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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:10,728 --> 00:00:13,148 I'm in a small town called Pukerua Bay in New Zealand. 2 00:00:13,466 --> 00:00:15,466 Behind me is the house of an elderly lady 3 00:00:15,767 --> 00:00:17,147 called Hannah McKenzie. 4 00:00:17,423 --> 00:00:18,463 I've known Hannah all my life. 5 00:00:18,683 --> 00:00:21,893 She's a very close friend of my parents, who live just 4 doors away. 6 00:00:22,244 --> 00:00:25,201 In fact, I remember coming to "Auntie Hannah's" gardens, 7 00:00:25,350 --> 00:00:29,415 as we called her when I was about 7 years old and playing in these trees over here. 8 00:00:29,929 --> 00:00:31,969 I didn't know a lot about Hannah McKenzie back then 9 00:00:32,099 --> 00:00:35,850 I knew that she was a widow - her husband had died many years before I was born. 10 00:00:36,968 --> 00:00:40,468 About a year ago I had a call from my mother. 11 00:00:40,873 --> 00:00:43,213 She said I should drop in on Auntie Hannah sometime because 12 00:00:43,517 --> 00:00:47,181 she was wondering if I'd be interested in a lot of old films that she had stored 13 00:00:47,185 --> 00:00:49,185 in a shed at the bottom of her garden. 14 00:00:52,035 --> 00:00:53,495 I wasn't expecting much. 15 00:00:53,774 --> 00:00:54,814 Hannah described them as a 16 00:00:55,076 --> 00:00:58,156 lot of old home movies that her husband, Colin, had taken. 17 00:01:05,103 --> 00:01:07,493 I was expecting to maybe find a bunch of old home movies, 18 00:01:07,500 --> 00:01:11,831 drop them off at the film archive on my way home and that would be the end of it. 19 00:01:13,100 --> 00:01:17,378 What I found, sitting right here, was an old chest. 20 00:01:19,004 --> 00:01:22,175 I opened the chest and I found the most extraordinary collection of films 21 00:01:22,180 --> 00:01:23,820 These were 35mm films. 22 00:01:23,825 --> 00:01:25,365 The tins were rusty. 23 00:01:25,380 --> 00:01:28,725 There were strange names on them. "Warrior Season". 24 00:01:28,730 --> 00:01:29,860 Films I'd never heard of. 25 00:01:30,812 --> 00:01:34,479 I had no way of realizing the significance of these films at the time. 26 00:01:34,852 --> 00:01:38,112 We later discovered they were made between the turn of the century and the late 1920s 27 00:01:38,455 --> 00:01:40,085 by an extraordinary New Zealander. 28 00:01:40,371 --> 00:01:43,831 A man who has now gotta join the ranks of the great film pioneers. 29 00:01:44,151 --> 00:01:46,241 A guy called Colin McKenzie. 30 00:01:48,493 --> 00:01:51,663 At the archives we get a lot of film coming in. 31 00:01:51,700 --> 00:01:54,030 It's family parades, babies on lawns 32 00:01:55,012 --> 00:01:57,052 A lot of it's very interesting, historically. 33 00:01:57,355 --> 00:01:59,855 Just on dress, fashion, and things like this, but 34 00:02:00,520 --> 00:02:04,360 Colin McKenzie's collection, on the other hand, is something totally unique. 35 00:02:07,382 --> 00:02:08,592 I got a call from Peter 36 00:02:08,944 --> 00:02:11,364 and he wanted to know if I knew anything at all about 37 00:02:11,683 --> 00:02:13,500 Colin McKenzie. 38 00:02:13,510 --> 00:02:16,470 And, I had to say that I didn't know very much. 39 00:02:17,160 --> 00:02:21,025 The name wasn't totally unknown to me. I'd come across it in a couple of journals 40 00:02:21,030 --> 00:02:22,920 and a couple of old papers 41 00:02:22,928 --> 00:02:26,100 but there was very little solid information to relate to him. 42 00:02:26,146 --> 00:02:29,446 Certainly there was no films that were attributed to him. 43 00:02:29,967 --> 00:02:33,597 We were very luck to get the film in when we did. 44 00:02:33,966 --> 00:02:35,800 They were starting to deteriorate quite badly 45 00:02:35,805 --> 00:02:36,855 some of the reels. 46 00:02:36,999 --> 00:02:40,860 And, I think, within 5 years if it hadn't have been found 47 00:02:40,870 --> 00:02:42,830 it would have disappeared forever. 48 00:02:43,868 --> 00:02:44,828 Imagine if a film 49 00:02:44,835 --> 00:02:47,705 like "Citizen Kane" was to suddenly come out of the blue. 50 00:02:48,336 --> 00:02:52,400 Really, the discovery of this collection was that exciting and that intriguing. 51 00:02:52,417 --> 00:02:56,930 It's a treasure trove of films of major historical importance 52 00:02:56,937 --> 00:02:59,939 not just for New Zealand but worldwide. 53 00:03:00,019 --> 00:03:02,319 This is New Zealand filmmaker is gonna rank 54 00:03:02,632 --> 00:03:05,042 you know - I mean - with the greats, like D.W. Griffith. 55 00:03:05,361 --> 00:03:07,915 And I think, in some ways, infinitely better. 56 00:03:07,922 --> 00:03:10,010 I've gotta confess: Colin McKenzie was just 57 00:03:10,015 --> 00:03:12,845 a name I'd read somewhere in a book, in a history book 58 00:03:12,830 --> 00:03:14,871 and he didn't have a lot of impact to me 59 00:03:14,919 --> 00:03:19,430 until this great discovery of all his films and the historical research that's gone with it 60 00:03:19,439 --> 00:03:21,690 and now I am just flabbergasted. 61 00:03:21,698 --> 00:03:25,778 This is just the greatest film discovery of the last 50 years. 62 00:03:26,215 --> 00:03:30,335 Here was this unknown genius, who died in obscurity, 63 00:03:30,341 --> 00:03:33,895 and who now belongs, you know, in the pantheon 64 00:03:33,902 --> 00:03:37,022 of great cinema artists and innovators. 65 00:03:49,355 --> 00:03:51,695 Colin McKenzie had humble beginnings. 66 00:03:52,051 --> 00:03:54,740 He was born on the 7th of February, 1888 67 00:03:54,748 --> 00:03:57,789 in the tiny South Island farming community of Geraldine. 68 00:03:59,299 --> 00:04:03,099 His father, John McKenzie, arrived in New Zealand in 1879. 69 00:04:04,037 --> 00:04:05,707 With typical Scottish pragmatism 70 00:04:05,994 --> 00:04:09,204 he built his home and farm the hard way. 71 00:04:09,941 --> 00:04:12,701 John's young wife, Ellen, found country life difficult. 72 00:04:13,023 --> 00:04:15,903 but she took pride in her sons, Colin and Brooke. 73 00:04:17,417 --> 00:04:21,978 Colin, the elder of the two, was studious and introverted, the opposite of his brother. 74 00:04:22,623 --> 00:04:25,213 Yet the boys enjoyed a close bond. 75 00:04:27,101 --> 00:04:29,955 From sunup to sundown they worked the land with their father. 76 00:04:29,964 --> 00:04:32,094 in whose footsteps they were expected to follow. 77 00:04:33,088 --> 00:04:35,678 Colin, however, showed no aptitude for farming. 78 00:04:36,078 --> 00:04:38,078 His interests lay elsewhere. 79 00:04:40,908 --> 00:04:42,288 The boys' uncle, Albert Drury, 80 00:04:42,564 --> 00:04:44,854 owned a successful bicycle shop in Timaru. 81 00:04:45,729 --> 00:04:47,065 It was there, in the workshop, 82 00:04:47,073 --> 00:04:50,243 that Colin discovered his passion for mechanical invention. 83 00:04:50,592 --> 00:04:54,552 Young Colin would often stay weekends, tinkering with tools and spare parts. 84 00:04:55,247 --> 00:04:57,747 The boy's imagination needed an outlet. 85 00:04:58,069 --> 00:05:01,227 In the spring of 1900, he found it. 86 00:05:02,057 --> 00:05:05,439 The traveling picture show had come to town. 87 00:05:10,491 --> 00:05:14,510 It was like a flash from heaven, starting out of the darkness, 88 00:05:14,521 --> 00:05:18,250 and his whole heart lifted. 