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-[bell dings]
-Ladies and gentlemen,
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00:00:17,517 --> 00:00:19,519
the captain has turned on
the "No Smoking" sign.
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00:00:19,602 --> 00:00:22,814
At this time, please extinguish
all smoking materials.
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00:00:22,856 --> 00:00:26,484
[gentle, peaceful instrumentals
playing]
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00:00:30,613 --> 00:00:34,367
[Bell] All of the artists that
were on that European tour
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00:00:34,868 --> 00:00:37,620
realized, "Wait a minute.
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00:00:39,831 --> 00:00:41,249
We're stars."
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00:00:52,844 --> 00:00:54,512
But you come home,
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00:00:56,181 --> 00:00:58,558
you're treated like less than.
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Both of us, me and him,
[indistinct]. And this is true.
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[Bell] I remember
we were leaving the studio,
12
00:01:06,232 --> 00:01:09,444
me and Jim and Otis Redding.
13
00:01:12,364 --> 00:01:14,282
As we stepped out of the door,
14
00:01:14,657 --> 00:01:16,076
a police car pulled up...
15
00:01:16,158 --> 00:01:18,828
[siren blaring]
16
00:01:18,870 --> 00:01:20,663
...and they jumped out
with their guns,
17
00:01:20,705 --> 00:01:22,999
and they said, "Nigger,
get back in that building.
18
00:01:23,041 --> 00:01:24,709
We don't allow niggers
on the streets
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00:01:24,751 --> 00:01:26,336
in Memphis with white people."
20
00:01:26,920 --> 00:01:30,006
And I said "But officer,
we work here."
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00:01:30,048 --> 00:01:32,801
And he said,
"You wanna go downtown?"
22
00:01:33,468 --> 00:01:36,471
[muffled, indistinct
crowd noise]
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00:01:36,554 --> 00:01:39,723
[Jones] It was just too strong
a system to tear down.
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00:01:40,809 --> 00:01:44,521
In Memphis, you needed
to keep your mouth shut
25
00:01:45,063 --> 00:01:46,731
and hope for the best.
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00:01:48,525 --> 00:01:49,859
Or fight.
27
00:01:51,027 --> 00:01:54,155
-[lights click]
-[electricity buzzing]
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00:01:55,740 --> 00:01:58,785
[buzzing intensifies]
29
00:01:58,868 --> 00:02:00,412
[echoing click]
30
00:02:00,495 --> 00:02:04,124
A policeman in a Black community
is a licensed killer.
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00:02:04,749 --> 00:02:06,084
Is a licensed killer.
32
00:02:06,167 --> 00:02:09,503
A Black man attacking
a policeman is a rioter.
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00:02:10,255 --> 00:02:12,841
-Yeah. [laughs]
-[laughter]
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00:02:13,925 --> 00:02:17,303
That's cause the Black man
don't have the license to kill.
35
00:02:17,387 --> 00:02:20,306
[mournful violin music playing]
36
00:02:20,390 --> 00:02:22,767
[police siren wailing]
37
00:02:30,567 --> 00:02:34,279
[solemn, lilting
string melody playing]
38
00:02:42,078 --> 00:02:45,248
-[indistinct shouting]
-[shuffling footsteps]
39
00:02:45,290 --> 00:02:47,584
[Hayes]
People had been suppressed.
40
00:02:49,377 --> 00:02:51,504
You know, you can suppress
a person for so long
41
00:02:51,588 --> 00:02:54,007
and they will...
they will rise up.
42
00:02:54,090 --> 00:02:55,925
We're coming down here,
hoping to tell you,
43
00:02:55,966 --> 00:02:57,969
you, you, you,
and you with the camera,
44
00:02:58,053 --> 00:02:59,179
we wakin' up.
45
00:02:59,262 --> 00:03:01,973
[solemn, lilting
string melody continues]
46
00:03:07,645 --> 00:03:10,231
We are in the worst crisis
we have known
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00:03:10,315 --> 00:03:11,816
since the Civil War,
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00:03:11,900 --> 00:03:14,986
and time is running short to try
to find some answers to it.
49
00:03:15,820 --> 00:03:17,614
[man] This is gonna happen
all over America.
50
00:03:17,655 --> 00:03:19,866
It's gonna be a hot world,
not a hot summer.
51
00:03:19,949 --> 00:03:21,618
It's a hot world.
52
00:03:23,661 --> 00:03:25,329
But, brother, America
better wake up to this.
53
00:03:25,413 --> 00:03:28,041
If they don't, we're gonna
burn down America.
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00:03:28,625 --> 00:03:30,543
[Porter] You had
a whole society attemptin'
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00:03:30,627 --> 00:03:33,338
to take self-pride
away from you.
56
00:03:34,339 --> 00:03:37,550
Isaac and I came
from a generation,
57
00:03:37,634 --> 00:03:39,219
there was a spirit and attitude,
58
00:03:39,302 --> 00:03:41,012
"Well, this shit
has got to change.
59
00:03:41,721 --> 00:03:45,016
And we are not gonna be
receptive to someone abusing
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00:03:45,100 --> 00:03:46,893
or taking advantage of us."
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00:03:50,313 --> 00:03:51,690
[music fades]
62
00:03:51,773 --> 00:03:54,817
[indistinct chatter]
63
00:03:55,610 --> 00:03:59,531
[Hayes] I started noticing,
all the Black businesses,
64
00:03:59,614 --> 00:04:03,827
if they write "soul" on the
business, they'll bypass it.
65
00:04:07,914 --> 00:04:09,499
I said, "Wow.
66
00:04:10,834 --> 00:04:12,711
The word 'soul'
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00:04:13,420 --> 00:04:17,048
keeps one from burning up
their establishment.
68
00:04:17,132 --> 00:04:18,591
Wow. 'Soul.'
69
00:04:19,801 --> 00:04:21,553
That's just pride."
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00:04:22,887 --> 00:04:24,305
So I called David.
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00:04:24,723 --> 00:04:28,059
[Porter] Isaac and I talked
about a concept for a song.
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00:04:28,143 --> 00:04:31,688
[peaceful violin melody playing]
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00:04:33,398 --> 00:04:37,944
I saw, in my head, a Black man.
74
00:04:41,239 --> 00:04:44,784
Images of Woodstock,
the county school,
75
00:04:46,411 --> 00:04:48,663
in the outskirts
of Memphis, Tennessee.
76
00:04:50,665 --> 00:04:52,667
And then came this feeling,
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00:04:53,626 --> 00:04:56,421
you can rise above
whatever you're challenged with,
78
00:04:58,214 --> 00:04:59,466
and it's gonna be okay
79
00:04:59,549 --> 00:05:02,093
because you have
soulfulness in your spirit.
80
00:05:05,388 --> 00:05:06,973
Soulfulness in your heart.
81
00:05:07,057 --> 00:05:10,101
And you're gonna be okay
'cause you are a soul man.
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00:05:10,143 --> 00:05:14,773
["Soul Man" by Sam & Dave plays]
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00:05:26,910 --> 00:05:31,373
♪ Comin' to ya
on a dusty road ♪
84
00:05:31,956 --> 00:05:35,543
♪ Good lovin',
I got a truck load ♪
85
00:05:35,627 --> 00:05:37,295
♪ And when you get it ♪
86
00:05:37,337 --> 00:05:39,756
♪ Ha, you got somethin' ♪
87
00:05:40,340 --> 00:05:41,758
♪ So don't worry ♪
88
00:05:42,258 --> 00:05:44,219
♪ 'Cause I'm coming ♪
89
00:05:44,302 --> 00:05:47,097
♪ I'm a soul man ♪
90
00:05:47,138 --> 00:05:48,306
♪ Oh! ♪
91
00:05:48,348 --> 00:05:50,933
♪ I'm a soul man... ♪
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00:05:53,144 --> 00:05:55,146
[Porter]
If you listen to "Soul Man,"
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00:05:55,730 --> 00:05:58,066
the lyrics sounds like you're
talking about falling in love,
94
00:05:58,149 --> 00:06:01,319
but you're really talking
about pride and dignity.
95
00:06:01,695 --> 00:06:05,115
♪ Grab the rope
and I'll pull you in ♪
96
00:06:06,157 --> 00:06:07,701
♪ Give you hope ♪
97
00:06:07,784 --> 00:06:10,412
♪ And be your only boyfriend ♪
98
00:06:10,495 --> 00:06:12,330
-♪ Yeah, yeah ♪
-♪ Yeah, yeah ♪
99
00:06:12,414 --> 00:06:14,582
["Soul Man" continues]
100
00:06:19,671 --> 00:06:22,674
-♪ I'm talkin' about a ♪
-♪ Soul man ♪
101
00:06:22,757 --> 00:06:24,759
-♪ I'm a ♪
-♪ Soul man ♪
102
00:06:24,843 --> 00:06:27,345
-♪ And you ♪
-♪ A soul man ♪
103
00:06:27,387 --> 00:06:29,014
-♪ Ah ♪
-♪ Soul man ♪
104
00:06:29,055 --> 00:06:30,223
♪ And you... ♪
105
00:06:30,306 --> 00:06:31,641
[radio DJ] I'm a soul man,
Sam & Dave,
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00:06:31,683 --> 00:06:33,685
at 28 minutes 'til two o clock,
200 and...
107
00:06:33,727 --> 00:06:35,520
[Bowman] Isaac Hayes
and David Porter
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00:06:35,603 --> 00:06:38,690
had written this song
that became a number one hit
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00:06:38,732 --> 00:06:41,568
on both the Black
and white charts.
