
...she's about the same
size and gravity as Earth.
55
00:06:46,906 --> 00:06:50,243
We should be safe here
56
00:06:52,120 --> 00:06:56,875
But the Venus Express space
probe is setting off alarms
57
00:06:57,000 --> 00:07:03,381
It's telling us, these dazzling clouds,
they're made of deadly sulfuric acid
58
00:07:03,506 --> 00:07:09,554
The atmosphere is choking
with carbon dioxide
59
00:07:15,352 --> 00:07:22,525
Never expected this Venus
is one angry goddess.
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00:07:23,985 --> 00:07:29,157
The air is noxious, the
pressure unbearable.
61
00:07:29,282 --> 00:07:35,497
And it's hot, approaching 900 degrees
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00:07:36,331 --> 00:07:41,211
Stick around and we'd
be corroded suffocated,
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00:07:41,336 --> 00:07:44,255
crushed and baked
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00:07:51,513 --> 00:07:55,767
Nothing can survive here.
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00:07:57,394 --> 00:08:01,439
Not even this Soviet robotic probe.
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00:08:01,564 --> 00:08:08,029
Its heavy armor's been trashed
by the extreme atmosphere.
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00:08:21,126 --> 00:08:28,216
So lovely from Earth, up
close, this goddess is hideous
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00:08:45,275 --> 00:08:47,861
She's the sister from hell.
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00:08:47,986 --> 00:08:52,490
Pockmarked by thousands of volcanoes
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00:08:52,615 --> 00:08:56,786
All that carbon dioxide is
trapping the Sun's heat.
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00:08:56,911 --> 00:08:59,289
Venus is burning up.
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00:08:59,414 --> 00:09:03,626
It's global warming gone wild
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00:09:03,752 --> 00:09:08,673
Before it took hold, maybe
Venus was beautiful, calm...
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00:09:08,798 --> 00:09:12,635
...more like her sister planet, Earth.
75
00:09:12,761 --> 00:09:17,349
So this could be Earth's future
76
00:09:19,851 --> 00:09:22,520
Where are the twinkling stars?
77
00:09:22,645 --> 00:09:26,983
The beautiful spheres
gliding through space?
78
00:09:27,108 --> 00:09:33,365
Maybe we shouldn't be out
here, maybe we should turn back
79
00:09:33,490 --> 00:09:38,745
But there's something about the Sun,
something hypnotic, like the Medusa
80
00:09:38,870 --> 00:09:44,459
Too terrible to look at, too powerful to resist
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00:09:44,709 --> 00:09:51,424
Luring us onward on,
like a moth to a flame.
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00:09:53,760 --> 00:10:00,350
Wait, there's something
else, obscured by the sun
83
00:10:00,475 --> 00:10:03,770
It must be Mercury.
84
00:10:04,604 --> 00:10:10,694
Get too close to the sun,
this is what happens.
85
00:10:10,819 --> 00:10:13,822
Temperatures swing wildly here
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00:10:13,947 --> 00:10:18,785
At night, it's minus 275 degrees...
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00:10:18,910 --> 00:10:23,957
...come midday, it's 800 plus.
88
00:10:26,459 --> 00:10:30,463
Burnt then frozen.
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00:10:36,011 --> 00:10:41,433
The MESSENGER space probe is
telling us something strange.
90
00:10:41,558 --> 00:10:48,023
For its size, Mercury has a
powerful gravitational pull.
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00:10:49,899 --> 00:10:55,655
It's a huge ball of iron, covered
with a thin veneer of rock
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The core of what was once
a much larger planet.
93
00:11:01,953 --> 00:11:03,997
So where's the rest of it?
94
00:11:04,122 --> 00:11:08,126
Maybe a stray planet
slammed into Mercury...
95
00:11:08,251 --> 00:11:15,884
...blasting away its outer layers
in a deadly game of cosmic pinball
96
00:11:18,470 --> 00:11:25,226
Whole worlds on the loose careening
wildly across the cosmos...
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00:11:25,352 --> 00:11:28,480
...destroying anything in their path
98
00:11:28,605 --> 00:11:31,149
And we're in the middle of it
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00:11:31,274 --> 00:11:35,278
Vulnerable, exposed, small
100
00:11:35,403 --> 00:11:39,741
Everything is telling us to turn back.
101
00:11:39,866 --> 00:11:43,495
But who could defy this?
102
00:11:43,620 --> 00:11:50,085
The Sun in all its mesmerizing splendor
103
00:11:51,461 --> 00:11:56,007
Our light, our lives...
104
00:11:56,132 --> 00:12:00,011
...everything we do is controlled by the Sun
105
00:12:00,136 --> 00:12:03,515
Depends on it
106
00:12:03,932 --> 00:12:10,563
It's the Greek god Helios driving
his chariot across the sky
107
00:12:10,689 --> 00:12:15,235
The Egyptian god Ra reborn every day
108
00:12:15,360 --> 00:12:19,781
The summer solstice sun
rising at Stonehenge.
109
00:12:19,906 --> 00:12:21,700
For millions of years...
110
00:12:21,825 --> 00:12:29,916
...this was as close as it got
to staring into the face of God
111
00:12:40,385 --> 00:12:42,429
It's so far away...
112
00:12:42,554 --> 00:12:49,769
...it is burned out, we wouldn't
know about it for eight minutes
113
00:12:52,022 --> 00:12:58,486
It's so Big, you could fit
one million Earths inside it
114
00:13:14,711 --> 00:13:20,133
But who needs numbers?
we've got the real thing
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We see it every day, a
familiar face in our sky
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00:13:30,226 --> 00:13:36,733
Now, up close, it's unrecognizable.
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A turbulent sea of incandescent gas
118
00:13:43,740 --> 00:13:48,536
The thermometer pushes 10,000 degrees...
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00:13:51,373 --> 00:13:59,547
...can't imagine how hot the core is,
could be tens of millions of degrees
120
00:14:10,934 --> 00:14:14,854
Hot enough to transform
millions of tons of matter...
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...into energy every second
122
00:14:19,651 --> 00:14:25,448
More than all the energy
ever made by mankind
123
00:14:25,699 --> 00:14:30,620
Dwarfing the power of all
the nuclear weapons on Earth.
124
00:14:30,745 --> 00:14:37,043
Back home, we use this
energy for light and heat
125
00:14:37,585 --> 00:14:43,842
But up close, there's nothing
comforting about the Sun.
126
00:14:45,635 --> 00:14:53,476
Its electrical and magnetic forces
erupt in giant molten gas loops.
127
00:14:53,601 --> 00:14:57,939
Some are larger than a dozen Earths
128
00:14:58,064 --> 00:15:02,736
More powerful than 10 million volcanoes.
129
00:15:19,085 --> 00:15:26,092
And when they burst through they
expose cooler layers below...
130
00:15:26,468 --> 00:15:30,263
...making sunspots.
131
00:15:32,182 --> 00:15:37,354
A fraction cooler than their
surrounding, sunspots look black...
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00:15:37,479 --> 00:15:40,899
...but they're hotter than anything on Earth.
133
00:15:41,024 --> 00:15:48,573
And massive up to 20
times the size of Earth.
134
00:16:06,424 --> 00:16:11,846
But one day, all this will stop
135
00:16:11,971 --> 00:16:15,934
The Sun's fuel will be spent.
136
00:16:21,815 --> 00:16:27,320
And when it dies, the Earth will follow
137
00:16:31,616 --> 00:16:36,996
This god creates life, destroys it...
138
00:16:37,122 --> 00:16:41,251
...and demands we keep out distance
139
00:16:51,052 --> 00:16:54,848
This comet strayed too close
140
00:16:54,973 --> 00:16:58,727
The Sun's heat is boiling it away...
141
00:16:58,852 --> 00:17:05,233
...creating a tail that
stretches for millions of miles.
142
00:17:17,328 --> 00:17:20,081
It's freezing in here.
143
00:17:20,206 --> 00:17:27,964
There's no doubt where this comet's from,
the icy wastes of deep space
144
00:17:29,841 --> 00:17:34,929
But all this steam and geysers and dust...
145
00:17:35,055 --> 00:17:41,102
...it's the Sun again, melting
the comet's frozen heart.
146
00:17:41,227 --> 00:17:42,937
Strange.
147
00:17:43,063 --> 00:17:50,403
A kind of vast, dirty
snowball, covered in grimy tar
148
00:17:52,655 --> 00:17:55,825
Tiny grains of what looks
like organic material...
149
00:17:55,950 --> 00:18:01,664
...preserved on ice,
since who knows when...
150
00:18:02,248 --> 00:18:07,754
...maybe even the beginning
of the solar system.
151
00:18:08,755 --> 00:18:14,260
Say a comet like this crashed into
the young Earth billions of years ago.
152
00:18:14,386 --> 00:18:18,682
Maybe it delivered organic
material and water...
153
00:18:18,807 --> 00:18:21,518
...the raw ingredients of life
154
00:18:21,643 --> 00:18:24,813
It may even have sown the
seeds of life on Earth...
155
00:18:24,938 --> 00:18:29,776
...that evolved into you and me
156
00:18:40,161 --> 00:18:44,708
But say it crashed into the Earth now
157
00:18:44,833 --> 00:18:52,674
Think of the dinosaurs, wiped
out by a comet or asteroid strike
158
00:18:54,134 --> 00:18:57,053
It's only a question of time.
