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WILLIAM SHATNER:
A daring hijack that ends in terror.
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A baffling heist
in which priceless paintings
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vanish into thin air.
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And an ingenious bank robbery
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with a time bomb
ticking down to zero.
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It seems whenever there is
something of great value,
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there are also thieves
who want to steal it.
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But what really motivates
someone to steal?
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Is it for the money?
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To show how smart they are?
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Or could a criminal mastermind
have other, more secret reasons
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for risking everything
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to pull off a seemingly
impossible caper?
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Well, that is what
we'll try and find out.
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♪ ♪
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On the night
before Thanksgiving,
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Northwest Orient Airlines
Flight 305 is about
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to depart on a short flight
to Seattle
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when a middle-aged man
dressed in a black suit
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and carrying
a black attaché case
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boards the plane.
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But this man
is not flying to celebrate
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the holiday
with friends or family.
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He has other plans.
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GEOFFREY GRAY:
As the plane took off,
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he passed the stewardess a note.
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The note said, "I have a bomb.
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I would like you
to sit near me."
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And, at that point,
she could tell he was serious.
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SCOTT SELBY:
The stewardess asked him
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if she could see the bomb.
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He discreetly opens up
a briefcase
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and show what appears to her
to be a bomb.
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SHATNER:
The hijacker demands $200,000
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and four parachutes
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to be delivered to him when
the plane lands in Seattle,
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or he will blow up the airliner,
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killing everyone on board.
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GRAY:
After the plane lands in Seattle,
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00:02:14,586 --> 00:02:17,758
in comes the money
and the parachutes.
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And all the passengers
are escorted off the plane,
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and the hijacker ordered
the pilots to take off
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towards, of all places,
Mexico City.
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SHATNER:
The Boeing 727 is refueled, and a 4-person crew
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takes the hijacker
back into the air,
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headed for the border.
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But during the flight,
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the hijacker
puts on two parachutes,
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ties the money to his chest,
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and opens the aft stairs.
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No one knows exactly
when or where,
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but at some point,
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he leaps from the plane,
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and is never seen again.
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He was gone and vanished
into the night air.
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LARRY LEVINE: There was
a manhunt that was launched
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over a two-state area
where they had the FBI,
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other federal agencies,
the army, state police,
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and they were combing
that entire area,
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and they didn't find anything.
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SHATNER:
According to the plane's manifest,
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the hijacker's
listed name was "Dan Cooper,"
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but thanks
to a news miscommunication,
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he is more commonly
referred to as, "D.B. Cooper."
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However,
authorities soon learned
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that this name
was merely an alias,
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and the real identity
of the man was unknown.
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D.B. Cooper's escape
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was so ingenious
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that it was nearly
ten years before the FBI
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got a major break in the case.
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GRAY:
One day in 1980,
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having a picnic
on the side of this river,
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a young boy found some money.
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But this just wasn't any money.
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This was the D.B. Cooper money.
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It turned up in this sandbar.
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The money was found in
a completely different place
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than the path of the plane.
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So what that means
is that the money
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didn't just
flutter to the ground
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and land into the sandbar.
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It means it had to get there
by some kind of means.
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SHATNER:
But why would D.B. Cooper
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risk his life to steal $200,000
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only to bury
at least some of it in the sand?
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It seems to defy all logic.
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Unless D.B. Cooper
had another reason for doing
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the hijacking besides money.
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DIANE BIRNHOLZ: Having money
be the object of this case
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doesn't make sense
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because he had to have known
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that this money
would either be marked
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or it would be
somehow traceable.
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So, again, you have to wonder,
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what was the real agenda here?
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LEVINE:
You've got a man that
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jumped out
of a moving jet aircraft
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that was never found,
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and he was
like a perfect professional.
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00:05:07,241 --> 00:05:10,241
And I suspect
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that he was
probably former military,
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possibly part of the CIA,
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who had a mission
that needed to be carried out.
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SHATNER:
It may sound like a far-fetched conspiracy theory,
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but according
to some researchers,
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there is evidence
to suggest that D.B. Cooper
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had military training.
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For instance, Cooper knew
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that the Boeing 727-100
aircraft's aft staircase
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was a good platform
for a parachute jump.
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And, in fact, the CIA
had used this same tactic
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with the same model airplane
to airdrop supplies
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and spies
during the Vietnam War.
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Air America, which was
the CIA's airline in Vietnam,
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they used this same aircraft,
and D.B. had to have had
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knowledge that the 727-100
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had the stairwell
that could be lowered,
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and it could be lowered
in flight.
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This wasn't common knowledge.
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And this is
something that somebody
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had to have already
had experience doing
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in order to pull it off.
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SHATNER:
If D.B. Cooper was trained by the CIA,
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was the hijacking
something he did on his own,
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or could it have been a mission
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that he
was ordered to carry out?
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And, if so, for what purpose?
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BIRNHOLZ:
Back in 1971, there was not much security
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in terms of airline travel.
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And there were
a lot of hijackings
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happening in the early '70s.
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SELBY:
At the time you could have,
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say, as many guns as you wanted
in your duffle bag
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that you carried on,
on your person.
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00:06:57,517 --> 00:06:59,275
And this meant,
of course, that people
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were hijacking planes
left and right.
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It was also
oftentimes political,
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so the terrorism of the 1970s
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in which
people would hijack a plane
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and then make demands
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for various political prisoners
to be freed,
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and then you take them
in the plane to Cuba,
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and Cuba would let you
live there for free
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as long as you wanted.
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GRAY:
This was like a political act,
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hijackings. People would say,
"Take me to Cuba."
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So much so that
the FAA and agency officials
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almost reconstructed a replica
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of the Havana Airport
in Southern Florida.
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The idea was if you got
hijacked to Havana,
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you would just fly around
and then land at the fake site.
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Some people theorize
that the D.B. Cooper hijacking
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was really
some sort of false flag event
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to create
a hijacking spectacular enough
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that it will grab
everyone's attention
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and lead to
some regulation changes,
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so that these hijackings
can stop.
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And that actually is
what happened after D.B. Cooper,
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because the FAA came out
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with all kinds
of new regulations.
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LEVINE:
I wouldn't put it past the CIA to have an agent
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like Dan Cooper
do whatever it took
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to raise public perception
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and public awareness
on airline security.
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I mean, when you
really look at it,
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who was hurt? Nobody.
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I mean, he had all the makings
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of an undercover operative.
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GRAY:
The D.B. Cooper case-- what makes it noteworthy
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is that it's actually
the only unsolved skyjacking
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in the world.
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And what makes it
so hard to solve
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is that it's mysteries
and mysteries.
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And once you get inside those
mysteries, there's others.
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It's not just a story
about a hijacker.
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SHATNER:
Was D.B. Cooper a CIA agent
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whose mission
was conceived not by him
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but by his superiors?
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It's a fascinating theory
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and suggests
that the true mastermind
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00:09:00,655 --> 00:09:03,724
behind a crime
can be hard to uncover.
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00:09:04,689 --> 00:09:07,586
Like in the case of another,
more recent crime.
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A robbery involving $250,000,
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a ticking time bomb,
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and even more
unanswered questions.
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SHATNER: It's an ordinary day
at a downtown PNC Bank
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when 46-year-old Brian Wells
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gets in line to see the teller.
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But Brian Wells
is no ordinary customer.
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JERRY CLARK:
Mr. Wells had a protrusion under the shirt
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that was described like someone
had a medical injury
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that was under his neck.
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Mr. Wells handed
the teller a note
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and said,
"This is a bank robbery,
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and I need $250,000 in cash."
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BIRNHOLZ:
The demand note said there was a bomb strapped around his neck.
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00:10:03,241 --> 00:10:05,241
The teller informed Brian Wells
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00:10:05,310 --> 00:10:07,482
that she couldn't access
the bank vault.
