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DOWNLOADED FROM WWW.AWAFIM.TV
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[suspenseful music]
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♪ ♪
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People in the 1950s
had very little idea
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00:00:16,950 --> 00:00:20,128
of what the CIA was
or what it did.
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00:00:20,215 --> 00:00:23,653
The original mission
was to know the world,
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to gain knowledge
of what was happening abroad.
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It was an all-male,
all-white environment.
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The Georgetown set,
pipe-smoking WASPs
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00:00:34,794 --> 00:00:37,406
who believed
they controlled the world
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and could mold it
to their will.
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It's really hard
to overstate
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the sense of panic
that Americans
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were thrust into
when the CIA was being formed.
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Given the Cold War mindset,
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it was a huge panic
that Americans were feeling
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about the Soviet Union.
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There was a sense that
a nuclear attack from Moscow
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could happen at any time.
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♪ ♪
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Cuba's Fidel Castro emerged
triumphant after two years
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of guerrilla warfare
against...
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When Castro took power,
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that kind of
changed everything.
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Because he was starting
to build up power,
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the United States
felt threatened.
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This literally could be it.
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[speaking Spanish]
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There is fear about
what Castro is going to do.
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Tremendous paranoia
and near panic.
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The CIA did not want
a Communist beachhead
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90 miles from Key West.
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This was a time
in our history
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when the world came closest
to nuclear Armageddon.
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This island nation
could be used
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to launch missiles.
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♪ ♪
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The message had come--
there's no living with Castro.
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The CIA is going to hire
the mafia to kill Castro.
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00:02:01,446 --> 00:02:03,622
They made a deal
with the devil
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00:02:03,709 --> 00:02:06,799
to get this job done.
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If this comes out,
what will this do to our image
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00:02:10,934 --> 00:02:12,762
in the eyes of the world?
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What cannot happen
is that it gets found out.
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♪ ♪
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[muffled gunshot]
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It's an incendiary fuel
that's going to blow
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♪ ♪
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One of the most difficult
things in telling this story
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is that almost everybody lies.
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When you have a world
of liars, fabricators,
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00:03:53,776 --> 00:03:56,300
half truths,
what is the truth?
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[soft dramatic music]
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A lot of the story
as I've pieced it together
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00:04:02,524 --> 00:04:05,657
relied on documents
that I could find.
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00:04:05,744 --> 00:04:07,529
The National Archives
has released
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00:04:07,616 --> 00:04:10,314
thousands of previously
classified documents.
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00:04:10,401 --> 00:04:13,056
They describe decades
of spying and surveillance,
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00:04:13,143 --> 00:04:15,319
assassination plots,
and tension among
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00:04:15,406 --> 00:04:17,321
U.S. intelligence agencies.
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00:04:17,408 --> 00:04:20,411
In 2017,
documents became available
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that provided
a lot more detail
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about what was going on
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00:04:25,024 --> 00:04:26,939
in the attempts
to kill Castro.
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♪ ♪
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There's literally
thousands of documents--
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Senate hearings,
FBI documents, even testimony.
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Telling this story,
it's almost like
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you're putting together
a jigsaw puzzle.
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Declassified documents
is the gift of history
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00:04:45,001 --> 00:04:46,350
that keeps on giving.
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The CIA has held on
to so many records.
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We have
these incredible reports
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that were far more detailed
than anybody knew.
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This is in the CIA memo.
It's not in a CIA memo.
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00:04:58,406 --> 00:04:59,450
It's in the--
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00:05:04,237 --> 00:05:06,979
In the CIA memo,
Eisenhower states,
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00:05:07,066 --> 00:05:08,546
"I want him sawed off."
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♪ ♪
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Oh shit.
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[suspenseful music]
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The government is supposed
to pride itself on democracy,
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checks and balances,
freedom of the press,
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00:05:23,866 --> 00:05:29,393
and yet so much of this story
is about concealing
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00:05:29,480 --> 00:05:32,309
and about trickery
and about the surface
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00:05:32,396 --> 00:05:34,093
being different
than the agenda
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that's going on underneath it.
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It took almost 50 years
for the CIA
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00:05:39,664 --> 00:05:42,711
to even acknowledge
that they indeed hired
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00:05:42,798 --> 00:05:46,410
two gangsters
to kill Fidel Castro.
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00:05:48,151 --> 00:05:51,284
It is the job of journalists
and historians
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to illuminate
what we as citizens
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need to know
about what the government
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00:05:58,727 --> 00:06:01,033
has done in our names.
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00:06:01,120 --> 00:06:05,777
There are mysteries
that still remain,
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00:06:05,864 --> 00:06:07,692
but I think
all the secrets are out.
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♪ ♪
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When does the CIA
become a player
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in what's happening in Cuba?
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00:06:18,529 --> 00:06:21,227
It does start to take shape
long before
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Fidel Castro has arisen.
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[upbeat Latin jazz music]
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♪ ♪
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In the '50s,
people who lived
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in New York and Chicago
in the winter time,
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they didn't go to Las Vegas.
They went down to Havana.
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♪ ♪
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Havana, Cuba,
really starts to take shape
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as a gambling Mecca.
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[spirited orchestral music]
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High style gets aboard for
a flying trip to Havana, Cuba.
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It's only 90 miles
from Miami.
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00:07:02,443 --> 00:07:04,706
Caribbean island.
Good cigars.
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00:07:04,793 --> 00:07:06,664
The good life.
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00:07:06,751 --> 00:07:08,623
It was easy to get to,
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and people from all over
the world came there.
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[upbeat Latin jazz music]
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My parents
would go party in Cuba.
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It was like a cool place--
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open gambling and drinking,
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and where all these rules
were over here,
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they didn't have
any of that over there.
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♪ ♪
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Shows were so,
you know, lewd.
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Anything was possible
in Havana.
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00:07:31,254 --> 00:07:35,084
It's a very sensual
and seductive place.
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If you wanted
something naughty,
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it was pleasure island.
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♪ ♪
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What happens in Havana
stays in Havana.
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♪ ♪
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All bets down.
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From really about
'52 to '58,
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the mob essentially controlled
the tourism market in Havana.
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00:08:02,590 --> 00:08:04,287
Long before
Vegas has them,
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00:08:04,374 --> 00:08:06,681
they have these
thriving casinos.
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00:08:06,768 --> 00:08:09,205
And the mob is in there
in full force
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00:08:09,292 --> 00:08:10,598
with a golden goose.
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00:08:10,685 --> 00:08:12,251
[bright jazz music]
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It became the place of which
they had always dreamed,
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00:08:16,821 --> 00:08:19,737
where they could promote
all kinds of vice,
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00:08:19,824 --> 00:08:23,262
break every American law
without worrying
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because they weren't
in America.
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♪ ♪
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The mob's infiltration
and control in Havana
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00:08:29,965 --> 00:08:31,967
couldn't have happened
without Meyer Lansky.
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♪ ♪
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00:08:38,060 --> 00:08:40,584
Meyer Lansky was
a very high-profile
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00:08:40,671 --> 00:08:43,761
mob syndicate leader
out of New York.
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00:08:43,848 --> 00:08:48,461
He was involved in developing
Las Vegas, casinos in Florida.
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00:08:48,549 --> 00:08:50,638
Lansky had cultivated
a relationship
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00:08:50,725 --> 00:08:51,900
with Fulgencio Batista,
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00:08:51,987 --> 00:08:55,686
the repressive dictator
of Cuba.
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Batista says he is
a friend of the people
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00:08:57,993 --> 00:09:00,778
as his soldiers patrol
the streets to establish
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00:09:00,865 --> 00:09:03,607
what he calls
disciplined democracy.
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00:09:03,694 --> 00:09:06,436
In the 1950s,
the Batista regime
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00:09:06,523 --> 00:09:09,439
started really investing
in casinos, hotels,
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00:09:09,526 --> 00:09:12,007
and gambling establishments.
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00:09:12,094 --> 00:09:15,706
And he started making deals
with mafia bosses.
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00:09:17,403 --> 00:09:20,581
So Battista literally
paid Meyer Lansky a salary
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00:09:20,668 --> 00:09:23,845
to be the gambling czar
of Havana.
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Lansky knew
that the first thing
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00:09:28,066 --> 00:09:31,113
that needed to be done
was to make
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00:09:31,200 --> 00:09:33,245
all the other heads of the mob
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feel that they had
a piece of it.
