All language subtitles for How.Its.Made.Dream.Cars.S03E08.Lotus.Evora.1080p.DSCP.WEB-DL.AAC2.0.H.264-NTb_track3_[eng]

Narrator: TODAY ON
"HOW IT'S MADE: DREAM CARS,"

THE LOTUS EVORA,
A PERFORMANCE SPORTS CAR

INSPIRED BY TRACK RACING
BUT FIT FOR THE ROAD.

-- Captions by VITAC --
www.vitac.com

CAPTIONS PAID FOR BY
DISCOVERY COMMUNICATIONS

ENGINEERS DESIGN LOTUS CARS
AT THEIR HEADQUARTERS

IN HETHEL, U.K.

MODERN LOTUS CARS ARE THE RESULT

OF OVER 60 YEARS OF INNOVATIVE
AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING.

LOTUS FOUNDER COLIN CHAPMAN MADE
HIS MARK IN THE RACING INDUSTRY

IN THE 1960s.

HE SOLIDIFIED HIS REPUTATION
AS A LEADING RACECAR BUILDER

WHEN HIS VEHICLES WON

SEVERAL DOUBLE F1 CONSTRUCTORS'
AND DRIVERS' CHAMPIONSHIPS.

ONE EXAMPLE
IS MARIO ANDRETTI'S 1978 VICTORY

WITH A LOTUS TYPE 79.

CHAPMAN INTRODUCED
THE FIRST F1 CAR

WITH A CARBON FIBER MONOCOQUE
IN 1981.

THAT VEHICLE ILLUSTRATED
HIS DESIGN PHILOSOPHY --

TO ADD SPEED, ADD LIGHTNESS.

THE LOTUS EVORA, LOTUS ELISE,
AND LOTUS EXIGE

WERE ALL DESIGNED
FOLLOWING CHAPMAN'S MOTTO.

AT THE LOTUS DRIVING ACADEMY,

CAR ENTHUSIASTS
CAN EXPERIENCE THE HANDLING,

DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE,

AND TRACK ABILITY
OF THESE SUPERCARS.

STYLISTS AND DESIGNERS
STUDY EXISTING LOTUS CARS.

THEY DISCUSS THE AESTHETIC,
TECHNOLOGICAL,

AND AERODYNAMIC FEATURES
OF EACH MODEL.

THEY ALSO CONSIDER IMPROVEMENTS

THAT COULD BE MADE TO THE NEXT
GENERATION OF MODELS.

THE TEAM ALWAYS KEEPS IN MIND
CHAPMAN'S PHILOSOPHY

OF ENHANCING PERFORMANCE
BY MAKING THE CARS LIGHTER,

RATHER THAN SIMPLY MAKING
THEM MORE POWERFUL.

IN THE STYLING STUDIO,

AN ARTIST SKETCHES A MODEL
IN A 3-D CAD SYSTEM.

LAYER BY LAYER, HE ADDS DETAIL
TO THE VIRTUAL SKETCH.

A CLAY-MODELING ROBOT
GIVES SHAPE TO THE DESIGN.

THE CNC-CONTROLLED END MILL TOOL
CARVES THE CLAY,

FOLLOWING PRECISE INSTRUCTIONS
FROM THE DESIGN SYSTEM.

A THICK CLAY LAYER
COVERING A MODELING JIG

ALLOWS THE CNC MACHINE
TO MAKE A COARSE MODEL.

ONCE THE ROBOT IS DONE,
A WORKER FINISHES THE MODELING.

THE MODELER BRUSHES OFF
THE CLAY FLAKES

AND HAND-FINISHES THE MODEL.

HE USES PRECISION SCULPTING
TOOLS

TO EVEN OUT THE CLAY
AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE.

THE GOAL IS TO IMITATE
THE SMOOTHNESS

OF A POLISHED CAR BODY.

THE CLAY MODEL HELPS DESIGNERS
VISUALIZE THE FULL-SIZED CAR.

IT REPRODUCES EVERY DETAIL
OF THE VIRTUAL DESIGN

AND WILL BE USED
FOR AERODYNAMIC TESTING.

THE LOTUS LIGHTWEIGHT STRUCTURES
ANODIZING PLANT

IS LOCATED
IN WELLINGBOROUGH, U.K.