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00:10:07,586 --> 00:10:11,137
And so she ended up giving him
about $8,000.
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00:10:11,241 --> 00:10:14,034
SHATNER:
Brian Wells walked out of the bank
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with only a fraction
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of the amount
of money that he had demanded.
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00:10:18,689 --> 00:10:20,862
And he didn't make it very far
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00:10:20,931 --> 00:10:24,034
because the bank called the
police the moment Brian left.
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I get dispatched like any other
law enforcement officer.
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00:10:29,551 --> 00:10:31,827
"Hey, there's a bank robbery,
7200 Peach,
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00:10:31,931 --> 00:10:34,275
potential, uh,
explosive device used."
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00:10:35,275 --> 00:10:39,000
After leaving the bank,
within five minutes Mr. Wells
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00:10:39,068 --> 00:10:42,862
is located and apprehended by
the Pennsylvania state police,
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00:10:42,931 --> 00:10:48,172
and he advises that he does
have a bomb under his shirt.
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00:10:48,275 --> 00:10:50,655
We didn't know
if he was a hostage
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00:10:50,724 --> 00:10:52,827
or if he was a cooperator.
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We had no idea.
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00:10:54,586 --> 00:10:56,758
He said,
"I'm a pizza delivery driver.
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"I went to deliver pizzas,
and these people accosted me
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00:11:00,862 --> 00:11:03,517
and made me wear the device
and rob the bank."
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00:11:03,620 --> 00:11:06,551
I think it's
one of those real moments
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00:11:06,620 --> 00:11:09,103
that you're thinking
it's probably a hoax.
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00:11:09,172 --> 00:11:11,862
Because I can't tell you how
many hoax bank robberies
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00:11:11,931 --> 00:11:15,206
I was at where people indicate
they have an explosive device,
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00:11:15,275 --> 00:11:16,862
and it's a hoax.
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00:11:16,931 --> 00:11:18,862
But you have to believe
that it's real.
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And we notified the bomb squad.
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00:11:21,827 --> 00:11:24,482
His demeanor
was getting agitated
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00:11:24,551 --> 00:11:26,689
as we were waiting
for the bomb squad.
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00:11:26,793 --> 00:11:29,551
He was saying,
"Hey, can I have a cigarette?
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00:11:29,620 --> 00:11:31,379
This is heavy."
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00:11:31,448 --> 00:11:32,793
But we still don't know
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00:11:32,862 --> 00:11:35,000
if it's fake
or real at that point.
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SHATNER:
At 3:18 p.m., without warning,
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00:11:39,206 --> 00:11:40,862
the bomb detonated...
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00:11:42,862 --> 00:11:46,724
...and Brian Wells
died instantly.
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00:11:47,689 --> 00:11:49,793
CLARK: I mean,
that's just some moment
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00:11:49,896 --> 00:11:51,862
you'll never forget
in your lifetime.
236
00:11:51,965 --> 00:11:54,034
It's not uncommon
for a bank robber
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to say they have a device,
and it's going to go off.
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00:11:57,551 --> 00:11:59,137
That's not uncommon.
239
00:11:59,206 --> 00:12:02,620
What's uncommon
is for it to actually happen.
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00:12:02,689 --> 00:12:06,448
Brian was a very nice guy
241
00:12:06,517 --> 00:12:09,034
and, for his family,
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00:12:09,103 --> 00:12:12,172
I will always be sorry
for what they went through,
243
00:12:12,241 --> 00:12:16,931
to see that happen on TV.
244
00:12:17,896 --> 00:12:20,586
But you immediately have
to gain control of the scene.
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00:12:20,689 --> 00:12:22,931
So we did a search
of Brian Wells' vehicle.
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00:12:23,000 --> 00:12:26,931
And inside we found
a series of notes.
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00:12:27,034 --> 00:12:28,758
Nine total pages.
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00:12:28,862 --> 00:12:33,413
Really bizarre notes
and way too detailed and complex
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like you couldn't believe.
250
00:12:35,896 --> 00:12:37,965
Some were made to the teller.
251
00:12:38,034 --> 00:12:42,034
Some were made to police
and what not to do.
252
00:12:42,137 --> 00:12:45,551
Some were made to Brian Wells
specifically, saying,
253
00:12:45,655 --> 00:12:47,620
"Wells, after you rob the bank,
254
00:12:47,724 --> 00:12:50,620
"this is the series of stops
that you're to make
255
00:12:50,724 --> 00:12:54,103
to obtain keys to get
the device off of your neck."
256
00:12:55,034 --> 00:12:58,448
LEVINE: It's like he was
on a scavenger hunt,
257
00:12:58,551 --> 00:13:01,965
and at each location,
he would find a key
258
00:13:02,034 --> 00:13:05,206
or a code that would be
one step closer
259
00:13:05,310 --> 00:13:09,482
for him be able
to remove the bomb from him.
260
00:13:09,586 --> 00:13:12,482
I mean, never in our history
261
00:13:12,586 --> 00:13:14,586
has a man walked into a bank
262
00:13:14,655 --> 00:13:18,103
with a bomb strapped
around his neck
263
00:13:18,172 --> 00:13:22,137
with orders to complete
a scavenger hunt
264
00:13:22,241 --> 00:13:24,793
to have the bomb removed.
265
00:13:25,620 --> 00:13:28,482
CLARK:
The design of the collar
266
00:13:28,586 --> 00:13:30,655
and the box that the collar held
267
00:13:30,724 --> 00:13:32,482
was very unique.
268
00:13:32,551 --> 00:13:34,551
It was basically
like a large handcuff
269
00:13:34,655 --> 00:13:36,310
on the collar portion.
270
00:13:37,551 --> 00:13:39,724
Below the collar was a box.
271
00:13:39,827 --> 00:13:41,827
And the box held two pipe bombs
272
00:13:41,896 --> 00:13:44,517
and two kitchen timers.
273
00:13:44,620 --> 00:13:47,137
The bomb squad
said it was one of the most
274
00:13:47,206 --> 00:13:50,034
diabolical killing machines
they had ever seen.
275
00:13:50,103 --> 00:13:53,448
And that's because
it was one of a kind.
276
00:13:53,517 --> 00:13:57,206
It was made specifically
for this event.
277
00:13:57,310 --> 00:14:01,551
Initially, we had never seen
anything like this.
278
00:14:01,655 --> 00:14:05,551
We just had to start very much
in a methodical process,
279
00:14:05,655 --> 00:14:07,689
putting the pieces together.
280
00:14:08,689 --> 00:14:12,103
The criminal mastermind clearly
spent so much time doing this.
281
00:14:12,206 --> 00:14:15,034
The mastermind
is obviously delighting
282
00:14:15,137 --> 00:14:16,931
in playing a game
with the police,
283
00:14:17,034 --> 00:14:18,896
and then when
they can't solve it,
284
00:14:18,965 --> 00:14:22,103
that is a huge boost
to their own ego,
285
00:14:22,206 --> 00:14:24,413
and the longer
they could delay the police
286
00:14:24,517 --> 00:14:25,965
actually finding real answers,
287
00:14:26,034 --> 00:14:28,068
the more they would feel amazing
about themselves,
288
00:14:28,137 --> 00:14:31,482
and the mastermind
behind the Brian Wells case
289
00:14:31,551 --> 00:14:33,137
was clearly trying to do that.
290
00:14:33,206 --> 00:14:35,137
SHATNER:
In search of answers,
291
00:14:35,206 --> 00:14:37,689
investigators
traced Wells's movements
292
00:14:37,758 --> 00:14:40,103
earlier in the day.
293
00:14:40,206 --> 00:14:42,896
They went
to a nearby television tower
294
00:14:42,965 --> 00:14:45,827
where Wells had made
his last pizza delivery.