89 00:05:18,394 --> 00:05:21,894 He felt this was something he wanted to do 90 00:05:22,258 --> 00:05:24,008 and he would do. 91 00:05:24,819 --> 00:05:27,050 He just followed that big picture show 92 00:05:27,079 --> 00:05:28,659 right around the district. 93 00:05:28,901 --> 00:05:31,691 And where the other kids had been gorping at the screen 94 00:05:31,750 --> 00:05:34,090 looking at those lovelies and horses and things 95 00:05:34,680 --> 00:05:38,790 Colin was at the back of the hall looking at the magic machine that was doing it all. 96 00:05:38,803 --> 00:05:39,763 The projector. 97 00:05:40,063 --> 00:05:42,393 What fascinates me most about Colin McKenzie's early films 98 00:05:42,405 --> 00:05:45,606 are not so much the films themselves, but the technology involved. 99 00:05:45,322 --> 00:05:48,901 I mean this was 1900. 5 years after the birth of cinema. 100 00:05:48,910 --> 00:05:52,486 You can't walk into the chemist's shop and buy a movie camera to take home movies. 101 00:05:52,965 --> 00:05:56,925 Aged only 12, Colin built his first motion picture camera. 102 00:05:57,255 --> 00:05:59,925 Impatient with the hand crank technology at the time, 103 00:06:00,348 --> 00:06:03,098 Colin mechanized his camera with great ingenuity. 104 00:06:05,429 --> 00:06:07,759 When Colin rode the bicycle, his camera rolled, 105 00:06:08,050 --> 00:06:10,922 thus creating the cinema's first tracking shots. 106 00:06:15,415 --> 00:06:18,455 Colin's later attempt to mechanize a home-built projector 107 00:06:18,799 --> 00:06:21,767 lept way beyond pedal power. 108 00:06:24,443 --> 00:06:25,870 I don't know who else would have thought 109 00:06:25,880 --> 00:06:30,300 of using steam power to drive a projection system, but he did. And it worked! 110 00:06:30,305 --> 00:06:33,605 Well, he was clever enough to make his own film. 111 00:06:33,650 --> 00:06:38,120 He got flax seeds from down at the swamp at the back of the farm. 112 00:06:38,125 --> 00:06:42,035 And he boiled them and boiled them. Turned that into cellulose nitrate. 113 00:06:42,040 --> 00:06:45,420 And then he had to find something for the emulsion and he found eggs. 114 00:06:45,425 --> 00:06:47,950 Not eggs. Egg whites. 115 00:06:47,960 --> 00:06:51,280 He used the egg albumen process, which they used in the 19th century 116 00:06:51,287 --> 00:06:55,091 for making materials photosensitive. 117 00:06:55,712 --> 00:06:59,052 He adapted that, though, to use the moving images. 118 00:06:59,628 --> 00:07:03,008 The trouble was, that it took 12 eggs 119 00:07:03,366 --> 00:07:05,811 to make one minute of film. 120 00:07:06,011 --> 00:07:09,271 That's alright as long as he was making short films. 121 00:07:10,488 --> 00:07:12,778 Colin was caught red-handed. 122 00:07:13,789 --> 00:07:17,909 The precocious boy had been planning the world's first feature-length film. 123 00:07:18,391 --> 00:07:20,990 Colin's father flew into a rage. 124 00:07:20,995 --> 00:07:24,328 This was an affront to his dignity. 125 00:07:24,330 --> 00:07:28,500 He ranted and he raved, and he smashed up all of Colin's gear. 126 00:07:28,898 --> 00:07:30,898 Everything was destroyed. 127 00:07:31,199 --> 00:07:35,339 Everything. All his gear. Except the camera, which his clever mother had hidden. 128 00:07:36,549 --> 00:07:39,218 Living less than 50 miles from the McKenzie farm was 129 00:07:39,225 --> 00:07:43,940 someone who, like Colin, nursed extravagant dreams of invention. 130 00:07:43,278 --> 00:07:45,558 His name was Richard Pearse. 131 00:07:45,965 --> 00:07:48,227 In the early years of the century, 132 00:07:48,350 --> 00:07:50,970 Pearse constructed a crude flying machine 133 00:07:50,921 --> 00:07:53,001 and made several attempts to get airborne. 134 00:07:54,066 --> 00:07:57,611 Pearse's exploits have always been the subject of conjecture and legend. 135 00:07:58,070 --> 00:08:00,865 Some writers believe he flew before the Wright brothers. 136 00:08:01,282 --> 00:08:04,578 But no reliable proof has existed that he even got off the ground. 137 00:08:05,119 --> 00:08:06,536 Until now. 138 00:08:08,497 --> 00:08:11,042 Found among the films in the Colin McKenzie collection 139 00:08:11,050 --> 00:08:13,430 was an astounding cinematic record. 140 00:08:14,587 --> 00:08:16,427 Seen here, publicly, for the first time 141 00:08:16,193 --> 00:08:20,176 is a piece of film currently being examined by the Smithsonian Institute. 142 00:08:20,250 --> 00:08:24,500 A fragment of cinema that will forever rewrite aviation history. 143 00:08:27,600 --> 00:08:31,060 Minutes before takeoff, Colin positioned his camera above a wagon. 144 00:08:31,250 --> 00:08:32,500 And waited. 145 00:08:54,585 --> 00:08:59,048 Colin McKenzie's remarkable film contained yet another astonishing revelation. 146 00:09:00,591 --> 00:09:03,219 The man on the left has a newspaper in his pocket. 147 00:09:04,178 --> 00:09:07,306 Digital enhancement allows us to look closer. 148 00:09:12,186 --> 00:09:16,981 The Wright brothers historic flight at Kitty Hawk was not until December 17, 1903. 149 00:09:17,483 --> 00:09:19,568 Richard Pearse, a farmer from New Zealand, 150 00:09:19,609 --> 00:09:22,488 had beaten the Wright brothers into the air by nine months. 151 00:09:22,550 --> 00:09:25,782 But the thing that I find really funny is, if you examine the footage, 152 00:09:25,850 --> 00:09:29,730 He's flying straight at Colin McKenzie, who's filming it, and he 153 00:09:29,551 --> 00:09:32,998 has to swerve to avoid Colin and he crashes into the hedge. 154 00:09:33,050 --> 00:09:34,917 And if Colin had not been there, 155 00:09:34,920 --> 00:09:38,130 he probably would have flown a lot further and we would've all heard about it. 156 00:09:38,235 --> 00:09:40,605 His father confiscated the film. 157 00:09:41,507 --> 00:09:44,547 Forbade in his dual way 158 00:09:44,952 --> 00:09:50,056 the boy ever to have anything to do with this new-fangled filmmaking ever again. 159 00:09:53,018 --> 00:09:57,148 Aged only 15, Colin McKenzie ran away from home. 160 00:09:59,107 --> 00:10:01,695 New Zealand was growing into a prosperous dominion. 161 00:10:01,750 --> 00:10:05,072 Even the poorest members of society had some leisure time. 162 00:10:05,246 --> 00:10:08,534 and most of them chose to spend it at the pictures. 163 00:10:10,630 --> 00:10:14,330 Opportunities were plentiful for enthusiastic young men like Colin. 164 00:10:14,915 --> 00:10:17,334 In 1905, Brooke joined him 165 00:10:17,340 --> 00:10:20,170 to form the McKenzie Brothers Picture Company. 166 00:10:21,213 --> 00:10:24,925 Filming parades and weddings, the brothers rapidly amassed a small fortune. 167 00:10:25,301 --> 00:10:27,950 But Colin's dreams were more ambitious. 168 00:10:31,807 --> 00:10:33,597 At 84 minutes, "The Warrior Season" 169 00:10:33,257 --> 00:10:37,021 must now be acknowledged as the world's first feature-length film. 170 00:10:37,050 --> 00:10:41,901 But even more remarkably, it introduced a revolutionary technical innovation. 171 00:10:43,815 --> 00:10:47,239 By 1908, after three years of development, 172 00:10:47,250 --> 00:10:51,785 Colin McKenzie had perfected a way to record synchronized sound with pictures. 173 00:10:52,050 --> 00:10:53,330 Conventional film history tells us 174 00:10:53,322 --> 00:10:56,373 that Al Jolson sang in 1927 175 00:10:56,450 --> 00:11:00,195 and in "Old Arizona" you could here the sound of bacon frying. 