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That can really only happen...
2
00:00:23,300 --> 00:00:27,780
...when a tyrannical system
is so well-established...
3
00:00:28,620 --> 00:00:31,700
...that it can dominate
the entire fabric of society.
4
00:00:37,180 --> 00:00:39,860
And the Germans are good
at organizing.
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00:00:48,660 --> 00:00:50,820
People's consciences too?
6
00:00:52,780 --> 00:00:54,580
Yes. You see, that's an area...
7
00:00:54,740 --> 00:00:58,660
...where Hitler did
a huge amount of harm.
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00:00:58,820 --> 00:01:03,020
He actually tried to manipulate the
consciences of the German people.
9
00:01:03,340 --> 00:01:04,900
He convinced them...
10
00:01:05,100 --> 00:01:08,660
...they had a task to do, they had to
exterminate the Jews, because...
11
00:01:08,820 --> 00:01:11,780
...the Jews caused all our problems.
lt wasn't Hitler's own idea...
12
00:01:11,940 --> 00:01:14,620
...it had been put forward much earlier.
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00:01:14,820 --> 00:01:16,900
That they had to make a sacrifice.
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00:01:17,060 --> 00:01:19,380
And l can remember a writer...
15
00:01:19,660 --> 00:01:22,980
...she interviewed a soldier
who had been stationed...
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...in a concentration camp.
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He was a guard, and she asked him:
18
00:01:29,700 --> 00:01:32,580
''Didn't you feel any pity at all...
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00:01:32,740 --> 00:01:35,300
...for the people
you treated so badly there?''
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00:01:35,780 --> 00:01:39,140
And he replied,
''Yes, l certainly did feel pity for them...
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...but l had to overcome it.
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00:01:42,260 --> 00:01:46,660
That was a sacrifice l had to make
for the greater cause.''
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00:01:47,180 --> 00:01:49,780
And that's what happened
to conscience.
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After all, Hitler always used to say:
25
00:01:52,420 --> 00:01:54,780
''You don't have to worry, any of you...
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00:01:54,940 --> 00:01:58,140
...you just have to do whatever l say,
and l'll take responsibility.''
27
00:01:58,300 --> 00:02:02,180
As if anyone can take charge of
another person's conscience.
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00:02:02,340 --> 00:02:05,700
l do think you can make someone's
conscience more sensitive...
29
00:02:05,900 --> 00:02:08,980
...or desensitize it, or manipulate it.
30
00:02:31,340 --> 00:02:35,180
...and was Hitler's secretary
from 1942 until the end of the war.
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00:02:35,340 --> 00:02:38,060
She also took dictation
for his last will and testament.
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00:02:38,260 --> 00:02:41,780
For more than 50 years
she kept her memories to herself...
33
00:02:41,940 --> 00:02:46,300
...and remained silent about her life,
her adversities and her distress.
34
00:02:47,620 --> 00:02:49,860
Frau Junge married
Hitler's manservant...
35
00:02:50,020 --> 00:02:51,740
...Hans Hermann Junge, in 1943.
36
00:02:51,900 --> 00:02:56,020
Shortly thereafter he enlisted
for frontline service...
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00:02:56,220 --> 00:03:00,340
...and was shot and killed 14 months
later in France during a low attack.
38
00:03:00,500 --> 00:03:04,660
Starting in the mid-1950s, she lived
in a one-bedroom flat in Munich.
39
00:03:06,940 --> 00:03:11,020
ln April and June 2001
several meetings with Frau Junge...
40
00:03:14,540 --> 00:03:16,820
...which resulted in this film.
41
00:03:58,860 --> 00:04:01,980
The longer l live, the older l get...
42
00:04:02,180 --> 00:04:05,820
...the more l feel this burden...
43
00:04:06,020 --> 00:04:09,700
...this feeling of guilt,
because l worked for a man...
44
00:04:09,860 --> 00:04:12,140
...and l actually liked him, but...
45
00:04:12,300 --> 00:04:14,740
...he caused such terrible suffering.
46
00:04:14,900 --> 00:04:17,820
You see, details came out later
about what really...
47
00:04:17,980 --> 00:04:19,900
...happened in the concentration
camps.
48
00:04:20,100 --> 00:04:24,020
l read Viktor Klemperer's books,
and it was much later, of course...
49
00:04:24,180 --> 00:04:27,740
...but it did give me
the very strong sensation that...
50
00:04:27,940 --> 00:04:31,780
...all these problems at least began
for the Jews...
51
00:04:31,980 --> 00:04:34,900
...right at the start, in 1933 or 1934.
52
00:04:35,180 --> 00:04:39,180
And the feeling that l was so unaware
and so thoughtless....
53
00:04:39,380 --> 00:04:42,100
l didn't notice or pay attention.
That feeling...
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00:04:42,260 --> 00:04:44,380
...has oppressed me more and more.
55
00:04:46,220 --> 00:04:48,980
lt seems to me
that l should be angry...
56
00:04:49,140 --> 00:04:53,860
...with the child l was,
that juvenile young girl...
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00:04:54,380 --> 00:04:58,140
...or that l can't forgive her
for failing to recognize in time...
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00:04:58,340 --> 00:05:00,580
...what horrors that monster caused.
59
00:05:00,740 --> 00:05:04,180
The fact that l didn't see
what l was getting involved in...
60
00:05:04,340 --> 00:05:07,780
...and above all that l just said ''yes''
without thinking at all.
61
00:05:07,980 --> 00:05:11,340
After all, it wasn't as though
l were a fervent Nazi.
62
00:05:11,620 --> 00:05:14,700
And when l went to Berlin,
l could have said:
63
00:05:14,860 --> 00:05:16,620
''No, l don't want that job...
64
00:05:19,660 --> 00:05:22,620
But l didn't do that,
because l was simply too curious.
65
00:05:22,820 --> 00:05:25,420
And l suppose
l couldn't really imagine...
66
00:05:25,700 --> 00:05:29,580
...that destiny would drive me on
and leave me in a situation...
67
00:05:29,740 --> 00:05:32,820
...that l had never aspired to at all.
68
00:05:33,100 --> 00:05:35,020
But nevertheless...
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00:05:35,180 --> 00:05:38,260
...l find it hard to forgive myself
for everything.
70
00:05:40,900 --> 00:05:44,860
l mean, of course today
there's no doubt about it. l have to say:
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00:05:45,020 --> 00:05:47,340
He was an absolute criminal.
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00:05:47,620 --> 00:05:50,780
He was a criminal--
lt's just that l didn't realize it.
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00:05:52,100 --> 00:05:55,860
At some point afterwards l began to
wonder if l should have seen that.
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00:05:56,020 --> 00:06:00,420
But then l think l was only 1 3 years old
when he first came on the scene...
75
00:06:00,740 --> 00:06:04,820
...and l was quite late developing
in lots of ways...
76
00:06:07,020 --> 00:06:10,940
...and after all, apart from me there
were millions who didn't see that.
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00:06:11,100 --> 00:06:14,380
l mean, it's not as though
everyone apart from me...
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00:06:14,700 --> 00:06:16,940
...realized what a criminal he was.
79
00:06:19,020 --> 00:06:22,740
And l try to take heart
from those thoughts.
80
00:06:32,140 --> 00:06:36,460
And Hitler did somehow embody
something monumental...
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00:06:36,740 --> 00:06:39,220
...at first, when l was a child.
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00:06:40,180 --> 00:06:45,340
The first time l met him
he probably had a kind of paternal...
83
00:06:46,380 --> 00:06:50,260
...protective attitude towards me too...
84
00:06:50,500 --> 00:06:52,860
...and that's something
l had longed for.
85
00:06:55,060 --> 00:06:58,260
l'd never been able to follow
my own inclinations...
86
00:06:58,460 --> 00:07:00,940
...and l'd never had that feeling...
87
00:07:01,100 --> 00:07:04,300
...of security in a complete family.
88
00:07:04,500 --> 00:07:07,500
My mother did everything for us,
it's true...
89
00:07:07,820 --> 00:07:10,980
...but l used to envy children
who could say things like:
90
00:07:11,140 --> 00:07:14,940
''My father says so and so,''
or ''My father thinks....''
91
00:07:15,340 --> 00:07:19,380
l used to think having a father
must be very important.
92
00:07:20,140 --> 00:07:24,060
Then l started working for Hitler,
and suddenly l had...
93
00:07:24,220 --> 00:07:26,420
...that sense of security too.
94
00:07:26,780 --> 00:07:30,740
There really was a certain kind
of security in that...
95
00:07:31,140 --> 00:07:35,260
...community, which cut itself off
so much from the outside.
96
00:07:37,300 --> 00:07:40,740
l think l matured late, as well.
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00:07:40,900 --> 00:07:45,740
l think l had a very subservient
attitude toward him...
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00:07:45,940 --> 00:07:47,860
...as a father figure.
99
00:07:51,500 --> 00:07:53,100
But that can easily...
100
00:07:53,260 --> 00:07:56,580
...be transformed into hatred,
if your father disappoints you.
101
00:08:01,460 --> 00:08:04,420
Unfortunately,
my family was completely apolitical.
102
00:08:04,860 --> 00:08:08,860
My mother brought us up by herself,
and her father...
103
00:08:09,100 --> 00:08:10,740
...who was a general...
104
00:08:10,900 --> 00:08:14,140
...was really a tyrant in the house.
105
00:08:14,340 --> 00:08:17,940
Devil at home and angel in company,
people always used to say.
106
00:08:18,140 --> 00:08:21,300
He wasn't at all interested
in politics...
107
00:08:21,460 --> 00:08:23,980
...and the subject
was never discussed.
108
00:08:25,180 --> 00:08:30,420
We were brought up according to
various other principles:
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00:08:30,820 --> 00:08:34,540
Doing without things,
making sacrifices and backing down.
110
00:08:34,860 --> 00:08:37,060
They were all seen as virtues,
although...
111
00:08:37,260 --> 00:08:39,940
...today the attitude is virtually
the opposite.
112
00:08:40,100 --> 00:08:42,540
And l think l was incredibly
conformist as a child.
113
00:08:42,860 --> 00:08:45,380
l always had to do without things
and make sacrifices...
114
00:08:45,540 --> 00:08:48,420
...because my mother had
such a difficult time.
115
00:08:48,580 --> 00:08:51,220
She ran the household for her father...
116
00:08:51,380 --> 00:08:55,300
...and since she didn't have any
money, as a divorced woman...
117
00:08:55,460 --> 00:08:58,940
...he always made it clear to us
that he was supporting us.
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00:08:59,140 --> 00:09:02,140
And there was always that pressure...
119
00:09:03,100 --> 00:09:07,620
...that mental and moral pressure
surrounding the whole situation.
120
00:09:09,860 --> 00:09:12,980
l actually ended up with Hitler
by complete coincidence...
121
00:09:13,140 --> 00:09:16,220
...by chance and foolishness,
l'd have to say.
122
00:09:17,460 --> 00:09:22,460
When l was a young girl l didn't really
have any exact ideas or plans...
123
00:09:22,660 --> 00:09:26,060
...that l wanted to achieve in my life,
or any sense...
124
00:09:26,220 --> 00:09:28,540
...of wanting to be something.
125
00:09:30,060 --> 00:09:32,140
And l couldn't go to high school...
126
00:09:32,340 --> 00:09:35,100
...because the school fees were
a problem for my mother.
127
00:09:35,260 --> 00:09:38,500
So l had to leave secondary school
after the first state examination.
128
00:09:38,660 --> 00:09:41,340
And then they said, ''You'd better
go to commercial school...
129
00:09:41,500 --> 00:09:45,300
..."and get a job in an office, that's"
"the quickest way to earn a living. ''
130
00:09:45,460 --> 00:09:48,460
"And so that was to be my fate"...
131
00:09:48,620 --> 00:09:52,500
..."and I couldn't see"
"any other chance at all".
132
00:09:53,580 --> 00:09:57,060
"I suppose I also felt awkward
"because I was the oldest"...
133
00:09:57,260 --> 00:10:00,140
...and l was still at home...
134
00:10:00,340 --> 00:10:03,620
...while my younger sister was out
in the big wide world.
135
00:10:03,980 --> 00:10:06,220
Then she came up with an idea.
She said:
136
00:10:06,380 --> 00:10:08,540
''l know, let's ask Albert Bormann...
137
00:10:08,700 --> 00:10:12,020
...if he can get you transferred
to Berlin.''
138
00:10:12,660 --> 00:10:16,860
And l said all right,
without any idea at all, of course...
139
00:10:17,060 --> 00:10:19,180
...what the consequences would be.
140
00:10:19,340 --> 00:10:21,700
l ought to explain something else.
141
00:10:24,460 --> 00:10:28,700
At that time, you see,
which was 1941 ...
142
00:10:29,140 --> 00:10:33,100
...l'd always thought that as well as
working in an office...
143
00:10:33,260 --> 00:10:36,060
...l could satisfy
my passion for dancing...
144
00:10:36,220 --> 00:10:39,340
...and l really wanted to go
to dance school.
145
00:10:39,540 --> 00:10:44,140
So in 1941 l took the entrance exam
for dance school...
146
00:10:44,300 --> 00:10:47,660
...and the result was very good,
so l thought l could...
147
00:10:47,980 --> 00:10:50,460
...escape from office work forever.
148
00:10:50,740 --> 00:10:53,460
But they wouldn't let me leave
the publishing company...
149
00:10:53,660 --> 00:10:56,580
...where l was working,
because during the war...
150
00:10:57,140 --> 00:11:01,500
...you could only change your job with
the permission of your employer.
151
00:11:02,300 --> 00:11:06,300
And that made me so disappointed
and so cross...
152
00:11:06,460 --> 00:11:09,460
...that l poured my heart out
to my sister...
153
00:11:09,620 --> 00:11:12,540
...who was a dancer in Berlin
by that time.
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00:11:12,700 --> 00:11:16,220
And then she got her best friend...
155
00:11:16,420 --> 00:11:19,700
...to talk to her brother-in-law,
Albert Bormann, and ask him...
156
00:11:20,020 --> 00:11:22,140
...to have me transferred.
157
00:11:22,300 --> 00:11:24,260
So that was a chance for me...
158
00:11:24,420 --> 00:11:26,620
...to get away from home...
159
00:11:26,780 --> 00:11:30,700
...and also get back
at them in a way.
160
00:11:31,020 --> 00:11:33,660
lt was an act of defiance too...
161
00:11:34,220 --> 00:11:37,540
...against my employer,
who didn't want to let me go.
162
00:11:37,980 --> 00:11:41,340
l should also say that
when l was in Berlin...
163
00:11:44,580 --> 00:11:48,060
...l never saw Hitler face to face at all.
164
00:11:48,220 --> 00:11:50,580
l used to open his mail...
165
00:11:50,780 --> 00:11:54,300
...and read the love letters
women would send him...
166
00:11:54,460 --> 00:11:57,340
...but he wasn't there in person at all.
