All language subtitles for Titanic.in.Colour.S01E02.720p.All4.WEB-DL.AAC2.0.H.264-RAWR

On the evening of April 14th, 1912,

on its maiden voyage,

RMS Titanic is steaming

into drifting ice.

It looks for a second as if

the Titanic is successfully

going to dodge this enormous
iceberg ahead of it...

..and then a tremor is felt

running through the ship.

Less than three hours later,
the world's largest

and most glamorous ocean liner

is on the seabed,

many of the passengers and crew

going down with the ship.

One of the men in the group
turned to my dad and he said,

"There's nothing for it now, lad.
It's every man for himself."

You have reports of gunfire,

you have reports of fighting,

you have just sheer chaos.

This series reveals the Titanic,

and those on board,
in their true colours.

Photographs and film footage
of the Titanic

and her sister ships are colourised -

some, for the very first time.

It makes you realise that
these people didn't exist

in a black-and-white world.

They existed in a world
as colourful as ours.

Possessions and artefacts
help tell the stories of

passengers and crew, victims

and traumatised survivors...

I don't think it's possible
to experience

a disaster on that level
and not be affected in some way.

..and bringing to life the horror

and the aftermath of one of

the 20th century's
most notorious disasters.

It's only a month later that
these photographs are taken,

and they're all still
reeling from the fact that

their father won't be coming home.

Over a century after
the sinking of the Titanic,

fascination with the ship
shows no sign of waning.

In Wiltshire,
in the south of England,

an auction of ocean liner and
Titanic memorabilia is under way.

The bids will be from
as far afield as Australia,

New Zealand, heavy presence
in the United States,

UK, Middle East.

So it literally is
a global phenomena.

The artefacts on sale include

a rare Titanic deck blanket,

a first-class dinner menu,

a promotional calendar,

and a Jewish passenger's

water-stained pocket watch.

What these objects do is,

if you look at the calendar,
for instance,

it's a vivid, bright-red
promotional item,

and it brings 1912 to life.
It makes it real.

For the collector, each artefact

is a direct link to those on board.

The Hebrew watch
instantly transports you back.

That came from someone,
that was someone's story,

that was someone's history,

and you're straight in the room
with that person,

and that gives you the chills.

For me, it's one of the most
powerful objects that we have

in the sale. There's an old auction

cliche on what things will sell for,

and something is worth what two
people are prepared to pay for it.

In this case, in my professional
opinion, for what it's worth,

between £50,000 and £70,000.

Sunday, April 14th, 1912,

8am, Titanic's last day.

First-class passengers were woken by
a bugle call.

Film shot nine years later
by the White Star Line

of the Titanic's twin, the Olympic,

shows both ships'
identical routines...

There are only very few differences
between the two ships,

so this footage allows us to see

what the Titanic would have
looked like as she sailed.

..but only in black and white.

Now, after expert restoration,

removing scratches,

sharpening the images,

and then adding colour,

the ships come to life.

Five days previously,

the Titanic set sail from Southampton

on its maiden voyage.

Her destination, New York,

is about 1,500 miles away.

Everyone's settled into
their routines.

It's a bright, clear day.

There's a well-oiled machine
going on at this point.

Passengers took the air on deck.

Alone at the bow was 54-year-old

American Helen Churchill Candee.

Helen broke conventions.

She was a divorcee, travelling alone,

and a pioneer of women's rights.

She literally wrote the guidebook
for young women,

at the turn of the 20th century,
on how to make it on your own.

Rosemary Gillham is
Helen's great-granddaughter.

She describes standing at
the bow of the ship, looking out

in this crystal-clear,

bright-blue sky at the waters
parting from the bow of the ship,

and the sort of majesty,

and the glory of this boat
cutting through the waves.

"The monarch of the seas",
she described it.

On A-Deck, first-class cabin A36

was full of plans and blueprints
of the ship.

Staying there was the Titanic's
designer, Thomas Andrews.

Andrews is brought breakfast,
as usual, by his steward.

He's a guy called Henry Etches.

And Etches sometimes
makes suggestions

to his boss about how
the Titanic and the Olympic

could actually be improved.

