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Would you like to inspect the original subtitles? These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:07,000 Downloaded from YTS.MX 2 00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:13,000 Official YIFY movies site: YTS.MX 3 00:00:33,334 --> 00:00:34,768 (BIRDS CHIRPING) 4 00:00:39,873 --> 00:00:45,413 GORE: You look at that river, gently flowing by. 5 00:00:45,413 --> 00:00:47,615 You notice the leaves 6 00:00:48,816 --> 00:00:51,219 rustling with the wind. 7 00:00:51,219 --> 00:00:53,421 You hear the birds. 8 00:00:53,421 --> 00:00:55,489 You hear the tree frogs. 9 00:00:55,489 --> 00:00:58,726 In the distance, you hear a cow. 10 00:00:58,726 --> 00:01:01,061 You feel the grass. 11 00:01:01,061 --> 00:01:05,466 The mud gives a little bit on the river bank. 12 00:01:05,466 --> 00:01:09,002 It's quiet. It's peaceful. 13 00:01:09,002 --> 00:01:11,372 And all of a sudden, 14 00:01:11,372 --> 00:01:14,542 it's a gear shift inside you. 15 00:01:14,542 --> 00:01:18,479 And it's like taking a deep breath and going, 16 00:01:18,479 --> 00:01:21,449 (SIGHING) "Oh, yeah, I forgot about this." 17 00:01:29,357 --> 00:01:33,327 This is the first picture of the earth from space 18 00:01:33,327 --> 00:01:35,596 that any of us ever saw. 19 00:01:35,596 --> 00:01:39,900 It was taken on, uh, Christmas Eve 1968 20 00:01:39,900 --> 00:01:42,403 during the Apollo 8 Mission. 21 00:01:42,403 --> 00:01:45,173 ...within relatively comfortable boundaries. 22 00:01:45,173 --> 00:01:49,810 But we are filling up that thin shell of atmosphere with pollution. 23 00:02:10,498 --> 00:02:13,367 MAN: Ladies and gentlemen, Mr. Al Gore. 24 00:02:14,368 --> 00:02:16,237 I am Al Gore. 25 00:02:16,237 --> 00:02:18,906 I used to be the next president of the United States Of America. 26 00:02:18,906 --> 00:02:20,308 (CHEERING) 27 00:02:22,543 --> 00:02:25,379 I don't find that particularly funny. 28 00:02:34,087 --> 00:02:35,423 (CROWD CHEERING) 29 00:02:50,338 --> 00:02:52,773 I've been trying to tell this story for a long time, 30 00:02:52,773 --> 00:02:56,577 and I feel as if I've failed to get the message across. 31 00:03:18,499 --> 00:03:22,803 I was in politics for a long time and I'm proud of my service. 32 00:03:26,073 --> 00:03:29,042 (SCREAMING) 33 00:03:29,042 --> 00:03:32,145 MAN ON RADIO: You gotta be kidding me. This is a national disaster. 34 00:03:32,145 --> 00:03:35,649 Get every doggone Greyhound bus line in the country, 35 00:03:35,649 --> 00:03:38,552 and get their...moving to New Orleans. 36 00:03:38,552 --> 00:03:40,554 That's them thinking small, man, 37 00:03:40,554 --> 00:03:43,857 and this is a major, major, major deal. 38 00:03:43,857 --> 00:03:46,460 PRESENTER: What do you need right now? 39 00:03:46,460 --> 00:03:49,430 GORE: There are good people, 40 00:03:49,430 --> 00:03:52,733 who are in politics in both parties 41 00:03:52,733 --> 00:03:55,202 who hold this at arm's length 42 00:03:55,202 --> 00:03:58,306 because if they acknowledge it and recognize it, 43 00:03:58,306 --> 00:04:01,309 then the moral imperative to make a big change is 44 00:04:01,309 --> 00:04:03,577 is--is inescapable. 45 00:04:03,577 --> 00:04:08,449 MAN: ...unless you fix the biggest damn crisis in the history of this country. 46 00:04:21,829 --> 00:04:25,999 GORE: ...scouted out landing spots and they lost radio contact 47 00:04:25,999 --> 00:04:29,303 when they went around the dark side of the moon. 48 00:04:29,303 --> 00:04:31,739 And there was inevitably some suspense. 49 00:04:31,739 --> 00:04:34,842 Then when they came back in radio contact, 50 00:04:34,842 --> 00:04:36,310 they looked up 51 00:04:36,310 --> 00:04:40,514 and they snapped this picture, and it became known as Earth Rise. 52 00:04:40,514 --> 00:04:43,451 And that one picture exploded 53 00:04:43,451 --> 00:04:46,320 in the consciousness of humankind. 54 00:04:46,320 --> 00:04:48,489 It lead to dramatic changes. 55 00:04:48,489 --> 00:04:50,157 Within 18 months of this picture, 56 00:04:50,157 --> 00:04:53,260 the modern environmental movement had begun. 57 00:04:53,260 --> 00:04:57,297 The next picture was taken on the last of the Apollo missions, 58 00:04:57,297 --> 00:04:58,799 Apollo 17. 59 00:04:58,799 --> 00:05:02,703 This one was taken on December 11, 1972, 60 00:05:02,703 --> 00:05:07,408 and it is the most commonly published photograph in all of history. 61 00:05:07,408 --> 00:05:11,912 And it's the only picture of the earth from space that we have 62 00:05:11,912 --> 00:05:15,315 (LAUGHING) where the sun was directly behind the spacecraft 63 00:05:15,315 --> 00:05:21,188 so that the earth is fully lit up and not partly in darkness. 64 00:05:21,188 --> 00:05:24,958 The next image I'm gonna show you has almost never been seen. 65 00:05:24,958 --> 00:05:29,697 It was taken by a spacecraft called The Galileo 66 00:05:29,697 --> 00:05:32,165 that went out to explore the solar system. 67 00:05:32,165 --> 00:05:37,337 And as it was leaving Earth's gravity, it turned its cameras around 68 00:05:37,337 --> 00:05:41,842 and took a time lapse picture of one day's worth of rotation, 69 00:05:41,842 --> 00:05:44,512 here compressed into 24 seconds. 70 00:05:46,414 --> 00:05:48,549 Isn't that beautiful? 71 00:05:48,549 --> 00:05:51,218 This image is a magical image in a way. 72 00:05:51,218 --> 00:05:54,187 It was made by a friend of mine, Tom Van Sant. 73 00:05:54,187 --> 00:05:57,925 He took 3,000 separate satellite pictures 74 00:05:57,925 --> 00:06:02,430 taken over a three-year period, digitally stitched together. 75 00:06:02,430 --> 00:06:06,266 And he chose images that would give a cloud-free view 76 00:06:06,266 --> 00:06:09,002 of every square inch of the earth's surface. 