159
00:18:57,178 --> 00:19:04,019
Eventually, one day, we'll
go the way of the dinosaurs
160
00:19:12,819 --> 00:19:18,616
If life on Earth was wiped
out, we'd be stuck out here...
161
00:19:18,742 --> 00:19:24,622
...homeless, adrift in a hostile universe
162
00:19:24,748 --> 00:19:28,585
We'd need to find another home
163
00:19:29,127 --> 00:19:32,964
Among the millions, billions of planets...
164
00:19:33,089 --> 00:19:39,387
...there must be one that's not too hot,
not too cold, with air, sunlight, water...
165
00:19:39,512 --> 00:19:45,435
...where, like Goldilocks,
we could comfortably live
166
00:19:50,357 --> 00:19:52,942
The red planet
167
00:19:53,068 --> 00:19:57,405
Unmistakably Mars.
168
00:20:00,158 --> 00:20:03,787
For centuries, we've looked
to Mars for company...
169
00:20:03,912 --> 00:20:07,165
...for signs of life
170
00:20:15,465 --> 00:20:20,720
Could there be extraterrestrial life here?
171
00:20:23,306 --> 00:20:28,311
Are we ready to rewrite the history books,
to tear up the science books...
172
00:20:28,436 --> 00:20:33,817
...to turn our world upside down?
173
00:20:34,567 --> 00:20:40,657
What happens next
could change everything
174
00:20:50,875 --> 00:20:55,463
Mars is the planet that most
captures our imagination.
175
00:20:55,588 --> 00:21:00,510
Think of B-movies, sci-fi
comics, what follows?
176
00:21:00,635 --> 00:21:02,262
Martians?
177
00:21:02,387 --> 00:21:06,224
It's all just fiction, right?
178
00:21:08,226 --> 00:21:13,189
But what it there really is something here?
179
00:21:13,815 --> 00:21:20,030
Hard to imagine, though. Up
close, this is a dead planet
180
00:21:20,155 --> 00:21:27,787
The activity that makes the Earth livable
shut down millions of years ago here
181
00:21:27,912 --> 00:21:30,665
Red and dead
182
00:21:30,790 --> 00:21:34,878
Mars is a giant fossil.
183
00:21:40,216 --> 00:21:45,555
Wait. Something is alive
184
00:21:45,680 --> 00:21:48,558
A dust devil, a big one
185
00:21:48,683 --> 00:21:52,145
Bigger than the biggest
twisters back home.
186
00:21:52,270 --> 00:21:54,397
There's wind here
187
00:21:54,522 --> 00:21:58,651
And where there's wind, there's air
188
00:21:58,860 --> 00:22:04,616
Could that air sustain extraterrestrial life?
189
00:22:11,206 --> 00:22:15,543
It's too thin tor us to breathe.
190
00:22:16,044 --> 00:22:18,880
And there's no ozone layer
191
00:22:19,005 --> 00:22:25,470
Nothing to protect us against
the Sun's ultraviolet rays.
192
00:22:26,513 --> 00:22:28,973
There is water...
193
00:22:29,099 --> 00:22:35,897
...but frigid temperatures keep
it in a constant deep freeze
194
00:22:36,981 --> 00:22:42,153
It's hard to believe anything could live here
195
00:22:45,156 --> 00:22:51,496
Back on Earth, there are creatures that
survive in extreme cold, heat...
196
00:22:51,621 --> 00:22:54,582
...even in the deepest ocean trenches
197
00:22:54,708 --> 00:22:57,877
It's as though life is a virus.
198
00:22:58,003 --> 00:23:02,590
It adapts, spreads
199
00:23:02,716 --> 00:23:05,844
Maybe that's what we're doing right now...
200
00:23:05,969 --> 00:23:12,809
...carrying the virus of
life across the universe.
201
00:23:16,646 --> 00:23:22,902
Even in the most extreme conditions
life usually finds a way.
202
00:23:23,028 --> 00:23:25,405
But on a dead planet?
203
00:23:25,530 --> 00:23:33,246
With no way to replenish its soil,
no heat to melt its frozen water?
204
00:23:40,712 --> 00:23:46,468
All this dust, it's hard
to see where we're going
205
00:23:55,769 --> 00:24:02,275
Olympus Mons, named after
the home of the Greek gods
206
00:24:02,400 --> 00:24:05,695
A vast ancient volcano.
207
00:24:05,820 --> 00:24:09,616
Three times higher than Everest.
208
00:24:10,158 --> 00:24:14,329
There's no sign of activity.
209
00:24:15,497 --> 00:24:22,629
Since its discovery in the 1970s,
it's been declared extinct
210
00:24:26,841 --> 00:24:28,593
Hang on.
211
00:24:28,718 --> 00:24:31,304
These look like lava flows.
212
00:24:31,429 --> 00:24:37,602
But any sign of lava should be long gone,
obliterated by meteorite craters
213
00:24:37,727 --> 00:24:45,902
Unless, this monster
isn't dead, just sleeping
214
00:24:46,820 --> 00:24:51,324
There could be magma flowing
beneath the crust right now...
215
00:24:51,449 --> 00:24:55,954
...building up, waiting to be unleashed
216
00:24:56,079 --> 00:25:00,875
Volcanic activity could be melting
frozen water in the soil...
217
00:25:01,001 --> 00:25:06,256
...pumping gases into the atmosphere,
recycling minerals and nutrients
218
00:25:06,381 --> 00:25:13,304
Creating all the conditions needed for life
219
00:25:15,724 --> 00:25:23,773
This makes the Grand canyon look
like a crack in the sidewalk
220
00:25:23,940 --> 00:25:26,026
Endless desolation...
221
00:25:26,151 --> 00:25:34,284
...so vast it would stretch all
the way across North America.
222
00:25:36,911 --> 00:25:45,003
But here, signs of activity, erosion,
and what looks like dried up river beds
223
00:25:45,128 --> 00:25:49,215
Maybe volcanic activity
melted ice in the soil...
224
00:25:49,341 --> 00:25:53,386
...sending water gushing
through this canyon.
225
00:25:53,511 --> 00:26:01,269
Underground volcanoes could still
be melting ice, creating water
226
00:26:01,394 --> 00:26:06,649
And where there's water, there could be life
227
00:26:13,281 --> 00:26:17,952
The hunt for life is spearheaded
by this humble fellow...
228
00:26:18,078 --> 00:26:21,581
...the NASA rover, Opportunity.
229
00:26:21,706 --> 00:26:24,292
It's finding evidence that
these barren plains...
230
00:26:24,417 --> 00:26:31,841
...were once ancient lakes or oceans
that could have harbored life
231
00:26:54,656 --> 00:26:57,742
Look at those gullies.
232
00:27:00,495 --> 00:27:05,875
Probes orbiting Mars
keep spotting new ones.
233
00:27:07,752 --> 00:27:13,008
More proof that Mars is alive and kicking...
234
00:27:13,800 --> 00:27:17,178
...that water is flowing
beneath its surface right now
235
00:27:17,303 --> 00:27:22,267
Water that could be sustaining Martian life
236
00:27:27,647 --> 00:27:32,527
Now, all we have to do is find it
237
00:27:38,908 --> 00:27:44,873
Maybe we've already found what
we're looking for on Earth
238
00:27:44,998 --> 00:27:52,339
Some think that life started
here and then migrated to Earth
239
00:27:56,384 --> 00:28:00,555
An asteroid impact could've
blasted fragments of Mars...
240
00:28:00,680 --> 00:28:05,477
...complete with tiny
microbes out into space...
241
00:28:05,602 --> 00:28:11,983
...and onto the young Earth where
they sowed the seeds of life
242
00:28:12,108 --> 00:28:20,658
No wonder we find Mars fascinating,
this could be our ancestral home
243
00:28:21,368 --> 00:28:27,457
It could be we are all Martians
244
00:28:29,876 --> 00:28:33,088
The Mars we thought we knew is gone...
245
00:28:33,213 --> 00:28:39,469
...replaced by this new,
active, changing planet.
246
00:28:42,806 --> 00:28:47,060
And if we don't know Mars,
our next door neighbor...
247
00:28:47,185 --> 00:28:53,024
...how can we even imagine
what surprises lie ahead
248
00:28:56,861 --> 00:29:02,033
Our compass points across the cosmos...
249
00:29:03,159 --> 00:29:08,456
...back in time 14 billion years...
250
00:29:09,624 --> 00:29:13,461
...to the moment of creation.
251
00:29:25,015 --> 00:29:28,268
This is getting scary.
252
00:29:30,937 --> 00:29:36,026
It's like being inside a giant video game
253
00:29:40,405 --> 00:29:44,242
But these are all too real.
254
00:29:44,367 --> 00:29:50,999
Asteroids, some of them
hundreds of miles wide
255
00:29:53,043 --> 00:29:57,839
This one must be about 20 miles long.
256
00:29:57,964 --> 00:30:05,180
And there, perched on it, a space probe.
257
00:30:06,681 --> 00:30:08,099
Can't have been easy...
258
00:30:08,224 --> 00:30:13,938
...parking on an asteroid
traveling at 50,000 miles an hour.
259
00:30:14,064 --> 00:30:18,526
It's a lot of effort just
to investigate some rubble.
260
00:30:18,651 --> 00:30:21,279
Rubble that regularly collides...
261
00:30:21,404 --> 00:30:27,535
...breaks up and rains down
on Earth as meteorites.