Now, some bosses might say
to their steward, "go away",

but actually, Andrews - to his
credit - always takes note of them.

Elsewhere on the Titanic,

passengers were taking advantage of

the world's most luxurious ship.

Gymnasiums were the latest craze,

and Titanic's was state of the art.

It was open to
first-class passengers,

men, women and children,

all strictly segregated.

There are a lot of people who are

travelling onboard the Titanic
who are very aware that they are

being served thousands of calories
every day, particularly at dinner.

In the first-class dining salon,

quite a few of the passengers
make jokes about

the fact that they need
the gymnasium, after a week at sea.

In the heart of the ship,

the squash racquet court
was already in use.

This is the court in the Olympic,
filmed in 1921.

Squash is a very popular game

with upper-class Edwardian men
at the time,

and so it shows a shrewd awareness
to the White Star Line

of who they're trying
to market this to.

But many first-class passengers
were preferring to take it easy

and relax in the comfort of
the first-class lounge

on the promenade deck.

A hotel in Alnwick, in
the North of England,

has the interior of
the first-class lounge

from Titanic's sister ship,
the Olympic.

It's really easy,
being in this space, to imagine

the last day aboard the Titanic.

People would have been
socialising, chatting, drinking tea,

drinking alcoholic drinks,

playing cards.

Below deck was a hive of activity,

as the 430-strong

Victualling Department,

who looked after
the food and drink on board,

catered for over 1,300 passengers.

You have to have bakers
producing enough bread

for all three classes and the crew.

The bedrooms have to be cleaned.

There's a mail room
to sort the letters.

The wireless room is constantly
sending telegrams to America.

The Titanic never really stops.

Jean Legg's father,
18-year-old Sidney Daniels,

worked as a steward.

On the Sunday, he said it was

such a lovely atmosphere on board.

It was bitterly cold,

so people tended to stay down below
to keep warm, to stay inside.

So it was a very busy day.

But he said that was fine.
Everyone was happy,

just thrilled to be there.

Breakfast was being served in

the second-class dining saloon
on D-Deck.

Eating there was a couple,

Henry Morley and Kate Phillips,

travelling under the names

"Mr and Mrs Marshall".

Henry was a 38-year-old confectioner,

with a business and family

back home in Worcester. Kate was 19,

and one of his shop assistants.

They planned to start a new life
together in San Francisco.

Beverley Roberts
is their great-granddaughter.

They ran away together
because they fell in love.

A man doesn't up sticks and leave
his wife and child

for no reason at all.

Kate was pregnant.

Whether she conceived just
beforehand, and they knew

and wanted to escape the scandal,

or she conceived on the Titanic.

But running away together,

OK, it was a scandal,
but they loved each other

and their whole focus
would have just been on each other

and enjoying themselves.

For many passengers
like Kate and Henry,

the voyage was the start of

a new life, in a new country.

From the moment they step ashore,

they don't have to tell
people about their past.

It's an opportunity for people
to reinvent themselves,

and they can forget things
that they don't

want to remember
about their own past.

Many of those in third class -

sitting down to eat a breakfast of

porridge and vegetable stew -

were fleeing persecution or poverty

in Italy and the Middle East,

in the hope of making
their fortune in America.

Most travelled as a family,

but one group of around 20 came from

the Lebanese village of Kfarmishki.

They carried the hopes of
the entire community.

There would have been
collective pooling of resources

to enable to buy the tickets.

The gamble was taken collectively,
by the whole village,

on the understanding that then
remittances would flow back,

that people would earn
higher wages somewhere else.

They were also aiming to support

all the people who were
back in Lebanon.

At 12 minutes past nine,

the Titanic's wireless room received

a message from the liner Caronia,

warning of icebergs ahead.

The Titanic's Captain,

EJ Smith, thanked them
for their message.

He was used to the perils of
the North Atlantic.

Smith has captained
17 White Star ships,

in a career that's lasted 30 years.

So when he's asked by a newspaper

to describe his time at sea,

he simply describes them
as "uneventful".

Smith had no intention

of slowing his ship for the ice.

To do so would have
significant repercussions

for White Star's reputation.