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00:09:35,378 --> 00:09:38,381
Otherwise, they would
assert their selves in it
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00:09:38,468 --> 00:09:41,819
through violence and thuggery.
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Everyone was going to get
their piece of the pie--
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00:09:44,517 --> 00:09:46,737
a casino, a club.
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This is what was so wonderful
about that metaphor
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00:09:49,392 --> 00:09:50,523
in "Godfather II."
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The scene on the rooftop,
the mafiosi
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00:09:56,268 --> 00:10:00,490
who were there with a cake
which is the island of Cuba,
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00:10:00,577 --> 00:10:02,492
and he literally
cuts up the pieces
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00:10:02,579 --> 00:10:04,625
and hands it
to all the mafiosi.
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00:10:04,712 --> 00:10:07,323
This is what Lansky
was doing in Havana.
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00:10:07,410 --> 00:10:10,587
We have now
what we have always needed,
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00:10:10,674 --> 00:10:13,459
real partnership
with the government.
180
00:10:13,546 --> 00:10:15,505
A smaller piece.
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00:10:17,028 --> 00:10:20,031
The idea was there's plenty
for everyone.
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00:10:20,118 --> 00:10:22,817
New York interests
are involved in Havana,
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00:10:22,904 --> 00:10:24,819
Las Vegas interests.
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00:10:24,906 --> 00:10:26,821
And then you have
the Chicago Outfit.
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00:10:26,908 --> 00:10:28,605
[dramatic jazz music]
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00:10:28,692 --> 00:10:31,652
[gunfire]
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00:10:34,219 --> 00:10:37,745
And those guys in Chicago
ran things a little different
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00:10:37,832 --> 00:10:39,355
than the Five Families
in New York.
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00:10:39,442 --> 00:10:42,401
♪ ♪
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00:10:42,488 --> 00:10:45,143
[indistinct chatter]
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00:10:47,972 --> 00:10:50,105
The Chicago Outfit
has essentially monopoly
192
00:10:50,192 --> 00:10:53,195
over organized crime
in the Chicagoland area.
193
00:10:53,282 --> 00:10:57,678
This was a multi-billion
dollar criminal enterprise.
194
00:10:57,765 --> 00:11:00,028
The boss of
the Chicago Outfit at the time
195
00:11:00,115 --> 00:11:02,683
was Sam Giancana.
196
00:11:02,770 --> 00:11:04,815
Giancana is put in
as the operating boss
197
00:11:04,902 --> 00:11:07,078
of the Outfit,
which is essentially
198
00:11:07,165 --> 00:11:10,168
the organized crime equivalent
of a CEO in a corporation.
199
00:11:10,255 --> 00:11:13,737
He runs it
on a day-to-day basis.
200
00:11:13,824 --> 00:11:17,349
The Outfit really
had control over what was
201
00:11:17,436 --> 00:11:20,613
West of the Mississippi,
including Las Vegas
202
00:11:20,701 --> 00:11:22,398
and then of course Havana.
203
00:11:22,485 --> 00:11:25,096
[upbeat Latin jazz music]
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00:11:25,183 --> 00:11:27,664
♪ ♪
205
00:11:27,751 --> 00:11:30,014
The Chicago mob
had interests
206
00:11:30,101 --> 00:11:32,451
in some of the casinos,
some of the nightclubs,
207
00:11:32,538 --> 00:11:34,453
some of the prostitution,
208
00:11:34,540 --> 00:11:37,108
some of the live sex shows
that are going on in Havana.
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00:11:37,195 --> 00:11:42,157
♪ ♪
210
00:11:42,244 --> 00:11:47,075
My father Sam
had some stuff doing in Cuba.
211
00:11:47,162 --> 00:11:51,035
Meyer Lansky and he turned out
the best of friends.
212
00:11:51,122 --> 00:11:53,734
They were involved in
a couple of hotels down there.
213
00:11:53,821 --> 00:11:55,823
Did you ever go
to Havana as a teenager?
214
00:11:55,910 --> 00:11:57,781
No.
I want to go now.
215
00:11:57,868 --> 00:11:59,652
[relaxed acoustic music]
216
00:11:59,740 --> 00:12:03,874
To see the people and the food
and walking through the hotels
217
00:12:03,961 --> 00:12:09,184
that my father and his gang
were involved with--
218
00:12:09,271 --> 00:12:13,449
I just crave going down there.
219
00:12:13,536 --> 00:12:16,278
[upbeat Latin jazz music]
220
00:12:16,365 --> 00:12:19,455
♪ ♪
221
00:12:19,542 --> 00:12:21,849
One of the people
the Chicago Outfit
222
00:12:21,936 --> 00:12:27,028
relied on down in Havana
was Santo Trafficante.
223
00:12:27,115 --> 00:12:29,421
Trafficante spoke Spanish.
224
00:12:29,508 --> 00:12:31,859
Most of the mobsters did not.
225
00:12:31,946 --> 00:12:33,861
So Trafficante
was always there
226
00:12:33,948 --> 00:12:37,429
as the translator dealing
with the Cuban connections.
227
00:12:37,516 --> 00:12:40,998
[birds chirping]
228
00:12:41,085 --> 00:12:43,087
Santo Trafficante Jr.
229
00:12:43,174 --> 00:12:45,263
grew up in Tampa, Florida,
230
00:12:45,350 --> 00:12:48,136
in a neighborhood
that was predominantly Cuban.
231
00:12:48,223 --> 00:12:51,792
That's why he spoke Spanish,
understood the culture.
232
00:12:51,879 --> 00:12:54,795
And eventually, he's involved
in the casino industry
233
00:12:54,882 --> 00:12:56,709
and some of the more
illicit activities
234
00:12:56,797 --> 00:12:57,972
that were going on in Havana.
235
00:13:01,279 --> 00:13:04,935
This mode of business is
extraordinarily profitable
236
00:13:05,022 --> 00:13:06,545
to the mafia and Batista.
237
00:13:06,632 --> 00:13:09,548
The money did not
trickle down to anyone.
238
00:13:09,635 --> 00:13:13,422
The Cuban people were not
happy with that arrangement.
239
00:13:13,509 --> 00:13:16,120
[soft dramatic music]
240
00:13:16,207 --> 00:13:19,515
♪ ♪
241
00:13:19,602 --> 00:13:22,344
[speaking Spanish]
242
00:13:29,177 --> 00:13:35,923
♪ ♪
243
00:13:56,987 --> 00:13:59,337
An unequal society
had developed
244
00:13:59,424 --> 00:14:02,079
where a certain
small percentage of people
245
00:14:02,166 --> 00:14:04,212
had all the power
and all the money,
246
00:14:04,299 --> 00:14:07,998
and the campesinos
didn't get much education.
247
00:14:08,085 --> 00:14:10,174
There was a high level
of illiteracy.
248
00:14:10,261 --> 00:14:12,394
They didn't own
the property they lived on.
249
00:14:14,613 --> 00:14:17,660
[speaking Spanish]
250
00:14:53,348 --> 00:14:55,959
[speaking Spanish]
251
00:15:07,666 --> 00:15:10,713
[speaking Spanish]
252
00:15:25,423 --> 00:15:28,470
[gunshots]
253
00:15:36,260 --> 00:15:39,220
[eerie music]
254
00:15:39,307 --> 00:15:46,053
♪ ♪
255
00:15:47,054 --> 00:15:50,100
[speaking Spanish]
256
00:16:08,989 --> 00:16:11,687
It was a show
of military authority
257
00:16:11,774 --> 00:16:14,081
that kept people
in their place,
258
00:16:14,168 --> 00:16:15,560
and Batista
was a big part of that.
259
00:16:15,647 --> 00:16:18,650
♪ ♪
260
00:16:18,737 --> 00:16:22,959
Batista was
an American-backed dictator.
261
00:16:23,046 --> 00:16:26,615
We didn't care about
his repressive ways in Cuba
262
00:16:26,702 --> 00:16:31,054
because he was in the pocket
of the United States,
263
00:16:31,141 --> 00:16:33,491
both in terms of
U.S. foreign policy
264
00:16:33,578 --> 00:16:36,451
and American
business interests.