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00:06:42,235 --> 00:06:44,279
They succeed commercially
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00:06:44,362 --> 00:06:46,656
and still give voice
to the community.
112
00:06:46,698 --> 00:06:48,992
-♪ And you ♪
-♪ A soul man ♪
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00:06:49,826 --> 00:06:53,163
Stax proves you can have it
both ways at once:
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00:06:54,330 --> 00:06:55,832
make hit records
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00:06:55,874 --> 00:06:58,918
but also speak
about Black uplift.
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00:06:59,336 --> 00:07:01,421
-♪ Oh, Lord ♪
-♪ Soul man ♪
117
00:07:01,504 --> 00:07:03,548
-♪ I'm a ♪
-♪ Soul man ♪
118
00:07:03,590 --> 00:07:05,800
-♪ And you ♪
-♪ A soul man ♪
119
00:07:05,884 --> 00:07:06,926
[song fades]
120
00:07:07,010 --> 00:07:09,637
[jarring, echoing scream]
121
00:07:09,721 --> 00:07:12,974
["Section 43" by Country Joe
& the Fish plays]
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00:07:18,563 --> 00:07:22,067
[Bell] 1967 motivated
the hell out of me.
123
00:07:22,901 --> 00:07:27,113
I was on the kill to take Stax
to the next level.
124
00:07:28,907 --> 00:07:32,786
The event that provided
that opportunity
125
00:07:32,869 --> 00:07:36,706
was the Monterey Pop Festival
in northern California.
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00:07:37,957 --> 00:07:40,835
[Bowman] Otis Redding
was invited to Monterey.
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00:07:41,628 --> 00:07:44,673
He would be playing
for the counterculture,
128
00:07:44,756 --> 00:07:46,508
a mostly white rock audience
129
00:07:46,591 --> 00:07:49,135
that he's totally
unfamiliar with,
130
00:07:49,219 --> 00:07:52,305
and that he's pretty sure are
pretty unfamiliar with him.
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00:07:52,389 --> 00:07:55,100
["Section 43" continues]
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00:07:56,935 --> 00:07:58,937
[crowd cheering]
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00:07:58,978 --> 00:08:02,023
When we got to Monterey,
we were shocked.
134
00:08:03,108 --> 00:08:05,110
It was the biggest crowd
we'd ever seen.
135
00:08:05,610 --> 00:08:08,279
And there was
about 55,000 people...
136
00:08:08,613 --> 00:08:11,616
["Section 43" continues]
137
00:08:11,700 --> 00:08:13,702
...and they were hippies,
138
00:08:16,913 --> 00:08:19,791
and they were
smoking dope out in public.
139
00:08:20,207 --> 00:08:22,794
And the cops were wandering
around through the crowd.
140
00:08:23,461 --> 00:08:25,130
Nobody seemed to care.
141
00:08:25,213 --> 00:08:26,464
[laughs]
142
00:08:26,548 --> 00:08:30,093
["Section 43" continues]
143
00:08:31,594 --> 00:08:34,806
[Cropper] We walked around
and saw just odd stuff.
144
00:08:36,307 --> 00:08:37,976
All these art people,
145
00:08:39,644 --> 00:08:41,229
flower children,
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00:08:42,522 --> 00:08:45,734
which is another breed
of human being, I think.
147
00:08:47,402 --> 00:08:49,863
[Jones]
We were just so outta place.
148
00:08:53,158 --> 00:08:56,536
We were the only people
within miles that had suits.
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00:08:57,162 --> 00:09:00,707
[song intensifies]
150
00:09:02,917 --> 00:09:05,003
[song fades]
151
00:09:05,045 --> 00:09:06,671
[cheering, applause]
152
00:09:06,713 --> 00:09:08,381
[Tommy Smothers]
It's been a real groovy day
153
00:09:08,465 --> 00:09:09,674
and a great evening, and here,
154
00:09:10,258 --> 00:09:13,636
let's bring on with a big hand,
Mr. Otis Redding.
155
00:09:14,554 --> 00:09:16,598
Otis Redding hit the stage.
156
00:09:17,849 --> 00:09:20,393
All those hippies got quiet.
157
00:09:20,477 --> 00:09:22,645
[scattered applause, chatter]
158
00:09:23,021 --> 00:09:25,357
They ain't seen anything
like us.
159
00:09:25,815 --> 00:09:28,735
-[chatter]
-[mellow organ music plays]
160
00:09:31,363 --> 00:09:33,448
This is the love crowd, right?
161
00:09:33,823 --> 00:09:36,034
We all love each other,
don't we?
162
00:09:36,743 --> 00:09:38,745
-Am I right?
-[uproarious cheering]
163
00:09:38,828 --> 00:09:40,538
Let me hear you
say, "Yeah" then!
164
00:09:40,580 --> 00:09:42,582
-[crowd cheers] Yeah!
-All right.
165
00:09:42,665 --> 00:09:45,001
[mellow melody continues]
166
00:09:46,211 --> 00:09:52,759
♪ I've been loving you ♪
167
00:09:54,511 --> 00:09:57,847
♪ Too long ♪
168
00:10:00,392 --> 00:10:03,353
♪ To stop now ♪
169
00:10:03,395 --> 00:10:06,231
[music builds]
170
00:10:07,524 --> 00:10:12,153
♪ You were tired ♪
171
00:10:12,987 --> 00:10:16,991
♪ And you want to be free ♪
172
00:10:18,410 --> 00:10:22,956
♪ My love is growing stronger ♪
173
00:10:23,748 --> 00:10:27,919
♪ As you become a habit to me ♪
174
00:10:29,421 --> 00:10:32,257
♪ I've been loving you ♪
175
00:10:34,426 --> 00:10:37,721
♪ Oh, too long ♪
176
00:10:39,014 --> 00:10:41,850
♪ And I don't
wanna stop now, no ♪
177
00:10:41,933 --> 00:10:44,978
-[three horn notes & drum beats]
-Oh! Oh!
178
00:10:45,437 --> 00:10:47,647
Can you do that one more time,
Al, just like that?
179
00:10:47,731 --> 00:10:51,026
-[three horn notes & drum beats]
-Oh! Oh!
180
00:10:51,109 --> 00:10:52,610
Do it just one more time!
One more.
181
00:10:52,652 --> 00:10:55,447
-[three horn notes & drum beats]
-Oh! Oh!
182
00:10:55,530 --> 00:10:57,032
Do it just one more time!
183
00:10:57,115 --> 00:11:00,243
-[three horn notes & drum beats]
-Oh! Oh!
184
00:11:00,285 --> 00:11:04,039
♪ With you, my life ♪
185
00:11:04,122 --> 00:11:06,499
[crowd cheering]
186
00:11:06,583 --> 00:11:10,712
♪ Has been so wonderful ♪
187
00:11:13,006 --> 00:11:15,133
♪ And I don't wanna stop now ♪
188
00:11:15,800 --> 00:11:17,135
♪ No ♪
189
00:11:17,886 --> 00:11:19,679
♪ No, no ♪
190
00:11:20,805 --> 00:11:24,726
[Jones] He exposed
deep vulnerability.
191
00:11:26,061 --> 00:11:28,229
♪ Just a little bit too long ♪
192
00:11:28,313 --> 00:11:33,443
[Cropper] He just
rolled over 'em like the tide.
193
00:11:34,486 --> 00:11:35,820
♪ No ♪
194
00:11:36,321 --> 00:11:37,822
♪ No, no ♪
195
00:11:38,656 --> 00:11:41,493
♪ Don't make me stop now ♪
196
00:11:41,534 --> 00:11:43,495
♪ Lord have mercy ♪
197
00:11:43,578 --> 00:11:45,830
♪ No, baby ♪
198
00:11:45,872 --> 00:11:47,999
♪ I'm down on my knees ♪
199
00:11:48,083 --> 00:11:51,753
♪ Please don't make me
stop now, yeah ♪
200
00:11:52,462 --> 00:11:54,297
♪ I love you ♪
201
00:11:54,339 --> 00:11:55,340
♪ I love you ♪
202
00:11:55,382 --> 00:11:57,884
♪ I love you
with all my heart ♪
203
00:11:57,967 --> 00:12:00,553
♪ And I can't stop now ♪
204
00:12:00,970 --> 00:12:06,267
♪ Please, please,
please, yeah ♪
205
00:12:06,351 --> 00:12:09,229
♪ Don't make me stop now,
yeah, yeah, yeah ♪
206
00:12:09,688 --> 00:12:10,897
♪ Not right now ♪
207
00:12:10,980 --> 00:12:13,149
♪ With heart and soul,
I love you ♪
208
00:12:13,191 --> 00:12:16,986
♪ I love you,
good God Almighty, I love you ♪
209
00:12:17,028 --> 00:12:19,030
♪ I love you, baby ♪
210
00:12:19,114 --> 00:12:20,907
♪ I love you, honey ♪
211
00:12:20,990 --> 00:12:22,200
♪ Good God Almighty ♪
212
00:12:22,283 --> 00:12:25,745
♪ Good God Almighty,
I love... ♪
213
00:12:25,829 --> 00:12:28,957
[finale musical flourish]
214
00:12:30,000 --> 00:12:33,128
-[song ends]
-[raucous cheering]
215
00:12:44,889 --> 00:12:46,808
[Redding] Thank you.
216
00:12:47,684 --> 00:12:49,519
[Jones] We felt love
from the crowd,
217
00:12:49,561 --> 00:12:50,895
and it was an exchange.
