All language subtitles for Air.Disasters.S08E10.Death.In.The.Arctic.1080p.PMTP.WEB-DL.AAC2.0.H.264-maldini_track4_[eng]

Narrator: AIRCRAFT DEBRIS
LITTERS THE FROZEN GROUND

NORTH OF THE ARCTIC CIRCLE.

Man: YOU KNOW THIS
IS GONNA BE BAD.

Controller: A 737'S JUST
GONE DOWN AT RESOLUTE BAY.

Man: WE KIND OF LOOKED
AT EACH OTHER IN DISBELIEF.

Narrator: A CRASH
AT THIS LATITUDE

IS ALMOST ALWAYS
A DEATH SENTENCE.

Girl: THIS IS MY FIRST
PLANE CRASH.

Narrator:
AN INCREDIBLE COINCIDENCE

GIVES A HANDFUL OF SURVIVORS
A FIGHTING CHANCE.

Man: THERE ARE SURVIVORS.

I REPEAT, THERE ARE SURVIVORS.

Man: TO ARRIVE ON SCENE
AN HOUR AFTER THE ACCIDENT

WAS JUST UNBELIEVABLE.

Narrator: THE BIG QUESTION NOW:

WHAT CAUSED ONE
OF NORTHERN CANADA'S

DEADLIEST AIR DISASTERS?

Flight attendant:
LADIES AND GENTLEMEN,
WE ARE STARTING OUR APPROACH.

Pilot: WE LOST BOTH ENGINES!

Flight attendant:
PUT THE MASK OVER YOUR NOSE.

EMERGENCY DESCENT.

Pilot: MAYDAY, MAYDAY.

Flight attendant:
BRACE FOR IMPACT!

Controller: I THINK I LOST ONE.

Man: INVESTIGATION STARTING...

Man: HE'S GONNA CRASH!

Narrator: THE CANADIAN ARCTIC

IS ONE OF THE TOUGHEST
ENVIRONMENTS ON THE PLANET.

WINTERS HERE ARE BRUTAL--
EIGHT MONTHS LONG

WITH TEMPERATURES PLUNGING
TO MINUS 40 DEGREES FAHRENHEIT.

EVEN NOW, DURING THE LONG DAYS
OF THE ARCTIC SUMMER,

THE AVERAGE TEMPERATURE
IS BARELY ABOVE FREEZING.

John Murphy: THE LAND IS
WELL ABOVE THE TREE LINE.

IT'S VERY BARREN.

THERE'S NOTHING ON IT.

THERE'S NO TUNDRA, NO PLANTS.

IT'S JUST SAND AND ROCK.

Narrator: THERE ARE NO ROADS
TO THIS PART OF THE WORLD.

VIRTUALLY THE ONLY WAY
TO GET HERE IS BY AIR.

AND WHEN A PLANE CRASHES
IN THE ARCTIC,

ANYONE WHO SURVIVES THE IMPACT

HAS NEXT TO NO HOPE
OF A QUICK RESCUE.

THEY MAY FACE HOURS OR DAYS
BATTLING THE ELEMENTS,

AND THEY MAY NOT MAKE IT.

Macdonald: IT COULD BE
QUITE CHALLENGING

TO ACTUALLY GET TO THE SITE

AND IT COULD BE A MATTER OF,
YOU KNOW, 24 HOURS OR LONGER

BEFORE YOU COULD GET
A RESPONSE IN THERE.

Narrator: FORTUNATELY, TODAY
NO ONE HAS TO WAIT THAT LONG.

Man: ALL RIGHT, GUYS.
EXERCISE OVER.

EVERYBODY COME ON IN.
TAKE A BREAK.

Narrator: THIS CRASH SITE
HAS BEEN METICULOUSLY STAGED.

IT'S PART OF A MASSIVE MILITARY
EXERCISE HELD EACH YEAR

IN CANADA'S HIGH ARCTIC,
OPERATION NANOOK.

THIS YEAR, IT'S
A SIMULATED MID-AIR COLLISION.

THE SCENARIO...

Woman: THERE'S SOME LACERATIONS
AND SOME BLEEDING.

Narrator:
...COMPLETE WITH MOCK SURVIVORS,

IS DESIGNED TO HELP RESCUERS
AND AIR CRASH INVESTIGATORS

PREPARE FOR A REAL
AVIATION CATASTROPHE.

Greg Smit: OPERATION NANOOK
IN 2011 WAS INTENDED TO SIMULATE

A MAJOR AIRCRAFT INCIDENT
IN OUR NORTH.

THE CANADIAN FORCES HAD THE LEAD

IN COOPERATION
WITH OUR NORTHERN PARTNERS,

THE CANADIAN COAST GUARD,
LOCAL FIRE RESCUE PERSONNEL....

Man: BONE'S BEEN SPLINTED
IN PLACE.

Smit: THE TRANSPORTATION
SAFETY BOARD...

Woman: URGENT PRI-2.

Smit: AND ALSO THE U.S. NAVY
WAS GONNA BE INVOLVED

IN THIS EXERCISE.

ALL RIGHT, HOP TO IT, GUYS, NOW.
COME ON, TIME'S TICKING.

Narrator:
MASTER WARRANT OFFICER GREG SMIT

IS A SEARCH AND RESCUE
TECHNICIAN

WITH THE CANADIAN ARMED FORCES.

Smit: THE SCENARIOS
THAT WE SET UP,

WE TEND TO MAKE THEM
AS REALISTIC AS POSSIBLE.

WHEN YOU SEE SOMETHING
AND IT LOOKS REAL,

YOU TEND THEN TO ACT LIKE YOU
WOULD IN A REAL SCENARIO.

Narrator: TODAY'S EXERCISE IS
TAKING PLACE NEAR RESOLUTE BAY.

THOUGH THE TOWN IS HOME
TO ONLY 230 PEOPLE,

IT'S A MAJOR TRANSPORTATION HUB
FOR THE HIGH ARCTIC.

RESOLUTE BAY AIRPORT
IS THE ONLY ONE IN THE REGION

EQUIPPED WITH NAVIGATIONAL AIDS

FOR AUTOMATED LANDING
APPROACHES.

Murphy: IT HAS
A INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM,

WHICH IS THE MAINSTAY
OF LANDING SYSTEMS

IN ALL THE SOUTHERN AIRPORTS.

IT'S WHAT ALL
THE MAJOR AIRLINERS USE

TO LAND THEIR AIRCRAFT.

IT'S VERY ACCURATE,
VERY PRECISE.

Narrator: BECAUSE NANOOK
IS SUCH A MASSIVE OPERATION,

THE ARMED FORCES
WILL BE HANDLING

ALL AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL DUTIES
FOR THE AIRPORT.

Controller: CAN FORCE 2,
CYRB MILITARY.

CONTINUE YOUR APPROACH.

VISIBILITY IS TEN MILES.

Narrator: ONE OF THE PLANES
HEADING TO RESOLUTE BAY

IS AN AIR FORCE C-17.

MILITARY AND MEDICAL STAFF
TAKING PART IN OPERATION NANOOK

ARE ON BOARD,

AS WELL AS INVESTIGATORS

FROM CANADA'S
TRANSPORTATION SAFETY BOARD.

Macdonald: LET'S SEE
THAT AIR EQUIPMENT LIST AGAIN.

THERE'S A LOT OF CONSIDERATIONS

THAT HAVE TO GO
INTO A DEPLOYMENT

INTO A REMOTE PART
OF CANADA'S NORTH.

