All language subtitles for NASAs.Unexplained.Files.S06E04.Plutos.Evil.Twin.1080p.AMZN.WEB-DL.DD+2.0.H.264-BATMAN_track3_[eng]

Narrator: WHEN IS AN ASTEROID
NOT AN ASTEROID?

WHEN IT'S A GIANT SPACESHIP.

IT'S SPINNING AS THOUGH IT'S
CREATING ARTIFICIAL GRAVITY.

Narrator: HOW TO FIGHT INVADERS
FROM OUTER SPACE...

THE ONLY WAY TO FIGHT
AGAINST SUCH HIGH TECH

WOULD BE LOW TECH.

SMALL POCKETS OF HUMANITY
HAVING A GUERILLA WAR.

Narrator: ...AND SURVIVING
THE END OF THE UNIVERSE.

THIS IS LIKE THE ULTIMATE
DOOMSDAY PREPPING,

BUT YOU'RE GONNA NEED MORE
THAN A FEW CANS OF BEANS

AND SOME GAS MASKS.

--Captions by VITAC--
www.vitac.com

CAPTIONS PAID FOR BY
DISCOVERY COMMUNICATIONS

Narrator: THESE ARE
"NASA'S UNEXPLAINED FILES."

♪♪

APRIL 2016.

NASA'S PIONEERING NEW HORIZONS
PROBE REACHES THE KUIPER BELT --

A DARK, DISTANT REGION OF SPACE
AT THE EDGE OF OUR SOLAR SYSTEM.

AS THE NEW HORIZONS PROBE MOVES
BEYOND ITS FIRST TARGET, PLUTO,

ITS SENSORS CAPTURE
A LARGE OBJECT

ON A MYSTERIOUS TRAJECTORY.

SCIENTISTS GIVE IT
AN OMINOUS NAME -- ARAWN.

ARAWN IS NAMED AFTER
THE CELTIC GOD OF DEATH,

WAR, TERROR, REVENGE.

NOT A PLEASANT PERSON,
AS YOU CAN WELL IMAGINE.

Narrator: WHATEVER ARAWN IS,
IT'S BEHAVING STRANGELY.

IT SEEMS ILLUMINATED,
BUT THEN IT GOES DARK.

IT LIGHTS UP AND DARKENS
IN A PRECISE RHYTHM.

SCIENTISTS REALIZE THAT
THIS OBJECT IS ROTATING.

IF IT'S SPINNING ONCE
EVERY FIVE AND A HALF HOURS,

THAT MEANS THE FRONT EDGE
IS LIKE 50 MILES AN HOUR.

SO, THAT'S LIKE SOMETHING THE
SIZE OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE

COMPLETING A FULL SPIN
IN ABOUT A QUARTER OF A DAY.

Narrator: SCIENTISTS EXPECT
THE KUIPER BELT

TO BE FILLED WITH OBJECTS
MADE OF ROCK AND ICE.

BUT ARAWN'S SPIN SUGGESTS
IT IS MADE OF SOMETHING ELSE.

ARAWN IS SPINNING SO FAST

THAT THE CENTRIFUGAL FORCE
COULD ACTUALLY TEAR IT APART.

IS IT MADE OF SOMETHING STRONGER
THAN ROCK AND ICE?

Narrator: NEW HORIZONS MOVES IN

SO ITS SENSORS
CAN GET A CLOSER LOOK.

WHATEVER ARAWN IS,
WE'RE ABOUT TO FIND OUT.

BUT AT THE CRUCIAL MOMENT,
THE PROBE CIRCUITS SUDDENLY,

INEXPLICABLE, GO DEAD.

ALL OF A SUDDEN,
TRANSMISSION WAS CUT OFF.

THIS SUGGESTS THAT SOMEONE
IS MONITORING OUR VERY PRESENCE.

Hadhazy:
WHEN YOU'RE A MISSION OPERATOR,

IT'S REALLY ONE OF THE LAST
THINGS THAT YOU'D WANT TO SEE.

YOU'RE VERY CONCERNED THAT THERE
COULD BE SOMETHING

SERIOUSLY WRONG
WITH YOUR SPACECRAFT,

AND IT'S JEOPARDIZING
THE MISSION.

IT DOES BEG THE QUESTION
IS SOMEONE

OR SOMETHING TRYING TO JAM
NASA'S SIGNAL?

Narrator:
BEFORE CONTACT IS LOST,

SCIENTISTS SEE THAT ARAWN
IS SPINNING

IN A MANNER CONSISTENT
WITH A LARGE SPACESHIP.

IT'S SPINNING AS FAST AS IT IS

AS THOUGH IT'S CREATING
ARTIFICIAL GRAVITY.

Narrator: SPINNING CREATES AN
ARTIFICIAL-GRAVITY ENVIRONMENT

WITHIN THE HOLLOW CENTER
OF THE OBJECT.

LIKE AN INVERTED PLANET WITH
THE SURFACE ON THE INSIDE

RATHER THAN THE OUTSIDE.

NASA RECOGNIZES THAT LONG-HAUL
SPACE TRAVEL

WILL ONLY BE POSSIBLE

IF WE CAN
SOMEHOW REPLICATE GRAVITY.

IT'S NOT ONLY GOOD
TO KEEP YOU HEALTHY

BECAUSE OUR
BODY'S USED TO GRAVITY,

BUT ALSO, IT'S JUST MUCH EASIER
TO GET THINGS DONE

IF YOU'RE NOT
FLOATING AROUND THE ROOM.

Narrator: ANALYSTS COMPARE
THE MYSTERY OBJECT CALLED ARAWN

WITH NASA'S ATTEMPTS
AT RE-CREATING GRAVITY IN SPACE.

THESE, TOO, WERE BASED ON
THE CONCEPT OF A SPINNING SHIP.

ENGINEERS, SCIENTISTS LOOKED AT
CONCEPTS FOR ARTIFICIAL GRAVITY.

GIGANTIC STRUCTURES IN SPACE

SPINNING AROUND WHERE
ON THE OUTER EDGES,

YOU HAD FORESTS,
YOU HAD CITIES,

YOU HAD PLACES
WHERE PEOPLE COULD LIVE.

Narrator: IN THE 1960s, NASA
BEGINS GROUND-BASED EXPERIMENTS

ON ARTIFICIAL GRAVITY,

BUILDING A HUGE RESEARCH
FACILITY AT LANGLEY.

ITS CENTERPIECE
IS A SPACE-STATION-SCALE

SPINNING RIG
DESIGNED FOR HUMAN GUINEA PIGS.

Orwoll: THEY WOULD SUSPEND
A TEST SUBJECT SIDEWAYS,

SPIN THE WHEEL -- IT'S ABOUT
40 FOOT IN DIAMETER --

HAVE THEM STAND
ON THE INNER PARTS THERE,

AND AS IT WENT NINE REVOLUTIONS
A MINUTE,

IT WAS ABOUT
HALF OF EARTH'S GRAVITY.

Hadhazy: THAT MUST HAVE BEEN
THE WEIRDEST EXPERIENCE.

IT'S LIKE A FAIRGROUND RIDE
ON STEROIDS.

I WOULD NEVER GET ON THIS THING.

Narrator: NEITHER NASA
NOR ANY OTHER SPACE AGENCY

IS ANYWHERE NEAR BUILDING
A SPINNING SPACECRAFT

ON THE SCALE OF ARAWN.

