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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:47,380 --> 00:00:49,674 Is it at once getting much better 2 00:00:49,758 --> 00:00:51,301 and still hopeless? 3 00:01:36,221 --> 00:01:39,057 I don't want 4 00:01:39,140 --> 00:01:42,519 to be given anything by you. 5 00:02:15,844 --> 00:02:19,597 ♪ In the beginning ♪ 6 00:02:22,017 --> 00:02:25,770 ♪ You really loved me ♪ 7 00:02:28,148 --> 00:02:32,444 ♪ I was too blind ♪ 8 00:02:34,487 --> 00:02:36,740 ♪ I couldn't see ♪ 9 00:02:36,781 --> 00:02:40,493 When Dr. King was killed, I thought my world had ended. 10 00:02:40,577 --> 00:02:43,038 ♪ But now you've left me ♪ 11 00:02:43,121 --> 00:02:47,292 I couldn't produce or create or do anything for a long time. 12 00:02:47,334 --> 00:02:49,793 ♪ Oh, how I cried ♪ 13 00:02:51,296 --> 00:02:53,631 We had two great losses. 14 00:02:53,673 --> 00:02:58,678 Otis Redding and The Bar-Kays, and we had Martin Luther King. 15 00:02:58,762 --> 00:03:00,513 ♪ Till your well runs dry... ♪ 16 00:03:00,597 --> 00:03:03,475 It brings reality into focus. 17 00:03:03,516 --> 00:03:08,396 The reality of living together in this divided city. 18 00:03:10,023 --> 00:03:11,483 What-what do I say? 19 00:03:11,524 --> 00:03:13,443 You know, what can I say? 20 00:03:17,572 --> 00:03:21,493 We were just totally, totally devastated. 21 00:03:24,287 --> 00:03:26,206 And not only that, 22 00:03:27,332 --> 00:03:30,418 our masters, they had been taken from us. 23 00:03:30,502 --> 00:03:33,004 ♪ I miss my water ♪ 24 00:03:33,088 --> 00:03:36,675 We didn't know what was going to happen with our career 25 00:03:36,716 --> 00:03:37,926 or with our music. 26 00:03:39,427 --> 00:03:42,514 We had been screwed without a kiss. 27 00:03:42,555 --> 00:03:44,516 ♪ You don't miss your... ♪ 28 00:03:44,599 --> 00:03:46,643 That's what it really amounted to. 29 00:03:48,687 --> 00:03:50,188 We had nothing. 30 00:04:00,865 --> 00:04:04,828 We closed down for several days. 31 00:04:07,038 --> 00:04:08,665 We went through a... 32 00:04:08,707 --> 00:04:14,546 a period of-of-of depression, I guess, is the word. 33 00:04:15,255 --> 00:04:16,964 The whole company. 34 00:04:31,062 --> 00:04:33,189 The attitude in the industry 35 00:04:33,231 --> 00:04:36,484 was Stax is dead. It's over. 36 00:04:36,568 --> 00:04:38,903 I mean, how could you think of it any other way? 37 00:04:39,654 --> 00:04:41,823 Those in New York, they look down. 38 00:04:41,906 --> 00:04:44,868 They think we're dumb bunnies, if you will, 39 00:04:45,493 --> 00:04:48,663 and they tried to keep us "in our place." 40 00:04:56,338 --> 00:04:57,922 I didn't accept that though. 41 00:04:57,964 --> 00:05:00,342 I couldn't. 42 00:05:00,425 --> 00:05:02,677 And I got to thinking, well, wait a minute. 43 00:05:03,428 --> 00:05:05,555 I came to Stax Records 44 00:05:05,597 --> 00:05:09,100 because of that sound that comes out of Stax. 45 00:05:12,645 --> 00:05:17,650 And it was that sound that's behind our top artists, 46 00:05:19,944 --> 00:05:23,948 Sam and Dave, Carla Thomas, Rufus Thomas, 47 00:05:23,990 --> 00:05:27,243 William Bell, Eddie Floyd, Otis Redding. 48 00:05:30,622 --> 00:05:33,041 ♪ This is my lover's prayer... ♪ 49 00:05:34,042 --> 00:05:38,546 I realized we no longer have our catalog... 50 00:05:41,299 --> 00:05:43,677 ...but we still had our people. 51 00:05:45,720 --> 00:05:47,889 I knew what Stax really was. 52 00:05:49,391 --> 00:05:53,728 It was a product of creative and rare people, 53 00:05:54,646 --> 00:05:57,357 and great, authentic music art. 54 00:05:59,734 --> 00:06:02,362 We weren't with Atlantic anymore, 55 00:06:03,363 --> 00:06:05,824 but we can rebuild Stax. 56 00:06:08,493 --> 00:06:10,495 I started talking to Jim and Estelle 57 00:06:10,578 --> 00:06:16,918 about becoming an independent recorded music business. 58 00:06:17,585 --> 00:06:19,921 We didn't think we could handle it, 59 00:06:20,005 --> 00:06:21,381 independently. 60 00:06:21,464 --> 00:06:24,217 Even though we had made a lot of money, 61 00:06:24,300 --> 00:06:26,970 it takes a lot of money to be independent. 62 00:06:27,721 --> 00:06:29,723 You step out there alone. 63 00:06:30,432 --> 00:06:32,017 Risky business. 64 00:06:32,475 --> 00:06:34,352 Jim said, "Well, 65 00:06:34,394 --> 00:06:36,604 find somebody to make a deal with us." 66 00:06:38,940 --> 00:06:43,194 I got with a friend of mine named Clarence Avant. 67 00:06:43,862 --> 00:06:48,241 Clarence was a major broker in the recorded music industry. 68 00:06:56,457 --> 00:06:58,835 I convinced him that there was a future here. 69 00:06:58,877 --> 00:07:01,338 Then I said, "Clarence, I need a deal." 70 00:07:01,880 --> 00:07:05,383 He said, "I think maybe we can get something done 71 00:07:05,467 --> 00:07:07,135 at Gulf+Western." 72 00:07:07,719 --> 00:07:10,221 Estelle, myself, and Al thought 73 00:07:10,847 --> 00:07:13,892 Gulf+Western would give us distribution 74 00:07:13,933 --> 00:07:16,019 and the visibility that we needed. 75 00:07:17,562 --> 00:07:19,606 So we went to New York. 76 00:07:34,746 --> 00:07:36,081 Clarence made the appointment 77 00:07:36,164 --> 00:07:38,166 with the Chairman of the Board of Gulf+Western, 78 00:07:38,249 --> 00:07:39,834 Charlie Bluhdorn. 79 00:07:41,086 --> 00:07:43,421 Clarence explained what had happened with us, 80 00:07:43,963 --> 00:07:48,426 and told him what we needed was an opportunity and a chance. 81 00:07:48,468 --> 00:07:50,303 Charlie Bluhdorn was saying, "I don't know. 82 00:07:50,387 --> 00:07:52,430 It seems as though the Stax period 83 00:07:52,514 --> 00:07:54,307 is over in the marketplace." 84 00:07:54,391 --> 00:07:55,808 And Clarence Avant got up and said, 85 00:07:55,892 --> 00:07:58,436 "Charlie Bluhdorn, I wouldn't bring this to you 86 00:07:58,478 --> 00:07:59,688 unless it meant money to you, 87 00:07:59,771 --> 00:08:01,356 and I know you wanna make money." 88 00:08:01,439 --> 00:08:02,774 He was screaming. 89 00:08:02,816 --> 00:08:05,026 He sold it. He literally sold it. 90 00:08:05,527 --> 00:08:08,113 And Bluhdorn said, "Okay, Clarence." 91 00:08:08,154 --> 00:08:10,949 So we made the deal. 92 00:08:17,914 --> 00:08:22,043 Gulf+Western gave us the money that we needed, 93 00:08:24,421 --> 00:08:26,631 but now we needed to find something 94 00:08:26,673 --> 00:08:29,092 that we can release in this marketplace. 