167
00:11:57,500 --> 00:12:00,100
None of the others
ever saw him either.
168
00:12:00,300 --> 00:12:03,020
He was in his personal headquarters...
169
00:12:03,180 --> 00:12:06,540
...far away from his outer office,
you might say.
170
00:12:08,460 --> 00:12:11,660
Then one day a typing competition...
171
00:12:11,820 --> 00:12:16,500
...was announced, throughout the
whole of the chancellery complex...
172
00:12:17,140 --> 00:12:19,060
...and it was rumored that...
173
00:12:19,220 --> 00:12:22,380
...Hitler was looking for
a young girl to be his secretary.
174
00:12:23,020 --> 00:12:27,980
Albert Bormann absolutely insisted
that l should take the test.
175
00:12:28,460 --> 00:12:32,860
So l did, but l genuinely didn't have
any real ambition to get the job...
176
00:12:33,020 --> 00:12:37,780
...because l was actually quite content
with my life at that time.
177
00:12:38,060 --> 00:12:41,060
Living with my sister was fine...
178
00:12:41,700 --> 00:12:45,140
...and the job was quite interesting....
179
00:12:45,940 --> 00:12:49,740
Anyway, l took the typing test...
180
00:12:50,260 --> 00:12:52,220
...and apparently l was quite good...
181
00:12:52,540 --> 00:12:54,900
...even though l had the feeling
that l was awful.
182
00:12:55,260 --> 00:12:58,660
ln any case, one day,
l think it was in...
183
00:12:58,820 --> 00:13:00,700
...October or November, or later....
184
00:13:00,860 --> 00:13:03,780
No, it was much later,
it was early in December...
185
00:13:03,940 --> 00:13:08,020
...and the 10 best girls
from the typing test...
186
00:13:11,220 --> 00:13:15,540
...and taken to the Wolf's Lair,
Hitler's headquarters in East Prussia.
187
00:13:20,220 --> 00:13:23,780
...which was in the grounds
of the headquarters...
188
00:13:23,980 --> 00:13:27,260
...until Hitler had time to see us...
189
00:13:27,580 --> 00:13:29,540
...which took days, in the end.
190
00:13:29,740 --> 00:13:33,860
And then, one night we were taken
through a dark forest...
191
00:13:36,620 --> 00:13:41,740
And that's where the decisive
meeting actually took place.
192
00:13:42,500 --> 00:13:47,660
lt was a very unpleasant building,
that bunker was...
193
00:13:48,580 --> 00:13:51,020
...and in the anteroom,
the servant's area...
194
00:13:51,180 --> 00:13:53,700
...we all lined up.
There were some...
195
00:13:53,900 --> 00:13:56,740
...chairs with cork seats...
196
00:13:57,100 --> 00:14:00,220
...and we waited until Hitler came.
197
00:14:01,340 --> 00:14:03,700
Now, l'd only ever seen him...
198
00:14:04,820 --> 00:14:07,620
...in newsreels and public
appearances.
199
00:14:07,820 --> 00:14:10,660
So l knew his military expression...
200
00:14:10,820 --> 00:14:14,100
...with his arm outstretched.
201
00:14:14,260 --> 00:14:17,980
And then a kindly old gentleman
came up to us...
202
00:14:18,540 --> 00:14:22,300
...speaking in a low voice
and giving us a friendly smile.
203
00:14:22,580 --> 00:14:24,300
He shook hands with each of us...
204
00:14:24,580 --> 00:14:27,740
...looked straight into our eyes with
that famous gaze of his...
205
00:14:27,940 --> 00:14:29,900
...asked our names...
206
00:14:30,580 --> 00:14:36,300
...said a few words to us with
a sort of friendly, paternal air...
207
00:14:36,860 --> 00:14:39,580
...and then disappeared again.
When he went...
208
00:14:39,740 --> 00:14:42,300
...he just said, ''Good evening.''
209
00:14:42,860 --> 00:14:46,660
The experience of meeting him
was completely different...
210
00:14:46,860 --> 00:14:49,100
...than l had imagined beforehand.
211
00:14:49,620 --> 00:14:53,300
lt wasn't at all frightening,
and there was a...
212
00:14:53,620 --> 00:14:57,140
...harmless, peaceful atmosphere.
213
00:14:58,060 --> 00:15:00,940
When it was over we said,
''Now we're curious...
214
00:15:01,140 --> 00:15:04,420
...to know who he's chosen.''
And then Bormann said:
215
00:15:04,580 --> 00:15:07,580
''Not so fast,
now you'll have a trial dictation.''
216
00:15:08,740 --> 00:15:10,460
So l went for a trial dictation.
217
00:15:10,620 --> 00:15:14,820
But Bormann sent another girl
along with me, just in case...
218
00:15:15,420 --> 00:15:18,100
...because apparently Hitler...
219
00:15:18,500 --> 00:15:21,140
...had already had a nasty
experience one time...
220
00:15:21,460 --> 00:15:23,660
...when he asked a secretary...
221
00:15:23,860 --> 00:15:26,780
...to write down something
he wanted to dictate.
222
00:15:26,940 --> 00:15:31,860
She was so nervous that she had
a sort of hysterical fit...
223
00:15:32,020 --> 00:15:34,500
...and he was afraid of that
happening again.
224
00:15:34,660 --> 00:15:37,620
Well, l entered the room...
225
00:15:38,980 --> 00:15:43,180
...and l could feel how cold it was.
Hitler didn't like warm rooms.
226
00:15:43,780 --> 00:15:47,500
And he was very friendly
towards me, again.
227
00:15:47,660 --> 00:15:49,780
''My child,'' he said,
''Don't be nervous.
228
00:15:49,980 --> 00:15:53,020
You can't possibly make
as many mistakes as me.
229
00:15:53,180 --> 00:15:56,860
Sit over here.
Shall l fetch a heater for you?''
230
00:15:57,060 --> 00:15:59,060
He meant an electric heater.
231
00:15:59,220 --> 00:16:03,140
We had special typewriters
that were quiet.
232
00:16:03,460 --> 00:16:06,860
They were called Silenta typewriters.
233
00:16:07,620 --> 00:16:10,740
And then he started
dictating something.
234
00:16:10,940 --> 00:16:14,540
Well, l started typing,
but l knew my hands were trembling...
235
00:16:14,700 --> 00:16:17,780
...so much that l didn't hit
any of the right keys.
236
00:16:17,980 --> 00:16:21,100
l stared down at the paper,
and it looked like Chinese.
237
00:16:21,260 --> 00:16:24,860
And then, thank God,
or perhaps unfortunately...
238
00:16:25,060 --> 00:16:27,980
...his servant came in, Linge,
and said to Hitler:
239
00:16:30,860 --> 00:16:34,180
So Hitler picked up the phone
and talked for a while...
240
00:16:34,500 --> 00:16:36,300
...like any other boss would do.
241
00:16:36,580 --> 00:16:39,980
And that gave me time to calm down
and rewrite the sentence...
242
00:16:40,140 --> 00:16:42,540
...in correct German.
243
00:16:42,980 --> 00:16:45,580
Then he dictated some more,
and it was fine.
244
00:16:45,780 --> 00:16:50,980
lt was actually quite easy.
245
00:16:51,820 --> 00:16:54,780
At the end l gave him the paper,
and l went.
246
00:16:54,940 --> 00:16:57,740
He was quite happy,
and l was quite happy.
247
00:16:58,900 --> 00:17:01,260
l did find it exciting.
248
00:17:01,580 --> 00:17:03,940
l didn't know
what had happened to me.
249
00:17:04,100 --> 00:17:07,620
Suddenly there l was,
little Traudl Humps, sitting...
250
00:17:12,900 --> 00:17:15,140
...was a great man in those days.
251
00:17:15,340 --> 00:17:19,620
lt was such an extraordinary
situation...
252
00:17:19,780 --> 00:17:22,540
..."so incredible, such an adventure".
253
00:17:25,100 --> 00:17:29,340
"And then he called for me
"a few more times, to take dictation"...
254
00:17:29,660 --> 00:17:32,500
..."even though there were other"
"secretaries available"...
255
00:17:32,660 --> 00:17:34,820
...the two old secretaries.
256
00:17:42,340 --> 00:17:45,780
ln fact, all my life
l've disliked working...
257
00:17:45,940 --> 00:17:48,940
...those rigid office hours...
258
00:17:49,140 --> 00:17:51,260
...and sitting at a desk all day long.
259
00:17:51,580 --> 00:17:54,060
And there was none of that there.
260
00:17:54,580 --> 00:17:58,020
After all, Hitler didn't want someone
in the outer office...
261
00:17:58,220 --> 00:18:01,980
...a secretary sitting there all day long,
managing appointments...
262
00:18:02,140 --> 00:18:06,060
...and taking phone calls and
making coffee for him.
263
00:18:06,220 --> 00:18:09,700
The secretaries weren't stationed
in an office at all.
264
00:18:09,900 --> 00:18:12,660
They had their own apartments,
their own rooms...
265
00:18:12,820 --> 00:18:15,180
...and were only called
to take dictation.
266
00:18:15,340 --> 00:18:19,380
He only dictated public speeches...
267
00:18:19,700 --> 00:18:21,980
...or private letters...
268
00:18:22,180 --> 00:18:25,300
...or some other personal things.
269
00:18:25,580 --> 00:18:27,980
We never had to write anything...
270
00:18:28,140 --> 00:18:31,020
...about politics or military matters.
271
00:18:32,180 --> 00:18:33,780
Then he called for me again...
272
00:18:33,940 --> 00:18:37,980
...and the two old secretaries were
standing to his left and right...
273
00:18:41,340 --> 00:18:44,140
...now l should like to ask you...
274
00:18:45,260 --> 00:18:48,100
...if you wish to remain with me.''
275
00:18:48,940 --> 00:18:50,620
And then he said:
276
00:18:50,780 --> 00:18:53,860
''You know,
it's always a problem for me...
277
00:18:54,020 --> 00:18:56,860
...if l take pretty young secretaries.
278
00:18:57,060 --> 00:18:59,700
Someone always marries them
and whisks them off.
279
00:18:59,980 --> 00:19:03,140
Maybe they should have to wear
disfiguring ornaments...
280
00:19:03,300 --> 00:19:05,860
...like Negro women, in their lips.''
281
00:19:06,060 --> 00:19:10,900
And l must have been mad,
because l said to him:
282
00:19:14,140 --> 00:19:17,780
l've been without a man
for the last 22 years...
283
00:19:18,300 --> 00:19:20,700
...so it's no problem for me.''
284
00:19:21,300 --> 00:19:23,380
And he just burst out laughing.
285
00:19:23,700 --> 00:19:28,140
At the time l didn't realize
what nonsense l was talking.
286
00:19:28,340 --> 00:19:31,740
''l've been without a man
for the last 22 years!''
287
00:19:33,900 --> 00:19:37,380
Now, l have to confess l couldn't
really say ''no'' at that point.
288
00:19:37,700 --> 00:19:42,660
l didn't have any reason to say,
''No, l don't want to stay with you.''
289
00:19:42,860 --> 00:19:46,020
To be honest,
l must admit l liked the idea.
290
00:19:49,100 --> 00:19:52,180
ln February '43, after Stalingrad...
291
00:19:52,980 --> 00:19:55,460
...things were really quite different...
292
00:19:55,780 --> 00:20:00,300
...though l didn't notice it very much
because l was so new.
293
00:20:04,940 --> 00:20:08,100
...must have changed at that time.
There was an...
294
00:20:10,220 --> 00:20:12,420
...oppressive atmosphere.
295
00:20:14,020 --> 00:20:16,740
Up until that time...
296
00:20:16,900 --> 00:20:21,340
...Hitler used to take his meals
with his officers in the mess...
297
00:20:21,820 --> 00:20:24,940
...which of course meant that...
298
00:20:25,340 --> 00:20:27,700
...everyone would talk shop.
299
00:20:28,940 --> 00:20:32,820
lt wasn't very relaxing for him.
300
00:20:32,980 --> 00:20:37,380
Then it occurred to him that he could
take his meals with his secretaries...
301
00:20:37,860 --> 00:20:41,420
...and we were told not to bother him...
302
00:20:41,740 --> 00:20:44,380
...with questions about Stalingrad
or other subjects.
303
00:20:44,540 --> 00:20:47,340
He wanted to take it easy
at mealtimes.
304
00:20:48,060 --> 00:20:51,380
So it was arranged that
of the four secretaries...
305
00:20:51,540 --> 00:20:54,300
...two would have lunch with him
each day.
306
00:20:54,500 --> 00:20:56,780
The other two would have dinner
with him...
307
00:20:56,940 --> 00:21:00,460
...and the two from lunch would have
a cup of tea with him at night.
308
00:21:03,500 --> 00:21:05,340
You know, l never had the feeling...
309
00:21:05,540 --> 00:21:09,180
...that he was conscious of pursuing
criminal aims.
310
00:21:09,420 --> 00:21:12,780
For him they were ideals.
311
00:21:12,940 --> 00:21:15,140
For him they were great goals.
312
00:21:15,420 --> 00:21:18,820
And human life meant nothing to him
in comparison.
313
00:21:19,260 --> 00:21:22,500
But that only became so apparent
to me afterwards.
314
00:21:22,820 --> 00:21:25,580
You see, in the inner circle
surrounding him...
315
00:21:25,860 --> 00:21:28,260
...in his private sphere...
316
00:21:28,820 --> 00:21:33,420
...l was shielded from the
megalomaniac projects...
317
00:21:33,580 --> 00:21:36,580
...and the barbaric measures.
318
00:21:37,940 --> 00:21:40,540
That was the awful thing,
that's what gave me...
319
00:21:40,860 --> 00:21:45,780
...such a shock later, when l realized
what had been happening.
320
00:21:51,220 --> 00:21:53,780
When l started working there
l thought...
321
00:21:53,980 --> 00:21:57,620
...l was at the source of information...
322
00:21:57,980 --> 00:22:00,140
...and in fact, l was in a blind spot.
323
00:22:00,900 --> 00:22:02,340
lt's like...
324
00:22:04,500 --> 00:22:08,460
...in an explosion, there's one place
where calmness reigns.
325
00:22:09,300 --> 00:22:14,020
And that was the great illusion...
326
00:22:14,180 --> 00:22:17,180
...the great, not disappointment,
but the great...
327
00:22:17,980 --> 00:22:20,220
...lie that l had made myself believe.
328
00:22:23,140 --> 00:22:27,620
That same man who made speeches,
when l think back...
329
00:22:27,940 --> 00:22:31,500
...with that rolling R
and all that roaring...
330
00:22:31,660 --> 00:22:32,900
...and clipping his words...
331
00:22:33,060 --> 00:22:35,980
...l never heard him speak
like that in private.
332
00:22:36,140 --> 00:22:40,500
He could speak in such a flattering--
Such a modulated tone.
333
00:22:40,700 --> 00:22:46,380
ln his private life he had that
gentle Austrian intonation too...
