Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated:
1
00:00:06,000 --> 00:00:12,074
Advertise your product or brand here
contact www.SubtitleDB.org today
2
00:00:33,683 --> 00:00:36,099
In March 1933,
3
00:00:36,225 --> 00:00:40,725
17,264,296 Germans
voted for the National Socialist Party.
4
00:00:45,517 --> 00:00:50,017
20,680,000 others
cast their vote for Democrats,
5
00:00:50,892 --> 00:00:55,392
Communists, Christian Socialists,
People's Party, etc. etc.
6
00:00:57,058 --> 00:01:01,558
Lack of unity among these parties
opposing the Nazis proved fatal.
7
00:01:02,183 --> 00:01:04,808
The National Socialist Party
was in power.
8
00:01:48,517 --> 00:01:51,433
They made many claims
and many promises.
9
00:01:52,683 --> 00:01:55,391
'The German people rejoice
10
00:01:55,517 --> 00:01:59,892
'in the knowledge
that chaos and cowardice
11
00:02:00,017 --> 00:02:04,517
'have been replaced
by a calm, steadfast leader.'
12
00:02:07,433 --> 00:02:11,724
The German people had
embarked on that long, incredible journey
13
00:02:11,850 --> 00:02:16,225
that led seemingly out of chaos
to unprecedented triumph.
14
00:02:21,142 --> 00:02:24,017
Promise after promise
had been fulfilled.
15
00:02:24,725 --> 00:02:27,725
Austria and Czechoslovakia 1938,
16
00:02:27,850 --> 00:02:30,225
Poland 1939,
17
00:02:30,350 --> 00:02:33,600
Norway, Denmark and France
in quick succession.
18
00:02:34,600 --> 00:02:37,225
A place in the sun at last.
19
00:02:38,308 --> 00:02:42,016
True, they had lost their Trade Unions
and a lot of books had been burned,
20
00:02:42,642 --> 00:02:44,850
but it seemed a good sort of bargain,
21
00:02:44,975 --> 00:02:48,141
and one got to like
being told what to do,
22
00:02:48,267 --> 00:02:51,100
having one's views prescribed,
23
00:02:51,225 --> 00:02:53,641
especially if it meant a vista bright
24
00:02:53,767 --> 00:02:57,392
with the promise of grandeur
and conquest.
25
00:03:57,600 --> 00:04:02,100
In the spring of 1945, the Allies,
advancing into the heart of Germany,
26
00:04:02,682 --> 00:04:04,557
came to Bergen-Belsen.
27
00:04:05,517 --> 00:04:07,725
Neat and tidy orchards.
28
00:04:09,307 --> 00:04:12,349
Well-stocked farms lined the wayside.
29
00:04:13,975 --> 00:04:18,475
And the British soldier did not fail
to admire the place and its inhabitants.
30
00:04:19,892 --> 00:04:23,892
At least until he began to feel a smell.
31
00:04:25,433 --> 00:04:28,266
It came from a concentration camp,
32
00:04:28,392 --> 00:04:31,308
a waste ringed with barbed wire
33
00:04:31,433 --> 00:04:33,391
and overlooked by watchtowers.
34
00:04:38,642 --> 00:04:43,058
Coming in from the flowering countryside,
in spite of the frightful smell,
35
00:04:43,183 --> 00:04:45,683
things didn't seem so bad at first.
36
00:04:45,808 --> 00:04:48,224
Children smiled through the barbed wire
37
00:04:48,350 --> 00:04:51,183
and women laughed
and waved their hands.
38
00:05:01,433 --> 00:05:05,474
But Belsen camp was vast
and inside was a different story.
39
00:05:06,517 --> 00:05:08,100
They had not eaten for six days,
40
00:05:08,225 --> 00:05:12,100
and every soldier's stock of food
was called into use.
41
00:05:12,225 --> 00:05:13,850
Water too had been cut off
42
00:05:13,975 --> 00:05:17,641
and so the water cart was
the most important thing to arrive.
43
00:05:32,267 --> 00:05:34,933
Most of the people
seemed to be listless,
44
00:05:35,058 --> 00:05:37,558
beyond hope and astonishment.
45
00:05:38,183 --> 00:05:41,183
Hunger had probably
affected them that way.
46
00:05:41,308 --> 00:05:43,849
We discovered that among this stench
of disease and decay
47
00:05:43,975 --> 00:05:46,266
was something
a bit worse than hunger.
48
00:05:47,392 --> 00:05:50,892
Moving vaguely
on rickety skeleton legs,
49
00:05:51,017 --> 00:05:52,683
they were too ill to eat.
50
00:05:53,808 --> 00:05:57,266
How grateful they were
for a kindly word or gesture!
51
00:06:04,850 --> 00:06:08,850
What misery, to live amongst
such unmentionable filth
52
00:06:08,975 --> 00:06:11,308
with scarcely the strength
to pick the lice
53
00:06:11,433 --> 00:06:14,141
which inevitably swarmed over them.
54
00:06:14,267 --> 00:06:17,058
They seemed accustomed
to the smell and the horror.
55
00:06:17,183 --> 00:06:20,099
They had seen all there was to see.
56
00:06:20,850 --> 00:06:23,183
This man had died by violence.
57
00:06:24,225 --> 00:06:26,975
Huts were almost impossible
to go near-
58
00:06:27,100 --> 00:06:29,516
they were full of
tangled masses of people
59
00:06:29,642 --> 00:06:33,600
who had died slowly and painfully
of starvation and disease,
60
00:06:33,725 --> 00:06:35,225
writhing in agony,
61
00:06:35,350 --> 00:06:37,558
helpless in puddles of excrement.
62
00:06:39,100 --> 00:06:42,183
It was difficult to imagine
these orchards now,
63
00:06:42,308 --> 00:06:46,808
those rich fields where the stolid cattle
cropped the juicy grass,
64
00:06:47,267 --> 00:06:51,142
for here, a few minutes away
inside the barbed wire,
65
00:06:51,267 --> 00:06:53,725
was nothing but filth and death.