95 00:08:32,053 --> 00:08:33,847 Al came to me and said, 96 00:08:33,929 --> 00:08:37,350 "I want you to go to the tape library, 97 00:08:37,433 --> 00:08:39,227 find something good." 98 00:08:43,063 --> 00:08:47,402 Atlantic didn't own anything that hadn't been released. 99 00:08:48,153 --> 00:08:50,905 We could take that music and work with that. 100 00:08:52,449 --> 00:08:55,994 And we came up with a track of Booker T. & the M.G.'s, 101 00:08:56,077 --> 00:08:57,912 but it needed some work. 102 00:08:58,872 --> 00:09:03,001 I said, "Well, this song sounds kind of jumpy, islandy. 103 00:09:03,043 --> 00:09:04,836 Why don't we put a marimba on it?" 104 00:09:05,295 --> 00:09:07,547 I took the marimba and just played this melody on it, 105 00:09:07,630 --> 00:09:08,757 played through the whole song. 106 00:09:08,840 --> 00:09:10,884 So we put it down, mixed it, 107 00:09:10,967 --> 00:09:12,719 took it to Al Bell, said, "Here's your song." 108 00:09:21,853 --> 00:09:26,316 I said, "Oh, that limbo is happening in New York, 109 00:09:26,358 --> 00:09:28,401 Philadelphia, Boston. 110 00:09:28,485 --> 00:09:32,864 And this has that limbo feel on it with this marimba." 111 00:09:33,615 --> 00:09:35,617 I said, "We're gonna call it 'Soul Limbo.'" 112 00:09:42,207 --> 00:09:44,376 We released it in the marketplace... 113 00:09:49,839 --> 00:09:52,175 and that record took off. 114 00:09:59,724 --> 00:10:03,395 "Soul Limbo" gave me a bit more confidence... 115 00:10:05,438 --> 00:10:07,399 but it was just one song. 116 00:10:08,858 --> 00:10:10,902 We needed a lot more. 117 00:10:12,278 --> 00:10:14,739 So I sat down with a legal pad, 118 00:10:14,781 --> 00:10:17,909 and I started writing the names of all of the artists. 119 00:10:18,243 --> 00:10:19,786 Booker T. & the M.G.'s, 120 00:10:19,869 --> 00:10:23,707 Albert King, Carla Thomas, Rufus Thomas. 121 00:10:23,748 --> 00:10:27,419 I started creating concepts like "boy meets girl." 122 00:10:27,460 --> 00:10:29,754 That's where I could take all of our male artists 123 00:10:29,796 --> 00:10:32,465 and combine them with our female artists, 124 00:10:32,549 --> 00:10:34,092 and that would give me another album. 125 00:10:34,134 --> 00:10:36,803 Then I thought about, okay, guitars only. 126 00:10:36,886 --> 00:10:39,222 That will make noise in the marketplace. 127 00:10:39,889 --> 00:10:42,976 And I kept coming up with albums like that. 128 00:10:43,059 --> 00:10:45,270 Al called a meeting. 129 00:10:45,353 --> 00:10:48,440 He said, "We need to build back the Stax catalog 130 00:10:49,107 --> 00:10:51,818 and then flood the market with product. 131 00:10:52,610 --> 00:10:54,779 Let's work hard to make it happen quickly." 132 00:10:57,365 --> 00:11:00,368 He wanted all of this product, 133 00:11:00,452 --> 00:11:02,662 more product out of one company 134 00:11:02,746 --> 00:11:06,082 than all of the companies producing rhythm and blues 135 00:11:06,124 --> 00:11:09,836 in the United States collectively. 136 00:11:10,253 --> 00:11:12,088 The soul explosion. 137 00:11:12,881 --> 00:11:14,966 Al Bell didn't share all the particulars. 138 00:11:15,008 --> 00:11:16,718 He just generated the excitement. 139 00:11:16,801 --> 00:11:20,347 He was a master at generating enthusiasm. 140 00:11:20,638 --> 00:11:24,684 And even though there was division in my band, 141 00:11:26,311 --> 00:11:29,064 everybody just went to work like crazy. 142 00:11:30,273 --> 00:11:31,524 "We're doing this." 143 00:11:33,068 --> 00:11:35,362 Hold on. Take two. 144 00:11:35,445 --> 00:11:36,821 One, two... 145 00:11:42,994 --> 00:11:46,581 We had "no time to lose." 146 00:11:46,664 --> 00:11:49,250 Al Bell was the drum major. 147 00:11:50,502 --> 00:11:51,836 We were all in. 148 00:11:54,172 --> 00:11:57,300 We went to the studio around the clock 149 00:11:58,385 --> 00:12:01,137 in a very short period of time. 150 00:12:01,179 --> 00:12:04,724 I'm talking about... three months. 151 00:12:07,268 --> 00:12:10,397 When I came to Stax, it was starting all over. 152 00:12:10,480 --> 00:12:14,192 But personally, I couldn't have been at a better place 153 00:12:14,234 --> 00:12:16,069 at a better time. 154 00:12:16,152 --> 00:12:18,863 I started as a trainee engineer. 155 00:12:19,739 --> 00:12:22,659 It was just an unbelievable opportunity. 156 00:12:22,701 --> 00:12:24,869 'Course I was thrown in the fire. 157 00:12:25,870 --> 00:12:28,707 As a guitarist, they needed songs, 158 00:12:28,748 --> 00:12:31,543 and I was able to start songwriting. 159 00:12:31,918 --> 00:12:33,920 It was sink or swim. 160 00:12:35,088 --> 00:12:36,798 I was a writer, 161 00:12:37,215 --> 00:12:41,011 and being the only female was not an easy task. 162 00:12:42,053 --> 00:12:45,223 You know, we're talking about the sexist '60s here. 163 00:12:46,099 --> 00:12:49,227 Some guys didn't feel like women could do what they could do, 164 00:12:49,310 --> 00:12:51,813 'cause this is an all-male environment. 165 00:12:52,397 --> 00:12:56,317 So Al Bell gave me this great big opportunity. 166 00:12:56,735 --> 00:12:58,069 Good idea. Take one. 167 00:12:58,111 --> 00:13:00,572 We went on a 24-hour, 168 00:13:00,655 --> 00:13:03,908 seven-day-a-week production basis. 169 00:13:06,953 --> 00:13:08,913 Instead of four or five songs, 170 00:13:08,955 --> 00:13:10,331 I'm working on four or five albums 171 00:13:10,415 --> 00:13:12,709 with 10 to 12 songs on each one of them. 172 00:13:12,751 --> 00:13:15,086 It was like a nine-to-nine situation. 173 00:13:15,170 --> 00:13:18,340 I'd go home to take a shower and that'd be about it. 174 00:13:20,091 --> 00:13:22,677 It was just more than you could handle. 175 00:13:22,761 --> 00:13:24,637 I mean, it was just wearing us out. 176 00:13:25,096 --> 00:13:28,475 Steve Cropper said, "Al, you're working the musicians to death." 177 00:13:29,768 --> 00:13:31,603 I said, "No, I'm not, Steven. 178 00:13:32,020 --> 00:13:33,980 I'm working them to life. 179 00:13:34,356 --> 00:13:36,149 We gotta get this done 180 00:13:36,232 --> 00:13:38,777 if we're gonna survive out here in this music business. 181 00:13:38,818 --> 00:13:40,445 I'm talking about working them to life." 182 00:13:45,283 --> 00:13:48,411 I like me on a minor third, and you men with the seventh. 183 00:13:48,453 --> 00:13:51,164 Two, three... 184 00:13:59,047 --> 00:14:01,174 Al Bell approached me 185 00:14:02,217 --> 00:14:05,303 and said, "I gotta produce a lot of albums." 186 00:14:05,970 --> 00:14:09,265 I said, "Can I do an album too?" 187 00:14:10,100 --> 00:14:13,853 He said, "Sure!" I said, "However I want to?" 188 00:14:13,937 --> 00:14:16,690 "Yes! You got carte blanche." 