WHAT'S MORE -- WHATEVER KIND OF
CREATURE MIGHT BE INSIDE ARAWN,

IT'S UNLIKELY THAT
THEY'RE ANYTHING LIKE US.

NEUROPSYCHOLOGIST
DR. JANNA KAPLAN

FROM BRANDEIS UNIVERSITY

HAS BEEN STUDYING THE EFFECTS
OF ARTIFICIAL GRAVITY ON HUMANS.

SO, THE ROOM IS STATIONARY.

WE'RE JUST ABOUT
TO START SPINNING.

ALBERTO, YOU CAN START.

Alberto: OKAY, JANNA,
WE ARE STARTING NOW.

GOING UP IN SPEED.

SO, THE ROOM WILL ACCELERATE
TO 10 RPM,

WHICH IS ONE COMPLETE REVOLUTION
EVERY SIX SECONDS.

Narrator: KAPLAN'S WORK
HAS HIGHLIGHTED

THE IMMENSE DIFFICULTIES

OF CREATING AND SURVIVING
ARTIFICIAL GRAVITY.

EVEN WALKING IS HARD.

Kaplan: WHEN YOU MAKE A STEP,

YOUR LEG IS A SUBJECT
TO CORIOLIS FORCE DEVIATION.

Narrator: THE CORIOLIS FORCE
IS A BIZARRE EFFECT

THAT ONLY HAPPENS
IN ROTATING ENVIRONMENTS.

IT CAUSES STRAIGHT-LINE
MOTIONS TO BEND.

AND IT'S NOT THE ONLY PROBLEM

HUMANS WOULD FACE
IN A SPINNING CRAFT.

Kaplan:
WE EXPERIENCE MOTION SICKNESS.

THERE'S CONFUSION.

THE PERSON IS, FOR ALL PRACTICAL
PURPOSES, DYSFUNCTIONAL.

I WOULD ESTIMATE WE MAYBE HAVE
10 MORE MINUTES.

I FEEL KIND OF A COLD SWEAT.

I CAN SEE THE PROGRESSION
OF THE SYMPTOMS.

THE SWEAT IS NOW
OVER MY WHOLE BODY.

Hadhazy: THERE'S A FINE LINE
BETWEEN HOW MUCH SPINNING

THE HUMAN BODY CAN TOLERATE.

YOU START SPINNING TOO FAST,

YOU'RE GONNA START
BLOWING CHUNKS.

Narrator: IN SPACE,
THAT CAN BE DISASTROUS.

IT'LL SPREAD AROUND
AND CONTAMINATE THE AIR

THAT YOU BREATHE AND CAN CAUSE
SHORT CIRCUITS

IN YOUR ELECTRONICS.

IT CAN BE EXTREMELY DANGEROUS.

Narrator:
HUMANS ARE SOME WAY OFF

MASTERING ARTIFICIAL GRAVITY.

AND INDEED, ALTHOUGH ARAWN'S
50-MILE-AN-HOUR SURFACE SPIN

IS FAST ENOUGH
TO CREATE GRAVITY,

IT'S NOT ENOUGH GRAVITY
FOR HUMAN PASSENGERS.

IF ARAWN IS SOME KIND OF CRAFT,

IT'S MANNED BY BEINGS
WHO ARE NOTHING LIKE US.

THE QUESTION IS WHAT
ARE THEY DOING THERE?

Hadhazy:
IF ARAWN IS A SPACECRAFT,

WHY IS IT SPINNING SO SLOWLY?

IT COULD BE THAT WHAT IS LIVING
ON IT IS NOT HUMAN-LIKE.

COULD IT BE THAT WHAT'S ON IT
IS NOT A CREATURE

THAT NEEDS ARTIFICIAL GRAVITY
THE WAY THAT WE DO?

♪♪

Narrator: ALIEN BEINGS ABLE TO
OPERATE IN A GRAVITY ENVIRONMENT

AS LOW AS THIS WOULD LOOK
VERY DIFFERENT TO US.

IT WILL BE A VERY
DIFFERENT BODY.

MORE LIKE A BLOB
WITH SOME TENTACLES.

Hadhazy:
YOU COULD HAVE SOMETHING
LIKE YOUR VITAL ORGANS,

THE BRAIN -- EVERYTHING'S
KIND OF CENTRALLY LOCATED.

AND THEN JUST SQUID TENTACLES,
ALMOST LIKE A SEA URCHIN.

Narrator: AND THERE'S GOOD
REASON FOR THE ARAWNITES

TO SKULK IN THE KUIPER BELT,
FAR FROM THE NEAREST PLANET.

Hadhazy: GIVEN THAT THERE ARE
TRILLIONS OF OBJECTS

OUT THERE IN THE KUIPER BELT
AND THEY'RE TOO FAR AWAY

AND TOO DARK
FOR US TO REALLY SEE,

IF YOU WERE AN ALIEN THAT WANTED
TO SET UP AN OBSERVATION POST

TO STUDY THESE FUNKY CREATURES
CALLED HUMANS ON EARTH,

THAT'D BE A PRETTY GOOD PLACE
TO SET IT UP.

Hovland: IF YOU'RE
A ZERO-GRAVITY LIFE-FORM,

YOU WANT TO SKIRT
VERY CAUTIOUSLY

AROUND THE PLANETARY ZONE.

SUDDENLY, PLACES LIKE EARTH
BECOME A DANGER ZONE,

A VERITABLE BLACK HOLE.

Hadhazy: IF THEY TRIED TO WALK
AROUND ON EARTH'S SURFACE,

THEY WOULD JUST GET MUSHED.

IT WOULD NOT BE A GOOD PLACE
FOR THEM.

Narrator: AS THE NEW HORIZONS
PROBE MOVES AWAY FROM ARAWN,

IT SPOOKILY FLICKERS
BACK TO LIFE.

WHATEVER HAPPENED TO
NEW HORIZONS COMPUTERS,

IT PREVENTED NASA
FROM FINDING OUT THE TRUTH

ABOUT THE INTRIGUING
SPINNING OBJECT.

THE ORIGIN AND NATURE OF ARAWN
REMAINS A MYSTERY.

Hadhazy: WE DON'T HAVE
ANY NEW MISSIONS

PLANNED TO THE KUIPER BELT
AT THIS TIME.

IT COULD BE THAT WE ARE
IN THE DARK ON WHAT ARAWN IS

FOR A VERY LONG TIME.

♪♪

Narrator: AUGUST 30, 2018.

THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION

ORBITING 250 MILES
ABOVE OUR PLANET

IS ABOUT TO BECOME
THE FIRST CRIME SCENE IN SPACE.

ON BOARD, THERE'S
AN INTERNATIONAL CREW OF SIX,

INCLUDING COMMANDER
DREW FEUSTEL,

ONE OF NASA'S MOST
EXPERIENCED ASTRONAUTS.

HE'S JOINED BY FELLOW AMERICANS
RICHARD ARNOLD

AND SERENA AUñóN-CHANCELLOR.

AT THE START OF MISSION DAY 88,

FEUSTEL RECEIVES A CHILLING
MESSAGE FROM MISSION CONTROL.

THE SPACE STATION HAS BEEN
BREACHED.

THEY'RE SAYING THE PRESSURE
IS DROPPING,

AND IT SHOULDN'T BE DROPPING.

WE HAVE A LEAK SOMEWHERE.

RAPID DECOMPRESSION IS SOMETHING
WE'RE ALWAYS WORRIED ABOUT,

THE INTEGRITY OF THE HULL.