295
00:14:45,896 --> 00:14:47,793
CLARK:
He said when he went there
296
00:14:47,896 --> 00:14:50,206
and got to the back of the site,
297
00:14:50,275 --> 00:14:52,655
he was accosted
by a group of individuals
298
00:14:52,758 --> 00:14:55,068
who told him to rob the bank,
299
00:14:55,137 --> 00:14:58,068
and then he will have
notes to follow
300
00:14:58,137 --> 00:15:00,448
to get the keys
to get the device off.
301
00:15:00,517 --> 00:15:03,655
SHATNER:
But when the cops checked out the area,
302
00:15:03,758 --> 00:15:05,827
they found that
the tower was abandoned,
303
00:15:05,931 --> 00:15:08,206
and the trail went cold.
304
00:15:08,275 --> 00:15:10,965
That is,
until three weeks later,
305
00:15:11,034 --> 00:15:14,241
when local handyman
Bill Rothstein,
306
00:15:14,344 --> 00:15:17,793
who just happened to live
right next to the TV tower,
307
00:15:17,896 --> 00:15:19,551
called 911.
308
00:15:29,068 --> 00:15:31,517
SHATNER:
The police determined that the body
309
00:15:31,620 --> 00:15:35,655
in Bill Rothstein's freezer
was a man named James Roden,
310
00:15:35,758 --> 00:15:39,517
the boyfriend
of Marjorie Diehl-Armstrong,
311
00:15:39,620 --> 00:15:43,655
a woman who was all too familiar
to the local authorities.
312
00:15:43,724 --> 00:15:45,724
LEVINE:
Marjorie Diehl-Armstrong
313
00:15:45,793 --> 00:15:48,172
was almost like
a black widow of sorts
314
00:15:48,275 --> 00:15:52,000
where she left
a series of mysterious deaths,
315
00:15:52,103 --> 00:15:55,275
her husband and several
boyfriends, in the local area.
316
00:15:56,896 --> 00:15:59,827
Roden was a former lover,
317
00:15:59,931 --> 00:16:01,862
boyfriend of hers,
318
00:16:01,965 --> 00:16:05,379
and she ended up
killing the man with a shotgun.
319
00:16:05,448 --> 00:16:10,172
She asked Rothstein
to dispose of the body for her,
320
00:16:10,275 --> 00:16:14,620
and he ends up leaving it
in his freezer in his garage.
321
00:16:15,586 --> 00:16:18,758
CLARK:
After interviews with Marjorie Diehl-Armstrong
322
00:16:18,827 --> 00:16:21,137
and others, we determined
323
00:16:21,241 --> 00:16:25,517
that Marjorie Diehl-Armstrong's
father had a lot of money.
324
00:16:25,620 --> 00:16:28,034
And she was the only child,
325
00:16:28,103 --> 00:16:29,896
and she wanted the money,
326
00:16:30,000 --> 00:16:31,413
and she wanted it now.
327
00:16:31,517 --> 00:16:35,000
So, the whole idea to rob
the bank for the money
328
00:16:35,068 --> 00:16:37,620
really came
from Marjorie Diehl-Armstrong.
329
00:16:37,689 --> 00:16:40,137
Rob the bank to get the money
330
00:16:40,206 --> 00:16:43,344
to pay someone to kill her
father to get her inheritance.
331
00:16:45,344 --> 00:16:47,482
SHATNER:
On November 1, 2010,
332
00:16:47,586 --> 00:16:49,655
Marjorie Diehl-Armstrong
333
00:16:49,724 --> 00:16:52,896
was convicted
of armed bank robbery,
334
00:16:52,965 --> 00:16:56,379
conspiracy to commit
armed bank robbery,
335
00:16:56,482 --> 00:16:59,896
and of using a destructive
device in a crime.
336
00:17:00,000 --> 00:17:03,586
In the eyes of many,
these convictions confirmed
337
00:17:03,689 --> 00:17:06,862
that Marjorie was the mastermind
338
00:17:06,965 --> 00:17:08,896
of the collar bomb robbery,
339
00:17:09,000 --> 00:17:11,482
and responsible
for the deaths of both
340
00:17:11,586 --> 00:17:14,068
Brian Wells and James Roden.
341
00:17:14,172 --> 00:17:16,896
But was she acting alone?
342
00:17:16,965 --> 00:17:19,034
Not everyone agrees.
343
00:17:20,000 --> 00:17:22,206
CLARK:
As soon as I met Bill Rothstein,
344
00:17:22,310 --> 00:17:24,827
the night he turned
in the body of James Roden,
345
00:17:24,931 --> 00:17:26,172
after I interviewed him,
346
00:17:26,241 --> 00:17:28,000
I felt he was involved
in the Wells case.
347
00:17:28,068 --> 00:17:30,793
It was at the Pennsylvania
state police barracks,
348
00:17:30,896 --> 00:17:32,965
and Bill Rothstein
was in one of the rooms.
349
00:17:33,068 --> 00:17:34,931
And I walked in the room
350
00:17:35,034 --> 00:17:37,206
and I said, "Hey, Bill.
Jerry Clark from the FBI.
351
00:17:37,275 --> 00:17:39,310
I'd like to talk
to you a second."
352
00:17:39,379 --> 00:17:41,965
And he said, "I'll talk to you,
but I need to tell you
353
00:17:42,034 --> 00:17:43,586
that I'm the smartest guy
in this room."
354
00:17:52,896 --> 00:17:57,344
He was so,
so unbelievably into himself
355
00:17:57,448 --> 00:18:00,482
and thought he was way smarter
than anybody else.
356
00:18:00,586 --> 00:18:02,862
From my perspective,
357
00:18:02,931 --> 00:18:05,827
the mastermind is
Bill Rothstein,
358
00:18:05,931 --> 00:18:09,517
because he masterminded
how to do this
359
00:18:09,586 --> 00:18:13,172
and the notes, and the bomb,
and making the bomb,
360
00:18:13,241 --> 00:18:16,310
and the intricacies
that went into it.
361
00:18:16,413 --> 00:18:18,379
Unfortunately for the case,
362
00:18:18,482 --> 00:18:21,689
Bill Rothstein died
in July of 2004.
363
00:18:21,793 --> 00:18:24,827
I think Rothstein--
he knew he was dying of cancer,
364
00:18:24,931 --> 00:18:28,206
and I think he wanted
to go out saying,
365
00:18:28,310 --> 00:18:30,413
"I'm the smartest guy around,
366
00:18:30,482 --> 00:18:33,344
and I pulled one over
on law enforcement."
367
00:18:33,448 --> 00:18:36,482
SHATNER:
Was the collar bomb robbery Bill Rothstein's attempt
368
00:18:36,551 --> 00:18:39,482
to pull off a crime that
would outsmart the police
369
00:18:39,551 --> 00:18:41,241
before he died?
370
00:18:41,344 --> 00:18:43,896
Unfortunately,
Marjorie Diehl-Armstrong
371
00:18:44,000 --> 00:18:46,137
also died in 2017,
372
00:18:46,206 --> 00:18:48,517
so it's hard to say for sure.
373
00:18:49,448 --> 00:18:52,137
But there are
other robberies that,
374
00:18:52,206 --> 00:18:55,482
while the motivation
behind them may be more clear,
375
00:18:55,551 --> 00:18:57,344
are no less baffling.
376
00:18:57,413 --> 00:19:00,689
Like in the story of
the largest property theft
377
00:19:00,793 --> 00:19:02,344
in American history,
378
00:19:02,448 --> 00:19:06,275
a museum heist in which
priceless pieces of art
379
00:19:06,379 --> 00:19:08,793
were taken and, to this day,
380
00:19:08,896 --> 00:19:11,034
are still missing.
381
00:19:20,275 --> 00:19:23,896
SHATNER:
Police officers responding to a call
382
00:19:23,965 --> 00:19:26,275
arrive at
the Isabella Gardner Museum
383
00:19:26,379 --> 00:19:28,379
and are shocked to discover
384
00:19:28,482 --> 00:19:32,551
that several works of art
have vanished into thin air.
