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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:05,241 --> 00:00:09,793 WILLIAM SHATNER: Atlantis, a legendary utopia, 2 00:00:09,896 --> 00:00:11,793 and a model for urban efficiency. 3 00:00:11,862 --> 00:00:14,758 The city of the future. 4 00:00:14,862 --> 00:00:18,310 And then one day it was gone. 5 00:00:20,482 --> 00:00:22,827 According to the ancient Greek philosopher Plato, 6 00:00:22,931 --> 00:00:26,758 it was the glittering capital of an advanced civilization, 7 00:00:26,827 --> 00:00:30,517 and then, suddenly, it vanished from the face of the earth. 8 00:00:30,620 --> 00:00:33,482 Some believe it was destroyed by an earthquake, 9 00:00:33,586 --> 00:00:37,137 others are convinced that it sunk into the sea. 10 00:00:37,206 --> 00:00:39,344 And then there are those who believe 11 00:00:39,448 --> 00:00:43,724 it rose up off the ground and went... 12 00:00:43,793 --> 00:00:46,517 But was it only a myth? 13 00:00:46,620 --> 00:00:49,689 Or did the so-called lost continent of Atlantis 14 00:00:49,758 --> 00:00:51,965 really exist? 15 00:00:52,034 --> 00:00:56,655 Well, that is what we'll try and find out. 16 00:00:56,758 --> 00:00:58,689 ♪ ♪ 17 00:01:15,068 --> 00:01:18,103 SHATNER: Within this modern city stands the ruins of a citadel 18 00:01:18,172 --> 00:01:21,103 that was once the center of ancient Greece. 19 00:01:23,655 --> 00:01:25,620 The ancient Greek civilization lasted 20 00:01:25,689 --> 00:01:27,275 for more than three centuries. 21 00:01:27,344 --> 00:01:30,724 The Greeks developed a sophisticated culture, 22 00:01:30,827 --> 00:01:35,034 which had a profound impact on Western politics, 23 00:01:35,137 --> 00:01:36,827 science and philosophy. 24 00:01:36,896 --> 00:01:40,724 One of the best known Greek philosophers was Plato, 25 00:01:40,827 --> 00:01:44,793 who wrote more than 20 important philosophical texts, 26 00:01:44,896 --> 00:01:47,241 known as "dialogues." 27 00:01:48,344 --> 00:01:51,103 RIC RADER: Plato was doing his major writing 28 00:01:51,172 --> 00:01:53,551 in the fourth century BCE. 29 00:01:53,655 --> 00:01:56,827 And Plato's works are very serious, 30 00:01:56,931 --> 00:01:58,827 very sober philosophical reflections 31 00:01:58,896 --> 00:02:01,103 on major, major questions. 32 00:02:01,206 --> 00:02:04,689 He is really the most important philosopher 33 00:02:04,758 --> 00:02:06,241 in the Western world. 34 00:02:06,344 --> 00:02:09,620 RICHARD FREUND: For most of Western civilization, 35 00:02:09,724 --> 00:02:15,034 Plato is the basis for our thinking and philosophy. 36 00:02:15,137 --> 00:02:18,413 But he's also partially historian. 37 00:02:19,379 --> 00:02:24,103 And his work is still used 38 00:02:24,172 --> 00:02:28,655 in order to identify the way life was in antiquity. 39 00:02:28,724 --> 00:02:31,517 SHATNER: Of all the influential writings of Plato, 40 00:02:31,620 --> 00:02:33,620 the one that is perhaps the most fascinating 41 00:02:33,724 --> 00:02:37,103 and the most mysterious is his account 42 00:02:37,206 --> 00:02:40,448 of a lost civilization that existed centuries before 43 00:02:40,551 --> 00:02:43,827 the rise of ancient Greece... 44 00:02:43,931 --> 00:02:46,931 Atlantis. 45 00:02:47,000 --> 00:02:50,620 Atlantis is a very important story in Western imagination. 46 00:02:50,724 --> 00:02:54,344 In the year 359 before the Common Era, 47 00:02:54,448 --> 00:02:57,344 Plato, the great philosopher, told a story 48 00:02:57,448 --> 00:03:01,103 about a continent, a large island, 49 00:03:01,172 --> 00:03:03,241 out in the Atlantic Ocean, 50 00:03:03,310 --> 00:03:06,655 and it became a very powerful nation. 51 00:03:06,724 --> 00:03:08,965 It was home to a fabulous civilization 52 00:03:09,034 --> 00:03:12,482 that began as the byword for justice and compassion. 53 00:03:12,551 --> 00:03:17,724 It had a huge navy that it used to travel 54 00:03:17,793 --> 00:03:21,586 from place to place around the Mediterranean. 55 00:03:21,689 --> 00:03:25,172 ANDREW COLLINS: Plato tells us in his dialogues 56 00:03:25,275 --> 00:03:29,275 that the information came from a famous statesman 57 00:03:29,379 --> 00:03:32,206 who visited Egypt by the name of Solon 58 00:03:32,275 --> 00:03:33,724 a few centuries before. 59 00:03:33,793 --> 00:03:37,241 SHATNER: Plato wrote that Solon traveled to northern Egypt 60 00:03:37,344 --> 00:03:39,344 and entered a sacred temple 61 00:03:39,413 --> 00:03:42,310 dedicated to the Egyptian goddess Neith. 62 00:03:42,379 --> 00:03:45,379 Within the temple was a column 63 00:03:45,448 --> 00:03:47,655 completely covered with hieroglyphics 64 00:03:47,724 --> 00:03:50,689 on which the history of Atlantis was recorded. 65 00:03:50,758 --> 00:03:54,655 Egyptian priests told Solon the story of 66 00:03:54,724 --> 00:03:56,689 this lost civilization, 67 00:03:56,758 --> 00:03:58,724 which predated the Egyptians themselves. 68 00:03:58,793 --> 00:04:02,793 The Egyptians would recount the story of Atlantis 69 00:04:02,862 --> 00:04:06,586 as a major, major part of where their civilization came from, 70 00:04:06,689 --> 00:04:09,551 where they got a lot of their knowledge. 71 00:04:09,620 --> 00:04:12,689 This was a very advanced and technological civilization. 72 00:04:12,793 --> 00:04:17,758 And Plato is reporting this as a very, very important story 73 00:04:17,827 --> 00:04:19,551 for the ancient Egyptians. 74 00:04:19,655 --> 00:04:24,379 Pretty much like the next day after Plato writes this, 75 00:04:24,448 --> 00:04:26,344 people start debating whether or not it was true. 76 00:04:26,448 --> 00:04:30,517 Did Plato mean this as a fictional story, 77 00:04:30,586 --> 00:04:35,379 or was Plato talking about a historical occurrence? 78 00:04:35,448 --> 00:04:38,241 SHATNER: While it may sound like the stuff of fantasy, 79 00:04:38,310 --> 00:04:41,724 in his dialogues Timaeusand Critias, 80 00:04:41,827 --> 00:04:43,965 Plato provides a wealth of detail 81 00:04:44,068 --> 00:04:47,758 about what many believe was a very real island nation. 82 00:04:49,827 --> 00:04:54,172 HUGH NEWMAN: Plato described Atlantis as being a huge landmass, 83 00:04:54,275 --> 00:04:56,620 potentially in the Atlantic Ocean. 84 00:04:56,724 --> 00:04:59,896 One of the main design specs of Atlantis was 85 00:04:59,965 --> 00:05:04,862 this huge area at the center of the main city of Atlantis 86 00:05:04,965 --> 00:05:09,448 that had concentric circles of land and canals. 87 00:05:09,551 --> 00:05:13,000 It had a canal coming out that went to the sea, 88 00:05:13,068 --> 00:05:15,896 and a great port was built there. 89 00:05:15,965 --> 00:05:18,620 YOUNG: The concentric circles of navigable canals 90 00:05:18,689 --> 00:05:21,620 suggest a well-planned early marina. 91 00:05:21,689 --> 00:05:25,551 It is strongly oriented to the sea. 92 00:05:25,620 --> 00:05:29,172 In the temple on the acropolis at the center of Atlantis, 93 00:05:29,241 --> 00:05:32,931 there is a statue of Poseidon, the creator god of the place. 