All language subtitles for Cold War - S01E01 - Comrades (1917-1945) (480p x265 EDGE2020).eng

Five, four,

three, two,
one,

zero!

[ explosion ]

NARRATOR:
A cloud hides the sky --

a nuclear shadow falls
across the human future.

Midway through
the 20th century,

two superpowers prepared
for a conflict

which might have
ended life on the planet.

Spring flowers...

the warm light of day...

the pleasures of life.

But under this American hotel
was a hidden gate.

It led into
an underworld.

[door slams, water splashes]

This was the shelter

for members of
the United States Congress

in the event of
nuclear war.

Down here, the politicians
would represent

the dead and the dying
in the world overhead.

For a handful
of human beings,

there was all they needed

to wait out
the nuclear winter.

But nerves might snap,

then order would be
kept by force.

The lost world above
the shelter

would become
only a memory --

a myth.

The living would come
to envy the dead.

D ♪

BRANAGH:
Berlin 1945.

Soviet troops had stormed
the capital of Hitler's Reich.

American, British,
and French soldiers

soon joined them
in the ruins.

Churchill, Stalin, and Truman
were the official victors

of the Second World War.

But a special triumph
was Stalin's.

Russian power had pushed forward
into the center of Europe.

At Potsdam outside Berlin,

the Big Three met
to settle the post-war order.

Winston Churchill
represented a Britain

exhausted by war.

While Joseph Stalin,

supreme ruler
of the Soviet Union,

faced Harry S Truman,

33rd President
of the United States.

It was three months
after the death

of President
Franklin Roosevelt

that Harry Truman,
once a Missouri haberdasher,

set off for Potsdam.

It was his first
overseas conference

as Head of State.

MAN: President Truman was
unprepared for the Presidency

in the sense of being fully
briefed and up to the minute

on all that was going on.

But as a Senator
for the past ten years,

as Chairman of one
of the most important

Congressional
Committees of the war,

he was well aware
of the major problems

that a President had to face.

[ Man speaking Russian ]

INTERPRETER: Stalin
was late for the conference.

He had a sort of
heart attack.

Anyhow, he came
one day later.

He visited
Churchill and Truman...

and immediately apologized
for being late.

BRANAGH: The Soviet
Union was devastated by war,

but Stalin remained
a formidable figure.

MAN:
I went up to him and I said,

"Marshall, this must be
a great satisfaction to you

after all the trials
that you've been through

and the tragedy
that you've been through

to be here in Berlin."

He looked at me and said,
"Tsar Alexander got to Paris!"

BRANAGH: Did Stalin want
to push on to the Atlantic?

Lenin,
his predecessor,

once hoped the Russian
revolution would lead on

to Communist
world revolution.

It was then,
after the first World War,

in a clash of ideologies,

communist and capitalist,

that the Cold War
had its origins.

In 1919, President
Woodrow Wilson took ship

to the European
Peace Conference

with his gospel
for a better world --

safe for small nations,
sound for business.

But his peace settlement
excluded Bolshevik Russia.

Many nations, including
the United States and Britain,

sent troops to fight
the Russian Revolution.

Churchill, fresh from victory
over Germany, urged,

"Kill the Bolshie!
Kiss the Hun!"

The intervention left
Lenin and Stalin convinced

that the West would
seize any chance,

embrace any ally,
in order to destroy Communism.

[speaking Russian ]

INTERPRETER:
I joined the Civil War

as a so-called
"son of the regiment."

We were young boys.

We knew we were fighting
for the people --

the poor people.

BRANAGH: There was
widespread support for the Red Army.

The foreign troops soon
withdrew.

The Bolshevik Reds
defeated the Whites,

their
Russian enemies.

[speaking Russian ]

INTERPRETER:
The White Guards who had left Russia

were encircling us.

There was starvation.

It was a time
when sausages

were made
from human flesh.

BRANAGH: in Russia,
famine followed Civil War.

The victorious Bolsheviks turned
away from the outside world

to build up
the economy at home.

America also turned inwards.

People wanted the good life,

and more no foreign
entanglements.

Then, in 1929,
Wall Street crashed.

The Great Depression began.

Suddenly, across the richest
nation on earth,

millions faced destitution.

American politics
shifted to the Left.

ROOSEVELT:
I, Franklin Delano Roosevelt,

do solemnly swear
that I will faithfully execute

the office of President
of the United States,

and will,
to the best of my ability,

preserve, protect and defend

the constitution
of the United States.

So help me God.

