Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated:
1
00:00:02,137 --> 00:00:05,000
--Captions by VITAC--
www.vitac.com
2
00:00:05,000 --> 00:00:07,931
CAPTIONS PAID FOR BY
DISCOVERY COMMUNICATIONS
3
00:00:51,379 --> 00:00:53,137
Narrator:
RETRACTILE CORDS
4
00:00:53,137 --> 00:00:56,310
WERE INVENTED FOR TELEPHONE
HANDSETS IN THE LATE 1930s,
5
00:00:56,310 --> 00:00:58,517
AND EVER SINCE,
THESE COILED CORDS
6
00:00:58,517 --> 00:01:01,172
HAVE BEEN MAKING
A LOT OF GREAT CONNECTIONS,
7
00:01:01,172 --> 00:01:03,862
FROM MEDICAL EQUIPMENT
TO CONSTRUCTION TOOLS
8
00:01:03,862 --> 00:01:05,379
TO INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY.
9
00:01:05,379 --> 00:01:09,413
THEY KEEP IN A LOT OF THINGS
PLUGGED IN, IN A VERY NEAT WAY.
10
00:01:12,655 --> 00:01:15,482
RETRACTILE CORDS STRETCH
WHEN NEEDED
11
00:01:15,482 --> 00:01:18,896
AND SPRING BACK
INTO A TIGHT COIL AFTERWARDS,
12
00:01:18,896 --> 00:01:21,344
AND THAT MEANS NO TANGLED KNOTS
AND WIRING SNARL-UPS,
13
00:01:21,344 --> 00:01:22,689
WHICH SAVES TIME
14
00:01:22,689 --> 00:01:26,620
THAT WOULD OTHERWISE BE SPENT
STRAIGHTENING THINGS OUT.
15
00:01:26,620 --> 00:01:29,862
PRODUCTION BEGINS
WITH THERMOPLASTIC COLORING.
16
00:01:29,862 --> 00:01:32,793
THE COLOR SELECTED INDICATES
THE ELECTRICAL FUNCTION
17
00:01:32,793 --> 00:01:34,275
OF EACH WIRE IN THE CORD.
18
00:01:34,275 --> 00:01:36,103
IT TAKES JUST A SMALL AMOUNT
19
00:01:36,103 --> 00:01:39,448
TO TINT A BATCH OF WHITE PLASTIC
PELLETS A VIVID HUE
20
00:01:39,448 --> 00:01:41,655
AS THEY MELT IN AN EXTRUDER.
21
00:01:43,689 --> 00:01:46,379
TIN-PLATED COPPER WIRE
FEEDS INTO THAT EXTRUDER,
22
00:01:46,379 --> 00:01:48,965
AND THE COLORED MOLTEN PLASTIC
COATS THE WIRE
23
00:01:48,965 --> 00:01:52,517
TO PROVIDE AN INSULATING WRAP.
24
00:01:52,517 --> 00:01:55,172
AS IT EXITS THE EXTRUDER,
25
00:01:55,172 --> 00:01:57,620
THE PLASTIC CASING
IS STILL WARM AND SOFT,
26
00:01:57,620 --> 00:02:00,137
BUT COOL WATER SOLIDIFIES IT.
27
00:02:03,517 --> 00:02:08,206
A SPOOL THEN TAKES UP
THE INSULATED WIRING.
28
00:02:08,206 --> 00:02:11,896
NEXT, SEVERAL WIRES
UNWIND SIMULTANEOUSLY
29
00:02:11,896 --> 00:02:14,758
OVER GUIDE ROLLERS
AND INTO A SPREADER PLATE.
30
00:02:14,758 --> 00:02:20,655
THE PLATE PRECISELY ALIGNS THE
WIRES AS THEY FEED INTO A DIE.
31
00:02:20,655 --> 00:02:23,241
THIS DIE DRAWS THEM DOWN
TO THE CORRECT DIAMETER,
32
00:02:23,241 --> 00:02:25,862
WHILE A MECHANISM
FURTHER DOWN THE PRODUCTION LINE
33
00:02:25,862 --> 00:02:28,000
TWISTS THE WIRES INTO ONE CORD.
34
00:02:31,827 --> 00:02:34,931
THE CORD CONTINUES TO TWIST
35
00:02:34,931 --> 00:02:37,655
AS ROLLERS WRAP POLYESTER-BACKED
FOIL AROUND IT.
36
00:02:37,655 --> 00:02:38,931
THIS FOIL IS A SHIELD
37
00:02:38,931 --> 00:02:41,172
TO PROTECT THE WIRES
FROM ELECTRICAL INTERFERENCE
38
00:02:41,172 --> 00:02:44,620
AND IS AN OPTIONAL FEATURE.
39
00:02:44,620 --> 00:02:47,896
THE CORD THEN PASSES
THROUGH THE TWISTING MECHANISM
40
00:02:47,896 --> 00:02:49,689
AND ONTO A TAKE-UP REEL.
41
00:02:51,413 --> 00:02:53,620
NEXT, STANDARD UNSHIELDED CORD
42
00:02:53,620 --> 00:02:56,344
TRAVELS THROUGH
BEADS OF ELECTRODES
43
00:02:56,344 --> 00:02:59,379
AS THOUSANDS OF VOLTS OF
ELECTRICITY ARE APPLIED TO THEM.
44
00:02:59,379 --> 00:03:03,379
THE ENERGIZED ELECTRODES DETECT
ANY FAULTS IN THE WIRES.
45
00:03:03,379 --> 00:03:06,689
IF THEY FIND NONE,
THE CORD MOVES FORWARD.