THERE'S THE LOGISTICS
OF ACTUALLY GETTING THERE,

AND THEN ONCE
YOU'RE IN LOCATION,

SURVIVING IS PART OF THE ISSUE.

YOU NEED SHELTER, YOU NEED HEAT,
YOU NEED FOOD AND WATER.

Narrator: IT'S A VITAL TRAINING
OPPORTUNITY FOR THE ENTIRE TEAM.

Smit: IF THE DAY COMES WHERE
WE HAVE TO USE IT FOR REAL,

THOSE EXERCISES, THOSE LESSONS,
THE IDENTIFIED LESSONS LEARNED

WILL PAY OUT IN DIVIDENDS.

David Hare: CYRB MILITARY,

THIS IS FIRST AIR 6560.

Narrator: THERE'S ALSO
A COMMERCIAL FLIGHT

APPROACHING RESOLUTE BAY.

Controller: FIRST AIR 6560,
GO AHEAD.

Hare: CYRB MILITARY,
ETA AT RESOLUTE 16:43.

Narrator: FIRST AIR FLIGHT 6560
IS A CHARTER

FLYING PASSENGERS AND CARGO
TO THE SMALL COMMUNITY.

Murphy: EVERYTHING FROM FUEL
TO HOUSEHOLD GOODS TO APPLIANCES

TO FOOD TO MAIL IS FLOWN IN.

WITHOUT THESE FLIGHTS,

THE COMMUNITY WOULD RUN LOW
ON SUPPLIES VERY QUICKLY.

Narrator: TO ACCOMMODATE
ALL THAT EXTRA CARGO,

THE CABIN OF THE 737-200
HAS BEEN MODIFIED

INTO WHAT IS KNOWN
AS A COMBI CONFIGURATION.

Murphy: WHICH MEANS THEY CARRY
A COMBINATION

OF CARGO AND PASSENGERS

ON THE SAME DECK
OF THE AIRPLANE.

Narrator: AMONG THE PASSENGERS
IS GEOLOGIST NICOLE WILLIAMSON.

SHE'S TRAVELING WITH
HER COLLEAGUE, ROBIN WYLLIE,

TO DO SOME SURVEYING
IN THE NORTH.

THERE ARE ALSO TWO LITTLE GIRLS
ON BOARD,

GABRIELLE AND CHEYENNE.

THEY'RE ON THEIR WAY HOME
AFTER VISITING THEIR FATHER.

Nicole Williamson:
HI. I LIKE YOUR GLASSES.

Narrator: TERRY AUDLA
IS THEIR UNCLE.

Terry Audla:
THEY WERE VERY CLOSE,
AS CLOSE AS SISTERS CAN BE.

THEY LAUGHED TOGETHER.

THEY PLAYED TOGETHER.

THEY GOT INTO TROUBLE TOGETHER.

THE 737-200 LEFT YELLOWKNIFE
AN HOUR AND A HALF AGO.

IT'S DUE TO LAND AT RESOLUTE BAY
IN APPROXIMATELY 30 MINUTES.

Controller: WIND 180 DEGREES
AT 8 KNOTS.

Narrator:
FIRST OFFICER DAVID HARE

STUDIED BUSINESS BEFORE
SETTING HIS SIGHTS ON AVIATION.

HE JOINED FIRST AIR
FOUR YEARS AGO.

Hare: FIRST AIR 6560, COPY.
THANK YOU.

Blair Rutherford: THERE WE GO.

Narrator:
CAPTAIN BLAIR RUTHERFORD

HAS BEEN WITH THE AIRLINE
FOR MORE THAN 15 YEARS.

Rutherford: MIGHT AS WELL
DO YOURS, TOO.

HEADING 0-2-9 DEGREES.

Hare: GOT IT.

Narrator: THIS CLOSE
TO THE MAGNETIC NORTH POLE,

PILOTS NEED TO CALIBRATE
THEIR COMPASSES FREQUENTLY

USING THEIR GPS.

Rutherford: OKAY.
LET'S GO OVER THE APPROACH.

Hare: OKAY.

Williamson: DO YOU WANT
SOME HELP WITH YOUR SEATBELT?

Gabrielle: OKAY.

Williamson: ALL RIGHT.

I'LL BE UP HERE WITH YOU.

THAT'S FINE.

Hare: ALTITUDE ALERT SET
TO 2200.

Narrator:
BECAUSE OF THE HEAVY FOG,

THE CREW WILL BE RELYING
ON THEIR AUTOPILOT

DURING THE APPROACH.

Hare: CHECKLIST COMPLETE.

Rutherford: AUTOPILOT SET.

Narrator: THIS WAY,
THEY DON'T HAVE TO WORRY

ABOUT LINING UP
WITH THE RUNWAY VISUALLY.

THE COMPUTER WILL DO
ALL THE WORK

UNTIL THEY'RE READY
TO TOUCH DOWN.

Controller: 6560, YOU'RE LANDING
ON RUNWAY 35-TRUE.

IT'S A LITTLE WET.

Hare: FIRST AIR 6560,
COPY 35-TRUE.

WE'RE TEN MILES FROM RUNWAY.

Audla: AFTER SPENDING
A FEW WEEKS WITH DAD,

THE GIRLS WERE LOOKING FORWARD
TO COMING BACK HOME

TO MOM AND GRANDMA AND GRANDPA.

Gabrielle: ALMOST HOME!

Narrator: AT 11:40 AM,

FLIGHT 6560 BEGINS ITS FINAL
APPROACH TO THE RUNWAY.

Hare: DESCENDING
THROUGH 1,000 FEET.

FIRST AIR 6560,
WE'RE THREE MILES OUT ON FINAL.

UH, WE'RE OVER
THE SHORELINE NOW.

Rutherford: ALL RIGHT.

Computer: PULL UP.

Narrator: THE SOUND OF AN URGENT
ALARM FILLS THE COCKPIT.

Computer: PULL UP.

Hare: GO AROUND.
GO FOR IT.

Narrator:
IT'S THE LOW ALTITUDE WARNING.

TO THE PILOTS,
IT SEEMS IMPOSSIBLE.

THEY DON'T EVEN HAVE
THE RUNWAY IN SIGHT YET.

Hare: GO AROUND!

Rutherford: GO AROUND THRUST.

Narrator: THE CAPTAIN DECIDES
TO ABORT THE LANDING,

BUT IT MAY BE TOO LATE.

FLIGHT 6560 SLAMS INTO
THE GROUND AT 180 MILES AN HOUR.

THE PLANE SKIDS ACROSS
THE CREST OF A HILL...

AND BURSTS INTO FLAMES.

Smit: WHEN THE GROUND SUPPORT
PERSONNEL

LOST COMMUNICATION
WITH THIS AIRCRAFT,

THEY KNEW IT WAS
ON FINAL APPROACH.

THEY WERE NOT SPEAKING
TO THE CREW ANYMORE.

Controller: FIRST AIR 6560
SHOULD BE HERE BY NOW.

Smit: YOU GOTTA BE KIDDING.

TRY THEM AGAIN.

DID PEOPLE BELIEVE
AN AIRCRAFT HAD CRASHED?

YOU DON'T WANT TO, BECAUSE
HUMAN BEINGS ARE INVOLVED,

BUT IT VERY QUICKLY BECAME
A REALITY

THAT THIS AIRCRAFT HAD CRASHED.

Controller: A 737 HAS JUST
GONE DOWN AT RESOLUTE BAY.

NO DUFF.

Narrator: THE PRIORITY NOW--
GET HELP TO ANY SURVIVORS.