77 00:06:09,002 --> 00:06:13,173 All of the land masses accurately portrayed. 78 00:06:13,173 --> 00:06:17,411 When that's all spread out, it becomes an iconic image. 79 00:06:17,411 --> 00:06:23,250 I show this because I--I wanna tell you a story about two teachers I had. 80 00:06:23,250 --> 00:06:27,921 One that I didn't like that much, the other who is a real hero to me. 81 00:06:27,921 --> 00:06:31,459 I had a grade school teacher who taught geography 82 00:06:31,459 --> 00:06:35,128 by pulling a map of the world down in front of the blackboard. 83 00:06:35,128 --> 00:06:38,866 I had a classmate in the sixth grade who raised his hand 84 00:06:38,866 --> 00:06:44,104 and he pointed to the outline of the east coast of South America 85 00:06:44,104 --> 00:06:47,941 and he pointed to the west coast of Africa 86 00:06:47,941 --> 00:06:51,044 and he asked, "Did they ever fit together?" 87 00:06:51,044 --> 00:06:52,713 And the teacher said, 88 00:06:52,713 --> 00:06:56,416 "Of course not. That's the most ridiculous thing I've ever heard." 89 00:06:56,416 --> 00:07:00,654 That student went on to become a drug addict and a ne'er-do-well. 90 00:07:00,654 --> 00:07:03,423 The teacher went on to become science advisor 91 00:07:03,423 --> 00:07:05,058 in the current administration. 92 00:07:14,935 --> 00:07:19,439 But, you know, the teacher was actually reflecting 93 00:07:19,439 --> 00:07:23,644 the conclusion of the scientific establishment of that time. 94 00:07:23,644 --> 00:07:28,982 Continents are so big, obviously they don't move. 95 00:07:28,982 --> 00:07:32,886 But, actually, as we now know, they did move. 96 00:07:32,886 --> 00:07:34,888 Uh, they moved apart from one another. 97 00:07:34,888 --> 00:07:38,125 But at one time they did, in fact, fit together. 98 00:07:38,125 --> 00:07:40,694 But that assumption was a problem. 99 00:07:40,694 --> 00:07:43,463 It reflected the well-known wisdom 100 00:07:43,463 --> 00:07:46,299 that what gets us into trouble is not what we don't know, 101 00:07:46,299 --> 00:07:50,971 it's what we know for sure that just ain't so. 102 00:07:50,971 --> 00:07:53,907 This is actually an important point, believe it or not, 103 00:07:53,907 --> 00:07:56,744 because there is another such assumption 104 00:07:56,744 --> 00:08:01,314 that a lot of people have in their minds right now about global warming 105 00:08:01,314 --> 00:08:03,083 that just ain't so. 106 00:08:03,083 --> 00:08:06,887 The assumption is something like this. The earth is so big 107 00:08:06,887 --> 00:08:10,490 we can't possibly have any lasting harmful impact 108 00:08:10,490 --> 00:08:12,325 on the earth's environment. 109 00:08:12,325 --> 00:08:15,596 And maybe that was true at one time, but it's not anymore. 110 00:08:15,596 --> 00:08:17,865 And one of the reasons it's not true anymore 111 00:08:17,865 --> 00:08:22,269 is that the most vulnerable part of the earth's ecological system 112 00:08:23,436 --> 00:08:25,573 is the atmosphere. 113 00:08:25,573 --> 00:08:29,409 Vulnerable because it's so thin. 114 00:08:29,409 --> 00:08:31,812 My friend, the late Carl Sagan, used to say, 115 00:08:31,812 --> 00:08:35,248 "If you had a big globe with a coat of varnish on it, 116 00:08:35,248 --> 00:08:38,485 "the thickness of that varnish relative to that globe 117 00:08:38,485 --> 00:08:39,953 "is pretty much the same 118 00:08:39,953 --> 00:08:42,489 "as the thickness of the earth's atmosphere 119 00:08:42,489 --> 00:08:45,525 "compared to the earth itself." 120 00:08:45,525 --> 00:08:47,294 And it's thin enough 121 00:08:47,294 --> 00:08:51,298 that we are capable of changing its composition. 122 00:08:51,298 --> 00:08:53,867 That brings up the basic science of global warming. 123 00:08:53,867 --> 00:08:57,905 And I'm not gonna spend a lot of time on this because, uh, you know it well. 124 00:08:57,905 --> 00:09:01,441 The sun's radiation comes in in the form of light waves 125 00:09:01,441 --> 00:09:03,143 and that heats up the Earth. 126 00:09:03,143 --> 00:09:07,981 And then some of the radiation that is absorbed and warms the earth 127 00:09:07,981 --> 00:09:10,718 is reradiated back into space 128 00:09:10,718 --> 00:09:13,453 in the form of infrared radiation. 129 00:09:13,453 --> 00:09:17,591 And some of the outgoing infrared radiation is trapped 130 00:09:17,591 --> 00:09:21,695 by this layer of atmosphere and held inside the atmosphere. 131 00:09:21,695 --> 00:09:25,766 And that's a good thing because it keeps the temperature of the earth 132 00:09:25,766 --> 00:09:27,768 within certain boundaries, 133 00:09:27,768 --> 00:09:30,604 keeps it relatively constant and livable. 134 00:09:30,604 --> 00:09:34,775 But the problem is this thin layer of atmosphere is being thickened 135 00:09:34,775 --> 00:09:40,013 by all of the global warming pollution that's being put up there. 136 00:09:40,013 --> 00:09:44,818 And what that does is it thickens this layer of atmosphere, 137 00:09:44,818 --> 00:09:48,388 more of the outgoing infrared is trapped. 138 00:09:48,388 --> 00:09:52,125 And so the atmosphere heats up worldwide. That's global warming. 139 00:09:52,125 --> 00:09:54,394 Now, that's the traditional explanation. 140 00:09:54,394 --> 00:09:57,130 Here's a... What I think is a better explanation. 141 00:10:00,634 --> 00:10:03,003 (MAN READING) 142 00:10:10,143 --> 00:10:11,311 (SOBBING) 143 00:10:12,212 --> 00:10:13,681 (LAUGHING) 144 00:10:13,681 --> 00:10:17,184 You're probably wondering why your ice cream went away. 145 00:10:17,184 --> 00:10:20,320 Well, Susie, the culprit isn't foreigners. 146 00:10:20,320 --> 00:10:22,422 It's global warming. 