46
00:03:08,206 --> 00:03:11,689
THE NEXT MACHINE GIVES THE CORD
A PAPER WRAP.
47
00:03:11,689 --> 00:03:16,206
THAT'S FOLLOWED BY THE FINAL
LAYER, A THERMOPLASTIC JACKET.
48
00:03:19,103 --> 00:03:23,000
IT ALSO TAKES A TRIP THROUGH
A COOLING STATION TO SOLIDIFY.
49
00:03:25,517 --> 00:03:29,413
AN INK-JET PRINTER APPLIES
TECHNICAL AND OTHER INFORMATION.
50
00:03:32,000 --> 00:03:34,034
THE PLASTIC CASINGS
OF SOME CORDS
51
00:03:34,034 --> 00:03:36,724
HAVE BEEN TREATED
WITH FIRE-RETARDANT CHEMICALS.
52
00:03:36,724 --> 00:03:39,172
NOW THEY PUT THAT TREATMENT
TO THE TEST.
53
00:03:39,172 --> 00:03:40,827
THE CORD DOESN'T CATCH FIRE,
54
00:03:40,827 --> 00:03:43,862
CONFIRMING
THAT IT'S FLAME-RESISTANT.
55
00:03:43,862 --> 00:03:46,000
SO IT'S NOW READY TO BE COILED.
56
00:03:47,758 --> 00:03:49,931
THIS WORKER
GETS THE PROCESS STARTED
57
00:03:49,931 --> 00:03:52,206
BY MANUALLY WINDING IT
AROUND A ROD.
58
00:03:55,517 --> 00:03:57,034
THEN HE PRESSES A BUTTON,
59
00:03:57,034 --> 00:04:01,689
AND THE AUTOMATED WINDER
DOES THE REST.
60
00:04:01,689 --> 00:04:06,206
THIS ESTABLISHES THE SPIRALING
PROFILE OF THE RETRACTILE CORD.
61
00:04:06,206 --> 00:04:09,275
BUT AT THIS POINT,
THE COIL WON'T HOLD.
62
00:04:09,275 --> 00:04:12,586
SIMPLY PULLING OUT THE ROD
WOULD CAUSE IT TO UNRAVEL.
63
00:04:12,586 --> 00:04:15,896
THE PLASTIC SHEATHING
AROUND THE WIRES HAS NO MEMORY,
64
00:04:15,896 --> 00:04:19,000
SO IT WON'T RETAIN THE SHAPE.
65
00:04:19,000 --> 00:04:21,758
THEY WHEEL THE CORDS,
STILL ON RODS,
66
00:04:21,758 --> 00:04:26,241
INTO AN INDUSTRIAL OVEN AND BAKE
THEM AT 200 DEGREES FAHRENHEIT.
67
00:04:31,482 --> 00:04:35,793
THIS GIVES THE CORD'S PLASTIC
CASING THE NECESSARY MEMORY
68
00:04:35,793 --> 00:04:40,517
SO THAT WHEN THE OPERATOR PULLS
OUT THE ROD, THE COIL IS INTACT.
69
00:04:44,655 --> 00:04:47,275
BUT IT STILL DOESN'T HAVE
THE NECESSARY SNAP.
70
00:04:47,275 --> 00:04:48,482
THAT IS NOW ACHIEVED
71
00:04:48,482 --> 00:04:50,827
BY REVERSING THE DIRECTION
OF THE COIL.
72
00:04:50,827 --> 00:04:53,344
THE EQUIPMENT USED FOR THAT
IS PROPRIETARY,
73
00:04:53,344 --> 00:04:57,172
SO THIS WORKER DEMONSTRATES
THE BASIC CONCEPT WITH A DRILL.
74
00:04:57,172 --> 00:04:59,758
THE DRILL TURNS THE CORD
COUNTERCLOCKWISE
75
00:04:59,758 --> 00:05:01,379
FOR AN IMPRESSIVE REWIND.
76
00:05:01,379 --> 00:05:04,551
THE EFFECT RIPPLES
ALL THE WAY DOWN TO THE END.
77
00:05:04,551 --> 00:05:07,758
REVERSING THE DIRECTION
OF THE COIL TRANSFORMS IT.
78
00:05:07,758 --> 00:05:09,689
THE PROCESS TIGHTENS THE SPIRAL
79
00:05:09,689 --> 00:05:12,103
SO THAT AFTER THE CORD
IS STRETCHED,
80
00:05:12,103 --> 00:05:14,517
IT RETRACTS
TO ITS ORIGINAL SHAPE.
81
00:05:17,275 --> 00:05:19,551
THE DIFFERENCE IS VERY APPARENT.
82
00:05:19,551 --> 00:05:23,034
THE TOP COIL IN THIS SHOT
HASN'T BEEN REVERSED,
83
00:05:23,034 --> 00:05:26,310
WHILE THE BOTTOM ONE HAS,
AND IT'S CLEARLY MUCH TIGHTER.
84
00:05:30,068 --> 00:05:31,655
SO THESE RETRACTILE CORDS
85
00:05:31,655 --> 00:05:34,172
ARE NOW READY TO BE STRETCHED
TO THE MAX
86
00:05:34,172 --> 00:05:36,482
AND SNAP RIGHT BACK AGAIN.
87
00:05:51,482 --> 00:05:53,241
Narrator:
BEING BEHIND THE WHEEL
88
00:05:53,241 --> 00:05:55,379
OF A TRADITIONAL-STYLE
BRITISH SPORTS CAR
89
00:05:55,379 --> 00:05:57,241
WILL SURELY GET YOU NOTICED.