189 00:14:20,276 --> 00:14:23,613 It was a lot in me wanted to break out. 190 00:14:34,290 --> 00:14:38,461 I was a songwriter, I was a producer, an arranger. 191 00:14:41,506 --> 00:14:44,467 But I had aspirations of being a singer. 192 00:14:45,719 --> 00:14:47,012 I was like a sponge. 193 00:14:47,053 --> 00:14:49,514 I had soaked up a lot of different influences. 194 00:14:49,556 --> 00:14:52,976 Blues, jazz, pop, classical. 195 00:14:53,727 --> 00:14:55,353 But at that time at Stax, 196 00:14:55,437 --> 00:14:57,480 I didn't have a chance to express it. 197 00:14:57,522 --> 00:15:00,150 -Rolling. Number one. 198 00:15:00,191 --> 00:15:02,193 Every day around lunchtime, 199 00:15:02,277 --> 00:15:03,695 Isaac would come down the hall. 200 00:15:03,737 --> 00:15:05,113 We were all going to lunch. 201 00:15:05,196 --> 00:15:06,990 And he had a tape up there 202 00:15:07,032 --> 00:15:09,242 that, uh, he would get you to put on, 203 00:15:09,325 --> 00:15:11,703 and they were these old ballads, like, uh, 204 00:15:11,786 --> 00:15:13,788 " for Sentimental Reasons." 205 00:15:13,872 --> 00:15:15,498 You know, it was... 206 00:15:15,540 --> 00:15:17,917 Boy, and it was taking our lunch time. 207 00:15:18,001 --> 00:15:19,711 I'll just take my time on this thing now. 208 00:15:19,794 --> 00:15:21,171 One, two... 209 00:15:21,212 --> 00:15:23,214 And he had this creamy voice 210 00:15:23,298 --> 00:15:26,176 that just... 211 00:15:26,217 --> 00:15:31,222 ♪ Ohh, yeah ♪ 212 00:15:31,848 --> 00:15:34,142 He was honing his craft. 213 00:15:34,225 --> 00:15:37,562 ♪ Mm-hm ♪ 214 00:15:37,604 --> 00:15:39,314 He'd sing those songs. 215 00:15:40,315 --> 00:15:42,233 He was getting the voice thing together. 216 00:15:43,151 --> 00:15:45,862 One, two, three, four. 217 00:15:56,748 --> 00:16:00,210 Isaac was looking for a different sound. 218 00:16:01,419 --> 00:16:05,715 After the plane crash, the people at Stax asked us, 219 00:16:05,757 --> 00:16:10,512 "What do y'all want to do about continuing The Bar-Kays?" 220 00:16:11,554 --> 00:16:15,975 I'm looking to my left and I don't see no Jimmie King. 221 00:16:16,059 --> 00:16:17,102 I'm looking to my right 222 00:16:17,185 --> 00:16:20,063 and I don't see no Phalon Jones, 223 00:16:20,105 --> 00:16:21,690 my best friend. 224 00:16:22,691 --> 00:16:26,611 Only two people left. Just myself and Ben Cauley, 225 00:16:27,195 --> 00:16:29,489 the one survivor. 226 00:16:32,283 --> 00:16:33,993 It was an eerie feeling. 227 00:16:38,456 --> 00:16:42,502 But I said, "We got to carry on." 228 00:16:42,585 --> 00:16:47,590 At 18 years old, I debuted a new Bar-Kays band. 229 00:16:52,137 --> 00:16:53,972 When I became a member of the Bar-Kays 230 00:16:54,055 --> 00:16:55,515 as a drummer, 231 00:16:55,974 --> 00:16:59,102 there was Harvey Henderson on saxophone, 232 00:16:59,144 --> 00:17:02,230 Ben Cauley, James Alexander, and Michael Toles. 233 00:17:02,564 --> 00:17:05,983 And they got another white kid to play organ, 234 00:17:06,067 --> 00:17:07,652 Ronnie Gorden. 235 00:17:11,573 --> 00:17:13,450 I saw a great drive 236 00:17:13,491 --> 00:17:16,077 to make a monument to that tragedy. 237 00:17:28,173 --> 00:17:29,924 We didn't really know what we was doing, 238 00:17:30,508 --> 00:17:34,179 but what attracted Isaac to us 239 00:17:34,220 --> 00:17:36,348 was the fearlessness. 240 00:17:44,856 --> 00:17:46,274 He would sit at the piano, 241 00:17:46,358 --> 00:17:48,985 and he'd work all the different parts out. 242 00:17:49,444 --> 00:17:52,238 He was creative enough and open enough 243 00:17:52,322 --> 00:17:54,199 to just let you go. 244 00:17:55,450 --> 00:17:59,746 If your idea was something nice, he'd go along with it. 245 00:18:01,915 --> 00:18:04,501 That gave me a lot of freedom. 246 00:18:05,335 --> 00:18:10,632 ♪ Now tell me, what I say ♪ 247 00:18:12,175 --> 00:18:13,385 He knew he wanted to do 248 00:18:13,468 --> 00:18:15,345 something different from the ordinary, 249 00:18:15,387 --> 00:18:19,391 so all the stuff we did, it was a lot of trial and error. 250 00:18:21,559 --> 00:18:24,938 Once we locked into a groove he would say, 251 00:18:25,021 --> 00:18:26,856 "That's it, let's record it." 252 00:18:27,732 --> 00:18:32,195 It was just, like, an amazing way to create music. 253 00:18:56,761 --> 00:19:00,390 I was a background vocalist in Detroit. 254 00:19:01,391 --> 00:19:04,769 I sang with Aretha Franklin, George Clinton, 255 00:19:05,353 --> 00:19:07,397 so many Motown artists. 256 00:19:08,732 --> 00:19:13,236 1969, some songs from Isaac Hayes came up. 257 00:19:14,487 --> 00:19:16,740 One song was "Walk On By." 258 00:19:17,198 --> 00:19:20,285 Dionne Warwick had recorded this song first. 259 00:19:20,368 --> 00:19:23,621 ♪ If you see me walking down the street ♪ 260 00:19:23,663 --> 00:19:28,168 ♪ And I start to cry each time we meet ♪ 261 00:19:28,710 --> 00:19:31,921 ♪ Walk on by ♪ 262 00:19:33,965 --> 00:19:36,051 ♪ Foolish pride ♪ 263 00:19:39,179 --> 00:19:41,264 I listened to it at home. 264 00:19:42,474 --> 00:19:44,809 I was like, shoot, I'm gonna have to turn myself 265 00:19:44,851 --> 00:19:45,935 into a music note. 266 00:19:45,977 --> 00:19:47,854 ♪ You gave me ♪ 267 00:19:47,937 --> 00:19:49,439 ♪ I didn't ask you for it ♪ 268 00:19:49,481 --> 00:19:51,399 ♪ But you gave me ♪ 269 00:19:51,483 --> 00:19:56,404 ♪ When you said goodbye ♪ 270 00:19:56,988 --> 00:19:59,699 I'm like, damn. 271 00:20:00,158 --> 00:20:01,659 So I smoke me a joint. 272 00:20:01,743 --> 00:20:05,497 Turned me right into a music note. 273 00:20:06,373 --> 00:20:11,294 I called my sister Diane Davis, and Rose Edwards. 274 00:20:11,336 --> 00:20:14,422 That was the first time we heard it. 275 00:20:14,881 --> 00:20:18,051 Oh, I loved it. 276 00:20:18,134 --> 00:20:19,969 Oh, my gosh. 277 00:20:20,011 --> 00:20:22,180 Isaac's music was almost symphonic. 278 00:20:28,603 --> 00:20:31,815 Diane, Rose, and I singing together, 279 00:20:32,357 --> 00:20:36,027 we could just sound like one person. 280 00:20:36,069 --> 00:20:38,196 We had one hell of a blend. 281 00:20:44,661 --> 00:20:51,042 ♪ All that I have left, so let me hide ♪ 282 00:20:51,084 --> 00:20:54,129 ♪ The tears and the sadness ♪ 283 00:20:54,212 --> 00:20:56,297 ♪ You gave me ♪ 284 00:20:56,381 --> 00:20:58,717 ♪ When you said good... ♪ 285 00:20:58,758 --> 00:21:01,219 ♪ Oh, when you said good... ♪ 286 00:21:01,261 --> 00:21:07,017 ♪ Bye ♪ 287 00:21:07,809 --> 00:21:08,893 ♪ Walk on ♪ 288 00:21:08,977 --> 00:21:11,563 Isaac was very pleased. 