THE ASSUMPTION IS ALWAYS
THAT A HOLE CAN ONLY GET BIGGER

IF YOU GET A RAPID
DECOMPRESSION.

THAT'S YOUR LIFE.

Narrator: PRESSURE LOSS WOULD
MEAN THE LUNGS OF FEUSTEL

AND HIS CREW EXPAND
AND TEAR UNTIL FINALLY,

JUST SECONDS LATER,

THEY DIE EITHER OF SUFFOCATION
OR OF A MASSIVE HEART ATTACK.

THIS IS AN INCREDIBLY
TENSE SITUATION.

THE ASTRONAUTS KNOW THAT
THEIR LIVES ARE ON THE LINE.

Narrator: COMING UP...

THE RUSSIANS CLAIM THE HOLE IS
THE WORK OF A ROGUE ASTRONAUT.

IMAGINE ONE OF YOUR TEAM
IS TRYING TO KILL THE CREW.

IT'S A TERRIFYING THOUGHT.

Narrator: AND WHEN ALIENS
INVADE, WHAT CAN YOU DO TO HELP?

IF YOU'RE PART
OF THE SPACE FORCE,

YOU TRULY ARE HUMANITY'S
FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE.

Narrator:
A HOLE HAS BEEN DRILLED

IN THE INTERNATIONAL
SPACE STATION.

THE CREW BEGINS A FRANTIC
ATTEMPT TO ISOLATE THE LEAK

IN THE 32,000-CUBIC-FOOT CRAFT.

STEP ONE, YOU GO SOMEWHERE
IN THE MIDDLE OF THAT

INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION,
AND YOU CLOSE THE HATCH.

AND NOW YOU LOOK AT PRESSURE
GAUGES ON EACH SIDE,

AND YOU SAY,
"WELL, THIS ONE'S STEADY.

THIS ONE'S STILL SINKING."

THEN THEY GO INTO A DIFFERENT
MODULE, CLOSE ANOTHER DOOR DOWN.

WHICH SIDE OF THE DOOR
IS THE LEAK HAPPENING?

Narrator: FINALLY, THE CREW
ISOLATES THE PROBLEM

TO THE RECENTLY ARRIVED
SOYUZCAPSULE.

ARMED WITH A PINHOLE CAMERA,
GERMAN ASTRONAUT

ALEXANDER GERST FRANTICALLY
SEARCHES ITS WALLS.

WELL, IT'S LIKE FINDING A NEEDLE
IN A HAYSTACK.

THERE ARE SO MANY PLACES IN THAT
SPACE WHERE THAT LEAK COULD BE.

Zak: HE PEELS OUT THE LITTLE
DECORATIVE COVER,

AND IMMEDIATELY,

THEY REALIZE THAT THAT'S
THE SOURCE OF THE PROBLEM.

Narrator: BEHIND A PIECE OF
FABRIC ON THE ALUMINUM WALL

OF SOYUZ,GERST FINDS
A SMALL ROUND HOLE --

THE SOURCE OF THE HULL BREACH.

THE RUSSIAN CREW GOES TO WORK,

FIXING THE HOLE
WITH RESIN AND TAPE.

BUT WHEN FEUSTEL SENDS IMAGES
OF THE HOLE TO NASA,

THE AGENCY IS STUNNED.

THE HOLE IS ALMOST TOO REGULAR
TO HAVE BEEN AN ACCIDENT,

WHICH MEANS IT'S MAN-MADE,
AND THAT IS QUITE SHOCKING.

IT'S KIND OF LIKE A GUY
TRYING TO DRILL

THAT CAN'T QUITE, YOU KNOW,
LINE IT UP RIGHT,

SCRATCH, SCRATCH, SCRATCH
AND FINALLY, HE PUNCTURED IT.

Narrator: WHEN RUSSIA'S
ROSCOSMOS SEE THE IMAGE

OF AN ALMOST PERFECTLY
ROUND HOLE,

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
GO INTO FREE FALL.

Zak: SO, NUMBER OF OFFICIALS
IN RUSSIA

IMPLIED THAT THE HOLE
ON THE SOYUZ

WAS DRILLED DELIBERATELY.

Shira Teitel: FORMER COSMONAUT
MAKSIM SURAYEV

WENT SO FAR AS TO SUGGEST

THAT THE HOLE
WAS DELIBERATELY CREATED

BY A MENTALLY UNSTABLE
CREW MEMBER.

Narrator: NASA STRENUOUSLY
DEFENDS ITS CREW,

BUT FORMER AMERICAN
ASTRONAUT JERRY LINENGER

CLAIMS A ROGUE SPACEMAN
CANNOT BE DISCOUNTED.

I'LL TELL YOU FROM MY OWN
EXPERIENCE,

FIVE MONTHS ON A SPACE STATION
THAT'S FAILING DAY AFTER DAY,

YOU HAVE TO ALMOST TALK
TO YOURSELF

TO STAY ON THAT EVEN KEEL.

AND SO WHEN THEY'RE THINKING
POTENTIALLY AN ASTRONAUT

INTENTIONALLY DRILLED A HOLE,
I THINK IT'S WORTH LOOKING AT.

Narrator: DRILLS ARE STORED
ON THE I.S.S.,

A POTENTIAL WEAPON

FOR AN UNSTABLE CREWMAN
WITH MURDER IN MIND.

IT'S A HUGE
PSYCHOLOGICAL PRESSURE

TO BE IN A LITTLE CAN
FOR MONTHS.

EVEN THE MOST STABLE PEOPLE

MAY BECOME IRRITATED
AND ANGRY.

IMAGINE ONE OF YOUR TEAM
IS TRYING TO KILL THE CREW.

IT'S A TERRIFYING THOUGHT.

Narrator:
CLAUSTROPHOBIA AND ISOLATION

CAN COMBINE TO SMASH THE MIND

OF EVEN THE MOST
LEVEL-HEADED ASTRONAUT.

SCIENTISTS ARE KEENLY AWARE
OF THE DAMAGE

AN UNSTABLE CREW
MEMBER COULD INFLICT,

BUT NASA INVESTIGATORS
START TO TAKE APART

THE ROGUE ASTRONAUT THEORY.

THAT DRILLING OF THAT HOLE
IS NOT GONNA BE VERY QUIET.

THE SENSORS ON THE STATION

ARE GONNA DETECT SOME
VIBRATION FROM THE DRILLING.

IT'S JUST NOT CREDIBLE THAT
THE HOLE WAS DRILLED IN ORBIT.

Narrator: WITH AN ASTRONAUT
UNLIKELY TO BE THE CULPRIT,

INVESTIGATORS TURN THEIR
ATTENTION TO SUSPECTS ON EARTH.

IF THE HOLE WAS DRILLED
ON THE GROUND,

THAT BROADENS THE POSSIBILITIES
OF WHO MIGHT WANT TO BE

SABOTAGING THE STATION
AND WHO MIGHT BE AT FAULT.

Narrator:
THERE'S NO WAY

ROSCOSMOS WOULD DELIBERATELY
DAMAGE ITS OWN SPACECRAFT,

LEADING INVESTIGATORS TO ASK

WHETHER A CRIMINAL OR TERRORIST
DRILLED THE HOLE

BEFORE SOYUZGOT
TO THE LAUNCH PAD.

Zak: MAYBE SOMEBODY WANTED
TO SABOTAGE THE SPACECRAFT

FOR SOME OTHER REASONS,
WHICH CAN BE PLENTY OF.