94 00:05:33,034 --> 00:05:35,137 And he's got winged horses; 95 00:05:35,241 --> 00:05:37,379 a chariot with horses that can fly. 96 00:05:37,448 --> 00:05:41,620 So there is also a transcendent dimension implied. 97 00:05:42,965 --> 00:05:46,413 SHATNER: But if such a transcendent, awe-inspiring place 98 00:05:46,517 --> 00:05:49,965 actually existed, what happened to it? 99 00:05:50,068 --> 00:05:54,793 According to Plato, the Atlanteans angered the gods 100 00:05:54,862 --> 00:05:58,172 with their pride, what the Greeks called "hubris." 101 00:05:58,275 --> 00:06:02,965 - [thunder crashes] - And you definitely don't want to do that. 102 00:06:05,448 --> 00:06:08,689 YOUNG: Atlantis got more and more vain, 103 00:06:08,758 --> 00:06:11,793 more and more abusive in their hubris. 104 00:06:11,896 --> 00:06:15,965 A kind of arrogance that was saying, "We are gods." 105 00:06:16,068 --> 00:06:20,793 That vanity of thinking that we are as important as the gods 106 00:06:20,896 --> 00:06:25,482 tends to upset the gods, and then the downfall comes. 107 00:06:25,551 --> 00:06:28,137 The downfall that is in every Greek tragic play 108 00:06:28,241 --> 00:06:29,620 is the same thing. 109 00:06:29,689 --> 00:06:33,000 People of great privilege are brought down. 110 00:06:33,103 --> 00:06:34,517 [thunder crashing] 111 00:06:34,586 --> 00:06:36,448 PICKNETT: Atlantis disappeared 112 00:06:36,517 --> 00:06:38,379 in a day and a night 113 00:06:38,448 --> 00:06:42,310 due to some natural catastrophe, 114 00:06:42,413 --> 00:06:43,689 and ended up under the waves. 115 00:06:43,793 --> 00:06:49,620 YOUNG: The gods came and destroyed the whole place. 116 00:06:49,689 --> 00:06:53,103 The people were killed, the navy was destroyed, 117 00:06:53,172 --> 00:06:55,034 all in a day. 118 00:06:55,137 --> 00:06:58,827 And Atlantis sinks into the sea. 119 00:07:01,241 --> 00:07:05,586 FREUND: When Plato talks about this catastrophic destruction 120 00:07:05,655 --> 00:07:10,586 of Atlantis, I have to take him seriously. 121 00:07:10,655 --> 00:07:13,689 And the people would say, "Oh, it's just a metaphor, Atlantis." 122 00:07:13,758 --> 00:07:18,344 Every metaphor has at its base a nucleus 123 00:07:18,448 --> 00:07:21,586 of historical information. 124 00:07:21,689 --> 00:07:26,931 So even if he fictionalized it, even if he elaborated it, 125 00:07:27,000 --> 00:07:32,137 at its nucleus, it's a real historical place. 126 00:07:32,206 --> 00:07:35,758 SHATNER: Obviously, the best way to prove whether or not Atlantis exists 127 00:07:35,827 --> 00:07:37,275 is to find it. 128 00:07:37,379 --> 00:07:40,344 And rediscovering mythological cities 129 00:07:40,413 --> 00:07:44,620 isn't as far-fetched as it might sound. 130 00:07:44,689 --> 00:07:47,586 Other than the myth of Atlantis, the other great myth was 131 00:07:47,689 --> 00:07:48,793 the existence of Troy, 132 00:07:48,862 --> 00:07:54,034 a city that rivaled the Greeks in power. 133 00:07:54,137 --> 00:07:57,551 We know about the Trojan horse, we know about Helen of Troy, 134 00:07:57,655 --> 00:07:59,344 we know about Achilles. 135 00:07:59,413 --> 00:08:02,137 SHATNER: For centuries, scholars scoffed at the notion 136 00:08:02,241 --> 00:08:04,344 that Troy was a real place. 137 00:08:04,448 --> 00:08:06,793 That is until amateur archaeologist 138 00:08:06,896 --> 00:08:10,379 Heinrich Schliemann went looking for it in 1871. 139 00:08:10,482 --> 00:08:14,551 And believe it or not, Schliemann found Troy. 140 00:08:14,620 --> 00:08:17,551 Pretty much where Homer said it would be. 141 00:08:19,448 --> 00:08:21,344 KAKU: And that spawned a whole industry 142 00:08:21,413 --> 00:08:23,862 of trying to find other ancient cities. 143 00:08:23,965 --> 00:08:26,000 But I think it also raised false hopes 144 00:08:26,068 --> 00:08:28,827 that we would find Atlantis the same way we found 145 00:08:28,931 --> 00:08:30,655 the city of Troy. 146 00:08:30,758 --> 00:08:32,103 It may not be so easy. 147 00:08:32,206 --> 00:08:36,241 SHATNER: The modern search for Atlantis was kicked off 148 00:08:36,310 --> 00:08:38,000 back in the late 19th century 149 00:08:38,103 --> 00:08:41,517 by a rather curious amateur scientist 150 00:08:41,620 --> 00:08:44,620 named Ignatius Donnelly. 151 00:08:46,275 --> 00:08:48,379 CHRISTOPHER BADER: Ignatius Donnelly wrote a book 152 00:08:48,448 --> 00:08:50,896 called Atlantis: The Antediluvian World 153 00:08:50,965 --> 00:08:52,655 back in 1882. 154 00:08:52,758 --> 00:08:55,655 And this was a book that really brought Atlantis out of 155 00:08:55,758 --> 00:08:59,517 Plato's fables and into modern consciousness. 156 00:08:59,586 --> 00:09:01,758 He said Atlantis really existed, 157 00:09:01,862 --> 00:09:04,724 really did have advanced technology. 158 00:09:04,827 --> 00:09:08,448 SHATNER: For Donnelly, researching the story of Atlantis 159 00:09:08,551 --> 00:09:11,620 became such an obsession that he even went so far 160 00:09:11,724 --> 00:09:13,931 as to claim that he knew precisely 161 00:09:14,034 --> 00:09:17,724 where Atlantis would one day be found. 162 00:09:17,827 --> 00:09:19,965 YOUNG: Ignatius Donnelly said Atlantis was in 163 00:09:20,068 --> 00:09:22,551 a very specific place in the Atlantic Ocean, 164 00:09:22,655 --> 00:09:24,620 that it sank, and that the Azores, 165 00:09:24,724 --> 00:09:27,310 the islands out there off Spain, 166 00:09:27,379 --> 00:09:30,275 are the tips of the mountains. 167 00:09:30,379 --> 00:09:32,413 Now we have good undersea exploration. 168 00:09:32,517 --> 00:09:34,586 We can go down and see the heavy silt 169 00:09:34,689 --> 00:09:36,517 that is at the ocean bottom 170 00:09:36,620 --> 00:09:39,034 that took millions of years to build up. 171 00:09:39,103 --> 00:09:41,724 It couldn't have been a civilization that sank 172 00:09:41,793 --> 00:09:43,310 a few thousand years ago. 173 00:09:43,379 --> 00:09:44,758 So he was wrong. 174 00:09:44,827 --> 00:09:47,793 But Ignatius Donnelly advanced the idea 175 00:09:47,862 --> 00:09:52,241 that Atlantis may have physical history to it. 176 00:09:52,310 --> 00:09:56,724 SHATNER: Many researchers believe that the best way to find Atlantis 177 00:09:56,827 --> 00:10:00,965 is to look for it where Plato said it was located. 178 00:10:03,482 --> 00:10:08,448 FREUND: Plato gives us very specific geographic locations 179 00:10:08,551 --> 00:10:12,068 for where Atlantis was. 180 00:10:12,137 --> 00:10:16,103 He says it's by the Pillars of Hercules. 181 00:10:16,206 --> 00:10:19,551 And the pillars were actually two mountains, 182 00:10:19,655 --> 00:10:22,379 one located at the Rock of Gibraltar, 183 00:10:22,482 --> 00:10:25,103 and the other located in Morocco. 184 00:10:25,206 --> 00:10:29,103 And these two rocks were the Pillars of Hercules. 