Having that regular, reliable
service is everything.

Because much like today,
where we would miss a flight

and then miss connecting flights,

passengers aren't ending
their trip in New York.

A lot of these people are going to
other places in the US.

They've booked carriages,
they've booked taxis.

It's all been prearranged.

Being delayed into New York is
terrible PR for the White Star Line,

for the ship's maiden voyage,

and also, extremely inconvenient
for the ship's passengers.

Captain Smith was trusted

by those onboard,

and his vast, speedy ship

seemed unstoppable.

Not all passengers were happy
being on the Titanic, though.

A few days earlier,

fashion journalist Edith Rosenbaum
wrote to a friend.

"It is a monster,
and I can't say that I like it,

"as I feel as if I were in
a big hotel,

"instead of on a cosy ship.

"I'm going to take
a much-needed rest on this trip,

"but I cannot get over
my feeling of depression

"and premonition of trouble.

"How I wish it were over!"

As Sunday drew to a close,

the Titanic was sailing through
the icy water

faster than at any point
in her voyage.

It was a perfect evening
in the North Atlantic.

A lot of passengers
had gone to bed early.

There is a sense of stillness
throughout the Titanic.

However, there was

potential danger ahead.

Six other ships had sent
the Titanic warnings about icebergs,

but Captain Smith was unmoved.

Because it's so unusually calm,

he figures that anything ahead
will be spotted in time

and orders Titanic's bridge

to maintain speed and heading,

and takes the ship through
the ice field.

The Titanic is going at 22 knots

as they approach the ice field.
That's quick. I mean,

that means it's travelling at
about, what, 38 foot a second?

At 11.40pm, Frederick Fleet,

one of the ship's two lookouts,

spotted an object
high above the water.

Dorothy Kendle met
Fleet in the 1950s.

What he saw, he said, was something
black in front of him,

and he realised it was an iceberg,

and he called down to
Officer Murdoch and told him,

"Iceberg ahead, iceberg ahead!"

46,000 tonnes of steel and wood

collide with half a million
tonnes of ice.

The iceberg punctured the Titanic

below the waterline multiple times.

Now, those holes aren't big. I mean,
they're only like an inch high,

but they are along
250 foot of the hull.

Five watertight compartments

were breached. Titanic could survive

damage only to the first four.

Dorothy Kendle's mother was asleep
in second class.

It wasn't a bang,
she said it was like a shiver,

a violent shiver that woke her up.

In her first-class cabin,

Helen Churchill Candee almost fell
over with the force of the collision.

She opened the door and called for

the steward to say, "what's
happened?", and he was saying,

"There's nothing wrong.
Go back to bed.

"Don't frighten other people.
There's nothing wrong."

As a precaution,
the Titanic's engine stopped.

Her giant propellors were still.

The ship fell silent.

Many passengers realised, for the
first time, something was wrong.

They've been on this liner,

this big sturdy ship,

with heaters, and music, and food,

and restaurants,
and the constant hum

of that ship running underneath
them has always been there.

At midnight, Captain Smith received

some chilling news.

Fourth Officer Joseph Boxhall
reports

that the mailroom
on F-Deck is flooded.

There are letters floating around.

So by now, the ship has taken on
about 7,000 tonnes of water.

Smith gave the order to
"swing out the lifeboats"

and to get the passengers on deck.

Jean Legg's father, Sidney Daniels,
was one of the stewards given

the task of getting first-class
passengers to the lifeboats.

The reactions were varied.

One reaction was, "Oh! What does
this young man know? He's 18.

"He's not much more than a boy.

"This is an unsinkable liner.
Can this be right?"

He'd go to another cabin
and they'd say,

"But our children are asleep in bed.
They're warm in their bunks.

"If we take them up on deck,
they could get a chill."

And yet another reaction would be,
"We sort of understand what you say,

"but we'll just pack a few
things and we'll come up.

"We'll follow you up later."

Many of those who do go up on deck
took refuge in

the first-class lounge, encouraged
by the Chief Purser.

To prevent the passengers
having to go out on deck

in below-freezing temperatures,

he turns on the electric fireplace,

cocoa, brandies and coffee
are being served.