334
00:22:46,540 --> 00:22:49,860
...and he used some words
that were typically Austrian.
335
00:22:50,020 --> 00:22:52,740
For example, "nimmermehr",
or ''nevermore''...
336
00:22:52,900 --> 00:22:55,020
...isn't used in Bavaria
or the rest of Germany.
337
00:22:55,220 --> 00:22:59,460
''l heard it nevermore.''
And things like that...
338
00:22:59,820 --> 00:23:02,020
...did fascinate me, really.
339
00:23:02,180 --> 00:23:04,820
The courteous manner...
340
00:23:04,980 --> 00:23:07,940
...he displayed in his private life.
341
00:23:10,100 --> 00:23:13,500
Apart from his stomach and
digestive disorders, he gave...
342
00:23:13,660 --> 00:23:15,860
...the impression
of being very healthy.
343
00:23:16,020 --> 00:23:19,700
And he had to cope with...
344
00:23:19,860 --> 00:23:21,860
...an unhealthy way of life.
345
00:23:22,020 --> 00:23:25,500
Far too little fresh air,
far too little exercise.
346
00:23:26,580 --> 00:23:28,740
He didn't smoke or drink alcohol...
347
00:23:28,900 --> 00:23:31,220
...although being healthy
is more than that.
348
00:23:31,620 --> 00:23:36,500
But his problems were all connected
with the stomach and digestion.
349
00:23:36,860 --> 00:23:39,580
And maybe that's the underlying
reason why he...
350
00:23:39,740 --> 00:23:44,540
...had a vegetarian lifestyle,
or such an unbalanced lifestyle.
351
00:23:45,580 --> 00:23:48,980
He was very dependent on Dr. Morell,
his personal physician.
352
00:23:50,020 --> 00:23:52,940
And the doctor was a very
exotic character.
353
00:23:53,140 --> 00:23:57,100
He had been a ship's doctor,
and he'd lived in lndia for years.
354
00:23:57,260 --> 00:24:01,460
His approach to medicine was what
l would today describe as ''holistic.''
355
00:24:01,620 --> 00:24:03,780
With some homeopathic elements...
356
00:24:04,940 --> 00:24:07,620
...and natural remedies.
357
00:24:07,980 --> 00:24:10,260
Dr. Morell had to help him a lot...
358
00:24:10,580 --> 00:24:14,100
...constantly giving him some sort of
pills for his digestion...
359
00:24:14,260 --> 00:24:16,500
...or for gas, and he also gave him...
360
00:24:16,700 --> 00:24:20,940
...hormone and vitamin injections.
He used to swear by them.
361
00:24:21,100 --> 00:24:25,540
l often used to ask Hitler's servant
about his personal habits...
362
00:24:25,700 --> 00:24:28,580
...and he would tell me
some things himself.
363
00:24:28,740 --> 00:24:31,740
For example,
he never liked being touched.
364
00:24:31,900 --> 00:24:35,500
He didn't think much of massage
or other things...
365
00:24:35,660 --> 00:24:37,780
...to do with the body.
366
00:24:37,940 --> 00:24:41,580
And one time he said to me:
367
00:24:41,940 --> 00:24:44,740
''l can't wear shorts
because my knees are so white.
368
00:24:44,900 --> 00:24:46,620
l'm not the athletic sort.''
369
00:24:46,780 --> 00:24:48,700
Or he once said:
370
00:24:48,900 --> 00:24:51,980
''Eva always wants me to
keep my back straight...
371
00:24:52,140 --> 00:24:56,860
...but l always say she should try it
with such heavy keys in her pockets.''
372
00:24:57,580 --> 00:25:01,700
He used to talk a lot about
private matters...
373
00:25:01,860 --> 00:25:03,980
...and also about
quite personal things.
374
00:25:04,180 --> 00:25:08,100
For instance, once the war
had started he never...
375
00:25:08,260 --> 00:25:11,980
...wore anything but army gray.
376
00:25:12,180 --> 00:25:14,980
Before the war he wore tails
for formal occasions...
377
00:25:15,140 --> 00:25:18,900
...or his brown SA uniform.
378
00:25:19,060 --> 00:25:21,140
lt was a matter of principle for him.
379
00:25:22,700 --> 00:25:25,380
He was a clean, well-groomed man.
380
00:25:25,700 --> 00:25:27,220
For instance, he always...
381
00:25:27,380 --> 00:25:30,180
...washed his hands when he
had been stroking his dog.
382
00:25:31,340 --> 00:25:34,660
His dog Blondie
meant an awful lot to him.
383
00:25:34,820 --> 00:25:39,060
Blondie could provide a whole
evening's entertainment.
384
00:25:39,700 --> 00:25:43,660
He was convinced that she was
incredibly clever and sophisticated...
385
00:25:43,820 --> 00:25:45,980
...an absolutely wonderful dog
all around.
386
00:25:46,140 --> 00:25:49,180
And she had a real fixation
with him too.
387
00:25:49,380 --> 00:25:53,300
Even though she had been trained
by a dog trainer...
388
00:25:53,620 --> 00:25:56,900
...and was very well looked after.
389
00:25:57,100 --> 00:26:00,660
l don't think Hitler fed
the dog himself.
390
00:26:00,860 --> 00:26:05,340
But l remember now that in Hitler's
small bedroom in the bunker...
391
00:26:05,820 --> 00:26:09,780
...there was a big wooden box
for Blondie, as well.
392
00:26:09,980 --> 00:26:12,740
lt was very large,
in case she had puppies.
393
00:26:12,940 --> 00:26:16,100
lt was crowded in there with us all
gathered around the bed.
394
00:26:16,260 --> 00:26:18,860
lf you wanted to leave,
everyone had to stand up.
395
00:26:19,020 --> 00:26:20,180
Well, anyway...
396
00:26:20,340 --> 00:26:23,660
...Blondie could do
all sorts of tricks too.
397
00:26:23,860 --> 00:26:26,220
She could bark
when given a command...
398
00:26:26,380 --> 00:26:28,420
...and not just bark, she could sing!
399
00:26:28,740 --> 00:26:31,700
She could make a sort of
howling noise, and if Hitler said:
400
00:26:31,860 --> 00:26:34,860
''Sing deeper, Blondie,
sing like Zarah Leander''...
401
00:26:35,060 --> 00:26:37,940
...Blondie would sing
an octave deeper.
402
00:26:38,100 --> 00:26:40,420
He was very proud of that trick.
403
00:26:40,820 --> 00:26:43,780
He was also immensely proud
that she always obeyed him.
404
00:26:43,940 --> 00:26:46,380
She really did obey his every word.
405
00:26:46,660 --> 00:26:49,620
Sometimes he'd go for a walk
with her in the grounds...
406
00:26:49,780 --> 00:26:51,700
...where lots of obstacles
had been built...
407
00:26:51,860 --> 00:26:56,380
...and he was really pleased
to see how clever she was.
408
00:26:56,700 --> 00:26:59,220
Sometimes he'd throw a dumbbell
for her...
409
00:26:59,420 --> 00:27:04,260
...but then she'd just pick it up
at one end...
410
00:27:04,420 --> 00:27:06,300
...and it would hang down sideways.
411
00:27:06,460 --> 00:27:09,100
Then he used to show us
what she would do.
412
00:27:09,300 --> 00:27:11,500
He'd put his head on one side...
413
00:27:11,780 --> 00:27:14,420
...and imitate Blondie gazing up
at him, to check...
414
00:27:14,740 --> 00:27:17,900
...he was looking. And he'd
have to say, ''Blondie, properly!''
415
00:27:18,060 --> 00:27:20,780
And then she'd put it down properly.
416
00:27:20,980 --> 00:27:24,140
He used to tell lots of stories
like that...
417
00:27:24,300 --> 00:27:26,980
...and l think he really enjoyed it.
418
00:27:28,820 --> 00:27:32,780
When l think about it now,
and listen to what l'm saying...
419
00:27:32,980 --> 00:27:34,860
...all of these...
420
00:27:35,060 --> 00:27:39,700
...little stories sound so banal.
421
00:27:39,940 --> 00:27:42,140
l think those characteristics of his...
422
00:27:42,340 --> 00:27:45,260
...the personal mannerisms he had...
423
00:27:45,420 --> 00:27:47,780
...aren't really at all important now...
424
00:27:47,940 --> 00:27:51,500
...because the total effect
was so terrible.
425
00:27:52,460 --> 00:27:56,900
l mean, at the time it was quite
important for me, of course...
426
00:27:57,060 --> 00:27:59,260
...to see his human side.
427
00:27:59,420 --> 00:28:02,060
But today it's almost as though...
428
00:28:02,260 --> 00:28:04,860
...l'd rather not describe these things
so clearly.
429
00:28:08,100 --> 00:28:11,100
Was there a moment...
430
00:28:11,260 --> 00:28:14,340
...a certain time,
when you had the feeling that...
431
00:28:15,380 --> 00:28:19,380
...the issue of the Jews came up?
432
00:28:23,980 --> 00:28:28,420
l'll tell you about one incident...
433
00:28:30,140 --> 00:28:34,420
...which took place at the Berghof...
434
00:28:34,580 --> 00:28:38,940
...when Himmler was also present,
l think it was the only time.
435
00:28:39,380 --> 00:28:42,820
Then he talked about
concentration camps.
436
00:28:42,980 --> 00:28:48,780
He said that there was...
437
00:28:48,940 --> 00:28:52,300
...what was called a ''method''...
438
00:28:52,540 --> 00:28:57,060
...and it was managed quite cleverly.
So for example...
439
00:28:57,220 --> 00:29:01,260
...if someone was an arsonist,
he was put on fire duty...
440
00:29:01,420 --> 00:29:05,420
...and you could be quite sure
there would never be a fire.
441
00:29:07,140 --> 00:29:09,940
That comment was the only time...
442
00:29:10,100 --> 00:29:14,900
...that the term concentration camp
was ever mentioned there.
443
00:29:16,220 --> 00:29:20,780
The word Jew was virtually
never used...
444
00:29:20,940 --> 00:29:23,420
...in everyday speech.
445
00:29:23,620 --> 00:29:26,060
The fact that Hitler would,
at times...
446
00:29:26,220 --> 00:29:29,540
...say something in his speeches
about ''international Judaism''...
447
00:29:29,820 --> 00:29:34,340
...or ''the Jews,''
that was virtually ignored.
448
00:29:37,220 --> 00:29:40,580
Nobody ever raised the subject...
449
00:29:40,860 --> 00:29:43,260
...at least, not in our presence.
450
00:29:44,980 --> 00:29:47,580
Actually, the only time
l can remember...
451
00:29:47,860 --> 00:29:51,820
...the subject really being an issue...
452
00:29:52,020 --> 00:29:54,300
...was one evening at the Berghof...
453
00:29:54,460 --> 00:29:57,900
...when Frau von Schirach
was a guest.
454
00:29:58,060 --> 00:30:01,180
l wasn't there at the time,
l only heard about it.
455
00:30:01,340 --> 00:30:05,060
l was out of the room
when it happened.
456
00:30:05,500 --> 00:30:10,180
She was on fairly cordial terms
with Hitler...
457
00:30:14,940 --> 00:30:17,420
...that it was quite terrible, the way...
458
00:30:17,580 --> 00:30:22,460
...the Jews were treated in Amsterdam.
They were packed into trains...
459
00:30:22,620 --> 00:30:26,260
...she said, and it was
an inhumane way to behave.
460
00:30:26,460 --> 00:30:29,900
lt must have made him very angry...
461
00:30:30,100 --> 00:30:32,300
...and he said to her:
462
00:30:32,500 --> 00:30:35,100
''Don't interfere in things
you don't understand.
463
00:30:35,260 --> 00:30:38,140
This mawkishness
and sentimentality.''
464
00:30:38,300 --> 00:30:41,260
He really was very annoyed.
465
00:30:41,420 --> 00:30:45,460
He walked right out of the room
and didn't return.
466
00:30:45,620 --> 00:30:50,180
And Frau Schirach was never invited
to the Berghof again.
467
00:30:51,420 --> 00:30:54,860
l think my husband told me about it.
He was there at the time.
468
00:30:55,060 --> 00:30:59,020
lt's something l often thought about
since then....
469
00:30:59,220 --> 00:31:03,700
You couldn't discuss anything
with him...
470
00:31:04,020 --> 00:31:07,340
...that was somehow sensitive...
471
00:31:09,020 --> 00:31:10,900
...or difficult.
472
00:31:11,060 --> 00:31:15,380
lt was one aspect of him.
And that was really the only time...
473
00:31:15,620 --> 00:31:20,300
...a conflict situation developed.
474
00:31:20,460 --> 00:31:22,500
But l sometimes think...
475
00:31:22,940 --> 00:31:25,860
...if l ever had the opportunity...
476
00:31:26,060 --> 00:31:28,740
...to meet Hitler again, in this life...
477
00:31:28,900 --> 00:31:31,180
...or in some other world...
478
00:31:32,100 --> 00:31:35,140
...l really would like to ask him...
479
00:31:36,220 --> 00:31:40,260
...what he would have done if he
had found some Jewish blood...
480
00:31:40,540 --> 00:31:43,940
...in his own family.
Would he have gassed himself?
481
00:31:44,500 --> 00:31:47,700
He didn't think in human dimensions.
482
00:31:48,940 --> 00:31:51,580
Humanity was never
of any importance to him.
483
00:31:51,740 --> 00:31:53,740
lt was always the concept
of the superman...
484
00:31:53,900 --> 00:31:56,780
...the nation,
always this abstract image...
485
00:31:56,940 --> 00:32:00,580
...of a vast German Reich,
powerful and strong.
486
00:32:00,740 --> 00:32:03,140
But the individual never mattered
to him.
487
00:32:03,300 --> 00:32:06,140
Though he always said he wanted
to make people happy.
488
00:32:06,300 --> 00:32:09,100
He started a variety of welfare...
489
00:32:09,260 --> 00:32:13,020
...and recreational organizations
in the Third Reich.
490
00:32:13,180 --> 00:32:18,060
Personal happiness was never
of the slightest importance to him.
491
00:32:30,300 --> 00:32:32,660
Love was quite alien to him?
492
00:32:35,820 --> 00:32:38,620
He never really spoke about love.
493
00:32:40,180 --> 00:32:43,780
ln fact,
l never heard him say the word.
494
00:32:46,100 --> 00:32:47,860
That has just occurred to me.
495
00:32:52,260 --> 00:32:54,180
His ideas on the subject...
496
00:32:54,340 --> 00:32:57,580
...were really what you'd almost
call primitive.
497
00:32:59,020 --> 00:33:02,620
The greatest hero deserves
the most beautiful woman.
498
00:33:04,260 --> 00:33:08,300
He once said that Robert Ley,
the politician, had a beautiful wife...
499
00:33:08,620 --> 00:33:10,580
...and she must have been beautiful.
500
00:33:10,740 --> 00:33:14,020
But in the same way that
Brigitte Helm was...