147 00:10:22,422 --> 00:10:25,759 Global wha... Yeah. 148 00:10:26,894 --> 00:10:28,528 MAN: Meet Mr. Sunbeam. 149 00:10:28,528 --> 00:10:31,999 He comes all the way from the sun to visit Earth. 150 00:10:31,999 --> 00:10:35,869 Hello, Earth. Just popping in to brighten your day. 151 00:10:35,869 --> 00:10:38,471 * La, la, la, la, la, la, la! ** 152 00:10:38,471 --> 00:10:40,841 And now I'll be on my way. 153 00:10:40,841 --> 00:10:43,076 Not so fast, Sunbeam. 154 00:10:43,076 --> 00:10:47,047 We're greenhouse gases. You ain't going nowhere. 155 00:10:48,181 --> 00:10:49,649 (YELPING) 156 00:10:51,752 --> 00:10:53,420 Oh, God, it hurts. 157 00:10:53,420 --> 00:10:56,489 MAN: Pretty soon, Earth is chock-full of Sunbeams. 158 00:10:56,489 --> 00:10:59,727 Their rotting corpses heating our atmosphere. 159 00:10:59,727 --> 00:11:01,862 (ALL LAUGHING) 160 00:11:01,862 --> 00:11:05,232 How do we get rid of the greenhouse grasses? 161 00:11:05,232 --> 00:11:07,801 Fortunately, our handsomest politicians 162 00:11:07,801 --> 00:11:12,039 came up with a cheap, last-minute way to combat global warming. 163 00:11:12,039 --> 00:11:13,941 Ever since 2063, 164 00:11:13,941 --> 00:11:18,746 we simply drop a giant ice cube into the ocean every now and then. 165 00:11:20,513 --> 00:11:23,751 Just like Daddy puts in his drink every morning. 166 00:11:23,751 --> 00:11:25,819 And then he gets mad. 167 00:11:25,819 --> 00:11:29,556 MAN: Of course, since the greenhouse gases are still building up, 168 00:11:29,556 --> 00:11:33,894 it takes more and more ice each time. 169 00:11:33,894 --> 00:11:36,864 Thus, solving the problem once and for all. 170 00:11:36,864 --> 00:11:38,331 But... Once and for all! 171 00:11:46,339 --> 00:11:49,609 This is, uh, the image that started me 172 00:11:49,609 --> 00:11:52,145 in my interest in this issue. 173 00:11:52,145 --> 00:11:54,481 And I saw it when I was a college student 174 00:11:54,481 --> 00:11:57,417 because I had a professor named Roger Revelle 175 00:11:57,417 --> 00:12:01,221 who was the first person to propose measuring carbon dioxide 176 00:12:01,221 --> 00:12:03,056 in the earth's atmosphere. 177 00:12:06,059 --> 00:12:09,262 GORE: He saw where the story was going 178 00:12:09,262 --> 00:12:12,165 after the first few chapters. 179 00:12:12,165 --> 00:12:15,702 After the first few years of data, 180 00:12:15,702 --> 00:12:19,739 he intuited what it meant 181 00:12:19,739 --> 00:12:22,409 for what w-was yet to come. 182 00:12:24,577 --> 00:12:28,015 They designed the experiment in 1957. 183 00:12:28,015 --> 00:12:30,383 He hired Charles David Keeling 184 00:12:30,383 --> 00:12:33,320 who was very faithful and precise 185 00:12:33,320 --> 00:12:37,290 in making these measurements for decades. 186 00:12:37,290 --> 00:12:40,527 They started sending these weather balloons up every day 187 00:12:40,527 --> 00:12:43,430 and they chose the middle of the Pacific 188 00:12:43,430 --> 00:12:48,301 because it was the area that was most remote. 189 00:12:48,301 --> 00:12:50,871 And he was a very hard-nosed scientist. 190 00:12:50,871 --> 00:12:53,841 He really emphasized the hard data. 191 00:12:56,209 --> 00:12:58,411 It was a wonderful time for me 192 00:12:58,411 --> 00:13:00,680 because, like a lot of young people, 193 00:13:00,680 --> 00:13:04,651 I came into contact with intellectual ferment, 194 00:13:04,651 --> 00:13:08,121 ideas that I'd never considered 195 00:13:08,121 --> 00:13:10,858 in my wildest dreams before. 196 00:13:11,892 --> 00:13:14,694 And he showed our class 197 00:13:14,694 --> 00:13:19,299 the results of his measurements after only a few years. 198 00:13:19,299 --> 00:13:22,002 It was startling to me. 199 00:13:22,002 --> 00:13:25,105 Now he was startled 200 00:13:25,105 --> 00:13:27,207 and made it clear to our class 201 00:13:27,207 --> 00:13:30,243 what he felt the significance of it was. 202 00:13:30,243 --> 00:13:34,314 And I just soaked it up like a sponge. 203 00:13:34,314 --> 00:13:36,149 He drew the connections 204 00:13:36,149 --> 00:13:40,553 between the larger changes in our civilization 205 00:13:40,553 --> 00:13:43,924 and this pattern that was now visible 206 00:13:43,924 --> 00:13:45,926 in the atmosphere of the entire planet. 207 00:13:45,926 --> 00:13:49,662 And then he projected into the future where this was headed 208 00:13:49,662 --> 00:13:52,065 unless we made some adjustments. 209 00:13:52,065 --> 00:13:55,302 And it was just as clear as day. 210 00:13:57,905 --> 00:14:00,440 After the first seven, eight, nine years, 211 00:14:00,440 --> 00:14:03,643 you could see the pattern that was developing. 212 00:14:03,643 --> 00:14:05,145 But I asked a question. 213 00:14:05,145 --> 00:14:08,882 Why is it that it goes up and down once each year? 214 00:14:08,882 --> 00:14:12,552 And he explained that if you look at the land mass of the earth, 215 00:14:12,552 --> 00:14:15,588 very little of it is south of the equator. 216 00:14:15,588 --> 00:14:18,525 The vast majority of it is north of the equator, 217 00:14:18,525 --> 00:14:22,095 and most of the vegetation is north of the equator. 218 00:14:22,095 --> 00:14:26,333 And so, when the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the sun, 219 00:14:26,333 --> 00:14:28,902 as it is in our spring and summer, 220 00:14:28,902 --> 00:14:32,705 the leaves come out and they breathe in carbon dioxide, 221 00:14:32,705 --> 00:14:35,108 and the amount in the atmosphere goes down. 222 00:14:35,108 --> 00:14:38,912 But when the Northern Hemisphere is tilted away from the sun, 223 00:14:38,912 --> 00:14:41,181 as it is in our fall and winter, 224 00:14:41,181 --> 00:14:44,451 the leaves fall and exhale carbon dioxide, 225 00:14:44,451 --> 00:14:48,288 and the amount in the atmosphere goes back up again. 