Smit: YOU THINK TO YOURSELF,

WOW, I REALLY HOPE
SOMEONE SURVIVED THIS,

BUT YOU KNOW THIS
IS GONNA BE BAD.

Narrator: AT THE CRASH SITE,

GABRIELLE PELKY SITS ALONE
IN A NIGHTMARE.

Audla: SHE FOUND HERSELF
WITH A BROKEN LEG,

CUTS AND BRUISES, AND CONCERN
FOR HER LITTLE SISTER, CHEYENNE.

Narrator:
GEOLOGIST NICOLE WILLIAMSON
HAS ALSO SURVIVED.

Williamson: AGH!

GABRIELLE!
GABRIELLE.

OH, THANK GOD.

Audla: WHEN NICOLE
GOT TO GABRIELLE...

Williamson: YOU'RE OKAY.
YOU'RE OKAY.

Audla: SHE MADE SURE
THAT GABRIELLE WAS KEPT WARM

AND THAT WAS SOMETHING
THAT PROBABLY HELPED HER

WITH HER OWN SURVIVAL.

Gabrielle: THIS IS
MY FIRST PLANE CRASH.

Williamson: YEAH.

ME, TOO, SWEETIE.
ME, TOO.

Audla: FOR NICOLE TO HEAR THAT
FROM, FROM A CHILD,

IT SORT OF BROUGHT HOME,
YOU KNOW,

THE INNOCENCE OF IT ALL.

Williamson: OKAY.
ALL RIGHT.

Audla: TRYING TO SURVIVE
AT THAT MOMENT,

IT WAS A WAY OF FOCUSING
ON EACH OTHER.

Narrator: AS THEY STUMBLE
THROUGH THE WRECKAGE,

THEY FIND ONLY ONE OTHER
SURVIVOR, ROBIN WYLLIE.

Audla: THEY MANAGED
TO GET TO A LOCATION

WHERE THEY FELT OKAY, THIS IS
PROBABLY A SAFE LOCATION,

AND WAIT AND HOPE FOR THE BEST.

Narrator: THE THREE SURVIVORS
ARE SUFFERING FROM SHOCK

AND SHIVERING
IN NEAR FREEZING TEMPERATURES.

IF HELP DOESN'T ARRIVE SOON,
THEY MAY DIE FROM EXPOSURE.

NEWS OF THE DISASTER REACHES

AIR CRASH INVESTIGATORS
STILL IN FLIGHT,

INCLUDING THE TSB'S
BRIAN MACDONALD.

Macdonald: WE KIND OF LOOKED
AT EACH OTHER IN DISBELIEF

AS IF, YOU KNOW, IS SOMEBODY

CHANGING THE START
OF THE EXERCISE

TO CREATE MORE REALISM?

OR IS THIS REALLY HAPPENING?

WE NEED TO HIT THE GROUND
RUNNING.

NOW, YOU'RE QUICKLY
CHANGING GEARS

INTO THINKING ABOUT
ALL THE THINGS WE HAVE TO DO NOW

TO GET READY AND START REACTING
TO THIS ACTUAL ACCIDENT.

Narrator:
AS THE INVESTIGATORS TOUCH DOWN,

THEY GRAPPLE
WITH THE REALIZATION

THAT THE MOCK EXERCISE
THEY WERE EXPECTING

IS NOW A VERY REAL CATASTROPHE.

BUT THERE IS SOME GOOD NEWS.

BECAUSE OF OPERATION NANOOK,

RESCUERS ARE ABLE TO REACH
THE SURVIVORS

JUST 20 MINUTES
AFTER THE ACCIDENT.

Smit: THERE ARE SURVIVORS.

I REPEAT, THERE ARE SURVIVORS.

HAVING BEEN
TO SEVERAL AIRCRAFT CRASHES

THROUGHOUT MY, MY 20,
20-YEAR CAREER,

UH, SHOCK WOULD BE
AN UNDERSTATEMENT

THAT THESE PEOPLE HAD SURVIVED.

THEY DIDN'T APPEAR TO HAVE
ANY LIFE-THREATENING INJURIES,

SO WE ELECTED
TO FAIRLY RAPIDLY STABILIZE

SOME IMMEDIATE FRACTURES,

GET THEM ON SOME STRETCHERS

AND GET THEM DOWN TO A FACILITY
THAT COULD PROPERLY EVALUATE

AND TREAT THEM IN AN ENVIRONMENT
THAT WAS MORE STABLE.

Narrator: RESCUERS COMB
THROUGH THE WRECKAGE,

BUT THEY QUICKLY REALIZE NO ONE
ELSE HAS SURVIVED THE CRASH.

12 PEOPLE ARE DEAD...

Gabrielle: DID YOU FIND
CHEYENNE?

Narrator: ...INCLUDING
GABRIELLE'S SISTER, CHEYENNE.

Audla: FOR A CHILD TO BE GIVEN
THAT TYPE OF INFORMATION,

I MEAN, IT'S ALWAYS
A DIFFICULT MOMENT.

Narrator: THIS IS ONE
OF THE WORST AIR DISASTERS EVER

IN CANADA'S FAR NORTH.

Smit: ARE YOU GUYS WITH THE TSB?

Macdonald:
THAT'S WHAT THE HAT SAYS.

SHOW ME WHAT YOU GOT.

Narrator:
IT'S UP TO INVESTIGATOR
BRIAN MACDONALD AND HIS TEAM

TO FIGURE OUT WHAT HAPPENED.

Smit: WE'RE HERE.

THEY CAME DOWN HERE,
TWO CLICKS EAST.

Macdonald: WOW.

I'D LIKE TO GET A TEAM UP THERE
AS SOON AS POSSIBLE,

AND WE'RE GONNA NEED
A SPACE TO WORK.

David Ross:
TO ARRIVE WITH A FULLY ASSEMBLED
AND EQUIPPED TEAM

ON SCENE WITHIN AN HOUR
AFTER THE ACCIDENT

WAS JUST UNBELIEVABLE.

Macdonald: THEY GOT PRETTY CLOSE
TO THE RUNWAY.

Narrator: THE PLANE HAS CRASHED
INTO THE SHOULDER OF A HILL

A LITTLE MORE THAN A MILE
EAST OF THE RUNWAY.

Macdonald: MAYBE IT WAS THE FOG?

Ross: WE KNEW THAT
THE VISIBILITY HAD BEEN POOR

EARLIER DURING THE FLIGHT,

SO WE KNEW THAT THE WEATHER
WAS A FACTOR

THAT WOULD NEED TO BE
LOOKED INTO.

Rutherford: WHAT A SURPRISE.

FOG.

Narrator: RESOLUTE BAY
IS OFTEN FOG-BOUND,

FORCING CREWS TO RELY
ON THEIR AUTOPILOT

AND THE AIRPORT'S SOPHISTICATED
GUIDANCE EQUIPMENT.

THE INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM,
OR ILS,

IS TECHNOLOGY THAT CAN BE
INSTALLED ON RUNWAYS

TO HELP PLANES LAND
IN LOW VISIBILITY.

THE ILS EMITS A SIGNAL
KNOWN AS A LOCALIZER BEAM.

IT CAN BE PICKED UP
BY THE PLANE'S AUTOPILOT,

WHICH USES IT
TO NAVIGATE THE PLANE

SAFELY DOWN THE RUNWAY.

Murphy:
WHEN YOU CAN'T SEE THE RUNWAY
WHEN YOU'RE ON APPROACH,

YOU RELY ON THIS ILS SYSTEM

TO GET YOU TO A POINT

WHERE HOPEFULLY YOU CAN SEE
THE RUNWAY.