262
00:30:29,120 --> 00:30:35,251
Our ancestors saw shooting
stars as magical omens.
263
00:30:35,377 --> 00:30:38,296
And they were right
264
00:30:38,963 --> 00:30:42,550
Rubble like this came together
to make the planets...
265
00:30:42,676 --> 00:30:45,762
...including our own
266
00:30:45,929 --> 00:30:48,848
Pretty magical.
267
00:30:49,683 --> 00:30:52,602
By dating the meteorites found on Earth...
268
00:30:52,727 --> 00:30:59,359
...we can tell the planets were
born 4.6 billion years ago.
269
00:30:59,484 --> 00:31:05,782
These are the birth certificates
of our solar system.
270
00:31:09,661 --> 00:31:15,792
For some reason, these rocks
didn't form into a planet
271
00:31:19,671 --> 00:31:22,924
Something must have stopped them
272
00:31:23,049 --> 00:31:26,553
Something powerful.
273
00:31:37,564 --> 00:31:39,858
Jupiter.
274
00:31:39,983 --> 00:31:42,527
What a monster
275
00:31:42,652 --> 00:31:46,239
At least a thousand time
bigger than Earth...
276
00:31:46,364 --> 00:31:52,454
...so vast you could fit all
the other planets inside it
277
00:31:52,579 --> 00:31:58,126
Something this massive
dominates its neighbors
278
00:31:58,251 --> 00:32:03,548
Its gravity is pulling the asteroids apart
279
00:32:08,261 --> 00:32:11,473
And it's breathtaking
280
00:32:17,729 --> 00:32:21,608
But this beauty is a beast.
281
00:32:23,943 --> 00:32:25,820
It's almost all gas.
282
00:32:25,945 --> 00:32:33,370
Land here and we'd sink straight
through its layers into oblivion.
283
00:32:40,835 --> 00:32:43,380
And Jupiter's good looks?
284
00:32:43,505 --> 00:32:48,176
The product of ferocious violence
285
00:32:48,301 --> 00:32:51,096
It's spinning at an incredible rate...
286
00:32:51,221 --> 00:32:56,309
...whipping up winds to
hundreds of miles an hour...
287
00:32:56,434 --> 00:33:03,108
...contorting the clouds into
stripes eddies, whirlpools...
288
00:33:03,775 --> 00:33:09,864
...and this, the legendary Great Red Spot
289
00:33:11,616 --> 00:33:16,496
The biggest, most violent
storm in the solar system.
290
00:33:16,621 --> 00:33:24,879
At least three times the size of Earth,
it's been raging for over 300 years
291
00:33:27,549 --> 00:33:34,639
All these churning clouds must
have sparked an electrical storm
292
00:33:36,725 --> 00:33:43,523
Just one bolt is 10,000 times
more intense than any at home.
293
00:33:56,077 --> 00:34:03,793
Looks like the safest place to
see Jupiter is from a distance
294
00:34:04,377 --> 00:34:06,421
Up there at the poles...
295
00:34:06,546 --> 00:34:13,345
...those dancing lights, they're
like the auroras back home.
296
00:34:16,014 --> 00:34:18,558
But the Geiger counter is going wild
297
00:34:18,683 --> 00:34:25,357
Even these are deadly,
generated by lethal radiation
298
00:34:33,573 --> 00:34:38,161
Out here, nothing is what it seems.
299
00:34:41,873 --> 00:34:49,214
The universe is full of terrors, traps.
300
00:34:56,262 --> 00:35:02,394
Maybe this is a safe haven,
the multi-colored moon, Io
301
00:35:18,326 --> 00:35:19,828
Wrong
302
00:35:19,953 --> 00:35:21,913
Very wrong.
303
00:35:22,038 --> 00:35:29,838
Those brilliant colors are molten
rock, volcanoes spewing lava.
304
00:35:38,304 --> 00:35:44,936
Our journey across the universe is
turning into a struggle for survival
305
00:35:45,061 --> 00:35:48,356
We've got to hope that if
we outlast the dangers...
306
00:35:48,481 --> 00:35:56,197
...we'll be rewarded by
wonders beyond imagination
307
00:36:04,706 --> 00:36:08,626
Four hundred million miles from Earth...
308
00:36:08,752 --> 00:36:15,967
...flying a commercial airliner
here would take nearly a century
309
00:36:18,970 --> 00:36:22,974
What a weird looking place...
310
00:36:25,060 --> 00:36:28,146
...and yet, strangely familiar
311
00:36:28,271 --> 00:36:36,029
A bit like the Arctic, with all that
ice, all those ridges and cracks
312
00:36:40,450 --> 00:36:44,871
It's Jupiter's moon, Europa.
313
00:36:44,996 --> 00:36:50,126
And maybe, like the Arctic,
this ice is floating...
314
00:36:50,251 --> 00:36:53,338
...on water, liquid water
315
00:36:55,924 --> 00:37:00,553
But we're half a billion miles from the Sun.
316
00:37:00,679 --> 00:37:05,100
Surely, Europa is frozen solid
317
00:37:12,524 --> 00:37:18,655
Unless, Jupiter's gravity is
creating friction deep inside...
318
00:37:18,780 --> 00:37:24,244
...heating the ice into water, allowing
life to develop in the water...
319
00:37:24,369 --> 00:37:28,039
...beneath its frozen crust.
320
00:37:28,790 --> 00:37:33,211
We might be feet away from aliens
321
00:37:34,713 --> 00:37:41,803
From a whole ecosystem of microbes,
crustaceans, maybe even squid
322
00:37:41,928 --> 00:37:47,100
The only thing between us
and the possibility of alien life...
323
00:37:47,225 --> 00:37:50,895
...this layer of ice.
324
00:37:52,272 --> 00:37:55,692
But until we send a
spacecraft to drill here...
325
00:37:55,817 --> 00:38:02,574
...Europa's secrets will
remain beyond reach
326
00:38:23,178 --> 00:38:30,935
It's captivated our
imaginations, haunted our dreams
327
00:38:31,061 --> 00:38:37,067
And here it is, spinning before our eyes
328
00:38:37,192 --> 00:38:38,860
Saturn.
329
00:38:38,985 --> 00:38:40,570
Named for the Roman god...
330
00:38:40,695 --> 00:38:46,826
...who reigned over an golden
age of peace and harmony
331
00:38:51,331 --> 00:38:59,881
This planet's a giant ball of gas,
so light it would float on water
332
00:39:00,590 --> 00:39:07,889
Its spectacular rings would stretch almost
from Earth to the Moon.
333
00:39:13,895 --> 00:39:16,231
There's the Cassini orbiter
334
00:39:16,356 --> 00:39:19,526
It's picking up ghostly radio emissions
335
00:39:19,651 --> 00:39:24,698
Probably generated by
auroras around Saturn's poles
336
00:39:24,823 --> 00:39:29,285
This is the real music of the spheres.
337
00:39:34,290 --> 00:39:38,169
Cassini's telling us where
these rings came from.
338
00:39:38,294 --> 00:39:45,385
They're the remnants of a moon
shattered by Saturn's gravitational pull
339
00:39:45,510 --> 00:39:52,350
Incomparable beauty from total destruction
340
00:40:05,447 --> 00:40:07,073
Billions of shards of ice
341
00:40:07,198 --> 00:40:13,747
Some as small as ice cubes,
others the size of houses.
342
00:40:17,500 --> 00:40:22,881
They collide, break apart, reassemble
343
00:40:27,177 --> 00:40:32,390
It's like a snapshot of
our early solar system...
344
00:40:32,515 --> 00:40:36,186
...as dust and gas orbited
the newly born Sun...
345
00:40:36,311 --> 00:40:40,231
...and gravity worked this magic
pulling the lumps together...
346
00:40:40,357 --> 00:40:48,239
...until from space trash
like this, our home emerged
347
00:40:56,331 --> 00:40:59,834
We could stay here forever
348
00:41:10,929 --> 00:41:17,477
But there's so much further
to go, so much more to see.
349
00:41:18,645 --> 00:41:25,735
Like this moon wrapped
in thick clouds, Titan.
350
00:41:55,306 --> 00:41:58,893
There's an atmosphere down here
351
00:41:59,019 --> 00:42:04,441
There's wind, rain, even seasons
352
00:42:04,566 --> 00:42:09,362
Rivers, lakes and oceans
353
00:42:10,155 --> 00:42:15,785
It looks so familiar, so similar to Earth.
354
00:42:21,875 --> 00:42:27,714
But that's not water, it's liquid natural gas
355
00:42:27,839 --> 00:42:36,222
Hundreds of times more natural gas than
all the Earth's oil and gas reserves
356
00:42:37,474 --> 00:42:43,730
Maybe, one day, we'll use
this energy to fuel a colony.
357
00:42:45,398 --> 00:42:49,861
Assuming there isn't life here already
358
00:42:57,994 --> 00:43:03,917
The Huygens space probe
is here to find out
359
00:43:05,335 --> 00:43:11,383
It's telling us there's
organic material in the soil.
360
00:43:12,008 --> 00:43:17,889
But it's so cold, minus 300 degrees
361
00:43:19,057 --> 00:43:23,019
There's no way life could develop
362
00:43:23,436 --> 00:43:27,273
Unless Titan warms up.
363
00:43:29,275 --> 00:43:32,112
The Sun is supposed to get hotter
364
00:43:32,237 --> 00:43:36,157
When it does maybe life
will spring up here...