226 00:14:48,288 --> 00:14:50,991 And so, it's as if the entire earth 227 00:14:50,991 --> 00:14:53,660 once each year breaths in and out. 228 00:14:53,660 --> 00:14:56,196 (TAKING DEEP BREATH) 229 00:14:56,196 --> 00:15:01,601 So we started measuring carbon dioxide in 1958. 230 00:15:01,601 --> 00:15:03,703 And you can see 231 00:15:03,703 --> 00:15:07,407 that by the middle '60s, when he showed my class this image, 232 00:15:07,407 --> 00:15:09,776 it was already clear that it was going up. 233 00:15:09,776 --> 00:15:14,047 I respected him and learned from him so much, I followed this. 234 00:15:14,047 --> 00:15:17,584 And when I went to the Congress in the middle 1970s, 235 00:15:17,584 --> 00:15:20,453 I helped to organize the first hearings on global warming 236 00:15:20,453 --> 00:15:24,157 and asked my professor to come and be the leadoff witness. 237 00:15:24,157 --> 00:15:26,093 And I thought that would have such a big impact, 238 00:15:26,093 --> 00:15:29,896 we'd be on the way to solving this problem, but it didn't work that way. 239 00:15:29,896 --> 00:15:33,533 But I kept having hearings. And in 1984 I went to the Senate 240 00:15:33,533 --> 00:15:36,703 and really dug deeply into this issue 241 00:15:36,703 --> 00:15:38,838 with science roundtables and the like. 242 00:15:38,838 --> 00:15:43,276 I wrote a book, uh, about it, ran for President in 1988, 243 00:15:43,276 --> 00:15:45,845 partly to try to gain some visibility for that issue. 244 00:15:45,845 --> 00:15:50,383 And in 1992 went to the White House. We passed a version of a carbon tax 245 00:15:50,383 --> 00:15:52,919 and some other measures to try to address this. 246 00:15:52,919 --> 00:15:56,723 Went to Kyoto in 1997 to help get a treaty 247 00:15:56,723 --> 00:16:00,060 that's so controversial, in the US at least. 248 00:16:00,060 --> 00:16:02,162 In 2000, 249 00:16:02,162 --> 00:16:06,466 my opponent pledged to regulate CO2 and then... 250 00:16:06,466 --> 00:16:08,968 T-That--That was not a pledge that was kept. 251 00:16:08,968 --> 00:16:11,838 But the point of this is 252 00:16:11,838 --> 00:16:14,407 all this time you can see 253 00:16:14,407 --> 00:16:17,144 what I have seen all these years. 254 00:16:17,144 --> 00:16:20,447 It just keeps going up. It is relentless. 255 00:16:20,447 --> 00:16:24,317 And now we're beginning to see the impact in the real world. 256 00:16:24,317 --> 00:16:27,920 This is Mount Kilimanjaro more than 30 years ago 257 00:16:27,920 --> 00:16:29,556 and more recently. 258 00:16:29,556 --> 00:16:32,692 And a friend of mine just came back from Kilimanjaro 259 00:16:32,692 --> 00:16:35,595 with a picture he took a couple of months ago. 260 00:16:35,595 --> 00:16:38,531 Another friend, Lonnie Thompson, studies glaciers. 261 00:16:38,531 --> 00:16:43,870 Here's Lonnie with a last sliver of one of the once mighty glaciers. 262 00:16:43,870 --> 00:16:49,342 Within the decade there will be no more snows of Kilimanjaro. 263 00:16:49,342 --> 00:16:52,212 This is happening in Glacier National Park. 264 00:16:52,212 --> 00:16:56,015 I climbed to the top of this in 1998 with one of my daughters. 265 00:16:56,015 --> 00:16:59,919 Within 15 years, this will be the park formerly known as Glacier. 266 00:16:59,919 --> 00:17:04,657 Here is what's been happening year by year to the Columbia Glacier. 267 00:17:04,657 --> 00:17:07,960 It just retreats every single year. 268 00:17:07,960 --> 00:17:11,298 And it's a shame 'cause these glaciers are so beautiful. 269 00:17:11,298 --> 00:17:14,334 But those who go up to see them, 270 00:17:14,334 --> 00:17:17,337 here's what they're seeing every day, now. 271 00:17:28,881 --> 00:17:31,751 In the Himalayas, uh, there's a particular problem 272 00:17:31,751 --> 00:17:35,222 because 40 percent of all the people in the world 273 00:17:35,222 --> 00:17:38,491 get their drinking water from rivers and spring systems 274 00:17:38,491 --> 00:17:42,195 that are fed more than half by the melt water 275 00:17:42,195 --> 00:17:44,030 coming off the glaciers. 276 00:17:44,030 --> 00:17:48,735 And within this next half century those 40 percent o-of the people on Earth 277 00:17:48,735 --> 00:17:51,904 are gonna face a very serious shortage 278 00:17:51,904 --> 00:17:54,974 because o-of this melting. 279 00:17:54,974 --> 00:17:57,344 Italy, the Italian Alps. 280 00:17:57,344 --> 00:17:59,246 Same sight today. 281 00:17:59,246 --> 00:18:02,014 An old postcard from Switzerland. 282 00:18:02,014 --> 00:18:05,552 Throughout the Alps, we're seeing the same story. 283 00:18:05,552 --> 00:18:07,954 It's also true in South America. 284 00:18:07,954 --> 00:18:10,590 This is Peru 15 years ago. 285 00:18:10,590 --> 00:18:12,925 And the same glacier today. 286 00:18:12,925 --> 00:18:18,165 This is Argentina 20 years ago. Same glacier today. 287 00:18:18,165 --> 00:18:23,370 Seventy-five years ago in Patagonia on the tip of South America. 288 00:18:23,370 --> 00:18:27,707 This vast expanse of ice is now gone. 289 00:18:28,875 --> 00:18:30,977 There's a message in this. 290 00:18:30,977 --> 00:18:32,879 It is worldwide. 