Rutherford: OKAY,
LET'S GO OVER THE APPROACH.

Hare: OKAY.

Rutherford: IT'S NOT GREAT,

BUT IT'S NOTHING
THAT WE CAN'T HANDLE.

AT LEAST WE'LL BE ABLE TO DO
AN ILS APPROACH THERE.

Narrator: IF THE ILS SYSTEM
AT THE AIRPORT FAILED

OR IF THE PLANE'S AUTOPILOT

WASN'T ABLE
TO DETECT THE SIGNAL,

IT COULD EXPLAIN THE CRASH.

Ross: WHAT WE DO
DURING ANY INVESTIGATION

IS RUN A PROCESS OF ELIMINATION

WHERE WE LOOK AT ALL
THE POSSIBLE ASPECTS

OF THE OPERATION

AND VERIFY THAT THINGS
WERE WORKING NORMALLY.

Narrator: IT DOESN'T TAKE
INVESTIGATORS LONG

TO FIGURE OUT THAT
THE AIRPORT'S ILS WAS WORKING.

ANOTHER PLANE USED
THE SIGNAL TO LAND

JUST 25 MINUTES AFTER THE CRASH
OF FLIGHT 6560.

Ross: WE DETERMINED
THAT THE SYSTEM WAS OPERATING

WITHIN NORMAL
OPERATING PARAMETERS.

Narrator:
BUT INVESTIGATORS WON'T KNOW
IF THE 737'S AUTOPILOT

WAS DETECTING THE ILS PROPERLY

UNTIL THEY DOWNLOAD THE PLANE'S
FLIGHT DATA RECORDER

AND THE COCKPIT VOICE RECORDER.

Macdonald: THE FIRST RESPONDERS
HAD FOUND THEM

IN THE FIRST 12 HOURS.

WE WERE ABLE TO GET THEM
ON AN AIRCRAFT

AND DOWN TO OUR LABORATORY
IN OTTAWA ON THE FOLLOWING DAY.

Narrator:
MEANWHILE, OPERATION NANOOK

PROVIDES INVESTIGATORS
WITH SOME UNEXPECTED DATA.

Macdonald: SO THIS WILL SHOW US
EXACTLY WHAT THE RADAR RECORDED?

Narrator: RESOLUTE BAY AIRPORT
IS NOT EQUIPPED WITH RADAR,

BUT THE MILITARY HAD SET UP
A TEMPORARY RADAR SYSTEM

TO HANDLE
THE INCREASED AIR TRAFFIC

FOR OPERATION NANOOK.

Ross: THE RADAR DATA WAS CRUCIAL
TO THE INVESTIGATION

BECAUSE IT PROVIDED US WITH THE
FLIGHT PATH FOR THE AIRCRAFT,

WHICH WE WOULDN'T HAVE HAD
OTHERWISE.

Narrator: IT'S A LUCKY BREAK
FOR INVESTIGATORS.

WHEN THEY WATCH THE PLAYBACK,

THEY IMMEDIATELY NOTICE
SOMETHING VERY UNUSUAL.

Macdonald: WHERE THE HELL
ARE THEY GOING?

Narrator:
THE RADAR SHOWS FLIGHT 6560 WAS
FLYING PARALLEL TO THE RUNWAY,

NOT LINED UP WITH IT
AS IT SHOULD HAVE BEEN.

Ross: THE QUESTION THAT CAME
TO OUR MINDS IMMEDIATELY THERE

WAS WHY?

WHY DID THE AIRCRAFT TRACK
IN THAT DIRECTION?

Narrator: HOW COULD
A MODERN AIRLINER

EQUIPPED WITH AN AUTOPILOT

CRASH INTO A HILL MORE THAN
A MILE FROM THE RUNWAY?

A PAINSTAKING INVESTIGATION WILL
UNCOVER A TROUBLING EXPLANATION.

WITH THE TOXIC FIRE
FULLY EXTINGUISHED,

IT'S NOW SAFE FOR INVESTIGATORS
TO HEAD TO THE CRASH SITE

AND GET A CLOSE-UP LOOK
AT THE WRECKAGE.

THEY'RE SEARCHING FOR ANY CLUE

THAT MIGHT EXPLAIN WHY THE PLANE
DRIFTED OFF COURSE

ON APPROACH TO THE RUNWAY.

Macdonald: WE NEEDED
TO UNDERSTAND, YOU KNOW,

WHAT WAS HAPPENING
WITH THE NAVIGATION.

YOU KNOW, WE NEEDED
TO UNDERSTAND

HOW DID THE AIRCRAFT
GET RIGHT OF TRACK

AND WHY DID IT STAY
RIGHT OF TRACK.

Narrator: THEY BEGIN
BY CHARTING THE LOCATION

OF EVERY SINGLE PIECE
OF WRECKAGE.

Macdonald: YOU COULD SEE WHERE
THE WHEELS HAD TOUCHED DOWN

AND THE AIRCRAFT HAD GONE
AIRBORNE FOR SOME DISTANCE.

BITS OF THE AIRCRAFT
HAD STARTED TO SHED,

AND THEN IT TOUCHED DOWN AGAIN
ON THE BELLY

AND CAME APART
INTO THREE MAIN SECTIONS.

Narrator: TO INVESTIGATORS,
THE PATTERN OF DEBRIS

SUGGESTS A POSSIBLE EXPLANATION
FOR THE CRASH.

THE WRECKAGE SEEMS
TO LINE UP DIRECTLY

WITH A NAVIGATION TOWER
CALLED A VOR.

Macdonald: WHEN YOU DRAW A LINE

BETWEEN WHERE THE AIRCRAFT
TURNS FINAL

AND WHERE THE AIRCRAFT
ACCIDENT OCCURS,

IT'S PRETTY MUCH
RIGHT AT THAT ANTENNA.

Narrator: INVESTIGATORS WONDER
IF THE PILOTS

LOCKED ON TO THE WRONG BEACON

TO GUIDE THEIR PLANE
TO THE GROUND.

THE AIRPORT'S VOR BEACON
TRANSMITS A RADIO SIGNAL,

WHICH HELPS PILOTS
FIND THE AIRPORT.

HOWEVER, IT'S NOT MEANT TO GUIDE
THEM ONTO A SPECIFIC RUNWAY.

FOR THAT, THE CREW MUST SWITCH
THEIR NAVIGATION CONTROL

SO THE AUTOPILOT CAN FOLLOW
THE AIRPORT'S ILS FREQUENCY.

Murphy: YOU HAVE AN ILS
WHICH HAS A BEAM THAT GOES OUT,

AND IF YOU STAY
RIGHT ON THAT BEAM,

NOT LEFT, NOT RIGHT,
BUT RIGHT ON IT,

IT'LL TAKE YOU RIGHT
TO THE CENTER

OF THE BEGINNING OF THE RUNWAY.

Rutherford: IT'S NOT GREAT,

BUT IT'S NOTHING
THAT WE CAN'T HANDLE.

AT LEAST WE CAN DO
AN ILS APPROACH THERE.

Narrator: IF THE CREW PROGRAMMED
THEIR NAVIGATION SYSTEM

TO FOLLOW THE VOR SIGNAL
FROM THE HILLSIDE ANTENNA

INSTEAD OF THE ILS SIGNAL
ON THE RUNWAY,

IT WOULD EXPLAIN THIS TRAGEDY.

IT WOULDN'T BE THE FIRST TIME
A PILOT MADE THAT VERY MISTAKE.