218
00:12:50,937 --> 00:12:54,399
It was open, and it was real.
219
00:12:56,735 --> 00:13:00,947
That night, he crossed over
to alternative,
220
00:13:01,031 --> 00:13:02,699
or whatever you wanna
call that crowd.
221
00:13:02,741 --> 00:13:05,118
[indistinct chatter]
222
00:13:05,201 --> 00:13:08,121
It felt like America
was different.
223
00:13:10,081 --> 00:13:14,878
These flower children,
to react like they did,
224
00:13:14,919 --> 00:13:17,464
opened the door
for Stax Records.
225
00:13:17,547 --> 00:13:19,299
[Dick Clark sighs]
He's got a heart full of soul.
226
00:13:19,382 --> 00:13:21,593
Ladies and gentlemen,
Mr. Otis Redding!
227
00:13:21,676 --> 00:13:25,805
["Respect" playing]
228
00:13:31,770 --> 00:13:33,897
♪ What you want ♪
229
00:13:33,938 --> 00:13:35,899
♪ Honey, you've got it ♪
230
00:13:35,940 --> 00:13:37,734
♪ And what you need ♪
231
00:13:37,776 --> 00:13:39,944
♪ Baby, you've got it ♪
232
00:13:40,028 --> 00:13:41,946
♪ All I'm asking ♪
233
00:13:41,988 --> 00:13:44,949
♪ Is for a little respect
when I come home ♪
234
00:13:45,033 --> 00:13:46,368
♪ Hey, now ♪
235
00:13:46,451 --> 00:13:48,203
♪ Hey, hey, hey ♪
236
00:13:48,787 --> 00:13:50,830
[Bowman] By 1967,
237
00:13:50,914 --> 00:13:54,209
southern soul music explodes,
238
00:13:54,292 --> 00:13:58,588
and Stax was
the blueprint for that sound.
239
00:13:58,630 --> 00:14:00,215
♪ Honey, while I'm gone ♪
240
00:14:00,298 --> 00:14:02,008
♪ But all I'm asking ♪
241
00:14:02,092 --> 00:14:05,053
♪ Is for a little respect
when I come home ♪
242
00:14:05,136 --> 00:14:07,305
♪ Oh yeah, now,
hey, hey, hey ♪
243
00:14:07,389 --> 00:14:10,850
[Bowman] With Stax getting
this level of national success,
244
00:14:11,351 --> 00:14:14,104
recording studios
across the South
245
00:14:14,854 --> 00:14:17,232
begin to replicate
the Stax sound.
246
00:14:18,441 --> 00:14:21,319
All right, you make the first
and the second beat.
247
00:14:21,653 --> 00:14:24,447
To clarify, you make the first
second, and third beat.
248
00:14:24,864 --> 00:14:26,658
♪ What you want ♪
249
00:14:26,741 --> 00:14:28,660
♪ Baby, I got it ♪
250
00:14:28,743 --> 00:14:30,120
♪ What you need ♪
251
00:14:30,161 --> 00:14:31,663
♪ You know I got it ♪
252
00:14:31,746 --> 00:14:33,415
♪ All I'm asking ♪
253
00:14:33,498 --> 00:14:36,042
♪ Is for a little respect
when you get home ♪
254
00:14:36,126 --> 00:14:38,128
♪ Baby, when you get home ♪
255
00:14:38,169 --> 00:14:40,046
-♪ Just a little bit ♪
-♪ Mister ♪
256
00:14:40,130 --> 00:14:42,007
♪ Just a little bit... ♪
257
00:14:42,048 --> 00:14:44,759
[Bowman]
When you hear Aretha Franklin,
258
00:14:44,843 --> 00:14:46,177
Wilson Pickett,
259
00:14:47,220 --> 00:14:48,596
Etta James,
260
00:14:49,222 --> 00:14:51,516
you're hearing the sound
of Stax.
261
00:14:51,558 --> 00:14:53,476
[song fades]
262
00:14:53,518 --> 00:14:55,020
[audience cheering]
263
00:14:55,061 --> 00:14:57,188
Well, "Respect" has been a big
record for Otis Redding.
264
00:14:57,272 --> 00:14:59,024
He, uh, wrote the song
a while ago.
265
00:14:59,065 --> 00:15:00,275
You had a big hit with it.
266
00:15:00,358 --> 00:15:02,610
-Right.
-Aretha Franklin did it.
267
00:15:02,652 --> 00:15:04,320
She went and sold a million.
[laughs]
268
00:15:04,362 --> 00:15:07,991
And those royalty checks
are pouring in. [laughs]
269
00:15:09,868 --> 00:15:12,245
[Redding]
It's been a good, uh, year.
270
00:15:12,746 --> 00:15:16,291
[funky rock instrumentals
playing]
271
00:15:20,545 --> 00:15:22,964
[Zelma Redding]
Otis was getting bigger,
272
00:15:23,423 --> 00:15:29,012
and so we had enough money
to buy a 300-acre ranch.
273
00:15:29,054 --> 00:15:31,181
I mean, he loved this place.
274
00:15:32,265 --> 00:15:36,061
Raising hogs and cows and...
275
00:15:37,228 --> 00:15:38,897
If he wasn't working,
276
00:15:38,938 --> 00:15:40,899
he would just sit back here
and write songs.
277
00:15:41,316 --> 00:15:44,069
Music was always in his brain
278
00:15:44,110 --> 00:15:47,364
because my husband wanted
to be a huge star.
279
00:15:48,031 --> 00:15:49,366
[Redding]
Well, the next few years,
280
00:15:49,407 --> 00:15:51,201
the only thing I can say
is if I'll be living,
281
00:15:51,242 --> 00:15:52,869
I hope to be
still doing the same thing,
282
00:15:52,911 --> 00:15:54,204
singing, you know, and...
283
00:15:54,245 --> 00:15:55,955
trying to make that living,
that dollar.
284
00:15:56,039 --> 00:15:59,250
[tense tapping notes playing]
285
00:15:59,334 --> 00:16:02,671
[Bowman] Otis was an extremely
ambitious individual,
286
00:16:04,130 --> 00:16:08,760
and so he was constantly touring
to promote his records.
287
00:16:09,260 --> 00:16:11,596
And he had had
various road bands.
288
00:16:12,305 --> 00:16:14,974
Hired his trumpeter
from South Carolina.
289
00:16:15,058 --> 00:16:17,519
Then his sax player
out of Macon.
290
00:16:18,228 --> 00:16:20,897
But it wasn't the same as having
Booker T. & the M.G.'s,
291
00:16:20,939 --> 00:16:22,982
the best band in the world,
behind him.
292
00:16:23,650 --> 00:16:26,027
Otis said he wanted
Booker T. & the M.G.'s
293
00:16:26,111 --> 00:16:28,113
to go on the road with him,
294
00:16:28,154 --> 00:16:30,073
but Booker T. & the M.G.'s
295
00:16:30,115 --> 00:16:33,493
played behind practically
all of the artists
296
00:16:33,576 --> 00:16:35,453
that recorded at Stax.
297
00:16:36,246 --> 00:16:39,124
[Cropper]
We said, "Otis, we can't tour."
298
00:16:39,874 --> 00:16:42,127
And he said,
"Well, what am I gonna do?"
299
00:16:42,210 --> 00:16:45,630
["Soul Finger"
by The Bar-Kays plays]
300
00:16:51,845 --> 00:16:55,598
[man 1] In high school, I was
in a band called the Bar-Kays.
301
00:16:56,766 --> 00:16:58,643
All of the Bar-Kays
were seniors.
302
00:16:58,685 --> 00:17:03,106
I was a junior, 'cause I was
the... the baby of the group.
303
00:17:03,648 --> 00:17:05,733
We would hang out at Stax.
304
00:17:06,233 --> 00:17:08,486
[Jones] They were like
the little M.G.'s.
305
00:17:09,112 --> 00:17:12,991
Carl was always sitting down
under Al's drums.
306
00:17:13,032 --> 00:17:15,242
James Alexander
became Duck's protege.
307
00:17:15,326 --> 00:17:18,747
Jimmie King watched
Steve Cropper all the time.
308
00:17:18,829 --> 00:17:22,834
Ben Cauley, the horn player.
Phalon Jones, saxophone.
309
00:17:22,876 --> 00:17:24,586
Ronnie on keyboard.
310
00:17:24,669 --> 00:17:28,548
We recorded a song called
"Soul Finger," a hit record.
311
00:17:28,631 --> 00:17:30,592
♪ Soul finger ♪
312
00:17:30,675 --> 00:17:32,510
♪ Soul finger ♪
313
00:17:32,594 --> 00:17:34,679
♪ Soul finger ♪
314
00:17:34,721 --> 00:17:37,182
[man 2] The Bar-Kays would come
to high schools.
315
00:17:37,265 --> 00:17:39,059
There would be girls like, "Oh!"
316
00:17:39,142 --> 00:17:40,935
I would be like, "God!
317
00:17:41,019 --> 00:17:42,562
Did you see that?"
318
00:17:42,645 --> 00:17:44,147
It just blew me away.
319
00:17:44,189 --> 00:17:47,734
["Soul Finger" continues]
320
00:17:50,528 --> 00:17:52,322
[Alexander grunts with song]
Oh! Ah!
321
00:17:52,364 --> 00:17:54,449
Oh! Ah!
322
00:17:54,824 --> 00:17:58,078
I'll just outright say it,
we thought we were the shit.