291 00:18:32,879 --> 00:18:35,615 And the ice has stories to tell us. 292 00:18:35,615 --> 00:18:38,851 My friend, Lonnie Thompson, digs core drills in the ice. 293 00:18:38,851 --> 00:18:40,687 They dig down 294 00:18:40,687 --> 00:18:44,191 and they bring the core drills back up and they look at the ice 295 00:18:44,191 --> 00:18:45,992 and they study it. 296 00:18:45,992 --> 00:18:50,397 When the snow falls, it traps little bubbles of atmosphere 297 00:18:50,397 --> 00:18:52,632 and they can go in and measure 298 00:18:52,632 --> 00:18:56,903 how much CO2 is in the atmosphere the year that that snow fell. 299 00:18:56,903 --> 00:18:59,606 What's even more interesting, I think, is 300 00:18:59,606 --> 00:19:03,610 they can measure the different isotopes of oxygen 301 00:19:03,610 --> 00:19:06,913 and figure out a very precise thermometer 302 00:19:06,913 --> 00:19:09,316 and tell you what the temperature was 303 00:19:09,316 --> 00:19:14,721 the year that, uh, that bubble was trapped in the snow as it fell. 304 00:19:14,721 --> 00:19:18,124 When I was in Antarctica, I saw cores like this. 305 00:19:18,124 --> 00:19:20,293 And a guy looked at it. He said, 306 00:19:20,293 --> 00:19:24,163 "Right here is where the US Congress passed the Clean Air Act." 307 00:19:24,163 --> 00:19:25,532 And I couldn't believe it. 308 00:19:25,532 --> 00:19:27,634 But you can see the difference with the naked eye. 309 00:19:27,634 --> 00:19:30,637 Just a couple of years after that law was passed, 310 00:19:30,637 --> 00:19:33,105 it's very clearly distinguishable. 311 00:19:33,105 --> 00:19:36,243 They can count back year by year 312 00:19:36,243 --> 00:19:38,911 the same way a forester reads tree rings. 313 00:19:38,911 --> 00:19:43,250 And you can see each annual layer from the melting and re-freezing, 314 00:19:43,250 --> 00:19:47,820 so they can go back in a lot of these mountain glaciers 1,000 years. 315 00:19:47,820 --> 00:19:51,624 And they constructed a thermometer of the temperature. 316 00:19:51,624 --> 00:19:55,762 The blue is cold and the red is warm. 317 00:19:55,762 --> 00:19:59,031 Now, uh, I show this for a couple of reasons. 318 00:19:59,031 --> 00:20:03,836 Number one, the so-called skeptics will sometimes say, 319 00:20:03,836 --> 00:20:07,474 "Oh, this whole thing, this is a cyclical phenomenon. 320 00:20:07,474 --> 00:20:10,343 "There was a medieval warming period, after all." 321 00:20:10,343 --> 00:20:13,980 Well, yeah, there--there was. There--There it is, right there. 322 00:20:15,948 --> 00:20:17,384 There are two others. 323 00:20:17,384 --> 00:20:20,420 But compared to what's going on now, 324 00:20:20,420 --> 00:20:22,088 there's just no comparison. 325 00:20:22,088 --> 00:20:26,259 So if you look at 1,000 years' worth of temperature 326 00:20:26,259 --> 00:20:29,629 and compare it to 1,000 years of CO2, 327 00:20:29,629 --> 00:20:33,833 you can see how closely they fit together. 328 00:20:33,833 --> 00:20:37,404 Now, 1,000 years of CO2 in the mountain glaciers, 329 00:20:37,404 --> 00:20:38,905 that's one thing. 330 00:20:38,905 --> 00:20:43,976 But in Antarctica, they can go back 650,000 years. 331 00:20:46,279 --> 00:20:48,915 This incidentally, uh, is the first time 332 00:20:48,915 --> 00:20:54,787 anybody outside of a small group of scientists has seen this image. 333 00:20:54,787 --> 00:20:57,824 This is the present day, uh, era, 334 00:20:57,824 --> 00:21:00,527 and that's the last ice age. 335 00:21:00,527 --> 00:21:04,631 Then it goes up. That... We're going back in time now 650,000 years. 336 00:21:04,631 --> 00:21:07,900 That's the period of warming between the last two ice ages. 337 00:21:07,900 --> 00:21:11,504 That's the second and third ice age back. 338 00:21:11,504 --> 00:21:14,574 Fourth, fifth, sixth 339 00:21:14,574 --> 00:21:17,276 and seventh ice age back. 340 00:21:17,276 --> 00:21:19,646 Now, an important point. 341 00:21:19,646 --> 00:21:24,817 In all of this time, 650,000 years, 342 00:21:24,817 --> 00:21:27,987 the CO2 level has never gone above 343 00:21:27,987 --> 00:21:30,890 300 parts per million. 344 00:21:30,890 --> 00:21:33,125 Now, as I said, they can also measure temperature. 345 00:21:33,125 --> 00:21:37,364 Here's what the temperature has been on our earth. 346 00:21:38,798 --> 00:21:41,668 Now, one thing that kind of jumps out at you is... 347 00:21:41,668 --> 00:21:45,838 Well, let me put it this way. If my classmate from the sixth grade 348 00:21:45,838 --> 00:21:48,441 that talked about Africa and South America were here, 349 00:21:48,441 --> 00:21:52,779 he would say, "Did--did--did-- did they ever fit together?" 350 00:21:52,779 --> 00:21:55,648 "Most ridiculous thing I've ever heard." 351 00:21:55,648 --> 00:21:57,384 But they did, of course. 352 00:21:57,384 --> 00:22:01,220 And the--the relationship is actually very complicated. 353 00:22:01,220 --> 00:22:04,791 But there is one relationship that is far more powerful 354 00:22:04,791 --> 00:22:06,626 than all the others and it is this. 355 00:22:06,626 --> 00:22:11,664 When there is more carbon dioxide, the temperature gets warmer 356 00:22:11,664 --> 00:22:15,201 because it traps more heat from the sun inside. 357 00:22:15,201 --> 00:22:19,238 In the parts of the United States that contain the modern cities 358 00:22:19,238 --> 00:22:23,776 of Cleveland, Detroit, New York, in the northern tier, 359 00:22:23,776 --> 00:22:27,914 this is the difference between a nice day 360 00:22:27,914 --> 00:22:32,118 and having a mile of ice over your head. 361 00:22:32,118 --> 00:22:36,523 Keep that in mind when you look at this fact. 362 00:22:36,523 --> 00:22:38,525 Carbon dioxide, 363 00:22:38,525 --> 00:22:42,429 having never gone above 300 parts per million, 364 00:22:42,429 --> 00:22:45,064 here is where CO2 is now. 365 00:22:49,402 --> 00:22:52,338 Way above where it's ever been 366 00:22:52,338 --> 00:22:54,841 as far back as this record will measure. 367 00:22:54,841 --> 00:22:58,277 Now, if you'll bear with me, I wanna really emphasize this point. 