WE CAN COME UP
WITH ALL KINDS OF SCENARIOS.

THE QUESTIONS THAT COME
INTO MY MIND IS,

"WELL, IF THIS WAS A MISTAKE,
WHY DIDN'T THE OPERATOR STOP?

WHY DID THE OPERATOR
CONTINUE TO DRILL

ALL THE WAY THROUGH THE HULL?"

IT'S GONNA TAKE SOME TIME
AND EFFORT

TO DRILL THROUGH
ALL THAT ALUMINUM.

THE FACT THAT THERE
IS ONE HOLE...

AND IT'S GREAT THAT
THEY FIXED THAT ONE,

BUT THE BIGGER CONCERN
WAS HOW DID THIS HAPPEN,

COULD THERE BE OTHER HOLES
THAT ARE THERE NOW

OR THAT COULD HAPPEN
IN THE NEAR FUTURE?

Narrator:
SOMEWHERE ON THE GROUND,

A SPACE SABOTEUR
MIGHT REMAIN ON THE LOOSE.

IT'S A CHILLING PROSPECT,
EVEN FOR THE BRAVEST ASTRONAUT.

Chiao:
I WOULD BE A LITTLE CONCERNED

BECAUSE IF SOMEBODY
DELIBERATELY DID THIS,

THEN I WOULD KIND OF WONDER,

"OKAY, WHAT ELSE MIGHT BE WRONG
WITH MY SPACECRAFT?"

♪♪

Narrator: JUNE 18, 2018.

PRESIDENT DONALD TRUMP
STUNS THE WORLD

WITH A MOMENTOUS ANNOUNCEMENT.

I'M HEREBY DIRECTING
THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

AND PENTAGON TO IMMEDIATELY
BEGIN THE PROCESS NECESSARY

TO ESTABLISH A SPACE FORCE

AS THE SIXTH BRANCH
OF THE ARMED FORCES.

THIS IS INTENDED TO BE
THE NEW BRANCH OF THE MILITARY

WITH AN EXTRATERRESTRIAL
COMPONENT.

THE QUESTION IS WHO IS HE
EXPECTING TO BE THE ENEMY?

WHAT KIND OF BATTLE
ARE WE PREPARING FOR?

Narrator: PRESIDENT TRUMP
DID NAME THE ENEMIES

AGAINST WHICH SPACE FORCE
WAS SET UP TO DEFEND.

CERTAINLY, THERE IS NO SHORTAGE

OF POTENTIAL FUTURE
AGGRESSORS ON EARTH.

♪♪

Szulgit: IN 2007,
CHINA LAUNCHED A MISSILE

AT ONE OF THEIR OWN
DEFUNCT SATELLITES,

DESTROYING IT
AT OVER 500 MILES UP,

DEMONSTRATING A TREMENDOUS
SHOW OF STRENGTH.

Gutheinz: THE PURPOSE WAS
A MILITARY PURPOSE.

IT WAS THAT "WE'RE GONNA SEE
IF WE CAN KNOCK

THIS SATELLITE OUT OF THE SKY,
AND THEN WE KNOW

WE CAN DO THE SAME THING
TO AN AMERICAN SATELLITE."

Narrator:
THE NEW U.S. SPACE FORCE

IS A SIGNIFICANT ADDITION

TO AMERICA'S CURRENT
SPACE-WAR CAPABILITIES.

AN ENTITY HAS EXISTED FOR QUITE
A LONG TIME THAT HAS HAD,

IN A SENSE, DOMAIN OVER ISSUES
RELATED TO SPACE,

OUTSIDE OF NASA'S ACTIVITY --
THE AIR FORCE SPACE COMMAND.

[ ALARM BLARING ]

Narrator:
AIR FORCE SPACE COMMAND

HAS 30,000 PERSONNEL WORLDWIDE

AND CONTROL OVER SATELLITES,
AIRCRAFT,

RADAR, ANTI-MISSILE SYSTEMS,
AND ORBITAL LAUNCHERS.

BUT THE NEW SPACE FORCE
WILL BE MUCH MORE.

NEW KINDS OF VEHICLES,

NEW KINDS OF WEAPONS
FOR A NEW KIND OF WAR,

AND POSSIBLY
A NEW KIND OF ENEMY.

SPACE FORCE IS COMING,

AND IT'S MOST LIKELY TO PROTECT
US FROM THREATS FROM EARTH,

WITH THE WEAPONS POINTED
BACKWARDS AT EARTH,

BUT IS IT POSSIBLE
THAT THEY MIGHT NEED TO BE

POINTING OUTWARDS, AS WELL?

COULD THE PRESIDENT HAVE
SOME KIND OF INFORMATION

THAT'S DRIVING THE URGENCY
TO LAUNCH OUR DEFENSES

BEFORE IT'S TOO LATE?

♪♪

Narrator: COMING UP...

HOW TO MAKE AN ALIEN
REGRET INVADING EARTH...

WE'RE GOING TO HAVE TO DEVELOP
NEW CAPABILITIES,

'CAUSE RIGHT NOW, HUMANITY
ONLY HAS A HANDFUL OF OPTIONS.

Narrator: ...AND A SPACE ROCK
FROM THE GODS

FOUND IN A PHARAOH'S NECKLACE.

THE EGYPTIANS HAD A STRONG
AFFINITY FOR OUTER SPACE.

WHAT POWERS DID THEY THINK
THAT THIS GEM POSSESSED?

Narrator: SPACE FORCE.

ANALYSTS WANT TO KNOW
WHY THE U.S. PRESIDENT

LAUNCHES A NEW SPACE BRANCH
OF THE MILITARY.

SOME POINT TO A DIRE WARNING
GIVEN BY GENIUS

ASTROPHYSICIST STEPHEN HAWKING
TO THE GOVERNMENTS OF THE WORLD

JUST TWO YEARS BEFORE SPACE
FORCE WAS FORMALLY ANNOUNCED.

HE WAS CONCERNED THAT
ANY SPACEFARING ALIENS

MIGHT BE PREDATORY NOMADS

OR BENT ON CONQUERING WORLDS
FOR RESOURCES.

Narrator: HE CAUTIONED THAT
THE MESSAGES AND SIGNALS

WE HAVE SENT OUT INTO THE COSMOS
OVER THE LAST 50 YEARS

AS WE SEARCHED FOR ALIEN LIFE
COULD INVITE A LETHAL RESPONSE.

STEPHEN HAWKING WAS ACTUALLY
VERY WORRIED ABOUT THIS.

HE FELT LIKE WE SHOULDN'T
BE CASTING SIGNALS

OUT INTO THE DARKNESS

BECAUSE THERE MAY BE
OTHER SPECIES OUT THERE

WHO WILL SEE OUR BEACON AND WIPE
US OUT IN ONE WAY OR ANOTHER.

Narrator: SPACE FORCE COULD BE
THE FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE

IN THE EVENT
OF AN ATTACK FROM SPACE.

WHAT IF WE WERE BEING INVADED
FROM ANOTHER STAR SYSTEM?

WELL, WE WOULD AT LEAST HAVE
A FOOTHOLD NOW IN SPACE.

WE COULD FIGHT THEM IN SPACE
AND NOT ON OUR PLANET.

Narrator:
AMERICA IS WELL PLACED

TO BUILD SPACE FORCE
AN AWESOME ARSENAL.

LASER-ARMED SATELLITES
COULD PROVIDE DEFENSE

WHILE THE ORBIT-CAPABLE X-37B

COULD EVOLVE INTO A DEADLY
COMBAT SPACE FIGHTER.