185 00:10:29,172 --> 00:10:32,551 So he's putting it in a very specific location 186 00:10:32,620 --> 00:10:35,724 that every single reader knew about. 187 00:10:35,827 --> 00:10:39,206 SHATNER: Does the key to rediscovering Atlantis 188 00:10:39,275 --> 00:10:43,793 lie in exploring the area near the Pillars of Hercules, 189 00:10:43,862 --> 00:10:47,551 or what today we call the Strait of Gibraltar? 190 00:10:47,620 --> 00:10:50,689 Perhaps the answer can be found by examining 191 00:10:50,793 --> 00:10:53,310 the findings of a team of archeologists 192 00:10:53,379 --> 00:10:56,344 who believe that the lost city 193 00:10:56,448 --> 00:10:59,275 is buried in Spain. 194 00:11:04,758 --> 00:11:07,137 SHATNER: In southern Spain, just a few miles off the coast 195 00:11:07,206 --> 00:11:11,827 of the Atlantic Ocean lies Doñana National Park. 196 00:11:11,931 --> 00:11:15,103 Considered to be one of the finest biological reserves 197 00:11:15,172 --> 00:11:19,965 in the world, the park is filled with marsh wetlands, 198 00:11:20,034 --> 00:11:23,758 sand dunes and many forms of wildlife. 199 00:11:23,827 --> 00:11:28,379 But in recent years, archaeologist Dr. Richard Freund 200 00:11:28,448 --> 00:11:31,241 has come to believe that this marshland 201 00:11:31,310 --> 00:11:33,620 hides a profound secret: 202 00:11:33,689 --> 00:11:37,241 the remnants of Atlantis. 203 00:11:37,344 --> 00:11:40,689 FREUND: We started our work with the Spanish archaeologists 204 00:11:40,793 --> 00:11:43,689 in Doñana Biological Park. 205 00:11:43,793 --> 00:11:48,517 It's one of the largest marshes in all of Europe, 206 00:11:48,620 --> 00:11:52,862 about 250 square miles of just marsh. 207 00:11:52,965 --> 00:11:55,862 The most important thing about Doñana 208 00:11:55,965 --> 00:12:00,758 is it's located right next to the Strait of Gibraltar. 209 00:12:00,827 --> 00:12:05,758 This is the area where Plato says Atlantis was. 210 00:12:05,862 --> 00:12:08,758 So, archaeologists in Spain started to look 211 00:12:08,862 --> 00:12:11,724 in Doñana Biological Park. 212 00:12:11,793 --> 00:12:14,586 And they invited us to come... 213 00:12:16,241 --> 00:12:17,931 ...with our geoscience team 214 00:12:18,034 --> 00:12:19,689 to see if we could narrow down the search 215 00:12:19,793 --> 00:12:22,689 using electrical resistivity tomography, 216 00:12:22,758 --> 00:12:25,620 ground-penetrating radar 217 00:12:25,724 --> 00:12:27,862 and other geoscience. 218 00:12:29,517 --> 00:12:30,896 SHATNER: The archaeologists hoped 219 00:12:31,000 --> 00:12:34,172 that underground scans would reveal the presence 220 00:12:34,241 --> 00:12:36,586 of the ruins of Atlantis buried underground. 221 00:12:36,655 --> 00:12:39,655 The results of the underground scans 222 00:12:39,724 --> 00:12:42,965 showed that there were distinct changes, or "breaks," 223 00:12:43,034 --> 00:12:46,034 in the density and conductivity of the soil. 224 00:12:48,034 --> 00:12:51,620 Richard Freund claims that these breaks 225 00:12:51,689 --> 00:12:56,310 indicate the location of underground stone walls. 226 00:12:56,379 --> 00:12:59,517 FREUND: We were able to look through the different layers 227 00:12:59,620 --> 00:13:01,551 and identify what we thought 228 00:13:01,655 --> 00:13:06,034 were the markings of the ancient city walls, 229 00:13:06,137 --> 00:13:09,103 concentric circles that one can see 230 00:13:09,172 --> 00:13:11,758 using electrical resistivity tomography, 231 00:13:11,862 --> 00:13:14,482 where they were below the surface. 232 00:13:14,551 --> 00:13:18,448 Where the ancient city might have been. 233 00:13:18,517 --> 00:13:21,586 Then, we did core samples 234 00:13:21,689 --> 00:13:25,034 that went down into the dirt 235 00:13:25,137 --> 00:13:29,517 30, 40, 50 meters below the surface, 236 00:13:29,620 --> 00:13:33,931 and it told us there was organic matter 237 00:13:34,000 --> 00:13:38,724 that dated back to about 5000 BCE, 238 00:13:38,827 --> 00:13:42,379 some of the most ancient remains 239 00:13:42,448 --> 00:13:46,034 in this now close sedimented marsh. 240 00:13:46,103 --> 00:13:48,793 So, now we have the concentric circles, 241 00:13:48,862 --> 00:13:52,862 we have dating, so we know that this is probably the area 242 00:13:52,965 --> 00:13:56,793 where Atlantis was centered. 243 00:13:59,172 --> 00:14:01,413 SHATNER: But if there are circular structures 244 00:14:01,517 --> 00:14:05,413 beneath the mud at Doñana, how did they become buried? 245 00:14:05,482 --> 00:14:08,862 According to Freund, the marshes were once the site 246 00:14:08,965 --> 00:14:11,448 of a large bay, and the island of Atlantis 247 00:14:11,517 --> 00:14:13,551 sat in the middle of it. 248 00:14:13,655 --> 00:14:16,103 He theorizes that, at some point, 249 00:14:16,206 --> 00:14:20,068 an earthquake and a tsunami struck. 250 00:14:20,137 --> 00:14:24,310 - [people screaming] - The island sunk into the bay, 251 00:14:24,379 --> 00:14:29,620 and mud eventually covered the lost city. 252 00:14:29,724 --> 00:14:33,896 FREUND: Plato seems to be describing, in the destruction of Atlantis, 253 00:14:33,965 --> 00:14:37,551 an earthquake with a major mega-tsunami 254 00:14:37,620 --> 00:14:40,172 that basically inundated 255 00:14:40,241 --> 00:14:44,206 the entire island with dirt and stone 256 00:14:44,275 --> 00:14:46,931 and they were not able to get all the people out. 257 00:14:47,034 --> 00:14:50,586 It was a catastrophic event, 258 00:14:50,689 --> 00:14:57,241 and that catastrophic event should be recorded in the marsh. 259 00:14:57,344 --> 00:15:00,206 SHATNER: Incredibly, Freund also claims 260 00:15:00,310 --> 00:15:02,620 to have found evidence underground 261 00:15:02,689 --> 00:15:05,379 not just of the structures of Atlantis 262 00:15:05,482 --> 00:15:09,965 but of the cataclysm that supposedly destroyed the city. 263 00:15:10,068 --> 00:15:12,620 It just so happens that in the middle of the circle 264 00:15:12,689 --> 00:15:16,344 where the walls of Atlantis were located, 265 00:15:16,413 --> 00:15:22,103 there was a consistent methane layer in the marsh. 266 00:15:23,482 --> 00:15:25,655 SHATNER: But why is the presence of a layer of methane 267 00:15:25,724 --> 00:15:29,241 in the Doñana marsh a significant find? 268 00:15:29,344 --> 00:15:34,862 Well, methane is a gas made up of carbon and hydrogen. 269 00:15:34,931 --> 00:15:38,034 And in other studies, archaeologists have concluded 270 00:15:38,137 --> 00:15:40,241 that the detection of methane in soil 271 00:15:40,344 --> 00:15:44,379 can indicate the presence of large numbers of dead bodies 272 00:15:44,448 --> 00:15:46,137 buried underground. 273 00:15:46,206 --> 00:15:49,827 And Richard Freund believes that his discovery 274 00:15:49,931 --> 00:15:52,965 of a significant amount of methane at Doñana 275 00:15:53,068 --> 00:15:57,689 means that the bodies of the Atlanteans are buried there. 