368 00:22:58,277 --> 00:23:01,047 The--The crew here 369 00:23:01,047 --> 00:23:04,083 has tried to teach me how to use this contraption here. 370 00:23:04,083 --> 00:23:06,653 So, if I don't kill myself, I'll... 371 00:23:06,653 --> 00:23:08,488 (MACHINERY HUMMING) 372 00:23:08,488 --> 00:23:10,457 (AUDIENCE LAUGHING) 373 00:23:14,527 --> 00:23:17,430 It's already right here. 374 00:23:18,698 --> 00:23:22,535 Look how far above the natural cycle this is, 375 00:23:22,535 --> 00:23:25,171 and we've done that. 376 00:23:25,171 --> 00:23:28,307 But, ladies and gentlemen, in the next 50 years, 377 00:23:28,307 --> 00:23:30,877 really, in less than 50 years, 378 00:23:30,877 --> 00:23:33,079 it's gonna continue to go up. 379 00:23:33,079 --> 00:23:37,216 When some of these children who are here are my age, 380 00:23:37,216 --> 00:23:41,420 here is what it's going to be in less than 50 years. 381 00:23:41,420 --> 00:23:43,189 (MACHINERY HUMMING) 382 00:23:47,827 --> 00:23:50,497 You've heard of off the charts. 383 00:23:52,832 --> 00:23:57,136 Within less than 50 years, it'll be here. 384 00:23:57,136 --> 00:24:00,406 There's not a single fact or date or number 385 00:24:00,406 --> 00:24:04,076 that's been used to make this up that's in any controversy. 386 00:24:04,076 --> 00:24:07,947 The so-called skeptics look at this and they say, 387 00:24:07,947 --> 00:24:11,851 "So? That seems perfectly okay." 388 00:24:18,257 --> 00:24:20,627 Well, 389 00:24:20,627 --> 00:24:24,396 again, if on the temperature side, 390 00:24:24,396 --> 00:24:30,803 if this much on the cold side is a mile of ice over our heads, 391 00:24:30,803 --> 00:24:35,074 what would that much on the warm side be? 392 00:24:36,676 --> 00:24:41,548 Ultimately this is really not a political issue 393 00:24:41,548 --> 00:24:44,483 so much as a--a moral issue. 394 00:24:44,483 --> 00:24:47,219 If we allow that to happen, 395 00:24:47,219 --> 00:24:50,089 it is deeply unethical. 396 00:24:52,391 --> 00:24:55,828 GORE: I had such faith in our democratic system, 397 00:24:55,828 --> 00:24:58,064 our self-government. 398 00:24:58,064 --> 00:25:02,001 I actually thought and believed 399 00:25:02,001 --> 00:25:06,906 that the story would be compelling enough to cause a real sea change 400 00:25:06,906 --> 00:25:10,242 in the way the Congress reacted to that issue. 401 00:25:10,242 --> 00:25:13,813 I thought they would be startled, too. 402 00:25:13,813 --> 00:25:15,748 And they weren't. 403 00:25:19,018 --> 00:25:21,153 The struggles, 404 00:25:21,153 --> 00:25:26,926 the victories that aren't really victories, the defeats that aren't really defeats. 405 00:25:26,926 --> 00:25:31,297 They can serve to magnify the significance 406 00:25:31,297 --> 00:25:34,767 of some trivial step forward, 407 00:25:34,767 --> 00:25:39,305 exaggerate the seeming importance 408 00:25:39,305 --> 00:25:41,674 of some massive setback. 409 00:25:45,712 --> 00:25:48,214 GORE: April 3, 1989. 410 00:25:49,682 --> 00:25:52,351 My son pulled loose from my hand 411 00:25:52,351 --> 00:25:54,921 and chased his friend across the street. 412 00:25:57,489 --> 00:25:59,291 He was six years old. 413 00:26:02,228 --> 00:26:05,031 The machine was breathing for him. 414 00:26:08,434 --> 00:26:11,838 We were possibly going to lose him. 415 00:26:16,075 --> 00:26:19,311 He finally, uh, took a breath. 416 00:26:22,214 --> 00:26:25,618 We stayed in the hospital for a month. 417 00:26:27,620 --> 00:26:30,990 It was almost as if, uh, 418 00:26:30,990 --> 00:26:34,060 you could look at that calendar and just go... 419 00:26:34,060 --> 00:26:37,630 (BLOWING) And everything just flew off. 420 00:26:37,630 --> 00:26:40,032 Seemed trivial, insignificant. 421 00:26:41,634 --> 00:26:43,970 He was so brave. He was such... 422 00:26:43,970 --> 00:26:47,273 Uh, he was such a--a brave guy. 423 00:26:49,842 --> 00:26:52,645 It just turned my whole world upside down 424 00:26:52,645 --> 00:26:57,583 and then shook it until everything fell out. 425 00:26:57,583 --> 00:27:03,055 My way of being in the world, it just changed everything for me. 426 00:27:03,055 --> 00:27:06,092 How should I spend my time on this earth? 427 00:27:11,764 --> 00:27:14,166 I really dug in, 428 00:27:14,166 --> 00:27:17,970 trying to learn about it much more deeply. 429 00:27:17,970 --> 00:27:20,106 I went to Antarctica. 430 00:27:20,106 --> 00:27:22,775 Went to the South Pole, the North Pole, the Amazon. 431 00:27:22,775 --> 00:27:27,980 Went to places where scientists could help me understand 432 00:27:27,980 --> 00:27:30,482 parts of the issue that 433 00:27:30,482 --> 00:27:33,419 I didn't really understand in depth. 434 00:27:37,456 --> 00:27:41,193 The possibility of losing what was most precious to me. 435 00:27:42,394 --> 00:27:45,531 I gained a-an ability 436 00:27:45,531 --> 00:27:47,133 (SIGHING) 437 00:27:47,133 --> 00:27:50,436 that maybe I didn't have before. 438 00:27:51,637 --> 00:27:53,405 But when I felt it, 439 00:27:53,405 --> 00:27:57,810 I felt that we could really lose it, 440 00:27:59,678 --> 00:28:04,383 that what we take for granted might not be here for our children. 441 00:28:07,086 --> 00:28:09,922 These are actual measurements of atmospheric temperatures 442 00:28:09,922 --> 00:28:12,224 since our Civil War. 443 00:28:12,224 --> 00:28:15,394 In any given year, it might look like it's going down, 444 00:28:15,394 --> 00:28:18,464 but the overall trend is extremely clear. 445 00:28:18,464 --> 00:28:20,199 And in recent years, 446 00:28:20,199 --> 00:28:24,703 it's uninterrupted and it is intensifying. 447 00:28:24,703 --> 00:28:29,008 In fact, if you look at the 10 hottest years ever measured 448 00:28:29,008 --> 00:28:31,043 in this atmospheric record, 449 00:28:31,043 --> 00:28:34,146 they've all occurred in the last 14 years. 