501
00:33:14,180 --> 00:33:18,340
...as if she were made of marble,
that amazingly regular, blond beauty.
502
00:33:18,820 --> 00:33:21,660
Although l think she was
incredibly boring.
503
00:33:21,820 --> 00:33:26,540
He couldn't understand how a man
with such a beautiful wife...
504
00:33:26,740 --> 00:33:29,660
...could be unfaithful
with a less beautiful woman.
505
00:33:30,020 --> 00:33:33,180
He couldn't imagine that a woman
could have any other...
506
00:33:33,340 --> 00:33:35,780
...qualities apart from flawless beauty.
507
00:33:36,220 --> 00:33:40,180
l don't think he really
knew very much about women.
508
00:33:43,180 --> 00:33:47,860
And l never had the feeling
that his relationship with Eva...
509
00:33:48,340 --> 00:33:50,700
...had a very strong erotic element.
510
00:33:50,900 --> 00:33:54,900
He certainly exerted
considerable attraction, but...
511
00:33:55,060 --> 00:33:58,860
...l don't know whether l'm right
about this, but l had the impression...
512
00:34:00,180 --> 00:34:03,700
...that he felt uneasy
about anything erotic.
513
00:34:07,820 --> 00:34:09,900
l can't really explain it.
514
00:34:11,420 --> 00:34:15,300
l think he wasn't prepared to
let himself go.
515
00:34:15,860 --> 00:34:20,060
And that's a very important part
of an erotic relationship, after all.
516
00:34:23,780 --> 00:34:25,860
He really liked arranging marriages...
517
00:34:26,020 --> 00:34:29,340
...but if he was ever asked
why he didn't marry, he'd say:
518
00:34:29,660 --> 00:34:33,900
''l wouldn't be a good husband.
l couldn't allow myself to be.''
519
00:34:34,660 --> 00:34:38,380
And he probably wanted to maintain
the image of an unmarried man...
520
00:34:38,700 --> 00:34:42,100
...for the sake of the female voters.
521
00:34:42,260 --> 00:34:44,780
l mean, women were crazy about him.
522
00:34:44,980 --> 00:34:46,700
l really don't know why.
523
00:34:47,860 --> 00:34:50,740
He did once say something else
on the subject.
524
00:34:50,900 --> 00:34:55,300
He said,
''Children are always a risk.
525
00:34:55,500 --> 00:34:58,820
Sometimes the children of a genius
turn out to be cretins.''
526
00:34:59,340 --> 00:35:02,900
And even though l was such
a naive young girl...
527
00:35:03,060 --> 00:35:05,020
...it struck me as very odd.
528
00:35:05,180 --> 00:35:07,980
How can anyone regard himself
as a genius?
529
00:35:08,180 --> 00:35:10,900
lt made me flinch inside.
530
00:35:15,380 --> 00:35:18,900
The 20 of July, 1944...
531
00:35:19,220 --> 00:35:22,140
...was a particularly hot,
oppressive day.
532
00:35:23,900 --> 00:35:27,820
Frau Christian and l took advantage
of the weather that morning...
533
00:35:27,980 --> 00:35:32,340
...to go for a bicycle ride outside
the restricted area, to a little lake...
534
00:35:32,500 --> 00:35:36,020
...where we could swim around
and lie in the sun for a while.
535
00:35:36,180 --> 00:35:40,780
We didn't say a word to each other,
we were just dreaming.
536
00:35:41,860 --> 00:35:45,060
When the sun was high in the sky,
and we knew it must be noon...
537
00:35:45,220 --> 00:35:48,260
...we decided it was time to start back.
538
00:35:48,420 --> 00:35:51,820
We didn't know if the
situation report meeting had started...
539
00:35:51,980 --> 00:35:55,020
...and we might have been needed
earlier in any case.
540
00:35:55,380 --> 00:35:57,780
When we got back to the camp...
541
00:35:57,940 --> 00:36:02,340
...the officers' cars were parked there,
so the meeting was still in progress.
542
00:36:02,500 --> 00:36:04,860
We went to our room...
543
00:36:05,460 --> 00:36:09,300
...and all of a sudden there was
a terrible bang.
544
00:36:10,060 --> 00:36:11,540
There were often loud noises...
545
00:36:11,820 --> 00:36:14,940
...if a deer stepped on one
of the land mines...
546
00:36:15,140 --> 00:36:18,940
...or there was an air-raid exercise,
or a new weapon was being tested.
547
00:36:19,100 --> 00:36:21,380
We didn't think anything of it.
548
00:36:21,540 --> 00:36:25,980
But then suddenly there was
a huge uproar outside.
549
00:36:26,180 --> 00:36:28,060
Someone called the doctor.
550
00:36:28,260 --> 00:36:32,420
We raced out of the barracks,
and somehow we could tell...
551
00:36:32,580 --> 00:36:34,500
...that something had happened.
552
00:36:37,940 --> 00:36:41,060
...and there were soldiers
running towards us, saying:
553
00:36:41,300 --> 00:36:45,420
''You can't go any further,
there's been a bomb explosion.''
554
00:36:49,060 --> 00:36:51,500
...or any details
about what had happened.
555
00:36:51,820 --> 00:36:55,220
Then we headed for the building
where the meeting had taken place...
556
00:36:55,420 --> 00:36:56,980
...and we wanted to go inside...
557
00:36:57,140 --> 00:36:59,220
...but just then someone came...
558
00:36:59,420 --> 00:37:02,420
...towards us covered in blood,
General Jodl, l think...
559
00:37:02,580 --> 00:37:06,580
...and Major Weizenegger,
one of the staff officers...
560
00:37:07,140 --> 00:37:09,100
...and they said to us:
561
00:37:09,260 --> 00:37:13,860
''There's no access here, you can't
go on. You'll have to turn back.''
562
00:37:15,340 --> 00:37:18,340
lt really was a big shock for us...
563
00:37:18,540 --> 00:37:21,780
...because it made us wonder
what would happen to us...
564
00:37:25,060 --> 00:37:26,580
...how things could carry on.
565
00:37:26,900 --> 00:37:29,540
There were all sorts of wild thoughts
in our heads:
566
00:37:29,860 --> 00:37:31,340
''What will happen to us?''
567
00:37:35,500 --> 00:37:39,260
lt really was an atmosphere
of extreme panic.
568
00:37:40,260 --> 00:37:43,900
We went back to our room...
569
00:37:48,180 --> 00:37:51,580
He looked very disheveled
and anxious...
570
00:37:55,300 --> 00:37:57,020
He's in his bunker now...
571
00:37:57,220 --> 00:38:00,220
...and you can go and see him,
if you like.''
572
00:38:04,260 --> 00:38:06,100
...and he was standing
in the anteroom.
573
00:38:06,340 --> 00:38:09,140
He looked so funny,
we almost burst out laughing.
574
00:38:09,300 --> 00:38:11,060
His hair was standing on end...
575
00:38:11,220 --> 00:38:14,300
...his trousers were hanging
in tatters...
576
00:38:14,500 --> 00:38:19,060
...but he greeted us with an almost
triumphant smile, and said:
577
00:38:19,220 --> 00:38:21,500
''l have been saved.
578
00:38:22,060 --> 00:38:25,500
Destiny has chosen me,
providence has preserved me.
579
00:38:25,660 --> 00:38:28,900
lt is a sign that l must see my mission
through to the end.
580
00:38:29,060 --> 00:38:33,020
Those cowards were too scared
to open fire and risk their own lives...
581
00:38:33,220 --> 00:38:34,380
...they planted a bomb.''
582
00:38:34,540 --> 00:38:36,980
He was raging and cursing...
583
00:38:37,140 --> 00:38:39,940
...and he thought the
construction squad...
584
00:38:40,100 --> 00:38:43,140
...that had just built the barracks...
585
00:38:43,300 --> 00:38:48,180
...might have hidden a bomb
in the floor of the building.
586
00:38:49,860 --> 00:38:51,740
Then we left him.
587
00:38:51,940 --> 00:38:53,700
He told us with great pride...
588
00:38:53,860 --> 00:38:57,860
...that Dr. Morell had taken his pulse,
and it was quite normal.
589
00:38:58,020 --> 00:39:02,020
He just had some bruises
on his right arm, which hurt him...
590
00:39:02,180 --> 00:39:05,260
...so he kept it inside the jacket
of his uniform.
591
00:39:06,220 --> 00:39:09,940
At the time we were very relieved...
592
00:39:10,100 --> 00:39:15,060
...because after all,
we had been spared a huge change...
593
00:39:15,260 --> 00:39:17,980
...that would have affected us
in ways...
594
00:39:18,140 --> 00:39:20,340
...we could hardly imagine.
595
00:39:21,380 --> 00:39:24,780
We had dinner with him that evening.
596
00:39:25,380 --> 00:39:29,900
No, that afternoon Mussolini
came for a visit.
597
00:39:30,380 --> 00:39:34,660
Hitler was very proud when he showed
him the site of the explosion.
598
00:39:34,820 --> 00:39:38,180
He explained that the building...
599
00:39:38,380 --> 00:39:42,220
...had been completely destroyed.
lt was a fairly flimsy structure.
600
00:39:42,860 --> 00:39:45,820
And of course he stressed again...
601
00:39:46,060 --> 00:39:50,900
...that it was an act of fate,
an act of divine providence...
602
00:39:51,100 --> 00:39:54,060
...that the meeting had not been
held in the bunker...
603
00:39:54,260 --> 00:39:56,020
...as originally planned.
604
00:39:56,180 --> 00:39:59,900
Since the bunker wasn't finished,
it had been moved to the barracks.
605
00:40:00,060 --> 00:40:02,820
lf it had been in the bunker,
he said:
606
00:40:02,980 --> 00:40:05,020
''l would no longer be alive.''
607
00:40:05,780 --> 00:40:10,100
But very soon afterwards
something came to light...
608
00:40:10,260 --> 00:40:13,260
...that shocked him to the very core.
609
00:40:13,700 --> 00:40:16,780
He was in talks...
610
00:40:16,940 --> 00:40:20,300
...to establish how the attack
had been mounted...
611
00:40:20,700 --> 00:40:24,620
...when suddenly the telephone
operator came up to him and said:
612
00:40:29,100 --> 00:40:32,140
...has left the barracks.
613
00:40:32,340 --> 00:40:35,900
He said he was going to make
a phone call, but he didn't.''
614
00:40:36,100 --> 00:40:39,620
Apparently he used that as a pretense
to leave the barracks...
615
00:40:39,780 --> 00:40:43,060
...but the telephone operator said,
''He didn't make any phone calls.''
616
00:40:44,220 --> 00:40:47,740
So straight away suspicion
fell on certain officers...
617
00:40:47,900 --> 00:40:50,580
...instead of the construction squad...
618
00:40:50,740 --> 00:40:54,660
...and of course the information
was sent to Berlin immediately.
619
00:40:54,820 --> 00:40:57,340
Goebbels was informed,
and in Berlin...
620
00:40:57,660 --> 00:40:59,860
...the whole apparatus
was set in motion.
621
00:41:00,020 --> 00:41:04,260
The Army Supreme Command
stepped in, or was informed...
622
00:41:04,540 --> 00:41:07,020
...and Goebbels contacted
Colonel Remer...
623
00:41:07,180 --> 00:41:10,540
...who was in command of the
greater Deutschland regiment.
624
00:41:10,700 --> 00:41:15,340
They occupied the radio station,
and other important sites too, l think...
625
00:41:15,940 --> 00:41:20,380
...so everything went very,
very wrong for Stauffenberg.
626
00:41:21,700 --> 00:41:23,060
Meanwhile...
627
00:41:26,780 --> 00:41:31,100
...this betrayal by senior staff
officers naturally...
628
00:41:31,580 --> 00:41:34,540
...caused a huge panic.
629
00:41:34,700 --> 00:41:37,580
Hitler flew into a rage.
630
00:41:38,060 --> 00:41:41,540
He started cursing the cowards
who wanted to get rid of him...
631
00:41:41,740 --> 00:41:43,300
...and had absolutely no idea...
632
00:41:44,380 --> 00:41:47,580
...what would happen in Germany
and throughout Europe...
633
00:41:47,780 --> 00:41:49,940
...if he were no longer alive...
634
00:41:50,100 --> 00:41:55,860
...if Judaism were once more in power,
full of hatred that would destroy...
635
00:41:56,020 --> 00:41:59,620
...Germany, the whole of Europe
and the entire culture.
636
00:41:59,820 --> 00:42:02,660
''They have no idea,'' he said...
637
00:42:02,820 --> 00:42:05,820
...''what our enemies plan to do
with Germany and Europe.''
638
00:42:05,980 --> 00:42:08,860
The Western powers would never
be powerful enough...
639
00:42:09,020 --> 00:42:12,740
...to resist Bolshevism, he claimed.
640
00:42:12,940 --> 00:42:15,100
Only he had the capacity to do that...
641
00:42:15,300 --> 00:42:19,140
...and he would not be prevented
from carrying out his mission.
642
00:42:19,300 --> 00:42:22,260
There was no other solution,
Germany had to win the war.
643
00:42:22,420 --> 00:42:24,940
By this time he had
worked himself up...
644
00:42:25,140 --> 00:42:28,140
...into an almost euphoric mood.
645
00:42:29,140 --> 00:42:33,380
And the incident made him feel even
more certain he was on the right path.
646
00:42:33,660 --> 00:42:35,740
l have often wondered whether...
647
00:42:35,900 --> 00:42:40,300
...it might have been possible before
then, when the situation wasn't...
648
00:42:40,460 --> 00:42:44,020
...so absolutely terrible, for him to say:
649
00:42:44,180 --> 00:42:46,220
''l can't win the war.''
650
00:42:46,740 --> 00:42:50,020
Perhaps he would have said
at some point:
651
00:42:50,180 --> 00:42:53,340
''l have to make peace.''
But after the attack...
652
00:42:53,940 --> 00:42:56,780
...any hope of that was
completely in vain.
653
00:42:56,940 --> 00:43:00,020
He felt so reinforced in his beliefs...
654
00:43:00,380 --> 00:43:04,740
...and that evening he made a speech
to the German nation...
655
00:43:04,900 --> 00:43:08,260
...saying he had been saved
in a miraculous way and...
656
00:43:08,820 --> 00:43:14,380
...telling us we had to stake everything
on winning the war.
657
00:43:16,260 --> 00:43:19,180
''We must triumph!''
That stupid, ''We must triumph...
658
00:43:19,340 --> 00:43:21,260
...because triumph we must!''
659
00:43:22,300 --> 00:43:25,780
Hitler always used to say,
''lt is impossible...
660
00:43:25,980 --> 00:43:30,300
...for Bolshevism to be victorious.
661
00:43:31,740 --> 00:43:35,220
l am the only one
who can prevent that.
662
00:43:35,420 --> 00:43:39,100
Without Germany, the Western
powers are not strong enough...
663
00:43:39,260 --> 00:43:41,180
...to halt this avalanche.''
664
00:43:41,340 --> 00:43:44,060
He was convinced of that...