276 00:15:57,793 --> 00:15:59,620 40 feet below the surface, 277 00:15:59,724 --> 00:16:02,448 suddenly to find this sealed layer, 278 00:16:02,517 --> 00:16:07,275 this is what confirms not only the date, 279 00:16:07,344 --> 00:16:11,551 the time, but what happened to most of the people. 280 00:16:11,655 --> 00:16:14,827 Humans, animals, agriculture 281 00:16:14,931 --> 00:16:18,137 had been sealed and disintegrated. 282 00:16:18,241 --> 00:16:22,241 And that is one of the indicators, the methane layer. 283 00:16:22,310 --> 00:16:26,620 SHATNER: Does Richard Freund's discovery of a methane layer 284 00:16:26,689 --> 00:16:30,620 beneath the Doñana marshes suggest that Atlantis, 285 00:16:30,689 --> 00:16:34,689 and the Atlanteans themselves, are buried there, 286 00:16:34,758 --> 00:16:36,655 waiting to be found? 287 00:16:36,758 --> 00:16:40,206 It's an intriguing possibility. 288 00:16:40,275 --> 00:16:43,517 However, since the Doñana marsh is a wildlife reserve, 289 00:16:43,586 --> 00:16:46,655 the archaeologists are not permitted to dig there 290 00:16:46,758 --> 00:16:48,310 to try and prove their theory. 291 00:16:50,241 --> 00:16:53,000 But Freund and the Spanish archaeologists 292 00:16:53,103 --> 00:16:56,206 were determined to keep searching for answers. 293 00:16:59,068 --> 00:17:01,827 So, they sent underwater divers to investigate 294 00:17:01,931 --> 00:17:03,275 the nearby ocean floor 295 00:17:03,344 --> 00:17:07,275 where they found extraordinary evidence 296 00:17:07,344 --> 00:17:11,172 that an ancient city once existed in this area. 297 00:17:11,275 --> 00:17:13,551 FREUND: What they were able to discover 298 00:17:13,620 --> 00:17:16,793 was there were massive walls, 299 00:17:16,862 --> 00:17:20,413 all in the area right off of the coast. 300 00:17:20,482 --> 00:17:25,000 You have to wonder "Where did they come from?" 301 00:17:25,103 --> 00:17:27,931 So, what we were able to piece together 302 00:17:28,034 --> 00:17:32,137 is this came from a major city on the coast. 303 00:17:32,206 --> 00:17:37,275 And that city is, most likely than not, Atlantis. 304 00:17:38,413 --> 00:17:41,000 SHATNER: Is it possible that Richard Freund 305 00:17:41,068 --> 00:17:43,931 has found the site where Atlantis was located, 306 00:17:44,000 --> 00:17:48,758 finally proving that this lost civilization 307 00:17:48,827 --> 00:17:51,482 was, in fact, real? 308 00:17:51,586 --> 00:17:54,965 FREUND: The most mysterious thing about Atlantis 309 00:17:55,034 --> 00:17:59,896 is everybody knows that it was destroyed, 310 00:17:59,965 --> 00:18:04,896 and yet most people are looking for evidence 311 00:18:04,965 --> 00:18:07,551 that it wasn't completely destroyed. 312 00:18:07,620 --> 00:18:12,586 In my opinion, this site in southern Spain 313 00:18:12,655 --> 00:18:15,172 is where Atlantis was. 314 00:18:15,275 --> 00:18:17,896 SHATNER: Richard Freund believes he is on the cusp 315 00:18:17,965 --> 00:18:21,344 of uncovering the ruins of Atlantis, 316 00:18:21,413 --> 00:18:24,103 but his theory faces stiff competition 317 00:18:24,206 --> 00:18:26,344 from those posed by other researchers. 318 00:18:26,413 --> 00:18:29,172 In fact, there are some who argue that Atlantis 319 00:18:29,275 --> 00:18:32,068 was located at another site 320 00:18:32,172 --> 00:18:36,620 that is roughly 100 miles west, in Portugal. 321 00:18:36,689 --> 00:18:39,413 And according to the man who discovered that site, 322 00:18:39,482 --> 00:18:44,000 it fits virtually every clue left by Plato, 323 00:18:44,068 --> 00:18:49,103 in a way no other place on earth can possibly match. 324 00:18:57,344 --> 00:18:59,103 SHATNER: British resarcher Peter Daughtrey 325 00:18:59,206 --> 00:19:04,241 publishes a book titled Atlantis and the Silver City. 326 00:19:04,344 --> 00:19:08,000 In it, Daughtry argues that if Atlantis existed, 327 00:19:08,103 --> 00:19:10,448 the best way to find its location is to take 328 00:19:10,551 --> 00:19:15,379 a much closer, more detailed look at Plato's writings. 329 00:19:15,448 --> 00:19:18,344 Daughtrey has been exhaustively studying 330 00:19:18,448 --> 00:19:21,482 Plato's dialogues for decades, 331 00:19:21,551 --> 00:19:25,068 and is confident that he has found enough clues 332 00:19:25,172 --> 00:19:29,413 to solve the mystery of Atlantis. 333 00:19:29,482 --> 00:19:33,068 When I analyze Plato, and in the second dialogue, Critias, 334 00:19:33,172 --> 00:19:34,689 it gave an awful amount of detail. 335 00:19:34,758 --> 00:19:38,344 In fact, there are 100 clues, but about 40 of them 336 00:19:38,448 --> 00:19:40,206 you couldn't hope to possibly find today 337 00:19:40,275 --> 00:19:43,310 because they would have all gone a long time ago. 338 00:19:43,379 --> 00:19:46,551 So I distilled it down to just 60 clues 339 00:19:46,655 --> 00:19:48,724 that we could reasonably hope to match today. 340 00:19:48,827 --> 00:19:53,379 SHATNER: When Daughtrey drilled deeper into Plato's writings, 341 00:19:53,448 --> 00:19:56,965 he concluded that Atlantis wasn't located 342 00:19:57,034 --> 00:19:59,655 along the coast of Spain, 343 00:19:59,758 --> 00:20:03,551 but rather, the idyllic Algarve coast of Portugal. 344 00:20:03,655 --> 00:20:06,931 DAUGHTREY: When I'd finished researching the 60 clues, 345 00:20:07,000 --> 00:20:09,551 all 60 fit with this area. 346 00:20:09,620 --> 00:20:12,655 One of the few crops he speaks of in detail 347 00:20:12,758 --> 00:20:15,655 is-is chestnuts, sweet chestnuts. 348 00:20:15,758 --> 00:20:18,413 That's one of the evocative smells in the Algarve. 349 00:20:18,482 --> 00:20:21,620 And the sweet chestnut was endemic in Portugal, 350 00:20:21,724 --> 00:20:23,241 and, well, Iberia. 351 00:20:23,310 --> 00:20:25,034 He also said it had another clue, 352 00:20:25,103 --> 00:20:27,827 which was great wealth. 353 00:20:27,931 --> 00:20:30,655 Well, that area of southern Portugal 354 00:20:30,758 --> 00:20:32,827 was one of the wealthiest areas 355 00:20:32,931 --> 00:20:35,344 for precious metals in the world. 356 00:20:35,448 --> 00:20:37,827 Phoenicians were there trading 357 00:20:37,931 --> 00:20:40,517 with the Algarve for the precious metals. 358 00:20:40,620 --> 00:20:43,724 In fact, at one stage, so much silver 359 00:20:43,793 --> 00:20:46,241 had been taken by the Phoenicians 360 00:20:46,344 --> 00:20:49,103 from this region of southern Portugal 361 00:20:49,206 --> 00:20:52,344 back to Babylon, the bullion market crashed 362 00:20:52,448 --> 00:20:54,586 because there was so much of it. 363 00:20:55,655 --> 00:20:59,103 SHATNER: But what about the biggest clue of all? 364 00:20:59,206 --> 00:21:03,793 Didn't Plato say that Atlantis was an island? 365 00:21:03,896 --> 00:21:07,482 DAUGHTREY: A lot of people were looking for an island, 366 00:21:07,586 --> 00:21:10,551 and the word that Plato used, the ancient Greek word, 367 00:21:10,655 --> 00:21:13,413 was nêsos,N-E-S-O-S. 368 00:21:13,482 --> 00:21:17,620 In actual fact, the Greeks had three definitions 369 00:21:17,689 --> 00:21:18,931 of the word nêsos. 