323
00:17:58,161 --> 00:18:01,081
["Soul Finger" continues]
324
00:18:02,707 --> 00:18:06,628
One night, we were playing
at this club on Beale Street
325
00:18:06,711 --> 00:18:08,338
called The Hippodrome.
326
00:18:09,381 --> 00:18:13,385
Otis Redding comes down,
he watches the band perform.
327
00:18:13,468 --> 00:18:16,262
Then he asked did we know
any of his songs.
328
00:18:16,638 --> 00:18:18,390
I said, "Yeah, I think
we could get through it."
329
00:18:18,431 --> 00:18:21,434
And so he came up on stage
and sit in with us.
330
00:18:21,518 --> 00:18:23,645
♪ You got to... huh! ♪
331
00:18:24,479 --> 00:18:25,563
♪ Yeah ♪
332
00:18:25,605 --> 00:18:28,566
["I Can't Turn You Loose"
by Otis Redding plays]
333
00:18:32,153 --> 00:18:33,530
♪ Yeah, man ♪
334
00:18:34,698 --> 00:18:36,491
[shouts indistinctly]
335
00:18:39,536 --> 00:18:41,621
♪ I can't turn you loose now ♪
336
00:18:41,705 --> 00:18:44,749
♪ If I do,
I'm gonna lose my life ♪
337
00:18:44,833 --> 00:18:48,128
♪ Oh, I can't never
turn you loose, now ♪
338
00:18:48,211 --> 00:18:50,964
♪ If I do,
I'm gonna lose my life ♪
339
00:18:51,047 --> 00:18:54,217
♪ Well, I can't turn you loose
to nobody, now ♪
340
00:18:54,259 --> 00:18:56,928
♪ 'Cause I love you, baby,
yes I do, now ♪
341
00:18:57,012 --> 00:19:00,974
♪ Oh, baby, hip-shakin' mama,
I told you, honey ♪
342
00:19:01,057 --> 00:19:02,934
♪ I'm in love with only you ♪
343
00:19:03,018 --> 00:19:06,646
♪ You got to... to do it,
baby, why don't you? ♪
344
00:19:06,730 --> 00:19:09,816
♪ 'Cause I'm gonna give you
everything that you want ♪
345
00:19:10,442 --> 00:19:13,403
[Bell] Otis looked up
at the sky. [laughs]
346
00:19:13,778 --> 00:19:15,697
It blew Otis Redding's mind.
347
00:19:15,780 --> 00:19:17,032
He said "Hey, man,
348
00:19:17,699 --> 00:19:20,952
I want these boys
to go on the road with me."
349
00:19:21,536 --> 00:19:23,747
[Alexander] The day
that we finished high school,
350
00:19:23,788 --> 00:19:27,125
we left to go on the road
with Otis Redding.
351
00:19:27,208 --> 00:19:29,210
♪ ...with the prettiest thing ♪
352
00:19:29,961 --> 00:19:31,546
I probably had been
353
00:19:31,629 --> 00:19:34,507
no more than 50 miles' radius
outside of Memphis.
354
00:19:35,592 --> 00:19:37,510
♪ I can't turn you loose
to nobody ♪
355
00:19:37,594 --> 00:19:39,137
All of a sudden, we on our way
356
00:19:39,179 --> 00:19:41,389
to the Apollo Theater
in New York.
357
00:19:41,473 --> 00:19:44,351
♪ Oh, baby, hip-shakin' mama,
I told you ♪
358
00:19:44,434 --> 00:19:47,437
♪ I'm in love with only you ♪
359
00:19:47,479 --> 00:19:50,815
♪ Got to do it, baby,
why don't you? ♪
360
00:19:50,899 --> 00:19:53,902
♪ I'm gonna give you
everything that you want ♪
361
00:19:53,985 --> 00:19:55,737
♪ Got to, got to ♪
362
00:19:56,321 --> 00:19:58,656
♪ Got to keep holdin' on ♪
363
00:19:59,324 --> 00:20:01,993
♪ Never gonna turn you loose ♪
364
00:20:02,577 --> 00:20:03,828
♪ Got to keep
a grip on you... ♪
365
00:20:03,870 --> 00:20:06,373
[Alexander] That tour went
from the end of June
366
00:20:06,456 --> 00:20:08,500
to the end of August,
367
00:20:09,334 --> 00:20:13,171
and each show
was sold completely out.
368
00:20:13,213 --> 00:20:15,048
♪ Oh, yeah ♪
369
00:20:15,131 --> 00:20:17,258
[song ends
in loud, sustained note]
370
00:20:17,342 --> 00:20:20,387
[cheering, applause]
371
00:20:21,846 --> 00:20:23,973
[sea birds calling]
372
00:20:24,015 --> 00:20:26,351
[waves crashing]
373
00:20:29,187 --> 00:20:32,273
After the tour,
Otis went to Sausalito.
374
00:20:33,400 --> 00:20:36,277
He just needed some down time.
375
00:20:37,445 --> 00:20:40,865
But these thoughts
just got in his mind.
376
00:20:40,949 --> 00:20:42,367
[harbor bell dings]
377
00:20:42,409 --> 00:20:45,745
["Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds"
by The Beatles plays]
378
00:20:47,372 --> 00:20:49,791
[Bowman]
Otis was a massive Beatles fan,
379
00:20:50,417 --> 00:20:53,878
and when Sergeant Pepper
came out that summer,
380
00:20:53,920 --> 00:20:59,050
he listened to that album over
and over and over and over.
381
00:21:00,969 --> 00:21:05,473
And it was expanding
his musical palette.
382
00:21:06,725 --> 00:21:11,146
[Zelma] He said it was just time
to change his writing,
383
00:21:11,855 --> 00:21:14,232
enhance it to something
different
384
00:21:14,274 --> 00:21:15,358
than what he was doing.
385
00:21:15,400 --> 00:21:17,610
[engine buzzing]
386
00:21:17,694 --> 00:21:19,571
[mellow bass guitar line
playing]
387
00:21:19,654 --> 00:21:23,908
[Jones] Otis came back to Stax
a possessed man.
388
00:21:25,577 --> 00:21:27,370
He said, "We're gonna be
in the studio
389
00:21:27,412 --> 00:21:29,247
and you're not gonna be
someplace else.
390
00:21:29,289 --> 00:21:30,915
We're doing this."
391
00:21:30,957 --> 00:21:33,251
And man, it was a marathon.
392
00:21:33,293 --> 00:21:34,753
[recording technician] Take one.
393
00:21:34,794 --> 00:21:36,671
[Jackson] He was like
a big ol' football coach.
394
00:21:36,755 --> 00:21:39,758
He had all this energy
aimed at you.
395
00:21:39,841 --> 00:21:42,719
He would use his feet.
He would dance.
396
00:21:42,761 --> 00:21:45,096
He would get in front of you
and look at you like that.
397
00:21:45,138 --> 00:21:46,639
[recording technician] Take two.
398
00:21:47,182 --> 00:21:48,975
Stay in on the mic now, Steve.
399
00:21:49,059 --> 00:21:51,770
[Cropper] We'd call ourselves
the Midnight Recorders.
400
00:21:51,811 --> 00:21:54,773
We'd go out and eat, come back,
and work in the studio.
401
00:21:54,814 --> 00:21:57,442
[recording technician]
One, two, three, four.
402
00:21:57,484 --> 00:21:59,611
There were a couple of times
we didn't even go home.
403
00:21:59,652 --> 00:22:01,946
[recording technician]
One, two...
404
00:22:02,030 --> 00:22:04,574
One, two, three, four.
405
00:22:04,616 --> 00:22:08,036
[early intro of "(Sittin' On)
The Dock of the Bay"]
406
00:22:10,955 --> 00:22:13,625
[Cropper] At some point,
he played this new song...
407
00:22:14,000 --> 00:22:18,880
[Redding whistling "(Sittin' On)
The Dock of the Bay" melody]
408
00:22:22,425 --> 00:22:24,469
[laughter in studio]
409
00:22:24,552 --> 00:22:26,721
[man in studio] You're not
gonna make it as a whistler!
410
00:22:26,805 --> 00:22:27,681
Hey, man!
411
00:22:27,764 --> 00:22:30,392
[Jones]
We recorded so much music.
412
00:22:30,433 --> 00:22:32,769
And then Otis poked his head
through the wall and said,
413
00:22:32,811 --> 00:22:34,729
"I'll see you Monday."
I said, "Great."
414
00:22:35,897 --> 00:22:39,693
And he left to go
back on tour with The Bar-Kays.
415
00:22:39,776 --> 00:22:43,488
[bright horn intro
to "Try a Little Tenderness"]
416
00:22:43,571 --> 00:22:46,074
[Alexander] We played Nashville
on a Friday night
417
00:22:46,491 --> 00:22:49,285
and then flew directly
to Cleveland, Ohio
418
00:22:49,327 --> 00:22:51,830
and did the TV show
called Upbeat.
419
00:22:53,707 --> 00:22:58,169
♪ Oh, she may be weary ♪
420
00:22:59,629 --> 00:23:02,590
♪ Them young girls,
they do get wearied ♪
421
00:23:03,800 --> 00:23:09,514
♪ Wearing that same old
miniskirt dress ♪
422
00:23:09,597 --> 00:23:12,475
♪ Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah ♪
423
00:23:14,185 --> 00:23:17,480
♪ But when she gets weary... ♪
424
00:23:17,522 --> 00:23:20,734
[Alexander] The next day
we left for Wisconsin.