66
00:07:07,600 --> 00:07:11,433
Dead prisoners hurled out
and stacked in twisted heaps.
67
00:07:15,517 --> 00:07:18,933
Dead women like
marble statues in the mire.
68
00:07:25,517 --> 00:07:29,642
This was what these inmates
had to live among -
69
00:07:29,767 --> 00:07:31,892
and die among.
70
00:07:51,142 --> 00:07:55,267
The dead which lay there
were not numbered in hundreds,
71
00:07:55,392 --> 00:07:57,017
but in thousands.
72
00:07:57,683 --> 00:07:59,891
Not one or two thousands,
73
00:08:00,725 --> 00:08:02,433
but 30,000.
74
00:08:06,642 --> 00:08:10,975
Here is a pit where the inmates,
in order to earn food,
75
00:08:11,100 --> 00:08:13,766
had to drag the bodies
of their comrades,
76
00:08:14,267 --> 00:08:18,350
but they were too weak to keep up
with the rate at which they were dying,
77
00:08:18,475 --> 00:08:21,808
so the pit remains only half-filled.
78
00:08:35,017 --> 00:08:37,600
The SS Guards
in charge of the camp
79
00:08:37,725 --> 00:08:40,516
were captured
and lined up for examination.
80
00:08:41,183 --> 00:08:44,516
Their papers were gone through
to confirm their status,
81
00:08:44,642 --> 00:08:46,142
their authority.
82
00:08:46,267 --> 00:08:49,142
Each with his death's head badge.
83
00:08:49,267 --> 00:08:51,767
Each justified by German law.
84
00:08:52,517 --> 00:08:56,392
They were unashamed, well-fed,
well-dressed and cheerful.
85
00:09:05,183 --> 00:09:08,099
There were women
also on guard in Belsen.
86
00:09:08,225 --> 00:09:11,016
Volunteers who came
of their own free will,
87
00:09:11,142 --> 00:09:13,017
to do their bit.
88
00:09:13,850 --> 00:09:16,600
Not sickly pale with hollow faces,
and hungry eyes,
89
00:09:17,350 --> 00:09:21,350
but well-fed and well-kept
with a strutting arrogance.
90
00:09:26,017 --> 00:09:27,892
The commandant of the camp,
Josef Kramer,
91
00:09:28,017 --> 00:09:32,267
was removed for trial as a war criminal
by an Allied Military Court.
92
00:09:33,600 --> 00:09:34,808
There was an urgent need
93
00:09:34,933 --> 00:09:38,058
to get rid of as many bodies as possible
as quickly as possible,
94
00:09:38,183 --> 00:09:39,974
so all the S.S. were set to work.
95
00:09:49,308 --> 00:09:51,933
500 Hungarian troops
captured with the S.S.
96
00:09:52,058 --> 00:09:54,891
were started
on a grave-digging operation.
97
00:10:14,142 --> 00:10:17,017
The 8.8. themselves
were made to do the unpleasant job
98
00:10:17,142 --> 00:10:19,350
they had forced the inmates to do.
99
00:10:20,225 --> 00:10:23,558
This after all was nothing
to these men -
100
00:10:23,683 --> 00:10:27,266
they, the Master Race,
had been taught to be hard.
101
00:10:27,392 --> 00:10:29,558
They could kill in cold blood,
102
00:10:29,683 --> 00:10:32,724
and it seemed to the British soldier
fit and proper that the killers
103
00:10:32,850 --> 00:10:35,725
should bury the nameless,
hopeless creatures
104
00:10:35,850 --> 00:10:38,391
they had starved to death.
105
00:11:03,142 --> 00:11:06,725
The faces of the bystanders
showed just a little of the hate
106
00:11:06,850 --> 00:11:09,225
that Germany has inspired.
107
00:11:14,183 --> 00:11:16,183
And some of the anguish, too.
108
00:14:26,017 --> 00:14:27,517
Meanwhile, back at the camp,
109
00:14:27,642 --> 00:14:30,767
those who were still living
were being attended to.
110
00:14:30,892 --> 00:14:32,975
Supplies of hot soup were prepared,
111
00:14:33,100 --> 00:14:37,058
and those who could eat unaided
were fed as quickly as possible.
112
00:14:53,725 --> 00:14:56,850
There had been no water supply
for six days.
113
00:14:56,975 --> 00:14:59,850
The Germans pleaded it had been cut.
114
00:14:59,975 --> 00:15:03,475
We laid on water in a few hours
and before 12 hours had passed
115
00:15:03,600 --> 00:15:06,266
had sufficient to enable them to wash.
116
00:15:09,933 --> 00:15:13,599
Soap was provided,
the first they had seen for months,
117
00:15:13,725 --> 00:15:16,266
and an orgy of washing ensued.
118
00:15:25,600 --> 00:15:30,100
A mobile bath unit was set up
and provided hot water for baths.
119
00:15:34,683 --> 00:15:36,891
Inmates thought
there was a snag at first -
120
00:15:37,017 --> 00:15:40,183
expected to be beaten
for going near it probably,
121
00:15:40,308 --> 00:15:42,558
but when they learned
that the dream was true -
122
00:15:43,600 --> 00:15:45,266
hot water!
123
00:16:37,100 --> 00:16:41,600
And these are the people
the Nazis said delighted in being dirty.
124
00:17:07,808 --> 00:17:10,724
But the job of clearing up Belsen
was a big one.
125
00:17:10,850 --> 00:17:14,433
After seven dreadful days,
the funerals still go on.
126
00:17:14,558 --> 00:17:16,141
There seems to be no end.
127
00:17:16,267 --> 00:17:19,225
The S.S. men are not so spick
and span now.
128
00:17:19,350 --> 00:17:21,600
Seven days of being shouted
and cursed at
129
00:17:21,725 --> 00:17:24,725
and handling corpses by the hundred
are beginning to tell.
130
00:17:26,142 --> 00:17:30,058
'Wait! You'll pay for the lost years
of our youth.
131
00:17:30,183 --> 00:17:31,683
'Just wait.'
