All language subtitles for How.Its.Made.S31E08.Educational.Robots.1080p.AMZN.WEB-DL.DDP2.0.H.264-SLAG_track4_[eng]

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Narrator:
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

IS AN AREA OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

FOCUSED ON CREATING
INTELLIGENT MACHINES

THAT WORK AND REACT TO HUMANS.

THE TERM "ROBOT"
FIRST APPEARED IN 1920.

IT COMES FROM
THE CZECH WORD "ROBOTA,"

MEANING "FORCED LABOR."

THIS FACILITY MAKES
A TYPE OF EDUCATIONAL ROBOT

EQUIPPED WITH A SERIES
OF INTERCONNECTED SERVOMOTORS.

THIS TYPE OF EQUIPMENT
ALLOWS THE ROBOT

TO MOVE WITH AN EXTRAORDINARY
DEGREE OF DEXTERITY.

CONSTRUCTION STARTS
FROM SCRATCH.

TINY BUSHINGS ARE CREATED
FROM A STEEL ROD

PLACED INSIDE THIS HIGH-TECH
AUTOMATED MACHINING DEVICE.

A TECHNICIAN MONITORS
THE OPERATION

AS THE MACHINE SHAPES THE PARTS
WITH DIGITIZED PRECISION

TO THE DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS.

THE HIGH-SPEED STEEL BITS

CARVE THE METAL
AT AN INCREDIBLE SPEED.

THIS MACHINE CAN
MANUFACTURE 1,309 PARTS

PER EVERY EIGHT-HOUR SHIFT.

THE PARTS FALL INTO
A VIBRATING MECHANISM

THAT FEEDS THEM INTO
THE NEXT PHASE OF PRODUCTION.

A SPECIALIZED DEVICE
CALLED A GEAR-HOBBING MACHINE

QUICKLY AND ACCURATELY CUTS
A SERIES OF COGS

TO CREATE TINY SPROCKET WHEELS.

A TECHNICIAN USES
STATE-OF-THE-ART
MEASURING DEVICES

TO GAUGE THE PROFILE,
TOOTH ALIGNMENT, AND PITCH

OF SAMPLE PARTS

TO ENSURE THEY ARE UP TO
STANDARDS SPECIFIED

IN THE MANUFACTURER'S
CONTROL PLAN.

ANOTHER OPERATOR MOUNTS
A GEAR PLATE ON A DEVICE,

FASTENING IT TO A SMALLER PART
CALLED THE SUN GEAR.

ONCE ALL THE REQUIRED PARTS
ARE TESTED AND PREPPED,

TECHNICIANS BEGIN
PUTTING THEM ALL TOGETHER

TO CREATE D.C. MOTORS.

SINCE THE ROBOTS
ARE SPECIALTY ITEMS

WITH SMALL
PRODUCTION QUANTITIES,

THIS FACILITY IS ABLE TO
ASSEMBLE EACH MOTOR BY HAND.

THE GEARS USED IN THE MOTORS
ARE MADE OF A VARIETY OF METALS

TO ACCOUNT FOR
DIFFERENT REQUIREMENTS

OF TORQUE AND LOADING FORCE
WITHIN THE DEVICE.

MOVING WITH SPEED AND PRECISION,

SPECIALISTS ARE ABLE
TO ASSEMBLE EACH MOTOR

IN LESS THAN 10 MINUTES.

NEXT, THE TINY CONTROL UNIT
IS INSTALLED.

THAT WILL ALLOW THE USER
TO MANIPULATE THE ROBOT.

THE TECHNICIAN
CAREFULLY ATTACHES

THE BOTTOM PORTION OF THE UNIT
INSIDE THE MOTOR CONTAINER

WITH A SMALL CORDLESS DRILL.

ONCE THE UNIT IS FIRMLY SECURED,

HE EXPERTLY POSITIONS
THE WIRE LEADS

TO PREPARE THEM
FOR THE NEXT STEP.