The band arrives to play
an impromptu concert.

So all of a sudden, the
evacuation has taken on

the air of what one
first-class passenger calls

"a very stupid picnic".

At 12.30am, word reached
the passengers on deck that

the squash court close to the bow

was now ten feet underwater.

The fact that the squash court
is flooded is a portent

of Titanic's doom.

It means water is now flooding

through spaces that shouldn't
be flooding. These aren't

machinery spaces,
these are now passenger spaces.

The Titanic's designer,
Thomas Andrews,

knew his ship was doomed.

He saw stewardess Annie Robinson

not wearing a life preserver.

Andrews absolutely insists,

he pleads with Annie
to put a life belt on,

because he really wants her
to set an example

to all those many passengers

who simply do not realise

the danger they're in.
Now, Annie's really reluctant,

but Andrews just says, "If you value
your life, put your belt on."

Helen Churchill Candee and a friend

headed up to the lifeboat deck.

They were about to step on
a stairway that was a ladder,

but they had to stand back, because
the stokers were coming up from

the engine room - in a line,

faces blackened with soot.

Grim faces, anguished faces.

As if they knew
what nobody else knew,

and that the boat
had been badly damaged.

And then she heard the captain
shout, "Halt!",

and made them turn around and go
back down into the engine room,

where they knew that
they would not survive.

At the auction of Titanic
artefacts in Wiltshire,

Lot 275 is about to go
under the hammer -

a rare Titanic deck blanket,
taken into a lifeboat by

a passenger fleeing the sinking ship.

So, away we go,

and we start off at £60,000.

It's an iconic Titanic moment,

I think, to imagine particularly

the first-class passengers
on a chair on deck.

They've got their cup of warm tea

and their blanket on. But of course,

the night of the sinking,
the blankets took on

a completely different use
and meaning.

A lot of passengers have left their
rooms, grabbed their life belts.

They are not dressed appropriately.

People are in pyjamas,
people are in night dresses.

And so, blankets become
this weird symbol.

They represent survival,
they represent warmth.

75.

76.

76. Is there 77?

At £76,000, for the last call...

An hour after the iceberg hit,
the first lifeboat

was lowered into the cold Atlantic.

The Titanic had 20 lifeboats.

Together, they could hold
just 1,178 people.

That was barely half the number
on board.

But for 1912, the ship was
considered well-equipped.

It had four more lifeboats

than regulations required.

Other liners had
even fewer lifeboats.

If the German ship Amerika,
for example, had sunk,

You would have had 2,000 passengers
and crew who would have

very quickly discovered there were
no lifeboats for them.

The first lifeboats
were launched half-empty.

Many passengers refused point-blank

to leave the security of the ship.

Lucy Duff-Gordon, a passenger
in Lifeboat 1, wrote...

"I shall never forget how black
and deep the water looked below us

"and how I hated leaving
the big, homely ship

"for this frail little boat."

Beverley Roberts knows very little
about what happened that night

to her great-grandparents,
Henry and Kate.

But their daughter, Beverley's
grandmother, gave her one clue.

When she was being chastised
as a child, Kate would say,

"Don't give me that look.
Don't look at me with those eyes,

"because that's how your father
looked at me

"when I was going down
into the lifeboat."

It was almost two hours since
the Titanic hit the iceberg.

Lifeboat 14 was being lowered down

the side of the ship.

Passengers were wrapped in overcoats

and blankets against the cold.

Dorothy Kendle's mother

and grandmother were on board.

As they were going down
in the lifeboat,

they were looking through
the portholes,

and they could see passengers
just grabbing what they could

and then making their way
to the boat deck.

And then the next one down,

they were doing the same.

And then when they got
right to the bottom,

there was water already
in the cabins.

Meanwhile, in the wireless room,

the two operators were sending
out desperate pleas for help.

One liner, the Carpathia,

had responded and was heading for
them, but it was 60 miles away.

On the Titanic, panic was setting in.

You have reports of gunfire,

you have reports of fighting,

you have reports of
just sheer chaos.

This picture, drawn within weeks
of the disaster

for the newspaper The Sphere,

is one of the most
realistic depictions

of the drama on the boat deck.