BUT THERE IS NO GUARANTEE
AN EXTRATERRESTRIAL ATTACK

WOULD FOLLOW ANY RULES
OF CONVENTIONAL WAR.

THERE ARE ALL SORTS OF WAYS
TO INVADE A PLANET.

YOU COULD SEND SUPERBUGS

ON MICROMETEORITES
INTO THE ATMOSPHERE.

YOU COULD JUST SEND
GIANT ASTEROIDS AT THE PLANET.

BUT IF YOU WANTED THE PLANET
FOR A REASON,

THEN YOU JUST WANTED
TO EXTERMINATE THE PEOPLE THERE.

THEN YOU WOULD HAVE TO SHOW UP
WITH A GROUND FORCE

TO HOLD THE TERRITORY.

Narrator: IF TRUMP'S SPACE FORCE
FAILS TO SAFEGUARD THE PLANET

AND ALIENS LAND,

IS THERE A BACKUP PLAN IN PLACE
TO FIGHT THEM ON OUR OWN TURF?

IF THE PENTAGON HAS PLANS
FOR SUCH A SCENARIO,

THEY REMAIN CLASSIFIED.

LET'S ASSUME IT'S SOME BIG
MOTHER SHIP SHOWS UP

AND IT'S AN ALL-OUT ATTACK
ON THE PLANET.

ANY CIVILIZATION THAT'S ABLE
TO CROSS LIGHT-YEARS OF SPACE

IS GONNA BE SO FAR AHEAD OF US
THAT IT WOULD BE LUDICROUS

TO THINK
THAT WE COULD DEFEND AGAINST.

YOU KNOW, IT WOULD BE LIKE
A STONE-AGE TRIBE

GOING AGAINST AN F-35.

♪♪

Narrator: IF THE ARSENAL FAILS
TO REPEL THE ALIENS

AND THEY MAKE IT TO EARTH,

EXPERTS WARN THAT HUMANITY
WOULD HAVE LITTLE CHANCE

IN A CONVENTIONAL BATTLE

AGAINST THE TECHNOLOGICALLY
ADVANCED AGGRESSOR

FROM ANOTHER WORLD.

IF WE WERE INVADED BY ANY ALIENS
WHO HAD ENOUGH TECHNOLOGY

TO CROSS THE GALAXY
WITH THEIR FORCES,

I WOULD THINK THEY COULD TAKE
OUT SPACE FORCE IN A MINUTE,

THEY COULD TAKE OUT
ALL OF THE WORLD'S

INDUSTRIAL-MILITARY COMPLEXES.

Narrator:
BUT ALL MAY NOT BE LOST.

CUTTING-EDGE TECHNOLOGY DOES NOT
ALWAYS GUARANTEE VICTORY,

AS U.S. FORCES LEARNED
IN VIETNAM

AND SOVIET FORCES
DISCOVERED IN AFGHANISTAN.

♪♪

Szulgit: THE ONLY WAY TO FIGHT
AGAINST SUCH HIGH TECH

WOULD BE LOW TECH.

MAYBE IT WOULD TURN INTO
SMALL POCKETS OF HUMANITY

HAVING A GUERILLA WAR.

Narrator: THE ABILITY OF
INDIVIDUALS IN SMALL GROUPS

TO SURVIVE AND FIGHT BACK

COULD MAKE THEM
THE LAST LINE OF DEFENSE

AGAINST ANY PLANETARY INVASION.

Taylor: NOW, WHAT WE WOULD HAVE
TO HOPE TO DO IS TO DIG IN

AND HAVE SOME OF US SURVIVE
THE INITIAL ATTACK

AND THEN WHAT WE'D DO IS END UP
FIGHTING AN ASYMMETRIC WAR

WHERE WE'RE THE INSURGENTS
AND THE REBELS.

Narrator: AMERICA KEEPS ITS
DEFENSE PLANS CLOSELY GUARDED,

BUT ONE THING
THAT IS NOT A SECRET --

IN THE EVENT OF
A CATASTROPHIC STRIKE,

WHAT REMAINS OF GOVERNMENT
WOULD RELOCATE

TO THE RAVEN ROCK
MOUNTAIN COMPLEX.

FROM THIS SUBTERRANEAN BASE,
COMMANDERS WILL ATTEMPT

TO COORDINATE WHAT'S LEFT
OF THE MILITARY, MILITIAS,

AND INDIVIDUALS AS THEY WAGE
A RESISTANCE GUERILLA FIGHTBACK.

THE CONCEPT OF HUMANITY
BEING INVADED

BY AN ADVANCED ALIEN RACE,
IT'S TERRIFYING,

BUT THERE IS A POSSIBILITY
THAT WE COULD SURVIVE.

[ ELECTRICITY CRACKLES ]

Narrator: THE MORE WE HUMANS
VENTURE INTO SPACE,

THE MORE ATTENTION
WE'RE LIKELY TO ATTRACT

FROM WHATEVER'S OUT THERE.

BUT SOME SAY IT'S A JOURNEY
WE NEED TO MAKE.

WE WANT TO GO AND FIND
WHAT'S OUT THERE

BEFORE IT COMES TO FIND US.

♪♪

Narrator:
NOVEMBER 26, 1922 -- EGYPT.

THE ANCIENT CIVILIZATION
OF THE PHARAOHS

IS BEING REDISCOVERED
FROM BENEATH THE DESERT SANDS.

ITS TREASURES
ARE SO MAGNIFICENT,

MANY ARE SPECULATING WHETHER
ITS MONUMENTAL CONSTRUCTIONS

WERE THE WORK OF MEN
OR OF GODS FROM THE STARS.

IN THE VALLEY OF THE KINGS,

THE FAMOUS ARCHEOLOGIST
HOWARD CARTER

BREAKS THE SEAL
TO A 3,200-YEAR-OLD ROYAL TOMB.

AS HE PASSES A CANDLE INSIDE,
HE REALIZES THIS WILL BE

ONE OF THE GREATEST
DISCOVERIES IN HISTORY.

SOMEONE SAYS TO HIM,
"WHAT DO YOU SEE INSIDE?"

AND AS HE PEERS THROUGH
INTO THE DARKNESS,

THE BEAM OF LIGHT FALLING UPON
THE GLITTERING OBJECTS WITHIN,

HE SAYS, "WONDERFUL THINGS."

Zimmerman: THEY CAME TO FIND
OVER 3,000 ARTIFACTS IN THERE,

MANY MADE OF SOLID GOLD.

INCREDIBLE CRAFTSMANSHIP.

IT HAD TO HAVE TAKEN
HIS BREATH AWAY.

THESE WERE RICHES BEYOND BELIEF.

Narrator: BUT THE MOST
INCREDIBLE OBJECT IN THE TOMB

IS IN A SECOND ROOM
HIDDEN DEEP IN THE CHAMBER.

SO, IN THE TOMB, THERE IS A ROOM
CALLED THE TREASURY.

AND WITHIN THIS ROOM,

CARTER DISCOVERED A BOX
MADE OF EBONY AND IVORY.

AND INSIDE THIS BOX,
THEY FOUND A NECKLACE

THAT HAD
DIFFERENT SYMBOLS ON IT.

AND THEN IN THE CENTER
OF THE NECKLACE,

THERE IS THIS BEAUTIFUL SCARAB.