BRANAGH: Roosevelt promised
a New Deal for Americans.

He would manage capitalism
for the public good.

And in a change of policy,

he recognized
the Soviet Union.

One has to remember
that we had been,

I think,
for 16 years

without any
representation in Russia

no no relations
between the two governments --

and FDR was the one
who decided

to try to break
that log-jam.

[whistle blows]

BRANAGH: Stalin's
industrial drive soon attracted

American experts.

Some brought their families.

I“ [woman singing in Russian] I“

While Soviet muscles
strained

to raise dams
and blast furnaces,

American corporations supplied
skilled engineers on contract.

Communist ideology
didn't worry them.

Unlike the Russians,
they were free to go

when the job was over.

Stalin was master
of the economic plan --

a tyrant who tolerated
no failure

and no criticism.

Privately owned fields became
collectivized prairies.

The cost of collectivization

was the murder of millions
of peasants

and renewed famine.

The truth was kept secret.

[speaking Russian ]

INTERPRETER: People didn't
really know all about the bad things.

All the achievements were put
down to his initiatives.

Those who knew otherwise
would shut up.

They knew
if they said anything,

they would
be imprisoned and shot.

It was a regime of terror.

BRANAGH: This was
socialism in one country.

Heavy industry's output
doubled in 10 years.

Stalin felt

that in order
to get public support

for the things
he was doing,

which were
very harsh policies,

he had to convince
a great many of the people,

the common people
and the Party members,

that Russia was confronted
with a conspiracy

on the part of the major
capitalist powers

to undermine
the Soviet government

by espionage.

BRANAGH: Lenin's old comrades
confessed to imaginary crimes.

KENNAN:
I could see them there,

with their pale faces,

their twitching lips,

their evasive eyes.

These were the faces of men
who had been,

if not tortured,

then terrified in many ways

and often by threats

to take it out
on their families

if they didn't confess.

BRANAGH: The Moscow trials
tore away some foreign illusions.

Stalin's Soviet Union
was revealed as a police state,

not a workers' paradise.

But even in America,
thousands stayed loyal

to the Communist dream.

In the 1930s, Moscow called for
a Popular Front of the Left

against Hitler and Fascism.

NARRATOR: Within the
shadow of the giant skyscrapers,

the red cohorts of communism

gather at historic
Madison Square.

P [ band plays 1 I“

BRANAGH:
Fighting the spread of Fascism

became the great cause

for socialist
and communist alike.

Doubts about Stalin
were repressed.

In Spain, volunteers
from all over the world

rallied to oppose
the Fascist rebellion

launched by Franco.

[engine roars]

Franco was armed
by Mussolini and Hitler.

I“ [troops singing] I'

In Germany,
the Nazis were rearming.

Hitler did not hide his
ambitions to dominate Europe,

and then the world.

[thunderous cheers]

BRANAGH: Roosevelt wanted
to keep out of any European War.

Despite what happens

in continents overseas,

the United States of America
shall and must remain,

as long ago
the father of our country

prayed that it might remain,

unentangled and free!

BRANAGH: Britain's Prime
Minister, Neville Chamberlain,

trusted that Hitler would
listen to reason.

When I was a little boy,
I used to repeat,

"If at first
you don't succeed,

try, try, try again."

BRANAGH:
In September 1938,

Chamberlain flew to Munich.

War seemed close,

as Germany prepared to invade
Czechoslovakia.

But Chamberlain went determined
to appease Hitler.

At Munich, Britain, France and
Italy licensed Hitler

to seize
the Czech Sudetenland,

with its
German minority.

Czechoslovakias allies
had abandoned her.

In Moscow,

Stalin drew lessons
from Munich.

The western democracies,
he concluded,

would never stand up
to Hitler.

Stalin planned a desperate
stroke of diplomacy.

The fascist and Communist
arch-enemies

were about to embrace.

Hitler flew his Foreign Minister
Ribbentrop to Moscow.

The Nazi-Soviet Pact
was signed

by Soviet Foreign Minister
Molotov.

The West was appalled.

[speaking Russian ]

INTERPRETER:
After the pact was signed,

I heard this
from Stalin's lips --

he was often at our home.

He said,
"We need to win time,

at least two years' time.

Only then
will the Soviet Union

be able to defend itself
against Germany."

BRANAGH:
September 1939,

Hitler invaded Poland.

Britain and France declared war
on the aggressor --

too late to save Poland.

Defeated, Poland was
wiped off the map.

Germany and Russia
had conspired against her.