132
00:17:36,392 --> 00:17:39,308
The B�rgemeisters
and Civil Officials of the neighbourhood
133
00:17:39,433 --> 00:17:41,974
were brought to witness
the scenes that had been caused
134
00:17:42,100 --> 00:17:44,350
as part of the Nazi scheme of things.
135
00:17:45,142 --> 00:17:47,683
This was not what they expected.
136
00:18:12,808 --> 00:18:15,183
It had been happening for years,
137
00:18:15,308 --> 00:18:17,474
but they shrugged their shoulders
and beat their brows
138
00:18:17,600 --> 00:18:20,475
and tried to say it had been
none of their business.
139
00:18:21,600 --> 00:18:23,933
But they were mostly silent.
140
00:20:16,642 --> 00:20:19,975
'My name is Dr Fritz Klein.
I'm a medical doctor.
141
00:20:20,100 --> 00:20:24,141
'I've been in concentration camps
for one and a half years.
142
00:20:24,267 --> 00:20:28,558
'I was born on 24th November 1888.
143
00:20:28,683 --> 00:20:30,974
'I'm 58 years old.
144
00:20:31,725 --> 00:20:33,766
'A German from Romania.
145
00:20:35,392 --> 00:20:39,892
'I'm speaking today,
24th April 1945.'
146
00:20:42,058 --> 00:20:44,349
They were given an address
by a British officer
147
00:20:44,475 --> 00:20:46,391
through a loudspeaker van.
148
00:20:48,517 --> 00:20:52,892
'You, the fathers and brothers
of German youth,
149
00:20:53,892 --> 00:20:58,392
'see before your eyes
a few of the sons and daughters
150
00:21:00,725 --> 00:21:05,225
'who bear a small part of the
direct responsibility for these crimes.
151
00:21:09,725 --> 00:21:12,016
'A small part,
152
00:21:12,142 --> 00:21:16,642
'but heavier than
the human soul can bear.
153
00:21:19,767 --> 00:21:22,600
'But who bears the real responsibility?
154
00:21:23,558 --> 00:21:28,058
'You! You, who have allowed
your Fuhrer
155
00:21:28,225 --> 00:21:32,725
'to carry out his insane plans.
156
00:21:33,933 --> 00:21:38,433
'You, who rejoiced
in his degenerate triumphs.
157
00:21:42,642 --> 00:21:47,142
'You, who had heard of these camps,
158
00:21:47,683 --> 00:21:52,183
'and so had a vague idea of
what was happening in these camps.
159
00:21:55,558 --> 00:22:00,058
'You, who did not rise spontaneously
160
00:22:01,183 --> 00:22:04,766
'to defend the German name,
161
00:22:04,892 --> 00:22:09,225
'regardless of the personal consequences.
162
00:22:11,308 --> 00:22:15,808
'You stand condemned
by what you are about to see here.
163
00:22:18,850 --> 00:22:23,350
'You will have to atone
by toil and sweat
164
00:22:23,683 --> 00:22:27,724
'for the deeds
of your sons and daughters,
165
00:22:27,850 --> 00:22:31,266
'for having reared your children
to be capable of doing these things,
166
00:22:31,392 --> 00:22:35,017
'and for what you have failed
to prevent.
167
00:22:36,558 --> 00:22:39,183
'Whatever you suffer...'
168
00:22:39,308 --> 00:22:41,891
One might ask
why all the inmates surviving
169
00:22:42,017 --> 00:22:46,475
were not removed out of the camp
altogether to a large town for example,
170
00:22:46,600 --> 00:22:49,558
where there would be feeding
and housing facilities.
171
00:22:49,683 --> 00:22:52,016
The answer is simply the dread word -
172
00:22:52,142 --> 00:22:53,433
typhus.
173
00:22:56,475 --> 00:23:00,516
A mobile Bacteriological Unit
and all medical aid possible
174
00:23:00,642 --> 00:23:03,433
together with 90 medical students
from London hospitals
175
00:23:03,558 --> 00:23:06,141
were rushed to the spot
to deal with it.
176
00:23:06,767 --> 00:23:09,850
Lack of soap and water
brought lice to the inmates,
177
00:23:09,975 --> 00:23:11,475
and lice carry typhus.
178
00:23:38,683 --> 00:23:42,683
To get rid of typhus,
one must first get rid of lice,
179
00:23:42,808 --> 00:23:45,933
so contaminated patients
were removed from their huts
180
00:23:46,058 --> 00:23:48,641
and put through a 'laundry' process.
181
00:23:49,933 --> 00:23:52,099
D.D.T. was dusted over them,
182
00:23:52,225 --> 00:23:55,350
and they were washed clean,
wrapped in blankets
183
00:23:55,475 --> 00:23:59,100
and removed in clean ambulances
by teams working in relays
184
00:23:59,225 --> 00:24:01,391
in a miracle of relief work.
185
00:25:06,475 --> 00:25:08,100
Two miles away from the camp
186
00:25:08,225 --> 00:25:12,308
was found a large S.S. Panzer
training school and hospital
187
00:25:12,433 --> 00:25:14,974
well-stocked with medical supplies.
188
00:25:15,683 --> 00:25:18,891
Strange that these should
not have been used by the Germans
189
00:25:19,017 --> 00:25:21,058
for the inmates.
190
00:25:21,183 --> 00:25:24,016
Scores still died every day.
191
00:25:24,142 --> 00:25:26,933
They were too far gone, many of them,
to digest any food,
192
00:25:27,642 --> 00:25:30,558
and there was a desperate shortage
of nursing staff.
193
00:25:30,683 --> 00:25:32,099
Still, one could be thankful
194
00:25:32,225 --> 00:25:35,433
that they were not simply being left
to rot away with neglect
195
00:25:35,558 --> 00:25:38,183
among a purulent mass of corpses.
196
00:25:39,517 --> 00:25:41,892
There were children, too,
in Belsen camp,
197
00:25:42,017 --> 00:25:44,725
though what crime they had committed
was difficult to imagine.
198
00:25:45,808 --> 00:25:48,766
Most of them had been saved
by the women inmates
199
00:25:48,892 --> 00:25:52,892
who gave up what little food
they could get to the children.