Zimmerman:
THIS SCARAB IS NOT MADE OF GOLD

LIKE SO MANY
OF THE ARTIFACTS ARE.

IT'S MADE OF A VERY UNUSUAL
YELLOW GEMSTONE,

SOMETHING THAT IS NOT
READILY RECOGNIZABLE.

Wise: WAS IT MAN-MADE?
WAS IT NATURAL?

DID IT HAVE SOME KIND OF
OTHER ORIGIN

THAT SCIENTISTS AT THAT POINT
COULDN'T IMAGINE?

THEY JUST DIDN'T KNOW.

Narrator: COMING UP...

ARCHEOLOGISTS
DISCOVER THE MYSTERY JEWEL

THAT IS NOT OF THIS WORLD...

IT'S AS IF IT JUST FELL
FROM THE HEAVENS.

Narrator:
...THEN HUMANITY PREPARES

FOR THE ULTIMATE
SURVIVAL CHALLENGE.

HOW CAN WE POSSIBLY SURVIVE
THE DAY WHEN EVERYTHING DIES?

WE CAN BECOME MASTERS
OF SPACE AND TIME.

♪♪

Narrator: IN THE 3,200-YEAR-OLD
TOMB OF KING TUT,

EGYPTOLOGISTS UNCOVER A JEWEL
MADE OF A RARE COSMIC SUBSTANCE.

FOR THE ANCIENT EGYPTIANS,
A GEMSTONE CARVED INTO THE SHAPE

OF A SCARAB
IS A POWERFUL SYMBOL.

DESERT SCARABS
ARE SACRED CREATURES,

AND THEY POSSESS
AN INTIMATE CONNECTION

TO THE WORKINGS OF SPACE.

IN THE EGYPTIAN MYTHOLOGY,

THE SCARAB IS ASSOCIATED
WITH RA, THE SUN GOD.

Narrator: THE ANCIENT EGYPTIANS
BELIEVE RA

IS GUIDED ACROSS THE HEAVENS
EACH DAY BY KHEPRI,

A GOD REPRESENTED AS A SCARAB.

WHEN SCIENTISTS ANALYZE
THE SCARAB JEWEL,

THEY MAKE
AN EXTRAORDINARY DISCOVERY

THAT CONNECTS IT
TO THE CELESTIAL WORLD.

IT'S GLASS,
BUT IT'S NO ORDINARY GLASS.

COBALT AND IRIDIUM WERE FOUND,
WHICH ARE RARE TRACE ELEMENTS.

THEY'RE NOT FOUND
VERY OFTEN ON EARTH.

THIS MYSTERIOUS OBJECT,
WHICH THE EGYPTIANS BELIEVED

TO BE CONNECTED
TO THIS CELESTIAL BEING,

ACTUALLY DOES COME
FROM THE HEAVENS.

Narrator: THE ANCIENT PHARAOHS'
OBSESSION WITH SPACE

COULD BE A CLUE
TO THE JEWEL'S ORIGIN.

Brown:
IN ADDITION TO BEING GREAT
MATHEMATICIANS AND ENGINEERS,

THE ANCIENT EGYPTIANS
WERE ALSO GREAT ASTRONOMERS.

Narrator: THE EGYPTIANS
ASSOCIATE THE CONSTELLATIONS

WITH THEIR GODS

AND IT IS SAID, BUILD
THE GREATEST MONUMENTS ON EARTH

TO ALIGN WITH THE BELT OF ORION
AND THE POLESTAR.

THERE IS ABSOLUTELY
NO COINCIDENCE

AS TO WHERE THE PYRAMIDS
ARE PLACED,

HOW THEY ARE ORIENTED.

THESE ARE PRECISE CALCULATIONS

AND SOMEBODY HAD TO HAVE
REMARKABLE KNOWLEDGE.

ONE HAS TO WONDER, HOW DID
THEY COME ABOUT THIS KNOWLEDGE?

Narrator: THE EGYPTIANS BUILD
STONE CIRCLES TO CHART THE STARS

AND MOST INCREDIBLY, ON A
CEILING IN AN ANCIENT TEMPLE,

THEY CONSTRUCT THE MYSTERIOUS
DENDERA ZODIAC,

AN ASTROLOGICAL DISC
USED BY PRIESTS,

BUT FEATURING
REMARKABLY ACCURATE

ASTRONOMICAL INFORMATION.

THE EGYPTIANS HAD A STRONG
AFFINITY FOR OUTER SPACE.

SO WHAT POWERS DID THEY THINK
THAT THIS GEM POSSESSED

AND WHY DID THEY THINK
THAT IT POSSESSED THOSE POWERS?

Narrator: FOR YEARS, THE ORIGIN
OF THE JEWEL REMAINS A MYSTERY.

BUT THEN, EXPLORERS
MAKE A DISCOVERY.

GLASS FRAGMENTS MATCHING
THE NECKLACE ARE FOUND

SCATTERED ACROSS AN AREA
DEEP INSIDE THE LIBYAN DESERT,

SEVERAL HUNDRED MILES
FROM KIND TUT'S TOMB.

IT'S FOUND OVER AN AREA
ABOUT THE SIZE OF NEW YORK CITY.

SO SPREAD OVER A PRETTY
CONSIDERABLE AREA.

THE GLASS HAS THE SAME
BASIC COMPOSITION

AS THE SURROUNDING SANDSTONE
IN SAND.

SO NOW, WE HAVE TO THINK
OF A SCENARIO UNDER WHICH

WE COULD TAKE THE MATERIAL
THAT'S OUT THERE AND FUSE IT.

WHAT DOES IT REQUIRE?
IT REQUIRES HEAT.

Narrator:
BUT IT DOESN'T MAKE SENSE.

THE LIBYAN DESERT IS ONE OF
THE HOTTEST DESERTS ON EARTH

WITH MIDDAY TEMPERATURES SOARING
TO 136 DEGREES FAHRENHEIT.

BUT TO MAKE THIS GEM WOULD
REQUIRE 3,000 DEGREES OF HEAT,

A HEAT THAT SOME
SCIENTISTS BELIEVE

CAN ONLY HAVE COME FROM SPACE.

[ CAMEL GRUNTING ]

Zimmerman: THERE IS A THEORY

THAT THIS GLASS
WAS FORMED BY A METEOR IMPACT,

THAT WHEN IT HIT THE EARTH,

IT SUPERHEATED THE SAND
AND TURNED IT TO GLASS.

THIS RARE GLASS
IS LITERALLY BORN

FROM THE MATERIALS OF SPACE.

Narrator: BUT AGAIN,
THINGS DON'T ADD UP.

THERE DOESN'T APPEAR TO HAVE
BEEN ANY METEOR STRIKE HERE.

Oluseyi: THE REGION
WHERE THE GLASS IS FOUND

DOESN'T HAVE
EVIDENCE OF A CRATER.

THE ONLY EVIDENCE IS
THE EXISTENCE OF THIS GLASS.

SO WHAT EXACTLY IS THE PROCESS
THAT LED TO IT BEING THERE?

Narrator: COMING UP...

A MONSTROUS SPACE INVADER
BRINGS A COSMIC JEWEL

FIT FOR A PHARAOH...

WHATEVER THE TRUTH,
THIS LITERALLY

WAS A GIFT FROM THE SKY.

...Narrator: AND ULTIMATE
SPACE-PREPPERS

GEAR UP FOR THE BIG ONE.

THIS IS A TALL TASK, INDEED,
BUT MAYBE IT'S POSSIBLE.