665
00:43:44,460 --> 00:43:47,900
...but he must also have seen
that victory was impossible.
666
00:43:48,780 --> 00:43:50,260
l actually think...
667
00:43:52,420 --> 00:43:55,980
...he had lost touch with reality.
668
00:43:56,980 --> 00:43:58,900
He simply no longer...
669
00:44:05,380 --> 00:44:07,820
...had his feet firmly on the ground.
670
00:44:07,980 --> 00:44:10,460
So then he wanted
to make a clean sweep...
671
00:44:10,780 --> 00:44:13,180
...and drag everyone else
down with him.
672
00:44:17,020 --> 00:44:20,100
As for myself, deep in my heart...
673
00:44:20,300 --> 00:44:22,860
...l did have some doubts,
and l wondered:
674
00:44:23,060 --> 00:44:25,060
''ls all this absolutely right?''
675
00:44:25,220 --> 00:44:29,940
But then to question the situation...
676
00:44:30,100 --> 00:44:34,380
...actually to initiate a discussion...
677
00:44:35,100 --> 00:44:37,460
...would have taken more courage.
678
00:44:41,020 --> 00:44:44,580
And l think it's also the case that
if you value and respect someone...
679
00:44:44,860 --> 00:44:48,220
...you don't really want to destroy
the image of that person...
680
00:44:48,380 --> 00:44:51,100
...you don't want to know, in fact...
681
00:44:58,460 --> 00:45:01,980
l don't think he considered war
a light-hearted matter.
682
00:45:02,140 --> 00:45:04,500
He regarded it as a terrible thing...
683
00:45:04,660 --> 00:45:06,700
...although he never said so.
684
00:45:06,860 --> 00:45:10,860
For instance, whenever
there were reports of air raids...
685
00:45:11,020 --> 00:45:15,100
...and people described the situation,
or if l said something like:
686
00:45:19,780 --> 00:45:24,780
...for all those homeless people
whose houses have been bombed...
687
00:45:24,940 --> 00:45:26,900
...it's just so terrible.''
688
00:45:27,100 --> 00:45:29,380
He'd stop me right away and say:
689
00:45:29,540 --> 00:45:31,940
''l know exactly how it is,
but we shall strike back.
690
00:45:32,140 --> 00:45:34,900
We shall take revenge,
and with our new weapons...
691
00:45:35,100 --> 00:45:37,700
...everything will change.
Vengeance will be ours!''
692
00:45:37,900 --> 00:45:42,220
He would always say that,
and in particular he'd say that...
693
00:45:42,540 --> 00:45:46,580
...we would rebuild everything after
the war and make it better than ever.
694
00:45:48,140 --> 00:45:50,940
l think there was a general policy
of denial.
695
00:45:51,100 --> 00:45:53,940
He never did see a city
that had been badly bombed.
696
00:45:54,100 --> 00:45:59,020
We traveled through Germany in the
special train with the blinds down...
697
00:45:59,580 --> 00:46:05,220
...and when he reached Anhalter
Station in Berlin at night...
698
00:46:06,140 --> 00:46:10,140
...the chauffeur would take the streets
that weren't so badly damaged.
699
00:46:12,780 --> 00:46:16,460
Another thing, he would never
have flowers in his room.
700
00:46:16,980 --> 00:46:19,500
He hated to have dead things around.
701
00:46:19,660 --> 00:46:22,420
And that's strange,
when you think about it.
702
00:46:22,620 --> 00:46:25,500
Someone who kills thousands
of people...
703
00:46:25,660 --> 00:46:29,700
...doesn't want dead flowers in
his room, beautiful flowers.
704
00:46:34,100 --> 00:46:39,300
With a sort of last thirst for life,
"Eva Braun tried"...
705
00:46:39,620 --> 00:46:41,620
..."to organize one final party".
706
00:46:41,780 --> 00:46:45,060
She took the people
"who were still there"...
707
00:46:45,220 --> 00:46:47,940
..."back up to her old living quarters"...
708
00:46:48,100 --> 00:46:52,620
..."and played one single record called,"''Red Roses Tell You of Love. ''
709
00:46:52,820 --> 00:46:56,180
There was dancing and champagne...
710
00:46:56,340 --> 00:47:00,540
...and she was almost
hysterically cheerful.
711
00:47:00,700 --> 00:47:06,140
But there was a forced,
desperate atmosphere...
712
00:47:06,300 --> 00:47:08,460
...and it was eerie.
713
00:47:08,660 --> 00:47:12,060
The Russian rocket launchers
provided an accompaniment.
714
00:47:12,260 --> 00:47:16,740
l was there for a while, but then l left.
715
00:47:16,940 --> 00:47:20,140
l was in a very miserable mood.
716
00:47:20,340 --> 00:47:24,340
Then l went down to the bunker,
where l had sleeping quarters...
717
00:47:24,740 --> 00:47:27,380
...and l tried to get some sleep.
718
00:47:28,620 --> 00:47:32,020
The following day,
which was the 22 of April...
719
00:47:34,020 --> 00:47:37,580
...Hitler called a meeting
to discuss the situation.
720
00:47:37,740 --> 00:47:41,220
All the officers from the general staff
came along...
721
00:47:41,420 --> 00:47:44,300
...General Krebs, General Burgdorf...
722
00:47:44,620 --> 00:47:47,700
...and all the adjutants.
723
00:47:50,380 --> 00:47:51,980
All of a sudden...
724
00:47:53,340 --> 00:47:56,180
...he opened the door
of the conference room...
725
00:47:56,340 --> 00:47:59,340
...walked out into the anteroom,
to his study...
726
00:47:59,620 --> 00:48:01,180
...and sent for us.
727
00:48:01,820 --> 00:48:04,100
l mean the women
who were still there:
728
00:48:04,260 --> 00:48:06,260
Frau Christian and me...
729
00:48:13,260 --> 00:48:16,980
...and Eva Braun. And he said:
730
00:48:17,140 --> 00:48:20,660
''All is lost.
You must leave Berlin at once.''
731
00:48:21,380 --> 00:48:24,460
His face was like
a mask of stone.
732
00:48:24,820 --> 00:48:28,660
ln fact, it already looked as though
he were wearing a death mask.
733
00:48:29,660 --> 00:48:32,980
We stood there, completely stunned...
734
00:48:34,140 --> 00:48:36,620
...and then Eva Braun
walked up to him...
735
00:48:36,820 --> 00:48:38,940
...took both his hands in hers
and said:
736
00:48:39,100 --> 00:48:43,100
''But you must know l'll stay with you.
l shall never leave you.''
737
00:48:43,300 --> 00:48:46,260
And then he leaned forwards...
738
00:48:46,460 --> 00:48:50,100
...and for the first time
that anyone had ever seen...
739
00:48:50,300 --> 00:48:52,300
...he kissed her on the lips.
740
00:48:54,020 --> 00:48:57,980
Then Frau Christian and l both said:
741
00:48:58,180 --> 00:48:59,820
''l'm staying here.''
742
00:49:00,540 --> 00:49:02,420
l don't know why l said it.
743
00:49:02,580 --> 00:49:05,580
l suppose l couldn't imagine
where else to go.
744
00:49:05,740 --> 00:49:08,220
And l felt quite anxious, in a way.
745
00:49:08,660 --> 00:49:11,740
l was scared of leaving that
secure environment.
746
00:49:11,900 --> 00:49:15,820
Maybe l didn't really believe
it was so serious, as well.
747
00:49:16,140 --> 00:49:19,020
Then he said,
''l shall shoot myself.''
748
00:49:21,060 --> 00:49:22,540
And he added:
749
00:49:22,700 --> 00:49:25,780
''l only wish my generals
had as much courage as you.''
750
00:49:26,180 --> 00:49:28,060
Then we left the room...
751
00:49:28,220 --> 00:49:31,420
...and everyone from the meeting
was standing there.
752
00:49:31,580 --> 00:49:35,620
Their faces were either red
or as white as corpses.
753
00:49:35,780 --> 00:49:37,500
And they stood completely still.
754
00:49:37,980 --> 00:49:40,700
l don't remember what l did
after that.
755
00:49:40,860 --> 00:49:44,180
The whole situation had somehow...
756
00:49:44,460 --> 00:49:47,060
...left me in a state of shock.
757
00:49:52,740 --> 00:49:56,260
But life went on,
at least for a while.
758
00:49:56,780 --> 00:50:00,100
Hitler insisted there was
no way of saving the situation...
759
00:50:00,260 --> 00:50:02,620
...although the generals
kept on trying...
760
00:50:02,780 --> 00:50:06,260
...to persuade him
there were some possibilities.
761
00:50:06,620 --> 00:50:10,140
But after the 22 of April...
762
00:50:10,300 --> 00:50:12,540
...there was one disaster
after another.
763
00:50:12,700 --> 00:50:16,860
Then all personnel who could
be spared left and headed south.
764
00:50:18,780 --> 00:50:22,460
Hitler's chief adjutant,
a man called Schau...
765
00:50:22,660 --> 00:50:25,940
...was an old warrior from
the early days, a loyal follower...
766
00:50:26,260 --> 00:50:29,020
...and he had to pack...
767
00:50:29,180 --> 00:50:34,020
...all the private documents
and papers in a box.
768
00:50:34,180 --> 00:50:36,780
He burnt some of them
in front of the bunker...
769
00:50:36,980 --> 00:50:41,140
...and he put the others
in the last plane to leave.
770
00:50:41,980 --> 00:50:44,100
Then he had to get away himself.
771
00:50:44,260 --> 00:50:49,300
He had to set off for Munich,
so he could do the same thing there.
772
00:50:49,620 --> 00:50:53,540
Sort through all the files
and documents...
773
00:50:53,700 --> 00:50:55,020
...and destroy some of them.
774
00:51:03,660 --> 00:51:08,940
...and those of us who were left started
to lead a sort of shadowy existence.
775
00:51:09,820 --> 00:51:12,540
We lost track of whether
it was day or night.
776
00:51:12,700 --> 00:51:15,940
We would have meals without
knowing what we were eating.
777
00:51:16,100 --> 00:51:19,260
We still tried to conduct
conversations...
778
00:51:19,580 --> 00:51:23,580
...but from that point on,
most of the talk was really about...
779
00:51:24,140 --> 00:51:27,620
...the best, most certain
and most painless way...
780
00:51:27,820 --> 00:51:30,060
...to put an end to our lives.
781
00:51:32,300 --> 00:51:37,100
Naturally we said to Hitler,
''Why don't you try to get away?''
782
00:51:37,300 --> 00:51:40,660
His reply was, ''l do not wish
to fall into enemy hands alive.''
783
00:51:40,820 --> 00:51:43,740
So we said, ''Why do you insist
on killing yourself?''
784
00:51:43,900 --> 00:51:46,660
He said, ''l do not want the enemy
to take me alive.
785
00:51:46,820 --> 00:51:49,660
l have no strength to fight
at the head of my troops...
786
00:51:49,820 --> 00:51:53,780
...and none of my loyal followers
will shoot me when l ask them to.
787
00:51:53,980 --> 00:51:55,940
So l shall have to do it myself.''
788
00:51:56,660 --> 00:52:02,260
At that point he obtained some
poison capsules from Himmler.
789
00:52:03,420 --> 00:52:05,940
We asked for some too.
790
00:52:06,300 --> 00:52:10,660
The stories about
what the Russian troops...
791
00:52:10,820 --> 00:52:14,740
...did to the women when they
occupied German towns...
792
00:52:14,900 --> 00:52:17,380
...were so terrible and frightening...
793
00:52:17,700 --> 00:52:20,380
...that we also asked...
794
00:52:20,780 --> 00:52:23,980
...if we could have cyanide capsules
for use in an emergency.
795
00:52:24,420 --> 00:52:27,580
He gave us some tablets,
and as he did so, he said:
796
00:52:27,780 --> 00:52:31,180
''l would have preferred to give you
a nicer farewell gift.''
797
00:52:32,180 --> 00:52:35,620
We were also allowed
to learn to shoot.
798
00:52:36,940 --> 00:52:41,140
Although for some time we
had been shooting at targets...
799
00:52:41,300 --> 00:52:43,700
...in the grounds of the chancellery.
800
00:52:43,860 --> 00:52:46,740
We had requested this before,
back in East Prussia...
801
00:52:46,900 --> 00:52:49,900
...but he had refused.
Now he granted our request.
802
00:52:50,100 --> 00:52:51,980
Eva Braun joined in.
803
00:52:53,940 --> 00:52:59,860
A couple of days later, it must
have been about the 24 of April...
804
00:53:00,420 --> 00:53:04,380
...Goebbels happened to see me
in the corridor, and he said:
805
00:53:10,220 --> 00:53:14,060
See to it that the children
are given somewhere to sleep.''
806
00:53:15,500 --> 00:53:18,740
l passed the message on
to the household steward...
807
00:53:22,220 --> 00:53:25,020
...and a room was provided
for the children.
808
00:53:25,180 --> 00:53:28,980
There were bunk beds for the children,
all set up.
809
00:53:29,140 --> 00:53:32,940
Not long afterwards Frau Goebbels
came along with the six children.
810
00:53:33,100 --> 00:53:35,620
The children were in a good mood
and happy...
811
00:53:35,820 --> 00:53:37,940
...that they could be with Uncle Hitler.
812
00:53:38,100 --> 00:53:41,220
l suppose someone said,
''We'll be safer in here.''
813
00:53:42,100 --> 00:53:45,860
l don't think they had begun
to suspect...
814
00:53:46,060 --> 00:53:50,060
...that it was going to be a very,
very bad time all around.
815
00:53:53,940 --> 00:53:56,180
Naturally all through this period...
816
00:53:56,340 --> 00:53:59,660
...there was a terribly tense
atmosphere everywhere.
817
00:53:59,820 --> 00:54:04,740
What was going to happen in this
last round of attack and defense?
818
00:54:04,900 --> 00:54:06,900
Reports would come from the front...
819
00:54:07,060 --> 00:54:11,140
...but without providing any real news.
There were always crisis meetings...
820
00:54:11,300 --> 00:54:13,700
...that broke up without any hope.
821
00:54:13,860 --> 00:54:16,420
There were no more attacks...
822
00:54:16,700 --> 00:54:18,700
...and there was no more defense.
823
00:54:19,020 --> 00:54:23,700
Because Hitler had given up
all hope...
824
00:54:23,900 --> 00:54:26,900
...and he had withdrawn,
withdrawn into himself.
825
00:54:27,100 --> 00:54:30,260
He became completely numb
and apathetic...
826
00:54:30,420 --> 00:54:33,820
...and he would just sit in the corridor
with one of the puppies.
827
00:54:33,980 --> 00:54:36,900
Blondie had had puppies by then.
828
00:54:37,060 --> 00:54:40,020
They lived in a small room
in the bunker...
829
00:54:40,220 --> 00:54:41,980
...a washroom.
830
00:54:42,140 --> 00:54:46,340
He would sit there with a puppy
in his lap, staring ahead blankly.