200
00:26:10,892 --> 00:26:14,767
Meals for these children had
always been few and far between,
201
00:26:14,892 --> 00:26:18,350
so they ate what food we gave them
with infinite care -
202
00:26:18,475 --> 00:26:19,933
nothing could be more dreadful now
203
00:26:20,058 --> 00:26:23,641
than to lose a piece of potato
or a drop of soup.
204
00:26:31,683 --> 00:26:36,183
Clothes was another urgent problem,
so an outfitting department was set up,
205
00:26:37,100 --> 00:26:40,141
and clothes gathered from shops
in the surrounding towns
206
00:26:40,267 --> 00:26:43,517
were soon being tried on
and gossiped over,
207
00:26:43,642 --> 00:26:45,142
as women love to do.
208
00:27:11,517 --> 00:27:14,767
There was something symbolic
about new clothes.
209
00:27:14,892 --> 00:27:17,517
New clothes meant renewed hope.
210
00:27:17,642 --> 00:27:20,017
They donned them with pride.
211
00:27:20,433 --> 00:27:24,058
Now he can look forward to growing up
to useful manhood.
212
00:27:28,558 --> 00:27:31,724
There were more than 200 children
under 12 years old
213
00:27:31,850 --> 00:27:34,225
found still alive in Belsen camp.
214
00:27:37,808 --> 00:27:42,266
To these children, clean dry clothes
and kind words from a stranger
215
00:27:42,392 --> 00:27:45,642
were strange, undreamed of,
mysterious things.
216
00:27:47,225 --> 00:27:50,641
Some had been born
behind the barbed wire -
217
00:27:50,767 --> 00:27:54,767
in what circumstances,
one dare not try to imagine.
218
00:28:09,725 --> 00:28:11,891
Where are their parents?
219
00:28:14,808 --> 00:28:16,683
Here perhaps?
220
00:28:31,058 --> 00:28:32,516
Or here?
221
00:28:48,183 --> 00:28:50,683
Or down here in this pit?
222
00:29:05,308 --> 00:29:08,516
'Today is the 24th April, 1945.
223
00:29:08,642 --> 00:29:11,183
'My name is Gunner lllingworth
and I live at Cheshire.
224
00:29:11,308 --> 00:29:15,224
'I'm at present in Belsen camp,
doing guard duty over the S.S. men.
225
00:29:15,350 --> 00:29:18,975
'The things in this camp
are beyond describing.
226
00:29:19,100 --> 00:29:22,766
'When you actually see them for yourself,
you know what you are fighting for here.
227
00:29:22,892 --> 00:29:26,433
'Pictures in the papers
cannot describe it at all.
228
00:29:26,558 --> 00:29:29,099
'The things they have committed, well,
229
00:29:29,225 --> 00:29:31,850
'nobody would think
they were human at all.
230
00:29:33,183 --> 00:29:35,516
'We actually know now
231
00:29:35,642 --> 00:29:38,142
'what has been going on
in these camps.
232
00:29:38,267 --> 00:29:41,892
'And I know, personally,
what I am fighting for.'
233
00:29:43,142 --> 00:29:45,850
'I am the Reverend T.J. Stretch.
234
00:29:45,975 --> 00:29:50,475
'Attached as Padre to the formation
controlling this camp.
235
00:29:51,100 --> 00:29:52,933
'My home is at Fishguard.
236
00:29:53,058 --> 00:29:56,098
'My parish is at Holy Trinity Church,
Aberystwyth.
237
00:29:57,433 --> 00:29:59,473
'I've been here eight days,
238
00:29:59,600 --> 00:30:02,933
'and never in my life have I seen
such damnable ghastliness.
239
00:30:04,058 --> 00:30:06,473
'This morning we buried
over 5,000 bodies.
240
00:30:06,600 --> 00:30:08,683
'We don't know who they are.
241
00:30:08,808 --> 00:30:12,933
'Behind me you can see a pit,
which will contain another 5,000.
242
00:30:13,058 --> 00:30:15,808
'There are two others like it
in preparation.
243
00:30:16,725 --> 00:30:20,100
'All these deaths have been caused
by systematic starvation
244
00:30:20,225 --> 00:30:22,266
'and typhus and disease,
245
00:30:22,392 --> 00:30:24,142
'which have been spread
246
00:30:24,267 --> 00:30:27,642
'because of the treatment meted out
to these poor people
247
00:30:27,767 --> 00:30:30,850
'by their S.S. guards
and their S.S. chief.'
248
00:30:33,892 --> 00:30:37,183
(Narrator) We shall never know who they
were or from what homes they were torn.
249
00:30:38,600 --> 00:30:41,641
Whether they were Catholics,
Lutherans, or Jews.
250
00:30:42,600 --> 00:30:44,475
We only know they were born,
251
00:30:44,600 --> 00:30:48,225
they suffered and died in agony
in Belsen camp.
252
00:31:18,392 --> 00:31:22,892
And so they lie,
Jews, Lutherans and Catholics -
253
00:31:23,558 --> 00:31:27,974
indistinguishable, cheek to cheek,
in a common grave.
254
00:31:36,267 --> 00:31:39,100
The living have been taken
to a cleaner place.
255
00:31:57,225 --> 00:31:59,933
The typhus infected huts are set afire.
256
00:33:09,808 --> 00:33:12,016
The barbed wire goes down.
257
00:33:16,725 --> 00:33:19,266
The striped livery goes with it.
258
00:33:25,767 --> 00:33:29,933
Soon the fire will die,
the smoke and ashes will drift away,
259
00:33:30,058 --> 00:33:32,391
and grass will cover the place.
260
00:33:55,683 --> 00:33:58,141
Do not imagine
this was the only black spot
261
00:33:58,267 --> 00:34:00,600
that was uncovered in Germany.
262
00:34:06,725 --> 00:34:09,100
There were over 300 others.
263
00:34:26,892 --> 00:34:30,225
No German can say
he did not know about them.