365
00:43:36,282 --> 00:43:39,703
...just like it did on Earth
366
00:43:42,706 --> 00:43:50,463
And as the Earth gets too hot for
us, maybe we'll move to Titan.
367
00:43:52,257 --> 00:43:57,762
One day, we might call
this distant land home
368
00:44:07,772 --> 00:44:09,733
Home.
369
00:44:09,858 --> 00:44:14,654
We're at least 700 million miles away now.
370
00:44:14,779 --> 00:44:20,076
After this we lose visual contact with Earth.
371
00:44:21,119 --> 00:44:23,830
We're standing on a cliff
372
00:44:23,955 --> 00:44:27,959
Looking out over a great
chasm that stretches...
373
00:44:28,084 --> 00:44:30,170
...to the beginning of time.
374
00:44:30,295 --> 00:44:35,508
Do we have the courage to jump?
375
00:44:38,011 --> 00:44:42,891
We're in the solar system's outer reaches.
376
00:44:43,516 --> 00:44:49,189
Unseen from Earth, unknown
for most of history
377
00:44:49,314 --> 00:44:54,486
It's like diving into the depths of the ocean
378
00:45:06,331 --> 00:45:12,879
Those rings make it look like Uranus
has been tilted off its axis...
379
00:45:13,004 --> 00:45:17,133
...toppled over by a stray planet
380
00:45:21,888 --> 00:45:25,016
It's eerie out here.
381
00:45:25,308 --> 00:45:30,939
Already beginning to feel small, lonely
382
00:45:31,523 --> 00:45:37,862
Maybe this is how we'll feel
at the edge of the universe
383
00:45:41,533 --> 00:45:45,745
But we've barely left the shore
384
00:45:47,747 --> 00:45:56,297
If the solar system was one mile wide,
so far we've traveled about 3 inches
385
00:46:12,105 --> 00:46:16,651
Out of the deep, another strange beast...
386
00:46:16,776 --> 00:46:23,616
...the god of the sea, Neptune
387
00:46:27,037 --> 00:46:32,042
This world is covered in methane gas
388
00:46:33,335 --> 00:46:36,421
And a storm as big as Earth...
389
00:46:36,546 --> 00:46:42,385
...whipped up by savage
thousand mile-an-hour winds
390
00:46:42,594 --> 00:46:46,890
Back home, it's the Sun
that drives the wind...
391
00:46:47,015 --> 00:46:48,975
...but Neptune's far away.
392
00:46:49,100 --> 00:46:55,357
Something else must be
creating these ferocious winds
393
00:46:57,859 --> 00:47:00,779
But what?
394
00:47:02,572 --> 00:47:07,994
We know very little about
our own solar system.
395
00:47:20,882 --> 00:47:26,096
After all those balls of gas a solid moon...
396
00:47:29,099 --> 00:47:32,018
...Triton.
397
00:47:33,144 --> 00:47:38,566
Solid but not stable
398
00:47:42,779 --> 00:47:44,531
Just look at those geysers...
399
00:47:44,656 --> 00:47:50,954
...cosmic smokestacks
pumping out strange soot.
400
00:47:51,204 --> 00:47:54,207
And this moon is revolving
around Neptune...
401
00:47:54,332 --> 00:47:58,420
...in the opposite direction
of the planet's spin.
402
00:47:58,545 --> 00:48:01,881
A cosmic battle of wills...
403
00:48:02,007 --> 00:48:07,971
...that this angry moon is destined to lose
404
00:48:08,888 --> 00:48:13,518
Neptune's massive gravity
is pulling on Triton.
405
00:48:13,643 --> 00:48:18,606
Slowing it down, reeling it in
406
00:48:22,569 --> 00:48:28,908
One day, it will be ripped apart by Neptune
407
00:48:32,454 --> 00:48:34,622
And that's it
408
00:48:34,748 --> 00:48:40,420
No more moons, no more
planets in our solar system.
409
00:48:40,545 --> 00:48:45,091
It's getting colder, we're
getting further from the Sun...
410
00:48:45,216 --> 00:48:51,681
...slipping from the grip of
its gravitational tentacles.
411
00:48:52,807 --> 00:48:55,935
But this isn't a void
412
00:48:56,061 --> 00:49:01,608
It's teeming with frozen rocks.
413
00:49:02,442 --> 00:49:04,903
Like Pluto.
414
00:49:05,028 --> 00:49:09,115
Until recently, we thought Pluto was alone.
415
00:49:09,240 --> 00:49:12,577
Beyond it, nothing
416
00:49:13,078 --> 00:49:15,330
We were wrong
417
00:49:15,455 --> 00:49:18,875
More frozen worlds
418
00:49:19,125 --> 00:49:24,464
Discoveries so new nobody
can agree what to call them
419
00:49:24,589 --> 00:49:31,179
Plutinos, ice dwarves, cubewanos
420
00:49:34,349 --> 00:49:41,815
Our solar system is far more chaotic
and strange than we had imagined
421
00:49:41,940 --> 00:49:46,736
Now we're 8 billion miles from home.
422
00:49:47,862 --> 00:49:52,867
The most distant thing ever
seen that orbits the Sun...
423
00:49:52,992 --> 00:50:01,543
...another small, icy world,
Sedna, discovered in 2003
424
00:50:02,502 --> 00:50:07,632
Its orbit takes 10,000 years to complete.
425
00:50:14,514 --> 00:50:19,728
Hang on, there's something else out here.
426
00:50:21,271 --> 00:50:27,861
Ten billion miles from home
the space probe, Voyager 1.
427
00:50:29,195 --> 00:50:32,657
This bundle of aluminum and antennae...
428
00:50:32,782 --> 00:50:36,953
...gave us close up views
of the giant planets...
429
00:50:37,078 --> 00:50:42,375
...and discovered many
of their strange moons.
430
00:50:44,210 --> 00:50:52,677
It's traveling 20 times faster than a bullet,
sending messages home
431
00:51:03,188 --> 00:51:05,065
That gold plaque...
432
00:51:05,190 --> 00:51:09,194
...its a kind of intergalactic
message in a bottle.
433
00:51:09,319 --> 00:51:13,990
A greeting record in different languages
434
00:51:23,625 --> 00:51:30,256
And a map showing how to
find our home solar system
435
00:51:32,300 --> 00:51:34,678
The great physicist, Stephen Hawking...
436
00:51:34,803 --> 00:51:39,140
...thinks it was a mistake
to roll out the welcome mat.
437
00:51:39,265 --> 00:51:47,107
After all, if you're in the
jungle, is it wise to call out?
438
00:52:02,997 --> 00:52:07,419
These comets look like
the ones we saw earlier.
439
00:52:07,544 --> 00:52:12,632
There's a theory that the raw
materials for life began out here...
440
00:52:12,757 --> 00:52:17,012
...on a rock like this until
something dislodged it...
441
00:52:17,137 --> 00:52:21,683
...sending it hurting towards the Earth
442
00:52:24,644 --> 00:52:31,943
And seeding all this ice, maybe
comets carried water to Earth too
443
00:52:32,277 --> 00:52:36,448
The water in the oceans, in your body...
444
00:52:36,573 --> 00:52:41,995
...all from this distant celestial ice machine.
445
00:52:48,877 --> 00:52:56,092
We're 5 million, million, that's
5 trillion miles from home.
446
00:52:56,217 --> 00:52:59,429
But this is still only a baby step.
447
00:52:59,554 --> 00:53:05,477
Ahead, trillions of miles, billions of stars.
448
00:53:05,602 --> 00:53:09,564
Time to stop looking back
and start looking ahead...
449
00:53:09,689 --> 00:53:16,196
...to step out into the big, wide universe
450
00:53:32,128 --> 00:53:35,674
Interstellar space.
451
00:53:44,808 --> 00:53:48,061
Billions of stars like our own Sun...
452
00:53:48,186 --> 00:53:54,192
...many with planets,
many of those with moons.
453
00:54:02,242 --> 00:54:05,787
It's hard to know which way to go
454
00:54:05,912 --> 00:54:10,125
There are infinite possibilities.
455
00:54:12,794 --> 00:54:18,717
We're going to need a serious
burst of acceleration.
456
00:54:48,079 --> 00:54:51,791
Twenty-five trillion miles from home.
457
00:54:51,916 --> 00:54:57,589
A 150,000-year ride in the space shuttle.
458
00:54:57,714 --> 00:55:04,512
And we're only just reached the
first solar system beyond our own...
459
00:55:05,680 --> 00:55:08,850
...Alpha Centauri
460
00:55:10,268 --> 00:55:13,313
Not one but three stars.
461
00:55:13,438 --> 00:55:18,568
Spinning around each other
locked in a celestial standoff
462
00:55:18,693 --> 00:55:21,988
Each star's gravity attracting the other...
463
00:55:22,113 --> 00:55:27,827
...their blazing orbital
speed keeping them apart.
464
00:55:37,754 --> 00:55:43,885
Get between them and we'd be vaporized...
465
00:55:44,302 --> 00:55:48,014
...trillions of miles from home.
466
00:55:48,139 --> 00:55:52,310
So far that miles are
becoming meaningless.
467
00:55:52,435 --> 00:55:57,065
Out here, we measure in light years.
468
00:56:01,027 --> 00:56:06,157
Light travels 6 trillion miles a year...