To make it as accurate as possible,

the artist - an Italian
called Fortunino Matania -

spoke to a steward from
the Titanic at great length

to get the details just right.

The steward remembered

the single shoe on the deck

and the man in the dinner jacket,

not wearing his life belt.

Second-class passengers

Joseph and Juliette Laroche,

and their two young girls,

were caught up in the confusion.

Juliette got separated, and then

she's thrust onto this lifeboat

with one of her children. But
apparently, Joseph is seen holding

his other daughter
above all the chaos.

Everyone's panicking,

but he wants to get her safe.

So he finds his wife
and his other child, puts her in,

assures his wife that
there'll be other lifeboats.

I wonder if he knew at that point

if there would be another lifeboat,
but it's about getting

his wife and children to safety.

As second-class passengers,

the Laroche family could join

first class on the lifeboat deck.

But those in third class
were hindered by

American regulations, concerning

the spread of disease on liners.

You have a crew that have been told
they need to keep third class

separate from
first and second class,

unless in an emergency,

and that even when they do
realise it's an emergency,

they're struggling to
communicate with them.

And many passengers in third class -

indeed, many passengers on
the Titanic - belonged to

an inherently conservative
and respectful generation.

And in this particular set
of circumstances, that is

to their disadvantage, in that

they are waiting to
be told what to do.

And as no firm instructions
are coming,

many of them simply sit and wait,
until it's too late.

By 2.17, all the lifeboats had gone.

Hundreds fought their way up
the sloping deck to the stern.

The massive funnels started to fall

towards the people in the water.

SCREAMING

These incredible pieces of
machinery, standing about

as high as a four or five-storey
building, were coming down onto

the very heads of the passengers
who once looked at them

as a symbol of Edwardian might.

Steward Sidney Daniels

jumped into the water and swam

towards an upturned lifeboat,

photographed here a few days later.

Already, there were more than
20 people on.

As he got nearer, he could see that

there was just enough gap
for one person -

maybe two, at a pinch - to get on.

So he clambered on and he managed

to get onto that space.

The Titanic pointed towards the sky,

in the words of one passenger,
"Like a sinister finger".

Titanic was never designed to have

an entire third of her length
out of the water.

And of course, it becomes too much.

Right at the very end,
the lights snap out,

and round about the same time,

Titanic's back
is dramatically broken.

The submerged bow section
started to slowly pull

the rest of the Titanic down.

Dad said there was an explosion,

like a big noise, and then the
stern came up, almost vertical.

And he said it was quite
an experience to watch.

And she was gone.

The pride of the White Star fleet

slipped below the waves,

two hours and 40 minutes

after the iceberg hit.

For those in the water,

the ordeal wasn't over.

First-class passenger
Archibald Gracie

was on the same upturned lifeboat
as Sidney Daniels.

"The shrieks of the terror-stricken

"and the awful gaspings
for breath of those

"in the last throws of drowning,

"none of us will ever forget
to our dying day."

The lifeboats drifted for four hours,

until the liner Carpathia
came into view at dawn.

The National Maritime Museum

in London has a collection
of photographs

taken by a passenger
on the Carpathia.

They essentially just show

the minute size of these boats

against the vastness of the ocean.

And it brings to light

just how lucky these people are

to have survived the disaster.

One photograph shows Lifeboat 14,

skippered by
Fifth Officer Harold Lowe.

Despite there being
almost no wind at all,

he was the only man who decided

to raise the sail in the boat.

It's here, just capturing

a tiny gasp of wind

as it's on the horizon.

On board were Dorothy Kendle's
grandmother and mother.

My mother said the bitter cold

seemed to get through to
their bones, you know?

The lifeboat was surrounded by
bodies in the water.

Officer Lowe turned them over,
some of them,

to see if they were still alive,

but my mother said
they were frozen to death.

"They didn't drown," she said.
"They were frozen."

The Titanic had been designed

to keep each social class apart.

In the lifeboats,

that segregated world disappeared.

Everyone was thrown together
for the first time.

So you've got

interactions between people

who would not normally
have interacted

on board the Titanic itself.