385
00:19:32,655 --> 00:19:36,068
WITTMAN:
Many of the pieces that they stole were paintings.
386
00:19:36,137 --> 00:19:38,482
Some were drawings
and some of the pieces
387
00:19:38,551 --> 00:19:39,586
they took were priceless.
388
00:19:39,689 --> 00:19:42,448
One of the pieces they stole
was a Rembrandt seascape
389
00:19:42,551 --> 00:19:44,655
called The Storm Over
the Sea of Galilee.
390
00:19:45,655 --> 00:19:48,517
It's the only seascape
that Rembrandt ever painted.
391
00:19:50,793 --> 00:19:53,379
Another piece was a Vermeer.
392
00:19:53,482 --> 00:19:55,379
Uh, it's called The Concert.
393
00:19:56,344 --> 00:19:59,827
Both of these pieces
are considered almost priceless.
394
00:19:59,931 --> 00:20:03,344
All told, 13 objects
of art were stolen.
395
00:20:03,413 --> 00:20:07,172
The total value, as of today,
is over five hundred million,
396
00:20:07,275 --> 00:20:09,620
making that the single
largest property crime
397
00:20:09,689 --> 00:20:10,896
in U.S. history.
398
00:20:11,000 --> 00:20:14,310
SHATNER:
Police found the two security guards on duty
399
00:20:14,413 --> 00:20:18,103
handcuffed and tied up
in the basement of the museum.
400
00:20:18,206 --> 00:20:20,724
After questioning the guards,
401
00:20:20,827 --> 00:20:23,620
they learned how the heist
had been carried out.
402
00:20:25,241 --> 00:20:28,172
SHERMAN:
Two thieves dressed as police officers
403
00:20:28,241 --> 00:20:31,137
entered the Museum at 1:24 a.m.
404
00:20:31,241 --> 00:20:33,413
They approached
one of the security guards
405
00:20:33,482 --> 00:20:35,758
and told him that
he fit the description
406
00:20:35,827 --> 00:20:37,137
of a suspect in another crime.
407
00:20:37,206 --> 00:20:39,862
They asked the guard
408
00:20:39,931 --> 00:20:42,000
to lift himself up
from the security desk
409
00:20:42,103 --> 00:20:44,241
so that they could get
a better look at him.
410
00:20:44,310 --> 00:20:46,620
And when he did,
they grabbed him,
411
00:20:46,724 --> 00:20:49,551
they shackled him, and they
tied him up in the basement.
412
00:20:50,655 --> 00:20:53,172
SHATNER:
Once the guards were subdued, the two thieves
413
00:20:53,275 --> 00:20:55,724
spent the next 81 minutes
methodically stealing
414
00:20:55,793 --> 00:20:57,482
the 13 masterpieces
415
00:20:57,551 --> 00:21:00,551
and then disappeared
into the night.
416
00:21:01,586 --> 00:21:05,413
The FBI immediately launched
a full investigation,
417
00:21:05,482 --> 00:21:07,931
and there were several persons
of interest they looked into.
418
00:21:08,034 --> 00:21:09,758
One of those persons
was none other
419
00:21:09,862 --> 00:21:11,517
than James "Whitey" Bulger,
420
00:21:11,620 --> 00:21:14,724
the leader of the notorious
Winter Hill Gang.
421
00:21:15,896 --> 00:21:18,241
SHERMAN:
James "Whitey" Bulger was the godfather
422
00:21:18,344 --> 00:21:21,000
of Boston crime in 1990
423
00:21:21,068 --> 00:21:23,310
when that heist occurred.
424
00:21:23,379 --> 00:21:26,931
So, immediately,
the FBI and the Boston police
425
00:21:27,034 --> 00:21:29,379
pulled Bulger in
and all of his associates
426
00:21:29,448 --> 00:21:32,103
and asked them,
"Where are the paintings?"
427
00:21:33,103 --> 00:21:36,931
WITTMAN:
Whitey Bulger was intensely questioned at that time
428
00:21:37,000 --> 00:21:39,034
about knowledge
about the Gardner heist
429
00:21:39,137 --> 00:21:41,482
and claims he had no knowledge.
430
00:21:41,586 --> 00:21:43,310
So, there's no reason
to think he was involved
431
00:21:43,379 --> 00:21:44,862
because there was
no evidence of that.
432
00:21:44,931 --> 00:21:47,241
SHATNER:
As the years went on
433
00:21:47,310 --> 00:21:51,068
and the FBI was unable
to charge anyone with the crime,
434
00:21:51,137 --> 00:21:54,103
museum officials offered
a $10 million reward
435
00:21:54,206 --> 00:21:56,724
for information
leading directly to the return
436
00:21:56,793 --> 00:21:59,068
of all 13 works of art.
437
00:21:59,137 --> 00:22:02,172
No one came forward,
438
00:22:02,275 --> 00:22:06,103
and the case continued
to stump investigators,
439
00:22:06,206 --> 00:22:08,551
but FBI Agent Robert Wittman
440
00:22:08,655 --> 00:22:11,517
was determined
to solve the mystery.
441
00:22:11,586 --> 00:22:14,344
My active investigation
into the Gardner heist
442
00:22:14,448 --> 00:22:16,827
started around 2005.
443
00:22:17,827 --> 00:22:22,103
In 2005, I was contacted
by a Parisian police officer
444
00:22:22,206 --> 00:22:24,103
who told me that a Frenchman
445
00:22:24,172 --> 00:22:27,620
uh, was interested in selling
the Vermeer and the Rembrandt.
446
00:22:28,620 --> 00:22:31,275
The thieves were actually
connected to two brothers
447
00:22:31,344 --> 00:22:34,310
from Corsica
who were actually in prison.
448
00:22:34,413 --> 00:22:36,655
They were waiting
for the right time to sell
449
00:22:36,724 --> 00:22:38,724
these paintings
for the right amount of money
450
00:22:38,827 --> 00:22:40,793
that they could set up
their families for life
451
00:22:40,862 --> 00:22:43,103
because they were never
going to get out of jail.
452
00:22:43,206 --> 00:22:44,931
They wanted, uh, $30 million
453
00:22:45,000 --> 00:22:47,137
for the paintings to come back,
454
00:22:47,241 --> 00:22:50,241
uh, and I was willing
to pay it as far as being
455
00:22:50,344 --> 00:22:53,000
a shady undercover,
uh, you know,
456
00:22:53,103 --> 00:22:54,827
criminal dealer
in the United States.
457
00:22:55,862 --> 00:22:59,758
SHATNER:
15 years after the Isabella Gardner heist,
458
00:22:59,827 --> 00:23:03,310
FBI agent Robert Wittman
believed that he was on the cusp
459
00:23:03,379 --> 00:23:05,689
of recovering
the stolen works of art
460
00:23:05,793 --> 00:23:09,517
and, hopefully, finding out
who originally took them.
461
00:23:09,620 --> 00:23:12,275
But before the Corsican
brothers would sell him
462
00:23:12,379 --> 00:23:14,620
the Gardner Museum pieces,
463
00:23:14,724 --> 00:23:18,931
they wanted to unload
other artwork first.
464
00:23:19,034 --> 00:23:22,068
They decided to offer me,
uh, four more paintings
465
00:23:22,137 --> 00:23:25,965
that were stolen from the Museum
of Fine Arts in Nice, France.
466
00:23:26,034 --> 00:23:27,655
We took them up on their offer
467
00:23:27,724 --> 00:23:29,758
and were able
to recover those in Marseilles.
468
00:23:29,862 --> 00:23:32,517
The problem was, though,
in that recovery,
469
00:23:32,620 --> 00:23:35,586
one of the French policemen
told the individuals
470
00:23:35,689 --> 00:23:38,620
that, uh, I was an FBI agent.