176 00:11:00,200 --> 00:11:02,503 Well, that's the late '20s. Here in 1908, 177 00:11:02,704 --> 00:11:07,468 Colin McKenzie had figured out a way in making this epic, battle-torn film 178 00:11:09,553 --> 00:11:12,473 to have gun fire, to have horses' hoof beats. 179 00:11:12,473 --> 00:11:16,727 He recorded it all and it all came through. And, most of all, he had dialogue. 180 00:11:35,450 --> 00:11:37,206 He just forgot one thing: 181 00:11:37,206 --> 00:11:39,750 All of his subjects talking were Chinese. 182 00:11:39,750 --> 00:11:43,546 And while he figured out a way to record them, he didn't think of making subtitles. 183 00:11:43,546 --> 00:11:45,005 It was his fatal flaw. 184 00:11:52,304 --> 00:11:55,015 Audiences just walked out in droves. 185 00:11:55,349 --> 00:11:57,519 They couldn't understand a word. 186 00:11:57,163 --> 00:12:00,479 They were amused by the novelty for a few minutes of hearing sound, 187 00:12:00,479 --> 00:12:03,607 but then when they couldn't figure out what anybody was saying, they just lost interest. 188 00:12:04,233 --> 00:12:06,277 Disillusioned and financially crippled, 189 00:12:06,350 --> 00:12:09,488 Colin abandoned his recording experiments forever. 190 00:12:10,489 --> 00:12:13,033 He turned his attention from sound to pictures, 191 00:12:13,033 --> 00:12:16,121 becoming obsessed with the images themselves. 192 00:12:17,079 --> 00:12:20,249 In late March 1911, Colin succeeded in creating 193 00:12:19,967 --> 00:12:23,544 an emulsion that reacted to distinct wavelengths of light. 194 00:12:23,650 --> 00:12:26,110 Producing an effect very like color. 195 00:12:26,463 --> 00:12:28,373 There was only one problem: 196 00:12:28,047 --> 00:12:33,220 the key ingredient was photinia aquefolium, a berry found only in the islands of Tahiti. 197 00:12:34,556 --> 00:12:37,808 The McKenzie brothers wasted no time in packing their bags. 198 00:12:38,975 --> 00:12:42,438 What Colin and Brooke achieved in Tahiti was actually quite an extraordinary 199 00:12:42,438 --> 00:12:44,273 feat of chemical engineering. 200 00:12:44,273 --> 00:12:47,152 They take the berries, they boil them up, 201 00:12:47,182 --> 00:12:50,070 they go through this complicated process in a home-built laboratory 202 00:12:50,100 --> 00:12:51,238 under the palm trees. 203 00:12:51,739 --> 00:12:55,408 It takes him four and a half months to produce 22 seconds of film. 204 00:12:56,744 --> 00:13:00,457 Full of anticipation, Colin immediately embarked on a test. 205 00:13:02,458 --> 00:13:03,792 In this astonishing footage, 206 00:13:03,792 --> 00:13:06,503 Colin trains his lens on a colorful tropical scene. 207 00:13:06,550 --> 00:13:09,180 but his carefully-composed image is soon disrupted. 208 00:13:10,883 --> 00:13:13,843 He attempts to reframe, without success. 209 00:13:14,888 --> 00:13:17,768 The precious film rolls through his camera and runs out. 210 00:13:20,434 --> 00:13:23,645 Confident their technical breakthrough would restore their fortunes 211 00:13:23,675 --> 00:13:25,675 the brothers raced back to New Zealand. 212 00:13:26,690 --> 00:13:29,440 They quickly setup a screening for potential investors. 213 00:13:30,694 --> 00:13:33,405 But the reaction was to prove deeply disappointing. 214 00:13:36,700 --> 00:13:41,663 On June 9, 1912, they appeared before Justice McRobey in the Dunedin High Court. 215 00:13:42,122 --> 00:13:45,627 Colin and Brooke were charged with exhibiting a lewd document. 216 00:13:46,503 --> 00:13:49,505 An all male jury deliberated for 37 hours. 217 00:13:49,505 --> 00:13:54,134 Requesting repeat screenings of the film before delivering a guilty verdict. 218 00:13:54,635 --> 00:13:57,054 Colin and Brooke were jailed for 6 months. 219 00:13:57,850 --> 00:13:59,520 With hard labor. 220 00:14:02,393 --> 00:14:06,480 Upon their release, the brothers returned home, to their mother, in disgrace. 221 00:14:07,689 --> 00:14:10,776 What seems to have happened then is really a transition in Colin. 222 00:14:10,776 --> 00:14:14,279 Up until this point in his career he had been interested in the technicalities of filmmaking. 223 00:14:14,279 --> 00:14:18,868 He'd experimented with building cameras, with sound, with color. 224 00:14:18,868 --> 00:14:21,912 And now, really for the first time, I think 225 00:14:21,912 --> 00:14:25,082 Colin started to think about the artistic uses of film. 226 00:14:25,082 --> 00:14:29,210 He wanted to produce, on film, something that was going to have a message for people. 227 00:14:29,210 --> 00:14:32,970 And he turned to the source of all great messages. 228 00:14:37,303 --> 00:14:40,639 Colin became fascinated by one Bible story in particular. 229 00:14:40,639 --> 00:14:43,851 Soon he announced his intention to make a 20 minute film 230 00:14:43,851 --> 00:14:47,311 based on the tale of Salome and John the Baptist. 231 00:14:50,023 --> 00:14:52,694 Colin's adaptation was loose and imaginative. 232 00:14:52,694 --> 00:14:55,362 Colin himself took the role of the Baptist. 233 00:14:57,281 --> 00:15:01,035 Brooke was chosen to play Narraboth, Herod's handsome captain of guards. 234 00:15:01,035 --> 00:15:04,788 Colin's biggest problem was finding a young woman to play Salome. 235 00:15:04,788 --> 00:15:07,332 All the girls round about had been warned off 236 00:15:07,332 --> 00:15:11,502 by their fathers, outraged by the scandal he'd been involved in. 237 00:15:13,172 --> 00:15:17,509 And the girls who did show up were certainly not suitable. 238 00:15:22,806 --> 00:15:24,141 And then 239 00:15:24,558 --> 00:15:26,643 He saw Maybelle. 240 00:15:28,020 --> 00:15:30,020 She took his breath away. 241 00:15:31,356 --> 00:15:35,486 Even before he realized what was happening, Colin was in love. 242 00:15:38,405 --> 00:15:40,617 He told no one of his feelings. 243 00:15:45,871 --> 00:15:48,831 Maybelle proved to be an excellent actress. 244 00:15:49,249 --> 00:15:52,209 The chemistry between her and Brooke was electric. 245 00:15:53,045 --> 00:15:54,963 They lit up the screen. 246 00:15:56,840 --> 00:16:01,637 Besotted with Maybelle, Colin moved his camera nearer and nearer to her. 247 00:16:01,637 --> 00:16:04,389 In the process, he invented the close-up. 248 00:16:05,057 --> 00:16:06,642 But no matter how close he got, 249 00:16:06,672 --> 00:16:09,810 Colin failed to see what had developed right under his nose. 250 00:16:11,855 --> 00:16:15,483 Brooke and Maybelle had genuinely fallen in love. 251 00:16:17,277 --> 00:16:21,156 Concealing his bitterness, Colin toasted the happy couple and wished them well. 252 00:16:21,156 --> 00:16:24,076 But a few days later, on the pretext of exhaustion, 253 00:16:24,076 --> 00:16:26,246 he suspended filming. 254 00:16:26,246 --> 00:16:30,040 The adjournment was to last longer than anyone expected. 255 00:16:34,127 --> 00:16:37,667 The onset of The Great War led to a huge outpouring 256 00:16:36,726 --> 00:16:39,633 of patriotic sentiment in the colonies of the British empire. 257 00:16:40,508 --> 00:16:44,304 You men rushed to enlist, eager to do their bit for King and country. 258 00:16:45,305 --> 00:16:47,474 Amongst them was Brooke McKenzie. 259 00:16:47,891 --> 00:16:51,561 He and Maybelle had been married only three weeks when he joined up. 260 00:16:51,728 --> 00:16:56,650 Colin tried to enlist too, but he had flat feet and was classified unfit. 