Narrator: SCIENTISTS ARE TRYING
TO ESTABLISH THE ORIGIN

OF A MYSTERIOUS JEWEL
FOUND IN A PHARAOH'S TOMB.

THERE'S A POSSIBLE CLUE,
WHEN IN 2013,

A POWERFUL EXPLOSION
LIGHTS UP THE SKIES

ABOVE CHELYABINSK, RUSSIA.

IT'S A METEOR.

BUT THERE'S NO IMPACT.

Oluseyi: NOT EVERY METEOR
THAT COMES TO EARTH

AND ENTERS EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE
ACTUALLY HITS THE GROUND.

A LOT OF THEM BLOW UP
IN THE AIR.

AS THE METEOR TRAVELS THROUGH
EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE,

ON THE FRONT SIDE,
THE PRESSURE IS REALLY HIGH,

ON THE BACK SIDE,
THE PRESSURE IS REALLY LOW.

AND THIS PRESSURE DIFFERENTIAL

CREATES HUGE FORCES
ON THE METEOR

THAT CAN CAUSE IT
TO JUST EXPLODE.

AND WE CALL THOSE AN AIRBURST.

Narrator: THE CHELYABINSK METEOR
IS 66 FEET ACROSS.

NASA BELIEVES THAT A LARGER
PIECE OF SPACE DEBRIS,

LIKE A COMET,

WOULD EXPLODE IN THE ATMOSPHERE
WITH FAR GREATER POWER.

PERHAPS, JUST PERHAPS,

CREATING ENOUGH HEAT TO FUSE
DESERT SANDS INTO TOUGH GLASS.

THERE IS NO DIRECT EVIDENCE
OF A COMET EXPLODING OVER EGYPT,

AT LEAST, UNTIL 2013.

AND IT CAME IN THE FORM
OF A LITTLE BLACK PEBBLE.

AND BY ANALYZING THAT PEBBLE
AND ITS CHEMICAL COMPOSITION,

IT WAS DETERMINED THAT THE
ORIGIN OF THE PEBBLE WAS WHAT?

A COMET.

Narrator: NASA SCIENTISTS BELIVE
THE JEWEL AT THE CENTER

OF KING TUT'S NECKLACE
MIGHT HAVE BEEN CREATED

BY ONE OF THE MOST
TERRIFYING EVENTS IN HISTORY.

A COMET HUNDREDS OF FEET
ACROSS EXPLODING

IN THE ATMOSPHERE
ABOVE THE SAHARA.

AN EVENT EERILY SIMILAR
TO A DESCRIPTION RECORDED

IN AN ANCIENT EGYPTIAN SCROLL.

Wise: ONE OF THE PAPYRUS SCROLLS
THAT ARCHEOLOGISTS HAVE FOUND

SPEAKS OF A CIRCLE OF FIRE
IN THE SKY,

AND THIS SOUNDS A LOT
LIKE AN INTENSE,

ENERGETIC EXPLOSION
COMING FROM OUTER SPACE.

Narrator:
THIS TERRIFYING BLAST FROM SPACE

WOULD HAVE BEEN INVESTED

WITH GREAT
RELIGIOUS SIGNIFICANCE.

THE SCARAB GOD, KHEPRI,
PUSHING THE GREAT SUN GOD,

RA, DOWN TO EARTH.

IT'S INTERESTING THAT
THE EGYPTIANS CARVED THIS GLASS

INTO THE SHAPE OF A SCARAB

BECAUSE HAD ANY HUMANS
BEEN AROUND

WHEN THIS AIRBURST OCCURRED,

IT WOULD HAVE LOOKED LIKE
A SECOND SUN IN THE SKY.

SO, WAY TO GO, EGYPTIANS.

♪♪

Narrator: HUMAN INGENUITY
HAS ENRICHED OUR LIVES

BEYOND THE WILDEST IMAGINATION
OF OUR ANCESTORS.

THERE SEEMS LITTLE WE WILL NOT
BE ABLE TO DO

AT SOME POINT IN THE FUTURE.

BUT COULD WE POSSIBLY SURVIVE
THE END OF THE UNIVERSE?

SOME PEOPLE THINK WE CAN ESCAPE
THE PLANET

IF THERE IS
AN IMMINENT DOOM HERE.

SOME PEOPLE THINK WE CAN ESCAPE
THE SOLAR SYSTEM

WHEN THE SUN CEASES TO EXIST.

SOME EVEN THINK WE CAN
ESCAPE OUR GALAXY.

BUT ESCAPING THE UNIVERSE?

Narrator:
BEFORE NASA SCIENTISTS

FORGE THEIR PLAN
TO SAVE HUMANITY,

THEY MUST FIRST WORK OUT
HOW THE UNIVERSE MIGHT END.

Kaku: WILL THE UNIVERSE END
IN FIRE OR ICE?

WHICH IS IT?

WELL, SORRY TO SAY.

WE'RE NOT SURE.

Filippenko: RIGHT NOW,
THE UNIVERSE IS EXPANDING.

THE SPACES BETWEEN THE GALAXIES
ARE GETTING BIGGER.

THE FATE OF THE UNIVERSE
HAS TO DO

WITH WHAT HAPPENS
IN THIS EXPANDING SITUATION?

IS THAT GONNA SLOW DOWN?
IS IT GONNA SPEED UP?

Narrator:
SOME SCIENTISTS BELIEVE

THAT GRAVITY WILL ASSERT ITSELF

AND THE EPIC EXPANSION OF THE
UNIVERSE WILL BEGIN TO REVERSE.

♪♪

LIKE A BALL THAT YOU THROW UP
AND IT STARTS TO FALL DOWN,

THE UNIVERSE EXPANDS OUT
AND THEN IT STARTS TO COLLAPSE

BACK IN FASTER
AND FASTER AND FASTER.

Narrator:
IT'S BEEN CALLED THE BIG CRUNCH,

AND FOR HUMANS,
IT WOULD MEAN A CATACLYSMIC END.

OVER TIME, THE NIGHT SKY
WOULD GET BRIGHTER AND BRIGHTER

AS SPACE ITSELF CONTRACTED
AND SHRANK

AND OBJECTS
CAME CLOSER TOGETHER --

GALAXIES, EVENTUALLY STARS.

WE WOULD BE REDUCED
TO A PRIMORDIAL ATOM.

Narrator:
THE VAST EXPANSIVE CREATION

RELEASED IN THE BIG BANG
REDUCED AGAIN TO NOTHING.

BUT WHAT IF THIS DOESN'T HAPPEN?

WHAT IF THE UNIVERSE
JUST KEEPS EXPANDING?

Kaku: THE BEST DATA TODAY
INDICATES THAT THE UNIVERSE

IS NOT ONLY EXPANDING,
IT'S ACCELERATING.

IT'S CAREENING OUT OF CONTROL.

IF THIS GOES ON FOREVER,
WE'RE GOING TO HAVE A BIG RIP.

ULTIMATELY,
SPACE CAN EXPAND SO FAST

THAT THE GALAXIES
GET RIPPED APART,

PLANETS, STARS GET RIPPED APART,
YOUR ATOMS GET PULLED APART,

AND THEN SPACE ITSELF
IS RIPPED APART.

♪♪

Narrator:
HUMANS WOULD BE CONDEMNED

TO WATCHING POWERLESSLY
FROM EARTH

AS THE STARS DISAPPEAR
FROM THE SKY,

AND AS OUR OWN STAR,
THE EARTH ITSELF,

AND ALL LIFE IS CONSUMED AND
EXTINGUISHED IN UTTER DARKNESS.