425
00:23:20,817 --> 00:23:23,695
[eerie, echoing]
♪ ...a little tenderness ♪
426
00:23:23,737 --> 00:23:25,071
♪ Yeah, yeah, yeah... ♪
427
00:23:25,155 --> 00:23:29,117
But there was weather issues,
flights being delayed.
428
00:23:31,369 --> 00:23:33,413
Otis owned his own plane,
429
00:23:34,080 --> 00:23:39,210
so he decided to fly to
Madison, Wisconsin anyway.
430
00:23:40,128 --> 00:23:44,049
There only was enough capacity
for ten people on the plane.
431
00:23:44,132 --> 00:23:45,800
[airplane engine buzzing]
432
00:23:45,884 --> 00:23:48,845
The pilot told us,
"I'm gonna fly Otis
433
00:23:48,887 --> 00:23:51,765
and the rest of the guys
into Madison,
434
00:23:51,848 --> 00:23:54,976
and then I'm gonna come back
and pick you up."
435
00:23:55,060 --> 00:23:58,229
[airplane engine buzzing]
436
00:24:05,070 --> 00:24:07,072
[indistinct crowd chatter]
437
00:24:12,077 --> 00:24:13,912
We kept waiting,
438
00:24:14,537 --> 00:24:16,623
but after about
three or four hours,
439
00:24:17,123 --> 00:24:18,375
he still wasn't there.
440
00:24:18,875 --> 00:24:24,339
So I called the control tower,
and they said, "No word yet."
441
00:24:24,422 --> 00:24:26,925
So we just kept waiting.
442
00:24:28,426 --> 00:24:32,013
[somber string instrumentals
playing]
443
00:24:36,768 --> 00:24:39,229
But they never came back.
444
00:24:45,652 --> 00:24:48,113
[water swashing softly]
445
00:24:49,614 --> 00:24:51,783
[reporter] Otis Redding,
26-year-old blues singer,
446
00:24:51,825 --> 00:24:55,078
is missing and presumed dead
in Madison, Wisconsin.
447
00:24:56,579 --> 00:24:59,040
Redding was one of seven people
aboard a private plane
448
00:24:59,124 --> 00:25:01,710
which crashed in a Madison lake
last night.
449
00:25:01,793 --> 00:25:05,130
[somber music continues]
450
00:25:08,591 --> 00:25:11,177
[Alexander]
They found one survivor.
451
00:25:15,348 --> 00:25:17,892
My friend, Ben Cauley.
452
00:25:20,311 --> 00:25:21,980
They took us to see Ben.
453
00:25:24,107 --> 00:25:25,984
His eyes weren't blinking.
454
00:25:26,985 --> 00:25:30,155
Said, "Ben, can you hear us?"
He wasn't able to...
455
00:25:30,196 --> 00:25:32,657
He wasn't able
to say anything back to us.
456
00:25:33,700 --> 00:25:35,785
He was in a state of shock.
457
00:25:38,830 --> 00:25:44,669
Then they tell us that we have
to go to the, uh, city morgue,
458
00:25:45,420 --> 00:25:48,214
to identify the bodies.
459
00:25:50,258 --> 00:25:51,634
Now, I'm 17 years old.
460
00:25:51,676 --> 00:25:54,971
I've never experienced
anything like this.
461
00:25:55,722 --> 00:25:59,351
I never experienced nothing
close to anything like this
462
00:25:59,392 --> 00:26:00,852
in my whole entire life.
463
00:26:00,894 --> 00:26:04,022
-[somber music continues]
-[thunder rumbling]
464
00:26:04,773 --> 00:26:09,694
[Parker] They were finding
musical instruments and luggage,
465
00:26:09,736 --> 00:26:15,158
and they would bring in
these items
466
00:26:15,200 --> 00:26:18,578
still dripping with water.
467
00:26:20,872 --> 00:26:23,208
As the bodies were discovered,
468
00:26:24,709 --> 00:26:27,754
there was one funeral
on one day,
469
00:26:29,089 --> 00:26:32,342
another funeral,
and another funeral.
470
00:26:38,473 --> 00:26:39,766
Mm-hm...
471
00:26:43,061 --> 00:26:44,688
It was family.
472
00:26:45,271 --> 00:26:49,067
Phalon, his mom fed me
hamburgers at the Harlem House
473
00:26:49,150 --> 00:26:50,402
when I was young.
474
00:26:50,485 --> 00:26:52,153
Phalon was gone, and...
475
00:26:53,279 --> 00:26:56,241
Ronnie and... and Jimmie King.
476
00:26:59,786 --> 00:27:01,621
And Carl was the baby.
477
00:27:02,580 --> 00:27:03,707
Carl Cunningham.
478
00:27:03,748 --> 00:27:05,750
[music fades]
479
00:27:07,168 --> 00:27:09,045
[exhales]
480
00:27:10,505 --> 00:27:14,217
[sniffling]
481
00:27:14,259 --> 00:27:18,263
["I've Got Dreams to Remember"
by Otis Redding playing]
482
00:27:22,726 --> 00:27:26,855
Otis was buried at home,
here on the ranch.
483
00:27:29,065 --> 00:27:32,736
[Cropper] That was my first trip
to Macon, Georgia.
484
00:27:32,777 --> 00:27:34,279
I felt like Otis was family.
485
00:27:34,320 --> 00:27:36,906
I looked at him as sort
of an older brother.
486
00:27:37,532 --> 00:27:40,285
But it was like, "Why haven't
I been down here before?
487
00:27:40,326 --> 00:27:41,953
I should have been closer.
I should have...
488
00:27:41,995 --> 00:27:43,997
should have been
over to the farm."
489
00:27:44,581 --> 00:27:46,249
You know, I never went.
490
00:27:47,334 --> 00:27:50,128
♪ I've got dreams ♪
491
00:27:50,670 --> 00:27:52,630
♪ Dreams ♪
492
00:27:52,714 --> 00:27:55,800
♪ To remember ♪
493
00:27:57,802 --> 00:28:00,347
♪ I've got dreams ♪
494
00:28:00,430 --> 00:28:05,477
♪ Dreams to remember ♪
495
00:28:06,061 --> 00:28:08,897
-♪ Listen, honey ♪
-♪ I've got dreams ♪
496
00:28:08,980 --> 00:28:11,775
-♪ Rough dreams ♪
-♪ Dreams to remember ♪
497
00:28:11,816 --> 00:28:15,320
♪ Oh, to remember ♪
498
00:28:19,657 --> 00:28:22,035
♪ I still want you to stay ♪
499
00:28:24,621 --> 00:28:28,208
♪ I still love you anyway ♪
500
00:28:29,959 --> 00:28:32,671
♪ I don't want you
to ever leave ♪
501
00:28:33,213 --> 00:28:38,051
♪ Girl, you just satisfy me,
oo-wee ♪
502
00:28:38,134 --> 00:28:41,012
[Parker]
We chose to go to the studio.
503
00:28:41,888 --> 00:28:46,476
We felt a need to be
around each other,
504
00:28:46,518 --> 00:28:48,019
with each other.
505
00:28:48,103 --> 00:28:52,107
The death had taken
so much out.
506
00:28:53,274 --> 00:28:54,693
So much out.
507
00:28:55,360 --> 00:28:58,196
We began to realize
that Otis was quite a bit more
508
00:28:58,238 --> 00:29:01,491
than just a singer
in our roster.
509
00:29:01,533 --> 00:29:04,119
He was really
an emotional leader too.
510
00:29:06,329 --> 00:29:09,040
[song fades]
511
00:29:09,124 --> 00:29:11,793
Must have been a couple days
gone by,
512
00:29:11,876 --> 00:29:14,045
I get a call
from Atlantic Records.
513
00:29:14,129 --> 00:29:17,882
They said, "We need to put
the record out with Otis."
514
00:29:17,966 --> 00:29:20,135
Jim Stewart came to me,
"What do you have ready, Steve?"
515
00:29:20,176 --> 00:29:21,553
I said, "Nothing.
516
00:29:22,846 --> 00:29:25,807
Now, I can't go in
and mix something on Otis now."
517
00:29:26,474 --> 00:29:27,892
He said, "You have to."
518
00:29:27,976 --> 00:29:31,354
["(Sittin' On) The Dock
of the Bay" playing]
519
00:29:31,896 --> 00:29:34,441
Mixed "Dock of the Bay"
all night long.
520
00:29:35,900 --> 00:29:38,403
Hardest thing I ever had to do
in my life.
521
00:29:41,114 --> 00:29:45,118
The next day, I handed it
to a flight attendant.
522
00:29:46,077 --> 00:29:48,997
She hands it to a representative
from Atlantic.
523
00:29:50,165 --> 00:29:52,625
We had records out
almost immediately.
524
00:29:53,001 --> 00:29:56,713
♪ Sittin' in the mornin' sun ♪
525
00:29:57,297 --> 00:30:01,509
♪ I'll be sittin'
when the evening come ♪
526
00:30:02,552 --> 00:30:05,930
♪ Watching the ships roll in ♪
527
00:30:06,389 --> 00:30:10,268
♪ And then I watch 'em
roll away again ♪
528
00:30:10,310 --> 00:30:15,148
♪ Yeah, I'm sittin'
on the dock of the bay ♪
529
00:30:15,231 --> 00:30:19,527
♪ Watching the tide roll away ♪
530
00:30:19,611 --> 00:30:24,616
♪ Oh, I'm just sittin'
on the dock of the bay ♪
531
00:30:24,699 --> 00:30:28,661
♪ Wastin' time ♪
532
00:30:28,745 --> 00:30:29,954
[Bowman] "Dock of the Bay"
533
00:30:30,038 --> 00:30:31,915
was the first song
of Otis Redding's
534
00:30:31,956 --> 00:30:34,959
that made it to the number one
spot on the pop charts.