471
00:23:38,689 --> 00:23:41,586
And, at that point,
we kind of lost the possibility
472
00:23:41,689 --> 00:23:44,310
of working with them to get the
Rembrandt and the Vermeer back.
473
00:23:44,379 --> 00:23:45,931
That was done.
474
00:23:46,034 --> 00:23:47,551
It's very difficult
to infiltrate
475
00:23:47,655 --> 00:23:49,068
Corsican society.
476
00:23:49,172 --> 00:23:50,551
Uh, French police
have had a hard time
477
00:23:50,620 --> 00:23:52,241
with that for many, many years.
478
00:23:52,310 --> 00:23:55,482
So, we can't go any further
with it at this point.
479
00:23:56,862 --> 00:24:00,517
SHATNER:
FBI agents believe they came tantalizingly close
480
00:24:00,586 --> 00:24:02,931
to retrieving
two of the stolen paintings
481
00:24:03,034 --> 00:24:05,793
from the Corsican brothers
only to have them
482
00:24:05,862 --> 00:24:08,034
slip through their fingers
at the last moment.
483
00:24:09,206 --> 00:24:12,793
But then, on March 18, 2013,
484
00:24:12,896 --> 00:24:16,103
on the 23rd anniversary
of the heist,
485
00:24:16,206 --> 00:24:19,586
the FBI made
a surprise announcement.
486
00:24:19,689 --> 00:24:22,482
FBI agents developed
crucial pieces of evidence
487
00:24:22,586 --> 00:24:25,379
that confirm the identity
of those who entered the museum
488
00:24:25,482 --> 00:24:27,275
and others
associated with the theft
489
00:24:27,344 --> 00:24:29,000
who belonged
to a criminal organization.
490
00:24:30,103 --> 00:24:33,896
SHATNER:
Although they claimed to know the identity of the two thieves,
491
00:24:33,965 --> 00:24:36,241
the FBI refused to name them,
492
00:24:36,344 --> 00:24:39,517
and in 2015,
they further announced
493
00:24:39,620 --> 00:24:43,448
that both of them are dead.
494
00:24:43,517 --> 00:24:45,413
I think the FBI knows exactly
495
00:24:45,517 --> 00:24:48,310
who committed
the crimes in 1990,
496
00:24:48,379 --> 00:24:52,275
but they have no idea
where the art resides today.
497
00:24:53,241 --> 00:24:56,793
So I think the FBI wanted
to provide a carrot
498
00:24:56,896 --> 00:24:58,206
to the public to say,
499
00:24:58,275 --> 00:25:00,275
"Hey, we're still working
on this case."
500
00:25:00,344 --> 00:25:04,344
They need the public's help
to solve this crime.
501
00:25:04,448 --> 00:25:06,448
WITTMAN:
I've heard some people have said
502
00:25:06,517 --> 00:25:08,586
that all 13 pieces
are sitting in somebody's attic
503
00:25:08,655 --> 00:25:10,000
two blocks from the museum.
504
00:25:10,103 --> 00:25:11,275
I don't believe that.
505
00:25:11,379 --> 00:25:12,551
I've never seen that happen.
506
00:25:12,620 --> 00:25:14,448
After doing investigations
507
00:25:14,517 --> 00:25:16,620
in art crime for 30 years,
508
00:25:16,724 --> 00:25:18,793
what I've found
is that when you have
509
00:25:18,896 --> 00:25:21,655
13 pieces out there, the
paintings have been divided up.
510
00:25:21,758 --> 00:25:22,862
They're in different places.
511
00:25:23,689 --> 00:25:26,379
SHERMAN:
Now it's been 30 years,
512
00:25:26,448 --> 00:25:29,137
and there has been
no sign of the artwork.
513
00:25:29,206 --> 00:25:31,482
And that's the enduring mystery
514
00:25:31,586 --> 00:25:33,655
of the Isabella
Gardner Museum heist.
515
00:25:33,758 --> 00:25:37,344
Thirteen paintings
that vanished in thin air.
516
00:25:37,413 --> 00:25:41,862
And those empty frames
sit there like gravestones
517
00:25:41,965 --> 00:25:44,000
today in the museum.
518
00:25:48,310 --> 00:25:50,620
If the FBI knows
519
00:25:50,724 --> 00:25:53,172
who did
the Isabella Gardner heist,
520
00:25:53,275 --> 00:25:55,655
then why won't they name names?
521
00:25:55,758 --> 00:25:59,655
Could it be because
the perpetrators are dead?
522
00:26:00,655 --> 00:26:03,586
Or is there another,
even more incredible reason?
523
00:26:04,551 --> 00:26:07,689
One that won't be revealed
until the paintings
524
00:26:07,758 --> 00:26:11,000
are all recovered
safe and sound?
525
00:26:16,482 --> 00:26:20,793
SHATNER:
Not all outrageous robberies involve stealing
526
00:26:20,896 --> 00:26:22,482
large amounts of cash
527
00:26:22,551 --> 00:26:25,103
or valuable works of art.
528
00:26:25,206 --> 00:26:28,827
In recent years, there have
been an increasing number
529
00:26:28,931 --> 00:26:31,620
of so-called "cybercrimes,"
530
00:26:31,689 --> 00:26:35,034
in which criminals illegally
exploit computer systems
531
00:26:35,137 --> 00:26:39,310
to do everything from stealing
a single person's identity
532
00:26:39,413 --> 00:26:42,965
to manipulating
the global financial system.
533
00:26:43,862 --> 00:26:47,310
JEFF LANZA:
Cybercrime is a huge issue today.
534
00:26:47,379 --> 00:26:49,344
Companies are getting
their computers hacked into
535
00:26:49,413 --> 00:26:50,758
on a daily basis.
536
00:26:50,827 --> 00:26:52,551
Fraud is a regular part
of their lives.
537
00:26:53,517 --> 00:26:55,758
And every CEO
of a company knows that.
538
00:26:55,862 --> 00:26:59,310
And my biggest worry is not just
these individual cyberattacks
539
00:26:59,413 --> 00:27:01,827
but also cyber threats
on our infrastructure,
540
00:27:01,931 --> 00:27:05,172
the flow of money
on a nationwide basis.
541
00:27:05,241 --> 00:27:07,379
And what we've seen,
uh, over the years
542
00:27:07,448 --> 00:27:10,068
is an increasing, uh, capability
543
00:27:10,137 --> 00:27:11,896
of the cyber criminals
544
00:27:11,965 --> 00:27:14,689
to stay one step ahead
of law enforcement.
545
00:27:22,379 --> 00:27:25,137
SHATNER:
32-year-old Sindri Thor Stefansson
546
00:27:25,241 --> 00:27:27,034
and a group of thieves
547
00:27:27,103 --> 00:27:28,862
break into
the Advania Data Center,
548
00:27:28,931 --> 00:27:31,655
which is home to one
of the largest concentrations
549
00:27:31,724 --> 00:27:33,965
of computer power in the world,
550
00:27:34,034 --> 00:27:38,724
and steal 550 computers.
551
00:27:38,793 --> 00:27:42,896
The value of these devices
is about $2 million,
552
00:27:42,965 --> 00:27:47,172
but the bigger score
is not the computers themselves,
553
00:27:47,275 --> 00:27:50,827
but the information
stored inside them.
554
00:27:52,448 --> 00:27:56,103
What these devices could do
is mine Bitcoin.
555
00:27:57,689 --> 00:27:59,758
And mining Bitcoin can produce
556
00:27:59,862 --> 00:28:02,862
millions and millions
and millions of dollars.
557
00:28:02,931 --> 00:28:06,275
These computers
are basically like gold.
558
00:28:06,344 --> 00:28:08,034
But they're not mining gold.