264
00:34:30,350 --> 00:34:32,808
The whole world
had heard of Dachau,
265
00:34:32,933 --> 00:34:35,891
for it was publicised by the Nazis
as a model camp
266
00:34:36,017 --> 00:34:39,225
even since its inception
way back in 1933.
267
00:34:40,225 --> 00:34:44,058
On 28th February of that year,
the Presidential Emergency Decree
268
00:34:44,183 --> 00:34:47,349
suspended the basic civil rights
of the German people
269
00:34:47,475 --> 00:34:49,558
for an indeterminate period
270
00:34:49,683 --> 00:34:54,099
and so eliminated legal safeguards
against arbitrary imprisonment.
271
00:35:03,892 --> 00:35:06,642
WORK SETS YOU FREE
272
00:35:16,267 --> 00:35:20,767
Here were 32,000 men
of every European nationality,
273
00:35:21,517 --> 00:35:25,475
including 5,660 Germans.
274
00:35:52,933 --> 00:35:55,516
From the outside,
one might at a casual glance
275
00:35:55,642 --> 00:35:58,725
have seen nothing remarkable
or horrifying,
276
00:35:58,850 --> 00:36:01,641
but Dachau was crammed
with three or four times
277
00:36:01,767 --> 00:36:04,142
the number it was designed for.
278
00:37:09,892 --> 00:37:13,642
Here, as at Belsen,
men knew hunger,
279
00:37:13,767 --> 00:37:17,017
men became weak,
men fell sick,
280
00:37:17,142 --> 00:37:19,350
until they died where they lay
on the floor.
281
00:37:41,517 --> 00:37:45,308
In Hut 30 alone,
there is recorded, for example,
282
00:37:45,433 --> 00:37:48,349
72 deaths within 24 hours.
283
00:37:57,642 --> 00:38:00,808
Every day, the dead
were taken from the huts.
284
00:38:32,517 --> 00:38:36,433
Here, as at Belsen, there were many
who were too weak to be saved,
285
00:38:36,558 --> 00:38:38,391
too sick to eat.
286
00:38:38,517 --> 00:38:42,017
Typhus was taking its toll
and truckloads of wretchedness
287
00:38:42,142 --> 00:38:46,475
had to be somehow dealt with
in the already overflowing hospitals.
288
00:39:28,767 --> 00:39:33,267
Dachau had its own brothel for the use
of guards and favoured prisoners.
289
00:39:33,683 --> 00:39:37,058
As the women died, they were replaced
by a fresh contingent
290
00:39:37,183 --> 00:39:39,891
from the women's camp at RavensbrUck.
291
00:39:55,975 --> 00:39:59,683
This was not used as a bath house,
but as a death chamber.
292
00:40:08,725 --> 00:40:11,808
Batches of prisoners
were marched in here to die.
293
00:40:27,558 --> 00:40:31,683
When the chamber was full,
the doors were shut and sealed.
294
00:40:32,392 --> 00:40:35,808
A man at the controls
let in the poison gas,
295
00:40:35,933 --> 00:40:38,141
and another batch of helpless victims
296
00:40:38,267 --> 00:40:41,267
screamed their lives out
beyond the grill.
297
00:40:47,892 --> 00:40:51,767
The gas chamber was conveniently
placed next to the mortuary,
298
00:40:51,892 --> 00:40:54,683
and next to that was the Crematorium.
299
00:40:57,392 --> 00:41:00,475
CLEANLINESS IS A DUTY HERE
300
00:41:00,600 --> 00:41:05,100
THEREFORE DO NOT FORGET
TO WASH YOUR HANDS
301
00:41:06,267 --> 00:41:09,225
These great ovens
were constructed exclusively
302
00:41:09,350 --> 00:41:11,516
for the burning
of large numbers of corpses.
303
00:41:24,767 --> 00:41:26,183
In the last three months,
304
00:41:26,308 --> 00:41:30,808
official records show that 10,615 people
were disposed of here.
305
00:41:32,933 --> 00:41:34,349
Their clothes were turned over
306
00:41:34,475 --> 00:41:37,933
to the Deutsche Textil-
und Bekleidungswerke GmbH,
307
00:41:38,058 --> 00:41:41,683
a private corporation
whose stockholders were S.S. officials,
308
00:41:41,808 --> 00:41:43,933
which reclaimed
and repaired the garments
309
00:41:44,058 --> 00:41:46,558
with the use of unpaid prison labour,
310
00:41:46,683 --> 00:41:49,474
and then re-sold them
to the camp clothing depot
311
00:41:49,600 --> 00:41:51,600
for the use of new prisoners.
312
00:41:58,808 --> 00:42:03,308
DANGER! GAS!
HAZARDOUS! DO NOT OPEN!
313
00:42:07,183 --> 00:42:10,683
The prisoners arrived often
in railway trucks.
314
00:42:10,808 --> 00:42:13,349
But there had been no hurry
to unload this one.
315
00:42:14,142 --> 00:42:16,725
They went away leaving
the prisoners to die of hunger,
316
00:42:16,850 --> 00:42:19,516
and cold, and typhus.
317
00:42:24,017 --> 00:42:25,600
We found them like this,
318
00:42:25,725 --> 00:42:29,850
frozen stiff in the snow
alongside a public road.
319
00:42:29,975 --> 00:42:33,100
By some miracle,
17 men were still alive.
320
00:42:34,142 --> 00:42:37,433
All the rest - about 3,000 - were dead.
321
00:42:43,225 --> 00:42:46,891
Germans knew about Dachau,
but did not care.
322
00:42:55,308 --> 00:42:57,891
In Buchenwald,
there were about 80,000
323
00:42:58,017 --> 00:43:02,517
of whom 34,000 were employed
outside the camp in an armaments factory.
324
00:43:03,267 --> 00:43:04,558
TO EACH HIS OWN
325
00:43:04,683 --> 00:43:06,224
During the first week of April,
326
00:43:06,350 --> 00:43:09,100
25,000 were removed by the Germans
to other camps
327
00:43:09,225 --> 00:43:11,850
because of the approach
of the Allied forces.