370 00:21:19,034 --> 00:21:20,689 One was an island. 371 00:21:20,793 --> 00:21:22,103 The other was a big estuary 372 00:21:22,172 --> 00:21:24,793 with mudflats and rivulets of water. 373 00:21:24,862 --> 00:21:26,862 And the other one was a peninsula. 374 00:21:26,931 --> 00:21:29,931 And right outside the Straits of Gibraltar 375 00:21:30,000 --> 00:21:32,344 you got the Iberian Peninsula. 376 00:21:32,448 --> 00:21:35,068 So that had been bedeviling the search for Atlantis 377 00:21:35,172 --> 00:21:36,862 for a long time, people were looking for an island. 378 00:21:36,965 --> 00:21:38,241 It probably wasn't an island. 379 00:21:38,344 --> 00:21:42,206 SHATNER: But if the land, the nêsos, of Atlantis 380 00:21:42,275 --> 00:21:44,448 is located in southern Portugal, 381 00:21:44,551 --> 00:21:47,172 where exactly is the capital city? 382 00:21:47,275 --> 00:21:48,758 The one with the concentric rings, 383 00:21:48,862 --> 00:21:52,275 the massive harbor and the temple of Poseidon? 384 00:21:52,344 --> 00:21:54,724 DAUGHTREY: I turned to the clues for the city, 385 00:21:54,827 --> 00:21:57,172 which were 18 of the 60 clues, 386 00:21:57,275 --> 00:21:59,275 and they're very precise and detailed. 387 00:21:59,344 --> 00:22:04,275 Plato said that the capital city was less than a kilometer wide. 388 00:22:04,344 --> 00:22:06,862 It had mountains at the back of it, it was on a flat plain. 389 00:22:06,965 --> 00:22:12,206 It was encircled by three rings of water and two of land, 390 00:22:12,275 --> 00:22:16,793 and the outer ring of water was a big harbor. 391 00:22:16,862 --> 00:22:18,965 SHATNER: As Daughtrey searched, 392 00:22:19,034 --> 00:22:21,241 he found only one place in the region-- 393 00:22:21,344 --> 00:22:23,241 or for that matter, in the world-- 394 00:22:23,344 --> 00:22:28,275 that fits every single one of his 18 clues. 395 00:22:28,344 --> 00:22:31,655 And to his surprise, that place was a city 396 00:22:31,758 --> 00:22:33,758 that is located in Portugal, 397 00:22:33,862 --> 00:22:39,620 not on the bottom of the ocean, nor buried under layers of mud: 398 00:22:39,724 --> 00:22:43,758 the old Portuguese town of Silves. 399 00:22:43,862 --> 00:22:46,551 This ancient city, 400 00:22:46,655 --> 00:22:49,310 in the Algarve region of southern Portugal, 401 00:22:49,413 --> 00:22:51,206 is set on the Arade River, 402 00:22:51,275 --> 00:22:55,000 which links inland Portugal to the open ocean. 403 00:22:55,068 --> 00:22:57,931 DAUGHTREY: Silves town itself is just less than a kilometer wide. 404 00:22:58,034 --> 00:23:01,620 One of Plato's clues was that 405 00:23:01,724 --> 00:23:04,137 it was only nine and a quarter kilometers from the sea. 406 00:23:04,241 --> 00:23:06,724 The river that runs past Silves 407 00:23:06,827 --> 00:23:08,379 and goes, you know, out to the sea, 408 00:23:08,448 --> 00:23:10,586 it's exactly nine and a quarter kilometers. 409 00:23:10,655 --> 00:23:14,103 Plato said that they built the buildings 410 00:23:14,172 --> 00:23:16,724 from white, black and red rock. 411 00:23:16,793 --> 00:23:19,275 In fact, if you go to Silves now, you can see the pavement 412 00:23:19,379 --> 00:23:22,310 is in white, black and red stone. 413 00:23:22,379 --> 00:23:26,586 Plato said there was a palace at the top of the island. 414 00:23:26,655 --> 00:23:28,793 And Silves, there's an old castle there, 415 00:23:28,862 --> 00:23:30,275 the biggest in Portugal. 416 00:23:30,379 --> 00:23:33,206 The current castle is on a brow of a hill 417 00:23:33,275 --> 00:23:34,862 that is the same land measurements 418 00:23:34,931 --> 00:23:37,241 as he gave for the palace. 419 00:23:37,310 --> 00:23:39,206 So all these clues match to the city. 420 00:23:39,275 --> 00:23:40,758 There couldn't be two of them. 421 00:23:40,862 --> 00:23:43,413 And it really is the final clincher, if you like, 422 00:23:43,517 --> 00:23:46,724 that that was where Plato was talking about. 423 00:23:46,827 --> 00:23:50,172 SHATNER: According to Peter Daughtrey, 424 00:23:50,275 --> 00:23:52,344 the city that is now called Silves 425 00:23:52,448 --> 00:23:55,448 was at the center of a vast empire that stretched 426 00:23:55,517 --> 00:23:58,655 to include the area of the Doñana marsh, 427 00:23:58,758 --> 00:24:02,448 so it's entirely possible that both he and Richard Freund 428 00:24:02,517 --> 00:24:06,793 have uncovered remnants of Atlantis. 429 00:24:07,931 --> 00:24:09,655 But questions remain. 430 00:24:09,758 --> 00:24:12,137 For instance, if Atlantis was a far-reaching, 431 00:24:12,206 --> 00:24:17,068 seafaring nation that traveled throughout the Mediterranean, 432 00:24:17,172 --> 00:24:20,413 then how come no ancient artifacts 433 00:24:20,517 --> 00:24:23,793 from their civilization have ever been recovered? 434 00:24:25,000 --> 00:24:27,413 Well, a recent discovery 435 00:24:27,517 --> 00:24:31,379 may have finally revealed the ancient artifacts 436 00:24:31,448 --> 00:24:34,862 that archaeologists have been searching for. 437 00:24:41,827 --> 00:24:44,758 Marine archeologists recover dozens 438 00:24:44,862 --> 00:24:47,517 of mysterious metal bars 439 00:24:47,586 --> 00:24:52,241 from an ancient shipwreck on the seafloor off of Sicily. 440 00:24:52,344 --> 00:24:56,586 Metal bars that, incredibly, match the description 441 00:24:56,689 --> 00:25:00,655 of a metal that was said to be treasured by the Atlanteans: 442 00:25:00,758 --> 00:25:02,793 orichalcum. 443 00:25:02,896 --> 00:25:06,586 NEWMAN: One of the mysteries of Atlantis that Plato talked about 444 00:25:06,689 --> 00:25:09,620 was a type of metal called orichalcum. 445 00:25:09,724 --> 00:25:12,034 This has been a big mystery and a big debate, 446 00:25:12,137 --> 00:25:15,724 you know, for many decades about what this really is. 447 00:25:15,793 --> 00:25:17,620 FREUND: The archaeologists said, 448 00:25:17,689 --> 00:25:21,482 "We want to know if this is really orichalcum." 449 00:25:21,586 --> 00:25:24,586 So I sent a geoscientist 450 00:25:24,689 --> 00:25:27,310 with an X-ray fluorescence machine 451 00:25:27,413 --> 00:25:30,206 that basically can tell me the content 452 00:25:30,310 --> 00:25:34,172 of that metal without destroying the sample. 453 00:25:34,275 --> 00:25:39,586 And what he discovered was it had all the characteristics 454 00:25:39,689 --> 00:25:42,896 of what orichalcum traditionally had. 455 00:25:42,965 --> 00:25:45,517 It had zinc, it had lead, 456 00:25:45,620 --> 00:25:48,931 it had copper, it had tin. 457 00:25:49,034 --> 00:25:53,689 And these are all materials that made orichalcum so famous. 458 00:25:54,551 --> 00:25:57,827 Could the very existence of orichalcum 459 00:25:57,896 --> 00:26:01,655 really be tangible evidence that Plato's fabled 460 00:26:01,724 --> 00:26:04,551 lost continent actually existed? 461 00:26:04,655 --> 00:26:08,931 There are many who believe the answer is yes. 462 00:26:09,034 --> 00:26:11,862 But does that suggest that Atlantis was located 463 00:26:11,931 --> 00:26:16,379 somewhere off the coast of Spain, in Portugal, perhaps? 