289 00:21:14,274 --> 00:21:15,692 ♪ Walk on by ♪ 290 00:21:16,359 --> 00:21:19,320 That's it. That's perfect. Beautiful. 291 00:21:19,404 --> 00:21:22,407 We had those musicians in there every day, 292 00:21:22,449 --> 00:21:24,492 hour after hour after hour, 293 00:21:25,243 --> 00:21:27,746 and we created 28 albums. 294 00:21:28,538 --> 00:21:30,290 The idea was simply to establish 295 00:21:30,373 --> 00:21:32,500 massive presence in the marketplace. 296 00:21:33,084 --> 00:21:36,504 But a lot of people thought this was craziness. 297 00:21:36,588 --> 00:21:39,966 The cost of manufacturing that number of records. 298 00:21:40,050 --> 00:21:44,846 But beyond the cost, how do you promote 28 albums? 299 00:21:44,929 --> 00:21:47,223 When we were working with Atlantic, 300 00:21:47,265 --> 00:21:49,017 I would always attend sales meetings 301 00:21:49,100 --> 00:21:51,478 when they would bring in all of the distributors. 302 00:21:51,978 --> 00:21:54,814 And I marveled at how Jerry Wexler would stand up 303 00:21:54,898 --> 00:21:56,775 behind a stereo player... 304 00:21:58,443 --> 00:22:03,239 and play songs from all of Atlantic's new releases. 305 00:22:03,281 --> 00:22:05,825 He would inspire those distributors. 306 00:22:06,493 --> 00:22:07,869 Afterwards, Jerry Wexler would talk about, 307 00:22:07,952 --> 00:22:10,538 "Ah, I just raised a million and a half dollars." 308 00:22:11,623 --> 00:22:13,792 I said, "I'm gonna do the same thing. 309 00:22:13,875 --> 00:22:16,127 But I'm gonna do it in Memphis." 310 00:22:30,725 --> 00:22:32,310 The rest of the show, 311 00:22:32,394 --> 00:22:34,104 continuing the rest of the Stax Soul Explosion. 312 00:22:38,358 --> 00:22:40,527 I brought media to Memphis. 313 00:22:41,945 --> 00:22:44,739 We had Record World and Billboard, 314 00:22:46,408 --> 00:22:47,909 Rolling Stone. 315 00:22:50,537 --> 00:22:52,455 We needed a new label. 316 00:22:52,539 --> 00:22:55,250 So I got the graphic design person at Paramount Pictures, 317 00:22:55,333 --> 00:22:57,836 and he said "Al, what is Stax really?" 318 00:22:58,169 --> 00:23:00,338 I said, "It's about good music. 319 00:23:00,380 --> 00:23:02,340 It's about making people feel good. 320 00:23:02,382 --> 00:23:04,551 That's what Stax--" He said, "I got it." 321 00:23:04,634 --> 00:23:05,760 Next thing I knew, 322 00:23:05,844 --> 00:23:07,178 he'd come with that finger snap. 323 00:23:07,262 --> 00:23:08,763 Bam! Stax. 324 00:23:09,681 --> 00:23:11,558 My mind was on one thing: 325 00:23:11,641 --> 00:23:15,395 causing these distributors to come in here, feel good, 326 00:23:15,478 --> 00:23:18,023 and take this pen, and write down that order. 327 00:23:19,899 --> 00:23:22,485 That was the only thing on my mind. 328 00:23:25,488 --> 00:23:27,532 Thank you! Thank you so very much. 329 00:23:27,574 --> 00:23:30,493 For most people in the music industry, 330 00:23:31,036 --> 00:23:34,372 this is people in a backwaters town like Memphis 331 00:23:34,456 --> 00:23:36,791 who have no idea what they're doing. 332 00:23:37,625 --> 00:23:40,337 People thought, "This is not going to work." 333 00:23:43,381 --> 00:23:44,549 And you're swingin' with the Queen 334 00:23:44,632 --> 00:23:47,010 on this beautiful Monday morning! 335 00:23:48,178 --> 00:23:51,639 ♪ Ahh, oh, hear me now ♪ 336 00:23:54,976 --> 00:23:58,480 ♪ All you fellas gather 'round me ♪ 337 00:23:58,897 --> 00:24:02,734 ♪ And let me give you some good advice ♪ 338 00:24:03,526 --> 00:24:07,072 ♪ What I'm gonna... gonna ask you now ♪ 339 00:24:07,489 --> 00:24:11,242 ♪ You'd better think about it twice ♪ 340 00:24:11,576 --> 00:24:15,455 ♪ While you're lyin' cheating on your woman ♪ 341 00:24:15,914 --> 00:24:19,751 ♪ There is something you never even thought of ♪ 342 00:24:19,834 --> 00:24:24,422 ♪ Now tell me, who's making love to your old lady ♪ 343 00:24:24,756 --> 00:24:27,676 ♪ While you were out making love ♪ 344 00:24:27,759 --> 00:24:29,094 ♪ Hear me now ♪ 345 00:24:29,135 --> 00:24:32,681 ♪ Now, who's making love to your old lady ♪ 346 00:24:33,098 --> 00:24:35,725 ♪ While you were out making love ♪ 347 00:24:35,767 --> 00:24:38,061 I wrote "Who's Making Love." 348 00:24:38,687 --> 00:24:41,231 A song about reaping what you sow. 349 00:24:42,565 --> 00:24:43,900 When it came out, 350 00:24:43,942 --> 00:24:46,111 women were buying this song off the rack 351 00:24:46,152 --> 00:24:48,655 like it was golden. 352 00:24:49,572 --> 00:24:51,116 ♪ Thinking that a woman... ♪ 353 00:24:51,700 --> 00:24:54,744 They wanted to go home and play this for that fella 354 00:24:54,786 --> 00:24:58,039 that was going out cheating, you know what I mean? 355 00:24:58,123 --> 00:25:00,291 ♪ Fellas, let me ask you somethin' ♪ 356 00:25:00,375 --> 00:25:03,420 You better think about this 'cause this could be you. 357 00:25:03,461 --> 00:25:05,755 ♪ Never even dreamed of ♪ 358 00:25:05,797 --> 00:25:07,841 ♪ Now tell me who's making love ♪ 359 00:25:07,924 --> 00:25:10,635 -♪ To your old lady ♪ 360 00:25:10,719 --> 00:25:13,138 ♪ While you were out making love ♪ 361 00:25:13,555 --> 00:25:16,808 I've had so many men who would say, 362 00:25:16,891 --> 00:25:18,685 "Woman, you had me going back home, 363 00:25:18,935 --> 00:25:21,062 turning around so many times." 364 00:25:21,146 --> 00:25:23,898 He'd say, "Every time I would hear this song on the radio, 365 00:25:23,982 --> 00:25:27,068 I want to go home and check on my wife." 366 00:25:27,152 --> 00:25:29,612 ♪ I'm not trying to run your life ♪ 367 00:25:29,654 --> 00:25:31,364 ♪ 'Cause it's up to you ♪ 368 00:25:31,448 --> 00:25:32,741 ♪ Oh, you ♪ 369 00:25:32,824 --> 00:25:36,369 ♪ Oh, oh, you, you, and you ♪ 370 00:25:39,789 --> 00:25:41,583 It just shot up the charts. 371 00:25:41,666 --> 00:25:45,003 ♪ I ask this question, I used to be... ♪ 372 00:25:45,045 --> 00:25:49,758 Within six weeks, it had sold its first million. 373 00:25:50,467 --> 00:25:51,968 ♪ My old lady ♪ 374 00:25:52,719 --> 00:25:55,138 ♪ While I was out making love ♪ 375 00:25:55,180 --> 00:25:56,473 "Who's Making Love" 376 00:25:56,514 --> 00:25:58,475 was the biggest selling Stax single 377 00:25:58,516 --> 00:26:00,185 up to that date. 378 00:26:01,311 --> 00:26:05,023 It sold two million copies before all was said and done. 379 00:26:08,193 --> 00:26:10,862 You're listening to WLIB FM. 380 00:26:10,904 --> 00:26:13,698 Here's another two for the price of one. 381 00:26:13,740 --> 00:26:15,950 -Isaac Hayes. 