328
00:43:11,975 --> 00:43:14,558
When the camp was liberated
on April 13th,
329
00:43:14,683 --> 00:43:16,933
20,000 inmates remained.
330
00:43:17,058 --> 00:43:20,641
African Negroes,
Albanians, Austrians,
331
00:43:20,767 --> 00:43:25,267
Belgians, Brazilians, Bulgarians,
Canadians, Chinese,
332
00:43:26,100 --> 00:43:30,600
Croats, Czechs, Danes,
Egyptians, Estonians,
333
00:43:31,433 --> 00:43:35,933
French, Germans, British,
Greeks, Dutch, Italians,
334
00:43:37,267 --> 00:43:41,350
Yugoslavs, Latvians, Letts,
Luxembourgers,
335
00:43:41,475 --> 00:43:44,516
Norwegians, Mexicans, Poles,
336
00:43:44,642 --> 00:43:49,142
Romanians, Spaniards,
Swiss, Americans and Russians.
337
00:43:50,392 --> 00:43:53,933
55,000 of them died
because of this place.
338
00:43:54,058 --> 00:43:56,974
Here Schoker,
the camp commandant, said,
339
00:43:57,100 --> 00:44:01,600
"I want at least 600 Jewish deaths
reported in the camp office every day."
340
00:44:02,683 --> 00:44:05,849
Thugs were appointed
as overseers or block leaders.
341
00:44:05,975 --> 00:44:08,808
People were tattooed across the belly
with slave numbers
342
00:44:08,933 --> 00:44:12,058
and forced to work on starvation diet.
343
00:44:34,642 --> 00:44:38,225
People were coldly
and systematically tortured.
344
00:44:48,308 --> 00:44:51,516
There was no efficient
distribution of food.
345
00:44:51,642 --> 00:44:55,767
One prisoner collected the rations
for ten or fifteen men.
346
00:44:55,892 --> 00:44:59,975
Hunger and hopelessness
turned some of them into beasts.
347
00:45:00,100 --> 00:45:02,433
Sometimes a prisoner
carrying rations back to the hut
348
00:45:02,558 --> 00:45:05,058
was waylaid and robbed
by other prisoners.
349
00:45:06,142 --> 00:45:09,433
Sometimes he ate the best part
of the food himself.
350
00:45:10,267 --> 00:45:12,100
Sometimes he sold it.
351
00:45:13,725 --> 00:45:18,016
Corruption was fostered,
for it gave another excuse for killing.
352
00:45:36,350 --> 00:45:39,808
All this seemed so remote
from humanity,
353
00:45:39,933 --> 00:45:43,058
so far beyond the behaviour of man.
354
00:46:23,142 --> 00:46:26,725
British Members of Parliament
came and saw,
355
00:46:26,850 --> 00:46:29,558
and were sick at heart.
356
00:46:29,683 --> 00:46:32,099
It had to be seen to be believed.
357
00:46:45,683 --> 00:46:48,599
German citizens
were brought in from Weimar.
358
00:46:48,725 --> 00:46:53,225
They had to see, too -
to see what they had been fighting for,
359
00:46:53,558 --> 00:46:55,266
and we had been fighting against.
360
00:46:58,058 --> 00:47:02,099
They came cheerfully, like sightseers,
to a chamber of horrors,
361
00:47:02,225 --> 00:47:05,475
for here indeed
were some real horrors.
362
00:47:12,142 --> 00:47:15,058
If a prisoner had
a curiously tattooed skin,
363
00:47:15,183 --> 00:47:17,558
it was taken from him.
364
00:47:17,683 --> 00:47:20,974
We can only hope he was dead
when it was done.
365
00:47:21,100 --> 00:47:25,100
The skin was tanned
and made into lampshades, etc.
366
00:47:28,725 --> 00:47:32,100
These shrunken heads
belonged to two Polish prisoners
367
00:47:32,225 --> 00:47:34,850
who had escaped and been recaptured.
368
00:47:42,642 --> 00:47:45,183
Some of the visitors
did not care for the sight
369
00:47:45,308 --> 00:47:47,308
and were assisted by ex-prisoners.
370
00:47:47,433 --> 00:47:48,766
They had been aware of the camp
371
00:47:48,892 --> 00:47:52,142
and had been willing to make use
of the cheap labour it provided -
372
00:47:52,267 --> 00:47:55,183
as long as they were
beyond smelling range of it.
373
00:48:01,892 --> 00:48:05,892
Ebensee is a holiday
resort in the mountains.
374
00:48:06,433 --> 00:48:08,349
The air is clean and pure.
375
00:48:09,308 --> 00:48:11,141
It cures sickness,
376
00:48:11,267 --> 00:48:13,267
and there is a sweetness
about the place.
377
00:48:14,058 --> 00:48:15,849
A gentle peace.
378
00:48:29,933 --> 00:48:34,433
In this place, the Luftwaffe
or S.S. Panzer officer on leave relaxes,
379
00:48:36,017 --> 00:48:39,058
eats well, breathes deeply,
380
00:48:39,183 --> 00:48:41,433
finds romance.
381
00:48:41,558 --> 00:48:45,058
Everything is charming
and picturesque.
382
00:48:49,267 --> 00:48:52,183
But the concentration camp
had become an integral part
383
00:48:52,308 --> 00:48:54,433
of the German economic system,
384
00:48:54,558 --> 00:48:56,599
so it was here, too.
385
00:48:57,475 --> 00:49:01,600
Able to see the mountains,
but what use are mountains without food?
386
00:49:17,642 --> 00:49:21,975
ENTERING THE CREMATORIUM
IS PROHIBITED WITHOUT EXCEPTION!
387
00:49:22,892 --> 00:49:27,017
Prisoners at Dachau and Buchenwald
dreaded being sent here.
388
00:49:27,892 --> 00:49:30,850
To them, this place
did not mean recuperation,
389
00:49:30,975 --> 00:49:32,391
only starvation,
390
00:49:32,517 --> 00:49:36,100
tuberculosis through
slavery in an underground factory,
391
00:49:36,225 --> 00:49:38,350
and finally left to cough one's life out
392
00:49:38,475 --> 00:49:42,975
unaided and crowded in the filth
and stench of a hut unfit for dogs,
393
00:49:44,100 --> 00:49:46,725
but for some reason called a hospital.