464 00:26:16,482 --> 00:26:19,241 Or could it have been somewhere else? 465 00:26:19,344 --> 00:26:23,896 Somewhere that few people would ever imagine? 466 00:26:28,758 --> 00:26:33,275 SHATNER: Dayton, Ohio, November, 1923. 467 00:26:33,379 --> 00:26:36,275 Edgar Cayce, an American psychic and healer, 468 00:26:36,379 --> 00:26:39,241 famous in the early 20th century 469 00:26:39,310 --> 00:26:41,586 for his ability to see into the future, 470 00:26:41,689 --> 00:26:45,896 has a profound vision while in a self-induced trance. 471 00:26:45,965 --> 00:26:49,379 - [babbling] - But on this particular occasion, 472 00:26:49,448 --> 00:26:53,482 Cayce's vision was not of the future 473 00:26:53,586 --> 00:26:55,965 - but of the distant past. - [mumbles]: Atlantis. 474 00:26:56,034 --> 00:26:59,000 SHATNER: He saw Atlantis. 475 00:26:59,103 --> 00:27:01,724 But the Atlantis that Cayce saw 476 00:27:01,827 --> 00:27:04,862 did not resemble an ancient city. 477 00:27:07,137 --> 00:27:12,448 Edgar Cayce talks about Atlantis in his psychic readings 478 00:27:12,517 --> 00:27:16,517 as being a place of high culture. 479 00:27:16,586 --> 00:27:20,517 Civilization beyond even what we have today. 480 00:27:20,620 --> 00:27:23,344 They had everything from crystals 481 00:27:23,413 --> 00:27:25,586 that could affect your healing in the body 482 00:27:25,689 --> 00:27:29,034 to death rays, even airships. 483 00:27:31,172 --> 00:27:32,310 BADER: He described Atlantis 484 00:27:32,413 --> 00:27:36,413 as a place of a much greater and much more advanced technology 485 00:27:36,482 --> 00:27:39,344 than either Plato or Donnelly claimed. 486 00:27:39,413 --> 00:27:42,103 He claims that they were able to levitate 487 00:27:42,206 --> 00:27:43,586 and have psychic powers. 488 00:27:43,689 --> 00:27:46,137 The downfall of Atlantis, according to Cayce, 489 00:27:46,241 --> 00:27:50,827 was that Atlantis had developed giant crystal death rays 490 00:27:50,896 --> 00:27:54,379 and there was an internal civil war on the island, 491 00:27:54,448 --> 00:27:56,689 that during that war, the crystal death rays 492 00:27:56,758 --> 00:28:02,206 were set off and sunk the island beneath the waves. 493 00:28:02,275 --> 00:28:05,172 SHATNER: Giant crystal death rays? 494 00:28:05,275 --> 00:28:11,448 As strange as it sounds, that is what Cayce said. 495 00:28:11,517 --> 00:28:15,482 Researchers believe that one way to test his incredible claims 496 00:28:15,586 --> 00:28:17,931 is to look for the ruins of Atlantis 497 00:28:18,000 --> 00:28:21,034 where Edgar Cayce thought it was located. 498 00:28:21,103 --> 00:28:25,034 Cayce said that Atlantis wasn't centered near the Mediterranean, 499 00:28:25,103 --> 00:28:27,000 as most people believe, 500 00:28:27,068 --> 00:28:30,655 but rather, on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean. 501 00:28:30,724 --> 00:28:33,896 PICKNETT: Edgar Cayce described Atlantis 502 00:28:34,000 --> 00:28:36,965 as being just off the coast of Cuba, 503 00:28:37,034 --> 00:28:40,586 and there is some quite persuasive research 504 00:28:40,655 --> 00:28:44,896 about, um, Atlantis actually being off Cuba. 505 00:28:46,862 --> 00:28:49,896 COLLINS: In September, 1998, 506 00:28:49,965 --> 00:28:55,827 I went to Cuba and I hired the help of a local archeologist 507 00:28:55,931 --> 00:28:58,724 who was able to take me out to these caves. 508 00:28:58,827 --> 00:29:04,724 We found a veritable Sistine Chapel of the ancient world. 509 00:29:04,793 --> 00:29:08,965 Seven chambers full of the most incredible rock art 510 00:29:09,068 --> 00:29:12,724 showing these weird concentric circles 511 00:29:12,827 --> 00:29:15,896 that were a complete mystery to the archeologists. 512 00:29:15,965 --> 00:29:19,206 It was almost as if I had a eureka moment, 513 00:29:19,310 --> 00:29:24,241 and I realized that this could be the key to finding Atlantis. 514 00:29:24,344 --> 00:29:27,413 SHATNER: In addition to archaeological evidence 515 00:29:27,517 --> 00:29:30,724 linking Cuba to Atlantis, researchers argue 516 00:29:30,827 --> 00:29:33,275 that there is also historical evidence, 517 00:29:33,379 --> 00:29:36,758 in the form of accounts written by Spanish explorers 518 00:29:36,862 --> 00:29:39,517 in the 16th century. 519 00:29:39,620 --> 00:29:44,103 In 1552, a Spanish historian 520 00:29:44,172 --> 00:29:49,620 by the name of Francisco López de Gómara 521 00:29:49,724 --> 00:29:55,413 actually wrote that when the Spanish did arrive in Cuba, 522 00:29:55,482 --> 00:29:57,896 they found that the indigenous peoples 523 00:29:58,000 --> 00:30:01,137 had a tradition that once all of these islands 524 00:30:01,206 --> 00:30:03,655 were one huge continent... 525 00:30:04,931 --> 00:30:07,793 ...that had been broken apart 526 00:30:07,896 --> 00:30:10,482 by the waters during a great cataclysm 527 00:30:10,551 --> 00:30:13,931 and split apart into the islands 528 00:30:14,034 --> 00:30:16,103 and the cays that we see today. 529 00:30:16,965 --> 00:30:19,344 SHATNER: According to geologists, 530 00:30:19,413 --> 00:30:20,931 such a cataclysm did take place 531 00:30:21,034 --> 00:30:23,517 in the Atlantic Ocean, near Cuba, 532 00:30:23,620 --> 00:30:26,310 more than 10,000 years ago. 533 00:30:26,379 --> 00:30:28,448 During the last ice age, 534 00:30:28,551 --> 00:30:33,172 sea levels were about 400 feet lower. 535 00:30:33,275 --> 00:30:36,931 Many of today's islands were joined into large landmasses; 536 00:30:37,034 --> 00:30:41,137 island continents, you might say. 537 00:30:41,206 --> 00:30:44,586 Then the ice began to melt, creating sudden surges 538 00:30:44,655 --> 00:30:48,655 in ocean levels called meltwater pulses. 539 00:30:50,206 --> 00:30:53,310 One particularly violent pulse wreaked havoc 540 00:30:53,413 --> 00:30:57,310 on coastlines and islands everywhere. 541 00:30:57,379 --> 00:31:00,758 Meltwater pulse 1B. 542 00:31:00,862 --> 00:31:05,689 Some people think that meltwater pulse 1B took place 543 00:31:05,793 --> 00:31:09,310 precisely when Atlantis was supposed to fall. 544 00:31:09,413 --> 00:31:12,000 Now, of course, this is a theory, 545 00:31:12,068 --> 00:31:14,896 'cause we're going back 10,000 years. 546 00:31:14,965 --> 00:31:17,482 Some people have claimed that perhaps it was 547 00:31:17,586 --> 00:31:20,000 the sudden meltwater being released 548 00:31:20,068 --> 00:31:24,137 that caused the flooding which destroyed Atlantis. 549 00:31:24,206 --> 00:31:28,206 Plato tells us that Atlantis was somewhere 550 00:31:28,275 --> 00:31:30,241 out in the Atlantic Ocean. 551 00:31:30,310 --> 00:31:31,827 But where, exactly? 