261 00:16:56,775 --> 00:16:59,069 He farewelled his brother with a heavy heart. 262 00:17:00,946 --> 00:17:04,157 Brooke McKenzie was part of the first New Zealand expeditionary force 263 00:17:04,157 --> 00:17:07,869 that landed at Gallipoli on April 25, 1915. 264 00:17:08,579 --> 00:17:13,750 He came armed not only with a rifle, but a lightweight camera, built by Colin. 265 00:17:16,962 --> 00:17:18,922 Here, seen for the very first time, 266 00:17:18,922 --> 00:17:23,302 is the only motion picture film shot by a New Zealander at Gallipoli. 267 00:17:23,719 --> 00:17:26,930 Brooke's camera focuses not on battles or explosions, 268 00:17:26,930 --> 00:17:29,224 but on the human face of the warfare. 269 00:17:29,254 --> 00:17:32,185 On his comrades of the Otago Mounted Rifles 270 00:17:32,215 --> 00:17:35,731 and their daily lives during the early weeks of this tragic campaign. 271 00:17:45,616 --> 00:17:47,534 On June 11, 1915, 272 00:17:47,534 --> 00:17:51,038 Brooke McKenzie was hit by sniper fire at Quinn's Post. 273 00:17:51,500 --> 00:17:54,291 He was carried by donkey down to the beach dressing station. 274 00:17:54,321 --> 00:17:57,210 where he died, that night, of his wounds. 275 00:18:04,426 --> 00:18:07,095 Maybelle was hit hard by the news. 276 00:18:07,095 --> 00:18:09,097 She gave herself up to grief. 277 00:18:13,894 --> 00:18:16,064 It was Colin's blackest moment. 278 00:18:16,064 --> 00:18:19,775 He fell into a severe depression, unable to work or sleep. 279 00:18:19,775 --> 00:18:21,443 He'd lost his brother. 280 00:18:21,903 --> 00:18:25,489 He'd lost his partner and so many things they'd done together. 281 00:18:25,489 --> 00:18:27,866 It was a terrible time for Colin. 282 00:18:28,575 --> 00:18:31,870 Later that year, Colin McKenzie disappeared. 283 00:18:33,455 --> 00:18:35,540 He was last seen high on the Lewis Pass, 284 00:18:35,540 --> 00:18:38,543 walking alone towards the rugged west coast. 285 00:18:43,839 --> 00:18:48,011 At the 11th hour on the 11th day of the 11th month, 1918, 286 00:18:48,011 --> 00:18:49,596 the Great War ended. 287 00:18:49,596 --> 00:18:53,725 After an absence of 3 years, Colin McKenzie returned from the West Coast, 288 00:18:53,725 --> 00:18:56,228 and made an astonishing announcement. 289 00:18:56,350 --> 00:18:58,140 He would resume production of Salome, 290 00:18:58,438 --> 00:19:01,400 only this time he would work on a massive scale. 291 00:19:01,693 --> 00:19:05,070 The film would become a four-hour epic with a cast of thousands. 292 00:19:05,070 --> 00:19:08,198 a spectacular monument to his late brother's memory. 293 00:19:08,699 --> 00:19:13,495 With evangelical fervor, Colin McKenzie gathered together a small army of extras 294 00:19:13,495 --> 00:19:15,497 and headed back into the hills. 295 00:19:15,497 --> 00:19:19,501 Between the years 1915 and 1918, he basically vanished off the face of the Earth. 296 00:19:21,001 --> 00:19:23,921 There's one clue, however. In his collection of films 297 00:19:23,921 --> 00:19:27,175 there's a tiny snippet that is dated 1917 298 00:19:27,175 --> 00:19:31,805 and it shows a construction of some sort going up in the hills. 299 00:19:31,805 --> 00:19:33,975 And what we now believe happened was that he retreated 300 00:19:33,975 --> 00:19:38,271 into the most remote part of the country and he built a huge city. 301 00:19:38,271 --> 00:19:42,815 This was the biggest man-made structure ever to be built in this country. 302 00:19:43,250 --> 00:19:46,210 After days traveling through tough and inhospitable terrain, 303 00:19:46,695 --> 00:19:50,239 Colin McKenzie's extras were confronted with an incredible sight. 304 00:19:51,116 --> 00:19:52,700 Nestled in a hidden valley, 305 00:19:52,700 --> 00:19:56,955 covering an area the size of 7 football fields, was a vast Biblical city. 306 00:19:57,080 --> 00:20:00,083 A fanciful recreation of ancient Jerusalem. 307 00:20:00,113 --> 00:20:02,251 With its richly-detailed market squares, 308 00:20:02,251 --> 00:20:05,963 grand staircases, and temples towering hundreds of feet into the air, 309 00:20:05,963 --> 00:20:10,051 This was to be the setting of the greatest motion picture ever shot in New Zealand. 310 00:20:11,470 --> 00:20:14,681 Early in 1994, a decision was made to mount a search 311 00:20:14,681 --> 00:20:17,471 for the location of Colin McKenzie's lost city. 312 00:20:17,471 --> 00:20:22,601 Yeah, that could mean that it's in an area where the vegetation kinda grows quickly. 313 00:20:23,023 --> 00:20:25,484 Because, you know, what better way to hide a place like this 314 00:20:25,484 --> 00:20:28,444 than for the jungle and for the bush to grow back over it. 315 00:20:28,444 --> 00:20:31,615 Yeah, it's likely to be in quite a sort of narrow valley. 316 00:20:36,286 --> 00:20:39,331 An isolated valley, three days' tramp from Hokitika 317 00:20:39,361 --> 00:20:42,542 was chosen as the most promising area for the search. 318 00:20:50,051 --> 00:20:53,346 The team headed into the primordial west coast bush. 319 00:20:53,346 --> 00:20:57,808 Deep into the last great unexplored region of forest in ​​New Zealand. 320 00:21:02,062 --> 00:21:04,438 On February 22, 1919 321 00:21:04,438 --> 00:21:07,358 filming commenced on the new version of Salome. 322 00:21:08,150 --> 00:21:11,196 Colin was ready for the great task that lay ahead. 323 00:21:11,613 --> 00:21:16,326 In his mind's eye, he saw his film as it would be, imagining every detail 324 00:21:16,326 --> 00:21:19,246 with a clarity of vision he had never experienced before. 325 00:21:19,496 --> 00:21:21,666 Maybelle resumed her role of Salome. 326 00:21:22,250 --> 00:21:26,962 Channeling her grief into a creative energy that delivered the performance of a lifetime. 327 00:21:28,337 --> 00:21:31,800 But after 5 days of frenzied shooting, the production stalled. 328 00:21:32,800 --> 00:21:35,262 Colin McKenzie had run out of money. 329 00:21:36,136 --> 00:21:38,558 The disappointed extras returned home. 330 00:21:38,974 --> 00:21:40,684 Colin promised that filming would resume 331 00:21:40,684 --> 00:21:42,684 as soon as he had secured a source of finance. 332 00:21:43,979 --> 00:21:47,815 In the event, the money he needed would come from an unusual alliance. 333 00:21:47,815 --> 00:21:50,776 I first heard of Colin McKenzie at The Film Unit when I worked there. 334 00:21:50,776 --> 00:21:54,780 And there was an old chap there, called Stan Wilson, who worked in the laboratory. 335 00:21:55,156 --> 00:21:57,618 And it was always rumored that Stan had been a little bit damaged 336 00:21:57,618 --> 00:21:59,870 by chemicals that were no longer used in the laboratory. 337 00:21:59,870 --> 00:22:03,206 He was the last of the damaged technicians, poor old Stan, 338 00:22:03,206 --> 00:22:07,502 but he was a lovely old bloke, and good to have a yarn with over afternoon tea 339 00:22:07,502 --> 00:22:10,171 and he'd talk about the early days of cinema in New Zealand. 340 00:22:10,838 --> 00:22:13,799 He would often mention a fellow called Colin McKenzie, 341 00:22:13,799 --> 00:22:16,386 who none of us knew anything about. 342 00:22:17,161 --> 00:22:19,991 Stan Wilson came from a rich family of shopkeepers. 343 00:22:20,514 --> 00:22:23,727 He was a stage clown who dreamed of fame in silent pictures. 