831
00:54:47,220 --> 00:54:49,700
We didn't know
what he was waiting for...
832
00:54:49,860 --> 00:54:52,700
...but the officers kept on trying....
833
00:54:52,900 --> 00:54:56,220
Suddenly they came along with
a suggestion that General Wenck...
834
00:54:56,380 --> 00:55:00,420
...who was heading west
with his army at the time...
835
00:55:00,740 --> 00:55:02,100
...could turn back...
836
00:55:02,260 --> 00:55:07,140
...and meet up with General Steiner
coming down from the north.
837
00:55:07,300 --> 00:55:10,460
Then it should be possible
to save Berlin.
838
00:55:11,060 --> 00:55:14,140
That gave Hitler a new lease of life.
839
00:55:14,300 --> 00:55:17,100
He started to show an interest
in the situation again...
840
00:55:17,260 --> 00:55:21,060
...there were more meetings,
and we would sit around.
841
00:55:21,260 --> 00:55:23,740
By now we didn't know
if it was day or night.
842
00:55:23,900 --> 00:55:26,260
There were no more
regular mealtimes.
843
00:55:29,220 --> 00:55:33,820
Nothing was done with
any ceremony anymore.
844
00:55:34,180 --> 00:55:37,380
People even started smoking
in Hitler's presence.
845
00:55:39,540 --> 00:55:42,940
There were still conversations
around the dinner table.
846
00:55:43,220 --> 00:55:45,620
And still tea in the evening.
847
00:55:45,820 --> 00:55:49,180
Though Hitler was
very apathetic then...
848
00:55:49,460 --> 00:55:51,220
...and the mood was very subdued...
849
00:55:51,500 --> 00:55:54,020
...which was naturally to be expected.
850
00:55:54,220 --> 00:55:57,660
And there were also a few attempts...
851
00:55:58,300 --> 00:56:03,100
...at a kind of gallows humor like,
''Chin up while you've still got one!''
852
00:56:04,100 --> 00:56:06,860
lt was an awful time.
853
00:56:07,020 --> 00:56:09,980
We all acted somehow as if we were...
854
00:56:10,180 --> 00:56:11,940
...automatons, without....
855
00:56:12,140 --> 00:56:15,180
l simply can't remember
any genuine feelings at all.
856
00:56:15,500 --> 00:56:18,020
lt was like drifting...
857
00:56:18,220 --> 00:56:21,660
...and not really being yourself at all.
858
00:56:24,620 --> 00:56:28,060
You have to imagine
what the situation was like.
859
00:56:28,260 --> 00:56:30,020
The deafening roar...
860
00:56:30,180 --> 00:56:33,620
...of artillery and air raids...
861
00:56:33,820 --> 00:56:36,780
...the completely ghostly atmosphere...
862
00:56:36,940 --> 00:56:39,660
...against a background
of constant noise.
863
00:56:39,820 --> 00:56:41,500
But despite everything...
864
00:56:41,660 --> 00:56:44,660
...sometimes when there was a break
in the shelling...
865
00:56:45,180 --> 00:56:49,740
...and it was quiet up top,
l'd go outside with...
866
00:56:49,900 --> 00:56:53,540
...Eva Braun and Frau Christian,
into the grounds.
867
00:56:54,100 --> 00:56:56,660
And it was spring up there!
868
00:56:56,820 --> 00:57:00,020
The narcissuses were in bloom,
there were buds on the trees...
869
00:57:00,220 --> 00:57:04,780
...the sun was shining, and somehow
that raised our hopes again...
870
00:57:04,940 --> 00:57:08,300
...made us feel alive again...
871
00:57:08,580 --> 00:57:12,260
...because nature had not come
to a standstill.
872
00:57:12,540 --> 00:57:17,500
Afterwards we would go back down
into the bunker feeling quite refreshed.
873
00:57:17,700 --> 00:57:20,100
And everyone
would be sitting around...
874
00:57:20,260 --> 00:57:22,340
...hopeless and full of despair.
875
00:57:22,620 --> 00:57:24,900
Eva Braun was with us
the last time...
876
00:57:25,060 --> 00:57:28,700
...we went up to the grounds
for a walk...
877
00:57:28,860 --> 00:57:32,940
...and in the grounds of the next
building, the Foreign Ministry...
878
00:57:33,100 --> 00:57:38,700
...she saw a very beautiful statue
of a nymph beside a fountain.
879
00:57:38,940 --> 00:57:42,140
She was so impressed that
she went back into the bunker...
880
00:57:46,820 --> 00:57:50,580
...and if you win the war,
l'd like you to buy it for me.''
881
00:57:50,740 --> 00:57:52,740
And then he said:
882
00:57:52,900 --> 00:57:56,300
''But l don't know who it belongs to.
lt's state property.
883
00:57:56,580 --> 00:58:00,060
l can't just buy it and put it
in your private garden.''
884
00:58:00,860 --> 00:58:04,220
lt's amazing, the things that went on.
Then she said:
885
00:58:04,380 --> 00:58:07,260
''But if you do manage
to triumph over the Russians...
886
00:58:07,420 --> 00:58:10,340
...you could make an exception
just this once.''
887
00:58:10,660 --> 00:58:15,020
And it was really bizarre, you see,
because conversations like that...
888
00:58:15,180 --> 00:58:18,740
...actually did take place, and then
afterwards we would go back...
889
00:58:18,940 --> 00:58:21,380
...to discussing the best way
to commit suicide.
890
00:58:21,700 --> 00:58:24,580
The surest way is to shoot yourself
in the mouth.
891
00:58:24,780 --> 00:58:27,220
lf you shoot yourself in the head...
892
00:58:27,380 --> 00:58:29,980
...you might end up like
General Stiegler in Paris...
893
00:58:30,180 --> 00:58:34,660
...who shot himself in the head after
the attack and only blinded himself.
894
00:58:34,820 --> 00:58:38,100
And Eva said,
''l want to be a beautiful corpse...
895
00:58:38,260 --> 00:58:39,780
...so l'll take the poison.''
896
00:58:41,980 --> 00:58:46,860
That paradoxical roller coaster
of emotions left you...
897
00:58:47,300 --> 00:58:51,060
...feeling completely drained inside...
898
00:58:51,220 --> 00:58:52,380
...and quite numb.
899
00:58:52,700 --> 00:58:55,700
Being in that situation,
as l remember it...
900
00:58:55,860 --> 00:58:58,700
...was like being in a trance
or a state of shock...
901
00:58:58,860 --> 00:59:00,820
...where you function automatically...
902
00:59:00,980 --> 00:59:05,140
...without analyzing your emotions
or even really feeling them.
903
00:59:06,420 --> 00:59:09,940
And some of the situations that arose
were so weird.
904
00:59:11,260 --> 00:59:14,420
Suddenly there was a rumor
that Himmler...
905
00:59:15,300 --> 00:59:21,260
...had been holding peace
negotiations with Count Bernadotte.
906
00:59:22,300 --> 00:59:25,820
Then Hitler became incredibly
worked up and suspicious...
907
00:59:25,980 --> 00:59:30,700
...because he thought one of
the liaison officers with Himmler...
908
00:59:30,860 --> 00:59:34,780
...General Fegelein or an SS doctor
called Stumpfegger...
909
00:59:34,980 --> 00:59:38,260
...might be involved in a conspiracy
with Himmler...
910
00:59:38,420 --> 00:59:40,980
...to bring him out of
the bunker alive.
911
00:59:41,140 --> 00:59:43,300
He even turned Dr. Morell away...
912
00:59:43,460 --> 00:59:47,220
...when he came to give him
his usual injections:
913
00:59:48,260 --> 00:59:51,260
''Get out of my room
and leave this place at once!''
914
00:59:51,460 --> 00:59:53,420
He was afraid...
915
00:59:53,740 --> 00:59:56,860
...that someone might
have been bribed...
916
00:59:57,700 --> 01:00:00,980
...to make an attempt to get him
out of Berlin alive.
917
01:00:01,740 --> 01:00:05,940
He had told everyone he wouldn't go,
but they had all tried to persuade him.
918
01:00:07,340 --> 01:00:11,180
Then Eva Braun, who suddenly
developed a loyalty complex, said:
919
01:00:11,380 --> 01:00:14,740
''And where's Speer?
Speer's your friend, isn't he?
920
01:00:14,900 --> 01:00:18,020
He should be at your side
during this difficult time.''
921
01:00:18,220 --> 01:00:20,180
And he said, ''Listen, my child...
922
01:00:20,380 --> 01:00:25,020
...Speer has important things
to do outside.
923
01:00:25,180 --> 01:00:29,860
His place is where he has work to do,
not in here with me.''
924
01:00:31,060 --> 01:00:34,940
And she replied, ''But he is your friend,
so he's bound to come.''
925
01:00:35,140 --> 01:00:37,340
ln fact, Speer actually did come.
926
01:00:37,540 --> 01:00:39,020
Yes, Speer came...
927
01:00:39,820 --> 01:00:43,260
...and had a long talk with Hitler.
928
01:00:45,180 --> 01:00:50,140
l don't know what they discussed.
Hitler didn't say anything about it.
929
01:00:50,460 --> 01:00:54,820
But Speer couldn't persuade him
either...
930
01:00:54,980 --> 01:00:57,060
...and l don't even think he tried.
931
01:00:57,260 --> 01:01:00,900
l almost think that
at that moment...
932
01:01:01,220 --> 01:01:04,980
...Speer had decided not to carry out
the scorched earth policy.
933
01:01:06,460 --> 01:01:09,500
Afterwards it was said...
934
01:01:09,780 --> 01:01:13,020
...that he somehow tried to gas
everyone in the bunker...
935
01:01:13,180 --> 01:01:16,260
...with gas in the air shaft.
936
01:01:16,980 --> 01:01:21,340
But l'm not sure if that is true
or if he intended to do it.
937
01:01:21,820 --> 01:01:26,940
And then there was another
startling turn of events.
938
01:01:31,460 --> 01:01:33,260
...and he was at the Berghof.
939
01:01:37,900 --> 01:01:43,140
...since you have no more scope
for action or decisions in Berlin...
940
01:01:43,340 --> 01:01:46,860
...l shall consider myself appointed
your successor...
941
01:01:47,020 --> 01:01:50,860
...if l hear nothing from you by 2200.''
942
01:01:51,900 --> 01:01:56,220
This telegram had been received
by Martin Bormann...
943
01:01:56,380 --> 01:02:00,900
...who still controlled the information
that reached Hitler.
944
01:02:01,060 --> 01:02:05,620
Nothing ever landed on Hitler's desk
without Bormann seeing it first.
945
01:02:06,220 --> 01:02:09,140
Bormann had handed the telegram
to Hitler...
946
01:02:09,300 --> 01:02:14,020
...and presumably offered
his interpretation.
947
01:02:14,180 --> 01:02:19,100
ln any case,
Hitler regarded it as high treason...
948
01:02:19,260 --> 01:02:22,140
...and no doubt Bormann reinforced
that view.
949
01:02:29,100 --> 01:02:32,300
This act of betrayal made him much,
much more suspicious.
950
01:02:32,620 --> 01:02:34,740
He even ordered...
951
01:02:35,380 --> 01:02:39,020
...his brother-in-law, Fegelein,
to be shot.
952
01:02:39,940 --> 01:02:44,980
Although he had released Fegelein
from his duties on the 22 of April:
953
01:02:45,140 --> 01:02:47,180
''You may leave if you wish.''
954
01:02:47,340 --> 01:02:50,780
The people who had stayed behind
had declared...
955
01:02:50,980 --> 01:02:54,660
...that it was their choice,
but one day Fegelein vanished.
956
01:02:54,820 --> 01:02:57,900
Fegelein wasn't just liaison officer
with Himmler...
957
01:02:58,060 --> 01:03:00,180
...but also Eva Braun's brother-in-law.
958
01:03:00,380 --> 01:03:03,100
He had married Eva's sister, Gretel.
959
01:03:03,260 --> 01:03:07,100
And Gretel was expecting a baby.
She was in Munich.
960
01:03:07,420 --> 01:03:10,940
Fegelein suddenly went missing.
961
01:03:11,100 --> 01:03:14,180
Suddenly he wasn't to be found
in the bunker.
962
01:03:14,940 --> 01:03:18,660
Hitler wanted to see him,
but he couldn't be found.
963
01:03:19,700 --> 01:03:22,220
Then Eva managed to contact him
in his apartment...
964
01:03:22,380 --> 01:03:25,260
...and he said to her,
''l'm begging you...
965
01:03:25,420 --> 01:03:29,340
...come to Munich with me.
You'll die if you don't get away!''
966
01:03:29,900 --> 01:03:33,140
And Eva replied,
''Hermann, you know l'll never leave.
967
01:03:37,460 --> 01:03:40,060
Fegelein didn't turn up...
968
01:03:40,260 --> 01:03:44,220
...so someone was sent to fetch him,
and he was completely drunk.
969
01:03:44,700 --> 01:03:47,340
Then Hitler had him shot.
970
01:03:50,740 --> 01:03:54,220
Eva shed many tears about that...
971
01:03:54,380 --> 01:03:56,260
...but she did accept it.
972
01:03:56,420 --> 01:04:00,060
lt was one more betrayal
at a time...
973
01:04:00,220 --> 01:04:04,340
...when there was no hope left, a time
when Hitler wanted to kill himself.
974
01:04:07,340 --> 01:04:09,740
l could hardly comprehend
what was going on...
975
01:04:09,900 --> 01:04:12,500
...because it was all so ambiguous.
976
01:04:15,780 --> 01:04:20,460
And then, on 26 of April...
977
01:04:21,220 --> 01:04:23,860
...when everything was in flames
around us...
978
01:04:24,060 --> 01:04:25,900
...with smoke billowing around...
979
01:04:26,060 --> 01:04:28,700
...and there were bomb craters
everywhere...
980
01:04:28,860 --> 01:04:30,740
...on the main road in front...
981
01:04:30,900 --> 01:04:33,740
...of the Brandenburg Gate,
a Storch light plane landed.
982
01:04:33,900 --> 01:04:38,380
lt was Hanna Reitsch, the aviator,
and General von Greim.
983
01:04:38,820 --> 01:04:41,540
He was wounded.
Enemy fighters had attacked them...
984
01:04:41,820 --> 01:04:45,140
...and Greim had a bullet in his leg.
985
01:04:46,060 --> 01:04:49,860
Dr. Stumpfegger tended his wound...
986
01:04:50,060 --> 01:04:54,140
...and Hanna Reitsch beamed
as she approached...
987
01:05:03,100 --> 01:05:05,860
...with such willingness to die for him.
988
01:05:06,180 --> 01:05:11,140
She wasn't passive, like Eva Braun.
She was a fighter.
989
01:05:12,020 --> 01:05:16,420
Then she sang some lullabies
with the Goebbels' children.
990
01:05:22,940 --> 01:05:27,820
...so Hanna Reitsch was ready
to make-- What should l say...