90
00:05:57,241 --> 00:06:01,172
THESE VEHICLES COMBINE MODERN
PERFORMANCE WITH CLASSIC STYLING
91
00:06:01,172 --> 00:06:04,068
THAT DATES BACK
TO THE TURN OF THE LAST CENTURY.
92
00:06:04,068 --> 00:06:06,551
EVEN THE INNER CONSTRUCTION
IS TRADITIONAL,
93
00:06:06,551 --> 00:06:09,448
WITH THE CAR'S BODY FRAME
HANDCRAFTED OUT OF WOOD.
94
00:06:12,000 --> 00:06:14,241
THE FIRST MODELS,
IN THE EARLY 1900s,
95
00:06:14,241 --> 00:06:16,896
WERE THREE-WHEELERS
WITH MOTORCYCLE ENGINES.
96
00:06:16,896 --> 00:06:19,206
IT WASN'T UNTIL THE MID-1930s
97
00:06:19,206 --> 00:06:22,241
THAT THESE HIP SPORTS CARS
ACQUIRED A FOURTH WHEEL
98
00:06:22,241 --> 00:06:24,724
AND A FOUR-CYLINDER
AUTOMOTIVE ENGINE.
99
00:06:24,724 --> 00:06:27,965
BUT ONE THING HASN'T CHANGED
IN MORE THAN A CENTURY --
100
00:06:27,965 --> 00:06:29,655
THE WOOD-FRAME CONSTRUCTION.
101
00:06:29,655 --> 00:06:31,896
IN THE FACTORY'S WOODSHOP,
102
00:06:31,896 --> 00:06:35,551
WORKERS GLUE TOGETHER
2/10"-THICK ASH PANELS
103
00:06:35,551 --> 00:06:38,000
TO PRODUCE A 3-PLY LAMINATION
104
00:06:38,000 --> 00:06:40,862
WITH WHICH TO MAKE
THE FRAME'S CURVED COMPONENTS.
105
00:06:40,862 --> 00:06:42,517
TO MAKE EACH WHEEL ARCH,
106
00:06:42,517 --> 00:06:45,482
THEY CLAMP A LAMINATION
INTO A ROUNDED JIG
107
00:06:45,482 --> 00:06:47,034
FOR A COUPLE OF HOURS.
108
00:06:47,034 --> 00:06:50,034
THE GLUE DRIES,
LOCKING THE CURVE IN THE WOOD.
109
00:06:50,034 --> 00:06:52,517
THEY MAKE THE FRAME'S
FRONT SECTION
110
00:06:52,517 --> 00:06:54,896
OUT OF THREE SOLID PIECES
OF ASH.
111
00:06:54,896 --> 00:06:57,758
TRIANGULAR WOOD JIGS
ALIGN THE FRAME,
112
00:06:57,758 --> 00:07:01,655
WHILE WORKERS SCREW IN
A SOLID ASH RAIL ON EACH SIDE.
113
00:07:01,655 --> 00:07:03,793
THESE RAILS CONNECT
TO BACK FRAMING
114
00:07:03,793 --> 00:07:06,413
AND FORM THE BOTTOM
OF THE CAR'S DOOR OPENINGS.
115
00:07:06,413 --> 00:07:09,103
TWO VERTICAL RAILS
FORM THE SIDE OF THE OPENINGS
116
00:07:09,103 --> 00:07:11,620
ON WHICH THE DOOR WILL HINGE.
117
00:07:11,620 --> 00:07:13,827
USING A SPOKE SHAVE,
118
00:07:13,827 --> 00:07:16,724
WORKERS FINE-TUNE EACH DOORFRAME
SO THAT IT FITS PERFECTLY
119
00:07:16,724 --> 00:07:18,896
INTO THE OPENINGS
THEY HAVE JUST CONSTRUCTED.
120
00:07:23,586 --> 00:07:27,310
THEN THEY MOUNT THE DOORFRAME
WITH STRONG STEEL HINGES.
121
00:07:29,379 --> 00:07:33,310
THEY SUBMERGE THE FINISHED FRAME
IN WOOD PRESERVATIVE,
122
00:07:33,310 --> 00:07:35,379
GIVING THE CHEMICAL
PLENTY OF TIME
123
00:07:35,379 --> 00:07:38,000
TO THOROUGHLY PENETRATE
THE PORES OF THE WOOD.
124
00:07:38,000 --> 00:07:40,379
THIS WILL PREVENT THE FRAME
FROM ROTTING.
125
00:07:44,965 --> 00:07:46,862
IN ANOTHER PART OF THE FACTORY,
126
00:07:46,862 --> 00:07:50,379
WORKERS ASSEMBLE THE ENGINE,
TRANSMISSION, AND DRIVE SHAFT
127
00:07:50,379 --> 00:07:53,068
TO THE CAR'S
GALVANIZED-STEEL CHASSIS,
128
00:07:53,068 --> 00:07:56,586
THEN MOUNT THE FRONT AND REAR
AXLES AND WHEELS.
129
00:07:56,586 --> 00:07:59,310
THEY'LL SWITCH
THE BRASS WHEEL NUTS
130
00:07:59,310 --> 00:08:01,655
FOR FANCY CHROME ONES LATER ON.
131
00:08:03,586 --> 00:08:05,310
BACK TO THE BODYWORK NOW.