344 00:22:23,852 --> 00:22:28,231 In 1921, he approached Colin and asked him to film one of his vaudeville routines 345 00:22:28,231 --> 00:22:29,857 and he was willing to pay for it. 346 00:22:32,302 --> 00:22:34,279 The storyline took an unexpected turn 347 00:22:34,279 --> 00:22:37,240 when a passing schoolgirl stepped in front of the camera. 348 00:22:37,240 --> 00:22:40,660 In my innocent kid's way, I went over. 349 00:22:40,660 --> 00:22:44,122 Probably told him I didn't think it was very funny. 350 00:22:44,122 --> 00:22:47,606 And he didn't like that one little bit and suddenly he lashed out. 351 00:22:48,209 --> 00:22:50,712 Smacked me right across the face. 352 00:22:51,282 --> 00:22:54,548 I gave him a darn good kick on the shins, I remember that. 353 00:22:54,548 --> 00:22:57,677 The I burst into tears and cried all the way home. 354 00:22:59,204 --> 00:23:03,935 Nobody said anything at the time, but when they showed it to an audience the next day, 355 00:23:04,558 --> 00:23:09,689 The audience only laughed when he hit the child. 356 00:23:09,689 --> 00:23:17,154 And Stan insisted they keep this violence against the innocent in everything they did 357 00:23:17,154 --> 00:23:19,154 forever and a day. 358 00:23:20,711 --> 00:23:24,621 Well, "Stan the Man" was a pathetically unfunny screen comedian. 359 00:23:24,621 --> 00:23:28,083 But he has a sort of a niche, a footnote in film history, for one thing 360 00:23:28,083 --> 00:23:30,585 which he did in collaboration with Colin McKenzie, 361 00:23:30,585 --> 00:23:33,129 which was kind-of a Candid Camera approach 362 00:23:33,258 --> 00:23:34,888 to silent comedy. 363 00:23:35,174 --> 00:23:38,093 He would pull these pranks, which were not usually very funny, 364 00:23:38,433 --> 00:23:40,353 but they were completely spontaneous 365 00:23:40,641 --> 00:23:44,558 and he would surprise innocent people, usually to their dismay 366 00:23:44,900 --> 00:23:49,570 and Colin would be filming it with another of his inventions: a suitcase camera. 367 00:23:50,023 --> 00:23:52,565 So that it was actually unrehearsed and spontaneous. 368 00:23:52,565 --> 00:23:56,112 Now, of course, it didn't take Colin much time away from Salome to do these because 369 00:23:56,112 --> 00:23:58,029 they would all be done in one take. 370 00:23:59,238 --> 00:24:00,907 They would go around the country 371 00:24:00,907 --> 00:24:04,285 and make a different film in different towns, you know. 372 00:24:04,285 --> 00:24:07,455 They'd go to Taihape and make "Stan the Man in Taihape" or 373 00:24:07,485 --> 00:24:09,583 "Stan the Man in Palmy North" 374 00:24:10,291 --> 00:24:14,588 And show it, a week later, after Colin had done all the editing and so-on 375 00:24:15,170 --> 00:24:19,010 in the town hall and collect bags of cash. 376 00:24:19,606 --> 00:24:23,316 Regularly, Colin would take the money he earned from the "Stan the Man" comedies 377 00:24:23,687 --> 00:24:27,647 and go up into the mountains and continue his first love, of course, which was Salome. 378 00:24:27,850 --> 00:24:31,856 Armed with 1700 pounds, the profits from the first "Stan the Man" comedies, 379 00:24:31,856 --> 00:24:35,191 Colin returned to his Biblical city with the cast of Salome. 380 00:24:36,152 --> 00:24:39,442 Unfortunately, before the cameras could roll, the heavens opened, 381 00:24:39,515 --> 00:24:43,073 marking the beginning of a seemingly endless deluge. 382 00:24:43,534 --> 00:24:47,374 The west coast recorded its highest rainfall figures in 30 years. 383 00:24:48,001 --> 00:24:48,921 In six weeks, 384 00:24:49,397 --> 00:24:52,107 Colin shot only 3 minutes of film. 385 00:24:53,999 --> 00:24:55,459 There was only one bright spot in the gloom. 386 00:24:56,779 --> 00:25:00,159 Maybelle's affection for Colin was growing. 387 00:25:03,506 --> 00:25:04,886 His finances exhausted, 388 00:25:05,339 --> 00:25:08,767 Colin reluctantly resumed his partnership with "Stan the Man". 389 00:25:15,366 --> 00:25:19,276 The following summer, Colin returned to the mountains, and Salome. 390 00:25:19,769 --> 00:25:22,769 It was the hottest summer in 30 years. 391 00:25:23,050 --> 00:25:25,824 Dozens of extras were felled by heatstroke. 392 00:25:26,310 --> 00:25:28,190 They demanded more money. 393 00:25:28,695 --> 00:25:30,285 There was none to give. 394 00:25:31,350 --> 00:25:32,707 With a heavy heart, 395 00:25:32,707 --> 00:25:36,795 Colin McKenzie returned to his only dependable source of finance. 396 00:25:47,854 --> 00:25:51,644 Stan the Man finally pushed his luck too far one day in Buller. 397 00:25:53,893 --> 00:25:56,473 The day's shooting started normally enough for Stan and Colin. 398 00:26:02,276 --> 00:26:04,736 By lunchtime, Stan was hitting his stride. 399 00:26:05,962 --> 00:26:10,512 But at 3:30 that afternoon, Stan 'the Man' Wilson was to learn a hard lesson. 400 00:26:12,439 --> 00:26:17,189 Stan spots a fresh victim. A dignified-looking gentleman standing alone with his wife. 401 00:26:19,821 --> 00:26:24,651 Unfortunately, he fails to recognize Gordon Coates, the Prime Minister of New Zealand. 402 00:26:34,670 --> 00:26:37,920 Exhibiting a steely nerve that would serve him well in later life, 403 00:26:38,273 --> 00:26:41,323 Colin continues filming with his suitcase camera. 404 00:26:47,571 --> 00:26:51,861 Stan was in the wrong place, at the wrong time, with the wrong sense of humor. 405 00:26:53,996 --> 00:26:56,586 But what happened was, since Colin was filming all of this, 406 00:26:57,120 --> 00:27:00,421 it was sort of a forerunner of the Rodney King tape. 407 00:27:00,462 --> 00:27:02,882 Sixty years before that ever came to light 408 00:27:03,201 --> 00:27:06,831 because he had evidence of all these Secret-Service-type policemen 409 00:27:07,939 --> 00:27:11,264 beating the living daylights out of poor Stan the Man. 410 00:27:12,150 --> 00:27:15,059 "Stan the Man in Buller" was Stan Wilson and Colin McKenzie's 411 00:27:15,059 --> 00:27:16,936 greatest commercial success. 412 00:27:16,966 --> 00:27:19,189 It went straight to Stan's head. 413 00:27:19,622 --> 00:27:21,752 Well Stan, misguided soul that he was, 414 00:27:22,048 --> 00:27:26,651 thought that the notoriety of "Stan the Man in Buller" was due to his talent. 415 00:27:26,651 --> 00:27:30,408 He didn't understand that it was sort of a piece of news. 416 00:27:30,408 --> 00:27:33,698 You know, an incredible actuality 417 00:27:32,950 --> 00:27:35,870 involving the Prime Minister and all the government police. 418 00:27:36,210 --> 00:27:40,210 So he got it into his head that this would be his ticket to Hollywood. 419 00:27:40,210 --> 00:27:46,380 Because the film, in fact, was shown in America and got him a small, brief, bit of notoriety. 420 00:27:46,591 --> 00:27:49,511 So he came to Hollywood thinking that he'd be greeted with open arms 421 00:27:49,511 --> 00:27:51,551 and would be perhaps the next Chaplin. 422 00:27:52,193 --> 00:27:56,493 What he was, was the next unknown standing on a line to get a job. 423 00:27:58,660 --> 00:28:00,960 Despite the end of their lucrative association. 424 00:28:01,617 --> 00:28:04,944 Colin was secretly pleased to see the back of Stan Wilson. 425 00:28:07,042 --> 00:28:09,752 Colin's personal life, at least, was more settled. 426 00:28:10,082 --> 00:28:13,882 On December 4, 1926, he married Maybelle. 427 00:28:18,246 --> 00:28:20,586 Hey, look, there's a bottle! 