559
00:28:08,103 --> 00:28:10,862
They're mining digits
and mathematical formulas,
560
00:28:10,931 --> 00:28:15,482
which, in the 21st century,
is something of value.
561
00:28:16,448 --> 00:28:18,586
SHATNER:
Released in 2009,
562
00:28:18,689 --> 00:28:21,310
Bitcoin was the first
of a new kind of money
563
00:28:21,379 --> 00:28:23,172
known as cryptocurrency,
564
00:28:23,241 --> 00:28:24,827
a form of digital cash
565
00:28:24,931 --> 00:28:27,931
that eliminates the need
for traditional banks.
566
00:28:28,758 --> 00:28:31,379
Unlike normal forms of currency
567
00:28:31,482 --> 00:28:34,206
like the dollar or the euro,
568
00:28:34,310 --> 00:28:36,344
the value of a Bitcoin
569
00:28:36,413 --> 00:28:39,034
is not tied to any nation
or government.
570
00:28:40,206 --> 00:28:43,034
For Sindri Thor Stefansson,
571
00:28:43,103 --> 00:28:47,206
the benefit of stealing
550 Bitcoin computers
572
00:28:47,310 --> 00:28:49,448
was in the future Bitcoins
573
00:28:49,551 --> 00:28:51,586
they could create.
574
00:28:51,655 --> 00:28:54,344
What you get for the risk
575
00:28:54,413 --> 00:28:58,931
is essentially
a money-printing machine.
576
00:28:59,000 --> 00:29:02,172
And the difference is
it's not printing cash,
577
00:29:02,275 --> 00:29:06,103
it's printing billions
of dollars' worth of Bitcoins
578
00:29:06,172 --> 00:29:09,000
at a very rapid rate.
579
00:29:09,103 --> 00:29:11,448
And all that information
580
00:29:11,551 --> 00:29:15,310
is encrypted and untraceable.
581
00:29:16,275 --> 00:29:20,241
It's the perfect crime
if you can pull it off.
582
00:29:21,206 --> 00:29:23,827
SHATNER:
Less than a month after the Bitcoin heist,
583
00:29:23,896 --> 00:29:25,689
Stefansson
was arrested and charged
584
00:29:25,793 --> 00:29:27,586
with stealing the computers.
585
00:29:29,586 --> 00:29:31,275
After confessing,
he was sentenced
586
00:29:31,379 --> 00:29:33,827
to four and a half years
in prison.
587
00:29:34,793 --> 00:29:37,103
But the case wasn't resolved
588
00:29:37,172 --> 00:29:41,103
because the stolen computers
were never recovered,
589
00:29:41,172 --> 00:29:44,551
and Stefansson claims
to not even know where they are.
590
00:29:46,172 --> 00:29:49,413
There was a greater conspiracy
591
00:29:49,517 --> 00:29:52,103
behind this Bitcoin heist,
592
00:29:52,206 --> 00:29:55,206
and he blames it on a guy
593
00:29:55,310 --> 00:29:57,827
whose identity
he's never revealed.
594
00:29:59,965 --> 00:30:03,068
HOCHMAN:
Mr. Stefansson has said that the idea of doing it
595
00:30:03,137 --> 00:30:04,965
did not come from him.
596
00:30:05,034 --> 00:30:06,931
But there's this Mr. X
597
00:30:07,034 --> 00:30:11,000
that he mysteriously ascribes
the mastermind role to.
598
00:30:14,413 --> 00:30:18,482
There are a lot of wild theories
about who Mr. X could be.
599
00:30:18,586 --> 00:30:21,413
One of them is
it could be Satoshi Nakamoto.
600
00:30:21,482 --> 00:30:23,310
SHATNER:
By all accounts,
601
00:30:23,413 --> 00:30:26,482
"Satoshi Nakamoto" is an alias,
a pseudonym,
602
00:30:26,586 --> 00:30:29,172
for the shadowy creator
of Bitcoin,
603
00:30:29,275 --> 00:30:32,103
whose real identity is unknown.
604
00:30:33,103 --> 00:30:35,551
HOCHMAN:
We don't even know if Satoshi Nakamoto
605
00:30:35,620 --> 00:30:38,655
is a he or a she or a they
606
00:30:38,758 --> 00:30:41,827
because Satoshi Nakamoto
has never come forward.
607
00:30:43,620 --> 00:30:47,172
WITTMAN:
In 2009, when this started,
608
00:30:47,275 --> 00:30:49,413
Nakamoto was very enthusiastic
609
00:30:49,517 --> 00:30:52,482
about spreading his ideas,
610
00:30:52,551 --> 00:30:54,310
spreading out this code.
611
00:30:55,241 --> 00:30:58,655
This allowed him
to establish a new currency
612
00:30:58,724 --> 00:31:02,310
called Bitcoin, which was
not government controlled.
613
00:31:03,379 --> 00:31:06,137
Around 2011, he just went dark.
614
00:31:06,206 --> 00:31:08,413
And no one knows who he is.
615
00:31:08,517 --> 00:31:10,862
SHATNER:
There are those who believe
616
00:31:10,931 --> 00:31:15,137
that Satoshi Nakamoto and Mr. X
are one and the same.
617
00:31:15,241 --> 00:31:18,724
And that this unidentified
person, or group of people,
618
00:31:18,827 --> 00:31:21,931
has been hoarding
and manipulating
619
00:31:22,034 --> 00:31:25,068
the value of Bitcoin
from its inception
620
00:31:25,172 --> 00:31:28,931
to the heist in Iceland
right up to today.
621
00:31:29,000 --> 00:31:32,689
HOCHMAN:
Every single state and every single country
622
00:31:32,758 --> 00:31:36,689
is doing its best to rein in
the Wild West of cryptocurrency.
623
00:31:36,758 --> 00:31:39,482
So the IRS,
in the last couple of years,
624
00:31:39,551 --> 00:31:41,862
is very much stepping up
its enforcement
625
00:31:41,931 --> 00:31:44,586
to go after people
who are not reporting
626
00:31:44,655 --> 00:31:46,827
their
cryptocurrency transactions.
627
00:31:47,620 --> 00:31:49,724
Because they, by themselves,
628
00:31:49,827 --> 00:31:53,034
could crash the market
or they could grow the market.
629
00:31:55,344 --> 00:31:59,241
LANZA:
Cyber fraud-- it's one of the top three priorities of the FBI.
630
00:31:59,344 --> 00:32:01,344
And in order to really
get ahead of this problem,
631
00:32:01,413 --> 00:32:04,517
we need to be thinking
more in an innovative way, uh,
632
00:32:04,620 --> 00:32:06,931
just as the criminals
do in the cyber world.
633
00:32:07,000 --> 00:32:08,827
EBNER:
Somewhere on this planet,
634
00:32:08,931 --> 00:32:11,724
those computers are humming
635
00:32:11,793 --> 00:32:15,137
and they are creating
Bitcoin revenue
636
00:32:15,206 --> 00:32:18,068
for somebody somewhere.
637
00:32:18,827 --> 00:32:22,206
Is it just some amorphous Mr. X?
638
00:32:22,310 --> 00:32:24,206
We don't know.
639
00:32:25,344 --> 00:32:30,137
But those 550 computers--
640
00:32:30,241 --> 00:32:32,586
I can guarantee you
641
00:32:32,655 --> 00:32:35,862
they didn't wind up
in a waste dump somewhere.
642
00:32:39,827 --> 00:32:42,000
Whoever this mysterious
"Mr. X" may be,
643
00:32:42,103 --> 00:32:45,448
it appears that, for him,
crime does pay,
644
00:32:45,517 --> 00:32:47,896
at least in Bitcoin.
645
00:32:47,965 --> 00:32:50,551
But is money, in all its forms,
646
00:32:50,620 --> 00:32:53,206
the ultimate drug
for the criminal mind?
647
00:32:54,379 --> 00:32:56,172
Or are there some things
648
00:32:56,275 --> 00:32:59,000
that are even more enticing?