132
00:08:05,310 --> 00:08:08,931
THEY CUT AN ALUMINUM PANEL
TO THE SHAPE OF THE DOORFRAME,
133
00:08:08,931 --> 00:08:13,034
ONLY WIDER ALL AROUND,
CLAMP IT ON TO THE DOORFRAME,
134
00:08:13,034 --> 00:08:15,241
HAMMER DOWN THIS DOOR SKIN,
AS IT'S CALLED,
135
00:08:15,241 --> 00:08:17,862
OVER THE FRAME EDGE ALL AROUND.
136
00:08:21,034 --> 00:08:22,827
THEY REMOVE THE CLAMPS,
137
00:08:22,827 --> 00:08:26,827
THEN PEEL OFF
THE PANEL'S PROTECTIVE COVERING.
138
00:08:26,827 --> 00:08:30,344
AFTER PANELING THE REST
OF THE WOOD FRAME IN ALUMINUM,
139
00:08:30,344 --> 00:08:34,413
THEY RE-INSTALL THE DOOR, GENTLY
TAPPING THE HINGE PIN IN PLACE.
140
00:08:36,379 --> 00:08:39,379
NOW THEY LOWER THE PANELED BODY
ONTO THE CHASSIS.
141
00:08:39,379 --> 00:08:42,103
THE ONLY WOODEN PARTS
NOT COVERED WITH METAL
142
00:08:42,103 --> 00:08:43,758
ARE THE REAR WHEEL WELLS.
143
00:08:43,758 --> 00:08:46,172
UNLIKE THE REST
OF THE BODY FRAME,
144
00:08:46,172 --> 00:08:49,310
THESE ARE MADE
OF WATER-RESISTANT PLYWOOD.
145
00:08:49,310 --> 00:08:52,862
TWO BONNETS FORM THE CAR'S HOOD.
146
00:08:53,862 --> 00:08:55,275
TO MAKE EACH ONE,
147
00:08:55,275 --> 00:08:59,000
A CRAFTSMAN FEEDS ALUMINUM
THROUGH ROLLERS TO CURVE IT.
148
00:08:59,000 --> 00:09:01,379
THEN HE MASSAGES IT
OVER AN OLD LOG
149
00:09:01,379 --> 00:09:04,310
THAT THIS FACTORY'S BEEN USING
FOR THIS PURPOSE
150
00:09:04,310 --> 00:09:06,482
SINCE THE 1930s.
151
00:09:07,482 --> 00:09:10,793
THEY PUT EACH PANEL THROUGH
A PRESS THAT CUTS LOUVER HOLES.
152
00:09:10,793 --> 00:09:12,137
IN THE OLD DAYS,
153
00:09:12,137 --> 00:09:15,310
THE PURPOSE OF LOUVERS
WAS TO VENTILATE THE ENGINE,
154
00:09:15,310 --> 00:09:17,551
BUT NOW THEY'RE MOSTLY
FOR STYLE.
155
00:09:17,551 --> 00:09:19,413
THE TWO FINISHED BONNET PANELS
156
00:09:19,413 --> 00:09:21,896
GO ON EITHER SIDE
OF A CENTRAL HINGE,
157
00:09:21,896 --> 00:09:25,034
FORMING A CAR HOOD
THAT OPENS LIKE BUTTERFLY WINGS.
158
00:09:28,448 --> 00:09:30,965
THE BODY GETS A PAINT JOB.
159
00:09:30,965 --> 00:09:34,793
THEN THEY TRIM THE CAR'S
INTERIOR WITH GENUINE LEATHER,
160
00:09:34,793 --> 00:09:37,793
CUTTING AND STITCHING
EVERY PIECE BY HAND
161
00:09:37,793 --> 00:09:39,758
AND AFFIXING IT
TO THE WOOD FRAME.
162
00:09:39,758 --> 00:09:44,310
THEY MAKE DOOR SEALS BY WRAPPING
LEATHER AROUND RUBBER TUBING.
163
00:09:47,931 --> 00:09:50,793
AND FINALLY
THEY RE-FIT THE WINGS,
164
00:09:50,793 --> 00:09:54,310
NOW PAINTED,
OVER THE FRONT AND BACK WHEELS.
165
00:09:54,310 --> 00:09:56,344
THE FRONT WINGS HAVE SHELLS
166
00:09:56,344 --> 00:09:58,586
WHICH HOUSE
THE CAR'S HEADLIGHTS.
167
00:10:00,275 --> 00:10:02,827
WORKERS INSTALL THE RADIATOR
AT THE FRONT
168
00:10:02,827 --> 00:10:05,172
AND TOP IT WITH A COVER
CALLED A COWL.
169
00:10:07,758 --> 00:10:11,310
THEN THE ELECTRONIC-DASHBOARD
INSTRUMENTS, GEARSHIFT,
170
00:10:11,310 --> 00:10:15,551
WINDSHIELD, MIRRORS, AND,
OF COURSE, THE STEERING WHEEL.
171
00:10:15,551 --> 00:10:17,758
THEY ALSO ATTACH THE HOOD --
172
00:10:17,758 --> 00:10:22,862
HANDCRAFTED FROM EITHER VINYL
OR MOHAIR -- TO A TUBULAR FRAME.
173
00:10:22,862 --> 00:10:25,620
AFTER INSTALLING
THE LEATHER-TRIMMED SEATS,
174
00:10:25,620 --> 00:10:28,241
THEY TAKE THE VEHICLE OUT
FOR A TEST DRIVE,
175
00:10:28,241 --> 00:10:29,655
THEN, UPON RETURN,
176
00:10:29,655 --> 00:10:33,000
PUT IT THROUGH A METICULOUS
INSPECTION, INSIDE AND OUT.
