All language subtitles for 01_what-is-hyper-text-markup-language.en

When a team of builders begin
constructing a building,

one of their key tasks is
to assemble the frame.

It doesn't matter
what building it is.

It always starts with a
frame of beams and rafters.

Once in place, the frame

guides the rest of
the construction.

If you compare a building
with a web page,

an HTML document is a
lot like the frame,

is a basic structure
assembled with

different components such
as tags and elements.

In this video, you
will learn about

HTML documents and
the difference

between HTML tags and elements.

To begin, let me tell you

a short story about
where it all started.

Sir Tim Berners-Lee,
a physicist,

often thought about how
he and his colleagues

from around the world
would share information.

He was so used to
browsing information

online that it might seem a
silly thing to ponder about.

Actually, that question
was very relevant at

the time and started the
development of HTML,

which you'd like to explore
the very first web page.

I know just where to find it.

The first web page
was created in

1999 by Sir Tim Berners-Lee.

He worked at the European
Organization for

Nuclear Research or CERN,

and originally proposed HTML.

The first version of
HTML was released in

1991 along with the first
web browser and web server.

HTML stands for Hypertext
Markup Language.

But what does that mean exactly?

Hypertext is text which
contains links to other text.

Markup refers to tags and

elements used within a document.

For now, let's just focus on
some of the basics of HTML.

HTML is simply a text file with

a specific structure that
consists of elements and tags.

Also take note that HTML files

usually have a dot HTML suffix.

For instance, when
you visit a website,

the first page that is
returned to the browser

is often called index.html.

Now, let's explore what
HTML tags and elements are.

Each HTML element consists of

an opening tag enclosed
in angle brackets.

For example to
create a paragraph,

you type a left angle bracket,

the letter p for paragraph,

and then a right angle bracket.

Most elements are paired
with a closing tag,

which has a forward slash off
to the left angle bracket.

For example you close

the paragraph element with
a left angle bracket,

a forward slash the letter p
and a right angle bracket.

HTML elements usually have
some content inside them.

For example between the opening

and closing tags of a paragraph,

you add the text of the
paragraph you want to write.

HTML elements can also
contain other elements,

for example you can
add an italics element

inside a paragraph element

to make texts appear in italics.

Elements can also be
empty or self-closing,

meaning they do not have
a closing HTML tag.

One example of a
self-closing element

is the line break tag.

You can add a line break
tag in a paragraph tag to

move content to
the following line

by typing left angle bracket,

the letters br,

then right angle bracket.

At the end of a
self-closing tag,

you simply add a
right angle bracket.

You can also close

the right angle bracket by

typing a forward slash
right before it.

Now that you know what
elements and tags are,

you will explore what
HTML standards are.

The rules and structure
for elements and tags

are known as the
HTML specification.

The HTML specification is

maintained by the World
Wide Web Consortium,

or W3C, as it is commonly known.

Whenever the HTML
specification changes,

a new version of HTML
is standardized,

the current version is HTML 5.

To summarize, HTML elements

with their opening
and closing tags,

and angle brackets build
up an HTML document.

These elements form the
structure of a web page

and describe to the web
browser what to display.

For example the browser
reads an HTML page that has

an image tags display an
image file called icon.png.

Next, it reads

a p tag to display a
paragraph under that image.

But the browser reads
the HTML document and

displays the web page to the
user in a very basic format.

Now, if you want to tell

the browser how to
display the web page,

you should use CSS.

You will learn more about
CSS in this course.

By now, you have learned
how HTML tags are used

to create elements that

build the structure
of a web page.

You'll have an
opportunity to explore

HTML in action in this course.