THIS IS WHERE WORKERS
PREPARE THE CAR'S ALUMINUM

FOR ANODIZING.

AN ELECTROLYTIC PROCESS

FORMS AN OXIDE LAYER
ON THE ALUMINUM SURFACE.

WORKERS BEGIN BY PLACING
MACHINED METAL SHEETS

ONTO ELECTRICALLY CHARGED RACKS
CALLED FLIGHT BARS.

THE FLIGHT BARS RUN ELECTRIC
CURRENT THROUGH THE ALUMINUM

DURING THE ANODIZING PROCESS.

BUT BEFORE THIS HAPPENS,

THE PANELS
NEED TO GO THROUGH A DEGREASING

AND DESCALANT BATH.

NOW THAT THE ALUMINUM SHEETS
ARE CLEAN, THE FLIGHT BAR

DIPS THE PANELS INTO
A SODIUM-HYDROXIDE SOLUTION.

THE SOLUTION DISSOLVES
A THIN LAYER OF THE ALUMINUM,

OPENING UP NANOPORES
IN THE METAL SHEETS.

IN THE NEXT TANK,

SULFURIC ACID IS COMBINED
WITH AN ELECTRIC CURRENT,

TRIGGERING A CHEMICAL REACTION

THAT LEAVES A COAT
OF ALUMINUM OXIDE

ON THE SURFACE OF THE METAL.

THIS CORROSION-RESISTANT LAYER
BONDS TO THE ALUMINUM ITSELF,

PROVIDING PROTECTION
THAT WILL NEVER CHIP

OR PEEL OFF.

NEXT, THE FLIGHT BAR

LOWERS THE ANODIZED ALUMINUM
INTO A RINSING TANK.

PLASTIC BALLS FLOATING
ON THE SURFACE OF THE TANK

PREVENT THE LIQUID
FROM EVAPORATING.

NOW, THE RINSED ALUMINUM SHEETS
ARE LOWERED OVER AN AIR JET.

THEY'RE BLOW-DRIED

BEFORE HEADING OFF
TO THE ASSEMBLY DEPARTMENT.

AT THE LOTUS
LIGHTWEIGHT STRUCTURES FACILITY

IN WORCESTER, U.K.,

AN ADHESIVE ROBOT
PREPARES THE PARTS FOR BONDING.

THE ROBOT APPLIES EPOXY ADHESIVE

ON EACH BONDING POINT
AND FLANGE.

THIS PROCESS MAKES THE CHASSIS
VERY STRONG AND STIFF.

BONDING WITH ADHESIVE ALSO
MAINTAINS DIMENSIONAL ACCURACY

AND INTEGRITY, WHICH CANNOT BE
ACHIEVED BY WELDING.

A WORKER TAKES THE PARTS

TO THE ASSEMBLY DEPARTMENT
ON A LOW BUILD TROLLEY.

THE CHASSIS BUILD

BEGINS BY ADDING
MACHINED ALUMINUM EXTRUSIONS

TO THE ASSEMBLY FIXTURE.

THEY ASSEMBLE THE TRIANGULAR
MAIN CHASSIS FRAME.

IT'S DESIGNED TO BEAR MOST OF
THE VEHICLE'S HANDLING FORCES.

THE WORKERS THEN
USE BENDING BEAM EXTRUSIONS

TO FORM THE SIDE RAILS
OF THE CAR.

THEY MUST BE PERFECTLY
ALIGNED WITH THE CHASSIS.

MOUNTING BRACKETS ARE INSTALLED
FOR THE TANK PANEL

AND REAR TORSION BOX.

ONCE THE CHASSIS IS FITTED
WITH THE FRONT TORSION BOX

AND SIDE MEMBER REINFORCEMENTS
ON BOTH RAILS,

IT'S READY FOR ASSEMBLY.

Narrator: THE MAIN CHASSIS
ASSEMBLY LINE IN HETHEL, U.K.,

IS WHERE SKILLED WORKERS
ASSEMBLE

THE MAIN COMPONENTS
OF THE LOTUS EVORA

TO ITS BONDED ALUMINUM FRAME.

A TECHNICIAN STARTS
BY POSITIONING THE CHASSIS

ON A ROLLOVER BUILD TROLLEY.

THIS TOOL ALLOWS HIM
TO FIT PARTS

UNDER THE CHASSIS WITH EASE.