177
00:10:33,000 --> 00:10:35,103
AFTER A WAX POLISHING,
178
00:10:35,103 --> 00:10:37,965
THIS FANCY FUSION
OF TECHNOLOGY AND TRADITION
179
00:10:37,965 --> 00:10:40,758
FINALLY GETS THE GREEN LIGHT.
180
00:10:50,551 --> 00:10:52,448
Narrator:
SUSHI IS A MEAL THAT APPEALS
181
00:10:52,448 --> 00:10:54,103
TO THE DISCRIMINATING PALATE.
182
00:10:54,103 --> 00:10:56,482
BUT IT HAD
VERY RUDIMENTARY BEGINNINGS.
183
00:10:56,482 --> 00:10:59,551
THE FIRST SUSHI WAS ACTUALLY
A FORM OF FOOD PRESERVATION.
184
00:10:59,551 --> 00:11:02,206
SALTED FISH
WAS COVERED IN COOKED RICE
185
00:11:02,206 --> 00:11:05,172
AND LEFT TO FERMENT FOR MONTHS
AND EVEN YEARS.
186
00:11:05,172 --> 00:11:08,517
THE RICE WAS THEN THROWN AWAY
AND THE FISH CONSUMED.
187
00:11:11,379 --> 00:11:14,275
A FRESH APPROACH CAME
ABOUT A CENTURY AGO,
188
00:11:14,275 --> 00:11:17,206
WHEN THE JAPANESE
BEGAN COMBINING RAW FISH
189
00:11:17,206 --> 00:11:19,448
WITH PRESSED MOUNDS
OF COOKED RICE.
190
00:11:19,448 --> 00:11:21,689
IT WAS A MOUTH-WATERING
COMBINATION
191
00:11:21,689 --> 00:11:24,620
AND BROUGHT SOMETHING
ENTIRELY NEW TO THE TABLE.
192
00:11:24,620 --> 00:11:27,517
RICE IS NOW
AN ESSENTIAL PART OF SUSHI.
193
00:11:27,517 --> 00:11:30,310
SUSHI CHEFS
USE SHORT OR MEDIUM GRAIN
194
00:11:30,310 --> 00:11:33,965
BECAUSE IT STICKS TOGETHER
BETTER THAN LONGER GRAIN.
195
00:11:33,965 --> 00:11:36,689
THE RICE UNDERGOES
A THOROUGH WASHING.
196
00:11:36,689 --> 00:11:39,586
FIRST THE CHEF
SWISHES IT AROUND IN WATER
197
00:11:39,586 --> 00:11:41,275
TO RINSE OFF IMPURITIES.
198
00:11:41,275 --> 00:11:44,103
THIS ALSO BEGINS TO REMOVE
THE RICE BRAN,
199
00:11:44,103 --> 00:11:46,931
WHICH HAS AN UNDESIRABLE FLAVOR
AND AROMA.
200
00:11:46,931 --> 00:11:50,241
HE DRAINS THE RICE
AND ADDS CLEAN WATER.
201
00:11:50,241 --> 00:11:54,275
NEXT, HE SCRUBS IT WITH HIS PALM
FAIRLY VIGOROUSLY
202
00:11:54,275 --> 00:11:56,517
TO REMOVE
MORE OF THE RICE BRAN.
203
00:11:56,517 --> 00:11:59,413
WHEN THE WATER BECOMES CLOUDY
FROM THE BRAN,
204
00:11:59,413 --> 00:12:00,793
HE CHANGES IT AGAIN.
205
00:12:00,793 --> 00:12:03,517
BY NOW, THE WATER
HAS SOFTENED THE RICE,
206
00:12:03,517 --> 00:12:05,931
WHICH MAKES THE GRAINS
PRONE TO BREAKAGE.
207
00:12:05,931 --> 00:12:08,172
SO HE SCRUBS THEM MORE GENTLY
THIS TIME
208
00:12:08,172 --> 00:12:11,275
TO KEEP THE RICE GRAINS WHOLE.
209
00:12:11,275 --> 00:12:14,517
FINALLY, HE RINSES THE RICE
UNDER A RUNNING FAUCET
210
00:12:14,517 --> 00:12:16,896
UNTIL THE WATER DRAINS CLEAR.
211
00:12:16,896 --> 00:12:20,103
THIS RICE IS NOW THOROUGHLY
WASHED AND READY TO COOK,
212
00:12:20,103 --> 00:12:23,448
SO HE ADDS AN EQUAL AMOUNT
OF WATER AND A SPLASH OF SAKE
213
00:12:23,448 --> 00:12:25,448
AND PLUGS IN THE RICE COOKER.
214
00:12:28,275 --> 00:12:29,758
THE PREVIOUS DAY,
215
00:12:29,758 --> 00:12:33,689
HE SEASONED RICE VINEGAR WITH
A STRIP OF DRIED KOMBU SEAWEED
216
00:12:33,689 --> 00:12:37,206
AND LEFT IT
TO SOAK UP THE FLAVORS.
217
00:12:37,206 --> 00:12:41,034
THE FLAVORED VINEGAR IS KEY
TO MAKING GOOD SUSHI RICE.
218
00:12:41,034 --> 00:12:43,000
IT'S WHAT MAKES THE RICE STICKY.
219
00:12:47,103 --> 00:12:49,896
HE POURS THE SUSHI VINEGAR
INTO THE COOKED RICE
220
00:12:49,896 --> 00:12:53,413
AND EVENLY DISTRIBUTES IT
WITH A GENTLE FOLDING MOTION
221
00:12:53,413 --> 00:12:56,206
TO KEEP EACH GRAIN INTACT.