Ross: THERE WAS
A PREVIOUS OCCURRENCE

BACK IN THE LATE 1980s
INVOLVING A BOEING 737,

AND IN THAT INSTANCE THEY WERE
TRACKING TO A NAVIGATIONAL AID

VERY SIMILAR TO THE ONE
LOCATED IN RESOLUTE BAY

RATHER THAN TO THE APPROACH AID
AT THE RUNWAY.

Narrator: IF THE PILOTS OF
FLIGHT 6560 MADE THE SAME ERROR,

THE HEAVY FOG WOULD LIKELY
HAVE MADE IT IMPOSSIBLE

TO SEE THE HILL
UNTIL IT WAS TOO LATE.

Rutherford: WHOA!

Narrator: BUT IS THERE
ANY WAY TO KNOW FOR SURE

IF THAT'S WHAT HAPPENED?

INVESTIGATORS HOPE THE PLANE'S
COCKPIT VOICE RECORDER

CAN PROVIDE THE ANSWER.

Jon Stuart: ALL RIGHT.

LET'S SEE WHAT THESE GUYS
WERE THINKING.

Narrator: THE TSB'S JON STUART
IS AN EXPERT

AT ANALYZING CREW CONVERSATIONS
CAPTURED ON VOICE RECORDERS.

Stuart:
THE COCKPIT VOICE RECORDER

WAS GOING TO TELL US WHAT WAS
GOING ON INSIDE THE COCKPIT.

WHAT COULD THEY BE SEEING?

WHAT WERE THEY LISTENING TO?

WHAT WERE THEY TALKING ABOUT?

AND SO I CAN UNDERSTAND
THEIR VIEW OF THE WORLD

AND HOW THEY WERE
MAKING DECISIONS.

Hare: FLAPS FIVE.

Rutherford: FLAPS FIVE SELECTED.

Narrator: INITIALLY, IT DOESN'T
SOUND LIKE ANYTHING IS WRONG.

Hare: CHECKLIST COMPLETE.

Rutherford: AUTOPILOT SET.

Hare: LOCALIZER ALIVE.

GLIDE SLOPE ALIVE.

Narrator: THE FIRST OFFICER
ACKNOWLEDGES THE AUTOPILOT

IS LOCKING ON TO THE AIRPORT'S
INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM.

Stuart:
SOUNDS LIKE THEY WERE FOLLOWING
THE ILS SIGNAL ALL RIGHT.

Narrator:
THE WORDS "GLIDE SLOPE ALIVE"

CONFIRM THAT THE AUTOPILOT
IS HOMING IN

ON THE CORRECT SIGNAL,
THE RUNWAY'S ILS,

NOT THE VOR BEACON
FROM THE HILLSIDE TOWER.

Macdonald:
FROM THE COCKPIT VOICE RECORDER

WE KNEW THE CREW WAS FLYING
THE ILS APPROACH,

SO WE WERE CONCLUSIVELY ABLE
TO DETERMINE

THAT WHERE THEY ENDED UP WAS NOT
RELATED TO THAT BEACON.

Narrator:
BUT THEY STILL HAVE NO IDEA

WHY THE PLANE DRIFTED
DANGEROUSLY OFF COURSE.

THEY LISTEN FOR MORE CLUES.

WHAT THEY HEAR IS STUNNING.

Hare: GPS HAS US GOING
OFF TO THE RIGHT.

Stuart: THE FIRST OFFICER
KNEW THEY WERE OFF COURSE.

Macdonald: WE COULD TELL
FROM THE CONVERSATION

THAT THE CREW WERE CONCERNED

ABOUT THE POSITIONING
OF THE AIRCRAFT.

Hare: SO, UH, ARE WE
TOO FAR TO THE RIGHT?

Rutherford: WE'LL GET THERE.

Narrator: AS THEY CONTINUE
TO LISTEN, THE MYSTERY DEEPENS.

Hare: IF WE'RE GOING RIGHT,

RESOLUTE HILL
IS RIGHT OF THE RUNWAY.

Narrator: NOT ONLY DID
THE FIRST OFFICER REALIZE

THEY WERE OFF COURSE,

HE KNEW THEY WERE HEADED TOWARDS
THE HILL NEXT TO THE RUNWAY.

Hare: WE'RE NOT
ON THE LOCALIZER.

Rutherford: OH, WE'RE FINE.

THE AUTOPILOT'S TRACKING
THE LOCALIZER.

Hare: I THINK WE SHOULD
ABANDON THE APPROACH,

GO AROUND AND SORT THIS OUT.

Rutherford: NO. WE'RE GOOD.
WE'LL CONTINUE THE APPROACH.

Hare: OKAY.

CONTINUING APPROACH.

Macdonald:
AS THE FLIGHT PROGRESSES,

YOU CAN SEE IN THE CONVERSATION
BETWEEN THE TWO OF THEM

THAT THE TWO PILOTS
HAVE DIFFERING VIEWS

AS TO WHAT NEEDS TO BE DONE.

Narrator: EVEN THOUGH THEY WERE
SPEEDING TOWARDS THE HILL,

THEY CONTINUED ON.

Computer: TERRAIN, TERRAIN!
PULL UP!

Hare: GO AROUND!
GO FOR IT.

GO AROUND!

Rutherford: GO AROUND THRUST.

Computer: TERRAIN, TERRAIN!
PULL UP!

Narrator: IT'S A MISTAKE
THAT COST 12 PEOPLE THEIR LIVES.

WHY IT HAPPENED
REMAINS A MYSTERY.

Stuart: WHY ON EARTH DID THEY
KEEP FLYING TOWARD THAT HILL?

Narrator: THE CRASH
OF FIRST AIR 6560

HAS TOUCHED THE LIVES
OF NEARLY EVERYONE

IN THE TINY COMMUNITY
OF RESOLUTE BAY.

Audla: FOR A MOTHER
TO HAVE TO GO THROUGH THAT,

I'D NEVER WISH THAT ON ANYONE.

Narrator:
THE FAMILIES WANT ANSWERS.

Murphy:
THERE'S A TREMENDOUS AMOUNT OF
PRESSURE ON EVERYBODY INVOLVED

TO FIND OUT ANY INFORMATION.

WE WANTED TO KNOW WHAT HAPPENED.

Macdonald: THE WRECKAGE TELLS US
THEY WERE OFF COURSE

AND FLYING PARALLEL
TO THE RUNWAY,

AND THE CVR TELLS US
THEY KNEW IT.

Narrator:
SO FAR THE INVESTIGATION
INTO WHAT CAUSED THE CRASH

IS ONLY RAISING MORE QUESTIONS.

Macdonald: WHY WAS IT THAT, UH,
CORRECTIVE ACTION CAME TOO LATE?

Rutherford: AUTOPILOT SET.

Hare: LOCALIZER ALIVE.

GLIDE SLOPE ALIVE.

Narrator: INVESTIGATORS KNOW

THAT THE ILS BEACON
THE PILOTS WERE TRACKING

SHOULD HAVE GUIDED THEIR PLANE

ALL THE WAY TO THE FOOT
OF THE RUNWAY.

THEY NEED TO FIGURE OUT
WHY THAT DIDN'T HAPPEN.

Macdonald: THIS IS WHAT
WE'VE GOT TO GO ON,

SO LET'S SEE WHAT
THE DATA CAN TELL US.

WE HAD THE DOWNLOADED
INFORMATION

FROM THE FLIGHT DATA RECORDERS.

Narrator: THEY HOPE
THE PLANE'S FLIGHT DATA RECORDER

WILL PROVIDE THEM
WITH SOME ANSWERS.