A TECHNICIAN QUICKLY
SOLDERS THE WIRES IN PLACE.

NOW THAT THE INSTALLATION OF
THE CONTROL PANEL IS COMPLETE,

A TECHNICIAN FINALIZES
THE D.C. MOTOR ASSEMBLY

BY ATTACHING THE COVER

AND SECURING IT DOWN
WITH FOUR SCREWS

USING A CORDLESS DRILL.

NEXT, THE INDIVIDUAL MOTORS

ARE INSTALLED INTO
THE FRAMEWORK OF THE ROBOT.

ONE MOTOR BECOMES
THE ROBOT'S HEAD,

WHILE THE REMAINING MOTORS
ARE ATTACHED TO HINGED JOINTS

THAT CORRESPOND
TO A MAJOR BODY PART.

THEN THE ROBOT'S WIRING
IS PLUGGED IN,

ENSURING THE MOTORS
ARE CONNECTED TO EACH OTHER.

THEY NOW FORM PARTS
OF AN INTEGRATED DEVICE

WHICH CAN ACT TOGETHER.

TECHNICIANS USE A 3-D PRINTER

TO CREATE A SUIT OF ARMOR
FOR THE ROBOT,

WHICH THEY MOUNT ON ITS EXTERIOR
TO GIVE IT A MORE FINISHED LOOK.

A SPECIALIST PLUGS THE ROBOTS
INTO A COMPUTER

AND PROGRAMS
THEIR DIFFERENT MOVEMENTS.

THE ROBOT TECH COMMUNICATES
WITH THE ROBOT'S CONTROL PANEL

TO MAKE IT DO REMARKABLE THINGS.

BUT FIRST, AN OLD-FASHIONED
ROCK 'EM SOCK 'EM

BEFORE THEY TAKE OVER THE WORLD.

Narrator: WHEN PROFESSIONAL
BOXERS WIN A TITLE,

THEY'RE CROWNED THE CHAMP

AND REWARDED WITH A BELT
TO BE WORN AROUND THE WAIST.

EACH INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION
COMMISSIONS A BELT

THAT'S CUSTOM-DESIGNED
TO ITS SPECIFICATIONS

AND PROMINENTLY FEATURES
THE ORGANIZATION'S LOGO

IN THE BELT'S CENTRAL MEDALLION.

THESE BOXING CHAMPIONSHIP BELTS
ARE ENTIRELY HANDCRAFTED.

THE LATERALS, THE SIDE PIECES
FLANKING THE ORNATE CENTERPLATE,

ARE SOMETIMES ENGRAVED
WITH A FIGHTER'S PORTRAIT.

WHEN A BOXING ASSOCIATION
COMMISSIONS A NEW DESIGN,

THE COMPANY'S ARTISANS PREPARE
A SKETCH FOR EACH PIECE.

FOLLOWING THE SKETCH,
THEY SCULPT A CLAY MODEL.

FROM THAT,
THEY CAST A PLASTER MODEL,

THEN A METAL MODEL,

REFINING THE SCULPTURE
AT EACH STEP.

ARTISANS USE
THE FINAL METAL MODEL

TO PRODUCE A RUBBER MOLD,

WHICH IS USED TO CAST THE PIECE
IN WHITE METAL.

THE EXTRACTED CASTINGS
ARE QUITE ROUGH,

SO THE WORKSHOP'S CRAFTSMEN

USE FILES, CHISELS,
AND AUTOMATED TOOLS

TO REFINE THE SHAPE.

SOME OF THE DEVICES
AND TECHNIQUES

ARE ROUTINELY USED BY JEWELERS,

WHILE OTHERS WERE DESIGNED
SPECIFICALLY FOR THIS PURPOSE.

ONCE THE INTRICATE DETAILS
ARE COMPLETED,

THE TEAM FILES DOWN ROUGH SPOTS
ALONG THE PERIMETER.