In Eastern Poland,
the communist occupiers

were supervised
by Nikita Khrushchev.

They were taking over provinces
once ruled by the Tears.

The Nazi-Soviet Pact
left Stalin free

to grab Lithuania,
Latvia, and Estonia.

The Baltic States were back
under Russian domination.

Stalin had already
outraged the world

by invading Finland.

D ♪

ROOSEVELT: The Soviet
Union is run by a dictatorship.

A dictatorship as absolute

as any other dictatorship
in the world.

It has allied itself
with another dictatorship

and it has invaded a neighbor
so infinitesimally small

that it could do
no conceivable possible harm

to the Soviet Union.

[fire crackling]

BRANAGH:
In 1940, Hitler struck West.

By mid-1941,
France, Belgium,

Holland, Norway,
Denmark,

Yugoslavia and Greece

had been added
to his conquests.

Churchill's Britain
held out alone.

On June the 22,1941,

Adolf Hitler invaded
the Soviet Union.

It was a day
that changed history.

Hitler meant to win a vast
colony for Germany.

Instead, his act would
bring Russian power

into the heart of Europe,
only 4 years later.

[explosions]

The future outlines
of the Cold War began to form

as the Nazi tanks
surged forward.

The Red Army fell back
in retreat.

[speaking Russian ]

KOZINCHENKO: My mother
said, "Go with the soldiers."

The soldiers were retreating --
injured, covered in blood.

I only had my overcoat
and my shoes -- that's all.

BRANAGH:
Soviet citizens rallied.

Abroad, the Soviet Union won
unexpected friends.

Churchill,
in spite of his past,

anti-Soviet feelings,

at once welcomed Stalin's
Russia as an ally.

He did say to his friends,
of course,

that he'd have
welcomed the devil

if the devil had turned up in
order to help him defeat Hitler.

ROOSEVELT:
The United States of America

was suddenly
and deliberately attacked

by naval and air forces

of the Empire of Japan.

No matter how long
it may take us

to overcome
this premeditated invasion,

the American people
in their righteous might,

will win through
to absolute victory.

[cheers and applause]

BRANAGH:
America declared war on Japan.

Days later, with the Wehrmacht
at the gates of Moscow,

Hitler rashly declared war
on the United States,

making Russians
and Americans allies.

The German thrust at Moscow
was blocked.

Stalin broadcast
to the nation.

[ Applause ]

BRANAGH:
Stalin already looked beyond victory.

He told the British that
post-war Soviet boundaries

must include the Baltic States
and part of Poland.

ROBERTS: When I went to Moscow
with Anthony Eden in December 1941,

when the Germans
were still

only 19 kilometers away
from us as we talked,

the very first thing that
Stalin said at that meeting was,

"Mr. Eden, I want
to have your assurance

that at the end of the war,
you will support my just claim

to all these areas you see."

And Eden was
absolutely taken aback.

He said, "But oughtrft we
to be thinking

about how we win the war?"

"No, no", said Stalin, "I would
like to have this clear

at the very beginning."

So Eden obviously had to say,

but he had no authority
to discuss

how the war was to end.

BRANAGH:
American aid to Russia

concentrated
on guns and trucks,

but Stalin and his people
cried out for more --

a second front --

an Allied landing in
Western Europe,

to relieve Soviet suffering.

[ Man speaking Russian ]

INTERPRETER:
I saw the atrocities.

I heard the noises of war.

Although
it's 50 years ago,

I can still
hear the noises of war --

the shells, the bombing,

people screaming,
women crying.

[explosions and gunfire]

BRANAGH:
For 6 months, battle raged at Stalingrad.

Hitler sent
half a million men.

The Germans were trapped and
forced to surrender.

The tide of war was turning.

[ Applause ]

Western opinion cheered
on the Red Army,

their comrades in arms.

The Russians have thus far
lost in the common cause

at least 50% more men --

killed, wounded,
and missing --

than all the rest of the
European allies put together.

And moreover, they have killed,
wounded and captured

at least 20 times
as many Germans

as the rest of the Allies.

[ Applause ]

BRANAGH: The Nazis sought
ways to split the alliance against them.

At Katyn in Western Russia,

they dug up the corpses

of more than 4000
Polish officers.

Germany announced -
truthfully, as it turned out-

that the officers
had been murdered

by Soviet security troops
in 1940.

Britain and America
chose to ignore

this evidence of Stalin's
methods.