Everyone is cold,

everyone is frightened.

But on board, you get

small-scale domestic dramas.

Some women complain
that men are drinking.

Others complain that
people are smoking.

So these small-scale incidences

get amplified in the extraordinary

circumstances of the lifeboat.

Rosemary Gillham's great-grandmother,
Helen Churchill Candee,

was in Lifeboat 6.

In the stern was Robert Hichens,

who had been steering the Titanic

when she struck the iceberg.

Helen described Hichens

as "a brute of a man", who was
just out to take care of himself.

He'd borrowed one of
the steamer rugs,

which he'd wrapped himself up in.

He refused to turn back to pick up

any other passengers.

They were already in the water.

He said that the nearest land
was 1,200 miles away,

that they didn't
stand a chance anyway,

so he didn't want to turn around.

Simonne Laroche was only three
when she was rescued,

but remembered it for
the rest of her life.

Simonne talks about getting on board

the Carpathia and being hoisted
in sacks. And she remembers that,

and perhaps not about the actual
Titanic itself.

So that bit must have been
the most traumatic for her.

And obviously, being hoisted

and being away from her mother,

and the trauma of that.

Reports of the disaster

reached Britain and the United States

within hours.

The news had the greatest impact
in Southampton,

home for three quarters of
Titanic's crew.

A remarkable book in
the city's archives shows

the effect of the sinking on
the lives of local children.

Historian Julie Cook's

great-grandfather was a stoker

who went down with the ship.

This is the logbook from
Northam Girls School,

which was in Northam,
the area of Southampton

where many of the crew lived.

And Annie Hopkins,
the headmistress,

wrote various journal entries
throughout the year.

And in this particular entry on
April the 15th, 1912, she wrote,

"A great many girls are absent
this afternoon, owing to

"the sad news regarding the Titanic.

"Fathers and brothers are
on the vessel, and some of

"the little ones in school have been
in tears all the afternoon."

There was a lot of confusion
at the time as to whether

the Titanic had sunk,
whether everybody was saved.

There were lots of different
newspaper reports coming,

in different editions of
the local newspaper.

And yet, this headteacher knew
from somewhere what had happened,

or these children knew
from somewhere, and there was

a great deal of word of mouth
in those communities

back in Southampton.

Two days later, Annie Hopkins
wrote another entry in the logbook.

"I feel I must record the sad aspect
in school today,

"owing to the Titanic disaster. So
many of the crew belong to Northam

"and it is pathetic to witness
the children's grief.

"In some cases, faith and hope
of better news.

"The attendance is suffering."

Everyone was in mourning.
Children would often play

in the street with their hoops.
They didn't. There wasn't a sound

in the street. Everyone stayed
inside. Many children were in grief,

some are still hopeful, some don't
know if their father's coming home.

And yet, they were still at school.

They were still attending and
hoping, clinging to hope, perhaps,

that their father would come home.

For most, their hope was short-lived.

The Carpathia picked up

only 212 crew members

out of a total of almost 900.

The Titanic story now became
about helping the survivors

and recovering the dead.

After a three-day voyage,

the Carpathia reached New York

with over 700 survivors

of the Titanic on board.

The American press
had chartered a boat,

competing amongst each themselves
to get a scoop.

As the Carpathia steamed past,

reporters with megaphones
are making offers of $50

or $100 for eyewitness accounts.

When the reporters were eventually
allowed on board,

they interviewed anyone with
any form of connection with

the disaster. Even the Carpathia's
young, and very excited,

waiters and stewards.

One of those filmed
for cinema newsreels

was 18-year-old
English waiter Robbie Purvis.

Pauline Weeks is Robbie's daughter.

They've got their life jackets on,
from the look of it.

It looks like they're
all having a good time,

showing off in front of the camera.

I'm lucky to have film footage
of my dad when he's young.

Not many people have film footage

of their fathers like this.

Robbie had a memorable tale to tell.

A baby, close to death,
had been rescued.

Its clothes were wet, it was

icy cold, and he tried to save it.

And he took it to the hot plate,

which was used for keeping food hot,

and lowered the heat
so that it was just warm,

and the baby got warm through
and it survived.