265
00:16:36,538 --> 00:16:37,843
Batista orders
the suspension
266
00:16:37,930 --> 00:16:39,845
of all civil rights.
267
00:16:39,932 --> 00:16:41,543
Nothing is to be broadcast
or printed
268
00:16:41,630 --> 00:16:43,066
that is displeasing
to Batista.
269
00:16:43,153 --> 00:16:45,982
♪ ♪
270
00:16:46,069 --> 00:16:50,117
Many Cubans felt really
cut out of democratic life,
271
00:16:50,204 --> 00:16:52,249
which they thought
they deserved.
272
00:16:52,336 --> 00:16:56,123
This led to the emergence
of dissident groups.
273
00:16:56,210 --> 00:16:58,864
One of them was led
by Fidel Castro.
274
00:16:58,951 --> 00:17:01,867
[bright acoustic music]
275
00:17:01,954 --> 00:17:04,000
♪ ♪
276
00:17:37,468 --> 00:17:40,558
Fidel Castro was
a reluctant revolutionary.
277
00:17:40,645 --> 00:17:42,995
I mean, he was a lawyer.
He was a civil rights lawyer.
278
00:17:44,475 --> 00:17:48,436
He ran for political office
in the early 1950s
279
00:17:48,523 --> 00:17:52,396
as a senator, and he was
probably going to be elected
280
00:17:52,483 --> 00:17:55,965
until Batista
rolled into Havana
281
00:17:56,052 --> 00:17:59,403
and took over the country
in a coup d'état.
282
00:17:59,490 --> 00:18:02,754
It threw a wrench
into Fidel Castro's career,
283
00:18:02,841 --> 00:18:07,281
and so it laid the groundwork
in many ways for Fidel Castro
284
00:18:07,368 --> 00:18:09,370
as this figure
who was determined
285
00:18:09,457 --> 00:18:12,329
to take down Batista.
286
00:18:12,416 --> 00:18:15,202
He went to the hills
to join guerrilla groups.
287
00:18:19,510 --> 00:18:21,382
Castro and the revolutionaries
288
00:18:21,469 --> 00:18:25,560
starts to develop power
away from Havana,
289
00:18:25,647 --> 00:18:27,736
but you're not going to
get this in a newspaper
290
00:18:27,823 --> 00:18:29,607
or a television news report.
291
00:18:33,220 --> 00:18:35,657
I grew up
on a farm just north
292
00:18:35,744 --> 00:18:39,313
of where Fidel Castro
set up his revolution.
293
00:18:39,400 --> 00:18:42,359
At first, it was sort of like
a Robin Hood story.
294
00:18:42,446 --> 00:18:44,840
We had about 35 families,
295
00:18:44,927 --> 00:18:49,366
and some of the older kids
would tell us, "You know what?
296
00:18:49,453 --> 00:18:51,760
"We're going to own all this.
297
00:18:51,847 --> 00:18:53,805
"Fidel is going to take it
all away from you,
298
00:18:53,892 --> 00:18:57,592
and he's going to give it
to us, to the poor people."
299
00:18:57,679 --> 00:19:01,639
I took that lightly,
and they took it lightly too.
300
00:19:01,726 --> 00:19:03,511
They never thought
it would happen either.
301
00:19:03,598 --> 00:19:06,078
[soft dramatic music]
302
00:19:06,166 --> 00:19:09,169
Castro was from
a wealthy family
303
00:19:09,256 --> 00:19:10,953
and was well-educated,
304
00:19:11,040 --> 00:19:14,217
but everyone else
was the peasantry.
305
00:19:14,304 --> 00:19:16,698
And this is partly
why those in power
306
00:19:16,785 --> 00:19:18,221
couldn't take it seriously.
307
00:19:18,308 --> 00:19:20,354
How could farmers
and campesinos
308
00:19:20,441 --> 00:19:23,922
rise up and take down
the most powerful military
309
00:19:24,009 --> 00:19:26,273
in the Caribbean?
How could that be possible?
310
00:19:26,360 --> 00:19:28,536
♪ ♪
311
00:19:28,623 --> 00:19:31,191
The CIA and the mob
had put in all their chips
312
00:19:31,278 --> 00:19:33,628
with Fulgencio Batista.
313
00:19:33,715 --> 00:19:37,066
But the mob did not have
what the CIA had,
314
00:19:37,153 --> 00:19:39,024
which was spies and people
315
00:19:39,111 --> 00:19:40,722
out gathering information
about what was
316
00:19:40,809 --> 00:19:43,768
really happening
politically in Cuba.
317
00:19:43,855 --> 00:19:45,117
They were blind.
318
00:19:55,693 --> 00:19:57,913
♪ ♪
319
00:19:58,000 --> 00:20:00,132
Before he took power,
Castro remained
320
00:20:00,220 --> 00:20:03,614
an obscure figure to the CIA.
321
00:20:06,269 --> 00:20:08,315
The American media
would seek out
322
00:20:08,402 --> 00:20:10,795
Fidel Castro in the mountains.
323
00:20:10,882 --> 00:20:14,146
All the people of
the Sierra Maestra are with us.
324
00:20:14,234 --> 00:20:16,888
This is only the beginning.
325
00:20:16,975 --> 00:20:20,283
"The New York Times" reports
that there's a sizable group
326
00:20:20,370 --> 00:20:23,547
up there in the mountains.
327
00:20:23,634 --> 00:20:26,724
But the CIA, being the CIA,
said to Eisenhower,
328
00:20:26,811 --> 00:20:30,554
"This is not a problem.
We can handle this."
329
00:20:32,687 --> 00:20:34,602
"Don't worry, we'll come up
with a solution."
330
00:20:34,689 --> 00:20:36,691
That's what essentially
they tell the president.
331
00:20:36,778 --> 00:20:38,954
"We've got it.
We've got a handle on it."
332
00:20:39,041 --> 00:20:41,652
And actually, they don't
have an answer for it,
333
00:20:41,739 --> 00:20:43,611
and they're not really sure
what the right answer is.
334
00:20:43,698 --> 00:20:45,656
♪ ♪
335
00:20:45,743 --> 00:20:47,919
Really what it is
is about the blindness
336
00:20:48,006 --> 00:20:49,704
of those in power.
337
00:20:49,791 --> 00:20:53,490
It's about the hubris
and the belief
338
00:20:53,577 --> 00:20:56,798
that your power is so supreme
339
00:20:56,885 --> 00:20:59,322
that you don't see
your vulnerability
340
00:20:59,409 --> 00:21:00,584
until it's too late.
341
00:21:00,671 --> 00:21:03,152
♪ ♪
342
00:21:03,239 --> 00:21:06,155
Many of the early
CIA leaders came
343
00:21:06,242 --> 00:21:10,159
from a background in which
if you made a mistake,
344
00:21:10,246 --> 00:21:12,727
there was always daddy
to pick you up and fix it.
345
00:21:12,814 --> 00:21:15,382
So they thought
that was true in the world,
346
00:21:15,469 --> 00:21:17,427
that whatever happened,
they'd be able
347
00:21:17,514 --> 00:21:19,211
to control the blowback.
348
00:21:19,299 --> 00:21:24,347
♪ ♪
349
00:21:29,874 --> 00:21:32,181
And the mob
is stuck in denial.
350
00:21:32,268 --> 00:21:35,097
They put everything behind
the man in power, Batista.
351
00:21:35,184 --> 00:21:37,534
And so the mob
didn't care about what was
352
00:21:37,621 --> 00:21:39,536
really happening politically.
353
00:21:39,623 --> 00:21:42,191
In the late 1950s,
there was always money
354
00:21:42,278 --> 00:21:45,194
to be made from corruption
in Cuba.
355
00:21:45,281 --> 00:21:47,892
[upbeat Latin jazz music]
356
00:21:47,979 --> 00:21:52,854
♪ ♪
357
00:21:52,941 --> 00:21:56,771
There are still whole loads
of Americans coming down
358
00:21:56,858 --> 00:22:01,863
to enjoy the lush,
tropical sexiness of Havana,
359
00:22:01,950 --> 00:22:05,475
including celebrities,
360
00:22:05,562 --> 00:22:07,521
be it a Frank Sinatra
361
00:22:07,608 --> 00:22:09,610
or a young JFK.