991
01:05:28,300 --> 01:05:32,100
...a rallying call when
she flew out of Berlin again.
992
01:05:32,260 --> 01:05:34,420
And she got away safely.
993
01:05:34,580 --> 01:05:39,300
But it was a macabre incident
at the time.
994
01:05:42,980 --> 01:05:47,180
Suddenly someone from
the outside world burst into...
995
01:05:47,380 --> 01:05:50,100
...that trap we were in,
and then flew off again...
996
01:05:50,260 --> 01:05:53,060
...spreading a message of hope.
997
01:05:53,260 --> 01:05:54,940
We were left behind...
998
01:05:55,100 --> 01:05:58,820
...and it was only three more days
to the bitter end.
999
01:06:03,980 --> 01:06:08,220
l don't really know how we carried on,
it was a shadowy existence.
1000
01:06:08,380 --> 01:06:13,340
We kept on handing round cups
of tea and sitting there...
1001
01:06:13,540 --> 01:06:17,140
...still hoping for something,
still waiting.
1002
01:06:17,340 --> 01:06:21,820
But the counterattack with Wenck
and Steiner never came off.
1003
01:06:23,500 --> 01:06:26,460
Other things did happen, though.
1004
01:06:26,620 --> 01:06:30,620
A girl who worked in the kitchen
got married.
1005
01:06:31,180 --> 01:06:35,140
They fetched a registrar to the bunker.
1006
01:06:37,500 --> 01:06:41,900
Then someone brought the bride's
parents in from the bombed city.
1007
01:06:42,140 --> 01:06:45,460
They got married,
and then there was a party.
1008
01:06:45,620 --> 01:06:50,620
With the thunder of the artillery
and shells bursting all around.
1009
01:06:51,540 --> 01:06:53,540
l think people were even dancing.
1010
01:06:53,860 --> 01:06:55,420
Someone had an accordion.
1011
01:06:55,620 --> 01:06:58,420
lt really was a bizarre moment.
1012
01:06:59,220 --> 01:07:01,460
And then Hitler...
1013
01:07:04,340 --> 01:07:08,900
...decided to poison his dog.
1014
01:07:09,700 --> 01:07:12,620
After Fegelein was executed...
1015
01:07:12,940 --> 01:07:17,140
...and Himmler's treason became
known, Hitler no longer trusted...
1016
01:07:17,300 --> 01:07:19,500
...the cyanide Himmler had given him.
1017
01:07:19,660 --> 01:07:23,940
He wanted to test it on his dog
to make sure it worked.
1018
01:07:24,660 --> 01:07:28,420
So then poor Blondie was poisoned.
1019
01:07:28,620 --> 01:07:30,340
The poison worked very well.
1020
01:07:30,500 --> 01:07:35,500
lt left that smell of bitter almonds
in the bunker...
1021
01:07:35,660 --> 01:07:37,500
...which was terrible.
1022
01:07:38,460 --> 01:07:42,100
l remember thinking,
''That is the worst thing of all...
1023
01:07:42,300 --> 01:07:44,260
...dying down here in the bunker.''
1024
01:07:45,740 --> 01:07:47,940
But that was only part of my feeling...
1025
01:07:48,140 --> 01:07:52,620
...because l also felt there might
just be some way out.
1026
01:07:59,380 --> 01:08:02,500
l was sitting outside the bunker
one other time...
1027
01:08:02,660 --> 01:08:05,740
...with Eva Braun, in the open air...
1028
01:08:06,060 --> 01:08:09,100
...and at one very silent moment
she said:
1029
01:08:09,260 --> 01:08:11,660
''Go on, give me a cigarette too.''
1030
01:08:11,980 --> 01:08:14,500
And then she said,
''l shall be weeping this evening.''
1031
01:08:14,700 --> 01:08:17,340
And l said, ''What do you mean?
Has the time come?''
1032
01:08:17,540 --> 01:08:19,500
''No, no,'' she said, ''not that.''
1033
01:08:19,700 --> 01:08:24,100
And that evening,
it was the 28 of April.
1034
01:08:25,340 --> 01:08:27,220
That evening...
1035
01:08:28,580 --> 01:08:32,260
...was when Hitler....
1036
01:08:33,100 --> 01:08:34,380
How did it happen?
1037
01:08:36,820 --> 01:08:40,700
Yes, Hitler married Eva Braun.
1038
01:08:42,140 --> 01:08:45,020
A registrar was fetched again...
1039
01:08:45,180 --> 01:08:47,260
...and the two of them were married...
1040
01:08:47,460 --> 01:08:51,700
...to the thunder
of the Russian artillery.
1041
01:08:52,340 --> 01:08:56,820
When she signed her name
Eva started writing a B, and then...
1042
01:08:56,980 --> 01:08:59,020
...she changed it to an H.
1043
01:08:59,180 --> 01:09:05,180
So she emerged from that inferno
as Frau Hitler...
1044
01:09:05,380 --> 01:09:09,020
...and walked past the staff,
who were lined up...
1045
01:09:09,380 --> 01:09:13,380
...saying to them,
''You may now call me Frau Hitler.''
1046
01:09:18,940 --> 01:09:24,220
Then they all went into the room
were Hitler took tea in the evenings.
1047
01:09:24,380 --> 01:09:26,860
l was going to follow them.
1048
01:09:27,060 --> 01:09:29,740
But he said,
''My child, have you rested a little?''
1049
01:09:29,940 --> 01:09:31,140
l said, ''Yes.''
1050
01:09:31,340 --> 01:09:33,500
And he said,
''Please come into the next room...
1051
01:09:33,780 --> 01:09:35,740
...l have some dictation for you.''
1052
01:09:37,220 --> 01:09:40,420
And l thought to myself,
''What does he want to dictate now?''
1053
01:09:40,980 --> 01:09:44,900
l went into the room,
which was very bare...
1054
01:09:45,460 --> 01:09:47,940
...with just one big table...
1055
01:09:48,100 --> 01:09:51,340
...a bench against the wall
and a few armchairs.
1056
01:09:51,900 --> 01:09:55,740
And he said,
''Fetch a shorthand pad.''
1057
01:09:55,900 --> 01:09:57,060
That was the first time.
1058
01:09:57,260 --> 01:10:00,780
l had never in my life
taken shorthand from him.
1059
01:10:00,940 --> 01:10:04,900
l didn't have a pad with me,
so l had to go and find one.
1060
01:10:05,220 --> 01:10:08,180
l sat down, and he started speaking.
1061
01:10:09,500 --> 01:10:12,540
Leaning forward at the desk,
resting on his hands...
1062
01:10:12,860 --> 01:10:16,980
...and with a blank expression,
gazing into the distance.
1063
01:10:17,220 --> 01:10:20,220
He said, ''My political testament.''
1064
01:10:21,460 --> 01:10:23,460
And l thought to myself:
1065
01:10:24,540 --> 01:10:27,300
''Now l'm going to find out
what really happened.
1066
01:10:27,500 --> 01:10:30,300
Now l'm going to find out
why the war is lost.
1067
01:10:30,500 --> 01:10:33,420
He's going to make excuses
and provide justifications.
1068
01:10:33,580 --> 01:10:35,820
Now he's going to explain everything.''
1069
01:10:36,420 --> 01:10:40,500
Then he started speaking,
and all of a sudden...
1070
01:10:40,860 --> 01:10:43,940
...it was all the old phrases,
''The Jews are to blame.''
1071
01:10:44,140 --> 01:10:47,340
And, ''The struggle was necessary...
1072
01:10:47,500 --> 01:10:51,220
...in order to prevent a worse fate
and save the world.''
1073
01:10:51,420 --> 01:10:55,340
And, ''The German people were not
ready for their mission...
1074
01:10:55,500 --> 01:10:59,300
...so they must perish.''
And, ''National Socialism will die...
1075
01:10:59,500 --> 01:11:01,020
...and nevermore rise again.''
1076
01:11:01,180 --> 01:11:04,540
But he also named a government
to succeed him.
1077
01:11:04,860 --> 01:11:07,980
Even while l was writing l thought
l hadn't heard properly.
1078
01:11:08,140 --> 01:11:13,900
lt was so incredible,
it made no sense at all.
1079
01:11:14,260 --> 01:11:16,820
l finished writing that text.
1080
01:11:16,980 --> 01:11:20,540
And then he made
his private testament.
1081
01:11:23,100 --> 01:11:28,900
lf we were going to lose the war,
and the enemy was...
1082
01:11:29,060 --> 01:11:31,420
...going to treat us the way
he always predicted...
1083
01:11:31,660 --> 01:11:35,220
...then there would be no point
writing either of those documents.
1084
01:11:35,980 --> 01:11:39,140
But he dictated them,
he remembered his housekeeper.
1085
01:11:39,340 --> 01:11:41,300
He disposed of his pictures...
1086
01:11:41,460 --> 01:11:46,660
...he settled a few more details,
and then he said:
1087
01:11:46,980 --> 01:11:51,140
''Type up three copies as
quickly as possible, my child.''
1088
01:11:51,340 --> 01:11:55,580
So l went into a room...
1089
01:11:56,900 --> 01:12:00,940
...which was a sort of office that
the telephone operator also used.
1090
01:12:01,100 --> 01:12:03,620
l brought my typewriter,
and l started...
1091
01:12:03,900 --> 01:12:05,900
...typing up my shorthand notes.
1092
01:12:06,100 --> 01:12:09,020
l made far fewer mistakes than usual.
l don't know why.
1093
01:12:09,180 --> 01:12:10,980
l was typing so mechanically.
1094
01:12:11,140 --> 01:12:14,020
Normally l very often made
typing mistakes...
1095
01:12:14,180 --> 01:12:18,380
...but this time l think there were
only two little mistakes.
1096
01:12:19,180 --> 01:12:22,060
You must remember there
was no Tippex in those days...
1097
01:12:22,220 --> 01:12:25,540
...and no correction key,
so you had to rub out any mistakes.
1098
01:12:26,220 --> 01:12:28,900
With copies you had to
put something in between...
1099
01:12:29,060 --> 01:12:30,420
...so it didn't go through.
1100
01:12:30,580 --> 01:12:32,300
l wrote it up...
1101
01:12:32,460 --> 01:12:36,180
...and l was able read it properly.
He kept on coming over.
1102
01:12:36,340 --> 01:12:41,460
By now everyone was sitting
in Hitler's little living room...
1103
01:12:41,660 --> 01:12:44,500
...and celebrating the wedding.
1104
01:12:44,660 --> 01:12:46,940
They toasted with champagne.
1105
01:12:47,340 --> 01:12:51,060
l wasn't there,
but it must have been macabre.
1106
01:12:51,220 --> 01:12:54,300
There was just Goebbels, Bormann...
1107
01:12:54,460 --> 01:12:56,380
...one of the adjutants who were left...
1108
01:12:56,580 --> 01:13:00,500
...Frau Christian...
1109
01:13:00,660 --> 01:13:03,380
...and of course Frau Goebbels.
1110
01:13:04,220 --> 01:13:07,660
Hitler kept coming over and asking,
''Have you finished yet?''
1111
01:13:07,820 --> 01:13:09,980
l was working as fast as l could.
1112
01:13:10,140 --> 01:13:11,940
Then Goebbels came in.
1113
01:13:16,100 --> 01:13:19,780
His face was almost covered
with tears...
1114
01:13:19,940 --> 01:13:23,100
...with a completely bleak,
defeated expression...
1115
01:13:26,820 --> 01:13:27,820
...to leave Berlin.
1116
01:13:27,980 --> 01:13:30,300
But l can't do it,
l am the governor of Berlin...
1117
01:13:30,580 --> 01:13:33,300
...my place is in Berlin,
and at his side.''
1118
01:13:33,740 --> 01:13:37,220
Then he dictated an appendix
to the testament...
1119
01:13:37,780 --> 01:13:41,780
...stressing that he was
in a horrible situation...
1120
01:13:41,980 --> 01:13:44,780
...because he could not obey
Hitler's last order...
1121
01:13:44,940 --> 01:13:49,900
...acknowledging that he would be
described as disloyal, but insisting...
1122
01:13:50,060 --> 01:13:51,620
...he couldn't act any other way.
1123
01:13:51,780 --> 01:13:54,900
He said his place was there,
and he would put an end to his life.
1124
01:13:55,060 --> 01:13:57,700
But first, l must tell you this.
1125
01:13:57,860 --> 01:14:02,940
First Goebbels told
the people of Berlin...
1126
01:14:05,620 --> 01:14:07,860
...and would take charge
of defending the city.
1127
01:14:08,020 --> 01:14:11,180
Because it was always the way,
wherever Hitler was...
1128
01:14:11,340 --> 01:14:14,660
...the defenses held,
and defeat was impossible.
1129
01:14:19,380 --> 01:14:22,220
That was one of the many big lies.
1130
01:14:23,260 --> 01:14:26,820
Well, l wrote all that,
and then it was taken away.
1131
01:14:26,980 --> 01:14:31,340
The three copies were to be sent
by three couriers:
1132
01:14:35,860 --> 01:14:39,060
...one to Schrammer...
1133
01:14:39,300 --> 01:14:41,580
...and l don't remember
about the third.
1134
01:14:41,780 --> 01:14:46,060
Anyway, the three copies of
the testament were sent on their way.
1135
01:14:46,260 --> 01:14:51,380
Then Hitler said as soon as he
received confirmation one arrived...
1136
01:14:51,700 --> 01:14:54,300
...it would be time for him
to make his farewell.
1137
01:14:54,780 --> 01:14:57,740
So we were left waiting again.
1138
01:14:58,860 --> 01:15:03,100
l destroyed the carbons and
the shorthand notes, of course.
1139
01:15:05,980 --> 01:15:09,220
l don't remember how
we got through that time.
1140
01:15:09,380 --> 01:15:12,780
There wasn't that much left,
but it was still two days...
1141
01:15:12,980 --> 01:15:14,220
...and two nights.
1142
01:15:18,420 --> 01:15:20,180
lt was a nightmare.
1143
01:15:22,140 --> 01:15:24,660
And the children
were still in the bunker...
1144
01:15:24,860 --> 01:15:27,980
...with Frau Goebbels wandering
around like a ghost...
1145
01:15:28,140 --> 01:15:29,820
...with the poison in her bag.
1146
01:15:29,980 --> 01:15:32,340
At least we only had our own
deaths to consider...
1147
01:15:32,660 --> 01:15:35,380
...but she went through that six times.
1148
01:15:35,780 --> 01:15:39,100
She couldn't talk to her children
anymore, either.
1149
01:15:39,860 --> 01:15:42,940
The children had been told,
''You will have to be vaccinated...
1150
01:15:43,140 --> 01:15:46,860
...because you're living so close
to Uncle Hitler...
1151
01:15:47,020 --> 01:15:50,180
...in the bunker, where there are
lots of people.''
1152
01:15:54,060 --> 01:15:57,900
The oldest, Helga,
was 1 0 years old...