Macdonald: OKAY,
PITCH UP TWO DEGREES.

Narrator: USING THE FDR DATA...

Macdonald: SPEED TO 168 KNOTS.

Narrator: ...INVESTIGATORS
CREATE A DETAILED FLIGHT PATH

OF THE PLANE'S APPROACH.

Macdonald:
TURN LEFT TWO DEGREES.

THE KEY ASPECTS OF ANY FLIGHT
WERE ON THERE, YOU KNOW,

ALTITUDE, SPEED, HEADING,
POWER SETTING,

FLIGHT CONTROL POSITIONS.

CAN WE ADD THE LOCALIZER BEAM,
PLEASE?

Narrator: THEY FOCUS
ON THE PLANE'S FINAL TURN

TOWARD THE RUNWAY.

Macdonald: THAT'S WHERE
IT STARTED TO GO WRONG.

THEY TURNED TOO WIDE
AND NEVER GOT BACK ON THE BEAM.

Narrator:
THE DETAILED FLIGHT PATH REVEALS

THE PRECISE MOMENT FLIGHT 6560
BEGAN TO VEER OFF COURSE,

BUT INVESTIGATORS
STILL DON'T UNDERSTAND WHY.

THEY KNOW THE AUTOPILOT SYSTEM
WAS WORKING PROPERLY.

Ross: THE FLIGHT DATA RECORDER
INDICATED THAT THE AUTOPILOT

WAS OPERATING THROUGHOUT THE
RECORDED PORTION OF THE FLIGHT.

Rutherford: AUTOPILOT SET.

Narrator: TO CARRY OUT
AN ILS LANDING,

THE CREW SHOULD HAVE SET
THEIR AUTOPILOT

TO A MODE CALLED VOR LOC.

Hare: LOCALIZER ALIVE.

Narrator: WHICH IS EXACTLY
WHAT THEY SEEM TO HAVE DONE.

Macdonald: WE WERE STRUGGLING
WITH TRYING TO UNDERSTAND,

YOU KNOW, HOW DID THE AIRCRAFT
GET OFF COURSE

IF IT WAS PROPERLY TUNED IN,
SWITCHES PROPERLY SET UP,

CREW IS FOLLOWING
THEIR PROCESSES

DOWN TO DO AN ILS APPROACH.

Narrator: INVESTIGATORS
ARE AT A LOSS TO EXPLAIN

HOW A PROPERLY CONFIGURED,
FUNCTIONING AUTOPILOT

STEERED THE PLANE OFF COURSE...

UNTIL THEY TAKE A CLOSER LOOK
AT THE FLIGHT DATA.

Macdonald: LET ME JUST SEE
THE CONTROL WHEEL INPUTS.

SO THE TURN STARTED OUT OKAY,
NICE AND SMOOTH THROUGH HERE.

DEFINITELY THE AUTOPILOT
IN CONTROL.

WE COULD DETERMINE THAT THE TURN
WAS INITIATED BY THE AUTOPILOT,

AND THEN THERE WAS A CHANGE
IN THE TECHNICAL INFORMATION

THAT WOULD INDICATE SOMETHING
HAPPENED IN THE TURN.

SOMETHING CHANGES RIGHT HERE.

THESE JAGGED CORRECTIONS
HAVE GOT TO BE HUMAN.

THEY MUST HAVE BEEN FLYING
ON MANUAL.

Narrator: FOR SOME REASON,
IT SEEMS THE AUTOPILOT

SWITCHED TO MANUAL MODE
PARTWAY THROUGH THE FINAL TURN.

IN THIS NEW SETTING,
THE AUTOPILOT

WAS NO LONGER GUIDING THE PLANE
TO THE RUNWAY.

Macdonald: AUTOPILOT SYSTEMS
HAVE BUILT-IN CAPABILITY

FOR PILOTS TO OVERRIDE IT.

IF THE AIRCRAFT IS NOT REACTING
QUICK ENOUGH

OR IT'S DOING SOMETHING, UH,
TOO QUICKLY,

THEN THE PILOT CAN,
USING THE CONTROL WHEEL,

APPLY SOME PRESSURE,
OVERRIDE IT MOMENTARILY.

Narrator: BUT THERE'S NOTHING
ON THE CVR TO INDICATE

THAT THE CAPTAIN INTENDED
TO OVERRIDE HIS AUTOPILOT.

INVESTIGATORS NOW CONSIDER
A FRIGHTENING POSSIBILITY.

HE MAY HAVE DONE IT BY ACCIDENT
AND NEVER REALIZED HIS MISTAKE.

Macdonald:
IF THE AUTOPILOT MODE CHANGED
FROM THIS MODE OF VOR LOC

TO THE MANUAL MODE
AT THAT TIMING,

YOU COULD END UP WITH
THE AIRCRAFT STAYING WINGS LEVEL

AND JUST MAINTAINING
THAT HEADING

INSTEAD OF TRACKING THE BEAM.

Narrator: INVESTIGATORS CAN SEE
THAT AT THE EXACT MOMENT

THE AUTOPILOT STOPPED GUIDING
THE PLANE TO THE RUNWAY,

THERE WAS A SLIGHT BIT
OF PRESSURE

ON THE CAPTAIN'S CONTROL COLUMN.

JUST ENOUGH TO SWITCH
THE AUTOPILOT

FROM THE FULLY AUTOMATIC
FLIGHT MODE INTO MANUAL.

Macdonald:
WE BELIEVE IT WAS LIKELY

AN INADVERTENT, UH, PRESSURE
ON THE WHEEL.

PERHAPS SOMEONE WAS
LEANING OVER TO CHECK SOMETHING

OR REACH FOR A PUBLICATION.

IT'S NOT A LOT OF PRESSURE
THAT'S REQUIRED.

Narrator: WITH NEITHER
THE AUTOPILOT NOR THE CREW

STEERING THE PLANE
TOWARD THE RUNWAY,

THE WIND PUSHED IT
FURTHER AND FURTHER OFF COURSE.

Macdonald: THE AUTOPILOT
WASN'T LOCKED IN ANY LONGER

TO THE LOCALIZER BEAM

BUT WAS MAINTAINING WINGS LEVEL
AND THAT HEADING.

AND SO THE WIND DID THE REST.

Narrator: THE FINDING
IS ANOTHER SMALL STEP

TOWARDS UNDERSTANDING
THIS ACCIDENT.

THE BIG QUESTION NOW:

IF THE PILOTS KNEW THEY WERE
FLYING OFF COURSE...

Hare: SO, UH, AREN'T WE
TOO FAR TO THE RIGHT?

Narrator: WHY DIDN'T THEY
DO SOMETHING ABOUT IT?

Rutherford: WE'LL GET THERE.

Ross: THE CREW WAS AWARE
THAT THEY WERE OFF COURSE.

THE CHALLENGE FOR US
WAS TO DETERMINE

WHY THE CAPTAIN CONTINUED
THE APPROACH.

Hare: DESCENDING
THROUGH 1,000 FEET.

Macdonald: LET'S SEE
WHAT THIS FLIGHT LOOKED LIKE

FROM INSIDE THE COCKPIT.

Narrator:
INVESTIGATORS NEED TO UNDERSTAND

WHY THE PILOTS DIDN'T TAKE
CORRECTIVE ACTION

WHEN THEY SAW THE PLANE
WAS GOING OFF COURSE.

TO DO THAT, THEY NEED TO GET
INSIDE THE PILOTS' HEADS.

Stuart: THE KEY THING
THAT WE TRY TO DO

IS TO UNDERSTAND WHY EVENTS
MADE SENSE

FROM THEIR POINT OF VIEW.