649
00:32:59,068 --> 00:33:01,862
Perhaps the answer
can be found by examining
650
00:33:01,931 --> 00:33:04,896
the case of the man
who stole the brain
651
00:33:05,000 --> 00:33:08,241
of the world's smartest man,
652
00:33:08,310 --> 00:33:10,000
Albert Einstein.
653
00:33:19,551 --> 00:33:21,931
SHATNER:
Albert Einstein, the celebrated physicist
654
00:33:22,034 --> 00:33:25,310
considered to be
the father of modern physics,
655
00:33:25,413 --> 00:33:27,241
dies at the age of 76.
656
00:33:29,448 --> 00:33:31,758
While Einstein's wish
is to be cremated,
657
00:33:31,827 --> 00:33:35,862
Princeton hospital
chief pathologist Thomas Harvey
658
00:33:35,931 --> 00:33:38,896
must first determine
the cause of death.
659
00:33:39,000 --> 00:33:41,103
But with
the body of Albert Einstein
660
00:33:41,172 --> 00:33:42,827
on the autopsy table,
661
00:33:42,931 --> 00:33:47,310
Harvey's interest
is drawn to something else.
662
00:33:47,413 --> 00:33:49,310
He wanted to find out
663
00:33:49,379 --> 00:33:52,655
what made Albert Einstein tick.
664
00:33:54,310 --> 00:33:56,689
And he sees,
"Wow, there's the source
665
00:33:56,793 --> 00:33:59,000
of it all. The brain."
666
00:33:59,068 --> 00:34:02,310
LEPORE:
There was something about the brain that fascinated him.
667
00:34:02,413 --> 00:34:04,310
And with
no small amount of effort,
668
00:34:04,413 --> 00:34:06,551
he cut the skull,
removed the brain,
669
00:34:06,655 --> 00:34:08,482
perfused it with formaldehyde,
670
00:34:08,551 --> 00:34:11,103
and the next morning
The New York Timessays
671
00:34:11,172 --> 00:34:14,586
that Thomas Harvey has preserved
the brain for scientific study.
672
00:34:15,448 --> 00:34:17,448
SHATNER:
Thomas Harvey believed
673
00:34:17,551 --> 00:34:20,206
that somewhere
within Einstein's brain
674
00:34:20,275 --> 00:34:23,000
was the secret to his genius.
675
00:34:23,896 --> 00:34:27,000
So he persuaded Einstein's son,
Hans Albert,
676
00:34:27,103 --> 00:34:30,965
to let him do a study
of his father's brain.
677
00:34:31,931 --> 00:34:34,068
LEPORE:
Hans Albert and Einstein's executor
678
00:34:34,137 --> 00:34:36,137
came down
to speak to Harvey about it.
679
00:34:36,206 --> 00:34:40,965
And Harvey impressed
upon them just the uniqueness
680
00:34:41,034 --> 00:34:44,000
and criticality
of looking at Einstein's brain
681
00:34:44,068 --> 00:34:46,793
as a way
of approaching how people
682
00:34:46,896 --> 00:34:48,931
of intellect and genius think.
683
00:34:51,034 --> 00:34:55,034
SHATNER:
Harvey took more than a dozen photos of Einstein's brain,
684
00:34:55,103 --> 00:34:58,310
dissected it,
and shaved off thin slices
685
00:34:58,379 --> 00:35:00,034
for microscopic study.
686
00:35:01,000 --> 00:35:03,758
But years passed,
and Harvey never published
687
00:35:03,827 --> 00:35:06,655
any papers
or scientific observations.
688
00:35:06,724 --> 00:35:08,793
He also never returned
the brain,
689
00:35:08,862 --> 00:35:10,551
but, rather, stole it
690
00:35:10,620 --> 00:35:12,827
and kept it for himself
691
00:35:12,896 --> 00:35:15,862
with no intention
of ever giving it back.
692
00:35:16,724 --> 00:35:18,689
Once Thomas Harvey
had the brain,
693
00:35:18,793 --> 00:35:22,517
he didn't
let it out of his sight.
694
00:35:22,620 --> 00:35:25,827
He left his position
as chief of pathology
695
00:35:25,931 --> 00:35:27,482
at Princeton Hospital,
696
00:35:27,551 --> 00:35:30,517
and he headed out
to the Midwest,
697
00:35:30,620 --> 00:35:32,137
and he went
into general practice.
698
00:35:32,241 --> 00:35:34,344
But the brain
was always with him
699
00:35:34,448 --> 00:35:38,172
stored in two large glass jars
700
00:35:38,241 --> 00:35:40,379
and in cardboard boxes.
701
00:35:41,241 --> 00:35:43,758
EBNER:
There's been a historical trend
702
00:35:43,827 --> 00:35:47,689
of examining the brains
or the gray matter
703
00:35:47,758 --> 00:35:51,448
of geniuses to try and find out
704
00:35:51,551 --> 00:35:53,896
what makes them tick.
705
00:35:54,931 --> 00:35:58,344
For instance,
the Brain Institute in Moscow
706
00:35:58,448 --> 00:36:02,413
has kept the brains
of dictator Vladimir Lenin
707
00:36:02,517 --> 00:36:06,241
and around 200
Russian scientists
708
00:36:06,344 --> 00:36:09,482
on a dusty shelf for years
hoping that
709
00:36:09,586 --> 00:36:11,724
they may, too, one day
710
00:36:11,793 --> 00:36:15,310
unlock the secrets of genius.
711
00:36:15,379 --> 00:36:18,965
But there's a fine line
712
00:36:19,068 --> 00:36:22,034
between science
and grave robbing.
713
00:36:22,965 --> 00:36:26,586
Harvey got a little bit
greedy here, because
714
00:36:26,655 --> 00:36:30,310
not only did he swipe
Einstein's brain,
715
00:36:30,413 --> 00:36:34,793
it was basically a memento
for him to have on his shelf.
716
00:36:34,896 --> 00:36:38,172
You'd think that the next
of kin might have something
717
00:36:38,275 --> 00:36:40,034
to say about it.
718
00:36:40,103 --> 00:36:43,379
LEPORE:
Harvey segued from his job,
719
00:36:43,482 --> 00:36:45,655
which is to determine the cause
of death of a patient
720
00:36:45,724 --> 00:36:47,551
at Princeton Hospital,
and he did that
721
00:36:47,655 --> 00:36:49,931
when he completed the autopsy.
722
00:36:50,000 --> 00:36:51,896
And at that point,
all we know is that
723
00:36:52,000 --> 00:36:54,379
he didn't want to hand it over.
And that's why he said,
724
00:36:54,448 --> 00:36:56,620
"I keep Einstein's brain.
725
00:36:56,689 --> 00:36:58,724
I'm the pathologist,
and I'm studying it."
726
00:37:00,655 --> 00:37:04,103
SHATNER:
Two decades after the death of Albert Einstein,
727
00:37:04,172 --> 00:37:06,793
the rest of his body
had been cremated,
728
00:37:06,896 --> 00:37:08,724
his wife and children
had passed away,
729
00:37:08,793 --> 00:37:11,206
and the world
had all but forgotten
730
00:37:11,310 --> 00:37:14,172
about what happened
to the famed physicist's brain.
731
00:37:15,620 --> 00:37:18,310
But that all changed in 1978,
732
00:37:18,379 --> 00:37:20,931
when a young reporter
named Steven Levy
733
00:37:21,000 --> 00:37:23,620
tracked down the whereabouts
of Einstein's brain
734
00:37:23,689 --> 00:37:25,517
for a magazine article
735
00:37:25,586 --> 00:37:27,827
and discovered
that Thomas Harvey
736
00:37:27,931 --> 00:37:30,931
was still in possession
of Einstein's brain.