450 00:28:34,146 --> 00:28:38,851 And the hottest of all was 2005. 451 00:28:38,851 --> 00:28:42,121 We have already seen some of the heat waves 452 00:28:42,121 --> 00:28:44,356 that are similar to what scientists are saying 453 00:28:44,356 --> 00:28:46,125 are gonna be a lot more common. 454 00:28:46,125 --> 00:28:47,626 Couple of years ago in Europe 455 00:28:47,626 --> 00:28:49,862 they had that massive heat wave 456 00:28:49,862 --> 00:28:53,399 that killed 35,000 people. 457 00:28:53,399 --> 00:28:56,335 India didn't get as much attention, 458 00:28:56,335 --> 00:28:59,105 but the same year the temperature there went 459 00:28:59,105 --> 00:29:02,308 to 122 degrees Fahrenheit. 460 00:29:02,308 --> 00:29:04,777 This past summer in the American West, 461 00:29:04,777 --> 00:29:08,714 there were a lot of cities that broke all-time records for high temperatures 462 00:29:08,714 --> 00:29:14,086 and number of consecutive days with 100 degree temperature or more. 463 00:29:14,086 --> 00:29:18,858 Two hundred cities and towns in the west set all-time records. 464 00:29:18,858 --> 00:29:23,262 And in the east there were a lot of cities that did the same thing. 465 00:29:23,262 --> 00:29:26,833 Including, incidentally, New Orleans. 466 00:29:26,833 --> 00:29:30,837 So the temperature increases are taking place all over the world, 467 00:29:30,837 --> 00:29:32,839 including in the oceans. 468 00:29:32,839 --> 00:29:37,343 This is the natural range of variability for temperature in the oceans. 469 00:29:37,343 --> 00:29:39,145 You know, people say, "Oh, it's just natural. 470 00:29:39,145 --> 00:29:41,547 "It goes up and down, so don't worry about it." 471 00:29:41,547 --> 00:29:45,852 This is the range that would be expected over the last 60 years, 472 00:29:45,852 --> 00:29:49,721 but the scientists who specialize in global warming have computer models 473 00:29:49,721 --> 00:29:55,461 that long ago predicted this range of temperature increase. 474 00:29:55,461 --> 00:29:57,997 Now I'm gonna show you, recently released, 475 00:29:57,997 --> 00:30:01,934 the actual ocean temperatures. 476 00:30:01,934 --> 00:30:06,973 And, of course, when the oceans get warmer, that causes stronger storms. 477 00:30:06,973 --> 00:30:09,741 We have seen in the last couple of years 478 00:30:09,741 --> 00:30:11,477 a lot of big hurricanes. 479 00:30:11,477 --> 00:30:16,415 Hurricane Jeanne and Frances and Ivan were among them. 480 00:30:16,415 --> 00:30:20,286 And the same year that we had that string of big hurricanes, 481 00:30:20,286 --> 00:30:24,256 we also set an all-time record for tornadoes in the United States. 482 00:30:24,256 --> 00:30:28,327 Japan again didn't get as much attention in our news media, 483 00:30:28,327 --> 00:30:31,297 but they set an all-time record for typhoons. 484 00:30:31,297 --> 00:30:32,731 Previous record was seven. 485 00:30:32,731 --> 00:30:36,936 Here are all 10 of the ones they had in 2004. 486 00:30:36,936 --> 00:30:39,071 The science textbooks have had to be rewritten 487 00:30:39,071 --> 00:30:42,975 because they say that it's impossible to have a hurricane in the South Atlantic. 488 00:30:42,975 --> 00:30:45,711 But the same year the first one ever hit Brazil. 489 00:30:45,711 --> 00:30:49,281 Summer of 2005 has been one for the books. 490 00:30:49,281 --> 00:30:52,919 The first one was Emily that socked into Yucatan. 491 00:30:52,919 --> 00:30:56,889 Then Hurricane Dennis came along and it did a lot of damage, 492 00:30:56,889 --> 00:30:58,891 including to the oil industry. 493 00:30:58,891 --> 00:31:03,295 This is the largest oil platform in the world after Dennis went through. 494 00:31:03,295 --> 00:31:06,532 This one was driven into the bridge at Mobile. 495 00:31:06,532 --> 00:31:10,069 And then, of course, came Katrina. 496 00:31:10,069 --> 00:31:14,941 It's worth remembering that when it hit Florida, it was a Category One. 497 00:31:14,941 --> 00:31:18,877 But it killed a lot of people and caused billions of dollars' worth of damage. 498 00:31:18,877 --> 00:31:21,180 And then what happened? 499 00:31:21,180 --> 00:31:23,215 Before it hit New Orleans, 500 00:31:23,215 --> 00:31:26,385 it went over warmer waters. 501 00:31:26,385 --> 00:31:29,788 As the water temperature increases, 502 00:31:29,788 --> 00:31:32,191 the wind velocity increases 503 00:31:32,191 --> 00:31:35,527 and the moisture content increases. 504 00:31:35,527 --> 00:31:38,697 And you'll see Hurricane Katrina form over Florida. 505 00:31:38,697 --> 00:31:42,101 And then as it comes into the gulf over that warm water, 506 00:31:42,101 --> 00:31:46,238 it picks up that energy and gets stronger and stronger and stronger. 507 00:31:46,238 --> 00:31:48,240 Look at that hurricane's eye. 508 00:31:48,240 --> 00:31:53,512 And, of course, the--the consequences were so horrendous, 509 00:31:53,512 --> 00:31:56,648 there are no words, uh, to describe it. 510 00:32:04,623 --> 00:32:06,192 (BABY WAILING) 511 00:32:20,372 --> 00:32:24,076 MAN ON RADIO: Yeah, we're getting reports and calls that are just breaking my heart. 512 00:32:24,076 --> 00:32:28,414 From people saying, "I've been in my attic. I can't take it anymore. 513 00:32:28,414 --> 00:32:33,319 "The water is up to my-- up to my neck. I don't think I can hold out." 514 00:32:33,319 --> 00:32:35,554 And that's happening as we speak. 515 00:32:35,554 --> 00:32:39,825 We told-- We told everybody the importance of the 17th Street Canal issue. 516 00:32:39,825 --> 00:32:42,628 We said, "Please, please, take care of this. 517 00:32:42,628 --> 00:32:45,231 "We don't care what you do. Figure it out." 518 00:32:52,638 --> 00:32:55,241 GORE: Something new for America. 