394
00:50:13,225 --> 00:50:17,641
The daily collection of corpses
was disposed of through this chimney.
395
00:50:31,725 --> 00:50:33,933
First used in 1938,
396
00:50:34,058 --> 00:50:36,891
this camp was the centre
of a group of subsidiary camps.
397
00:50:38,892 --> 00:50:42,850
40,000 people had died here
since the beginning of the year.
398
00:50:44,517 --> 00:50:47,975
Here, the gas chamber
held 200 at a time
399
00:50:48,100 --> 00:50:52,600
and the crematorium dealt
with 300 per day - every day.
400
00:51:09,600 --> 00:51:12,766
In the north of Germany,
it was the same story.
401
00:51:12,892 --> 00:51:16,933
The few who remained alive
were staggering on the verge of death.
402
00:51:25,308 --> 00:51:27,058
They were the survivors.
403
00:51:28,475 --> 00:51:30,808
And these were the rest-
404
00:51:30,933 --> 00:51:35,433
hurriedly murdered lest they be set free
to live a normal life.
405
00:52:01,600 --> 00:52:05,100
The authorities in the camps
took special measures
406
00:52:05,225 --> 00:52:09,558
to make sure that a man would
neither live normally nor die normally.
407
00:52:10,892 --> 00:52:13,100
Neither should he sleep normally.
408
00:52:16,017 --> 00:52:18,517
He was surrounded by barbed wire,
409
00:52:19,933 --> 00:52:23,266
and he had to sleep on barbed wire.
410
00:52:46,892 --> 00:52:49,558
Here was carnage and desolation.
411
00:52:52,267 --> 00:52:54,933
Prisoners had been dragged
from the sacks of straw
412
00:52:55,058 --> 00:52:57,516
in the hovels called hospitals,
413
00:52:57,642 --> 00:53:02,142
shot and hastily disposed of
by the first means to hand.
414
00:53:09,267 --> 00:53:11,767
There must have been
some feeling of guilt
415
00:53:11,892 --> 00:53:15,850
or presumably there would not have been
an attempt to destroy the evidence.
416
00:53:34,725 --> 00:53:36,350
In the outskirts of Leipzig,
417
00:53:36,475 --> 00:53:39,891
an effort was made to prevent
300 forced workers in a factory
418
00:53:40,017 --> 00:53:43,600
from being set free
by advancing Allied troops.
419
00:53:43,725 --> 00:53:46,475
300 were locked
in a mess hut and burned.
420
00:53:46,600 --> 00:53:48,016
This is where it stood.
421
00:53:49,100 --> 00:53:51,641
Some of the desperate,
screaming prisoners broke out.
422
00:53:52,225 --> 00:53:55,558
Flame throwers and machine guns
were waiting to receive them.
423
00:54:12,975 --> 00:54:14,558
This was a woman.
424
00:54:16,225 --> 00:54:18,933
Some almost reached the barbed wire.
425
00:54:19,058 --> 00:54:22,724
Some got there and stayed there,
for it was electrified.
426
00:54:31,433 --> 00:54:33,349
This was a Polish engineer.
427
00:55:08,058 --> 00:55:11,599
American troops advancing
did not know that in this barn
428
00:55:11,725 --> 00:55:15,141
the Germans had locked
1,800 prisoners
429
00:55:15,267 --> 00:55:18,475
and set burning straw alight
to suffocate them.
430
00:55:19,892 --> 00:55:21,600
In the morning, before retreating,
431
00:55:21,725 --> 00:55:26,225
they had poured petrol on the bodies
in an attempt to burn what remained.
432
00:55:37,058 --> 00:55:41,058
It still smouldered
when the American troops arrived.
433
00:56:05,475 --> 00:56:09,100
This man was shot because
he gasped for air, trying to escape
434
00:56:09,225 --> 00:56:12,141
while the rest of him
burned in the barn.
435
00:56:35,558 --> 00:56:40,058
The most up-to-date institution
was better equipped for killing.
436
00:56:42,017 --> 00:56:44,975
Transports of prisoners
from all over occupied Europe
437
00:56:45,100 --> 00:56:49,391
were sent for extermination
in one of the special Vem/chlungs/ager.
438
00:56:56,267 --> 00:56:59,683
Here, four million peopled were murdered.
439
00:57:00,600 --> 00:57:05,100
As many men, women and children
as you could pack into a great city.
440
00:57:37,850 --> 00:57:41,016
Old women were regarded
as a danger to the state.
441
00:57:44,558 --> 00:57:46,599
Women torn from their homes,
442
00:57:46,725 --> 00:57:50,141
perhaps for the misdeeds
of a distant relative
443
00:57:50,267 --> 00:57:54,767
and packed cheek to cheek
like cattle for the slaughter.
444
00:58:17,267 --> 00:58:19,725
These children are twins.
445
00:58:19,850 --> 00:58:23,308
When identical twins were born
to non-German parents,
446
00:58:23,433 --> 00:58:27,266
they were confiscated and handed over
to an Experimental Station.
447
00:58:28,350 --> 00:58:32,016
German doctors injected them
with diseases and attempted cures.
448
00:58:32,933 --> 00:58:37,141
Success in the cure was not important
as these children were written off,
449
00:58:37,267 --> 00:58:41,767
unknown, they had no names -
only numbers tattooed on their arms.
450
00:59:07,642 --> 00:59:12,142
This camp was scientifically planned
with a view to mass murder.
451
00:59:13,058 --> 00:59:16,349
Vast extensions were still being built-
452
00:59:16,475 --> 00:59:20,516
arrangements of gas chambers,
mortuaries and incinerators.
453
00:59:21,392 --> 00:59:25,892
The normal extermination rate
was 10,000 to 12,000 per day.