222
00:12:57,448 --> 00:13:02,034
HE FANS THE RICE AND GRAINS DRY,
TO A NICE SHEEN.
223
00:13:02,034 --> 00:13:06,275
WITH THE RICE PREPARED, IT'S
TIME FOR ALL THE RAW DETAILS.
224
00:13:06,275 --> 00:13:09,896
EACH FISH MUST BE ASSESSED
FOR SPOILAGE OR DAMAGE.
225
00:13:09,896 --> 00:13:11,206
THE CHEF LIFTS THE GILLS
226
00:13:11,206 --> 00:13:13,310
TO CONFIRM
THAT THE FLESH UNDERNEATH
227
00:13:13,310 --> 00:13:17,172
IS RED AND TRANSLUCENT --
ESSENTIALLY FRESH-LOOKING.
228
00:13:19,275 --> 00:13:22,068
HE ALSO EXAMINES
THE EYES OF THE FISH.
229
00:13:22,068 --> 00:13:24,344
THEY SHOULD BE BRIGHT AND CLEAR.
230
00:13:24,344 --> 00:13:27,620
HE THEN PRODS THE SKIN
OF THIS SEA BREAM FISH
231
00:13:27,620 --> 00:13:29,344
TO ESTABLISH IT'S FIRM.
232
00:13:29,344 --> 00:13:32,586
ONCE HE'S SATISFIED,
HE PREPARES THE FISH,
233
00:13:32,586 --> 00:13:35,482
FIRST SCRAPING AWAY
THE UNPALATABLE AND MESSY SCALE
234
00:13:35,482 --> 00:13:37,275
WITH A RASP.
235
00:13:38,448 --> 00:13:42,137
NEXT, HE USES THE THIN EDGE
OF A ONE-SIDED BLADE
236
00:13:42,137 --> 00:13:43,689
TO FILLET THE FISH.
237
00:13:43,689 --> 00:13:45,034
RAZOR-SHARP,
238
00:13:45,034 --> 00:13:48,137
THIS KNIFE CUTS CLEANLY
THROUGH THE FRAGILE FLESH.
239
00:13:48,137 --> 00:13:51,137
HE SLICES OFF
AND DISCARDS THE HEAD.
240
00:13:54,206 --> 00:13:57,172
HE THEN CARVES THE FLESH
FROM THE BACKBONE.
241
00:13:59,379 --> 00:14:02,448
NOW, FIRMLY GRASPING
THE TAIL OF THE FILLET,
242
00:14:02,448 --> 00:14:04,517
HE CUTS THE SKIN FROM THE FLESH,
243
00:14:04,517 --> 00:14:07,310
USING A ZIGZAG MOTION
TO PULL IT AWAY.
244
00:14:07,310 --> 00:14:10,793
THIS TECHNIQUE LEAVES NO FLESH
ON THE SKIN AT ALL
245
00:14:10,793 --> 00:14:13,413
SO THAT NOT A MORSEL
GOES TO WASTE.
246
00:14:13,413 --> 00:14:18,344
USING FISH-BONE TWEEZERS, HE
EXTRACTS ALL THE LITTLE BONES.
247
00:14:21,448 --> 00:14:24,793
HE NOW SLICES THE FISH
ON AN ANGLE ACROSS THE GRAIN,
248
00:14:24,793 --> 00:14:26,310
USING ONE LONG STROKE
249
00:14:26,310 --> 00:14:30,379
THAT DOESN'T TEAR THE FIBERS
THE WAY A SAWING MOTION WOULD.
250
00:14:30,379 --> 00:14:33,896
THE RESULT IS A SHINY,
SMOOTH PIECE OF SEA BREAM.
251
00:14:35,172 --> 00:14:36,482
NEXT HE PEELS AWAY
252
00:14:36,482 --> 00:14:39,655
THE TRANSPARENT OUTER SKIN
OF A MARINATED MACKEREL
253
00:14:39,655 --> 00:14:43,000
TO EXPOSE THE SILVERY SUBSKIN.
254
00:14:43,931 --> 00:14:45,275
THE GORGEOUS SUBSKIN
255
00:14:45,275 --> 00:14:48,517
IS A FEATURE THAT ADDS
PRESENTATION VALUE TO THE SUSHI,
256
00:14:48,517 --> 00:14:50,655
AND IT'S ALSO TASTY.
257
00:14:59,620 --> 00:15:01,655
NEXT, HE CARVES TUNA
258
00:15:01,655 --> 00:15:05,034
THAT'S BEEN FROZEN
WITHIN HOURS OF BEING CAUGHT.
259
00:15:05,034 --> 00:15:07,068
THIS LOCKS IN FRESHNESS
260
00:15:07,068 --> 00:15:10,034
SO THAT, WHEN THAWED,
IT'S SUITABLE FOR SUSHI.
261
00:15:10,034 --> 00:15:13,413
AND THE FREEZING ALSO KILLS
ANY PARASITES IN THE FISH.
262
00:15:17,448 --> 00:15:20,413
HE CHOPS SPRING ONIONS
INTO THIN RINGS.
263
00:15:20,413 --> 00:15:24,379
THEY'LL BE USED TO OFFSET THE
STRONG TASTE OF MACKEREL SUSHI.
264
00:15:26,034 --> 00:15:30,344
HE THEN MIXES WATER AND WASABI
POWDER TO CREATE WASABI PASTE --
265
00:15:30,344 --> 00:15:33,655
THE PUNGENT CONDIMENT
THAT ADDS KICK TO SUSHI.