362
00:22:09,697 --> 00:22:12,134
♪ ♪
363
00:22:12,221 --> 00:22:15,355
In the '50s, John F. Kennedy
comes to Havana.
364
00:22:15,442 --> 00:22:17,879
I mean, he's like
a brand-new senator
365
00:22:17,966 --> 00:22:21,796
known for having
an interest in women,
366
00:22:21,883 --> 00:22:25,539
and he was sniffing around
at the local talent.
367
00:22:25,626 --> 00:22:28,759
And he puts out the word,
probably through an underling
368
00:22:28,846 --> 00:22:31,588
who goes to the mobsters
and says, you know,
369
00:22:31,675 --> 00:22:33,938
"The Senator
would very much like it
370
00:22:34,025 --> 00:22:38,334
if you could maybe possibly
connect him with a young lady."
371
00:22:38,421 --> 00:22:41,032
Trafficante would say,
"We can do that."
372
00:22:41,119 --> 00:22:43,731
[eerie music]
373
00:22:43,818 --> 00:22:46,037
♪ ♪
374
00:22:46,124 --> 00:22:48,170
They set John Kennedy up
in a room
375
00:22:48,257 --> 00:22:51,042
that had a two-way mirror.
376
00:22:51,129 --> 00:22:52,653
He had a three-way,
377
00:22:52,740 --> 00:22:56,613
him and two other
Cuban prostitutes.
378
00:22:56,700 --> 00:22:58,746
Trafficante was on
the other side of the mirror
379
00:22:58,833 --> 00:23:01,183
with another gangster.
380
00:23:01,270 --> 00:23:03,490
The other gangster says,
"Hey, we should be
381
00:23:03,577 --> 00:23:05,361
"filming this
'cause this would make
382
00:23:05,448 --> 00:23:07,363
tremendous blackmail material."
383
00:23:07,450 --> 00:23:10,801
Well, they didn't
have a camera.
384
00:23:10,888 --> 00:23:14,501
But the idea of sex,
that anything goes,
385
00:23:14,588 --> 00:23:19,331
was part of the debasement
of Cuban society,
386
00:23:19,419 --> 00:23:23,945
and it had moral implications
for the Cuban people.
387
00:23:24,032 --> 00:23:26,861
[gunshots]
388
00:23:26,948 --> 00:23:30,430
Summer 1958,
Castro records his broadcasts
389
00:23:30,517 --> 00:23:32,606
for the Rebel Radio.
390
00:23:32,693 --> 00:23:34,085
His men now will come down
from the mountains
391
00:23:34,172 --> 00:23:36,784
and fight on the plains.
392
00:23:36,871 --> 00:23:38,916
Castro's revolutionaries
started out
393
00:23:39,003 --> 00:23:41,136
in the eastern part
of the island.
394
00:23:41,223 --> 00:23:43,399
Amazingly,
in a very short time,
395
00:23:43,486 --> 00:23:45,445
they had come
very close to Havana.
396
00:23:50,754 --> 00:23:54,062
Batista had an army,
but it really was
397
00:23:54,149 --> 00:23:57,152
mainly used
for rounding up dissidents
398
00:23:57,239 --> 00:23:59,937
and torturing people
in prisons.
399
00:24:00,024 --> 00:24:02,810
They weren't prepared
to fight real battles.
400
00:24:02,897 --> 00:24:04,899
Castro's revolutionaries were.
401
00:24:04,986 --> 00:24:06,944
[gunshots]
402
00:24:07,031 --> 00:24:09,904
[dramatic jazz music]
403
00:24:09,991 --> 00:24:11,514
♪ ♪
404
00:24:11,601 --> 00:24:13,603
On New Year's Eve
and on into New Year's Day
405
00:24:13,690 --> 00:24:18,782
of 1959,
the revolution was arriving.
406
00:24:18,869 --> 00:24:21,481
Tanks and soldiers
were rolling into Havana.
407
00:24:21,568 --> 00:24:23,918
♪ ♪
408
00:24:24,005 --> 00:24:26,442
When the
revolutionaries arrived
409
00:24:26,529 --> 00:24:29,227
from the Sierra Maestra,
there was no opposition.
410
00:24:29,314 --> 00:24:30,751
The opposition
picked up and left.
411
00:24:30,838 --> 00:24:32,927
♪ ♪
412
00:24:33,014 --> 00:24:37,366
Actually,
Batista evacuated, ran away,
413
00:24:37,453 --> 00:24:39,629
and Castro
happened to just drive
414
00:24:39,716 --> 00:24:42,458
into town in a Jeep
with about 40 people,
415
00:24:42,545 --> 00:24:44,808
and there it was to take.
416
00:24:44,895 --> 00:24:47,376
[cheering]
417
00:24:47,463 --> 00:24:49,813
New Years Day 1959,
418
00:24:49,900 --> 00:24:51,554
the news spreads
through Havana--
419
00:24:51,641 --> 00:24:53,991
Batista is finished.
420
00:24:54,078 --> 00:24:56,864
With Batista in flight
to the Dominican Republic,
421
00:24:56,951 --> 00:24:58,822
the celebrating soon
turns to mob action
422
00:24:58,909 --> 00:25:00,041
and looting.
423
00:25:00,128 --> 00:25:02,217
[sirens wailing]
424
00:25:02,304 --> 00:25:05,525
The situation before long
is completely out of hand.
425
00:25:05,612 --> 00:25:08,223
Mobs loot and pillage.
Gangs roam the streets.
426
00:25:08,310 --> 00:25:10,617
Anarchy reigns.
427
00:25:13,271 --> 00:25:15,883
They have that scene
in "Godfather Part II."
428
00:25:15,970 --> 00:25:18,320
People started to flood
into the casinos,
429
00:25:18,407 --> 00:25:19,887
and they dragged
the slot machines
430
00:25:19,974 --> 00:25:23,064
out into the street,
431
00:25:23,151 --> 00:25:26,371
and they started brush fires
using gambling tables.
432
00:25:26,458 --> 00:25:29,026
[people shouting indistinctly]
433
00:25:29,113 --> 00:25:32,290
The mafiosi were thinking,
"How do I get out of here?"
434
00:25:32,377 --> 00:25:34,771
[car horn blaring distantly]
435
00:25:34,858 --> 00:25:38,079
They realized
their lives were in danger.
436
00:25:38,166 --> 00:25:40,124
It was a full-fledged uprising.
437
00:25:40,211 --> 00:25:43,127
[people shouting indistinctly]
438
00:25:43,214 --> 00:25:45,826
[tense music]
439
00:25:45,913 --> 00:25:52,963
♪ ♪
440
00:25:56,837 --> 00:25:59,579
[speaking Spanish]
441
00:26:16,508 --> 00:26:17,771
The same way
that a heroin addict
442
00:26:17,858 --> 00:26:20,338
goes cold turkey,
the mob had to go cold turkey
443
00:26:20,425 --> 00:26:22,123
over the Havana casinos.
444
00:26:22,210 --> 00:26:24,604
Many people were surprised
when it fell as fast as it did,
445
00:26:24,691 --> 00:26:26,518
none more so than the mafia.
446
00:26:26,606 --> 00:26:29,783
♪ ♪
447
00:26:29,870 --> 00:26:32,960
The people of Cuba
see that it's happening,
448
00:26:33,047 --> 00:26:35,136
the revolution is here,
and there's
449
00:26:35,223 --> 00:26:37,486
a spontaneous outbreak of joy.
450
00:26:37,573 --> 00:26:40,184
[bright acoustic music]
451
00:26:40,271 --> 00:26:42,796
♪ ♪
452
00:26:42,883 --> 00:26:45,407
Every town and hamlet
cheering welcome
453
00:26:45,494 --> 00:26:47,278
greeted the revolution.
454
00:26:47,365 --> 00:26:54,416
♪ ♪
455
00:27:20,268 --> 00:27:27,492
♪ ♪
456
00:27:27,579 --> 00:27:30,191
[soft dramatic jazz music]
457
00:27:30,278 --> 00:27:37,067
♪ ♪
458
00:27:37,154 --> 00:27:38,765
Well, this is
the spontaneous,
459
00:27:38,852 --> 00:27:40,462
unrehearsed enthusiasm
460
00:27:40,549 --> 00:27:43,334
greeting the Cuban premier,
bearded Fidel Castro,
461
00:27:43,421 --> 00:27:45,293
visiting the big town.