535
00:30:35,001 --> 00:30:37,212
♪ Headed
for the 'Frisco Bay... ♪
536
00:30:37,295 --> 00:30:39,964
[Stewart] It was
his first million seller,
537
00:30:40,006 --> 00:30:42,676
and he was unable to see that.
538
00:30:43,468 --> 00:30:47,305
♪ ...And look like nothin's
gonna come my way ♪
539
00:30:47,347 --> 00:30:52,102
♪ So I'm just gon' sit
on the dock of the bay ♪
540
00:30:52,477 --> 00:30:56,439
♪ Watching the tide
roll away... ♪
541
00:30:56,481 --> 00:30:59,484
[Jones] There was
a deep loneliness inside him,
542
00:31:00,652 --> 00:31:05,281
and that was one of the sources
of these original songs.
543
00:31:08,535 --> 00:31:12,664
♪ ...Look like nothing's
gonna change ♪
544
00:31:13,164 --> 00:31:15,667
♪ Everything still
remains the same... ♪
545
00:31:15,750 --> 00:31:18,003
[Cropper]
After I mixed that record...
546
00:31:19,004 --> 00:31:21,006
I just couldn't listen to it.
547
00:31:22,173 --> 00:31:24,134
Not mentally, not physically.
548
00:31:25,927 --> 00:31:29,514
[Redding whistling song melody]
549
00:31:29,597 --> 00:31:31,433
I never got over Otis.
550
00:31:34,019 --> 00:31:36,146
[whistle halts,
echoes as it fades]
551
00:31:36,187 --> 00:31:38,356
[Redding, echoing]
Let's do another one.
552
00:31:39,524 --> 00:31:46,197
The death of Otis Redding
in December of 1967
553
00:31:47,282 --> 00:31:50,035
had an unbelievable impact.
554
00:31:51,661 --> 00:31:57,334
Then, we started having big
problems in Memphis, Tennessee.
555
00:31:57,375 --> 00:32:01,379
[tense string notes
plucked softly]
556
00:32:01,463 --> 00:32:03,048
[man 3] Some garbage men
557
00:32:03,089 --> 00:32:06,634
were working
this white neighborhood.
558
00:32:07,469 --> 00:32:12,557
Back then, all of the sanitation
workers were Black.
559
00:32:13,558 --> 00:32:19,314
All of the drivers were white,
with no exception.
560
00:32:20,523 --> 00:32:22,609
It started to rain.
561
00:32:22,692 --> 00:32:26,154
[dramatic string music playing]
562
00:32:28,031 --> 00:32:29,282
There were two men
563
00:32:29,366 --> 00:32:32,535
that were sitting
in the back of the truck.
564
00:32:34,662 --> 00:32:37,624
And while these two men were
sitting in the back of the truck
565
00:32:37,707 --> 00:32:39,000
waiting on the rain to stop,
566
00:32:39,084 --> 00:32:41,503
they were crushed in the back
of the truck
567
00:32:41,586 --> 00:32:43,046
by the compactor.
568
00:32:43,588 --> 00:32:47,550
People inside their houses
could hear them screaming.
569
00:32:47,592 --> 00:32:50,303
[pattering softly]
570
00:32:53,890 --> 00:32:55,350
[Jones] As a young child,
571
00:32:55,433 --> 00:32:58,144
there wasn't a Saturday that
my father didn't walk me out
572
00:32:58,228 --> 00:32:59,604
to say hello to
the garbage workers
573
00:32:59,646 --> 00:33:03,108
as they came down the alley
to pick up the cans.
574
00:33:03,191 --> 00:33:06,194
And so, when they started
to get physically hurt,
575
00:33:06,277 --> 00:33:08,988
it became a big cause
for concern
576
00:33:09,072 --> 00:33:11,157
in the African American
community.
577
00:33:12,158 --> 00:33:15,578
["Tupelo" by Albert King, Pops
Staples, and Steve Cropper]
578
00:33:19,708 --> 00:33:22,460
[protestor] Sweep all the way
down from London,
579
00:33:22,502 --> 00:33:23,962
all the way back.
You understand?
580
00:33:24,004 --> 00:33:25,171
All right, lock arms,
581
00:33:25,255 --> 00:33:26,423
four of you
on each side of the street
582
00:33:26,464 --> 00:33:28,299
and let's sweep it
all the way down.
583
00:33:28,675 --> 00:33:31,094
♪ Did you read
about the flood? ♪
584
00:33:32,512 --> 00:33:35,306
♪ It happened a long time ago ♪
585
00:33:37,308 --> 00:33:39,978
♪ Way in a little
country town ♪
586
00:33:40,395 --> 00:33:42,647
♪ It rained and it rained ♪
587
00:33:44,774 --> 00:33:47,027
♪ Listen, the people worried ♪
588
00:33:48,486 --> 00:33:50,447
♪ And they began to cry ♪
589
00:33:52,198 --> 00:33:53,783
♪ Lord, have mercy ♪
590
00:33:55,285 --> 00:33:57,620
[man 4] As long
as you continue to break the law
591
00:33:57,662 --> 00:34:00,373
and endanger the public health
and welfare,
592
00:34:00,457 --> 00:34:03,710
there will be no further talk
at any level of government.
593
00:34:03,793 --> 00:34:05,795
The minute the men
go back to work,
594
00:34:05,837 --> 00:34:07,630
discussions will resume.
595
00:34:07,672 --> 00:34:11,176
[man 5] Loeb said
that he wanted garbage
596
00:34:11,259 --> 00:34:14,012
to pile up as high
as the apartments.
597
00:34:14,094 --> 00:34:16,014
Let's help him pile it up!
598
00:34:16,056 --> 00:34:17,681
[applause]
599
00:34:19,768 --> 00:34:22,062
[Bell] We just wanted respect
and equal rights,
600
00:34:22,145 --> 00:34:23,355
but we didn't have it.
601
00:34:23,438 --> 00:34:25,065
And that's what
the sanitation worker strike
602
00:34:25,148 --> 00:34:26,399
was all about:
603
00:34:26,483 --> 00:34:29,777
respect, fair employment,
and equal rights.
604
00:34:30,277 --> 00:34:32,530
And it affected me and everybody
else in Memphis, Tennessee,
605
00:34:32,572 --> 00:34:35,574
whether we were down there with
the sanitation workers or not.
606
00:34:35,658 --> 00:34:37,327
["Tupelo" continues]
607
00:34:37,369 --> 00:34:40,830
♪ Mm-mmm,
wasn't that a mighty time? ♪
608
00:34:41,331 --> 00:34:43,416
[Porter] I supported every bit
of the movement.
609
00:34:43,500 --> 00:34:45,377
I supported
not only financially,
610
00:34:45,460 --> 00:34:47,379
but with my actions as well.
611
00:34:48,463 --> 00:34:51,174
[Cropper] When I'm watching
the six o'clock news,
612
00:34:51,216 --> 00:34:54,928
and I'm seeing close buddies
of mine carrying a sign,
613
00:34:55,387 --> 00:34:57,722
it's not that I was
against it or anything,
614
00:34:57,806 --> 00:34:59,265
it was just a shock seeing it.
615
00:34:59,349 --> 00:35:02,227
Because there was no color
at Stax.
616
00:35:04,688 --> 00:35:08,983
[Jones] There was too much
ugly influence
617
00:35:09,025 --> 00:35:11,403
from the leadership in Memphis
on that issue.
618
00:35:11,444 --> 00:35:13,697
It was just not something
619
00:35:13,738 --> 00:35:17,242
that you could be on the...
on the other side of.
620
00:35:21,037 --> 00:35:22,789
[song fades]
621
00:35:22,872 --> 00:35:26,292
[Martin Luther King Jr] I cannot
guarantee anybody that Memphis,
622
00:35:26,376 --> 00:35:28,795
or any other city
in this country,
623
00:35:28,878 --> 00:35:30,255
will not have a riot
this summer,
624
00:35:30,296 --> 00:35:34,259
if for no other reason
than that our government
625
00:35:34,342 --> 00:35:35,677
has not done anything,
626
00:35:35,760 --> 00:35:38,972
and most white people
have not done anything,
627
00:35:39,055 --> 00:35:41,349
about removing the conditions
628
00:35:41,433 --> 00:35:44,310
that brought riots
into being last summer.
629
00:35:46,146 --> 00:35:49,399
[indistinct shouting]
630
00:35:55,071 --> 00:35:59,367
[tense string instrumentals
playing]
631
00:36:03,955 --> 00:36:07,542
[shouting continues]
632
00:36:14,215 --> 00:36:17,260
[shouting continues]
633
00:36:19,262 --> 00:36:21,723
[reporter] Chaos has just broken
out downtown.
634
00:36:27,145 --> 00:36:28,355
[echoing boom]
635
00:36:28,438 --> 00:36:29,564
That sound you just heard
636
00:36:29,647 --> 00:36:31,232
was the sound of the tear gas
637
00:36:31,316 --> 00:36:33,318
fired by a police officer.
638
00:36:36,654 --> 00:36:38,281
Tear gas burns.