428 00:28:20,616 --> 00:28:22,794 What? - Bottle. 429 00:28:25,629 --> 00:28:29,634 About the right period too. It's got that moulded sort of feel to it. 430 00:28:29,664 --> 00:28:31,803 That's the way they made bottles back in those days. 431 00:28:33,282 --> 00:28:36,402 The finding of a bottle encouraged the searchers. 432 00:28:39,228 --> 00:28:43,815 A disintegrating wagon found nearby seemed to confirm their excitement. 433 00:28:43,815 --> 00:28:45,815 Let's just get a photo of this. - I'll get it. 434 00:28:46,652 --> 00:28:48,945 Hey, Johnny, what sort of period do you reckon this is? 435 00:28:51,050 --> 00:28:53,908 More discoveries were to come. - We've got a road up here. 436 00:28:53,993 --> 00:28:56,203 Come take a look at this, Pete. - Look at that. 437 00:28:57,252 --> 00:28:59,002 What in the hell's a road doing here? 438 00:28:59,293 --> 00:29:01,213 After days of fruitless searching, 439 00:29:01,511 --> 00:29:04,841 would this road lead the team to Colin McKenzie's lost city? 440 00:29:04,841 --> 00:29:06,841 It keeps on going down here. 441 00:29:08,800 --> 00:29:11,259 So, is there any road here at all? - No! 442 00:29:11,882 --> 00:29:14,472 No road there and no reason for a road. 443 00:29:16,495 --> 00:29:20,035 Colin's efforts to raise funds for Salome all proved futile. 444 00:29:20,400 --> 00:29:24,700 He approached local impresarios and captains of industry without success. 445 00:29:25,180 --> 00:29:28,760 Ultimately, the backing he needed so desperately would come from Hollywood. 446 00:29:29,168 --> 00:29:31,048 and a producer named Rex Solomon. 447 00:29:31,344 --> 00:29:35,014 Rex Solomon was a self-made man who became a millionaire, 448 00:29:35,426 --> 00:29:38,466 oddly enough, by selling Bibles and Bible paraphernalia. 449 00:29:38,810 --> 00:29:41,331 And was very devout and very sincere 450 00:29:41,331 --> 00:29:45,131 in his beliefs and in his interests in the Bible and religion. 451 00:29:46,328 --> 00:29:49,918 By 1929, Solomon's studio, "Majestic Lion Pictures", 452 00:29:50,326 --> 00:29:52,326 was turning out a dozen pictures a year, 453 00:29:52,628 --> 00:29:54,708 all drawn from the Bible. 454 00:29:55,876 --> 00:29:58,716 Colin McKenzie knew the financier's business reputation 455 00:29:59,052 --> 00:30:01,132 He was determined to meet with him. 456 00:30:01,225 --> 00:30:02,685 They met quite by chance 457 00:30:03,613 --> 00:30:06,493 when Solomon went on a fishing expedition to New Zealand. 458 00:30:06,550 --> 00:30:09,233 McKenzie had already been making, or trying to make, 459 00:30:09,233 --> 00:30:12,570 his epic film of Salome for 5 years when he met Rex Solomon 460 00:30:12,570 --> 00:30:14,490 and this was just propitious timing 461 00:30:14,474 --> 00:30:19,144 because Solomon looked at it, realized the potential of the film, and decided to back it. 462 00:30:19,555 --> 00:30:24,158 and put his not inconsiderable funds behind Colin McKenzie to get the film completed. 463 00:30:24,158 --> 00:30:26,658 The paperwork was completed with little formality. 464 00:30:26,979 --> 00:30:30,322 Solomon agreed to a total budget of £100,000 465 00:30:30,322 --> 00:30:33,612 immediately advancing one quarter of this in cash. 466 00:30:34,321 --> 00:30:36,531 15,000 extras were hired. 467 00:30:37,142 --> 00:30:40,392 Men, women, and children were recruited from all around the district. 468 00:30:42,526 --> 00:30:45,019 With the fervor of a general waging a campaign, 469 00:30:45,019 --> 00:30:49,065 Colin assembled and rehearsed his extras for the biggest scene of his career. 470 00:30:49,065 --> 00:30:51,605 A spectacular battle between Herod's troops 471 00:30:51,949 --> 00:30:55,079 and a rag-tag army of messianic fundamentalists. 472 00:30:55,469 --> 00:30:59,389 This single sequence swallowed the entire £25,000 advance. 473 00:31:00,634 --> 00:31:02,724 But Colin was undeterred. 474 00:31:03,070 --> 00:31:05,150 Rex Solomon was a rich man. 475 00:31:12,000 --> 00:31:14,510 On a single day in October 1929, 476 00:31:15,007 --> 00:31:17,845 Rex Solomon lost his entire fortune. 477 00:31:18,802 --> 00:31:21,722 It was no less a disaster for Colin McKenzie. 478 00:31:22,389 --> 00:31:24,934 For once, however, luck was on his side. 479 00:31:27,603 --> 00:31:31,273 As capitalism crumbled on Wall Street, 480 00:31:28,821 --> 00:31:31,606 halfway across the globe Communism was about to flex its muscle. 481 00:31:32,550 --> 00:31:36,350 Soviet leader, Joseph Stalin introduced a propaganda drive. 482 00:31:36,381 --> 00:31:40,074 The spirit of the revolution was to be spread throughout the capitalist West 483 00:31:40,074 --> 00:31:42,414 by any means necessary. 484 00:31:43,827 --> 00:31:46,789 This it was, in 1930, that Colin received a deputation 485 00:31:46,789 --> 00:31:49,350 from the New Zealand Communist Party. 486 00:31:50,407 --> 00:31:55,715 These documents record a transaction which took place in October 1930 487 00:31:55,353 --> 00:31:58,342 between my government and Colin McKenzie. 488 00:31:58,342 --> 00:32:00,342 The agreement was that the money 489 00:32:00,788 --> 00:32:05,057 was going to be used for the completion of the revolutionary epic 490 00:32:05,214 --> 00:32:09,145 documenting the class struggles of ancient times. 491 00:32:09,145 --> 00:32:11,105 Leading a new army of extras, 492 00:32:11,105 --> 00:32:14,817 Colin returned to the city he had built on the west coast. 493 00:32:15,359 --> 00:32:17,862 But the Soviet's cash had strings attached: 494 00:32:17,862 --> 00:32:19,572 Colin was forced to removed all religious references from his Biblical epic. 495 00:32:22,618 --> 00:32:25,078 The Baptist became a socialist dissident. 496 00:32:25,078 --> 00:32:27,458 Herod became a fascist money lender. 497 00:32:27,497 --> 00:32:31,752 While Salome became a prostitute who abandons her evil ways 498 00:32:31,752 --> 00:32:34,630 and learns the skills of collective bargaining. 499 00:32:35,546 --> 00:32:38,926 Colin hated the new version. Loathed it. Despised it. 500 00:32:40,009 --> 00:32:42,049 Barely took it seriously. 501 00:32:42,386 --> 00:32:45,640 What he was doing was making two versions: 502 00:32:45,640 --> 00:32:48,519 one for him and one for the Soviets. 503 00:32:48,948 --> 00:32:52,104 So, if he took 5 takes for him, 504 00:32:52,355 --> 00:32:55,107 one would do for the Soviets. 505 00:32:57,150 --> 00:32:59,310 As Salome neared completion, 506 00:32:59,412 --> 00:33:01,072 Colin and Maybelle were overjoyed 507 00:33:01,072 --> 00:33:03,950 to discover they were expecting their first child. 508 00:33:04,150 --> 00:33:07,190 However, a bomb shell was in store. 509 00:33:07,409 --> 00:33:10,054 Early in 1931, Colin received a telegram 510 00:33:10,054 --> 00:33:12,184 from the Palermo Motion Picture Company. 511 00:33:13,050 --> 00:33:16,140 The Palermo brothers were ruthless and unscrupulous money men 512 00:33:16,450 --> 00:33:20,080 who now owned Rex Solomon's assets, including Salome. 513 00:33:20,551 --> 00:33:24,221 They demanded immediate delivery of the unfinished film. 514 00:33:25,012 --> 00:33:27,807 The Soviet investors, too, were growing impatient 515 00:33:27,837 --> 00:33:30,184 and their threats were equally intimidating. 516 00:33:31,515 --> 00:33:36,190 Working under conditions of unbelievable pressure, Colin raced to finish Salome. 