We were always proud of him

for looking after the baby because

somebody of his age would not
necessarily have thought about it.

Back out at sea, a steward

on a German liner photographed

an iceberg streaked with red paint.

It's believed to be the one
that sank the Titanic.

A few miles away,

hundreds of bodies
were still in the water.

The White Star Line chartered
a ship - the Mackay-Bennett -

to recover them.
She sailed from Halifax,

Nova Scotia,
two days after the sinking.

On board were hastily-built coffins,

a priest,

a team of undertakers
and an embalmer.

The Mackay-Bennett retrieved

306 corpses. After almost a week

in the water, 116 were either

too disfigured or decomposed

to be identified,

and so were buried at sea.

Today, possessions from Titanic's

passengers are highly sought after.

At 75,000. At 75.

At the auction in Wiltshire,
a water-stained pocket watch

is coming under the hammer.

Is there any more?

At £75,000 on the saleroom, going...

..and gone.

It was found by the crew of
the Mackay-Bennett

on the body of Jewish passenger
Sinai Kantor,

and given back to
his grieving family.

He was headed from

what was then Russia,
we now know as Belarus,

with his wife, Miriam.
They were in second class.

They were headed to the
United States to study medicine,

to start these new lives.
And unfortunately,

he did not survive. She did.

Her husband's life is
stopped in that moment

when the pocket watch stops,

and it's a very powerful image.

I think there's a real poignancy
to thinking about people's

hopes and dreams, and the fact that
you can't take very much with you

when you make a journey like that.
So everything that they carried

must have had a value or a meaning
or a reason for being packed.

To me, it makes them more poignant
than the first-class passengers,

in the sense that there was so much
resting on this journey for them

and so many hopes
invested in what they were doing.

710 people survived the
sinking of the Titanic.

Just over 1,500 died.

Among those who perished was
Joseph Laroche,

heading home to Haiti...

..Henry Pugh's great-uncle,

Titanic stoker Percy...

..Dorothy Kendle's grandfather,
Thomas,

hoping to start a new life
in America...

..and Beverley Farmer's
great-grandfather, Henry.

Nine months after the
loss of the Titanic,

his partner, Kate,
gave birth to baby Ellen.

Jean Legg's father was
one of the lucky ones.

Sidney went on to have a long career

as a steward for the White Star Line.

His signing-on book is
testament to how highly

the company thought of him.

He went back to sea and
he sailed the same route,

from Southampton to New York,
that Titanic would have taken.

He sailed that on his favourite
liner, the Olympic.

The Mackay-Bennett retrieved

wreckage, as well as bodies.

The Titanic was the most opulent

and colourful ship of her age

and, yet, all that the Mackay-Bennett

collected on its gruesome voyage

were chairs and fragments of wood.

The loss of the Titanic prompted

an outpouring of public sympathy.

Concerts were held

to raise money for bereaved families.

There was even a charity record

called Be British.

# Be British was the cry

# As the ship went down

# Every man was steady
at his post... #

In May 1912, in Northam School
in Southampton,

over 100 pupils were taken out of
class to be photographed by

a local paper to raise awareness
of the appeal.

There are two photographs here
of the older girls

and the older boys who'd all lost
a father or a loved one

on the Titanic. And this photograph

would have been taken right here,

against this wall, this part of

the building. We're used to having

our photographs taken as
schoolchildren and lining up with

our school friends, but this is
something else. This is

completely different. This is

children who united in grief.

They've lost a father,

and they're all still...

It's only a month later that

these photographs are taken,

and they're all still reeling

from the fact that their father
won't be coming home.

An official Titanic Relief Fund
was set up to collect

and distribute the money.

Soon, over £418,000 was raised -

around £30 million today.

Julie Cook's grandfather was a
stoker who died on the Titanic.

She's looking at the Fund's account
books in the Southampton Archives.

It reveals the Titanic's class divide

didn't end when the ship sank.

The money raised
was not evenly distributed.

It was arranged in
Class A to Class G.

So if you were Class A,

you were the wife or dependant of
an officer.

And if you were Class G,

you were the wife or dependant of
a stoker or a boiler room man,

such as my great-grandmother was.