THE BELTS FEATURE

A THREE-DIMENSIONAL SCULPTURE
OF AN EAGLE

FUSED TO THE CENTERPLATE.

AN ARTISAN HEATS THE WINGS
WITH AN OPEN FLAME

TO MAKE THEM PLIABLE.

THEN HE BENDS THEM TO RENDER
THE EAGLE MORE LIFELIKE.

EVERY PIECE MUST BE
METICULOUSLY HAND-POLISHED

ON A BUFFING WHEEL.

THIS PREPARES THE METAL TO BE
PLATED WITH GOLD OR RHODIUM.

THE PIECE IS ELECTROPLATED
WITH COPPER,

THEN NICKEL, THEN 18-KARAT GOLD.

THE NICKEL CARRIES THE SHINE
THROUGH TO THE SURFACE.

AFTER A THOROUGH BUFFING
ON THE SURFACE,

THE PIECES ARE EMBELLISHED WITH
CRYSTALS INTO MOLDED CAVITIES.

SOMETIMES
THE CHAMPIONSHIP WINNER

MAY ORDER PRECIOUS STONES
SUCH AS DIAMONDS AND RUBIES

TO REPLACE THE CRYSTALS,
DEPENDING ON THEIR PREFERENCE.

A TEAM OF ENAMELERS
PAINTS THE FINISHED PIECES

WITH JEWELRY-GRADE ENAMEL.

THIS REQUIRES A STEADY HAND
AND CLOSE ATTENTION TO DETAIL.

ONCE THE PIECE IS PAINTED,

IT'S PUT INTO AN OVEN
TO BAKE THE ENAMEL.

THE BELT STRAP IS MADE
OF HIGH-GRADE BONDED LEATHER.

A CRAFTSMAN TRACES
A BELT TEMPLATE IN THE LEATHER,

THEN CUTS IT OUT WITH A KNIFE.

THEN THEY ADHERE THE STRAP
TO LEATHER OR HIGH-GRADE VINYL.

THE DESIGNER SEWS
THE STRAP'S LINING SEPARATELY,

STITCHING BLACK SPANDEX
OVER A FAUX-FUR BACKING

AND ATTACHING
THE AUTHENTICITY LABEL

WHICH BEARS
THE BELT'S SERIAL NUMBER.

THIS DISTINGUISHES IT
FROM CHEAPLY MADE COPIES.

THE CRAFTSMAN ATTACHES
LEATHER/HIGH-GRADE VINYL PIPING

TO THE STRAP PERIMETER.

HE PLACES A BRAND STICKER
ON THE BACK

NEXT TO AN INSCRIBED TRIBUTE

TO THE ORIGINATOR
OF THE MODERN BOXING BELT.

THEY ADHERE THE LINING.

THEN, AFTER SMOOTHING OUT
THE LAYERS OF THE BELT

WITH A HAMMER,

THE DESIGNER STITCHES
THE LINING TO THE STRAP.

SOME BELTS HAVE BUCKLES,
OTHERS HOOK-AND-LOOP FASTENERS,

WHICH ARE STITCHED TO THE STRAP
AT THE SAME TIME AS THE LINING.

ONCE THE BELT IS FINISHED,

THE CENTERPLATE AND LATERALS
ARE ATTACHED.

IT'S ESSENTIAL TO WEAR GLOVES
WHILE DOING THIS

TO PROTECT THE PRISTINE SURFACE.

THE FINAL STEP IS TO PLACE
AN ENGRAVABLE BRASS PLATE

INTO EACH LATERAL.

THEN THE CHAMPIONSHIP BELT
IS DELIVERED

IN A HAND-CRAFTED
PROTECTIVE CASE

FOR A KNOCKOUT PRESENTATION.

Narrator:
RADAR HELPS SAILORS NAVIGATE

THROUGH INCLEMENT WEATHER
WHILE ON THE WATER,

ENSURING THEY AREN'T
OPERATING BLIND.