737
00:37:31,724 --> 00:37:33,689
EBNER:
Levy wrote about this,
738
00:37:33,793 --> 00:37:36,103
and all of a sudden,
739
00:37:36,206 --> 00:37:39,379
it brought renewed interest
740
00:37:39,482 --> 00:37:43,103
to what in the hell was going on
with Albert Einstein's brain.
741
00:37:43,172 --> 00:37:46,068
So the medical community
was scratching their heads.
742
00:37:46,137 --> 00:37:48,827
They were like,
"Okay, he's got the brain,
743
00:37:48,931 --> 00:37:51,551
"in pieces as it were.
744
00:37:51,655 --> 00:37:53,310
Let's have a closer look."
745
00:37:53,379 --> 00:37:55,103
SHATNER:
As it turns out,
746
00:37:55,206 --> 00:37:57,793
when Harvey gave back the
dissected pieces of the brain,
747
00:37:57,862 --> 00:38:00,413
scientists made
a remarkable discovery.
748
00:38:01,379 --> 00:38:05,758
A discovery that could
finally reveal the secret
749
00:38:05,827 --> 00:38:08,620
behind Einstein's genius.
750
00:38:17,655 --> 00:38:21,241
SHATNER:
Neurologist Frederick Lepore is given the rare opportunity
751
00:38:21,310 --> 00:38:25,896
to photograph the remains
of Einstein's brain.
752
00:38:27,310 --> 00:38:29,793
The pathologist
brought out two jars
753
00:38:29,896 --> 00:38:33,413
containing little
gauze-wrapped cubes
754
00:38:33,517 --> 00:38:37,241
which were the remaining
sections of Einstein's brain.
755
00:38:37,344 --> 00:38:40,827
That's a very interesting
and provocative moment.
756
00:38:41,758 --> 00:38:43,620
How did that inanimate
brain tissue
757
00:38:43,724 --> 00:38:45,931
develop world-shaking theories?
758
00:38:46,000 --> 00:38:48,344
And the process begins
759
00:38:48,413 --> 00:38:50,068
by looking at the anatomy
760
00:38:50,137 --> 00:38:52,517
and trying to see
if it can give us
761
00:38:52,620 --> 00:38:54,896
some answers to the question of,
762
00:38:54,965 --> 00:38:57,896
"Why was Einstein
such a profound genius?"
763
00:38:59,965 --> 00:39:02,862
SHATNER:
What made Albert Einstein different?
764
00:39:02,931 --> 00:39:05,689
It's a question
that Thomas Harvey first asked
765
00:39:05,758 --> 00:39:09,206
in 1955
and one that led him to steal
766
00:39:09,275 --> 00:39:12,413
Einstein's brain in hopes
of getting an answer.
767
00:39:13,344 --> 00:39:15,793
I had the opportunity
to meet with Thomas Harvey
768
00:39:15,862 --> 00:39:19,310
in retirement
in the spring of 2000.
769
00:39:19,379 --> 00:39:22,620
He had never
really had given up that dream
770
00:39:22,689 --> 00:39:24,551
of trying to,
771
00:39:24,655 --> 00:39:26,551
from every possible avenue,
772
00:39:26,655 --> 00:39:28,448
look at this piece of tissue
773
00:39:28,551 --> 00:39:30,517
and try to come up with answers
774
00:39:30,620 --> 00:39:32,965
as to Einstein's genius.
775
00:39:33,862 --> 00:39:37,241
SHATNER:
In 2007, Thomas Harvey died
776
00:39:37,344 --> 00:39:39,137
of a cerebral hemorrhage.
777
00:39:39,241 --> 00:39:42,000
Ironically,
because Thomas Harvey
778
00:39:42,068 --> 00:39:45,827
stole Einstein's brain and
preserved it for so many years,
779
00:39:45,931 --> 00:39:48,137
scientists had the opportunity
780
00:39:48,241 --> 00:39:50,862
to examine it
with modern technology.
781
00:39:51,827 --> 00:39:54,896
And when they did,
they discovered that the brain
782
00:39:55,000 --> 00:39:59,103
of this visionary genius
was, in fact, different.
783
00:39:59,172 --> 00:40:02,551
JOHN MARTIN:
Neuroscientists found that Einstein's brain
784
00:40:02,655 --> 00:40:04,689
had enlarged parietal lobes.
785
00:40:04,793 --> 00:40:07,586
And, in addition, they found
786
00:40:07,689 --> 00:40:09,137
that part of the parietal lobe,
787
00:40:09,241 --> 00:40:11,827
instead of having
all these grooves,
788
00:40:11,896 --> 00:40:15,586
it was sort of an enlarged,
flattened area.
789
00:40:15,655 --> 00:40:18,551
Uh, and so it looked
quite remarkable.
790
00:40:19,586 --> 00:40:22,206
LEPORE:
The parietal lobe is an area of the brain
791
00:40:22,275 --> 00:40:25,000
that helps us with
visuospatial recognition,
792
00:40:25,068 --> 00:40:28,206
and neuropathologist's
conclusion
793
00:40:28,275 --> 00:40:30,965
was the exceptional brain
of Albert Einstein
794
00:40:31,068 --> 00:40:33,862
was due
to the parietal lobe being
795
00:40:33,931 --> 00:40:36,620
anatomically different
from the human norm.
796
00:40:36,689 --> 00:40:39,137
EBNER:
I think that Thomas Harvey
797
00:40:39,241 --> 00:40:42,137
might have been pleased
that by just
798
00:40:42,241 --> 00:40:44,655
hanging on to that brain
for so many years
799
00:40:44,724 --> 00:40:47,172
and having it looked at
by professionals,
800
00:40:47,241 --> 00:40:50,655
some sort of credibility
had rubbed off on him,
801
00:40:50,758 --> 00:40:52,655
so that he, in turn,
802
00:40:52,758 --> 00:40:54,931
could become more respected
803
00:40:55,034 --> 00:40:57,827
as a man of science.
804
00:40:58,655 --> 00:41:00,724
LEVINE:
People want to stand out.
805
00:41:00,827 --> 00:41:02,862
They want recognition.
806
00:41:02,931 --> 00:41:04,896
And the bigger the crime,
807
00:41:05,000 --> 00:41:08,034
your notoriety of committing
that crime lasts forever.
808
00:41:08,965 --> 00:41:11,068
HO: In understanding
the criminal mind,
809
00:41:11,137 --> 00:41:13,103
it's a certain type
of psychological profile
810
00:41:13,206 --> 00:41:14,896
that makes people feel like
they can sort of
811
00:41:15,000 --> 00:41:16,862
not follow society's rules.
812
00:41:16,965 --> 00:41:19,034
They kind of buck authority,
813
00:41:19,137 --> 00:41:21,482
but they have their own
authority, and their authority
814
00:41:21,586 --> 00:41:24,137
is their internal sense
of right and wrong.
815
00:41:27,344 --> 00:41:30,103
SHATNER:
It seems that no matter how hard we try,
816
00:41:30,172 --> 00:41:32,965
we just can't seem to figure
out the criminal mind.
817
00:41:33,896 --> 00:41:36,275
But, then again,
do we really want to?
818
00:41:36,344 --> 00:41:39,965
Because if we could truly
put ourselves in the shoes
819
00:41:40,034 --> 00:41:42,931
of someone who is always
820
00:41:43,000 --> 00:41:47,896
scheming, and plotting,
and thrill-seeking,
821
00:41:47,965 --> 00:41:51,379
then we might just be
tempted to take a chance
822
00:41:51,448 --> 00:41:55,034
and carry out
a daring heist of our own.
823
00:41:56,655 --> 00:41:58,137
So perhaps it's better for us
824
00:41:58,241 --> 00:42:01,758
that the mind of
a master criminal remains...
825
00:42:01,827 --> 00:42:04,000
unexplained.
826
00:42:04,103 --> 00:42:05,586
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