382 00:26:27,587 --> 00:26:28,963 I was with some friends 383 00:26:29,047 --> 00:26:32,050 when I heard Hot Buttered Soul on the radio. 384 00:26:36,137 --> 00:26:38,431 I had completely forgot about the recording. 385 00:26:42,894 --> 00:26:46,815 Radio's still playing three-minute singles. 386 00:26:48,692 --> 00:26:52,612 Outta nowhere, they're playing this amazingly long song 387 00:26:52,696 --> 00:26:54,072 of Isaac's on the radio. 388 00:27:01,746 --> 00:27:05,917 ♪ If you see me walking down the street ♪ 389 00:27:05,959 --> 00:27:09,212 ♪ And I start to cry ♪ 390 00:27:09,587 --> 00:27:11,923 ♪ Each time we meet ♪ 391 00:27:14,926 --> 00:27:17,762 ♪ Then walk on by ♪ 392 00:27:20,640 --> 00:27:24,269 ♪ Walk on by ♪ 393 00:27:26,021 --> 00:27:27,731 You know, I would go out on stage, 394 00:27:27,772 --> 00:27:30,108 and I was sorta nervous. 395 00:27:30,859 --> 00:27:32,444 "Oh, God." So I put the shades on... 396 00:27:32,527 --> 00:27:36,781 ♪ Just let me hide the tears and the sadness... ♪ 397 00:27:36,865 --> 00:27:39,534 ...And it became like a security blanket. 398 00:27:39,617 --> 00:27:43,455 ♪ You put the hurt on me, you socked it to me, mama ♪ 399 00:27:43,496 --> 00:27:46,958 ♪ When you said goodbye ♪ 400 00:27:47,000 --> 00:27:49,419 People said I had started a different trend, 401 00:27:49,461 --> 00:27:53,840 big large orchestrations, big sound. 402 00:27:55,175 --> 00:27:56,176 ♪ Oh, mama ♪ 403 00:27:56,259 --> 00:27:57,719 All that mattered was that I had 404 00:27:57,802 --> 00:28:00,263 the opportunity to express myself. 405 00:28:01,473 --> 00:28:02,557 ♪ Walk ♪ 406 00:28:02,640 --> 00:28:05,226 Hot Buttered Soul exploded. 407 00:28:06,144 --> 00:28:08,646 Top of the charts on the R&B market, 408 00:28:08,730 --> 00:28:11,733 adult contemporary, easy listening, 409 00:28:11,816 --> 00:28:13,943 jazz, and pop. 410 00:28:13,985 --> 00:28:16,988 ♪ Said I'm beggin' you, I'm beggin you to walk on by ♪ 411 00:28:17,072 --> 00:28:21,743 Gutted as they were, demoralized as they were, 412 00:28:21,826 --> 00:28:24,704 they rebuilt this company... 413 00:28:27,540 --> 00:28:32,003 and made it a bigger company than it ever was before. 414 00:28:35,340 --> 00:28:39,177 ♪ Smoke ain't makin' me cry, no, no, no ♪ 415 00:28:40,345 --> 00:28:43,765 ♪ It's the hurt you put on me, yeah ♪ 416 00:28:53,066 --> 00:28:55,402 We were an old business, 417 00:28:55,485 --> 00:28:57,278 and yet we were a new business. 418 00:28:58,738 --> 00:28:59,864 Things changed, 419 00:28:59,906 --> 00:29:01,700 and they were changing very fast. 420 00:29:04,035 --> 00:29:06,871 Success forced us to have accountants, 421 00:29:06,955 --> 00:29:09,749 lawyers, more secretaries, 422 00:29:09,833 --> 00:29:13,712 more offices, more promotion guys. 423 00:29:13,795 --> 00:29:15,005 We were growing, 424 00:29:15,046 --> 00:29:18,383 and it was not that same warm family, 425 00:29:18,800 --> 00:29:20,385 every time you go to the studio 426 00:29:20,427 --> 00:29:24,389 you sit around and everybody just having a good time. 427 00:29:26,224 --> 00:29:28,059 Al Bell's decisions to expand 428 00:29:28,143 --> 00:29:30,729 have great consequences as to record sales, 429 00:29:30,812 --> 00:29:34,566 but terrible consequences in terms of morale. 430 00:29:40,739 --> 00:29:42,365 It got too big. 431 00:29:42,407 --> 00:29:43,992 It got too big, 432 00:29:44,075 --> 00:29:46,578 and I had not as much voice 433 00:29:46,619 --> 00:29:48,288 as I would liked to have. 434 00:29:52,167 --> 00:29:55,045 The company became corporate. 435 00:29:55,837 --> 00:29:59,883 Mass production, assembly-line-type feeling. 436 00:30:02,260 --> 00:30:05,013 That whole concept was so foreign to me, 437 00:30:05,096 --> 00:30:07,265 I just never accepted it. 438 00:30:09,851 --> 00:30:13,855 It was a pain that added to other pain for me. 439 00:30:15,982 --> 00:30:20,612 I didn't wanna leave. I had to leave. 440 00:30:22,113 --> 00:30:23,990 I had been Jim's liaison 441 00:30:24,074 --> 00:30:26,159 between him and the musicians. 442 00:30:26,242 --> 00:30:28,578 One, two, three. 443 00:30:28,620 --> 00:30:29,829 And all of a sudden one day, 444 00:30:29,913 --> 00:30:32,082 they got everybody else making decisions. 445 00:30:33,041 --> 00:30:36,294 He felt that he was kind of cast aside. 446 00:30:37,671 --> 00:30:39,923 Which is not the case. 447 00:30:41,633 --> 00:30:44,344 Very difficult for me to leave Stax. 448 00:30:44,886 --> 00:30:46,388 But I knew I had to go. 449 00:30:54,354 --> 00:30:57,065 I had to get rid of my record shop. 450 00:30:58,400 --> 00:31:02,070 They wanted the space for their studios, 451 00:31:03,321 --> 00:31:04,864 and, uh... 452 00:31:05,323 --> 00:31:07,033 I don't know. I... 453 00:31:07,826 --> 00:31:10,412 I don't think they wanted me around anyway. 454 00:31:14,082 --> 00:31:15,917 My sister Estelle, 455 00:31:16,001 --> 00:31:17,669 she and Al had their problems, 456 00:31:17,711 --> 00:31:23,133 and she didn't feel like she had enough, you know, input. 457 00:31:25,343 --> 00:31:27,721 Al Bell, there's just so many things 458 00:31:27,804 --> 00:31:29,514 that he disagreed on. 459 00:31:31,224 --> 00:31:33,059 She'd say, "We need this kind of music. 460 00:31:33,143 --> 00:31:35,020 We don't need any more of that kind of music. 461 00:31:35,103 --> 00:31:37,022 We're not controlling our thing 462 00:31:37,105 --> 00:31:38,523 and what our thing should be about." 463 00:31:38,565 --> 00:31:41,484 I think that may have been the case with Mrs. Axton. 464 00:31:42,861 --> 00:31:44,696 Couldn't sit and do nothing. 465 00:31:45,113 --> 00:31:47,657 I went back in the office. 466 00:31:47,699 --> 00:31:49,701 I even went in the mail room. 467 00:31:50,076 --> 00:31:54,289 But I decided, well, I'll never have any influence 468 00:31:55,290 --> 00:31:56,458 in the future. 469 00:32:00,712 --> 00:32:03,256 Had to try to keep peace, you know. 470 00:32:05,800 --> 00:32:07,427 In the end, I made the decision 471 00:32:07,510 --> 00:32:10,597 to ask that my sister step down. 472 00:32:15,185 --> 00:32:18,271 Al became vice president of the company, 473 00:32:19,189 --> 00:32:22,067 and he became an equal shareholder. 474 00:32:25,028 --> 00:32:27,781 Never, in her whole life, 475 00:32:27,864 --> 00:32:30,992 have I ever seen her so emotionally broken. 476 00:32:31,076 --> 00:32:32,619 It broke her heart. 477 00:32:35,080 --> 00:32:38,083 It was difficult for the Stax family. 478 00:32:39,584 --> 00:32:44,339 She provided the maternal support for the organization 479 00:32:45,048 --> 00:32:46,466 from the beginning. 