552 00:31:31,931 --> 00:31:37,482 Is it possible that Atlantis awaits discovery 553 00:31:37,551 --> 00:31:39,689 off the coast of Cuba? 554 00:31:39,758 --> 00:31:41,758 I actually think the answer is yes. 555 00:31:43,965 --> 00:31:46,655 SHATNER: If Edgar Cayce was right, and the ruins of Atlantis 556 00:31:46,724 --> 00:31:49,068 can be found in the ocean near Cuba, 557 00:31:49,172 --> 00:31:53,068 then is it also possible that Atlantis possessed 558 00:31:53,172 --> 00:31:56,758 incredibly sophisticated technology, as he described? 559 00:31:56,827 --> 00:31:59,103 Perhaps even technology 560 00:31:59,172 --> 00:32:03,241 that is more advanced than our own. 561 00:32:03,344 --> 00:32:08,206 Airships, levitation, psych powers. 562 00:32:08,275 --> 00:32:10,379 Sounds like something out of science fiction, 563 00:32:10,482 --> 00:32:13,068 until we remember that, according to Plato, 564 00:32:13,172 --> 00:32:16,379 Atlantis was created by Poseidon, 565 00:32:16,482 --> 00:32:20,689 the Greek god of the sea, and ruled by his children. 566 00:32:20,793 --> 00:32:22,655 And there are some who believe that 567 00:32:22,724 --> 00:32:26,344 those same Greek gods were actually 568 00:32:26,413 --> 00:32:29,068 extraterrestrial visitors. 569 00:32:29,137 --> 00:32:32,758 But that's all too far-fetched for rational minds 570 00:32:32,862 --> 00:32:35,034 like ours to accept. 571 00:32:36,413 --> 00:32:38,724 Or is it? 572 00:32:46,517 --> 00:32:50,068 SHATNER: Standing in the center of the National Archaeological Museum 573 00:32:50,137 --> 00:32:53,172 is an ancient statue that is referred to as 574 00:32:53,275 --> 00:32:55,689 Poseidon of Melos. 575 00:32:55,758 --> 00:32:59,517 Dated to the second century BC, 576 00:32:59,620 --> 00:33:02,344 it depicts the Greek god Poseidon who, 577 00:33:02,413 --> 00:33:06,275 according to Plato, was both the ruler of the sea 578 00:33:06,379 --> 00:33:09,344 and the founder of Atlantis. 579 00:33:11,827 --> 00:33:15,655 We hear from Plato that the gods drew lots 580 00:33:15,758 --> 00:33:18,689 and divided up the world into areas 581 00:33:18,793 --> 00:33:20,620 that they would be responsible for. 582 00:33:20,689 --> 00:33:24,931 And Poseidon receives an island, 583 00:33:25,034 --> 00:33:28,379 and he finds a human woman on the island, 584 00:33:28,448 --> 00:33:29,827 falls in love with her, 585 00:33:29,931 --> 00:33:32,551 and they have five sets of twins. 586 00:33:32,620 --> 00:33:37,103 And the firstborn of the first set of twins he names Atlas, 587 00:33:37,206 --> 00:33:40,586 and he makes him the king of Atlantis. 588 00:33:40,689 --> 00:33:43,482 So the island is named for that Atlas, 589 00:33:43,551 --> 00:33:45,689 as is the Atlantic Ocean 590 00:33:45,793 --> 00:33:48,517 in which the island was situated. 591 00:33:48,586 --> 00:33:51,275 The original inhabitants of Atlantis, 592 00:33:51,344 --> 00:33:54,517 the Atlanteans themselves, because they are 593 00:33:54,586 --> 00:33:58,586 the descendants of a god, they are like gods themselves. 594 00:33:58,689 --> 00:34:01,931 They're not gods on the level of Poseidon, 595 00:34:02,000 --> 00:34:06,586 but they are endowed with supernatural powers of sorts. 596 00:34:06,689 --> 00:34:11,310 BURDORFF: They have the best technology, they have the most resources, 597 00:34:11,413 --> 00:34:15,000 they have civilization crafted by a god 598 00:34:15,103 --> 00:34:18,103 for their greatest benefit. 599 00:34:18,172 --> 00:34:23,206 SHATNER: Were the Atlanteans really supernatural beings 600 00:34:23,310 --> 00:34:26,724 with advanced technology who descended from a god? 601 00:34:26,827 --> 00:34:30,896 Sounds like a wild fantasy. 602 00:34:30,965 --> 00:34:34,275 But, just like the rest of the Atlantis story, 603 00:34:34,344 --> 00:34:37,793 it begs the question: is there any way 604 00:34:37,862 --> 00:34:40,517 that it could possibly be true? 605 00:34:40,620 --> 00:34:46,275 Plato said the Atlanteans were the children of the gods. 606 00:34:46,344 --> 00:34:48,793 They were hybrid beings. 607 00:34:48,862 --> 00:34:51,482 They were part human, part god, 608 00:34:51,586 --> 00:34:55,103 where the gods have created this race of beings. 609 00:34:55,206 --> 00:34:58,655 Many people have long believed that this story is true, 610 00:34:58,724 --> 00:35:00,034 but they weren't really gods, 611 00:35:00,137 --> 00:35:02,068 they were actually extraterrestrials, 612 00:35:02,172 --> 00:35:04,655 and they mated with human females 613 00:35:04,724 --> 00:35:06,413 and created a hybrid race. 614 00:35:06,482 --> 00:35:10,724 This is a story that has all kinds of hallmarks 615 00:35:10,827 --> 00:35:13,862 of genetic engineering and the influence of 616 00:35:13,965 --> 00:35:16,965 an extraterrestrial with this technology. 617 00:35:17,068 --> 00:35:19,379 It sounds like quite a far-out idea, 618 00:35:19,482 --> 00:35:23,344 but there's a lot of analogies in myths 619 00:35:23,413 --> 00:35:25,413 that don't really make sense unless you look at it 620 00:35:25,517 --> 00:35:28,586 - from a technical perspective. - [thunder crashes] 621 00:35:28,689 --> 00:35:30,689 HENRY: In Plato's dialogues, he makes it clear that 622 00:35:30,793 --> 00:35:34,379 Atlantis is a place of genuine history. 623 00:35:34,448 --> 00:35:37,068 So what the story is actually telling us 624 00:35:37,137 --> 00:35:40,310 is that there were actual beings that came to Earth 625 00:35:40,413 --> 00:35:44,965 and influenced human affairs by creating hybrid offspring. 626 00:35:47,862 --> 00:35:50,586 SHATNER: Extraterrestrial hybrids. 627 00:35:50,689 --> 00:35:53,068 If this fascinating theory is true, 628 00:35:53,172 --> 00:35:55,413 could it be that the advanced technology 629 00:35:55,517 --> 00:35:59,482 associated with Atlantis was brought to Earth... 630 00:35:59,586 --> 00:36:01,620 from another world? 631 00:36:01,724 --> 00:36:05,000 And perhaps more profoundly, if the Atlanteans 632 00:36:05,103 --> 00:36:07,482 descended from extraterrestrials, 633 00:36:07,586 --> 00:36:13,068 could it be that they didn't just disappear, 634 00:36:13,172 --> 00:36:15,689 but actually went home? 635 00:36:17,310 --> 00:36:19,620 One of the big problems of Atlantis 636 00:36:19,689 --> 00:36:21,931 is where is it? Where did it go? 637 00:36:23,206 --> 00:36:25,000 There's so many places around the world 638 00:36:25,068 --> 00:36:28,103 that Atlantis is said to have existed: 639 00:36:28,172 --> 00:36:33,827 Antarctica, the Mediterranean, Cuba and other places. 640 00:36:33,896 --> 00:36:36,275 One of the ideas is that it actually was 641 00:36:36,344 --> 00:36:39,896 some kind of spaceship that lifted off 642 00:36:39,965 --> 00:36:43,172 and then would go and land in another location. 643 00:36:43,275 --> 00:36:45,206 So many of the stories we often find in Greek myths 644 00:36:45,275 --> 00:36:49,379 do talk about these stars falling from the sky 645 00:36:49,448 --> 00:36:52,344 and creating these islands in the ocean. 646 00:36:52,448 --> 00:36:56,827 So Atlantis could have actually took off and left Earth. 