639
00:36:38,323 --> 00:36:40,200
You know, wherever there's
moisture on your skin,
640
00:36:40,283 --> 00:36:41,284
it burns.
641
00:36:41,326 --> 00:36:43,328
[shouting continues]
642
00:36:43,370 --> 00:36:45,497
[indistinct], son of a bitch!
643
00:36:45,538 --> 00:36:47,707
[indistinct] Get us outta here!
644
00:36:47,791 --> 00:36:49,668
Move it! Move!
645
00:36:50,543 --> 00:36:52,045
[Hayes]
Police sicced dogs on us.
646
00:36:52,128 --> 00:36:53,630
They shot mace on us.
647
00:36:55,423 --> 00:36:57,926
[Hall] I was, like, 17.
648
00:36:58,009 --> 00:37:00,095
I didn't know anything about
that kind of violence
649
00:37:00,178 --> 00:37:01,596
or that kind of hatred.
650
00:37:01,680 --> 00:37:04,349
I saw things that I never
thought I'd see
651
00:37:05,100 --> 00:37:07,268
people do to each other.
652
00:37:10,397 --> 00:37:12,732
[Hayes] Good friend of mine
named Joe...
653
00:37:14,484 --> 00:37:17,696
Joe was beat so bad.
He was bloody.
654
00:37:18,113 --> 00:37:21,324
[tense instrumentals continue]
655
00:37:23,743 --> 00:37:27,497
They beat him so bad he...
he has brain damage now.
656
00:37:29,082 --> 00:37:32,377
This movement has got to insist
657
00:37:33,336 --> 00:37:36,214
that no matter what
white citizens,
658
00:37:36,297 --> 00:37:38,675
or some white citizens
might say,
659
00:37:38,717 --> 00:37:42,387
we know what police brutality
and harassment means,
660
00:37:42,470 --> 00:37:43,847
and we are through with it,
661
00:37:43,888 --> 00:37:47,058
and we want to see it end
once and for all.
662
00:37:47,142 --> 00:37:49,394
[cheering, shouting]
663
00:37:52,063 --> 00:37:54,482
[music fades]
664
00:37:56,234 --> 00:37:57,819
[Walter Cronkite]
Dr. Martin Luther King
665
00:37:57,902 --> 00:38:00,030
returned to Memphis,
determined to lead
666
00:38:00,071 --> 00:38:01,573
a peaceful mass march
667
00:38:01,656 --> 00:38:04,117
in support of
striking sanitation workers,
668
00:38:04,200 --> 00:38:05,910
most of whom are Negroes.
669
00:38:06,453 --> 00:38:07,746
[man 6] On April the third,
670
00:38:07,829 --> 00:38:09,831
Al said, "Doc's
coming into the airport."
671
00:38:09,914 --> 00:38:11,041
He said, "Would you mind?
672
00:38:11,082 --> 00:38:12,792
Several people at Stax
are gonna
673
00:38:12,876 --> 00:38:15,628
go to the airport and carry bags
and do whatever is needed."
674
00:38:15,712 --> 00:38:17,756
And I said,
"Well, sure. Why not?"
675
00:38:17,797 --> 00:38:19,341
On the way out the door,
I thought,
676
00:38:19,424 --> 00:38:21,926
and I just grabbed
a Nikon camera.
677
00:38:23,094 --> 00:38:25,138
And I get down
one of the concourses,
678
00:38:25,221 --> 00:38:30,935
and here comes Jesse Jackson,
Ralph Abernathy, and Dr. King.
679
00:38:32,270 --> 00:38:35,732
Seeing him in person,
there was an aura.
680
00:38:37,108 --> 00:38:38,443
I start taking some pictures.
681
00:38:38,485 --> 00:38:42,655
[camera shutter snapping]
682
00:38:44,282 --> 00:38:47,118
And then I drove them
to the Lorraine Motel.
683
00:38:48,912 --> 00:38:51,790
That's where a lot
of Stax people would hang out.
684
00:38:52,290 --> 00:38:55,585
[peaceful, lilting violin music
playing]
685
00:38:56,252 --> 00:38:58,963
[Jones] For Stax,
it was our second home.
686
00:39:00,256 --> 00:39:02,759
If I wanted to find
Steve Cropper,
687
00:39:02,801 --> 00:39:03,927
Isaac,
688
00:39:04,302 --> 00:39:05,553
Al Jackson,
689
00:39:05,637 --> 00:39:07,389
well, I went to the Lorraine.
690
00:39:08,723 --> 00:39:12,477
In Memphis, it was
the only place outside of Stax
691
00:39:12,560 --> 00:39:15,355
that whites and Blacks
could socialize.
692
00:39:16,940 --> 00:39:18,983
It was an oasis for us.
693
00:39:19,734 --> 00:39:21,152
[music fades]
694
00:39:21,194 --> 00:39:24,572
[thunder crackling, rumbling]
695
00:39:28,993 --> 00:39:31,913
[pattering loudly]
696
00:39:33,081 --> 00:39:37,168
[Abernathy] The Moses of 1968,
697
00:39:37,252 --> 00:39:39,087
Martin Luther King.
698
00:39:40,338 --> 00:39:43,174
[Manning] April third night,
he had a speech.
699
00:39:45,510 --> 00:39:48,346
So I went there,
and got in a side door,
700
00:39:48,430 --> 00:39:50,473
and was up
right near the podium.
701
00:39:51,016 --> 00:39:52,600
[thunder booming]
702
00:39:52,684 --> 00:39:55,353
And there's thunder
and lightning outside.
703
00:39:55,437 --> 00:39:58,356
A big storm came,
raining like crazy.
704
00:39:58,857 --> 00:40:01,818
[King] Well, I don't know
what will happen now.
705
00:40:02,193 --> 00:40:04,612
We've got
some difficult days ahead.
706
00:40:06,031 --> 00:40:08,658
But it really doesn't matter
with me now
707
00:40:08,700 --> 00:40:11,036
because I've been
to the mountaintop.
708
00:40:11,119 --> 00:40:12,620
[cheering]
709
00:40:12,704 --> 00:40:15,623
[Manning] He was just
so vibrant and brilliant.
710
00:40:15,707 --> 00:40:19,294
And I have seen
the promised land.
711
00:40:19,377 --> 00:40:20,462
[crowd shouting]
712
00:40:20,545 --> 00:40:22,672
I may not get there with you,
713
00:40:23,340 --> 00:40:25,550
but I want you to know tonight
714
00:40:26,009 --> 00:40:30,305
that we as a people
will get to the promised land!
715
00:40:30,388 --> 00:40:34,184
-[cheering]
-[thunder rumbling]
716
00:40:36,019 --> 00:40:39,647
So I'm happy tonight.
I'm not worried about anything.
717
00:40:39,731 --> 00:40:41,941
I'm not fearing any man!
718
00:40:42,025 --> 00:40:46,279
Mine eyes have seen the glory
of the coming of the Lord!
719
00:40:46,363 --> 00:40:49,074
-[cheering]
-[thunder booming]
720
00:40:53,370 --> 00:40:55,163
[crowd noise fades]
721
00:40:56,414 --> 00:40:59,459
[train horn blows in distance]
722
00:40:59,542 --> 00:41:02,587
[birds chirping]
723
00:41:02,629 --> 00:41:05,131
[traffic humming]
724
00:41:07,509 --> 00:41:10,387
[Hall] My mother,
she was attending this cafe,
725
00:41:10,428 --> 00:41:12,597
and they were getting ready
to close.
726
00:41:12,681 --> 00:41:14,766
My uncle and I
went to pick her up.
727
00:41:14,808 --> 00:41:17,769
We parked in front
of the building on Calhoun.
728
00:41:17,852 --> 00:41:21,231
When we got out of the car,
I heard this "pow,"
729
00:41:21,690 --> 00:41:25,443
and I said, "Wow,
that's truck backfire, huh?"
730
00:41:25,485 --> 00:41:27,153
My uncle,
who had been in the Navy,
731
00:41:27,237 --> 00:41:29,572
he said, "No, that's a gunshot."
732
00:41:29,614 --> 00:41:31,533
[siren wailing]
733
00:41:31,616 --> 00:41:33,451
[Parker] I'm driving along.
734
00:41:33,493 --> 00:41:35,370
The wind is high.
735
00:41:35,453 --> 00:41:38,164
It's like we're having
these whirlwinds,
736
00:41:38,248 --> 00:41:41,084
these, in the street,
and the paper's swirling.
737
00:41:41,584 --> 00:41:43,628
And I'm listening to the radio.
738
00:41:43,962 --> 00:41:47,215
"Dr. King has been shot
at the Lorraine Motel."
739
00:41:48,383 --> 00:41:51,970
Dr. King was standing on the
balcony of the Lorraine Hotel
740
00:41:52,012 --> 00:41:54,389
on the second floor
when a single shot
741
00:41:54,472 --> 00:41:55,974
came from across the street.
742
00:41:56,057 --> 00:41:59,144
He was in Memphis in support of
striking garbage men there.
743
00:41:59,227 --> 00:42:00,603
[Jones] It was our place.
744
00:42:00,645 --> 00:42:04,107
[grim, unsettling music playing]
745
00:42:04,149 --> 00:42:06,192
Home away from home.
746
00:42:11,448 --> 00:42:14,826
We were just devastated.
747
00:42:17,912 --> 00:42:21,666
Yesterday, in our staff meeting
that we held, uh...
748
00:42:21,708 --> 00:42:25,086
uh, he was challenging the staff
to remain non-violent.