480 00:32:49,135 --> 00:32:52,681 And then she just boxed up her things 481 00:32:52,764 --> 00:32:54,974 and walked out the door. 482 00:33:00,355 --> 00:33:02,816 When these people left the company, 483 00:33:02,899 --> 00:33:05,568 there were discomforts and feelings 484 00:33:05,610 --> 00:33:07,779 amongst the creative people. 485 00:33:07,862 --> 00:33:09,114 And I must tell you, 486 00:33:09,155 --> 00:33:11,616 I don't mean it in a rude, 487 00:33:11,700 --> 00:33:13,493 cold, or insensitive manner, 488 00:33:13,576 --> 00:33:18,456 but we had to continue pursuing our business objectives. 489 00:33:18,540 --> 00:33:19,916 I had to look forward. 490 00:33:21,334 --> 00:33:23,837 Nation time, it's nation time. 491 00:33:23,920 --> 00:33:25,839 Get up, Diana Ross. Get up, Jimmie Brown. 492 00:33:25,922 --> 00:33:27,257 It's nation time, build it. 493 00:33:27,298 --> 00:33:29,801 Get up, muffet dragger. Get up, Rastus, for real. 494 00:33:31,720 --> 00:33:34,347 It's nation time! 495 00:33:34,431 --> 00:33:37,267 ♪ It's nation time! ♪ 496 00:33:41,563 --> 00:33:43,481 ♪ Get up, come along, come on ♪ 497 00:33:43,523 --> 00:33:45,942 ♪ And get up and get down tonight ♪ 498 00:33:45,984 --> 00:33:47,819 The world was changing. 499 00:33:47,861 --> 00:33:49,362 ♪ And get down, get up... ♪ 500 00:33:49,446 --> 00:33:52,741 The problem now is fundamentally economic. 501 00:33:53,241 --> 00:33:55,827 The solution is fundamentally economic. 502 00:33:55,910 --> 00:33:58,371 The goal is fundamentally economic. 503 00:33:58,455 --> 00:34:02,584 There was a growing sense of Black awareness. 504 00:34:03,168 --> 00:34:06,713 Stax wanted to address what was happening nationally. 505 00:34:07,589 --> 00:34:10,632 We're one of the few completely Black-oriented companies 506 00:34:10,675 --> 00:34:11,967 in America today. 507 00:34:12,010 --> 00:34:15,179 Eighty-five to 90% of our artists are Black. 508 00:34:15,263 --> 00:34:16,973 Our personnel, the same way. 509 00:34:17,014 --> 00:34:18,683 We're researching Black 510 00:34:18,725 --> 00:34:20,810 because that's where our product is directed. 511 00:34:20,851 --> 00:34:22,187 And we're supported Black. 512 00:34:22,228 --> 00:34:23,897 Remember, we're talking about 513 00:34:23,980 --> 00:34:25,565 Black consciousness. 514 00:34:25,648 --> 00:34:28,902 We got to build and keep that dollar in the community. 515 00:34:28,985 --> 00:34:30,152 Do you understand? 516 00:34:30,862 --> 00:34:34,783 We needed someone to help paint the picture, 517 00:34:34,866 --> 00:34:36,618 to put the package together. 518 00:34:37,202 --> 00:34:40,580 I met a guy in advertising, 519 00:34:42,165 --> 00:34:44,208 Mr. Larry Shaw. 520 00:34:45,543 --> 00:34:50,674 Dad was, at the time, with an ad agency in Chicago. 521 00:34:51,299 --> 00:34:55,387 His ads were speaking to Black people. 522 00:34:55,762 --> 00:34:57,305 Speaking in our language. 523 00:34:57,389 --> 00:34:59,099 Hey, aren't you Frederick Douglass? 524 00:34:59,182 --> 00:35:00,392 Are you gonna go out into the world 525 00:35:00,433 --> 00:35:01,810 with your hair looking like that? 526 00:35:01,893 --> 00:35:04,145 Well, Mr. Douglass, you know, times have changed. 527 00:35:04,229 --> 00:35:05,480 We wear the natural now. 528 00:35:05,563 --> 00:35:08,274 You call that a natural? That's a mess. 529 00:35:08,858 --> 00:35:12,445 It was uplifting and culturally relevant. 530 00:35:12,529 --> 00:35:15,073 Man, ain't nobody gonna believe this! 531 00:35:15,156 --> 00:35:16,866 Very unapologetic. 532 00:35:16,908 --> 00:35:18,535 "This is who we are." 533 00:35:19,536 --> 00:35:24,207 It was just a manifestation of being Black in America. 534 00:35:25,250 --> 00:35:26,918 He understood all of the things 535 00:35:27,002 --> 00:35:28,545 that we faced as a people, 536 00:35:28,586 --> 00:35:32,382 and things that could be done to improve our conditions. 537 00:35:32,924 --> 00:35:34,426 I needed him. 538 00:35:35,260 --> 00:35:37,804 Larry came to Stax Records. 539 00:35:37,887 --> 00:35:40,640 He was ready for us, and we were ready for him. 540 00:35:43,143 --> 00:35:45,937 We were not apologizing for who we were. 541 00:35:48,148 --> 00:35:50,275 You could see it in the fabric 542 00:35:50,358 --> 00:35:52,444 of everything we were doing at Stax. 543 00:35:52,527 --> 00:35:54,821 ♪ I know a place ♪ 544 00:35:55,280 --> 00:35:56,489 ♪ Uh ♪ 545 00:35:56,573 --> 00:35:59,242 ♪ Ain't nobody cryin' ♪ 546 00:36:01,453 --> 00:36:04,664 ♪ Ain't nobody worried ♪ 547 00:36:04,748 --> 00:36:06,207 ♪ No ♪ 548 00:36:06,291 --> 00:36:08,626 ♪ Ain't no smilin' faces ♪ 549 00:36:09,085 --> 00:36:11,129 ♪ Mm-mm, no, no ♪ 550 00:36:11,171 --> 00:36:13,965 ♪ Lyin' to the races ♪ 551 00:36:16,926 --> 00:36:18,178 ♪ Help me, now ♪ 552 00:36:18,261 --> 00:36:19,971 ♪ I'll take you there ♪ 553 00:36:28,813 --> 00:36:31,441 When I showed up at Lincoln University, 554 00:36:31,483 --> 00:36:34,110 a Black college in Pennsylvania, 555 00:36:34,152 --> 00:36:35,653 my classmates acted like 556 00:36:35,737 --> 00:36:38,990 I had just come off the Underground Railroad. 557 00:36:39,657 --> 00:36:42,160 They'd go, "Where you from, brother?" 558 00:36:42,243 --> 00:36:44,954 I said "Memphis." They'd go, "Tennessee?" 559 00:36:45,663 --> 00:36:47,999 It was only basically three things 560 00:36:48,041 --> 00:36:50,335 that they knew about Memphis: 561 00:36:50,377 --> 00:36:53,171 Dr. King's assassination, 562 00:36:53,213 --> 00:36:54,756 Elvis, 563 00:36:55,799 --> 00:36:58,343 and they knew about Stax. 564 00:37:05,684 --> 00:37:10,313 You would bring your girlfriend over to the dorm room, 565 00:37:10,355 --> 00:37:14,567 and the universal signal for your roommate 566 00:37:15,110 --> 00:37:18,363 that work was going on inside the room 567 00:37:18,446 --> 00:37:21,866 was Isaac on the stereo. 568 00:37:22,867 --> 00:37:25,537 If you had the misfortune of hearing Isaac 569 00:37:25,578 --> 00:37:27,914 coming up under the door, 570 00:37:28,998 --> 00:37:31,501 find somewhere else to sleep. 571 00:37:32,919 --> 00:37:35,213 By my junior year, 572 00:37:35,255 --> 00:37:38,133 you couldn't go in a dorm room, 573 00:37:38,216 --> 00:37:39,759 not one... 574 00:37:40,844 --> 00:37:45,598 if they had anything on the wall, it was Isaac. 575 00:37:53,440 --> 00:37:56,609 When Isaac Hayes walked on the stage, 576 00:37:57,235 --> 00:37:59,446 just set 'em on fire. 577 00:38:03,074 --> 00:38:04,993 People went crazy. 