NEXT, HE ROUTES
THE MAIN ELECTRICAL HARNESS

ALONG THE FRAME,

WORKING THE CABLES THROUGH HOLES
IN THE ALUMINUM EXTRUSIONS.

THE HARNESS CONTAINS CABLES

FOR THE ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
OF THE CAR,

INCLUDING THE DOOR LOCKS,
WINDOW CONTROLS,

HEADLIGHT CONTROLS, FUEL SENDER,

INSTRUMENTS, AND NAVIGATION.

THE TECHNICIAN TILTS
THE ROLLOVER BUILD TROLLEY

TO THE SIDE AND MOVES ON
TO THE NEXT ASSEMBLY STEP.

THERE ARE EIGHT ASSEMBLY STAGES.

EACH STEP TAKES
JUST UNDER AN HOUR.

THE CHASSIS ASSEMBLY STEPS

ARE GENERALLY THE SAME
FOR MOST LOTUS MODELS.

BUT THE EVORA
HAS A LARGER CHASSIS

WITH DIFFERENT PART
SPECIFICATIONS,

SUCH AS THIS FULLY ADJUSTABLE
STEERING COLUMN.

BEFORE ASSEMBLING
THE STEERING COLUMN,

THE TECHNICIAN MUST USE
AN ELECTRONIC CENTRALIZING JIB

TO CENTER THE STEERING RACK.

IT IS CRITICAL
THAT THE STEERING RACK

IS CORRECTLY POSITIONED PRIOR TO
SETTING THE STEERING GEOMETRY.

AN OPERATOR PREPARES
THE FUEL-TANK ASSEMBLY

AT THE NEXT STATION.

HE TIGHTENS BOLTS
ON THE FUEL SENDING UNIT

WITH A MANUAL TORQUE WRENCH.

THEN, HE PERFORMS A TEST

TO ENSURE THAT THE FUEL PUMP
IS FUNCTIONING CORRECTLY.

HE INSERTS THE FUEL TANK
IN THE CHASSIS AND POSITIONS

MOUNTING BRACKETS.

HE USES AN AUTOMATIC TORQUE GUN
TO SECURE THE BRACKETS IN PLACE.

HE INSTALLS THE TANK BAY
SHEER PANEL UNDER THE FUEL TANK.

IT PLAYS A KEY STRUCTURAL ROLE

AND COMPLETES
THE REAR TORSION BOX.

THE PANEL IS SECURED IN PLACE

BY FIRST
LIGHTLY TIGHTENING THE BOLTS,

THEN FINISHING THE JOB
WITH THE TORQUE GUN.

EACH ASSEMBLY STEP OF THE MAIN
CHASSIS IS TIMED TO THE MINUTE.

THIS ALLOWS THE WORKERS
TO MOVE EACH TROLLEY UP THE LINE

IN ALMOST PERFECT
SYNCHRONIZATION.

BEFORE MOUNTING THE SUSPENSION
ON THE MAIN CHASSIS, THEY FIRST

APPLY POLYURETHANE ADHESIVE TO
THE SEAT-BELT ANCHORAGE FRAME.

THE SEAT-BELT ANCHORAGE
INCLUDES ROLLOVER PROTECTION

TO PREVENT THE ROOF
FROM COLLAPSING

IF THE CAR FLIPS OVER
IN AN ACCIDENT.

THE WORKER BOLTS THE SEAT-BELT
ANCHORAGE TO THE MAIN CHASSIS

USING AN AUTOMATIC
CALIBRATED TORQUE GUN.

ANOTHER WORKER INSTALLS
THE FRONT ANTI-ROLL BAR.

THIS IMPORTANT PART
OF THE SUSPENSION ASSEMBLY

GIVES THE CAR
ADDITIONAL WHEEL-SPRING RATE

AND LIMITS
THE VEHICLE'S BODY ROLL.

WORKERS ASSEMBLE THE GALVANIZED
STEEL REAR SUBFRAME

TO THE MAIN CHASSIS.

THE ENGINE AND EXHAUST ASSEMBLY

WILL BE INSTALLED
TO THE REAR SUBFRAME NEXT.