1153
01:15:58,420 --> 01:16:01,060
...and she had such sad eyes.
1154
01:16:01,900 --> 01:16:04,700
She was so quiet that l felt...
1155
01:16:04,900 --> 01:16:07,460
...she somehow sensed
what was going on.
1156
01:16:07,740 --> 01:16:09,340
That was awful.
1157
01:16:13,820 --> 01:16:17,300
l simply don't remember
how we spent the last days.
1158
01:16:17,460 --> 01:16:20,740
l can only remember one day,
the 30 of April...
1159
01:16:23,020 --> 01:16:26,380
...at about lunchtime,
the children looked so lost.
1160
01:16:26,540 --> 01:16:29,740
l said, ''Didn't you have any lunch?''
''No, we're hungry.''
1161
01:16:29,900 --> 01:16:34,060
So l took them to a place
on the stairs...
1162
01:16:38,380 --> 01:16:40,460
...where there was a sort of platform...
1163
01:16:40,620 --> 01:16:43,060
...with a round table and a bench.
1164
01:16:43,340 --> 01:16:45,900
l made some lunch for the children.
1165
01:16:46,060 --> 01:16:48,460
Bread and butter with marmalade,
l think.
1166
01:16:48,620 --> 01:16:50,860
They really enjoyed it...
1167
01:16:51,060 --> 01:16:54,700
...and they started counting
the direct hits...
1168
01:16:54,860 --> 01:16:57,380
...because they felt so safe
down in the bunker.
1169
01:16:57,580 --> 01:17:01,140
They knew there was no danger
under 1 1 meters of concrete.
1170
01:17:04,460 --> 01:17:07,140
l'm sure l remember
there was a bang...
1171
01:17:07,460 --> 01:17:09,780
...and Helmut said,
''That was a direct hit!''
1172
01:17:09,940 --> 01:17:13,100
And it seems to me that
was the shot when Hitler--
1173
01:17:13,420 --> 01:17:19,540
Oh, l forgot, of course,
Hitler said goodbye first.
1174
01:17:20,060 --> 01:17:22,260
That was on the 30.
1175
01:17:22,420 --> 01:17:24,860
Suddenly Linge appeared and said:
1176
01:17:25,020 --> 01:17:27,620
''Frau Junge and Frau Christian!''
1177
01:17:27,820 --> 01:17:32,420
We went to the big corridor
outside Hitler's room...
1178
01:17:38,140 --> 01:17:41,020
l walked up to him
like a waxwork doll...
1179
01:17:41,180 --> 01:17:46,540
...and he was standing there
with a completely distant expression.
1180
01:17:48,020 --> 01:17:50,500
He had already departed
from this world.
1181
01:17:51,020 --> 01:17:53,820
He shook hands with me
and gazed ahead blankly...
1182
01:17:53,980 --> 01:17:56,980
...and then he said something
l couldn't make out.
1183
01:17:57,180 --> 01:18:00,220
So l never understood
the last words he spoke to me.
1184
01:18:00,820 --> 01:18:04,420
He turned round and shook hands
with Frau Christian...
1185
01:18:04,620 --> 01:18:06,020
...and Frau Manzialy.
1186
01:18:06,180 --> 01:18:08,900
Then Eva Braun
gave me a hug and said:
1187
01:18:09,620 --> 01:18:11,740
''Frau Junge, try to get back home...
1188
01:18:11,900 --> 01:18:13,860
...and say hello to Bavaria for me.''
1189
01:18:14,620 --> 01:18:19,700
l should also tell you
about Eva Braun's maid, Liesl.
1190
01:18:19,900 --> 01:18:22,180
She said to Frau Goebbels
again and again:
1191
01:18:22,500 --> 01:18:27,140
''l'll take the children with me
and try to get through!''
1192
01:18:27,700 --> 01:18:31,020
But Frau Goebbels just said,
''No, that's impossible.
1193
01:18:38,100 --> 01:18:40,980
ln a Germany,
without National Socialism...
1194
01:18:41,140 --> 01:18:43,180
...my children would have no chance.
1195
01:18:43,460 --> 01:18:46,260
l shall not expose them
to scorn and ridicule.''
1196
01:18:46,540 --> 01:18:48,700
You see, we didn't know...
1197
01:18:48,900 --> 01:18:51,220
...we simply couldn't imagine...
1198
01:18:51,540 --> 01:18:54,940
...what life outside would be like.
1199
01:18:55,660 --> 01:18:58,060
We had been so isolated
all that time...
1200
01:18:58,220 --> 01:19:02,940
...so cut off from real life,
from the war and everything else...
1201
01:19:03,180 --> 01:19:05,900
...and we had absolutely no idea...
1202
01:19:06,060 --> 01:19:08,540
...what would happen
after National Socialism.
1203
01:19:08,740 --> 01:19:12,220
Apart from the terrible visions
Hitler had portrayed...
1204
01:19:12,540 --> 01:19:15,020
...although they weren't at all clear.
1205
01:19:16,140 --> 01:19:18,660
All the men would be castrated...
1206
01:19:18,860 --> 01:19:23,780
...Germany would be completely
razed to the ground...
1207
01:19:23,940 --> 01:19:28,220
...reduced to a primitive state
without any industry...
1208
01:19:28,540 --> 01:19:30,620
...and all the women would be raped.
1209
01:19:30,940 --> 01:19:33,860
They were visions from Bosch.
1210
01:19:34,660 --> 01:19:38,820
l was unable to imagine
how life could continue.
1211
01:19:42,220 --> 01:19:45,100
So Liesl set off
without the children...
1212
01:19:45,860 --> 01:19:48,020
...and Hitler said his farewell.
1213
01:19:48,580 --> 01:19:52,020
l was sitting on the stairs
with the children...
1214
01:19:52,220 --> 01:19:55,620
...there was a bang,
and Helmut said:
1215
01:19:55,780 --> 01:19:58,100
''That was a direct hit!''
And l was convinced...
1216
01:19:58,300 --> 01:20:00,580
...that was the final shot.
1217
01:20:00,980 --> 01:20:04,580
l stayed where l was,
and after a while...
1218
01:20:11,140 --> 01:20:13,140
...as white as a sheet...
1219
01:20:18,900 --> 01:20:20,580
l have burnt his body.''
1220
01:20:26,900 --> 01:20:31,860
l didn't go down
to have a look for myself.
1221
01:20:33,900 --> 01:20:37,100
l went off somewhere
so l could be alone.
1222
01:20:39,180 --> 01:20:43,620
There's a gap in my memory
at this point.
1223
01:20:46,980 --> 01:20:49,020
Something was finally over.
1224
01:20:51,420 --> 01:20:55,220
lt's a black hole in my mind.
1225
01:20:56,180 --> 01:20:58,980
And the first thing l remember...
1226
01:21:00,100 --> 01:21:03,180
...is coming back to find the others...
1227
01:21:03,340 --> 01:21:07,420
...and they were all sitting around
in the big corridor...
1228
01:21:07,780 --> 01:21:09,620
...drinking and smoking.
1229
01:21:10,820 --> 01:21:13,620
There was Bormann,
General Burgdorf...
1230
01:21:13,980 --> 01:21:15,940
...Goebbels was still there...
1231
01:21:22,820 --> 01:21:27,140
You know,
l felt such hatred for Hitler...
1232
01:21:27,380 --> 01:21:30,140
...because he had abandoned us...
1233
01:21:30,300 --> 01:21:32,740
...a very personal hatred...
1234
01:21:33,380 --> 01:21:35,940
...because he had simply gone off...
1235
01:21:36,100 --> 01:21:39,100
...and left us stuck in that trap.
1236
01:21:39,260 --> 01:21:41,900
Suddenly the other people
hanging around...
1237
01:21:42,060 --> 01:21:46,900
...were like lifeless puppets when
the person pulling the strings lets go.
1238
01:21:47,100 --> 01:21:49,140
None of us had lives of our own.
1239
01:21:50,700 --> 01:21:54,860
We all had poison in our pockets,
but that was all.
1240
01:21:55,460 --> 01:22:00,420
l really had no idea
what my next step should be.
1241
01:22:04,460 --> 01:22:06,340
Now l must have a break.
1242
01:22:13,540 --> 01:22:17,620
After Hitler's death, Frau Junge
managed to escape from his bunker.
1243
01:22:17,780 --> 01:22:21,540
But her attempt to reach her mother
in southern Germany failed.
1244
01:22:21,740 --> 01:22:24,340
On June 9, 1945,
she was arrested by the Russians...
1245
01:22:24,500 --> 01:22:26,820
...and remained their prisoner
until December 1945.
1246
01:22:32,340 --> 01:22:34,940
With the help of an Armenian
who had served as interpreter...
1247
01:22:35,100 --> 01:22:37,180
...during her interrogation
by Russian officers...
1248
01:22:37,340 --> 01:22:40,100
...she managed to escape
to the Western Sector.
1249
01:22:40,300 --> 01:22:43,900
ln May 1946 she reached
her home in Bavaria.
1250
01:22:45,140 --> 01:22:47,340
There she was imprisoned
by the Americans...
1251
01:22:47,540 --> 01:22:50,300
...for three weeks
in the Starnberg Castle prison.
1252
01:22:50,460 --> 01:22:53,820
After her release there was
no real interest in her story.
1253
01:22:53,980 --> 01:22:58,260
ln 1947 Traudl Junge, who had never
been a member of the Nazi Party...
1254
01:22:58,420 --> 01:23:01,420
...was ''de-nazified''
without any charges against her.
1255
01:23:01,620 --> 01:23:06,420
As a so-called ''juvenile fellow traveler,''
she was granted juvenile amnesty.
1256
01:23:07,700 --> 01:23:09,820
ln the early days after the war...
1257
01:23:09,980 --> 01:23:13,860
...the past wasn't an issue,
strangely enough.
1258
01:23:14,220 --> 01:23:17,100
lt wasn't a subject to be discussed
in public either.
1259
01:23:17,260 --> 01:23:19,340
And there weren't any books about it.
1260
01:23:19,660 --> 01:23:22,620
ln politics there wasn't yet
the process...
1261
01:23:22,780 --> 01:23:24,660
...of coming to terms with the past.
1262
01:23:24,820 --> 01:23:29,660
Not even the Nuremberg Trials
started that process...
1263
01:23:29,820 --> 01:23:32,180
...the way it happened later,
in the '60s.
1264
01:23:32,380 --> 01:23:34,980
l don't know exactly why, but...
1265
01:23:35,260 --> 01:23:38,780
...suddenly there were
so many books.
1266
01:23:38,940 --> 01:23:41,820
And lots of voices were raised.
1267
01:23:41,980 --> 01:23:43,740
We heard about the SS state...
1268
01:23:43,900 --> 01:23:46,260
...and then the diary
of Anne Frank...
1269
01:23:46,460 --> 01:23:49,700
...and there were people
who had survived the whole thing.
1270
01:23:50,420 --> 01:23:52,460
People who had resisted
also spoke out.
1271
01:23:53,020 --> 01:23:56,380
The thing that made
a very strong impression on me...
1272
01:23:56,700 --> 01:24:00,940
...was that after the war...
1273
01:24:01,260 --> 01:24:05,660
...the world wasn't at all the way Hitler
had portrayed it...
1274
01:24:05,820 --> 01:24:07,420
...and predicted it would be.
1275
01:24:07,740 --> 01:24:10,420
Suddenly there was
a spirit of freedom...
1276
01:24:10,740 --> 01:24:12,780
...and especially the Americans--
1277
01:24:13,860 --> 01:24:16,420
l didn't get home until a year
after the occupation.
1278
01:24:16,620 --> 01:24:18,060
But especially the Americans...
1279
01:24:18,260 --> 01:24:21,460
...turned out to be
very good democrats...
1280
01:24:21,740 --> 01:24:23,700
...and very helpful people.
1281
01:24:23,860 --> 01:24:26,780
The care parcels started coming.
l suddenly realized...
1282
01:24:26,940 --> 01:24:28,900
...that none of it was true.
1283
01:24:29,340 --> 01:24:32,260
So in the early years
it didn't really occur to me...
1284
01:24:32,940 --> 01:24:35,980
...to come to terms with my past.
1285
01:24:36,180 --> 01:24:41,780
Naturally all the horrors that emerged
in the Nuremberg Trials...
1286
01:24:41,940 --> 01:24:43,820
...about the six million Jews...
1287
01:24:43,980 --> 01:24:47,980
...and people of other faiths
and beliefs...
1288
01:24:48,180 --> 01:24:54,260
...who lost their lives--
All that struck me as very shocking.
1289
01:24:55,060 --> 01:24:57,940
But l wasn't able at first
to see the connection...
1290
01:24:58,100 --> 01:24:59,900
...with my own past.
1291
01:25:00,100 --> 01:25:02,860
l still felt somehow content...
1292
01:25:03,020 --> 01:25:07,900
...that l had no personal guilt
and had known nothing about it.
1293
01:25:08,100 --> 01:25:10,700
l had no idea of the extent
of what happened.
1294
01:25:10,860 --> 01:25:12,740
But then one day...
1295
01:25:13,220 --> 01:25:16,780
...l was walking past the memorial
in Franz Josef Street...
1296
01:25:17,340 --> 01:25:21,260
...to Sophie Scholl,
a young girl who opposed Hitler...
1297
01:25:21,460 --> 01:25:24,900
...and l realized that she
was the same age as me...
1298
01:25:25,060 --> 01:25:30,100
...and that she was executed the
same year l started working for Hitler.
1299
01:25:30,940 --> 01:25:32,740
At that moment...
1300
01:25:33,740 --> 01:25:35,900
...l really sensed...
1301
01:25:36,060 --> 01:25:38,540
...that it is no excuse to be young...
1302
01:25:38,740 --> 01:25:44,940
...and that it might have been possible
to find out what was going on.
1303
01:25:52,300 --> 01:25:55,420
After the war Traudl Junge worked as
a secretary at the magazine "Quick"...
1304
01:25:55,580 --> 01:25:58,620
...as a consultant to director G. W.
Papst on his film "Der letzte Akt"...
1305
01:25:58,780 --> 01:26:01,900
...about Hitler's final days,
on the staff of a literature magazine...
1306
01:26:02,100 --> 01:26:03,460
...and as a science journalist.
1307
01:26:04,500 --> 01:26:06,860
Due to severe depression
she went into early retirement.
1308
01:26:07,020 --> 01:26:10,300
From then on she spent a large part of
her free time reading to blind people.
1309
01:26:10,460 --> 01:26:12,980
On the day this film premiered
at the Berlin Film Festival...
1310
01:26:13,180 --> 01:26:14,140
...on February 10, 2002...
1311
01:26:14,340 --> 01:26:16,380
...Traudl Junge died of cancer
in a Munich hospital.
1312
01:26:16,580 --> 01:26:18,740
Shortly before her death,
in a telephone conversation...
1313
01:26:21,380 --> 01:26:23,140
''l think l'm starting to forgive myself.''
106584
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