266
00:15:33,655 --> 00:15:36,793
AND WITH
ALL THE INGREDIENTS PREPARED,
267
00:15:36,793 --> 00:15:39,620
IT'S TIME TO START ROLLING,
SO STAY TUNED.
268
00:15:50,482 --> 00:15:54,379
Narrator: ONCE A SIMPLE FOOD
SOLD BY JAPANESE STREET VENDORS,
269
00:15:54,379 --> 00:15:55,965
SUSHI HAS GONE UPTOWN.
270
00:15:55,965 --> 00:15:59,793
TODAY, SKILLED CHEFS PRODUCE
BITE-SIZED MORSELS
271
00:15:59,793 --> 00:16:01,551
WITH GASTRONOMIC ARTISTRY.
272
00:16:01,551 --> 00:16:04,482
A BLEND OF COLOR,
TEXTURE, AND TASTE,
273
00:16:04,482 --> 00:16:08,068
SUSHI APPEALS TO THE EYE
AS WELL AS THE PALATE.
274
00:16:11,931 --> 00:16:13,862
THE CHEF MOISTENS HIS HANDS
275
00:16:13,862 --> 00:16:17,000
TO KEEP THE RICE FROM ADHERING
TO THEM AS HE WORKS.
276
00:16:17,000 --> 00:16:18,448
HE DABS WASABI
277
00:16:18,448 --> 00:16:21,517
AND PLACES A BALL OF RICE
ON ONE OF THE TUNA SLICES.
278
00:16:21,517 --> 00:16:24,931
HE POKES A HOLE IN THE CENTER
OF THE BALL TO INTRODUCE AIR.
279
00:16:24,931 --> 00:16:27,137
THIS KEEPS THE RICE
FROM COMPACTING
280
00:16:27,137 --> 00:16:28,965
AS HE SHAPES THE FISH AROUND IT
281
00:16:28,965 --> 00:16:32,103
TO MAKE A TYPE OF SUSHI
CALLED NIGIRI SUSHI.
282
00:16:35,068 --> 00:16:38,586
TO FORM NIGIRI,
THE CHEF WORKS SWIFTLY
283
00:16:38,586 --> 00:16:41,310
TO MINIMIZE THE FISH'S EXPOSURE
TO HIS TOUCH.
284
00:16:41,310 --> 00:16:44,758
HUMAN BODY TEMPERATURE IS MUCH
HIGHER THAN ROOM TEMPERATURE,
285
00:16:44,758 --> 00:16:46,413
AND PROLONGED EXPOSURE TO IT
286
00:16:46,413 --> 00:16:51,068
WOULD COMPROMISE THE FRESH TASTE
OF THE SUSHI.
287
00:16:51,068 --> 00:16:54,034
A LITTLE PICKLED GINGER
TO CLEANSE THE PALATE,
288
00:16:54,034 --> 00:16:56,758
AND THIS SUSHI
IS READY TO SERVE.
289
00:16:58,310 --> 00:17:01,310
TO MAKE CUCUMBER ROLLS --
OR KAPPAMAKI --
290
00:17:01,310 --> 00:17:03,586
HE CARVES THE OUTER PART
OF THE CUCUMBER
291
00:17:03,586 --> 00:17:07,448
INTO A LONG, WIDE RIBBON,
STOPPING AT THE SOFT CORE.
292
00:17:07,448 --> 00:17:11,689
HE SLICES THE RIBBON IN TWO
AND LAYERS THE PIECES.
293
00:17:11,689 --> 00:17:15,344
HE THEN CHOPS THE CUCUMBER
INTO UNIFORMLY THIN STICKS.
294
00:17:15,344 --> 00:17:18,310
THIS EXPOSES
MORE OF THE VEGETABLE'S FIBER,
295
00:17:18,310 --> 00:17:21,068
TO MAXIMIZE THE TASTE.
296
00:17:21,068 --> 00:17:23,862
THIS IS ROASTED SEAWEED,
CALLED NORI.
297
00:17:23,862 --> 00:17:26,931
HE PLACES IT, SHINY SIDE DOWN,
ON A BAMBOO ROLLING MAT.
298
00:17:26,931 --> 00:17:29,413
HE LIGHTLY PRESSES RICE
INTO A BALL
299
00:17:29,413 --> 00:17:33,758
SO THE GRAINS STICK TOGETHER
AS HE TRANSFERS IT TO THE NORI.
300
00:17:36,862 --> 00:17:38,896
HE SPREADS THE RICE EVENLY,
301
00:17:38,896 --> 00:17:41,689
LEAVING A MARGIN OF NORI
AT THE TOP.
302
00:17:45,241 --> 00:17:48,310
AND NOW HE'S READY FOR THOSE
EXPERTLY SLICED CUCUMBER STICKS.
303
00:17:48,310 --> 00:17:52,413
HE GROUPS SEVERAL IN THE CENTER
OF THE BED OF RICE.
304
00:17:54,862 --> 00:17:57,517
THEN, GRIPPING THE MAT
ON ONE SIDE,
305
00:17:57,517 --> 00:18:00,379
HE FOLDS THE NORI
AROUND THE FILLINGS.
306
00:18:00,379 --> 00:18:02,413
AS HE SQUEEZES THE PACK,
307
00:18:02,413 --> 00:18:07,344
SOME RICE SPILLS INTO
THE MARGIN OF NORI AT THE TOP.
308
00:18:07,344 --> 00:18:10,379
BUT THERE'S STILL ENOUGH SPACE
TO CREATE AN OVERLAP
309
00:18:10,379 --> 00:18:13,379
AND SEAL THE ENDS OF THE NORI
AROUND THE FILLINGS.