Narrator:
AT THE LOTUS ASSEMBLY PLANT,

TECHNICIANS CUSTOMIZE THE DOUBLE
OVERHEAD CAMSHAFT ENGINE

AND GEARBOX BEFORE ATTACHING
THEM TO THE REAR SUBFRAME

OF THE CARS.

A TECHNICIAN INSERTS
THE DIFFERENTIAL

INSIDE THE SIX-SPEED GEARBOX
OF THE EVORA.

HE TAKES THE INPUT SHAFT

AND MOUNTS CLOSE-RATIO
HELICAL GEARS ONTO IT.

HE INSTALLS BOTH THE INPUT AND
OUTPUT SHAFTS IN THE GEARBOX.

THE OUTPUT SHAFT
CONNECTS TO THE DIFFERENTIAL.

THIS TRANSFERS POWER
TO THE WHEELS.

THE TECHNICIAN THEN
INSERTS A SECOND OUTPUT SHAFT.

HE INSTALLS THE REVERSE IDLER
SHAFT INSIDE THE GEARBOX,

CONNECTING IT TO THE INPUT

SHAFT.

THE CUSTOMIZATION OF THE GEARBOX

IS A VERY SENSITIVE,
HIGH-PRECISION TASK.

THE TECHNICIAN
NOW INSTALLS SHIFT FORKS

OVER THE SELECTOR COLLAR
ON THE SHAFTS.

THESE FORKS ALLOW FOR SHIFTING

BETWEEN THE SIX FORWARD GEARS
AND REVERSE.

THE TECHNICIAN INSERTS
SLIDER SHAFTS INTO THE FORKS.

THIS ENABLES THE FORKS
TO MOVE UP OR DOWN

WHEN THE DRIVER SHIFTS GEARS.

ONCE THE GEARBOX ASSEMBLY
IS COMPLETE,

THE TECHNICIAN APPLIES A STRIP
OF NONHARDENING ADHESIVE SEALANT

AROUND THE GEARBOX CASING.

THEN, HE PUTS THE GEARBOX COVER
IN PLACE.

NEXT, A TECHNICIAN

ASSEMBLES A SUPERCHARGER
TO THE V-6 ENGINE AND BOLTS

IT IN PLACE
WITH A PNEUMATIC TORQUE WRENCH.

ANOTHER WORKER JOINS THE GEARBOX
TO THE ENGINE

AND INSERTS FIXING BOLTS.

THEN, A TECHNICIAN LOWERS
THE ENGINE AND GEARBOX ASSEMBLY

ONTO THE SUBFRAME.

HE ASSEMBLES THE GEARBOX MOUNT
TO THE SUBFRAME

USING A MANUAL TORQUE WRENCH.

WITH THE HELP
OF AN OVERHEAD LIFTING DEVICE,

HE ALIGNS THE GEARBOX
WITH THE MOUNT

AND SECURES IT IN PLACE.

THIS FINALIZES
THE ENGINE ASSEMBLY.

WORKERS CONNECT THE EXHAUST
SYSTEM TO THE ENGINE.

IT'S MADE OF AVIATION-GRADE
STAINLESS STEEL

AND MAKES A DISTINCTIVE
RACECAR-LIKE GROWL.

A WORKER HOLDS THE ENGINE AS
THE OTHER BOLTS ON THE EXHAUST.

THE EXHAUST FOR THE EVORA
COMES WITH A SIGNATURE OVAL TIP.

NEXT, TECHNICIANS
USE AN OVERHEAD HOIST

TO POSITION THE ENGINE MODULE
AND SUBFRAME ASSEMBLY

ONTO THE MAIN CHASSIS.

THEY BOLT THE REAR SUBFRAME
IN PLACE

WITH A PNEUMATIC TORQUE GUN.

ONCE THE ENGINE
IS FIRMLY SECURED,

THE OPERATORS RELEASE THE HOIST

TO PREPARE THE TROLLEY
FOR THE NEXT STATION.

JOINING THE ENGINE
TO THE CHASSIS

IS SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT
FOR THE LOTUS ELISE.

OPERATORS INSTALL
THE FOUR-CYLINDER ENGINE

DIRECTLY INTO THE REAR SUBFRAME.

IT'S ALREADY ATTACHED
TO THE MAIN CHASSIS.

THEY PLUG THE ENGINE HARNESS
INTO THE MAIN HARNESS

AND MAKE
THE AUXILIARY CONNECTIONS

TO FINISH THE PROCESS.