469
00:56:06,282 --> 00:56:11,454
...so we are over four
light-years from home.
470
00:56:15,458 --> 00:56:22,215
Distances so vast they're mind-boggling
471
00:56:28,388 --> 00:56:31,641
Who knows what strange forces lie ahead...
472
00:56:31,766 --> 00:56:34,310
...what we'll discover when...
473
00:56:34,436 --> 00:56:40,567
If we reach the edge of the universe
474
00:56:46,072 --> 00:56:53,705
Ten light years from Earth,
the star Epsilon Eridani
475
00:56:54,247 --> 00:56:58,335
Spectacular rings of dust and ice
476
00:56:58,460 --> 00:57:03,298
And somewhere in there, planets
forming out of debris...
477
00:57:03,423 --> 00:57:07,886
...being born before our eyes.
478
00:57:16,853 --> 00:57:22,609
Asteroids and comets everywhere
479
00:57:27,364 --> 00:57:30,950
We could almost be looking
at our own solar system...
480
00:57:31,076 --> 00:57:33,328
...billions of years ago.
481
00:57:33,453 --> 00:57:37,165
With comets delivering the
building blocks of life...
482
00:57:37,290 --> 00:57:40,794
...to these young planets.
483
00:58:04,526 --> 00:58:10,407
At the center of all the action,
a star smaller than our sun...
484
00:58:10,532 --> 00:58:13,785
...still in its infancy.
485
00:58:13,910 --> 00:58:20,250
Any life in this solar system
would be primitive at best
486
00:58:29,300 --> 00:58:34,139
There must be more mature
solar systems out here...
487
00:58:34,264 --> 00:58:41,896
...but finding them is like looking for
a needle in a cosmic haystack
488
00:58:51,197 --> 00:58:54,993
Twenty light years from Earth.
489
00:58:56,870 --> 00:59:01,124
Star Gliese 581
490
00:59:07,130 --> 00:59:11,426
It's about the same age as our sun.
491
00:59:22,187 --> 00:59:27,400
This planet is just the
right distance from its sun
492
00:59:27,525 --> 00:59:35,158
Any closer and water would boil away,
any further and it would freeze
493
00:59:35,450 --> 00:59:40,288
Ideal conditions for life to emerge
494
00:59:46,753 --> 00:59:52,884
And if a comet has struck, delivering water
and organic materials...
495
00:59:53,009 --> 01:00:00,016
...then life, complex beings like us,
even civilizations like our own...
496
01:00:00,141 --> 01:00:04,729
...could be down there right now
497
01:00:10,485 --> 01:00:14,280
They could be tuning into our TV signals...
498
01:00:14,406 --> 01:00:18,785
...watching shows from 20 years ago.
499
01:00:26,960 --> 01:00:30,088
But until we devise a
way of communicating...
500
01:00:30,213 --> 01:00:37,595
...over these vast distances,
all we can do is speculate
501
01:00:38,013 --> 01:00:42,350
Us and them, living parallel lives...
502
01:00:42,475 --> 01:00:46,938
...unaware of each other's existence.
503
01:00:53,153 --> 01:00:59,034
Unless life has come and gone
504
01:01:11,963 --> 01:01:15,175
That's the problem with comets.
505
01:01:15,300 --> 01:01:20,388
They're creators and destroyers...
506
01:01:20,513 --> 01:01:25,477
...as the dinosaurs found out
the hard way
507
01:01:27,187 --> 01:01:30,648
This is the needle in the cosmic haystack...
508
01:01:30,774 --> 01:01:36,571
...the closest we've come to a habitable
solar system like our own...
509
01:01:36,696 --> 01:01:40,325
...but it's a chance encounter.
510
01:01:40,450 --> 01:01:41,951
There could be hundreds...
511
01:01:42,077 --> 01:01:49,626
...millions more solar systems like
this out there or none at all.
512
01:02:02,639 --> 01:02:06,643
Some of the atmosphere on
this planet, Bellerophon...
513
01:02:06,768 --> 01:02:12,023
...is being boiled away by its nearby star.
514
01:02:25,954 --> 01:02:29,791
From Earth, we can't see
planets this far out.
515
01:02:29,916 --> 01:02:36,840
They're obscured by the brilliance
of their neighboring stars.
516
01:02:36,965 --> 01:02:42,429
But the planets have a minute
gravitational pull on those stars.
517
01:02:42,554 --> 01:02:49,227
Measure these tiny movements
and we can prove they exit
518
01:02:53,690 --> 01:02:59,946
That's how we tracked down
Bellerophon in the 1990's...
519
01:03:01,239 --> 01:03:05,910
...and hundreds of other distant planets
520
01:03:11,416 --> 01:03:16,296
Sixty-five light years from Earth...
521
01:03:16,504 --> 01:03:23,928
...turn on your TV here and you'd
pick up Hitler's Berlin Olympics
522
01:03:48,578 --> 01:03:52,123
The twin stars of Algol.
523
01:03:52,248 --> 01:03:56,961
Known to the ancients as the demon star
524
01:03:58,505 --> 01:04:05,679
From Earth, it appears to blink as one star
passes across the other.
525
01:04:05,804 --> 01:04:09,140
Up close, it's even stranger.
526
01:04:09,265 --> 01:04:14,145
One star is being sucked towards the other
527
01:04:18,942 --> 01:04:21,778
Almost 100 light years from home...
528
01:04:21,903 --> 01:04:28,785
...faint whispers from one of
the first ever radio broadcasts
529
01:04:48,138 --> 01:04:54,060
From here on out, it's as
if the Earth never existed
530
01:04:59,733 --> 01:05:03,486
Feels like a life time since
we stood on that beach...
531
01:05:03,611 --> 01:05:11,411
...looking up at the sky,
wondering where and how we fit in
532
01:05:13,163 --> 01:05:17,208
We've learned one thing for sure
533
01:05:17,334 --> 01:05:23,423
The universe is too bizarre, too startling...
534
01:05:23,631 --> 01:05:27,927
...for us to guess what lies ahead
535
01:05:33,725 --> 01:05:40,106
Deep inside our galaxy, the Milky Way
536
01:05:40,231 --> 01:05:47,238
Pinpricks of light that have
inspired a thousand and one tales
537
01:05:47,947 --> 01:05:54,829
The Seven Sisters, the daughters
of the ancient Greek god, Atlas...
538
01:05:54,954 --> 01:05:58,708
...transformed into star
to comfort their father...
539
01:05:58,833 --> 01:06:04,297
...as he held the heavens on his shoulders
540
01:06:11,721 --> 01:06:16,351
And this giant, Betelgeuse
541
01:06:16,476 --> 01:06:20,980
The brightest, biggest
star we've seen so far.
542
01:06:21,106 --> 01:06:26,319
Six hundred times wider than our sun
543
01:06:40,959 --> 01:06:47,007
But this, it's not a star...
544
01:06:49,926 --> 01:06:56,307
...not a planet, not like anything we've seen.
545
01:07:06,443 --> 01:07:12,657
A ghostly specter, more than
1,300 light years from Earth...
546
01:07:12,782 --> 01:07:16,953
...Orion's dark cloud
547
01:07:20,081 --> 01:07:24,919
Dust and gas shrouding us
548
01:07:38,058 --> 01:07:45,065
There, deep inside, a light, pulling
the dust and gas towards it...
549
01:07:45,190 --> 01:07:51,196
...heating up, merging into
a ball of burning hot gas.
550
01:07:51,321 --> 01:07:57,619
Like a star, like our sun in miniature.
551
01:07:58,536 --> 01:08:01,456
Inside, it's millions of degrees
552
01:08:01,581 --> 01:08:05,794
So hot, it's beginning to
trigger nuclear reactions...
553
01:08:05,919 --> 01:08:09,714
...the kind that keep our sun shining...
554
01:08:09,839 --> 01:08:16,054
...making energy, radiation, light
555
01:08:16,179 --> 01:08:21,309
A star is being born.
556
01:08:42,997 --> 01:08:49,379
Orion's dark cloud is a vast star factory
557
01:08:53,675 --> 01:08:59,389
We're witnessing the birth
of the future universe.
558
01:09:06,354 --> 01:09:10,275
We've come to expect destruction...
559
01:09:10,400 --> 01:09:15,905
...but this is one of the universe's
greatest acts of creation.
560
01:09:16,031 --> 01:09:18,950
Star birth.
561
01:09:29,461 --> 01:09:33,381
This doesn't look right
562
01:09:44,351 --> 01:09:51,149
Jets of gas exploding out
with tremendous force...
563
01:09:51,274 --> 01:09:57,113
...blasting dust and gas
out for millions of miles.
564
01:10:07,540 --> 01:10:15,423
It's unbelievably violent and creative
565
01:10:18,927 --> 01:10:21,137
Nebula...
566
01:10:21,262 --> 01:10:28,645
...vast glowing clouds
of gas hanging in space.
567
01:10:28,770 --> 01:10:36,194
With no wind out here, they'll take
thousands of years to disperse
568
01:10:39,197 --> 01:10:44,202
They seem to be forming
a vast stellar sculpture.
569
01:10:44,327 --> 01:10:49,666
Nature is more than a
scientist, an engineer...
570
01:10:49,791 --> 01:10:55,714
...it's an artist on the grandest of scales
571
01:11:04,597 --> 01:11:11,021
And this is a masterpiece
572
01:11:16,109 --> 01:11:23,199
Stars are born, grow
up, and then, then what?