517 00:33:37,857 --> 00:33:39,611 Barely pausing to eat or sleep 518 00:33:39,611 --> 00:33:42,231 he worked his cast and crew into the ground. 519 00:33:42,697 --> 00:33:44,031 To make matters worse, 520 00:33:44,031 --> 00:33:46,325 the Palermo brothers had arrived in New Zealand 521 00:33:46,325 --> 00:33:47,951 and they were searching for Colin. 522 00:33:48,829 --> 00:33:51,330 Desperate to finish the last 20 shots of Salome, 523 00:33:51,330 --> 00:33:54,580 Colin worked his crew for 72 hours non-stop. 524 00:33:55,225 --> 00:33:59,715 He failed to realize the terrible toll the stress of filming was taking on Maybelle. 525 00:34:00,463 --> 00:34:04,343 With one shot left to shoot, Maybelle collapsed. 526 00:34:06,304 --> 00:34:09,891 Maybelle went into early and violent labor. 527 00:34:10,265 --> 00:34:12,934 Nobody could stop the bleeding. 528 00:34:13,436 --> 00:34:18,231 The child, a boy, had no chance. And neither did she. 529 00:34:18,883 --> 00:34:21,513 The both died in Colin's arms. 530 00:34:29,750 --> 00:34:34,630 Colin was torn between guilt and despair. 531 00:34:34,481 --> 00:34:36,417 Guilt over Maybelle 532 00:34:36,417 --> 00:34:41,421 and despair because he'd finished the film, but at what a cost. 533 00:34:42,756 --> 00:34:44,176 And besides all that, 534 00:34:44,508 --> 00:34:47,803 He was afraid that Palermo Pictures or the Soviets 535 00:34:47,803 --> 00:34:50,013 would claim Salome. 536 00:34:51,599 --> 00:34:55,227 He made a very drastic decision: 537 00:34:56,154 --> 00:35:01,943 He took all the film - cans and cans of it - and buried it 538 00:35:01,943 --> 00:35:04,655 right after he buried his family. 539 00:35:04,850 --> 00:35:10,576 After the death of Maybelle, Colin had only one thing on his mind: escape. 540 00:35:11,787 --> 00:35:13,871 On July 27, 1931, 541 00:35:13,871 --> 00:35:17,918 Colin McKenzie sailed away from New Zealand, never to return. 542 00:35:27,993 --> 00:35:31,638 There's some concrete down underneath here. Look, look, look! 543 00:35:32,598 --> 00:35:35,434 Look, Johnny! There's some steps. 544 00:35:35,464 --> 00:35:37,450 Look, see? Steps. 545 00:35:37,950 --> 00:35:40,950 73 miles from civilization, the team had found a grand concrete stair. 546 00:35:43,526 --> 00:35:45,576 Here were ruined arches. 547 00:35:46,779 --> 00:35:49,532 What's it look made of? - And fallen columns. 548 00:35:51,742 --> 00:35:55,955 All around was the crumbling debris of a huge man-made structure. 549 00:35:56,350 --> 00:35:59,150 But the extent of the find was still unclear. 550 00:36:00,350 --> 00:36:01,961 Working at fever pitch, 551 00:36:01,961 --> 00:36:04,505 the searchers began attacking the dense vegetation, 552 00:36:04,505 --> 00:36:07,633 eager to discover the secrets which lay beneath. 553 00:36:09,050 --> 00:36:14,223 After a week of solid effort, the team's work was starting to pay off. 554 00:36:23,690 --> 00:36:27,570 Colin disembarked into the heat and bustle of Algiers in 1931. 555 00:36:27,900 --> 00:36:30,156 Notorious as a haven for vice and corruption, 556 00:36:30,156 --> 00:36:33,869 North Africa was the perfect place for a man who did not want to be found. 557 00:36:35,350 --> 00:36:38,788 At the age of 43, Colin McKenzie, bought his first drink. 558 00:36:38,788 --> 00:36:42,417 and began a lost weekend that that would continue over five years. 559 00:36:44,128 --> 00:36:47,423 He might have easily ended his days in an African prison or hospital, 560 00:36:47,423 --> 00:36:49,842 had it not been a accident of fate. 561 00:36:53,262 --> 00:36:56,474 In 1936, the military garrison in Spanish Morocco 562 00:36:56,474 --> 00:36:59,064 mutinied against the Republican government. 563 00:37:01,587 --> 00:37:04,023 That revolt was to escalate into the bloody struggle 564 00:37:04,023 --> 00:37:06,859 we know today as the Spanish Civil War. 565 00:37:12,323 --> 00:37:14,658 Newsreel crews flock to the scene. 566 00:37:14,658 --> 00:37:16,660 Amongst them was Colin McKenzie, 567 00:37:16,660 --> 00:37:19,454 determined to regain his self-worth. 568 00:37:20,750 --> 00:37:23,166 Colin was not the only New Zealanders in Spain: 569 00:37:23,166 --> 00:37:26,170 A young nurse from Auckland named Hannah Simpson was there, 570 00:37:26,170 --> 00:37:27,963 working for the Red Cross. 571 00:37:27,963 --> 00:37:33,260 Colin came in with a small shrapnel wound, just needed a few stitches, 572 00:37:33,803 --> 00:37:35,433 but he hung about. 573 00:37:36,013 --> 00:37:39,893 And I kept watching. There was something special about this man. 574 00:37:41,980 --> 00:37:46,315 And we began to talk about New Zealand. It was a long time since he'd been there. 575 00:37:46,315 --> 00:37:51,362 And it all came out! His whole life, he told me about. 576 00:37:51,362 --> 00:37:54,156 We scarcely ever were apart. 577 00:37:54,532 --> 00:37:57,034 He was twice my age, 578 00:37:57,410 --> 00:38:01,038 but that seemed to have no significance at all. 579 00:38:01,914 --> 00:38:07,253 I'd just seemed to have found someone who understood me completely. 580 00:38:07,283 --> 00:38:09,130 As I understood him. 581 00:38:09,130 --> 00:38:13,430 There was no time for a honeymoon. Colin left next day for the front. 582 00:38:14,176 --> 00:38:17,930 I mean, it's so frustrating that the trail runs cold at the end of 1937. 583 00:38:17,930 --> 00:38:20,348 We have one last photograph of Colin McKenzie, 584 00:38:20,348 --> 00:38:22,142 which is of him and the troops. 585 00:38:23,562 --> 00:38:26,229 We've faxed and telephoned every film archive, 586 00:38:26,229 --> 00:38:30,901 every film museum, reference house - all around the world - that we can think of 587 00:38:30,901 --> 00:38:33,654 and the name of Colin McKenzie just doesn't surface anywhere. 588 00:38:33,654 --> 00:38:35,698 I mean, he just vanishes off the face of the Earth. 589 00:38:47,294 --> 00:38:51,838 Colin McKenzie's lost city has been released from the strangle hold of the western bush. 590 00:38:52,073 --> 00:38:55,509 The searchers were stunned by the enormity of Colin's vision. 591 00:38:55,717 --> 00:38:58,717 But the site had not yet given up all of its secrets. 592 00:39:07,182 --> 00:39:10,190 Under the remains of a ruined temple, marked with the sign of Taurus, 593 00:39:10,190 --> 00:39:12,902 was the entrance to an underground passage. 594 00:39:16,480 --> 00:39:19,020 The tunnel led to a hidden vault. 595 00:39:23,628 --> 00:39:27,258 Inside was a sight to rival the most opulant Egyptian tomb. 596 00:39:28,247 --> 00:39:30,252 Massive statues, 597 00:39:30,808 --> 00:39:33,923 exquisite handmade costumes and elaborate props, 598 00:39:34,494 --> 00:39:36,914 finely-crafted swords and shields, 599 00:39:37,627 --> 00:39:39,970 Laying undisturbed for 60 years. 600 00:39:39,970 --> 00:39:43,600 This was Colin McKenzie's storeroom for the production of Salome. 601 00:39:43,835 --> 00:39:47,345 But his greatest treasure surpassed all ends. 602 00:39:49,940 --> 00:39:53,193 Here we go. And 3, 2, 1... 603 00:40:00,641 --> 00:40:02,641 Hey! Bingo! 604 00:40:00,641 --> 00:40:03,101 The crypt held thousands of feet of processed film 605 00:40:03,452 --> 00:40:05,162 in hundreds of cans. 606 00:40:05,440 --> 00:40:06,538 It was all there. 607 00:40:06,982 --> 00:40:10,112 Every scene Colin had shot for Salome. 608 00:40:11,324 --> 00:40:14,664 Colin would have wanted Salome to be finished. 