THESE SPECIALIZED
PEDESTAL MOUNTS

ELEVATE THE RADAR SYSTEMS,

WHICH MAXIMIZE
THE ANTENNA'S RANGE.

THE MOUNTS ALSO PROVIDE
EQUIPMENT STABILITY

WHILE TRAVELING OVER
ROUGH WATERS.

BOAT-RADAR MOUNTS ARE ONE
OF THE MOST CRITICAL PIECES

OF NAVIGATION EQUIPMENT
TO HAVE ON DECK.

RADAR-MOUNT CONSTRUCTION

BEGINS WITH
A COMPUTER-GENERATED DRAWING

THAT SPECIFIES THE HEIGHT
AND ANGLE OF THE TOWER.

THE PARTS ARE MADE FROM
EXTRUDED MARINE-GRADE ALUMINUM.

A MACHINIST CLAMPS
THE FIRST TOP PLATE IN A JIG

AND SETS THE TOWER UPSIDE DOWN
ON THE TOP PLATE.

THE JIG HOLDS
THE TOWER IN POSITION

AS HE TACK-WELDS
THE ASSEMBLY IN PLACE.

AFTER CLAMPING SIDE GUSSETS
TO THE TOWER,

THE TECHNICIAN TURNS IT
RIGHT-SIDE UP

AND INSERTS THE BOTTOM TABS
IN A BASEPLATE

TO POSITION IT FOR ASSEMBLY.

USING AN ANGLE RULER,

HE CONFIRMS THAT THE TOWER
STANDS AT 90 DEGREES.

THEN HE WELDS
THE RADAR-EQUIPMENT TOWER

TO THE BASE.

HE SETS THE TOWER ON ITS SIDE

TO MEASURE LOCATIONS
FOR TACK WELDS,

MARKING EACH WITH A PEN.

NEXT, HE MAKES LARGER
STITCH WELDS INTERMITTENTLY.

THIS WILL SECURE THE GUSSETS
TO THE TOWER.

THE MACHINIST INSTALLS
A GUSSET ARM OR BRACKET

IN THE MIDDLE
OF THE RADAR TOWER.

USING A METAL PUCK AS A GUIDE,

HE CENTERS ANOTHER TOP PLATE
ON THE GUSSET ARM.

HE CLAMPS IT
AND MEASURES ITS PLACEMENT

TO VERIFY THAT
IT'S PROPERLY CENTERED,

AND WELDS IT TO THE ARM.

HE REMOVES THE PUCK

AND INSTALLS ANOTHER
MOUNTING ARM AT THE BASE.

A COMPUTERIZED DRILL
CUTS BOLT HOLES

IN A RADAR-MOUNTING PLATE.

RADAR-BOLTING PATTERNS VARY,
SO IT CONFIGURES THEM

TO MATCH UP WITH
A SPECIFIC RADAR SYSTEM.

ONCE THE BOLT HOLES ARE PLACED,

THE DRILL CARVES AROUND
THE BORDER OF THE PLATE,

RESHAPING IT
FROM SQUARE TO ROUND.

THE CIRCULAR PROFILE
WILL MATCH THE BASE

OF THE SATELLITE-RADAR SYSTEM.

IN A PROCESS KNOWN
AS COUNTERSINKING,

HE BEVELS THE RIMS
OF THE BOLT HOLES

TO A GRADUATED PROFILE.

THIS METHOD WILL PROVIDE
A STRONGER CONNECTION

BETWEEN THE MOUNTING PLATFORM
AND THE RADAR SYSTEM.

WITH A SPECIAL DEBURRING TOOL,

THE TECHNICIAN REMOVES

SHARP EDGES LEFT BY
THE COUNTERSINKING PROCESS.

HE SMOOTHS THE OUTER EDGES
OF THE MOUNTING PLATE

USING A HAND SANDER.

THE MOUNTING PLATE
IS PLACED IN A TUB

OF VIBRATING CERAMIC STONES
MIXED WITH WATER.