Emily, in Class G, received

12 shillings and sixpence a week.

The widow of an officer

would get as much as £2 a week.

The money came with conditions.

An official named Ethel Maude Newman

cycled around Southampton,

checking on the recipients.

She became known as the Lady Visitor.

She would go around the houses

of those who were the dependants
on the Fund to check how they were

living, to check where they were
spending the money,

to check they still needed the
money, to check they hadn't

remarried. Because some of
the women, if they did remarry,

they were then no longer
eligible for the Fund

from their husband's death. I can
imagine these women hurriedly

cleaning their home, cleaning
their children's dirty faces,

hiding the liquor bottle, perhaps,

and making sure everything was
up to Ethel Newman's standards.

But Mrs Newman wasn't only checking

to see whether a widow had remarried.

There is an entry here of a lady
called Mrs Biggs who, unfortunately,

due to her loss,
she turned to alcohol.

And there's an entry here that says,

"It was reported that Mrs Biggs has
again been before the magistrates

"on a charge of drunkenness. It was
reluctantly decided to suspend

"her allowance for a period
of three months."

And of course, this wasn't fair
because Mrs Biggs,

although she may have been
buying alcohol

to get over her grief or her trauma,

she still needed money to pay
her rent, to feed her children,

to feed herself. And so, it seems
incredibly unkind by our standards

that she would have been cut off
in this way.

Those who had survived the sinking

faced a different kind of trauma.

Many had to deal with
survivor's guilt,

and the men often faced
public shaming.

There was a lot
written in the press.

A very common commentary
about if a male survived,

did they survive in the place of

a woman, in the place of a child?

Men were expected to explain

why they survived. They were

expected to defend their survival.

Some felt compelled
to tell their story.

Charlotte Collyer,
who had lost her husband, Harvey,

was photographed with Marjorie,
her daughter,

and was interviewed by
an American newspaper.

I think her first interview was just

a couple of days afterwards.

She'd just lost her husband.

She'd just seen all
these people perish.

It's my opinion that
she was getting her counselling.

She was getting her counselling
before counselling was a thing.

If that's how she wants to
deal with it, then that's fine.

But I think at the time,
she was criticised for that,

no-one could really understand.

Many couldn't cope with the trauma.

At least 11 Titanic survivors
took their own life,

including stewardess Annie Robinson,

who jumped off a ship
in Boston Harbor,

and the lookout, Fred Fleet,

who hanged himself in 1965.

For over a century, the sinking of
the Titanic has gripped

the public's imagination -
thanks, in part, to films

such as A Night To Remember

and James Cameron's Titanic.

The iceberg gave the Titanic its
immortality in popular culture,

but it is the silver screen

that made that enduring.

It also is a crucial ingredient to
why the Titanic remains so popular,

such a source of fascination.

Because it is something
that continues to appeal

to people beyond simply
an interest in history.

It appeals to an interest in
humanity and keeps the focus on

the human tragedy of the Titanic.

The enduring fascination
with the Titanic

encouraged many searches
for the wreck.

That came to an end in 1985,

when the painstaking work of

a team of marine archaeologists,

led by American Robert Ballard,
paid off.

It was the first time anyone

had seen the Titanic in 73 years.

Rusting and slowly being lost

to the ocean, the Titanic was

once again seen in colour.

But that colour is fading.

When Titanic sails out
in April, 1912,

she's this gleaming, colourful ship

that really catches the eye.

But now she's on the bottom of
the seabed, all that colour

is just draining away. And soon,

there won't be a wreck at all,

because soon,
there will not be a Titanic.

Such is the power of

the Titanic story, the legend

will endure, even when

the wreck is no more.

The Titanic continues to be

a source of fascination for us
for so many reasons.

Because let's face it,
there have been other sinkings.

But I think with this one,

it took them two and a half hours

to sink, so we have

all those stories.

Whether it's the richest person
in the world,

whether it's cabin crew,

it will continue to thrill us

and enthral us for years to come.

This drama, this soap opera,

played out as the ship sank.

And we like to imagine ourselves

on the deck, and we wonder,

what would we have done?

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