BUT THE HUMAN SPECIES
WON'T GIVE UP WITHOUT A FIGHT.

AND SCIENTISTS ARE ALREADY
SPECULATING

ABOUT THE ULTIMATE
ESCAPE PLAN.

IS IT POSSIBLE THAT WE COULD
EVADE THE DEATH OF EVERYTHING?

Narrator: ONE DAY, THE UNIVERSE
WILL FACE ANNIHILATION.

AMAZINGLY, SCIENTISTS
HAVE ALREADY DISCOVERED

A POSSIBLE EMERGENCY EXIT.

APRIL 2010 -- MATHEMATICAL
PHYSICIST ROGER PENROSE

IS STUDYING THE COSMIC
BACKGROUND RADIATION,

THE OLDEST LIGHT
IN THE UNIVERSE.

THE COSMIC MICROWAVE
BACKGROUND RADIATION IS LIGHT

THAT'S LEFT OVER FROM THE VERY
EARLIEST DAYS OF THE UNIVERSE,

AND IT'S BEEN TRAVELING
THROUGH SPACE EVER SINCE.

Narrator: THE RADIATION IS LIKE
A WINDOW TO THE DISTANT PAST,

ALLOWING PENROSE TO SEE HOW
GALAXIES HAVE FORMED OVER TIME.

WE SEE A PICTURE OF THE UNIVERSE
AS IT WAS

WHEN IT WAS ONLY
380,000 YEARS OLD,

COMPARED TO THE CURRENT
13 OR 14 BILLION YEARS.

Narrator: GAZING OUT ON THE DAWN
OF OUR UNIVERSE,

PENROSE DISCOVERS SOMETHING
STARTLING AND UNEXPECTED.

ROGER PENROSE
THINKS HE SEES SWIRLS

IN THE MICROWAVE BACKGROUND
THAT MIGHT BE,

IN A SENSE,
THE SHADOW OF A UNIVERSE

THAT PRECEDED OUR BIG BANG.

Billings:
IF THIS IDEA IS CORRECT,

IT SUGGESTS THAT
THE UNIVERSE ITSELF

COULD BE CYCLIC IN NATURE.

Wise: IT'S LIKE THE UNIVERSE
STARTS AGAIN.

WE RESET THE CLOCK.

WE'RE BACK TO THE BEGINNING,
THE DAWN OF TIME.

Narrator:
SOME ASTRONOMERS BELIEVE

WE MAY HAVE FOUND
AN ESCAPE ROUTE.

HUMANITY CAN SURVIVE
THE END OF OUR UNIVERSE

IF WE WORK OUT A WAY TO REJOIN
THE BEGINNING OF THE NEXT.

THIS IS LIKE THE ULTIMATE
DOOMSDAY PREPPING,

BUT YOU'RE GOING TO NEED MORE
THAN A FEW CANS OF BEANS

AND SOME GAS MASKS.

Narrator:
THE END OF THE UNIVERSE
MAY BE FAR IN OUR FUTURE,

BUT WE'RE STILL
IN A RACE AGAINST TIME.

SCIENTISTS BELIEVE THAT MANKIND
MUST EVOLVE

TO WHAT PHYSICISTS CALL

A TYPE-III
TECHNOLOGICAL CIVILIZATION

TO BUILD THE TECH
NEEDED TO ESCAPE ANNIHILATION.

Kaku: THE TYPE-I CIVILIZATION
IS PLANETARY.

THEY HARNESS PLANETARY ENERGY.

FOR EXAMPLE, THEY CAN PLAY
WITH THE WEATHER.

THEY CAN PLAY WITH VOLCANOES.

THEY CONTROL PLANETARY ENERGY

LIKE BUCK ROGERS
OR FLASH GORDON.

WE ARE MAYBE 100 YEARS
FROM BECOMING TYPE I.

Narrator: NEXT, TO BECOME
A TYPE-II CIVILIZATION,

MANKIND MUST VENTURE
BEYOND OUR PLANET.

"STAR TREK" WOULD BE A TYPICAL
TYPE-II CIVILIZATION,

CAPABLE OF HARNESSING THE POWER
OF AN ENTIRE STAR SYSTEM.

Narrator: BUT TO ESCAPE THE END
OF THE UNIVERSE,

WE MUST ADVANCE FURTHER STILL.

IF WE GROW EXPONENTIALLY
AT ABOUT 3% PER YEAR

FOR A MILLION YEARS,

WE'LL BECOME TYPE III,
LIKE "STAR WARS",

THE ABILITY TO HARNESS
THE POWER OF A GALAXY.

Narrator: HUMANS WILL LOOK
VERY DIFFERENT

IN A MILLION YEARS' TIME,

BUT WITH SUCH AWESOME POWER,

THEY MAY FINALLY BE ABLE TO
ESCAPE THE END OF THE UNIVERSE.

THEY'LL USE TECHNOLOGY FAR
BEYOND ANYTHING WE HAVE TODAY.

Kaku: OUR DESCENDANTS WILL HAVE
TO BUILD A COSMIC OVEN,

WHICH WILL CREATE
A BABY UNIVERSE,

AN INTER-DIMENSIONAL LIFEBOAT.

Narrator: PHYSICISTS THEORIZE
THEY CAN GROW A BABY UNIVERSE

BY SUPERHEATING A SINGLE
PARTICLE IN A GIANT OVEN,

SIMILAR TO THE LARGE
HADRON COLLIDER.

Kaku: HEATED UP TO TREMENDOUS
TEMPERATURES --

10 TO THE 19 BILLION
ELECTRON VOLTS --

AND THEN BUBBLES
BEGIN TO FORM.

BABY BUBBLES, EACH ONE
REPRESENTING A BABY UNIVERSE.

Narrator: RATHER THAN GROWING
THE BABY UNIVERSE

IN OUR OWN UNIVERSE,
SCIENTISTS WOULD BEND SPACE-TIME

TO CREATE A SEPARATE REGION
OF SPACE FOR US

TO TRAVEL TO THROUGH A WORMHOLE.

IT WILL SORT OF BE
LIKE THE NOAH'S ARK,

BUT INSTEAD OF ESCAPING
THE FLOOD,

YOU'RE ESCAPING
THE END OF THE UNIVERSE.

WE WILL BE SO ADVANCED
THAT WE WILL BE ABLE

TO CONQUER
THE POWERS OF SPACE AND TIME

TO CREATE OUR OWN PROGENY,
ANOTHER UNIVERSE.

Narrator:
AN ARTIFICIAL UNIVERSE,

DESIGNED AND BUILT BY THE MOST
INGENIOUS HUMANS IN HISTORY,

MIGHT JUST BE THE PLACE TO STAY
WHILE WE WAIT

FOR A NEW,
NATURAL UNIVERSE TO BE BORN.

IF THIS ESCAPE OCCURS,
WE CAN BE,

LIKE, SITTING THERE AND SEEING
THE ENTIRE THING HAPPEN.

IT WILL BE QUITE POWERFUL
AND BEAUTIFUL.

WE WOULD HAVE FRONT-ROW SEATS
AT THE DEATH OF THE UNIVERSE

AND AT THE BIRTH
OF A NEW UNIVERSE.

SO YOU'D REALLY KIND OF HAVE
TWO SHOWS FOR THE PRICE OF ONE.

MIGHT BE A GOOD PLACE
TO BUILD A RESTAURANT.