573
01:11:23,324 --> 01:11:26,119
Do they die?
574
01:11:26,244 --> 01:11:32,834
Do they slip quietly into the
night or go out with a bang?
575
01:11:38,882 --> 01:11:46,514
Somewhere between here and the edge
of the universe lies the answer.
576
01:11:52,604 --> 01:11:56,274
Luminous clouds, suspended in space...
577
01:11:56,399 --> 01:12:02,322
...encircling what was once
a star like our own sun.
578
01:12:03,698 --> 01:12:08,536
All that's left of it are
these brightly colored gases...
579
01:12:08,661 --> 01:12:13,541
...elements formed by nuclear
reactions deep inside...
580
01:12:13,667 --> 01:12:17,587
...released into space on its death
581
01:12:17,712 --> 01:12:22,550
Green and violet, hydrogen and helium...
582
01:12:22,676 --> 01:12:27,097
...the raw materials of the universe.
583
01:12:27,472 --> 01:12:31,393
Red and blue, nitrogen and oxygen...
584
01:12:31,518 --> 01:12:36,064
...the building blocks of life on Earth
585
01:12:39,359 --> 01:12:45,573
For us to live, stars like this had to die
586
01:12:47,659 --> 01:12:53,998
Every atom in our body was
produced by nuclear fusion...
587
01:12:54,207 --> 01:13:00,797
...in stars that died long
before the Earth was even born.
588
01:13:01,256 --> 01:13:05,510
We are all the stuff of stars
589
01:13:06,428 --> 01:13:12,642
Our family tree begins here
590
01:13:38,585 --> 01:13:44,466
At its heart, the ghost of a star...
591
01:13:44,841 --> 01:13:47,344
...a white dwarf
592
01:13:47,469 --> 01:13:52,515
White, hot, small...
593
01:13:52,640 --> 01:13:56,561
...but unbelievably dense
594
01:13:56,853 --> 01:14:00,106
In the star's dying
moments, its atoms fused...
595
01:14:00,231 --> 01:14:01,858
...and squeezed together...
596
01:14:01,983 --> 01:14:10,784
...making it so dense that just a teaspoon
of this white dwarf would weigh 1 ton
597
01:14:16,122 --> 01:14:20,794
It's a chilling premonition of our sun's fate.
598
01:14:20,919 --> 01:14:26,716
Six billion years from now,
it will become a white dwarf
599
01:14:26,841 --> 01:14:32,138
Its death will herald the end of life on earth
600
01:14:33,390 --> 01:14:38,019
Makes you wonder how many other
world have come and gone...
601
01:14:38,144 --> 01:14:45,568
...celestial stories left untold, lost forever.
602
01:14:49,656 --> 01:14:55,787
But the greatest story of
them all is still to be told
603
01:14:58,998 --> 01:15:03,878
We must go back through time
to the very first chapter...
604
01:15:04,004 --> 01:15:09,009
...to learn how the universe began.
605
01:15:13,763 --> 01:15:18,935
The scattered remains of dead star...
606
01:15:19,060 --> 01:15:22,355
...the Crab Nebula
607
01:15:24,566 --> 01:15:32,449
Six thousand light years from home,
deep inside a stellar graveyard
608
01:15:33,241 --> 01:15:35,035
We've learnt so much...
609
01:15:35,160 --> 01:15:40,665
...seen things we'd never
have believed possible
610
01:15:41,207 --> 01:15:47,505
Now, sights like this, wonders
once beyond imagination...
611
01:15:47,630 --> 01:15:50,967
...we take in our stride
612
01:15:53,845 --> 01:15:57,223
We're ready to face whatever lies ahead
613
01:15:57,349 --> 01:16:04,105
Determined to reach the
edge of the universe
614
01:16:07,275 --> 01:16:13,156
This is the calm after the storm,
after an massive explosion...
615
01:16:13,281 --> 01:16:21,414
...a supernova that turned
a star into dust and gas
616
01:16:31,216 --> 01:16:33,593
The eye of the storm.
617
01:16:33,718 --> 01:16:40,100
A spinning pulsating star, a pulsar.
618
01:16:44,479 --> 01:16:51,236
The gravity has squeezed the
giant star's core down to this
619
01:16:54,739 --> 01:17:01,329
It's just 12 miles
across, unimaginably dense
620
01:17:01,454 --> 01:17:05,291
One pinhead of this
would weigh hundreds...
621
01:17:05,417 --> 01:17:08,878
...maybe millions of tons.
622
01:17:09,004 --> 01:17:13,800
And as it shrank, like a figure
skater spinning on the spot...
623
01:17:13,925 --> 01:17:17,262
...arms outstretched, then pulling them in...
624
01:17:17,387 --> 01:17:21,391
...it began to spin faster.
625
01:17:24,185 --> 01:17:31,568
Two beams of light, energy,
radiation, spinning 30 times a second
626
01:17:31,693 --> 01:17:36,656
Powering the huge cloud of dust and gas
627
01:17:38,783 --> 01:17:45,874
There's so much radiation here,
more even than on the Sun.
628
01:17:53,923 --> 01:18:00,722
That was easily the deadliest
thing we've encountered so far
629
01:18:06,519 --> 01:18:10,315
Once, it would have terrified us
630
01:18:12,275 --> 01:18:14,986
But now we realize that
without the dangers...
631
01:18:15,111 --> 01:18:18,490
...there'd be no wonders
632
01:18:19,866 --> 01:18:25,205
Without the nightmares,
there'd be no dreams
633
01:18:39,427 --> 01:18:43,181
Getting a strange sensation
634
01:18:44,349 --> 01:18:49,813
A feeling as though there's
something bad out here...
635
01:18:49,938 --> 01:18:53,525
...a malevolent presence.
636
01:18:53,650 --> 01:18:57,362
The one thing we didn't want to encounter
637
01:18:57,487 --> 01:19:04,911
Impossibly black, blotting
out the stars behind it
638
01:19:05,495 --> 01:19:10,667
We are staring into the face of extinction...
639
01:19:13,086 --> 01:19:17,382
...the remains of a giant star...
640
01:19:18,425 --> 01:19:21,469
...a black hole.
641
01:19:27,892 --> 01:19:32,105
Far denser than a pulsar...
642
01:19:33,481 --> 01:19:37,318
...and impossible to resist
643
01:19:43,241 --> 01:19:49,289
Its gravity is so intense,
not even light can escape.
644
01:19:59,883 --> 01:20:03,970
This asteroid, it's a lump of solid rock...
645
01:20:04,095 --> 01:20:10,101
...but it's actually stretching, being dragged
towards the gaping hole
646
01:20:10,226 --> 01:20:14,689
Inside, there's no matter as we know it.
647
01:20:14,814 --> 01:20:23,323
No time, no space, all the
rules of physics collapse.
648
01:20:34,793 --> 01:20:38,088
The asteroid is gone
649
01:20:38,588 --> 01:20:42,175
Nobody really know where
650
01:20:42,592 --> 01:20:47,389
This is the edge of human understanding
651
01:20:47,514 --> 01:20:51,059
There could be millions
of black hole creeping...
652
01:20:51,184 --> 01:20:52,602
...around our galaxy...
653
01:20:52,727 --> 01:20:57,148
...more perhaps than all
the stars in the sky...
654
01:20:57,273 --> 01:21:03,029
...but we wouldn't see them
until it was too late.
655
01:21:11,162 --> 01:21:15,458
Like this star, spiraling...
656
01:21:15,583 --> 01:21:21,172
...disappearing, down an invisible sinkhole
657
01:21:21,756 --> 01:21:26,386
Who's to say we don't live
inside a vast black hole...
658
01:21:26,511 --> 01:21:30,682
...that the whole universe
isn't inside one right now...
659
01:21:30,807 --> 01:21:33,309
...inside another universe?
660
01:21:33,435 --> 01:21:39,357
Think about it for too
long and your mind reels
661
01:21:40,942 --> 01:21:47,490
Sometimes it feels like the
more we see, the less we know.
662
01:21:55,665 --> 01:22:01,379
And we're still in our own
galaxy, the Milky Way...
663
01:22:03,757 --> 01:22:10,430
...the vastness of the universe
beyond still lies ahead
664
01:22:11,514 --> 01:22:19,647
The wonders, the dangers, the
secrets, they're out there...
665
01:22:21,733 --> 01:22:26,279
...waiting to be discovered
666
01:22:41,169 --> 01:22:47,217
Seven thousand light years from home
667
01:22:48,218 --> 01:22:52,931
It's as though we're in a
forest thick with trees.
668
01:22:53,056 --> 01:22:59,354
Each so beautiful, so fascinating,
it's impossible to look beyond...
669
01:22:59,479 --> 01:23:03,149
...to see the bigger picture.
670
01:23:03,274 --> 01:23:07,237
We have to find a way through...
671
01:23:07,362 --> 01:23:12,534
...to reach the clearing at the galaxy's edge
672
01:23:21,126 --> 01:23:26,881
But faced with sights like
this, its hard to leave
673
01:23:27,924 --> 01:23:35,598
A colossal glowing cloud topped
by these great towers of dust...
674
01:23:35,724 --> 01:23:39,144
...the Pillars of Creation
675
01:23:39,269 --> 01:23:43,356
Like a gateway into the unknown.
676
01:23:44,899 --> 01:23:50,822
A star factory packed with
embryonic star systems...
