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despite what you may believe forrest gump
actually used an incredible amount of vfx
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for a movie of that time from the very beginning
with this feather sequence which we'll explain
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later and continuing right throughout the movie
but aside from the obvious uses of the effects
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like getting tom hanks to appear in a variety
of historical footage like this shot with lyndon
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johnson this shot with john lennon or this
one with richard nixon visual effects were
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cleverly used for these four different and
very necessary reasons one for augmentation
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sometimes a set or location where a shot is filmed
isn't exactly how the director first envisaged a
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road is shorter than needed a stadium is smaller
a public area is less populated or in some cases
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the budget just won't allow for anything better
so in this case the vfx teams will adjust extend
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and augment the environment to the director's
specifications in this scene forrest had to
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speak to a massive crowd in the lincoln memorial
unfortunately to create a crowd this big you'd
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need around a quarter of a million people
so the team shot tom going up to say his
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speech on a motion control camera in front
of a large crowd at the front of the stage
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after completing that shot they then moved
the crowd to different quarters all around
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the reflecting pool and filmed it with the motion
control camera following it with the exact same
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moves it had previously these shots were then
composited with the original plate of tom
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a similar thing was done for the scene
where forrest plays football for the
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university of alabama this was actually shot on
a football field in the university of east la
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but here instead of repositioning and filming
the same crowd they used digital map paintings
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to extend both the stadium and the crowd this
was also done for the ping pong game in china
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which was actually shot at paramount studios
and yes that ping pong ball is actually cgi
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2. vfx were used for impact it's not uncommon for
a shot to lack the visual punch or emotion the
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director is looking for a battle scene may seem
empty a fight scene too slow or an explosion to
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feeble so the vfx team will then use a number of
different techniques to give the shot the impact
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that is required in forrest gump the director
robert zemeckis wanted the first vietnam sequence
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to be loud and busy with a lot of helicopters
flying past in the background but this just
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wasn't economically or logistically possible and
they could only manage to get two to fly through
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so to solve this problem at the same time
as they were shooting the scene with the
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two helicopters flying past in the background
they had other camera operators hidden behind
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props and set pieces taking telephoto shots
of them as they went by all of these images
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were then composited into the shots and
animated to look like they're flying through
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3. vfx were used for safety although
most shots in movies are relatively
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safe to shoot some of the dangerous shots that
we see in them can still be quite dangerous to
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film as actors aren't always trained to
do some of the stunts required in a movie
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stunt people or stunt doubles are used for
anything deemed too dangerous for the actor
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unless your name is tom cruise or jackie chan of
course but sometimes stunts are too complicated or
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too dangerous even for a trained professional
and here is where the vfx teams will step in
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for the shot when forrest is being chased by
some guys in a truck the director wanted the
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truck to be right close up to tom but if tom had
tripped up the truck would have driven over him
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so to avoid this danger they filmed a plate of
tom running on his own with the camera locked off
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they then filmed another plate of the truck
on its own and panned it when it turned
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then they did rotomats of tom and composited
both plates and this guy here is a stuntman
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they did the same for this shot when
forrest enters the football field
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number four vfx were used to solve problems
we'll just fix it in post is a phrase that
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filmmakers love and vfx vendors hate but
sometimes there is just no other way around it
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this is when vfx teams have to get their thinking
caps on and oddly enough it's also when they're
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at their most creative the ambush sequence in
this movie brought its own set of challenges
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like how do you blow up two soldiers without
actually hurting anyone the solution they came
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up with was to shoot one plate with the cameras
locked off and the actors attached to wires and
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getting pulled out of the shot then they shot
two crew dummies laid on top of an explosive
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and wired so they too could be pulled out of the
shot and in doing so would come slightly apart
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they also shot some different pyro elements
and explosions at different frame rates
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then using high-speed compositing software from
discrete logic called inferno they combined the
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fireball with the dummies and then cut from the
live-action plate to that composite right here
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another problem that appeared in this sequence was
when tom hanks had to carry a 90 kilogram michael
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t williamson out of the jungle whilst napalm
exploded behind them once again with the camera
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locked off they filmed a stuntman carrying another
stuntman from a distance and then stumbling then
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just when he stumbles right here they morphed
into a shot of tom carrying williamson who was
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obviously too heavy for tom to carry and so was
attached to a wire hanging from a crane to pick
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up his weight for the napalm component of the
shot the special effects team set up a tremendous
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amount of pyro elements and gasoline to mimic
napalm all running up towards the cameras which
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were set at various different speeds they then
composited the actors in front of the pyro footage
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morphing from the stuntmen to the
actors right on the stumbling point
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something you may not have noticed in this
shot is that these jets and the napalm
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containers they drop were cgi and these birds
flying from the cornfield were also 100 cgi
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another problem they had to solve was the feather
sequence how do you control a feather that's being
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blown about randomly in the wind you could use
a man in a green suit to puppeteer the feather
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but mr green here can't fly and so the feather
sequence was done by first filming the entire
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shot without the feather filming a
feather on a wire in front of a blue
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screen and then superimposing and animating
its position on top of the footage however
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aside from it needing to make reflections on
this car or on this wet floor here the feather
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still needed to transition from superimposed to
real and this is where vfx came in handy on the
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original plate they lent a real feather against
tom's shoe which was then digitally painted out
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then by using a cg feather they were able to
make the transition from blue screen feather
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to cg feather and then finally animate it to
fall and be crossfaded into the real feather
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