578 00:38:14,252 --> 00:38:16,046 I grew up really poor. 579 00:38:18,298 --> 00:38:20,633 And my grandparents raised me. 580 00:38:23,970 --> 00:38:27,640 I can remember segregation 581 00:38:29,267 --> 00:38:31,436 and sitting in the back of the bus, 582 00:38:31,603 --> 00:38:33,605 sitting in the crow's nest in the movie. 583 00:38:37,108 --> 00:38:38,818 Colored and white fountains. 584 00:38:41,946 --> 00:38:43,656 I had to live with that. 585 00:38:45,241 --> 00:38:46,826 Didn't like it. 586 00:38:50,330 --> 00:38:52,457 I started wearing these chains. 587 00:38:53,375 --> 00:38:59,297 What once represented bondage and captivity to a Black man, 588 00:38:59,339 --> 00:39:01,091 it represents strength. 589 00:39:01,966 --> 00:39:03,885 I wore it with pride. 590 00:39:06,596 --> 00:39:09,265 And it meant something to Black people. 591 00:39:11,518 --> 00:39:13,853 Ladies and gentlemen... 592 00:39:19,818 --> 00:39:23,238 The name, Black Moses, just caught on like wildfire. 593 00:39:26,199 --> 00:39:27,909 Look at that. 594 00:39:31,121 --> 00:39:32,789 -Look at that. 595 00:39:32,831 --> 00:39:36,668 Is this the start of a Black Moses movement or what? 596 00:39:42,716 --> 00:39:46,761 It thrust me out in the national spotlight. 597 00:39:51,182 --> 00:39:55,020 There was a meeting at MGM and they were talking about, 598 00:39:55,061 --> 00:39:58,898 why not aim a movie to the Black consumer market 599 00:39:58,982 --> 00:40:02,360 with a Black director, leading actor, 600 00:40:02,444 --> 00:40:05,488 editor, a Black composer, 601 00:40:05,530 --> 00:40:07,407 and my name was brought up. 602 00:40:09,367 --> 00:40:12,871 Isaac and Gordon Parks and Al Bell 603 00:40:12,954 --> 00:40:17,542 came in the studio to introduce the band to the project. 604 00:40:17,959 --> 00:40:20,295 We watched the opening footage of Shaft 605 00:40:20,378 --> 00:40:22,714 on this little Moviola machine. 606 00:40:23,548 --> 00:40:25,258 "All right, all y'all gather around me." 607 00:40:25,342 --> 00:40:28,553 So all our heads were pushed to look at that little screen. 608 00:40:28,595 --> 00:40:31,556 Now the sequence we saw this morning, Times Square, 609 00:40:31,639 --> 00:40:33,224 panned in off the skyscrapers 610 00:40:33,266 --> 00:40:35,352 along 42nd Street, over the marquees. 611 00:40:35,393 --> 00:40:37,771 And when Shaft pops up out of that subway, 612 00:40:37,854 --> 00:40:39,814 that's when this should really come on. 613 00:40:39,898 --> 00:40:42,192 When Isaac said, "Hey man, we're gonna start playing right here." 614 00:40:42,233 --> 00:40:45,695 He said, "Clarence," he said, "Watch Roundtree's feet." 615 00:40:45,737 --> 00:40:48,823 He said, "I want you to give me some 16ths to that tempo." 616 00:40:49,616 --> 00:40:51,409 So I'd start watching, and I... 617 00:41:20,438 --> 00:41:22,982 "Shaft," I mean, it just was amazing. 618 00:41:23,066 --> 00:41:24,609 That's all I can say. 619 00:41:27,904 --> 00:41:30,281 -Yeah, that's what I wanted. 620 00:41:30,365 --> 00:41:32,409 And the 16ths was perfect 621 00:41:32,450 --> 00:41:33,743 for what was needed there. 622 00:41:33,785 --> 00:41:35,370 That was great for that Shaft walk. 623 00:41:35,453 --> 00:41:38,498 -Uh-huh. -Isaac Hayes, genius. 624 00:41:42,460 --> 00:41:43,795 Shaft. 625 00:41:43,837 --> 00:41:46,131 Hotter than Bond, cooler than Bullitt. 626 00:41:47,549 --> 00:41:48,633 Rated R. 627 00:41:48,717 --> 00:41:51,052 If you want to see Shaft, 628 00:41:51,136 --> 00:41:52,846 ask your momma. 629 00:41:53,555 --> 00:41:55,640 We advertised on Black radio, 630 00:41:55,724 --> 00:41:59,144 on Top 40 radio, on mainstream radio, 631 00:41:59,227 --> 00:42:00,395 in the newspapers, 632 00:42:00,478 --> 00:42:03,148 and we blew up in the marketplace, 633 00:42:03,231 --> 00:42:05,275 -I gotta tell you. -Shaft! 634 00:42:06,109 --> 00:42:09,863 After we had won a Grammy, I wanted to ensure 635 00:42:09,946 --> 00:42:14,492 that Isaac got the creative recognition that he deserved. 636 00:42:18,788 --> 00:42:20,749 I said, "What we gotta do is, 637 00:42:20,832 --> 00:42:22,625 we gotta figure out a way 638 00:42:22,667 --> 00:42:27,339 to ensure that Isaac Hayes gets an Oscar nomination." 639 00:42:28,840 --> 00:42:30,717 I mean, that's the ultimate. 640 00:42:32,427 --> 00:42:34,721 But my friend Quincy Jones told me, 641 00:42:34,804 --> 00:42:36,848 "Al, you're gonna have a problem 642 00:42:36,890 --> 00:42:40,518 because those guys that make those nominations, Al, 643 00:42:40,560 --> 00:42:42,312 they're long-haired white guys. 644 00:42:42,354 --> 00:42:44,356 I don't know how you're gonna do it, 645 00:42:44,439 --> 00:42:45,690 but you're gonna have to do something 646 00:42:45,732 --> 00:42:49,235 to cause those guys that make the decisions 647 00:42:49,319 --> 00:42:50,945 to even consider 'Shaft.'" 648 00:42:51,446 --> 00:42:53,156 Shaft is a bad mother... 649 00:42:53,198 --> 00:42:54,199 Shut yo' mouth. 650 00:42:54,657 --> 00:42:56,034 I said, "Let's figure out 651 00:42:56,076 --> 00:42:58,161 what we have to do to appeal to white people." 652 00:42:59,412 --> 00:43:01,373 I took it on as a challenge. 653 00:43:01,831 --> 00:43:04,668 The first thing we did was determine the names 654 00:43:04,709 --> 00:43:08,129 of all those people that would be making that decision 655 00:43:08,213 --> 00:43:11,549 and check what radio stations did they listen to. 656 00:43:12,050 --> 00:43:15,720 We went in and bought time on all of those radio stations, 657 00:43:15,762 --> 00:43:17,263 heavy rotation. 658 00:43:17,347 --> 00:43:22,018 And then we got Sammy Davis Jr. to record "Shaft." 659 00:43:22,435 --> 00:43:27,107 ♪ Yeah, he's bad, bad, bad, bad, bad, bad, bad ♪ 660 00:43:27,190 --> 00:43:30,568 ♪ Bad, bad, bad, bad, bad, bad, bad ♪ 661 00:43:31,027 --> 00:43:34,614 ♪ Bad, bad, bad, bad, bad, bad, bad ♪ 662 00:43:35,323 --> 00:43:38,368 So we had people talking about it in the industry. 663 00:43:41,204 --> 00:43:44,332 But I kept hearing, "It's Black, it's Black, it's Black." 664 00:43:44,416 --> 00:43:48,211 So we needed to do something unique 665 00:43:48,253 --> 00:43:51,756 to try to put a white perspective on "Shaft." 666 00:43:52,757 --> 00:43:57,262 We found out Pasadena City College marching band 667 00:43:57,303 --> 00:43:59,597 plays on the Rose Bowl. 668 00:44:17,073 --> 00:44:19,451 So all of a sudden now, "Shaft" isn't so Black. 669 00:44:19,534 --> 00:44:20,869 And it worked. 670 00:44:21,870 --> 00:44:25,081 So we get a nomination. Fabulous. 