454
00:59:32,933 --> 00:59:35,933
An attempt had been made
to destroy the installations,
455
00:59:36,058 --> 00:59:39,391
but Russian troops were able
to uncover most of it.
456
00:59:40,683 --> 00:59:45,183
Five crematoria with a capacity
of 279,000 per month.
457
00:59:45,683 --> 00:59:48,891
Germans had watched them die,
they had wanted to watch them die,
458
00:59:49,017 --> 00:59:52,683
for they constructed special peepholes
in the doorways of the gas chambers
459
00:59:52,808 --> 00:59:56,016
where they could observe
the effects of the poison gas Zyklon.
460
00:59:56,808 --> 00:59:58,766
Here are some of the containers,
461
00:59:58,892 --> 01:00:01,558
the mask worn by the operator
462
01:00:01,683 --> 01:00:04,558
and the poisons used for injections.
463
01:00:10,850 --> 01:00:15,350
Not only at Auschwitz was extermination
carried out on a large scale.
464
01:00:17,058 --> 01:00:21,141
Entire populations of villages
were moved suddenly overnight
465
01:00:21,267 --> 01:00:23,725
believing themselves
to being evacuated
466
01:00:23,850 --> 01:00:26,683
and finding themselves
behind barbed wire in the morning.
467
01:00:26,808 --> 01:00:29,058
CAMP GROUNDS! STOP! SHOTS
WILL BE FIRED WITHOUT WARNING!
468
01:00:33,892 --> 01:00:37,933
2,800,000 people
were gassed to death here.
469
01:00:38,767 --> 01:00:42,933
Invariably the gas chamber was labelled
'Bath and Disinfection'.
470
01:00:58,600 --> 01:01:00,433
Here one took one's last breath
471
01:01:00,558 --> 01:01:04,516
and disappeared in oily smoke
up the crematorium chimney
472
01:01:05,308 --> 01:01:08,683
The firm that built this
was not ashamed to sign its work.
473
01:01:10,850 --> 01:01:13,266
Again the ovens, again the bones.
474
01:01:15,808 --> 01:01:19,016
These bones were sold
to the Strem Company
475
01:01:19,142 --> 01:01:21,350
for the manufacture of fertiliser.
476
01:01:27,308 --> 01:01:29,599
How many hundreds of thousands
of people are contained
477
01:01:29,725 --> 01:01:32,350
in these heaps of human bones?
478
01:01:32,475 --> 01:01:35,558
You see where they went,
to the cabbage fields.
479
01:01:35,683 --> 01:01:38,724
No doubt some Germans today
can taste what they have eaten
480
01:01:38,850 --> 01:01:40,725
fertilised by their comrades.
481
01:01:49,017 --> 01:01:53,017
This had been going on for a long time
before we came.
482
01:01:53,142 --> 01:01:57,642
Here were found 820,000 pairs
of boots and shoes.
483
01:02:09,058 --> 01:02:12,058
Prisoners paid their own fares
to Majdanek.
484
01:02:13,183 --> 01:02:15,391
They thought they were going
to new homes,
485
01:02:15,517 --> 01:02:19,100
and so they brought their most precious
portable possessions.
486
01:02:29,308 --> 01:02:31,433
They say dead men's boots
bring bad luck -
487
01:02:32,517 --> 01:02:35,017
what of dead children's toys?
488
01:02:36,725 --> 01:02:39,016
Their mothers carried scissors perhaps?
489
01:02:40,017 --> 01:02:43,058
The scissors are here -
the mothers, no.
490
01:02:43,183 --> 01:02:45,891
But here in this room is part of them.
491
01:02:46,017 --> 01:02:48,433
Nothing material could be wasted.
492
01:02:48,558 --> 01:02:52,808
These packages contain human hair
carefully sorted and weighed.
493
01:03:19,475 --> 01:03:23,516
Nothing was wasted - even the teeth
were taken out of their mouths.
494
01:03:24,100 --> 01:03:26,183
By-products of the system.
495
01:03:37,433 --> 01:03:39,891
Tooth brushes. Nail brushes.
496
01:03:41,517 --> 01:03:43,017
Shoe brushes.
497
01:03:46,807 --> 01:03:48,516
Shaving brushes.
498
01:03:51,475 --> 01:03:55,975
If one man in ten wears spectacles,
how many does this heap represent?
499
01:04:01,932 --> 01:04:06,432
All these things belonged to men
and women and children like ourselves,
500
01:04:07,350 --> 01:04:11,432
quite ordinary people
from all parts of the world.
501
01:05:07,682 --> 01:05:09,557
The dead have been buried.
502
01:05:13,557 --> 01:05:17,016
It remains for us to care for these,
the living.
503
01:05:58,892 --> 01:06:01,350
TO THE AIR-RAID PROTECTION
EMERGENCY ROOM
504
01:06:01,475 --> 01:06:05,975
It remains for us to hope that Germans
may help to mend what they have broken,
505
01:06:06,808 --> 01:06:09,266
and cleanse what they have befouled.
506
01:06:27,433 --> 01:06:31,433
Thousands of German people
were made to see for themselves.
507
01:06:32,975 --> 01:06:34,266
To bury the dead.
508
01:06:34,933 --> 01:06:36,974
To file past the victims.
509
01:06:45,892 --> 01:06:50,392
This was the end of the journey
they had so confidently begun in 1933.
510
01:06:56,600 --> 01:06:58,225
Twelve years?
511
01:06:59,517 --> 01:07:00,808
No.
512
01:07:00,933 --> 01:07:03,516
In terms of barbarity and brutality,
513
01:07:03,642 --> 01:07:07,267
they had travelled backwards
for twelve thousand years.
514
01:07:38,767 --> 01:07:43,017
Unless the world learns
the lesson these pictures teach,
515
01:07:43,142 --> 01:07:45,183
night will fall.
516
01:07:48,433 --> 01:07:52,599
But by God's grace,
we who live will learn.
517
01:07:53,305 --> 01:07:59,402
Support us and become VIP member
to remove all ads from www.SubtitleDB.org
43556
Can't find what you're looking for?
Get subtitles in any language from opensubtitles.com, and translate them here.