462
00:27:45,380 --> 00:27:49,645
Only a few months after
the success of the revolution,
463
00:27:49,732 --> 00:27:53,214
Castro was invited
to come to the United States
464
00:27:53,301 --> 00:27:56,260
by the American
Newspaper Guild.
465
00:27:56,347 --> 00:27:58,654
He's on "Face the Nation."
466
00:27:58,741 --> 00:28:00,830
He's talking to Ed Sullivan.
467
00:28:00,917 --> 00:28:03,311
You are in the real
American tradition
468
00:28:03,398 --> 00:28:05,835
of a George Washington,
469
00:28:05,922 --> 00:28:08,664
of any man who started off
with a small body,
470
00:28:08,751 --> 00:28:10,971
fought against a great nation,
and won.
471
00:28:11,058 --> 00:28:13,495
♪ ♪
472
00:28:24,114 --> 00:28:26,464
He was not invited
on a state visit
473
00:28:26,551 --> 00:28:28,379
by the Eisenhower
Administration,
474
00:28:28,466 --> 00:28:30,642
which, of course,
had opposed his revolution.
475
00:28:58,888 --> 00:29:01,021
Fidel Castro
had his admirers.
476
00:29:01,108 --> 00:29:03,327
Many people in the U.S.
saw him as a young Kennedy.
477
00:29:03,414 --> 00:29:05,547
He was extremely charismatic.
478
00:29:05,634 --> 00:29:08,768
And I think there were people
who thought that change
479
00:29:08,855 --> 00:29:10,987
was necessary
and that Castro seemed
480
00:29:11,074 --> 00:29:13,990
to have the backing of
the Cuban people behind him.
481
00:29:14,077 --> 00:29:15,905
So I think there were
a lot of people
482
00:29:15,992 --> 00:29:17,646
who thought that
this could portend
483
00:29:17,733 --> 00:29:20,214
a good future for Cuba.
484
00:29:20,301 --> 00:29:23,521
[cheering]
485
00:29:23,608 --> 00:29:26,046
The CIA actually
took the opportunity
486
00:29:26,133 --> 00:29:29,223
of Castro's visit
to try and recruit him.
487
00:29:29,310 --> 00:29:33,793
They wanted him to purge Cuba
of all the Communists.
488
00:29:33,880 --> 00:29:35,795
Fidel made the point
to the CIA
489
00:29:35,882 --> 00:29:37,666
that they were
overly concerned
490
00:29:37,753 --> 00:29:39,407
about Communism
in Latin America
491
00:29:39,494 --> 00:29:41,322
and what they really
should be concerned about
492
00:29:41,409 --> 00:29:43,541
was inequality.
493
00:29:43,628 --> 00:29:47,197
The U.S. government
was prepared to try
494
00:29:47,284 --> 00:29:49,896
and offer him some aid,
495
00:29:49,983 --> 00:29:53,987
but the Cubans did not come
to beg for money.
496
00:29:54,074 --> 00:29:57,207
The revolution was proud.
It was young.
497
00:29:57,294 --> 00:30:00,080
Fidel was not gonna continue
the same relationship
498
00:30:00,167 --> 00:30:04,519
that previous sycophantic-type
leaders of Cuba had had.
499
00:30:04,606 --> 00:30:06,434
[soft dramatic music]
500
00:30:06,521 --> 00:30:09,002
It was clear
that the United States
501
00:30:09,089 --> 00:30:12,744
was not going to be able
to control Fidel Castro,
502
00:30:12,832 --> 00:30:15,312
which scared the shit
out of the CIA.
503
00:30:15,399 --> 00:30:18,228
♪ ♪
504
00:30:18,315 --> 00:30:20,187
[tense jazz music]
505
00:30:20,274 --> 00:30:23,538
Back in Cuba,
Castro clamps down.
506
00:30:23,625 --> 00:30:27,107
♪ ♪
507
00:30:27,194 --> 00:30:29,196
The mafia
was losing its assets.
508
00:30:29,283 --> 00:30:31,372
Their casinos
had been expropriated.
509
00:30:31,459 --> 00:30:33,896
They'd been kicked out
of their hotels.
510
00:30:33,983 --> 00:30:35,985
They'd all been forced
to flee back to Florida.
511
00:30:57,267 --> 00:30:59,052
That was something
that the mobsters
512
00:30:59,139 --> 00:31:01,924
particularly resented,
513
00:31:02,011 --> 00:31:03,360
and they were
gonna want revenge.
514
00:31:03,447 --> 00:31:06,407
♪ ♪
515
00:31:06,494 --> 00:31:10,150
Lansky gets off
the island pretty quickly.
516
00:31:10,237 --> 00:31:12,587
Santo Trafficante
gets left behind,
517
00:31:12,674 --> 00:31:14,806
and he gets arrested
by military police.
518
00:31:14,894 --> 00:31:20,160
♪ ♪
519
00:31:20,247 --> 00:31:23,076
Trafficante is put in the
Trescornia Detention Center.
520
00:31:23,163 --> 00:31:24,860
♪ ♪
521
00:31:24,947 --> 00:31:27,341
Castro announced
to the public,
522
00:31:27,428 --> 00:31:31,040
I'm not only aware
of the gangsters in Havana,
523
00:31:31,127 --> 00:31:34,261
I'm inclined to want
to execute them.
524
00:31:34,348 --> 00:31:35,479
[cheering]
525
00:31:35,566 --> 00:31:38,482
[gunshots]
526
00:31:38,569 --> 00:31:43,574
♪ ♪
527
00:31:43,661 --> 00:31:45,489
Trafficante was
understandably nervous
528
00:31:45,576 --> 00:31:47,709
when he was hearing these
firing squads going off.
529
00:31:47,796 --> 00:31:50,233
[gunshots]
530
00:31:50,320 --> 00:31:52,366
♪ ♪
531
00:31:52,453 --> 00:31:55,891
So the story is that
Santo Trafficante's lawyer
532
00:31:55,978 --> 00:31:58,154
Frank Ragano comes to see him.
533
00:31:58,241 --> 00:32:01,114
And Ragano says,
"Well, I'm gonna try
534
00:32:01,201 --> 00:32:03,551
"to set up
a meeting with Raul Castro
535
00:32:03,638 --> 00:32:06,119
to get you out of here."
536
00:32:06,206 --> 00:32:09,557
Supposedly,
a $1 million cash payment
537
00:32:09,644 --> 00:32:14,127
was delivered to Raul Castro,
and Santo Trafficante
538
00:32:14,214 --> 00:32:16,129
was released for that reason.
539
00:32:16,216 --> 00:32:22,091
♪ ♪
540
00:32:22,178 --> 00:32:24,224
[bright acoustic music]
541
00:32:24,311 --> 00:32:26,356
When Santo Trafficante
leaves Cuba
542
00:32:26,443 --> 00:32:27,967
and comes back
to the United States,
543
00:32:28,054 --> 00:32:30,273
he sets up operations
in Miami.
544
00:32:30,360 --> 00:32:32,841
He's really still fixated
on this concept
545
00:32:32,928 --> 00:32:34,799
of getting back into Cuba
546
00:32:34,886 --> 00:32:36,714
and getting those casinos
running again.
547
00:32:36,801 --> 00:32:38,760
♪ ♪
548
00:32:38,847 --> 00:32:41,023
[bright jazz music]
549
00:32:41,110 --> 00:32:43,852
Back in Chicago,
Sam Giancana
550
00:32:43,939 --> 00:32:45,767
was so angry
about what happened
551
00:32:45,854 --> 00:32:48,074
with their casinos
in Havana.
552
00:32:48,161 --> 00:32:51,381
And I guess my father
was in a bad mood.
553
00:32:51,468 --> 00:32:55,733
I mentioned that Fidel Castro
was very sexy
554
00:32:55,820 --> 00:32:57,822
because he was just
what I thought I would like,
555
00:32:57,909 --> 00:33:00,086
a little rough on the edges.
556
00:33:00,173 --> 00:33:03,219
My father
just tore into me
557
00:33:03,306 --> 00:33:07,267
and said, "Don't you ever
bring that man's name up
558
00:33:07,354 --> 00:33:09,269
in this house again."
559
00:33:09,356 --> 00:33:12,185
And his temper showed no end.