671 00:44:25,123 --> 00:44:30,587 And I ask for Isaac Hayes to perform on Oscar Awards. 672 00:44:30,628 --> 00:44:32,464 And they said, "No, we don't... 673 00:44:32,505 --> 00:44:34,007 we don't have any available time." 674 00:44:34,090 --> 00:44:37,844 I said, "Listen, if we can't work out an arrangement 675 00:44:37,927 --> 00:44:41,139 to get Isaac Hayes on there live, performing, 676 00:44:41,222 --> 00:44:46,644 I'm gonna come and go downstairs in front of your building, 677 00:44:46,686 --> 00:44:48,146 call a press conference, 678 00:44:48,188 --> 00:44:49,898 and tell these people in the press 679 00:44:49,981 --> 00:44:51,316 that y'all are racist." 680 00:44:51,399 --> 00:44:53,943 They said, "Al, you wouldn't do that, would you?" 681 00:44:53,985 --> 00:44:56,363 I said, uh, "Yeah, I'll do that 682 00:44:56,446 --> 00:44:58,573 unless we can work out some kind of understanding 683 00:44:58,656 --> 00:44:59,657 on getting Isaac Hayes." 684 00:44:59,699 --> 00:45:00,825 "Al, we don't have the budget." 685 00:45:00,909 --> 00:45:02,494 I said, "We'll pay for everything 686 00:45:02,535 --> 00:45:03,745 that has to be paid for." 687 00:45:03,828 --> 00:45:07,123 "If you'll pay for it, Al, we'll do it." 688 00:45:07,165 --> 00:45:08,291 Live, 689 00:45:08,333 --> 00:45:12,170 the 44th Annual Academy Awards presentation. 690 00:45:12,754 --> 00:45:15,090 Isaac came down, playing his organ 691 00:45:15,173 --> 00:45:17,467 with smoke coming up all around him. 692 00:45:18,051 --> 00:45:19,886 ♪ Who's the Black private dick ♪ 693 00:45:19,969 --> 00:45:22,847 ♪ That's a sex machine to all the chicks? ♪ 694 00:45:22,889 --> 00:45:25,767 -♪ Shaft! ♪ -♪ You're damn right ♪ 695 00:45:26,351 --> 00:45:28,186 And the winner is... 696 00:45:30,522 --> 00:45:32,732 Isaac Hayes, "Theme From Shaft." 697 00:45:33,525 --> 00:45:36,361 ♪ Who is the man that would risk his neck ♪ 698 00:45:36,444 --> 00:45:38,113 ♪ For his brother man? ♪ 699 00:45:38,655 --> 00:45:40,365 ♪ Shaft! ♪ 700 00:45:40,407 --> 00:45:41,574 ♪ Can you dig it? ♪ 701 00:45:53,294 --> 00:45:55,505 I would like to thank the Academy. 702 00:45:56,798 --> 00:45:59,092 And I would like to thank the Stax organization 703 00:45:59,175 --> 00:46:03,430 for encouraging me to score a motion picture. 704 00:46:04,264 --> 00:46:05,515 Most of all, 705 00:46:05,557 --> 00:46:08,601 I would like to thank a lady who's here with me tonight 706 00:46:09,185 --> 00:46:14,399 because years ago, her path and her prayers 707 00:46:14,441 --> 00:46:18,069 kept my feet on the path of righteousness, 708 00:46:18,111 --> 00:46:20,196 and that's my grandmother, and... 709 00:46:20,280 --> 00:46:21,948 this is a thrill for me. 710 00:46:22,032 --> 00:46:25,702 And also, a few days is her 80th birthday, and I... 711 00:46:25,744 --> 00:46:27,662 this is her present from me. 712 00:46:27,746 --> 00:46:29,414 -Thank you. 713 00:46:34,294 --> 00:46:37,088 Isaac is the first Black songwriter 714 00:46:37,130 --> 00:46:39,632 to ever win an Academy Award, 715 00:46:40,425 --> 00:46:43,595 and it takes him to a level of superstardom 716 00:46:43,636 --> 00:46:49,017 that probably no other Black artist had at that moment. 717 00:46:50,518 --> 00:46:53,772 I told Isaac, "I'm gonna advertise in the newspapers, 718 00:46:53,813 --> 00:46:56,316 I'm gonna advertise on radio and television 719 00:46:56,399 --> 00:46:58,193 that Isaac Hayes is coming 720 00:46:58,276 --> 00:47:00,612 to give the Oscar back to the people." 721 00:47:00,987 --> 00:47:03,156 Can you imagine the impact and effect it had? 722 00:47:11,122 --> 00:47:13,833 Oh my goodness, you should see the kids 723 00:47:13,917 --> 00:47:16,711 when they would see Isaac pull up. 724 00:47:16,795 --> 00:47:19,422 Oh man, they would go... come running. 725 00:47:20,965 --> 00:47:24,594 They would be at the fence looking at the car. 726 00:47:26,471 --> 00:47:29,641 And nobody had ever seen anything like it before. 727 00:47:30,725 --> 00:47:34,062 When I moved to Memphis and was writing my book, 728 00:47:34,145 --> 00:47:37,023 I met a gentleman who worked as a fireman. 729 00:47:37,982 --> 00:47:39,776 He told me how, as a kid, 730 00:47:39,818 --> 00:47:41,861 his mom would walk him to school 731 00:47:41,945 --> 00:47:44,280 and they would go by Stax every day. 732 00:47:44,322 --> 00:47:49,661 His mother made a point of it, that this was who you could be. 733 00:47:49,744 --> 00:47:51,329 These were Black people, 734 00:47:51,413 --> 00:47:53,415 Black people from our neighborhood. 735 00:47:56,501 --> 00:47:58,294 This was success. 736 00:48:01,464 --> 00:48:03,299 Again, I thank the city of Memphis, 737 00:48:03,341 --> 00:48:06,177 and I'm proud to represent the city of Memphis, 738 00:48:06,845 --> 00:48:08,304 Black and white. 739 00:48:08,346 --> 00:48:09,889 And we should take it upon ourselves 740 00:48:09,973 --> 00:48:14,185 to be the model city which we say we are. 741 00:48:14,811 --> 00:48:16,438 If there be more, 742 00:48:17,355 --> 00:48:21,276 I shall go out and try to spread the goodwill 743 00:48:21,693 --> 00:48:23,194 and the good word 744 00:48:23,278 --> 00:48:28,116 through the universal language of music. 745 00:48:28,199 --> 00:48:30,577 -♪ Yeah ♪ 746 00:48:30,660 --> 00:48:33,038 ♪ Respect yourself ♪ 747 00:48:33,121 --> 00:48:34,831 ♪ Mm-mm, yeah ♪ 748 00:48:34,873 --> 00:48:37,167 ♪ Respect yourself ♪ 749 00:48:37,208 --> 00:48:40,837 ♪ Yeah, respect yourself ♪ 750 00:48:41,379 --> 00:48:45,133 ♪ You, you, you, you respect yourself ♪ 751 00:48:46,051 --> 00:48:47,886 ♪ Di-di-di-di ♪ 752 00:48:47,969 --> 00:48:51,389 ♪ If you don't respect yourself ♪ 753 00:48:51,431 --> 00:48:55,393 ♪ Ain't nobody gonna give a good cahoot ♪ 754 00:48:55,477 --> 00:48:59,022 -♪ Na-na-na-na-na-na ♪ -♪ Respect yourself ♪ 755 00:48:59,064 --> 00:49:01,566 ♪ Na-na-na-na-na ♪ 756 00:49:01,608 --> 00:49:02,901 ♪ Respect yourself ♪ 757 00:49:02,984 --> 00:49:05,904 ♪ Di-di-di-di ♪ 758 00:49:05,987 --> 00:49:07,739 ♪ Respect yourself ♪ 759 00:49:07,781 --> 00:49:11,910 -♪ Na-na-na-na-na ♪ -♪ You, respect yourself ♪ 760 00:49:11,993 --> 00:49:13,912 ♪ Di-di-di-di ♪ 761 00:49:13,995 --> 00:49:16,247 ♪ Respect yourself ♪ 762 00:49:16,289 --> 00:49:18,249 ♪ Na-na-na-na-na ♪ 763 00:49:18,333 --> 00:49:20,502 ♪ Respect yourself ♪ 764 00:49:20,585 --> 00:49:22,712 ♪ Di-di-di-di ♪ 765 00:49:22,754 --> 00:49:24,756 ♪ Respect yourself ♪ 766 00:49:24,839 --> 00:49:28,843 -♪ Na-na-na-na-na ♪ -♪ I mean, respect yourself ♪ 56981

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