THE FRICTION REMOVES
ANY LINGERING IMPERFECTIONS

AND SHARP EDGES.

ANOTHER TECHNICIAN
CUTS ALUMINUM WINGS

FOR AN ACCESSORY EXTENSION.

THE EXTENSION COULD HOLD
A NUMBER OF ACCESSORIES,

INCLUDING A RADIO, GPS ANTENNA,
OR DECK LIGHTS.

THE PARTS ARE HOLLOW
IN ORDER TO HOUSE WIRING.

THE WINGS WILL BE ASSEMBLED
TO A CENTER TRUNK.

BUT FIRST, THEY CAP ONE END
OF EACH WING.

THIS WING WILL CONTAIN WIRING

SNAKED THROUGH FROM HOLES
IN THE SIDES OF THE TRUNK.

THE TECHNICIAN WELDS A WING
TO EACH SIDE OF THE TRUNK.

THIS STEP COMPLETES THE
ACCESSORY-EXTENSION STRUCTURE.

NEXT, IT'S TIME TO BUILD AN ARM
FOR A NAVIGATION LIGHT.

A HYDRAULIC PRESS BENDS THE ARM
TO THE DESIRED CURVATURE.

A MEASURING TOOL INDICATES
THE ANGLE OF THE BEND.

THE TECHNICIAN DRILLS A HOLE FOR
THE INSTALLATION OF THE LIGHT.

AFTER A POWDER-COAT FINISH HAS
BEEN APPLIED TO ALL THE PARTS,

THE MOUNT IS READY
FOR ASSEMBLY ON THE BOAT.

BY USING CRITICAL
NAVIGATIONAL EQUIPMENT,

THIS BOAT-RADAR MOUNT
WILL ENSURE

THAT ANY BOATER WILL BE ABLE
TO FIND THEIR BEARINGS.

Narrator: EUROPEAN RADIATORS
EXUDE BOTH WARMTH AND STYLE.

THE HEATING-TUBE TECHNOLOGY

CAN BE MODIFIED FOR ELECTRIC
OR HOT-WATER HEATING SYSTEMS

AND CAN BE MADE
IN A RANGE OF DESIGNS.

THESE RADIATORS CAN
BLEND INTO A BACKGROUND

OR STAND OUT TO MAKE A STATEMENT
ON THE WALL.

THIS EUROPEAN-STYLE RADIATOR
IS TYPICALLY MOUNTED TO A WALL

SO IT DOESN'T
TAKE UP FLOOR SPACE,

ALLOWING MORE ROOM
FOR FURNITURE AND PEOPLE.

MAKING PANEL RADIATORS
STARTS WITH STEEL FLAT TUBES.

USING A CIRCULAR SAW,

THE MACHINE CUTS
A STACK OF THE TUBES TO LENGTH.

THESE FLAT TUBES
WILL BE HELD TOGETHER

BY STRUTS KNOWN AS HEADERS.

AN AUTOMATED DRILL PUNCHES HOLES
FOR BUSHINGS INTO THE ENDS.

AT THE NEXT STATION,

A MACHINE INSERTS BUSHINGS
INTO THE HOLES

AND WELDS THEM TOGETHER.

ANOTHER WELDING DEVICE

SEALS THE ENDS
OF THE FLAT HEATING TUBES.

THE TUBES ARE STACKED.

MEANWHILE, TECHNICIANS
PREPARE THE HEADERS,

WHICH ARE MADE
OF SQUARE STEEL TUBES.

AN AUTOMATED MACHINE PUNCHES
HOLES IN THE HEADERS.

THESE HOLES WILL ALLOW HOT WATER
TO FLOW THROUGHOUT THE RADIATOR.

A CIRCULAR SAW CUTS THE HEADER
TO ITS SPECIFIED LENGTH.

MOST RADIATORS ARE CUSTOM-MADE,

AND SIZES ARE DETERMINED

BY THE HEATING REQUIREMENTS
OF THE SPACE.