NEXT COMES
THE SUSPENSION ARMS ASSEMBLY.

THE INDEPENDENT-FORGED ALUMINUM
DOUBLE WISHBONE SUSPENSION

IS FITTED WITH SERVO-ASSISTED
VENTILATED BRAKE DISCS,

PROVIDING MAXIMUM CONTROL

OVER THE WHEEL'S CAMBER ANGLE
AND SCRUB RADIUS.

IT TAKES ABOUT A DAY'S WORK

TO GET THE CHASSIS FRAME
FULLY ASSEMBLED

AND READY TO SEND OFF
TO THE BODY ASSEMBLY LINE.

THE BODY PANELS
NEED TO BE PAINTED

BEFORE THEY CAN BE ASSEMBLED.

PAINTERS SPRAY THE PANELS

WITH AN ECOLOGICAL
WATER-BASED PRIMER.

WORKERS PAINT THEM IN SETS
TO ENSURE COLOR CONSISTENCY.

IT'S IMPOSSIBLE
TO USE ELECTROSTATIC PAINT

FOR THE BODY PANELS

BECAUSE THE HIGH-TECH COMPOSITE
MATERIAL IS NOT CONDUCTIVE.

PAINTERS NEED TO APPLY
A WATER-BASED LACQUER

TO PROTECT THE PAINT COATING.

Narrator:
AT THE LOTUS HEADQUARTERS,

WORKERS GET THE CARS READY
TO HIT THE ROAD.

TECHNICIANS PUSH
THIS ASSEMBLED EVORA

TO THE FLUID FILL DEPARTMENT
FOR AN INITIAL FUEL FILLING

BEFORE THE ENGINE
GETS STARTED FOR THE FIRST TIME.

AT ANOTHER STATION, WORKERS
TRANSFER THE CHASSIS OF AN EVORA

FROM A HIGH BUILD TROLLEY
TO A LOW BUILD TROLLEY.

THEY GET READY TO BOND
THE PAINTED BODY PANELS

TO THE EXTRUDED-ALUMINUM
CHASSIS.

A TECHNICIAN
APPLIES A POLYURETHANE ADHESIVE

ON THE UPPER RAIL BEFORE
THE CORE-BODY ASSEMBLY MACHINE

ATTACHES THE SIDE PANEL
TO THE CHASSIS.

THE TECHNICIAN PREPARES
THE FRONT CRASH STRUCTURE

FOR BONDING.

THIS PART COVERS
THE FRONT CHASSIS SUBFRAME

AND IS DESIGNED TO ABSORB
THE IMPACT OF AN ACCIDENT.

TECHNICIANS CLAMP IT TIGHT
UNTIL THE ADHESIVE CURES.

THEN, THEY BRING IN THE
COMPOSITE WINDSCREEN APERTURE.

LOCATOR ARMS ARE USED
TO POSITION IT CORRECTLY.

NEXT, THEY FIT THE DOOR
TO THE BODY SIDE PANEL.

A TECHNICIAN USES MEASURE GAUGES
TO MAKE SURE THE FIT IS PERFECT.

TECHNICIANS ASSEMBLE
THE DOOR-CLOSING MECHANISM

CALLED THE DOOR STRIKER.

THEY SCREW IN A STEEL BOLT
OVER A WASHER

TO PREVENT
DAMAGING THE COMPOSITE.

THE STRIKER IS SET TO ALLOW FOR
A NICE AND SMOOTH DOOR CLOSURE.

TECHNICIANS NOW BRING
IN THE REAR CLAMSHELL.

IT ONLY WEIGHS ABOUT 40 POUNDS.

THE PANEL FITS
OVER THE REAL MODULE

TO COVER
BOTH THE ENGINE AND FUEL TANK.

THE TECHNICIAN

SETS THE REAR CLAMSHELL FLUSH
TO THE BODY SIDE PANELS.

THEN, THEY INSTALL
THE FRONT CLAMSHELL.

THE PANEL FITS
OVER THE CRASH STRUCTURE

AND HAS OPENINGS
FOR THE RADIATOR VENTS,

HEADLIGHTS, AND FLASHERS.