[aircraft engine]

In 1943, with their alliance
still intact,

the Big Three prepared to meet
at Tehran, in Persia.

ZARUBINA:
I was summoned to Tehran

to help them prepare
for the conference.

Mr. Roosevelt is
supposed to arrive.

We had a code name for it.

And so I called
the airfield,

and sure enough I spoke to
Admiral Leahy.

I said,
"Are you coming?"

And he said,
"No, we're not coming.

We're going
to the American Mission."

And when I said that
to Molotov,

I thought he'd just
fry me alive.

He said, "What?!"

And he'd get --
all the four letter words

I'd never heard in my life
were spilled over me.

He said, "Who the hell are you
here anyway?

Who
How did you get in here?

What do you know?"

What am I going to say
to Stalin?

BRANAGH: Stalin persuaded
Roosevelt that his safety was best assured

by residence
at the Soviet Embassy.

The Embassy had been specially
prepared for his visit --

it was bugged.

[ Beria speaking Russian ]

INTERPRETER: Stalin told me that
the task he was putting to our group,

and particularly to me,

was ethically
very unattractive.

However, the position
of the USSR was so serious

that he had to know what our
allies were thinking.

Stalin was very skillful

in dealing with Roosevelt and Churchill.

Even Churchill began to quite like him,

you know,
and talk about Uncle Joe,

you see, which was quite
an affectionate term.

And...

and they both had this idea that
if you treated him

the right way, you see

The phrase was
"If you treat Uncle Joe

like a member of our club,

perhaps one day he will behave
like a member of our club."

[ Beria speaking Russian ]

INTERPRETER: Every
day at 8:00 in the morning,

I had to go to Stalin.

I went
with all the transcripts,

in Russian and in English.

For about an hour,

Stalin examined in
great detail

all of Roosevelt's
conversations.

I don't think FDR
was capable of conceiving

of a man of such
profound iniquity,

coupled with enormous
strategic cleverness,

as Stalin.

He had never met such
a creature.

Stalin was
an excellent actor --

quiet, affable,
reasonable.

He sent them
all away thinking

this really
is a great leader.

BRANAGH: The allies agreed
that post-war Eastern Europe

would be a Soviet zone
of influence.

Stalin
would annex Eastern Poland.

As compensation,
the Poles would get

a slice
of Eastern Germany.

Poland was offered
no choice.

Together, the Big Three mapped
out the future.

D-Day --
the 6th of June, 1944.

The biggest sea borne invasion
in history

lands in France.

This was the second front
Stalin longed for.

On the eastern front,

Russian armies continued
to advance.

NARRATOR: The Nazi
road back out of Russia.

Every rail line blown up
as they flee.

Of course Nazi propaganda
now stresses

the masterful retreat.

The Soviet flag unfurled
in triumph

over Sam ha,
Temopw Odessa'

as the Russian tide
of victory

rolls westwards
towards Germany.

BRANAGH: As the Red
Army approached Warsaw,

the Polish Resistance
seized the city

from the Germans.

The Poles hoped
to liberate themselves,

and confront Stalin
with an independent Poland.

ROBERTS:
The Polish Home Army rose,

to take over Warsaw
when the Germans left

and before the Russians
arrived --

and the Russians had encouraged
them to do this.

And then the Russian Army
stopped on the Vistula.

BRANAGH: Stalin claimed
that his armies needed

to pause outside Warsaw
and re-group.

The Germans
counter-attacked.

[gunfire]

The Polish Freedom fighters were
abandoned by the Russians,

who were sitting with their
forces across the river,

and could easily have gone in
to help them.

I thought for various reasons
that that was the point

at which American policy
should have changed.

BRANAGH: The Poles held
out alone against the Germans

for 63 days.

When the Rising collapsed
in slaughter

and Warsaw was destroyed,

Poland blamed
the Soviet Union.

Then with Poland
under Soviet occupation,

Churchill and Stalin got down to
power broking in Moscow.

One night, Churchill
scribbled down a formula

for carving up Europe --

Romania -
Soviet influence 90%.

Greece - 90% British
and American.

Yugoslavia and Hungary -
50/50.

Bulgaria -
75% Russian.

Stalin ticked his agreement.

Churchill wondered if the note
should be destroyed.

Stalin told him,
"No, you keep it."

Yalta in the Crimea.

Churchill wanted
the next Big Three meeting

to be held in the West,

but Stalin insisted
on a Soviet meeting place.

ZARUBINA:
Stalin wanted to please them.