560
00:33:12,272 --> 00:33:16,580
And I'd seen him get enraged.
561
00:33:16,667 --> 00:33:21,933
If some man aggravated him,
his temper just blew up.
562
00:33:22,021 --> 00:33:24,240
[explosion]
563
00:33:29,680 --> 00:33:31,987
In the last year
of Eisenhower's presidency,
564
00:33:32,074 --> 00:33:35,599
there was a huge explosion
of a French ship
565
00:33:35,686 --> 00:33:38,124
called "La Coubre"
in Havana Harbor.
566
00:33:38,211 --> 00:33:41,257
[sirens wailing]
567
00:33:42,650 --> 00:33:46,045
It was a horrendous tragedy.
568
00:33:46,132 --> 00:33:48,699
75 people on the docks
were killed
569
00:33:48,786 --> 00:33:50,353
and on board the ship.
570
00:33:50,440 --> 00:33:53,922
More than 200 Cuban
dock workers were injured.
571
00:33:54,009 --> 00:33:56,142
Smoke billows around
the helicopter on which
572
00:33:56,229 --> 00:33:58,840
Castro himself
is surveying the scene.
573
00:33:58,927 --> 00:34:02,322
Castro's reaction
to the explosion of the ship
574
00:34:02,409 --> 00:34:05,281
was to blame it
on the United States.
575
00:34:05,368 --> 00:34:07,109
Castro says
the ship has been blown up
576
00:34:07,196 --> 00:34:09,372
by United States agents.
577
00:34:09,459 --> 00:34:12,680
US-Cuban relations
were spiraling downward.
578
00:34:14,464 --> 00:34:17,772
From then on out,
it was low-intensity warfare
579
00:34:17,859 --> 00:34:20,557
against the Cuban Revolution.
580
00:34:20,644 --> 00:34:23,604
At the time,
with Cold War mania
581
00:34:23,691 --> 00:34:28,043
and paranoia,
there is a lot of fear
582
00:34:28,130 --> 00:34:30,176
about what Castro
is going to do.
583
00:34:30,263 --> 00:34:32,830
Will he embrace
the Soviet Union?
584
00:34:32,917 --> 00:34:34,571
Will he become Communist?
585
00:34:34,658 --> 00:34:37,052
[tense music]
586
00:34:37,139 --> 00:34:39,620
In the 1950s,
there was a sense
587
00:34:39,707 --> 00:34:44,277
of tremendous paranoia
and near panic.
588
00:34:44,364 --> 00:34:46,888
There was a sense
that a nuclear attack
589
00:34:46,975 --> 00:34:50,152
could happen at any time.
590
00:34:50,239 --> 00:34:52,459
Newspapers were even printing
little clocks
591
00:34:52,546 --> 00:34:55,331
about how many minutes
it would take
592
00:34:55,418 --> 00:34:57,942
a Russian missile
to destroy New York.
593
00:34:58,029 --> 00:35:01,076
Our cities are prime targets
for atomic attack.
594
00:35:01,163 --> 00:35:02,817
It's estimated
over 4 million
595
00:35:02,904 --> 00:35:04,427
will die in New York City.
596
00:35:04,514 --> 00:35:07,865
[explosion]
597
00:35:13,393 --> 00:35:15,221
Eisenhower was under pressure.
598
00:35:15,308 --> 00:35:18,224
You have this island nation
so close
599
00:35:18,311 --> 00:35:21,575
to the United States
that could be used
600
00:35:21,662 --> 00:35:23,490
to launch Soviet missiles.
601
00:35:23,577 --> 00:35:26,014
You're going to just
let this happen?
602
00:35:26,101 --> 00:35:28,495
This is our backyard.
603
00:35:28,582 --> 00:35:30,540
[tense jazz music]
604
00:35:30,627 --> 00:35:33,108
The CIA officers
in that era believed
605
00:35:33,195 --> 00:35:35,719
that they knew more
than anybody
606
00:35:35,806 --> 00:35:37,286
about how intense
the threat was.
607
00:35:37,373 --> 00:35:39,767
And therefore,
they were motivated
608
00:35:39,854 --> 00:35:43,118
to do absolutely whatever
was necessary to defend
609
00:35:43,205 --> 00:35:45,773
against this threat.
610
00:35:45,860 --> 00:35:48,384
Allen Dulles
was in charge of the CIA,
611
00:35:48,471 --> 00:35:51,561
looking out to protect
America's interests
612
00:35:51,648 --> 00:35:54,085
in a very dangerous world.
613
00:35:54,173 --> 00:35:56,827
Dulles was the scholarly,
614
00:35:56,914 --> 00:36:00,309
pipe-smoking master spy.
615
00:36:00,396 --> 00:36:03,225
Allen Dulles
was the dominant figure
616
00:36:03,312 --> 00:36:05,575
in the early age of the CIA.
617
00:36:05,662 --> 00:36:08,926
It was actually the golden age
for covert action.
618
00:36:09,013 --> 00:36:10,754
[soft dramatic music]
619
00:36:10,841 --> 00:36:12,713
Allen Dulles comes from
620
00:36:12,800 --> 00:36:14,628
a politically-connected
family--
621
00:36:14,715 --> 00:36:16,499
grandfather,
secretary of state.
622
00:36:16,586 --> 00:36:18,414
Brother becomes
secretary of state.
623
00:36:18,501 --> 00:36:20,634
These are connected people.
624
00:36:20,721 --> 00:36:22,505
♪ ♪
625
00:36:22,592 --> 00:36:24,290
Allen Dulles was fascinated
626
00:36:24,377 --> 00:36:27,118
with what we now call
intelligence ever since
627
00:36:27,206 --> 00:36:28,729
he was a little boy.
628
00:36:28,816 --> 00:36:32,167
He discovered the novel
"Kim" by Rudyard Kipling.
629
00:36:32,254 --> 00:36:34,604
It became his favorite book.
630
00:36:34,691 --> 00:36:36,867
"Kim" is written in 1901,
631
00:36:36,954 --> 00:36:39,827
and it's often considered
the great novel
632
00:36:39,914 --> 00:36:42,438
about what it is
to become a spy.
633
00:36:42,525 --> 00:36:45,659
You have this young guy
who literally is gonna
634
00:36:45,746 --> 00:36:47,443
make a name for himself.
635
00:36:47,530 --> 00:36:49,445
One of the things
that he learns
636
00:36:49,532 --> 00:36:52,361
is what he calls
the great game,
637
00:36:52,448 --> 00:36:54,494
and the great game
is the power
638
00:36:54,581 --> 00:36:57,801
of having information.
639
00:36:57,888 --> 00:36:59,934
"Here was a new craft
that a man
640
00:37:00,021 --> 00:37:02,284
"could tuck away in his head;
641
00:37:02,371 --> 00:37:04,330
"and by the look
of the wide world
642
00:37:04,417 --> 00:37:07,637
"unfolding itself before him,
it seemed
643
00:37:07,724 --> 00:37:11,206
that the more a man knew,
the better for him."
644
00:37:11,293 --> 00:37:14,905
Information.
Everything.
645
00:37:14,992 --> 00:37:16,646
And that's what he discovered.
646
00:37:16,733 --> 00:37:18,257
From the days of Socrates,
647
00:37:18,344 --> 00:37:20,824
mankind has been
seeking knowledge.
648
00:37:20,911 --> 00:37:24,263
Intelligence is nothing really
other than information
649
00:37:24,350 --> 00:37:25,786
and knowledge.
650
00:37:25,873 --> 00:37:31,792
♪ ♪
651
00:37:31,879 --> 00:37:35,404
Dulles was very aware of
what the Soviet intent was,
652
00:37:35,491 --> 00:37:38,277
and he was determined
to stop it.
653
00:37:38,364 --> 00:37:40,975
♪ ♪
654
00:37:41,062 --> 00:37:44,108
[case beeping]
655
00:37:44,195 --> 00:37:51,246
♪ ♪
656
00:38:02,213 --> 00:38:05,956
The CIA knew quite rightly
that the United States
657
00:38:06,043 --> 00:38:08,959
was a colossus
that bestrode the world,
658
00:38:09,046 --> 00:38:11,875
and they saw themselves
as the force that would slay
659
00:38:11,962 --> 00:38:15,488
the beast of Soviet Communism.