609 00:40:15,885 --> 00:40:20,895 He was so afraid that the Palermo people, or the Soviets, 610 00:40:21,321 --> 00:40:25,151 would take his precious film and mangle it 611 00:40:26,444 --> 00:40:29,944 that he really wasn't in his right mind when he buried it. 612 00:40:30,307 --> 00:40:33,347 Colin would want Salome to be seen. 613 00:40:35,784 --> 00:40:38,954 Once the decision had been made to go ahead with the restoration of Salome, 614 00:40:39,350 --> 00:40:43,940 John O'Shea, the doyen of New Zealand filmmakers, was asked to oversee the task. 615 00:40:44,854 --> 00:40:47,614 Interpreting what he wanted is very difficult 616 00:40:47,936 --> 00:40:50,623 but an editor is always faced with the problems of 617 00:40:50,623 --> 00:40:54,044 filling a director's wishes as best you can. 618 00:40:54,059 --> 00:40:57,109 If he was here, of course, he'd tell you what to do, but 619 00:40:57,620 --> 00:41:00,670 an editor has got to try and divine what 620 00:41:02,014 --> 00:41:03,344 was in his mind. 621 00:41:04,398 --> 00:41:06,741 With financial support from the New Zealand Film Commission, 622 00:41:06,741 --> 00:41:09,411 the painstaking restoration proceeded smoothly. 623 00:41:09,850 --> 00:41:11,603 A gala premier was planned 624 00:41:11,603 --> 00:41:14,274 for New Zealand's most extraordinary feature film. 625 00:41:14,300 --> 00:41:16,718 However, 3 days before this event, 626 00:41:16,750 --> 00:41:20,612 the Colin McKenzie saga was to deliver one final twist. 627 00:41:20,612 --> 00:41:23,323 Six months ago, we wrote to every Spanish film archive 628 00:41:23,323 --> 00:41:25,159 requesting footage from the Spanish Civil War 629 00:41:25,159 --> 00:41:27,879 that was credited to a cameraman named Colin McKenzie. 630 00:41:28,050 --> 00:41:31,832 In the last six months, nothing has turned up. Not one foot of film. 631 00:41:31,832 --> 00:41:33,172 Until this morning. 632 00:41:37,792 --> 00:41:39,302 This roll of film here 633 00:41:39,573 --> 00:41:43,913 was confiscated by the fascists at the Battle of Malaga in 1937. 634 00:41:44,654 --> 00:41:48,914 It's been sitting in an obscure Spanish archive all this time, almost 60 years, 635 00:41:50,392 --> 00:41:54,688 and it's credited to a cameraman named C. McKenzie. 636 00:41:55,911 --> 00:41:59,411 When we screened the film this morning, we couldn't believe what we were looking at. 637 00:42:06,292 --> 00:42:09,542 The minutes tick by until the order to charge is given. 638 00:42:10,280 --> 00:42:13,450 The Battle of Malaga was one of the fiercest of the war. 639 00:42:19,881 --> 00:42:22,661 Here we see that Colin is right behind the Republican troops 640 00:42:22,661 --> 00:42:24,911 as they charge Franco's fascists. 641 00:42:27,565 --> 00:42:32,184 Intent on filming the action, Colin is oblivious to personal danger. 642 00:42:40,509 --> 00:42:45,197 As a fresh assault begins, a soldier falls directly in front of Colin. 643 00:42:47,725 --> 00:42:49,555 Colin puts the camera down. 644 00:42:50,151 --> 00:42:51,571 He runs to help. 645 00:42:51,931 --> 00:42:52,971 He stumbles. 646 00:42:59,012 --> 00:43:00,972 Both men are killed. 647 00:43:13,777 --> 00:43:15,907 On September 3, 1995, 648 00:43:16,214 --> 00:43:18,924 The New Zealand film and television industry 649 00:43:18,950 --> 00:43:21,817 gathered for a very special premier. 650 00:43:25,638 --> 00:43:29,720 There has never been a movie, which has taken so long 651 00:43:29,720 --> 00:43:32,578 between conception and completion, 652 00:43:32,578 --> 00:43:34,618 and I predict there has never been a movie 653 00:43:34,759 --> 00:43:36,669 which has given a first night audience 654 00:43:37,082 --> 00:43:41,784 such a voyage of discovery as you're about to embark on now. 655 00:43:41,444 --> 00:43:44,423 I'm greatly honored to introduce the world premier of 656 00:43:44,423 --> 00:43:46,973 Colin McKenzie's "Salome". 657 00:43:59,050 --> 00:44:03,220 As the story opens, a group of women and children await death. 658 00:44:03,551 --> 00:44:06,931 The tyrant, King Herod has chosen to make an example of them. 659 00:44:22,250 --> 00:44:25,460 John the Baptist angrily denounces the massacre. 660 00:44:26,050 --> 00:44:29,260 Watching him is Herod's stepdaughter, Salome. 661 00:44:33,790 --> 00:44:36,892 John's defiance quickly leads to his arrest. 662 00:44:45,550 --> 00:44:48,194 Later, Salome meets her lover, Narraboth, 663 00:44:48,194 --> 00:44:50,444 he is Herod's captain of guards. 664 00:45:10,926 --> 00:45:14,266 Deep in the cells, John continues preaching against Herod 665 00:45:14,412 --> 00:45:16,032 and his evils ways. 666 00:45:16,700 --> 00:45:21,019 He proclaims the coming of the Messiah and the end of false kings. 667 00:46:25,150 --> 00:46:29,360 Spurned by John, Salome goes to seek her revenge with the king. 668 00:47:16,593 --> 00:47:19,304 John's preaching reaches a fever pitch. 669 00:47:19,592 --> 00:47:21,592 He incites the people to riot. 670 00:48:53,064 --> 00:48:54,858 With her dance completed, 671 00:48:54,858 --> 00:48:57,818 it is time for Salome to tell Herod her wish. 672 00:49:16,372 --> 00:49:19,716 Having made his promise, Herod cannot refuse. 673 00:51:18,050 --> 00:51:21,172 We've got to get The Academy to recognize 674 00:51:21,172 --> 00:51:24,432 that Colin McKenzie is one of the great filmmakers of our time 675 00:51:24,432 --> 00:51:28,303 and I'm gonna fight for it to qualify as the best film. 676 00:51:29,010 --> 00:51:31,306 I was quite staggered. I mean, 677 00:51:31,306 --> 00:51:35,133 we all think that we've sort of been the pioneers in New Zealand film 678 00:51:35,133 --> 00:51:37,513 but this was made 679 00:51:37,788 --> 00:51:39,788 50 years before 680 00:51:40,308 --> 00:51:44,945 any of us really thought about the possibility of ​​making a feature film in New Zealand. 681 00:51:45,129 --> 00:51:49,169 When you name Lumiere, and Edison, and on through D.W. Griffith, 682 00:51:49,680 --> 00:51:52,230 in the pantheon of film pioneers. 683 00:51:52,554 --> 00:51:56,207 I don't think there's any question that now we have to make room there 684 00:51:56,207 --> 00:51:58,167 for the name of Colin McKenzie. 685 00:51:58,541 --> 00:52:00,751 I think that if Colin were alive today 686 00:52:01,061 --> 00:52:04,111 and he saw the hour that we took out of his movie 687 00:52:04,255 --> 00:52:06,049 he would be absolutely thrilled. 688 00:52:06,049 --> 00:52:10,889 He was never alive to see the complete 3-hour version 689 00:52:11,318 --> 00:52:14,391 and I'm sure he would agree with us with no problem. 690 00:52:14,827 --> 00:52:17,707 Colin was a man of immense talent 691 00:52:18,867 --> 00:52:22,648 and a broad and deep imagination. 692 00:52:23,563 --> 00:52:25,933 And like people of that kind, 693 00:52:26,250 --> 00:52:28,460 he had, I think, a cracking point. 694 00:52:29,686 --> 00:52:32,606 He ran away. He ran away from his father's anger. 695 00:52:32,945 --> 00:52:34,985 He ran away from New Zealand. 696 00:52:35,288 --> 00:52:38,828 In a sense, when he buried the film, 697 00:52:39,411 --> 00:52:41,081 he was running away. 698 00:52:42,712 --> 00:52:46,339 But those episodes shouldn't diminish 699 00:52:47,340 --> 00:52:50,136 his strength 700 00:52:50,927 --> 00:52:53,972 as a creative human being. 62825

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