And I will tell you,
I only saw

how hard people worked

with everything
devastated around,

bringing crystal glass,
bringing white napkins

and tablecloths and furniture.

Even when Mr. Winston Churchill
said once, you know, sort of,

"Oh I wish I had a lemon
with my gin and tonic,"

the next day they found
a lemon tree.

[ Band plays
"The Star Spangled Banner" ]

BRANAGH: The journey was
torment for the sick Roosevelt.

His polio and the strains of
war leadership dragged him down.

In the former Tsafis palace,

the leaders faced
a heavy agenda.

They must decide how to govern
a defeated Germany.

And they wanted to get
the Polish question settled.

ROBERTS: Eastern Europe,
important though it was,

was only one
of many other things --

first of all winning the war

and then
occupying Germany,

secondly, seeing
to the war against Japan,

thirdly the postwar
arrangements.

LUNGHI: Stalin knew
that the war was won.

After all, the Russians
were only 40 miles from Berlin

at that time.

They were on the point of
capturing Budapest.

They'd swept through parts
of Eastern Europe,

not the whole lot yet.

ZARUBINA: He was a
very shrewd negotiator.

He doesn't look you
in the eye.

He's just sort of smoking -
he was a chain smoker -

and he was sort of smoking,
and you think that probably

he's not listening, you know.

Then all of a sudden he would
raise his fingers and say, "Ah."

The terrible mistake
that Roosevelt made was

that he was trying to ingratiate
himself into Stalin's favor

by stressing the divisions

between Churchill
and himself.

So he made it quite clear
to Stalin

that there
were real divisions

as well
as imaginary ones.

For us, of course,
the major topic was

the future of Eastern Europe
and above all, Poland.

And on that Stalin obviously
was bound to get what he wanted

because the Red Army was
in occupation

of the whole area
including Poland -

they had already gone
through Poland into Germany

by the time we were in Yalta.

[explosions]

BRANAGH: By now, the
Balkans and most of Poland

were in Soviet hands,

so too was much of
Czechoslovakia and Hungary...

battlefield facts

that diplomacy
could not alter.

We got at Yalta
two diplomatic documents

which on paper were
perfectly satisfactory.

I mean that there would be
a coalition government in Poland

including people
from the West,

and there would be free
elections in Poland.

And then there was
a declaration

covering the whole
of Eastern Europe

called the Declaration on
Liberated Europe,

which again was to be rebuilt
on the basis of democracy

and free elections
and all the rest of it --

of course, phrases which
the Russian used

but interpreted rather
differently.

BRANAGH: Stalin promised
that the Polish elections

would be
free and fair.

Tired of arguing, the others
took him at his word.

Germany would
be governed jointly

by the victorious
Allies.

And Stalin secretly pledged

to join the war
against Japan.

Churchill was confident.

CHURCHILL: We have all
bound ourselves to work together,

to make sure that there is

increasing happiness
and prosperity

for the broad masses
of the people in every land --

no longer subject
to the hard strains of war.

There is the prospect which has
now opened before us.

NARRATOR: The Funeral
Special heads for Washington.

An honor guard of servicemen
keeps vigil

beside
the flag-draped casket.

At villages, crossroads,
way stations,

the people who were so close to
his heart stand silently,

expressive of the devotion
Franklin Roosevelt inspired.

BRANAGH:
As the President was buried,

the last battles in Europe
were ending.

American troops were
taking over German towns

without resistance.

MAN: They were glad to
see the American troops

because they had
a terrible fear

of having Russians occupy

or come into their...
their area.

BRANAGH:
As the Allies advanced,

they discovered the full horror
of German crimes.

The Jews had been the Nazis'
special target.

But every nation was mourning
over mass graves.

Fear of a German revival

would overshadow
the first years of peace.

[artillery fire]

Soon Soviet and American troops
would meet in Germany.

Our lieutenant came in one day
and said he'd got --

he wants to get
a patrol together-

we're going to go and see
if we can find some Russians.

Well, none of us
were too eager

to go
on that patrol really,

because we realized the end
of the war was imminent

and we didn't know
what was out there.

You know,
we had gotten this far,

why stick our
necks out again?

We kept going and we kept
running into no resistance

and everybody was retiring
and surrendering

and we just,
I guess, were lucky.

We got to the Elbe river

and we saw the Russians
on the other side.

[speaking Russian ]

INTERPRETER:
I told my girlfriend,

"You stand there,
and I'll stay here."

We waited for them
to come ashore.

We could see their faces.

They looked
like ordinary people.