THE HEADERS ARE EQUIPPED
WITH ENDCAPS AND FITTINGS

TO SUPPLY WATER AND VENT AIR.

A TECHNICIAN INSERTS THE CAPS
INTO THE ENDS OF THE HEADER TUBE

AND HAMMERS THEM DOWN.

HE CLAMPS SEVERAL
OF THE CAPPED HEADERS

IN A FIXTURE.

THE FIXTURE
HOLDS THEM IN POSITION

AS AN AUTOMATED WELDER JOINS
THE CAPS TO THE HEADERS.

HERE IS THE HEADER TUBING

BEFORE AND AFTER
THE HOLES WERE PUNCHED

AND THE ENDCAPS WERE WELDED.

WITH THE HEADER CLAMPED
INTO ANOTHER FIXTURE,

A DRILL CARVES A THREADED
CONNECTOR INTO THE SIDE.

THIS CONNECTOR WILL BE USED
TO PLUMB THE RADIATOR

TO THE HOT-WATER SYSTEM.

IT'S NOW TIME TO BUILD
THE GRID OF HEATING TUBES.

FIRST, A MACHINE MOVES
THE HEADER INTO POSITION.

AN AUTOMATED ARM SLIDES
THE FLAT HEATING TUBE

INTO PLACE ON THE HEADER,

AND A WELDING DEVICE
JOINS THEM TOGETHER.

THE AUTOMATED WELDER

INSTALLS FLAT TUBES
ON EACH SIDE OF THE HEADERS

AND APPLIES THE COMPANY LOGO.

STRIPS OF STEEL WILL BE USED

TO MAKE FINS
THAT DIRECT HEAT UPWARD.

A MACHINE PUNCHES A SERIES
OF NOTCHES IN THE STEEL

TO MOUNT THE FINS TO THE BACK
OF THE RADIATOR.

A HYDRAULIC PRESS BENDS
THE NOTCHED STEEL,

CREATING
AN ACCORDION-LIKE PROFILE.

THESE RIDGES CREATE POCKETS

THAT WILL CAPTURE HOT AIR
AND ALLOW IT TO RISE.

THE FINS COIL UP
AT THE END OF THE LINE

FOR EASY TRANSFER
TO THE NEXT STATION.

AT THIS POINT,
ALL THE FLAT TUBES

HAVE BEEN FULLY ASSEMBLED
TO THE HEADERS.

AN OPERATOR PLACES THE FINS,

WHICH HAVE BEEN CUT
TO A SPECIFIED LENGTH,

ON THE BACK
OF THE FLAT-TUBE GRID.

A MACHINE WELDS THE FINS
TO THE HEATING TUBES

BETWEEN THE FOLDS.

THIS STEP PRODUCES
A HEATING PANEL

THAT WILL RADIATE HEAT
UP AND OUT.

ANOTHER TEAM MEMBER
INSTALLS METAL TRIM

ON THE TOP OF THE RADIATOR.

HE PLACES MOUNTS
ON THE BACK CORNERS

AND WELDS THEM TOGETHER.

THESE MOUNTS WILL HOUSE
THREADED BOLTS,

WHICH WILL BE USED TO LEVEL
THE RADIATOR TO THE WALL.

THE RADIATOR IS NOW
FULLY ASSEMBLED.

THE RADIATOR UNDERGOES
A QUALITY-CONTROL TEST.

TECHNICIANS PUMP IN AIR
AND SUBMERGE IT IN WATER.

IF BUBBLES APPEAR,
IT INDICATES A LEAK.

IF NOT, THE RADIATOR IS REMOVED
FROM THE WATER.

ELECTROSTATICALLY CHARGED
EPOXY PARTICLES

ARE SPRAYED ONTO THE DEVICE,

WHICH PROVIDE
A PROTECTIVE LAYER.

THIS EUROPEAN-STYLE RADIATOR
IS NOW READY

TO RELEASE SOME MAJOR HEAT.