660
00:38:15,575 --> 00:38:20,014
Dulles was intensely interested
in cultivating
661
00:38:20,101 --> 00:38:22,843
the public image of the CIA
662
00:38:22,930 --> 00:38:26,760
as this
shadowy super force
663
00:38:26,847 --> 00:38:30,372
that could
accomplish miracles.
664
00:38:30,459 --> 00:38:32,940
It was Allen Dulles who
was the head of the CIA,
665
00:38:33,027 --> 00:38:37,074
but right below him
was Richard Bissell.
666
00:38:37,161 --> 00:38:40,469
Rick Bissell
was regarded as a genius,
667
00:38:40,556 --> 00:38:42,253
a product of great wealth,
668
00:38:42,341 --> 00:38:44,473
educated at Groton and Yale
669
00:38:44,560 --> 00:38:47,171
and the London School
of Economics.
670
00:38:47,258 --> 00:38:52,002
Bissell was a man who wasn't
the traditional spy.
671
00:38:52,089 --> 00:38:54,353
He believed in
the high-tech aspects of it.
672
00:38:54,440 --> 00:38:57,530
He thought in big terms.
673
00:38:57,617 --> 00:39:00,271
He's reported as a guy
who couldn't sit still.
674
00:39:00,359 --> 00:39:02,578
He was always pacing
in his office.
675
00:39:02,665 --> 00:39:04,667
And when he had
to sit at meetings,
676
00:39:04,754 --> 00:39:07,844
he would compulsively
bend and re-bend paper clips
677
00:39:07,931 --> 00:39:10,456
or crush pieces of paper up
into tiny balls.
678
00:39:14,982 --> 00:39:18,551
Eisenhower and Allen Dulles
had become strongly convinced
679
00:39:18,638 --> 00:39:20,074
that Fidel Castro
was a mortal threat
680
00:39:20,161 --> 00:39:22,555
to the United States.
681
00:39:22,642 --> 00:39:24,774
They didn't want
a Communist beachhead
682
00:39:24,861 --> 00:39:27,690
90 miles from Key West.
683
00:39:27,777 --> 00:39:30,519
And to avert that,
they had to do something.
684
00:39:33,217 --> 00:39:36,438
Eisenhower was a passionate
supporter of covert action.
685
00:39:36,525 --> 00:39:37,787
There were all sorts
of ideas--
686
00:39:37,874 --> 00:39:40,529
commando raids,
sabotage, and arson.
687
00:39:40,616 --> 00:39:42,183
And Eisenhower said,
"These are not
688
00:39:42,270 --> 00:39:44,054
"going far enough.
689
00:39:44,141 --> 00:39:48,755
I want things
that might be more drastic."
690
00:39:48,842 --> 00:39:50,452
In memorandum of conference
with the President
691
00:39:50,539 --> 00:39:54,413
dated May 13, 1960,
Eisenhower states,
692
00:39:54,500 --> 00:39:55,979
"I want him sawed off."
693
00:39:56,066 --> 00:39:58,591
[tense music]
694
00:39:58,678 --> 00:40:00,201
The meaning of that
would have been
695
00:40:00,288 --> 00:40:02,725
very clear
to everyone who was present.
696
00:40:02,812 --> 00:40:05,728
Eisenhower was a tough guy
behind that smile.
697
00:40:05,815 --> 00:40:10,211
This became Allen Dulles's
responsibility to carry out.
698
00:40:10,298 --> 00:40:13,214
He asked his Covert
Operations Director Bissell
699
00:40:13,301 --> 00:40:16,435
to take on the project.
700
00:40:16,522 --> 00:40:19,176
Bissell proposed
in a written memo
701
00:40:19,263 --> 00:40:23,442
to Dulles "the elimination
of Fidel Castro."
702
00:40:23,529 --> 00:40:26,749
Well, Dulles, perhaps a little
more politically savvy,
703
00:40:26,836 --> 00:40:28,577
suggested "elimination"
had more
704
00:40:28,664 --> 00:40:31,058
than a tinge of murder in it
705
00:40:31,145 --> 00:40:34,365
and edited that to say,
"the removal
706
00:40:34,453 --> 00:40:37,456
of Castro from power."
707
00:40:37,543 --> 00:40:39,240
And that's when
the ball started rolling.
708
00:40:39,327 --> 00:40:45,725
♪ ♪
709
00:40:45,812 --> 00:40:48,945
The whole strategy
by the CIA was two-tiered.
710
00:40:49,032 --> 00:40:52,296
It was, one,
to try to assassinate Castro,
711
00:40:52,383 --> 00:40:55,691
and then also
to plan for an invasion
712
00:40:55,778 --> 00:40:58,825
by an army of Cuban exiles
713
00:40:58,912 --> 00:41:00,304
that would establish
714
00:41:00,391 --> 00:41:04,874
a new American-friendly
government in Havana.
715
00:41:04,961 --> 00:41:07,398
Dick Bissell
tells the vice president
716
00:41:07,486 --> 00:41:09,705
that the CIA is gonna need
717
00:41:09,792 --> 00:41:14,928
500 trained Cuban exiles
to do the job.
718
00:41:15,015 --> 00:41:18,279
So hundreds of Cuban exiles
are being trained
719
00:41:18,366 --> 00:41:19,672
in an invasion plan.
720
00:42:12,420 --> 00:42:16,206
While all these Cuban exiles
are being trained in Florida
721
00:42:16,293 --> 00:42:19,427
and Latin America,
CIA officials
722
00:42:19,514 --> 00:42:22,778
had gotten the approval of
President Dwight Eisenhower
723
00:42:22,865 --> 00:42:25,738
to go ahead with
this assassination attempt
724
00:42:25,825 --> 00:42:28,131
against Castro.
725
00:42:28,218 --> 00:42:30,438
President Eisenhower
was adamant
726
00:42:30,525 --> 00:42:32,440
that there would be
no fingerprints
727
00:42:32,527 --> 00:42:34,094
on the Castro plot.
728
00:42:34,181 --> 00:42:35,965
For the CIA,
the big question was,
729
00:42:36,052 --> 00:42:39,665
how do we do this so that
the President could
730
00:42:39,752 --> 00:42:43,538
plausibly deny
that he approved the attempts
731
00:42:43,625 --> 00:42:46,149
to kill a foreign leader?
732
00:42:46,236 --> 00:42:49,631
"Plausible deniability"
means even if people
733
00:42:49,718 --> 00:42:51,067
don't believe you
when you say
734
00:42:51,154 --> 00:42:53,026
you're not involved
in this operation,
735
00:42:53,113 --> 00:42:55,855
there's no clear evidence.
736
00:42:55,942 --> 00:42:57,813
They wanted somebody else
to do it
737
00:42:57,900 --> 00:43:00,555
as opposed to the government.
738
00:43:00,642 --> 00:43:02,862
They want a middleman,
if you will.
739
00:43:02,949 --> 00:43:05,038
[Morse code beeping]
740
00:43:05,125 --> 00:43:07,431
So the plan to get rid
of Castro
741
00:43:07,518 --> 00:43:09,608
goes down the hierarchy
of the CIA,
742
00:43:09,695 --> 00:43:12,088
from Dulles to Bissell
743
00:43:12,175 --> 00:43:15,048
to Head of Security
Shef Edwards
744
00:43:15,135 --> 00:43:19,052
In the CIA memo
dated August 1960,
745
00:43:19,139 --> 00:43:21,141
Bissell asked
Sheffield Edwards
746
00:43:21,228 --> 00:43:22,577
"if Edwards
could establish contact
747
00:43:22,664 --> 00:43:24,492
"with the U.S.
gambling syndicate
748
00:43:24,579 --> 00:43:27,277
that was active in Cuba."
749
00:43:27,364 --> 00:43:32,761
Bissell is gonna hire
the mafia to kill Castro.
750
00:43:32,848 --> 00:43:34,720
The idea of the mafia
751
00:43:34,807 --> 00:43:37,723
created a great cover
for the CIA.
752
00:43:37,810 --> 00:43:42,379
The mafia had a grievance
against the Cuban Revolution.
753
00:43:42,466 --> 00:43:46,296
If they were identified as
the assassins of Fidel Castro,
754
00:43:46,383 --> 00:43:48,603
everybody would go, "Oh, yeah,
sure, that makes sense."