I WANTED TO SEE WHAT COULD EACH
PILOT SEE IN THEIR POSITIONS.

WHAT COULD THEY HEAR?

WHAT COULD THEY SEE
OF DIALS MOVING?

WHAT ARE THE FACTORS
IN THAT COCKPIT

THAT MIGHT HAVE LED THEM TO MAKE
THE DECISIONS THEY DID

OVER AND ABOVE WHAT WE'D
ALREADY HEARD FROM THE CVR.

Narrator:
USING THE COMBINED INFORMATION
FROM THE FDR AND THE CVR,

INVESTIGATORS
RECREATE THE FLIGHT

HOPING TO FIND THEIR ANSWER.

Rutherford: AUTOPILOT SET.

Hare: LOCALIZER ALIVE.

GLIDE SLOPE ALIVE.

Rutherford: TRACK.

AUTOPILOT SET TO VOR LOC.

Narrator:
THE PILOTS' CONVERSATION
PROVIDES AN INTRIGUING CLUE.

Hare: FIRST AIR 6560, WE'RE
10 MILES FROM RUNWAY 35-TRUE.

Rutherford: GEAR DOWN.

Narrator: IT'S CLEAR
THEY WERE BOTH EXTREMELY BUSY

PREPARING TO LAND.

Controller: FLIGHT 6560,
REPORT THREE MILES FINAL.

Rutherford: FLAPS 15.

Hare: PLEASE REPEAT
LAST TRANSMISSION.

GEAR DOWN. THREE GREEN.

Controller:
REPORT THREE MILES FINAL.

Macdonald: THERE.

Narrator: SO BUSY, IT SEEMS,
THEY FAILED TO NOTICE

WHEN THE AUTOPILOT SWITCHED
TO THE MANUAL MODE.

Macdonald: THAT'S WHERE
THE AUTOPILOT MODE SWITCHED.

THERE'S A LOT GOING ON
IN THE COCKPIT ALSO

IN THE TURN AT THIS TIME.

YOU KNOW, THEY'RE LOWERING
LANDING GEAR.

THERE'S SOME RADIO CALLS.

THERE'S FLAPS COMING DOWN,

SO THEY'RE NOT NECESSARILY
LOOKING TO SEE

IF THERE'S ONE LIGHT
IN A SEA OF LIGHTS

THAT'S NO LONGER LIT.

AND THERE WAS NO DISCUSSION
ON THE CVR

THAT THEY SAW ANYTHING
RELATED TO THE AUTOPILOT MODE.

Narrator: BUT THERE WERE
OTHER CLEAR SIGNS

THAT THE PLANE WAS NOT LINING UP
WITH THE RUNWAY.

Hare: WE'RE NOT ON TRACK HERE.

WE'RE OFF TO THE RIGHT A BIT.

GPS HAS US GOING OFF
TO THE RIGHT.

Macdonald: HERE AND HERE,

IT'S AS CLEAR AS DAY
THEY'RE WELL OFF COURSE.

Narrator: BOTH THE GPS
AND THE HORIZONTAL INDICATOR

WERE CLEARLY SHOWING THE PLANE
WAS DRIFTING

FURTHER AND FURTHER
FROM THE RUNWAY,

YET THE CAPTAIN DID NOTHING
TO CORRECT THE PROBLEM.

Macdonald: OKAY.

WHAT'S HE THINKING?

Narrator: THE ANSWER
TO THAT CRITICAL QUESTION

IS FINALLY REVEALED
BY THE FDR DATA.

Macdonald:
HIS COMPASS IS DRIFTING.

HE'S OFF BY ABOUT 17 DEGREES.

Narrator:
AN INACCURATE COMPASS READING

GAVE CAPTAIN RUTHERFORD
THE IMPRESSION

THAT HIS PLANE WAS FLYING
BACK TOWARDS THE RUNWAY.

Macdonald:
THE CAPTAIN HAD A PERCEPTION

THAT THEY WERE
ON A CORRECTION COURSE

BACK TOWARDS THE LOCALIZER BEAM

INSTEAD OF ACTUALLY WHAT THEY
WERE DOING WAS PARALLELING.

Narrator: THIS FAR NORTH,

A PILOT SHOULD RECALIBRATE
HIS COMPASS FREQUENTLY.

THAT'S BECAUSE A COMPASS
WILL ALWAYS POINT

TO THE MAGNETIC NORTH POLE,

NOT TO THE GEOGRAPHIC
NORTH POLE--

TWO DIFFERENT POINTS
ON THE GLOBE.

Murphy: THE FURTHER NORTH
YOU TRAVEL WITH A COMPASS,

THE MORE INACCURATE
THE COMPASS IS.

Narrator:
PILOTS HAVE TO USE THEIR GPS

TO GET THE TRUE HEADING
AND ADJUST THEIR INSTRUMENTS.

Rutherford: THERE WE GO.

MIGHT AS WELL DO YOURS, TOO.

HEADING 0-2-9 DEGREES.

Narrator: INVESTIGATORS
ONLY HEAR THE PILOTS

RECALIBRATE THEIR COMPASSES
ONCE DURING THE FLIGHT,

BUT NOT ON FINAL APPROACH.

THE TWO COMPASSES THEN DRIFTED
AT DIFFERENT RATES

AS THEY DESCENDED
TOWARDS RESOLUTE BAY.

Macdonald: RUTHERFORD'S COMPASS
WAS TELLING HIM

THAT HE WAS FLYING 331 DEGREES,

STRAIGHT BACK TOWARDS
THE CENTER LINE OF THE RUNWAY,

BUT HE WAS ACTUALLY FLYING
348 DEGREES

STRAIGHT TOWARDS THE HILL.

Narrator:
THE INACCURATE COMPASS READING

LIKELY CONVINCED
CAPTAIN RUTHERFORD

THAT HIS AUTOPILOT WAS BRINGING
THE PLANE BACK ON TRACK.

EACH PILOT HAD A COMPLETELY
DIFFERENT UNDERSTANDING

OF WHAT WAS GOING ON.

Hare: WE'RE NOT
ON THE LOCALIZER.

Rutherford: OH, WE'RE FINE.

THE AUTOPILOT'S TRACKING
THE LOCALIZER.

Ross: HAVING TWO PILOTS

THAT HAVE DIFFERENT PERCEPTIONS
OF THE SITUATION IS PROBLEMATIC,

AND WHAT YOU NEED TO DO IS BRING
THOSE PERCEPTIONS BACK TOGETHER,

AND IN THIS INSTANCE
THAT NEVER HAPPENED.

Narrator: THE FIRST OFFICER
KEPT TRYING TO WARN THE CAPTAIN

THAT THEY WERE IN TROUBLE.

Hare: I THINK WE SHOULD
ABANDON THE APPROACH,

GO AROUND AND SORT THIS OUT.

Rutherford: NO, WE'RE GOOD.
WE'LL CONTINUE THE APPROACH.

Hare: OKAY.
CONTINUING APPROACH.

Narrator:
AS THE FLIGHT PROGRESSED,

THE GAP BETWEEN EACH PILOT'S
UNDERSTANDING OF THE SITUATION

WIDENED.

Hare: GREEN LIGHT.
GEAR DOWN. THREE GREEN.

Rutherford: FLAPS 40.

GREEN LIGHT.

Stuart: YOU CAN SEE THAT THINGS

ARE STARTING TO HAPPEN
FAIRLY QUICKLY.

THE WORKLOAD'S STARTING
TO PILE UP.