677
01:23:51,489 --> 01:23:56,369
...each larger than our solar system.
678
01:24:09,090 --> 01:24:16,181
we have to resist its siren
song, tear ourselves away...
679
01:24:16,306 --> 01:24:21,478
...to carry on towards
the edge of the galaxy
680
01:24:40,914 --> 01:24:47,170
Dazzled by the Milk Way's beauty,
we've been blinded to its terrors...
681
01:24:47,295 --> 01:24:52,717
...and strayed into a cosmic minefield
682
01:24:54,010 --> 01:24:57,722
Like an explosion in slow motion.
683
01:24:57,847 --> 01:25:04,354
A massive star, millions of
times brighter than our sun.
684
01:25:04,896 --> 01:25:08,566
It's going into meltdown
685
01:25:10,026 --> 01:25:12,737
The fuel that sustains it is running out...
686
01:25:12,862 --> 01:25:17,575
...the nuclear reactions
that power it winding down
687
01:25:17,701 --> 01:25:22,455
We're watching its death throes
688
01:25:45,186 --> 01:25:50,900
An even bigger, dangerously unstable star
689
01:25:51,026 --> 01:25:54,904
But this one's about to explode
690
01:25:55,447 --> 01:25:57,574
And when a star this big dies...
691
01:25:57,699 --> 01:26:03,830
...it's a hundred times more
violent than a supernova.
692
01:26:04,205 --> 01:26:09,711
We've stumbled into the most
violent star death of all...
693
01:26:09,836 --> 01:26:13,089
...a hypernova.
694
01:26:27,896 --> 01:26:34,027
The core's collapsed, it's
becoming a black hole.
695
01:26:39,282 --> 01:26:43,119
And that's the shock wave,
surging through the star...
696
01:26:43,244 --> 01:26:48,041
...ripping its outer layers into space.
697
01:27:20,865 --> 01:27:25,203
Deadly hypernovas, frozen comets...
698
01:27:25,328 --> 01:27:33,128
...scorched planets,
white dwarves, red giants
699
01:27:34,087 --> 01:27:39,718
Tiny drops in a vast pool of white light...
700
01:27:40,927 --> 01:27:47,142
...our home galaxy, the Milky Way
701
01:27:49,144 --> 01:27:53,064
We wanted to know where we fit in
702
01:27:54,399 --> 01:27:57,444
Here's our answer.
703
01:28:02,866 --> 01:28:06,703
Civilizations, past and present
704
01:28:06,828 --> 01:28:10,749
Everyone that's ever lived
705
01:28:11,374 --> 01:28:15,587
The smallest bug, the highest mountain...
706
01:28:15,712 --> 01:28:23,470
...all of it invisible, not even a tiny speck.
707
01:28:28,933 --> 01:28:35,440
Our home is a minor planet
orbiting an insignificant star.
708
01:28:35,565 --> 01:28:41,905
It is disappeared right
now, who would even notice?
709
01:28:44,240 --> 01:28:50,538
And yet, so far, we've found
nowhere else we would rather live...
710
01:28:50,663 --> 01:28:54,084
...nowhere we could live
711
01:28:55,335 --> 01:28:58,421
It's only now, far from home...
712
01:28:58,546 --> 01:29:03,927
...that we're beginning to truly appreciate it.
713
01:29:11,768 --> 01:29:18,733
Look at all these stars,
hundreds of thousands of them
714
01:29:21,778 --> 01:29:29,911
Surely one of them, more than one,
must be capable of supporting life.
715
01:29:58,940 --> 01:30:06,489
Maybe here in this swarm of
stars, the Great Cluster
716
01:30:07,032 --> 01:30:12,370
Back in the 1970's, astronomers
sent a message in this direction...
717
01:30:12,495 --> 01:30:19,544
...detailing the structure of our
DNA and our solar system's location
718
01:30:19,669 --> 01:30:27,177
But the message won't arrive
here for another 25,000 years.
719
01:30:32,098 --> 01:30:35,935
We haven't found alien life yet
720
01:30:36,061 --> 01:30:39,230
But neither have we found
any reason to believe...
721
01:30:39,356 --> 01:30:44,319
...it isn't out there somewhere.
722
01:30:44,444 --> 01:30:46,404
There's an equation devised...
723
01:30:46,529 --> 01:30:53,119
...to estimate the number of
other advanced civilizations
724
01:30:53,244 --> 01:30:56,623
The result is startling.
725
01:30:56,956 --> 01:31:04,297
There could be millions of
civilizations just in our own galaxy.
726
01:31:23,108 --> 01:31:28,947
Everything we've seen so
far is inside the Milk Way
727
01:31:31,574 --> 01:31:38,164
Now we're ready to
leave our home galaxy...
728
01:31:38,289 --> 01:31:43,003
...to enter intergalactic space.
729
01:31:43,211 --> 01:31:50,135
Here's our chance to solve
the ultimate mystery...
730
01:31:50,260 --> 01:31:56,766
...and experience the moment of creation.
731
01:32:11,031 --> 01:32:13,575
Beyond the Milk Way...
732
01:32:13,700 --> 01:32:17,787
...through the vast
expanse between galaxies.
733
01:32:17,912 --> 01:32:25,795
Against all the odds, we've
made it to intergalactic space
734
01:32:37,724 --> 01:32:41,269
Out here, there's no horizon in sight.
735
01:32:41,394 --> 01:32:49,235
Even the closest galaxies are hundreds
of thousands of light years away
736
01:32:49,694 --> 01:32:52,530
The remains of galaxies ripped apart...
737
01:32:52,655 --> 01:32:57,660
...by the Milky Way's huge
gravitational pull...
738
01:32:57,786 --> 01:33:03,124
...scattered among nothing
739
01:33:08,046 --> 01:33:13,885
This is as close as the universe
gets to a perfect vacuum.
740
01:33:14,010 --> 01:33:17,722
But even this isn't totally empty.
741
01:33:17,847 --> 01:33:24,312
There are thin wisps of
gas, tine traces of dust
742
01:33:24,437 --> 01:33:30,110
And something else, dark matter
743
01:33:31,111 --> 01:33:33,988
So mysterious, we can't see it...
744
01:33:34,114 --> 01:33:40,662
...feel it, taste it, touch it or even measure it.
745
01:33:41,121 --> 01:33:45,875
Yet so common, it could
make up over 90 percent...
746
01:33:46,001 --> 01:33:49,879
...of all the matter in the universe.
747
01:33:50,005 --> 01:33:52,424
If dark matter does exist...
748
01:33:52,549 --> 01:33:56,594
...it means there's no
such thing as empty space.
749
01:33:56,720 --> 01:34:02,308
Even out here, we're surrounded by matter
750
01:34:02,434 --> 01:34:07,731
We think it exists because of
its apparent hold on galaxies
751
01:34:07,856 --> 01:34:14,070
Like this one, the Large Magellanic Cloud
752
01:34:19,284 --> 01:34:25,123
A 6-billion-year journey in
today's fastest spacecraft...
753
01:34:25,248 --> 01:34:29,169
...160 thousand light
years from the Milky Way...
754
01:34:29,294 --> 01:34:34,049
...at the edge of its gravitational reach
755
01:34:34,299 --> 01:34:40,513
This galaxy should spin off into space,
but something is holding it here...
756
01:34:40,638 --> 01:34:47,854
...something invisible,
powerful, dark matter
757
01:34:50,398 --> 01:34:57,280
Stars, clusters of stars, nebulae...
758
01:34:57,405 --> 01:35:02,369
...it's a vast astronomical treasure trove.
759
01:35:07,707 --> 01:35:13,922
But look at this, it's like
a string of gleaming pearls.
760
01:35:14,047 --> 01:35:16,341
It's a fireball...
761
01:35:16,466 --> 01:35:21,262
...expanding out from what must
have been a massive explosion.
762
01:35:21,388 --> 01:35:24,474
A supernova.
763
01:35:26,393 --> 01:35:29,604
So bright that when light
from the explosion...
764
01:35:29,729 --> 01:35:31,731
...reached Earth 20 years ago...
765
01:35:31,856 --> 01:35:35,860
...it was visible to the naked eye
766
01:35:36,236 --> 01:35:40,115
And so violent, it triggered a
string of nuclear reactions...
767
01:35:40,240 --> 01:35:45,120
...forcing atoms together,
creating new elements...
768
01:35:45,245 --> 01:35:54,004
...gold, silver, platinum,
blasting them out into space.
769
01:36:00,010 --> 01:36:03,054
The gold in the ring on you finger...
770
01:36:03,179 --> 01:36:07,183
...was forged in a massive
supernova like this...
771
01:36:07,308 --> 01:36:13,273
...trillions of miles away,
billions of years ago.
772
01:36:15,650 --> 01:36:20,947
Before we left home, the
universe seemed desperate...
773
01:36:21,072 --> 01:36:26,286
...something out there, up in the sky.
774
01:36:26,703 --> 01:36:28,621
But now we know better.
775
01:36:28,747 --> 01:36:35,337
We are the universe, and it is within us
776
01:36:42,969 --> 01:36:49,851
It's comforting to remember as
we venture through this abyss.
777
01:36:49,976 --> 01:36:53,188
Further and further
778
01:36:57,192 --> 01:37:00,695
Faster and faster
779
01:37:09,412 --> 01:37:17,587
The Andromeda Galaxy,
two and half million light years away
780
01:37:18,421 --> 01:37:23,093
It's racing through space...