755
00:43:48,690 --> 00:43:50,474
[suspenseful music]
756
00:43:50,561 --> 00:43:51,911
But government
shouldn't be assassinating
757
00:43:51,998 --> 00:43:54,304
foreign heads of state
to start with.
758
00:43:54,391 --> 00:43:56,480
But if you've already crossed
that line in the Rubicon
759
00:43:56,567 --> 00:43:57,786
and now you've decided
760
00:43:57,873 --> 00:43:59,788
to become partners
with the mafia,
761
00:43:59,875 --> 00:44:02,051
it's a whole
different operation.
762
00:44:02,138 --> 00:44:04,619
[gunfire]
763
00:44:09,537 --> 00:44:10,973
The CIA can't be seen
764
00:44:11,060 --> 00:44:12,801
directly dealing
with the mafia.
765
00:44:12,888 --> 00:44:15,369
So what they have to do
is use a cutout,
766
00:44:15,456 --> 00:44:20,156
somebody that they know
knows mafiosos.
767
00:44:20,243 --> 00:44:22,724
Shef Edwards told Bissell
that he had a friend,
768
00:44:22,811 --> 00:44:25,379
a private investigator through
whom syndicate elements
769
00:44:25,466 --> 00:44:27,816
in Cuba could be reached.
770
00:44:27,903 --> 00:44:31,820
That was the path
to Robert Maheu.
771
00:44:31,907 --> 00:44:36,956
Now, Bob Maheu had been
an FBI agent in the 1940s.
772
00:44:37,043 --> 00:44:39,262
And then during the '50s,
he had gone
773
00:44:39,349 --> 00:44:42,265
into private practice as
a private investigator in DC.
774
00:44:42,352 --> 00:44:46,182
He had several clients,
and one of them was the CIA.
775
00:44:46,269 --> 00:44:48,924
So he could be trusted.
776
00:44:49,011 --> 00:44:50,447
The mission,
should you decide
777
00:44:50,534 --> 00:44:53,450
to accept it, is to put them
out of business permanently.
778
00:44:53,537 --> 00:44:56,236
["Mission Impossible Theme"
plays]
779
00:44:56,323 --> 00:44:59,543
Robert Maheu claimed
that he was the inspiration
780
00:44:59,630 --> 00:45:01,676
for "Mission Impossible"--
781
00:45:01,763 --> 00:45:07,160
very popular,
very suave 1960s spy show.
782
00:45:07,247 --> 00:45:09,684
♪ ♪
783
00:45:09,771 --> 00:45:12,861
And one of
his big clients becomes
784
00:45:12,948 --> 00:45:17,648
Howard Hughes, the wealthiest
man in the United States.
785
00:45:17,736 --> 00:45:19,781
Obviously, working
for Howard Hughes,
786
00:45:19,868 --> 00:45:22,088
he was somebody
that had a lot of access.
787
00:45:22,175 --> 00:45:24,307
Remember, if you get
around powerful people,
788
00:45:24,394 --> 00:45:26,527
you're going to get
information.
789
00:45:26,614 --> 00:45:29,530
[indistinct chatter]
790
00:45:29,617 --> 00:45:31,184
[soft dramatic music]
791
00:45:31,271 --> 00:45:33,229
Sheffield Edwards
from the CIA reached out
792
00:45:33,316 --> 00:45:35,971
to Bob Maheu and said,
"Hey, this is something
793
00:45:36,058 --> 00:45:38,147
we want to do."
794
00:45:38,234 --> 00:45:40,497
Maheu was reluctant
to get involved in this
795
00:45:40,584 --> 00:45:42,586
because, hey, we're talking
about assassinating
796
00:45:42,673 --> 00:45:44,980
the head of a government.
797
00:45:45,067 --> 00:45:48,636
But the argument was made,
"Hey, this is a war.
798
00:45:48,723 --> 00:45:50,203
"You're doing this
for your country.
799
00:45:50,290 --> 00:45:52,205
This is a patriotic thing
for you to do."
800
00:45:52,292 --> 00:45:55,643
♪ ♪
801
00:45:55,730 --> 00:45:57,950
Patriotism justifies people
802
00:45:58,037 --> 00:46:01,692
doing all kinds of things--
803
00:46:01,780 --> 00:46:04,304
in this case,
to have a murder arranged.
804
00:46:04,391 --> 00:46:07,437
♪ ♪
805
00:46:07,524 --> 00:46:09,962
Maheu is conflicted.
806
00:46:10,049 --> 00:46:12,399
Here he is
a good Catholic boy,
807
00:46:12,486 --> 00:46:15,097
went to Holy Cross.
808
00:46:15,184 --> 00:46:20,755
Can I kill Fidel Castro
in all good conscience?
809
00:46:20,842 --> 00:46:24,846
And he ultimately decides
that if he had been able
810
00:46:24,933 --> 00:46:27,414
to kill Hitler
in World War II,
811
00:46:27,501 --> 00:46:29,851
he could have saved lives.
812
00:46:29,938 --> 00:46:32,245
So he says yes.
813
00:46:32,332 --> 00:46:34,769
♪ ♪
814
00:46:34,856 --> 00:46:37,076
People had no idea
that this sort of stuff
815
00:46:37,163 --> 00:46:38,686
was going on.
816
00:46:38,773 --> 00:46:41,689
The activities of the CIA
must be secret.
817
00:46:41,776 --> 00:46:44,866
People really thought
that the FBI,
818
00:46:44,953 --> 00:46:48,261
the CIA were slaying
the dragons of evil.
819
00:46:48,348 --> 00:46:50,350
[gunfire]
820
00:46:50,437 --> 00:46:53,962
They were presenting
a public image of rectitude
821
00:46:54,049 --> 00:46:56,182
and always being on
the right side of the law.
822
00:46:56,269 --> 00:46:58,575
♪ ♪
823
00:46:58,662 --> 00:47:01,622
So the United States being
involved in assassinating
824
00:47:01,709 --> 00:47:04,581
a head of state
at the height of the Cold War,
825
00:47:04,668 --> 00:47:07,758
this thing's fraught
with peril.
826
00:47:07,846 --> 00:47:14,765
♪ ♪
827
00:47:14,853 --> 00:47:19,118
Maheu himself was nervous
about the whole operation.
828
00:47:19,205 --> 00:47:21,120
♪ ♪
829
00:47:21,207 --> 00:47:23,818
Maheu voiced concerns
with the CIA contacts,
830
00:47:23,905 --> 00:47:26,038
like, "Are you really sure
831
00:47:26,125 --> 00:47:29,215
this is the direction
you want to go?"
832
00:47:29,302 --> 00:47:32,958
If this comes out,
what will this do to our image
833
00:47:33,045 --> 00:47:36,004
in the eyes of the world?
834
00:47:36,091 --> 00:47:38,920
But the CIA at that time
was so arrogant
835
00:47:39,007 --> 00:47:40,748
that it didn't even
think about
836
00:47:40,835 --> 00:47:44,360
the operation falling apart.
837
00:47:44,447 --> 00:47:48,190
So Maheu sets up
a meeting with his connection
838
00:47:48,277 --> 00:47:51,411
to the mafia, Johnny Roselli.
839
00:47:51,498 --> 00:47:53,587
♪ ♪
840
00:47:53,674 --> 00:47:56,024
Who is Johnny Roselli?
841
00:47:56,111 --> 00:47:58,418
I would say that the answer
to that question
842
00:47:58,505 --> 00:48:01,551
depends upon who's asking it.
843
00:48:01,638 --> 00:48:03,031
In terms of all
of the characters
844
00:48:03,118 --> 00:48:05,294
throughout this story,
Johnny Roselli,
845
00:48:05,381 --> 00:48:09,429
the gangster,
is at the root of everything.
846
00:48:09,516 --> 00:48:11,605
Roselli would team up
with the CIA
847
00:48:11,692 --> 00:48:13,520
to create one of the strangest
848
00:48:13,607 --> 00:48:15,261
and most illegal chapters
849
00:48:15,348 --> 00:48:19,700
in the history
of the United States.
850
00:48:22,007 --> 00:48:26,007
in the history
of the United States.
851
00:48:26,007 --> 00:48:31,007
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852
00:48:26,007 --> 00:48:36,007
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