310
00:18:13,379 --> 00:18:17,862
USING A WET CLOTH, HE TUCKS IN
THE OVERFLOW AT BOTH ENDS.
311
00:18:17,862 --> 00:18:19,620
HE SLICES THE ROLL IN HALF.
312
00:18:19,620 --> 00:18:21,034
HE ALIGNS THE HALVES
313
00:18:21,034 --> 00:18:23,965
AND SLICES THREE TIMES
TO CREATE SIX PIECES,
314
00:18:23,965 --> 00:18:26,689
EACH PIECE APPROXIMATELY
THE SAME HEIGHT,
315
00:18:26,689 --> 00:18:28,724
FOR AN ATTRACTIVE LINEUP.
316
00:18:33,034 --> 00:18:34,655
NEXT, HE MAKES URAMAKI,
317
00:18:34,655 --> 00:18:37,551
A KIND OF SUSHI
WITH RICE ON THE OUTSIDE,
318
00:18:37,551 --> 00:18:40,931
WHICH IS WHY THEY'RE ALSO CALLED
INSIDE-OUT ROLLS.
319
00:18:40,931 --> 00:18:43,517
HE SPREADS RICE EVENLY
OVER THE NORI
320
00:18:43,517 --> 00:18:46,137
AND FLIPS IT AROUND
TO THE SHINY SIDE.
321
00:18:46,137 --> 00:18:47,896
HE DIPS A FINGER IN WASABI
322
00:18:47,896 --> 00:18:51,586
AND SPREADS IT ON THE NORI
AT MIDPOINT.
323
00:18:51,586 --> 00:18:55,827
HE ARRANGES TUNA ON
THE WASABI-COATED SECTION.
324
00:18:55,827 --> 00:18:59,965
THE RAW RED FISH IS THEN PAIRED
WITH SLICES OF AVOCADO
325
00:18:59,965 --> 00:19:02,724
FOR A TANTALIZING CONTRAST.
326
00:19:04,413 --> 00:19:07,241
HE FOLDS THE RICE-COATED NORI
OVER THE FILLINGS
327
00:19:07,241 --> 00:19:08,793
AND TUCKS IT AROUND THEM.
328
00:19:08,793 --> 00:19:12,620
HE CONTINUES ROLLING
UNTIL HE REACHES THE EDGE.
329
00:19:14,379 --> 00:19:17,206
HE GARNISHES THE RICE
WITH TOASTED SESAME SEEDS
330
00:19:17,206 --> 00:19:21,413
FOR VISUAL INTEREST
AND TASTY CRUNCH.
331
00:19:21,413 --> 00:19:23,275
HE COVERS THE ROLL WITH PLASTIC
332
00:19:23,275 --> 00:19:26,103
TO PROTECT IT FROM THE GROOVES
OF THE SUSHI MAT
333
00:19:26,103 --> 00:19:28,586
AS HE SHAPES IT
INTO A TIGHTER PACK.
334
00:19:32,310 --> 00:19:34,000
HE THEN REMOVES THE MAT
335
00:19:34,000 --> 00:19:38,896
AND CARVES THE INSIDE-OUT ROLL
INTO BITE-SIZED PIECES.
336
00:19:39,965 --> 00:19:43,620
INSIDE-OUT SUSHI WAS INVENTED
IN THE 20th CENTURY
337
00:19:43,620 --> 00:19:47,827
TO APPEAL TO WESTERNERS WHO
PREFERRED NOT TO SEE THE NORI.
338
00:19:55,379 --> 00:19:58,551
THE FINAL THING ON THE MENU
IS THE HAND ROLL,
339
00:19:58,551 --> 00:20:01,413
ALSO KNOWN AS TEMAKI SUSHI.
340
00:20:01,413 --> 00:20:05,344
HE PRESSES SOFT RICE
INTO THE CRISPY NORI
341
00:20:05,344 --> 00:20:08,862
AND LAYERS THE NEXT INGREDIENTS
DIAGONALLY OVER THE RICE --
342
00:20:08,862 --> 00:20:13,586
WASABI, A JAPANESE HERB CALLED
SHISO, AND TWO PIECES OF TUNA.
343
00:20:17,551 --> 00:20:19,655
HE FOLDS THE NORI
AROUND THE FILLINGS
344
00:20:19,655 --> 00:20:24,379
TO CONTAIN THEM
IN A SEAWEED CONE.
345
00:20:24,379 --> 00:20:27,551
NOW ALL THAT'S LEFT
IS THE PRESENTATION,
346
00:20:27,551 --> 00:20:31,206
AND WHEN IT COMES TO SUSHI,
LESS IS MORE.
347
00:20:31,206 --> 00:20:35,827
OVERGARNISHING CAN DETRACT
FROM THE MAIN EVENT -- THE FISH.
348
00:20:35,827 --> 00:20:38,034
A SIMPLE, ARTFUL ARRANGEMENT
349
00:20:38,034 --> 00:20:40,862
PUTS THE FOCUS
ON ITS RAW APPEAL.
350
00:20:51,517 --> 00:20:54,000
IF YOU HAVE ANY COMMENTS
ABOUT THE SHOW,
351
00:20:54,000 --> 00:20:56,655
OR IF YOU'D LIKE TO SUGGEST
TOPICS FOR FUTURE SHOWS,
352
00:20:56,655 --> 00:20:59,034
DROP US A LINE AT...
28499
Can't find what you're looking for?
Get subtitles in any language from opensubtitles.com, and translate them here.