WITH THE CAR
SITTING ON A TWO-POST RAMP LIFT,

A TECHNICIAN
INSTALLS THE REAR DIFFUSER.

THE DIFFUSER IS DESIGNED
FOR OPTIMAL AERODYNAMICS,

REDUCING BOTH DRAG AND LIFT.

IT PREVENTS AIR TURBULENCE FROM
REDUCING THE CAR'S PERFORMANCE.

NOW, A TECHNICIAN
MOUNTS THE WHEELS

ON CROSS-DRILLED BRAKE DISCS.

HE ROUGHLY TIGHTENS THE NUTS
THROUGH THE 12-SPOKE RIM

BEFORE LOWERING THE VEHICLE
ON ITS WHEELS

FOR THE VERY FIRST TIME.

THE TECHNICIAN FINISHES
TORQUEING THE WHEEL NUTS

WITH A MANUAL WRENCH.

HE MARKS EACH ONE THAT'S BEEN
TIGHTENED TO THE CORRECT TORQUE.

NEXT, THE FINISHED CAR
GOES TO THE CHASSIS DYNAMOMETER

OR ROLLING ROAD.

THIS IS WHERE THE VEHICLE

GOES THROUGH A COMPLETE
FUNCTIONAL TESTING PROCESS.

DRIVE ROLLERS ACTIVATE
THE FRONT WHEELS

TO CALIBRATE THE DYNAMOMETER.

A COMPUTER PROMPTS THE DRIVER

WITH INSTRUCTIONS
THROUGHOUT THE TESTING CYCLE.

INTEGRATED CALIBRATION TOOLS

MONITOR AND ANALYZE
THE CAR'S RESPONSE.

THE DRIVER MOVES THE REAR WHEELS
ONTO THE ROLLERS

TO TEST VARIOUS DRIVETRAIN
COMPONENTS LIKE THE REAR BRAKES.

THE COMPUTER PROCESSES THE DATA

AND USES IT
FOR ENGINE CALIBRATION.

THE DYNAMOMETER MEASURES
THE ENGINE RPM,

HORSEPOWER, AND TORQUE OUTPUT
AT VARIOUS SPEEDS

AND ALSO MONITORS
THE ENGINE'S RESPONSE

TO ACCELERATION
AND GEAR SHIFTING.

THIS SYSTEM ALLOWS
FOR THE DYNAMIC TESTING

OF ALL THE VEHICLE'S FEATURES,

INCLUDING EMISSION SAMPLING
AND FUEL-CONSUMPTION ANALYSIS.

THE ENGINE MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE
MUST HAVE THIS TEST DATA

BEFORE THE CAR
CAN LEAVE THE PRODUCTION LINE.

FINALLY, THE CARS
GO TO SURFACE FINISHING.

WORKERS POLISH AND CLEAN
THE CAR BODY

USING
PNEUMATIC ORBITAL POLISHERS.

LOW-SPEED DRY POLISHING
LEAVES A GLOSSY FINISH,

ENHANCING THE SMOOTHNESS
AND SHINE

OF THE LACQUER-PROTECTED
COLOR COATING.

THESE SUPERCARS
ARE READY TO BE TRIED OUT --

THE EVORA, WITH ITS INTEGRATED
AERODYNAMIC REAR BOOT SPOILER;

THE SLICK CONVERTIBLE
ELISE SPORTS CAR;

AND THE EXIGE COUPE.

THE INTERIOR OF THE CARS
ARE UPHOLSTERED IN LEATHER

AND FEATURE AN ERGONOMICALLY
SHAPED STEERING WHEEL

WITH LIGHTWEIGHT RIM.

COMBINING AERODYNAMIC
DRAG-REDUCTION ENGINEERING

WITH AESTHETIC DESIGN,
LOTUS CARS

ARE AMONG THE BEST-HANDLING
SPORTS CARS IN THE WORLD.

THEY CAN TAKE ON A CURVE
AT HIGH SPEEDS

WITHOUT LOSING TRACTION.

A LOTUS DRIVING ACADEMY
INSTRUCTOR NOW TAKES THE EVORA

FOR A TEST DRIVE.

THE LOTUS EVORA

IS LARGER AND MORE SOPHISTICATED
THAN THE ELISE AND EXIGE

BUT HAS THE SAME EASY HANDLING
AND SMOOTH RIDE.