749
00:42:25,170 --> 00:42:27,422
Not because we were afraid,
as they so often say,
750
00:42:27,505 --> 00:42:29,299
but because we're living
in a sick world.
751
00:42:29,341 --> 00:42:31,926
And the pathology
and the sickness
752
00:42:32,010 --> 00:42:34,804
and the neurosis of...
of Memphis,
753
00:42:34,846 --> 00:42:37,849
and of this racist society
in which we live,
754
00:42:37,932 --> 00:42:40,352
is that that really pulled
the trigger.
755
00:42:40,435 --> 00:42:41,811
Um...
756
00:42:42,437 --> 00:42:43,897
God knows this is
the most tragic thing
757
00:42:43,980 --> 00:42:45,857
that has ever happened in...
in my life.
758
00:42:45,940 --> 00:42:48,818
To some extent, Dr. King has
been a buffer the last two years
759
00:42:48,860 --> 00:42:51,446
between the Black community
and the white community.
760
00:42:51,529 --> 00:42:52,739
The white people do not know it,
761
00:42:52,822 --> 00:42:55,825
but the white people's
best friend is dead.
762
00:42:55,867 --> 00:43:00,330
Uh, the Black people's leader,
our Moses,
763
00:43:00,413 --> 00:43:03,500
the once in
a 400- or 500-year leader
764
00:43:03,583 --> 00:43:05,710
has been taken from us
by hatred and bitterness.
765
00:43:05,752 --> 00:43:09,130
[solemn music playing]
766
00:43:13,051 --> 00:43:14,678
[Jones] At Stax,
767
00:43:15,845 --> 00:43:20,100
no one talked about
Dr. King's assassination.
768
00:43:22,227 --> 00:43:27,857
I started to, deep down,
feel that something was amiss.
769
00:43:30,902 --> 00:43:32,737
They didn't understand
my daily life
770
00:43:32,821 --> 00:43:35,073
as a Black person in Memphis.
771
00:43:36,616 --> 00:43:38,993
I don't think they knew
our world.
772
00:43:40,829 --> 00:43:42,330
They never talked about it.
773
00:43:42,414 --> 00:43:45,792
If they... if they felt
that way, the way they do now,
774
00:43:45,875 --> 00:43:47,919
why didn't they say
something then?
775
00:43:49,087 --> 00:43:51,881
[Jones] The close relationship
that we had in the studio
776
00:43:51,923 --> 00:43:54,217
didn't happen
outside of the studio,
777
00:43:54,926 --> 00:43:58,179
so I didn't feel comfortable
bringing up those subjects
778
00:43:58,263 --> 00:43:59,764
with the band.
779
00:44:01,391 --> 00:44:03,393
Something is wrong at home.
780
00:44:05,437 --> 00:44:06,646
We're saying this can be done.
781
00:44:06,730 --> 00:44:08,773
Whites and Blacks
can work together
782
00:44:08,857 --> 00:44:11,901
in pure total harmony
with music,
783
00:44:11,943 --> 00:44:13,653
and it can have the essence
784
00:44:13,737 --> 00:44:15,697
that you can take
and not worry about it,
785
00:44:15,780 --> 00:44:18,366
and love these songs,
and have a good time,
786
00:44:18,450 --> 00:44:22,954
and live your life, and have
no misgivings whatsoever.
787
00:44:23,455 --> 00:44:26,124
And that was not the truth.
788
00:44:29,461 --> 00:44:33,965
[Bell] The season and the time
that we were living in...
789
00:44:34,466 --> 00:44:37,635
it was hard, and it was real.
790
00:44:37,677 --> 00:44:44,100
I handled it inside
as best as I could.
791
00:44:44,142 --> 00:44:49,356
I tried to retain, you know,
looking like a regular fella.
792
00:44:49,439 --> 00:44:51,566
And... [laughs] Whew!
793
00:44:51,649 --> 00:44:53,151
[laughs] I tried.
794
00:44:53,234 --> 00:44:55,653
I don't know how I came off,
but I tried.
795
00:44:55,737 --> 00:45:00,325
Uh, so this is April 1968.
796
00:45:01,159 --> 00:45:04,120
In mid-May 1968,
797
00:45:05,413 --> 00:45:09,501
Atlantic Records
decided to merge
798
00:45:09,584 --> 00:45:11,878
with Warner and Elektra,
799
00:45:12,921 --> 00:45:16,841
and they would no longer be
distributing Stax Records.
800
00:45:16,925 --> 00:45:19,594
And, to our shock,
we learned that
801
00:45:19,678 --> 00:45:21,012
as a result of the agreement
802
00:45:21,054 --> 00:45:22,889
between Jim Stewart
and Jerry Wexler,
803
00:45:22,972 --> 00:45:26,518
all of our music that had been
released in the marketplace
804
00:45:27,268 --> 00:45:29,854
were the property
of Atlantic Records.
805
00:45:29,896 --> 00:45:32,857
[solemn music continues]
806
00:45:33,858 --> 00:45:37,112
[Bowman] Jim Stewart signed
a very bad contract.
807
00:45:38,947 --> 00:45:41,866
The original Stax agreement
with Atlantic
808
00:45:41,950 --> 00:45:43,702
was a handshake deal.
809
00:45:44,035 --> 00:45:47,497
But in 1965, Jerry Wexler said,
810
00:45:47,539 --> 00:45:52,335
"We're looking to sell Atlantic,
and you're not protected.
811
00:45:52,877 --> 00:45:55,255
We should draw up
a formal contract."
812
00:45:56,923 --> 00:45:58,508
Jim didn't read it.
813
00:45:59,801 --> 00:46:02,220
And this gave Atlantic
the rights in perpetuity,
814
00:46:02,303 --> 00:46:04,347
forever,
815
00:46:04,389 --> 00:46:08,059
to about 97% of Stax's catalog.
816
00:46:09,269 --> 00:46:14,149
And they lost Sam & Dave because
Stax did not own their contract.
817
00:46:15,358 --> 00:46:19,404
For Jim Stewart,
your word was your bond.
818
00:46:21,906 --> 00:46:25,035
For Jerry Wexler,
it was dog-eat-dog.
819
00:46:25,493 --> 00:46:28,913
Get stuff in contracts,
own everything you can.
820
00:46:28,955 --> 00:46:32,417
Bigger fish
swallowing smaller fish.
821
00:46:32,834 --> 00:46:36,087
New York company
screwing a Memphis company.
822
00:46:39,257 --> 00:46:41,092
[Parker]
In order to be a record company,
823
00:46:41,176 --> 00:46:43,386
you have to have a catalog...
824
00:46:44,929 --> 00:46:46,806
and they wiped us out.
825
00:46:48,683 --> 00:46:50,435
[Bell] Sam and Dave gone.
826
00:46:50,518 --> 00:46:52,103
Otis Redding gone.
827
00:46:52,645 --> 00:46:53,938
No catalogs.
828
00:46:54,773 --> 00:46:56,441
Stax is dead.
829
00:46:57,359 --> 00:46:58,777
[music fades]
830
00:46:58,818 --> 00:47:00,278
Stax is dead.
831
00:47:00,987 --> 00:47:06,951
["Send Peace and Harmony Home"
by Shirley Walton playing]
832
00:47:11,414 --> 00:47:15,752
♪ Last time I saw
peace and harmony ♪
833
00:47:15,794 --> 00:47:21,132
♪ They were headed
down your way ♪
834
00:47:21,216 --> 00:47:26,304
♪ Won't you please
turn them around ♪
835
00:47:26,346 --> 00:47:32,560
♪ And send them straight
on back to me ♪
836
00:47:32,644 --> 00:47:37,649
♪ Winding, winding road ♪
837
00:47:37,732 --> 00:47:42,779
♪ Send peace and harmony home ♪
838
00:47:42,821 --> 00:47:47,283
♪ Is it a world situation ♪
839
00:47:47,325 --> 00:47:52,956
♪ Or tell me, road, is it me? ♪
840
00:47:52,997 --> 00:47:57,794
♪ You know you,
you hold the answer ♪
841
00:47:57,836 --> 00:48:03,508
♪ Tell me, road,
where can they be? ♪
842
00:48:03,842 --> 00:48:09,055
♪ Winding, winding road ♪
843
00:48:09,139 --> 00:48:13,727
♪ Send peace and harmony home ♪
844
00:48:14,310 --> 00:48:19,065
♪ Winding, winding road ♪
845
00:48:19,691 --> 00:48:24,112
♪ They've been gone too long ♪
846
00:48:24,863 --> 00:48:29,200
♪ Tell me,
what did we do wrong? ♪
847
00:48:29,284 --> 00:48:33,872
♪ Seems like
all the love is gone ♪
848
00:48:34,497 --> 00:48:39,627
♪ Please help man
to see the light ♪
849
00:48:39,711 --> 00:48:44,924
♪ Send them back,
make things all right ♪
850
00:48:45,300 --> 00:48:50,013
♪ Winding, winding road ♪
851
00:48:50,638 --> 00:48:55,060
♪ Send peace and happiness
home ♪
852
00:48:55,977 --> 00:49:00,190
♪ Winding, winding road ♪
853
00:49:00,231 --> 00:49:06,071
♪ Oh yes, they've been gone
too long ♪
854
00:49:08,865 --> 00:49:12,077
["Send Peace and Harmony Home"
continues]
855
00:49:14,245 --> 00:49:17,791
♪ Winding, winding road... ♪
856
00:49:17,874 --> 00:49:19,417
[song fades]
60962
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