YOU CAN HEAR IT HAPPENING
IN THEIR VOICES.

Hare: SO YOU THINK IT'S FINE.

Rutherford: NOW, LOOK,
THERE'S NOTHING TO WORRY ABOUT.

THE SAME THING JUST HAPPENED
TO ANOTHER PILOT.

WE'LL GET BACK ON THE RUNWAY.

Hare: OKAY, BUT WE'RE
WAY OFF COURSE.

Narrator: WHEN THE PLANE
DIDN'T HEAD BACK TO THE RUNWAY

LIKE HE THOUGHT IT WOULD,

THE CAPTAIN COULDN'T
UNDERSTAND WHY.

Computer: PULL UP.

Hare: GO AROUND.
GO FOR IT.

Narrator:
BY THE TIME THE CREW DECIDES
TO ABANDON THE LANDING...

Hare: GO AROUND!

Rutherford: GO AROUND THRUST.

Narrator: IT'S TOO LATE
TO GET THE POWER THEY NEED

TO CLIMB OUT OF TROUBLE.

TWO SECONDS LATER,

THEY SLAM INTO THE HILL
BESIDE THE RUNWAY.

Murphy:
THERE WERE SO MANY THINGS

THAT HAD TO HAVE HAPPENED
FOR THIS OUTCOME

THAT IF ANY ONE OF THOSE
DIDN'T HAPPEN,

UH, YOU WOULDN'T HAVE HAD
THE ACCIDENT.

Narrator: THE MYSTERY
OF THE FIRST AIR DISASTER

IS FINALLY BECOMING CLEAR,

BUT THERE IS ONE LAST QUESTION
INVESTIGATORS MUST ANSWER.

WHY DIDN'T THE CAPTAIN LISTEN
TO THE ONE PERSON

WHO WAS TRYING SO HARD TO WARN
HIM OF THE IMPENDING DANGER?

Hare: WE'RE NOT
ON THE LOCALIZER.

Rutherford: OH, WE'RE FINE.

THE AUTOPILOT'S TRACKING
THE LOCALIZER.

Narrator: INVESTIGATORS BELIEVE
THAT THE CAPTAIN OF FLIGHT 6560

DIDN'T UNDERSTAND THAT
HIS AIRCRAFT WAS IN DANGER,

DESPITE HIS FIRST OFFICER'S
REPEATED WARNINGS.

Hare: GPS HAS US GOING OFF
TO THE RIGHT.

Ross: I COUNTED 18 STATEMENTS
THAT THE FIRST OFFICER MADE

FROM THE FIRST TIME HE INDICATED
THAT THEY WERE OFF COURSE

UNTIL THEY COLLIDED
WITH THE HILL.

Hare: SO YOU THINK IT'S FINE.

Rutherford: NOW, LOOK.
THERE'S NOTHING TO WORRY ABOUT.

THE SAME THING JUST HAPPENED
TO ANOTHER PILOT.

WE'LL GET BACK ON THE RUNWAY.

Hare: OKAY, BUT WE'RE
WAY OFF COURSE.

Narrator: THE FIRST OFFICER
COULD SEE SOMETHING WAS WRONG.

Hare: WE'RE OVER
THE SHORELINE NOW.

Rutherford: ALL RIGHT.

Narrator:
BUT DID NOT CLEARLY STATE THAT
HE FELT THEY WERE IN DANGER.

Stuart: WE COULD SEE
THAT THE FIRST OFFICER

WAS TRYING A NUMBER
OF DIFFERENT TACKS,

TALKING ABOUT THE GPS, TALKING
ABOUT THE RELATIVE POSITION,

TRYING TO FIND DIFFERENT WAYS
OF APPROACHING THE PROBLEM

AND COMMUNICATING IT
TO THE CAPTAIN.

Hare: BLAIR, I DON'T LIKE THIS.

Narrator: THE PILOTS' RECORDS
PAINT A PICTURE OF TWO MEN

WITH VASTLY DIFFERENT
EXPERIENCE.

FIRST OFFICER HARE
WAS NEW TO THE 737

AND HAD FEWER THAN 5,000 HOURS
IN THE AIR.

CAPTAIN RUTHERFORD HAD

MORE THAN TWICE AS MANY HOURS
IN THE COCKPIT

AND MUCH MORE EXPERIENCE
FLYING IN THE NORTH.

YET, FOR SOME REASON,
HE DIDN'T PICK UP

ON WHAT FIRST OFFICER HARE
WAS TRYING TO TELL HIM.

Stuart: THEY WEREN'T
RESOLVING THE PROBLEM.

AND SO THE QUESTIONS
KEEP PILING UP.

WHY DOES THE FIRST OFFICER
KEEP FOCUSING ON THIS?

WE SHOULD BE CONFIGURED,
WE'RE NOT.

SO HIS PROBLEMS ARE MOUNTING UP
AND MOUNTING UP.

IT GETS HARDER TO PULL YOURSELF
OUT OF ALL OF THOSE THINGS

THAT YOU NEED TO PUT RIGHT.

Hare: MAYBE WE SHOULD GO AROUND.

Rutherford: CONTINUE CONFIGURING
FOR LANDING.

Narrator:
AS THE LESS-EXPERIENCED PILOT,

FIRST OFFICER HARE
MAY HAVE FELT RELUCTANT

TO VOICE HIS CONCERNS
MORE FORCEFULLY.

AS A RESULT
OF THEIR CONCLUSIONS,

THE TSB MAKES
SOME IMPORTANT RECOMMENDATIONS.

Macdonald:
OUR JOB IS TO ILLUMINATE
WHERE THE DEFICIENCIES ARE,

AND THE INDUSTRY
AND THE REGULATOR

WILL TAKE ACTION
TO MITIGATE THOSE RISKS.

THAT'S WHY THE TRANSPORTATION
SAFETY BOARD EXISTS.

Narrator: THE SAFETY BOARD
URGES FIRST AIR

TO REVIEW HOW PILOTS
CALIBRATE THEIR COMPASSES.

Macdonald: GOOD NIGHT.

Narrator: AND TO INSTITUTE
CLEAR POLICIES

ON HOW FIRST OFFICERS
SHOULD TAKE CONTROL

IN DANGEROUS SITUATIONS.

Ross: FIRST AIR MADE CHANGES

TO THEIR CREW RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT TRAINING,

WHEN AND WHO
CAN CALL A GO-AROUND,

HOW THEY DEAL
WITH UNSTABLE APPROACHES.

THEY'VE MADE CHANGES
TO MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES,

SO THERE'S A FAIR BIT
OF SAFETY ACTION

THAT FIRST AIR HAS TAKEN.

Narrator:
THE CRASH OF FLIGHT 6560

BROUGHT TERRIBLE GRIEF
TO CANADA'S NORTH,

BUT THERE IS ONE RAY OF LIGHT
THAT CONTINUES TO SHINE.

GABRIELLE PELKY RETURNED TO
SCHOOL IN THE AUTUMN OF 2011.

Audla: SHE'S HAPPY-GO-LUCKY.

SHE'S STILL, I'D SAY,
A STAR IN HER CLASSROOM.

Narrator:
GEOLOGIST NICOLE WILLIAMSON

HAS REMAINED CLOSE
WITH GABRIELLE,

BUILDING A FRIENDSHIP

THAT IS HELPING THE YOUNG
STUDENT REBUILD HER LIFE.

Audla: SHE'S COPING QUITE WELL.

SHE'S, SHE'S AMA--
AN AMAZING LITTLE GIRL.

A MIRACLE.