781
01:37:23,927 --> 01:37:31,017
...everything blown apart,
like shrapnel in an explosion.
782
01:37:31,142 --> 01:37:33,478
We're seeing this galaxy as it was...
783
01:37:33,603 --> 01:37:41,236
...when our ape-like ancestors
first walked on the African plains
784
01:37:53,123 --> 01:37:59,337
Further through space,
and further back in time
785
01:37:59,462 --> 01:38:04,009
Hold on. This doesn't look right
786
01:38:04,134 --> 01:38:09,180
A whole galaxy exploding?
787
01:38:10,015 --> 01:38:14,477
The only thing large enough to
cause an explosion on this scale...
788
01:38:14,602 --> 01:38:18,398
...is another galaxy.
789
01:38:19,941 --> 01:38:24,029
It looks like the end of the world
790
01:38:25,780 --> 01:38:31,161
But this galaxy won't die, it will be reborn.
791
01:38:31,286 --> 01:38:35,874
A new shape, perhaps even new stars...
792
01:38:35,999 --> 01:38:42,213
...as dust and gas collide,
creating friction, shockwaves...
793
01:38:42,339 --> 01:38:46,551
...triggering the birth of stars.
794
01:38:54,559 --> 01:39:02,275
There's order in this chaos, a
pattern behind the infinite variety...
795
01:39:02,400 --> 01:39:10,283
...an endless cycle of birth and
death, creation and destruction
796
01:39:10,408 --> 01:39:15,288
It's a pattern woven through
the vast fabric of space...
797
01:39:15,413 --> 01:39:20,418
...that binds each of these galaxies
798
01:39:22,045 --> 01:39:24,130
There are billions of galaxies...
799
01:39:24,255 --> 01:39:30,095
...each with billions, even trillions of stars.
800
01:39:30,220 --> 01:39:33,139
Maybe more stars than
there are grains of sand...
801
01:39:33,264 --> 01:39:36,976
...on all the beaches on Earth.
802
01:39:47,654 --> 01:39:52,659
We're finally beginning
to see the big picture...
803
01:39:52,784 --> 01:39:57,914
...and it's grander than we ever imagined
804
01:40:00,166 --> 01:40:05,505
This galaxy, the huge Pinwheel Galaxy...
805
01:40:05,630 --> 01:40:10,260
...is so far from Earth that if
we send a message home now...
806
01:40:10,385 --> 01:40:14,514
...it will take 27 million years to get there.
807
01:40:14,639 --> 01:40:18,935
Who knows whether our
species, our planet...
808
01:40:19,060 --> 01:40:23,857
...will still be around to receive it?
809
01:40:40,582 --> 01:40:45,545
We travel on, back through time
810
01:40:47,339 --> 01:40:52,886
Past the point where the
dinosaurs were wiped out...
811
01:40:53,011 --> 01:41:00,018
...past the moment where the
first creatures crawled onto land
812
01:41:11,738 --> 01:41:15,867
Two billion light years from home.
813
01:41:15,992 --> 01:41:21,623
Closing in on the edge of the universe
814
01:41:21,748 --> 01:41:26,795
Going back to the beginning of time
815
01:41:26,920 --> 01:41:33,385
This isn't a galaxy. It's
brighter than a hundred galaxies
816
01:41:33,510 --> 01:41:40,433
A blinding beam of energy
surging for trillions of miles.
817
01:41:45,689 --> 01:41:52,487
Something this big, this bright,
must be incredibly powerful
818
01:41:55,198 --> 01:42:02,455
Experience tells us, out
here, power equals danger
819
01:42:03,289 --> 01:42:09,963
It looks like a quasar, the
deadliest thing in the universe
820
01:42:13,341 --> 01:42:18,304
Our journey could be over
821
01:42:27,397 --> 01:42:32,527
The deadliest, most powerful
thing in the universe.
822
01:42:32,652 --> 01:42:35,572
A quasar.
823
01:42:35,864 --> 01:42:41,202
A swirling cauldron of superheated gas
824
01:42:55,091 --> 01:43:01,806
This beast has a heart of darkness,
a super-massive black hole...
825
01:43:01,931 --> 01:43:06,394
...as heavy as a billion suns.
826
01:43:23,953 --> 01:43:27,499
It's ripping apart whole stars...
827
01:43:27,624 --> 01:43:33,171
...devouring them until they're nothing...
828
01:43:33,296 --> 01:43:38,551
...lost forever from the visible universe
829
01:43:56,528 --> 01:44:00,073
We think, we hope, we pray...
830
01:44:00,198 --> 01:44:04,119
...we've seen the worst the
universe can throw at us.
831
01:44:04,244 --> 01:44:08,373
But no one can know what lies ahead
832
01:44:28,518 --> 01:44:33,732
We'll need to go further, go faster
833
01:44:51,249 --> 01:44:55,128
Eight billion light years from home.
834
01:44:55,253 --> 01:45:00,091
More galaxies, but these look different
835
01:45:00,216 --> 01:45:06,097
Ragged, small, close together
836
01:45:06,973 --> 01:45:09,559
We're so far back in time...
837
01:45:09,684 --> 01:45:16,024
...we're seeing these galaxies as they were
before the Earth was born
838
01:45:16,149 --> 01:45:20,904
They're still young, still growing.
839
01:45:23,865 --> 01:45:29,954
We're getting close to
where and how it all began
840
01:45:45,929 --> 01:45:48,848
Look at the galaxies now.
841
01:45:48,973 --> 01:45:56,398
They're more like primitive plankton
floating in a vast dark ocean
842
01:46:05,323 --> 01:46:07,867
Clouds of dust and gas...
843
01:46:07,992 --> 01:46:15,625
...dancing, twirling, merging
to make embryonic galaxies.
844
01:46:44,529 --> 01:46:47,657
They're disappearing
845
01:46:49,993 --> 01:46:55,206
We've gone back before
the stars were born...
846
01:46:57,167 --> 01:47:01,796
...into a cosmic dark age
847
01:47:05,300 --> 01:47:10,972
And before that, light, the afterglow...
848
01:47:11,097 --> 01:47:18,730
...from the massive explosion
that created the known universe
849
01:47:38,750 --> 01:47:41,670
This is it.
850
01:47:41,836 --> 01:47:44,756
We've made it
851
01:47:45,090 --> 01:47:49,469
The edge of universe...
852
01:47:50,470 --> 01:47:55,183
...80 Billion trillion miles from home...
853
01:47:55,308 --> 01:48:00,355
...13 and a half billion years ago
854
01:48:04,693 --> 01:48:08,530
The very instant of the Big Bang...
855
01:48:08,655 --> 01:48:14,828
...the most violent, most
creative moment in history.
856
01:48:14,953 --> 01:48:21,418
Everything that's ever happened
follows from this moment.
857
01:48:32,012 --> 01:48:39,561
Every religion, every
culture, has pondered it
858
01:48:41,521 --> 01:48:49,529
But we still don't known what
sparked this act of creation or why
859
01:48:53,616 --> 01:48:57,537
This is where our journey ends...
860
01:48:58,038 --> 01:49:01,833
...and the universe begins
861
01:49:17,265 --> 01:49:24,898
An infinitely hot, small, dense point erupts
862
01:49:37,952 --> 01:49:46,294
Creating space, time,
matter, our universe itself.
863
01:49:48,129 --> 01:49:52,217
First, it's the size of a subatomic particle.
864
01:49:52,342 --> 01:49:55,387
The tiniest traction of a second later...
865
01:49:55,512 --> 01:49:59,891
...it's big enough to hold
in the palm of your hand
866
01:50:00,016 --> 01:50:05,438
Moments later, it's the size of the Earth.
867
01:50:16,950 --> 01:50:22,205
Today, the light from the Big
Bang is still spreading out
868
01:50:22,330 --> 01:50:27,043
You can hear it as a radio hiss
869
01:50:31,339 --> 01:50:36,553
See it as television static.
870
01:50:51,151 --> 01:50:55,488
All the wonders we've
seen on our journey...
871
01:50:55,613 --> 01:50:59,951
...are sparks flying out from the Big Bang.
872
01:51:00,076 --> 01:51:06,207
Galaxies, stars, planets...
873
01:51:06,332 --> 01:51:10,462
...all cosmic debris
874
01:51:13,923 --> 01:51:17,594
We go forward through time...
875
01:51:19,095 --> 01:51:23,433
...riding the blast wave
876
01:51:41,701 --> 01:51:47,707
Until we reach another cooling cinder...
877
01:51:47,832 --> 01:51:53,630
...swirling in the afterglow of the Big Bang.
878
01:52:00,553 --> 01:52:03,223
We're back where we started
879
01:52:03,348 --> 01:52:06,142
Home.
880
01:52:06,267 --> 01:52:11,064
Only now can we really know it.
881
01:52:11,314 --> 01:52:16,695
Smaller, more fragile than we ever imagine
882
01:52:16,820 --> 01:52:22,742
Destined to die,
swallowed by a dying sun
883
01:52:24,494 --> 01:52:30,041
But we shouldn't despair.
We should rejoice
884
01:52:30,166 --> 01:52:36,423
We've managed to experience
the wonders of the universe
885
01:52:37,215 --> 01:52:41,761
We should celebrate our achievements...
886
01:52:42,679 --> 01:52:47,767
...and enjoy our moment in the sun
68858
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