We had imagined
something different.

Well, they were Americans!

[ laughs ]

I guess we didn't know what to
expect from the Russians,

but when you looked at them
and examined them,

you couldn't tell whether,
you know

If you put an American
uniform on them,

they could have been American!

[ Kozinchenko speaking
Russian ]

INTERPRETER: We didn't
know who we were kissing.

We were
just kissing everyone.

[ laughs ]

[ Man speaking Russian ]

INTERPRETER:
I think that for us the war was over.

We washed our feet
in the Elbe river.

We washed
our faces and hands.

We thought that now
we'd met the Americans,

the war must be over.

BRANAGH: Two days later,
the movie cameras were ready.

The moment of history,

the meeting of ordinary soldiers
from Russia and America,

was re-run,
dramatically,

with a bigger cast.

By allied agreement,
the capture of Berlin

was left to the Russians.

[ Rocket fire ]

April, 1945.

The Red Army launches its final
offensive towards Berlin.

[aircraft engine]

The war cost the Soviet Union
27 million lives --

nearly 40 times American
and British losses put together.

The Red Flag destined
to fly over the Reichstag

was a home made affair.

[ Khaldei speaking Russian ]

INTERPRETER:
We used tablecloths.

One night, I helped
my friend, a Jewish tailor,

sew them into three flags.

We took them to Berlin.

I found three soldiers
and we climbed up.

The first photograph I took

was of the flag
I'd brought from Moscow --

the Soviet flag over Berlin.

BRANAGH:
As Hitler's Reich fell apart,

hundreds gathered
in San Francisco

to found the United Nations
Organization.

The Soviet delegation
was led by the man

who had signed
the Nazi-Soviet Pact- Molotov.

[speaking Russian ]

INTERPRETER: Molotov was
very nervous because he felt

that the war is
coming to an end,

victory would soon be here,

and here he is in America.

That's why everyday
he sent cables to Stalin,

"When may I return?"

BRANAGH: As the San
Francisco meeting continued,

news came of Germany's
surrender.

General Eisenhower
informs me

that the forces of Germany

have surrendered
to the United Nations.

The flags of freedom fly
all over Europe.

BRANAGH:
As the fighting stopped,

the Soviet front line had
out Europe in two,

from the Baltic
to the Adriatic.

The war in the Pacific
dragged on.

American marines had stormed
lwo-Jima.

It was a foretaste
of how difficult and bloody

the final invasion of Japan
might be.

Potsdam,
in conquered Germany,

site of the
third allied summit.

The attitude in Washington
toward the Soviet Union

had begun to change
well before Potsdam.

Storm signals
were already flying.

[speaking Russian ]

INTERPRETER: Truman
declared officially and quite sharply

that the declaration on Europe
adopted at Yalta

is not being carried out
in some countries.

Governments are being set up

which the United States
will not recognize.

I'd call
the Potsdam conference

a bad-tempered conference,

because apart from
the ceremonial occasions,

it was really
very bad-tempered.

BRANAGH: The allies couldn't easily
agree about a German Peace Treaty

or on how to carry out
agreements reached at Yalta.

Stalin confirmed
that his troops were ready

for war with Japan.

But the day
before the conference,

America had successfully tested
an atomic bomb.

ELSEY: President Truman,
after consulting with the British,

and with his own military
advisers,

decided that he would
tell Stalin

that we had
a powerful new weapon,

without identifying it
as a nuclear weapon.

[speaking Russian ]

Truman repeated what he was
saying about the new weapon.

He thought Stalin didn't hear or
didn't understand him.

Stalin said, "Okay, thank you
for the information."

There was some question
amongst the Americans

as to whether Stalin
had really understood

what Truman was saying.

As we now know, they knew
all about the Manhattan Project

through espionage
and their own agents.

BRANAGH: With the
conference still in session,

news arrived from London
that Clement Attlee

had been elected
British Prime Minister.

[speaking Russian ]

INTERPRETER:
I had a feeling

that the biggest sensation
for Molotov and Stalin

was not the bomb explosion

but the fact that Churchill
was not re-elected in England.

BRANAGH:
Another photo-call.

The world must see that
the Allies were still united.

On August the 2nd
the conference ended

and the statesmen went home.

Four days later,
America dropped an atomic bomb

on the city and people
of Hiroshima.

Three days after that,

another
was dropped on Nagasaki.

Soon the human race would be
able to destroy itself

in a day.

At each Cold War crisis
to come,

the nuclear shadow threatened.