647 00:36:56,931 --> 00:37:01,241 HENRY: Cultures all around the world talk about humans deciding 648 00:37:01,310 --> 00:37:03,103 to ascend or leave the planet because of 649 00:37:03,172 --> 00:37:04,517 an impending cataclysm; 650 00:37:04,620 --> 00:37:07,000 a coming apocalypse, like a great flood 651 00:37:07,068 --> 00:37:09,413 or a cataclysm of that nature. 652 00:37:09,517 --> 00:37:12,310 And this is what we might be seeing in Atlantis, 653 00:37:12,379 --> 00:37:14,344 where they know this cataclysm's coming, 654 00:37:14,413 --> 00:37:18,068 and they decide it's time to move into the stars. 655 00:37:20,000 --> 00:37:23,517 SHATNER: Atlantis a spaceship? 656 00:37:23,586 --> 00:37:25,965 It's an audacious theory. 657 00:37:26,034 --> 00:37:27,931 Which, perhaps, is what you must expect 658 00:37:28,034 --> 00:37:29,931 when an entire continent vanishes 659 00:37:30,034 --> 00:37:31,655 from the face of the earth. 660 00:37:32,965 --> 00:37:37,586 But... did Atlantis really leave no trace? 661 00:37:37,689 --> 00:37:42,551 Or, in fact, could there be a reflection of the lost continent 662 00:37:42,620 --> 00:37:44,000 in the modern world, 663 00:37:44,068 --> 00:37:45,413 and in the last place 664 00:37:45,482 --> 00:37:50,034 anyone would expect to find it? 665 00:37:55,241 --> 00:37:59,068 SHATNER: Orlando, Florida. 1966. 666 00:37:59,137 --> 00:38:01,689 Only months before his death, 667 00:38:01,793 --> 00:38:06,620 Walt Disney announces his most ambitious project to date. 668 00:38:06,724 --> 00:38:08,724 DAVE BOSSERT: In 1966, 669 00:38:08,827 --> 00:38:13,620 really one of the last things that Walt talked about publicly 670 00:38:13,724 --> 00:38:18,172 was his designs for EPCOT, 671 00:38:18,275 --> 00:38:24,310 which stands for Experimental Prototype City of Tomorrow. 672 00:38:25,758 --> 00:38:29,068 And he had been amassing property 673 00:38:29,137 --> 00:38:32,482 in the Orlando area of Florida for a number of years 674 00:38:32,586 --> 00:38:35,275 before he finally made this announcement. 675 00:38:35,379 --> 00:38:38,206 SHATNER: In the years following Disney's death, 676 00:38:38,310 --> 00:38:40,896 the EPCOT project moved forward. 677 00:38:40,965 --> 00:38:42,965 But without Disney's personal guidance, 678 00:38:43,068 --> 00:38:45,448 his ambitious plans were scaled back. 679 00:38:46,586 --> 00:38:48,137 In his original vision, 680 00:38:48,241 --> 00:38:51,103 EPCOT was to be not just a tourist attraction, 681 00:38:51,172 --> 00:38:53,620 but an actual city, 682 00:38:53,689 --> 00:38:56,862 a place where thousands would live and work-- 683 00:38:56,965 --> 00:38:58,827 a utopia. 684 00:38:58,896 --> 00:39:01,448 BOSSERT: The designers, the Imagineers, 685 00:39:01,551 --> 00:39:03,482 Walt Disney, were all looking to see 686 00:39:03,551 --> 00:39:07,103 if they could create this utopian society. 687 00:39:07,206 --> 00:39:10,379 And you have to remember, as they were designing this, 688 00:39:10,482 --> 00:39:15,206 there was the cultural upheaval of the 1960s starting to go on. 689 00:39:15,275 --> 00:39:17,586 SHATNER: But there's one thing 690 00:39:17,689 --> 00:39:20,137 few people know about EPCOT. 691 00:39:20,241 --> 00:39:22,551 Both Disney's original design 692 00:39:22,620 --> 00:39:25,551 and the version that was ultimately built 693 00:39:25,655 --> 00:39:29,000 resemble, to a remarkable degree, 694 00:39:29,103 --> 00:39:31,931 Plato's description of Atlantis, 695 00:39:32,000 --> 00:39:35,448 right down to the concentric rings. 696 00:39:36,379 --> 00:39:40,344 So, with EPCOT, you had this center core, 697 00:39:40,448 --> 00:39:42,137 which would have been the office buildings 698 00:39:42,241 --> 00:39:44,103 and live industry, 699 00:39:44,172 --> 00:39:46,275 and you had these concentric rings 700 00:39:46,379 --> 00:39:48,517 that radiated out from that, 701 00:39:48,586 --> 00:39:52,827 with greenbelts separating different areas, 702 00:39:52,931 --> 00:39:57,448 and this is very similar to the description that Plato gave. 703 00:39:57,517 --> 00:40:00,551 And instead of greenbelts, they were waterways. 704 00:40:02,344 --> 00:40:05,896 SHATNER: Was Walt Disney creating a modern-day Atlantis, 705 00:40:06,000 --> 00:40:08,172 perhaps without even realizing it? 706 00:40:08,275 --> 00:40:10,275 BOSSERT: No one really knows 707 00:40:10,379 --> 00:40:13,379 what were those thoughts that floated through his head 708 00:40:13,448 --> 00:40:17,034 about the lost city of Atlantis. 709 00:40:17,137 --> 00:40:19,000 What was he thinking about it? 710 00:40:19,103 --> 00:40:20,827 What did he believe? 711 00:40:20,896 --> 00:40:22,551 We'll never know that. 712 00:40:22,620 --> 00:40:26,000 I firmly believe that if Walt Disney 713 00:40:26,103 --> 00:40:28,482 had lived another 20 years, 714 00:40:28,586 --> 00:40:32,896 we may have seen his vision of EPCOT 715 00:40:33,000 --> 00:40:35,689 really be a modern-day version 716 00:40:35,758 --> 00:40:38,172 of the lost city of Atlantis. 717 00:40:39,896 --> 00:40:41,310 ♪ ♪ 718 00:40:41,379 --> 00:40:43,793 McNEILL: The idea of a utopian society 719 00:40:43,896 --> 00:40:47,655 has always captured imaginations. 720 00:40:47,724 --> 00:40:51,310 And the way that this intentionally planned community 721 00:40:51,379 --> 00:40:55,931 was conceived and designed and executed 722 00:40:56,000 --> 00:40:58,758 speaks to the power 723 00:40:58,827 --> 00:41:02,310 of those models of utopian societies that have come to us 724 00:41:02,379 --> 00:41:05,448 out of antiquity and tradition. 725 00:41:05,517 --> 00:41:08,275 Whether it's actually still there to be found, 726 00:41:08,379 --> 00:41:11,068 or whether it's been so badly destroyed 727 00:41:11,137 --> 00:41:13,172 that no evidence of it remains, 728 00:41:13,241 --> 00:41:15,448 what's really happened to Atlantis, we don't know, 729 00:41:15,551 --> 00:41:18,275 but I think one day we'll find evidence of it. 730 00:41:21,068 --> 00:41:23,310 Could an advanced civilization, 731 00:41:23,379 --> 00:41:27,931 with technology beyond our wildest dreams, 732 00:41:28,000 --> 00:41:31,689 have existed here on Earth thousands of years ago? 733 00:41:32,620 --> 00:41:35,379 It's certainly a compelling notion. 734 00:41:35,448 --> 00:41:39,793 But maybe Atlantis was always meant to be a myth, 735 00:41:39,862 --> 00:41:43,931 a utopian city that was conceived as an elusive goal 736 00:41:44,000 --> 00:41:45,965 for mankind to achieve, 737 00:41:46,068 --> 00:41:49,517 like Camelot or Shangri-la. 738 00:41:49,620 --> 00:41:52,137 In any case, if Atlantis did exist, 739 00:41:52,241 --> 00:41:54,448 let's hope that someday we find it. 740 00:41:54,517 --> 00:41:57,586 It would be a shame if all those legendary wonders 741 00:41:57,689 --> 00:42:01,793 stayed hidden and those secrets remained... 742 00:42:01,862 --> 00:42:03,724 unexplained. 743 00:42:03,827 --> 00:42:06,413 CAPTIONING PROVIDED BY A+E NETWORKS 59886

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