519 00:32:57,776 --> 00:33:02,448 But how in God's name could that happen here? 520 00:33:04,883 --> 00:33:09,621 There had been warnings that hurricanes would get stronger. 521 00:33:09,621 --> 00:33:12,624 There were warnings that this hurricane, 522 00:33:12,624 --> 00:33:15,761 days before it hit, would breach the levees, 523 00:33:15,761 --> 00:33:20,266 would cause the kind of damage that it ultimately did cause. 524 00:33:20,266 --> 00:33:24,503 And one question we as a people need to decide 525 00:33:24,503 --> 00:33:28,374 is how we react when we hear warnings 526 00:33:28,374 --> 00:33:31,943 from the leading scientists in the world. 527 00:33:31,943 --> 00:33:36,582 There was another storm in the 1930s of a different kind. 528 00:33:36,582 --> 00:33:40,652 A horrible, unprecedented storm in continental Europe, 529 00:33:40,652 --> 00:33:46,592 and Winston Churchill warned the people of England 530 00:33:46,592 --> 00:33:50,362 that it was different from anything that had ever happened before 531 00:33:50,362 --> 00:33:52,864 and they had to get ready for it. 532 00:33:52,864 --> 00:33:56,668 And he... A-And--And a lot of people did not want to believe it. 533 00:33:56,668 --> 00:33:59,938 And he got real impatient with all the dithering. 534 00:33:59,938 --> 00:34:01,873 And he said this, 535 00:34:01,873 --> 00:34:03,709 (GORE READING) 536 00:34:17,789 --> 00:34:21,893 GORE: Making mistakes in generations and centuries past 537 00:34:21,893 --> 00:34:26,332 would have consequences that we could overcome. 538 00:34:26,332 --> 00:34:29,067 We don't have that luxury anymore. 539 00:34:29,067 --> 00:34:31,137 We didn't ask for it, 540 00:34:32,003 --> 00:34:33,972 but here it is. 541 00:34:33,972 --> 00:34:36,942 MALE ANNOUNCER 1: Al Gore is the winner of the national popular vote. 542 00:34:36,942 --> 00:34:40,779 But the state of Florida, whomever wins there wins the White House. 543 00:34:40,779 --> 00:34:43,249 FEMALE ANNOUNCER: We call Florida, in the Al Gore column... 544 00:34:43,249 --> 00:34:47,119 MALE ANNOUNCER 2: Bulletin: Florida pulled back into the undecided column. 545 00:34:47,119 --> 00:34:50,156 George Bush is the president elect of the United States. He is... 546 00:34:50,156 --> 00:34:53,725 MALE ANNOUNCER 2: Florida goes Bush. The presidency is Bush. That's it. 547 00:34:53,725 --> 00:34:56,595 GORE: And at 2:18 this morning, we project... 548 00:34:56,595 --> 00:35:01,099 All right, we're officially saying that Florida is too close to call. 549 00:35:25,657 --> 00:35:29,928 While I strongly disagree with the court's decision, 550 00:35:29,928 --> 00:35:31,330 I accept it. 551 00:35:31,330 --> 00:35:34,200 I accept the finality of this outcome. 552 00:35:42,441 --> 00:35:44,042 MAN: ...do solemnly swear... 553 00:35:44,042 --> 00:35:46,478 BUSH: I, George Walker Bush, do solemnly swear... 554 00:35:46,478 --> 00:35:49,415 MAN: ...that I will faithfully execute the office of... 555 00:36:00,926 --> 00:36:04,430 GORE: Well, that was a hard blow, but... 556 00:36:06,965 --> 00:36:09,235 What do you do? You... 557 00:36:11,503 --> 00:36:13,605 You make the best of it. 558 00:36:24,550 --> 00:36:28,420 It brought into clear focus 559 00:36:28,420 --> 00:36:32,958 the mission that I had been pursuing 560 00:36:32,958 --> 00:36:35,727 for all these years, and 561 00:36:35,727 --> 00:36:36,928 (SIGHING) 562 00:36:36,928 --> 00:36:41,233 I started, uh, giving the slide show again. 563 00:36:41,233 --> 00:36:42,668 (APPLAUSE) 564 00:36:48,039 --> 00:36:51,310 One often unnoticed effect of global warming 565 00:36:51,310 --> 00:36:53,245 is it causes more precipitation, 566 00:36:53,245 --> 00:36:56,982 but more of it coming in one-time big storm events. 567 00:36:56,982 --> 00:37:00,886 Because the evaporation off the oceans puts all the moisture up there, 568 00:37:00,886 --> 00:37:04,756 when storm conditions trigger the downpour, more of it falls down. 569 00:37:04,756 --> 00:37:08,126 The insurance industry has actually noticed this. 570 00:37:08,126 --> 00:37:10,762 Their recovered losses are going up. 571 00:37:10,762 --> 00:37:13,265 You see the damage from these severe weather events? 572 00:37:13,265 --> 00:37:16,835 And 2005 is not even on this yet. 573 00:37:16,835 --> 00:37:20,306 When it does, it'll be off that chart. 574 00:37:20,306 --> 00:37:24,843 Europe has just had a year very similar to the one we've had 575 00:37:24,843 --> 00:37:28,213 where they say nature's been going crazy. 576 00:37:28,213 --> 00:37:30,882 All kinds of unusual catastrophes, 577 00:37:30,882 --> 00:37:33,619 like a nature hike through the Book of Revelations. 578 00:37:35,053 --> 00:37:36,655 Flooding in Asia. 579 00:37:36,655 --> 00:37:39,725 Mumbai, India this past July. 580 00:37:39,725 --> 00:37:43,429 Thirty-seven inches of rain in 24 hours. 581 00:37:43,429 --> 00:37:46,565 By far, the largest downpour 582 00:37:46,565 --> 00:37:50,336 that any city in India has ever received. 583 00:37:50,336 --> 00:37:52,871 Lot of flooding in China, also. 584 00:37:52,871 --> 00:37:57,976 Global warming, paradoxically, causes not only more flooding, 585 00:37:57,976 --> 00:37:59,845 but also more drought. 586 00:37:59,845 --> 00:38:03,649 This neighboring province right next door 587 00:38:03,649 --> 00:38:08,787 had a severe drought at the same time these areas were flooding. 588 00:38:08,787 --> 00:38:11,523 One of the reasons for this has to do with the fact 589 00:38:11,523 --> 00:38:16,695 that global warming not only increases precipitation worldwide, 590 00:38:16,695 --> 00:38:19,998 but it also relocates the precipitation. 591 00:38:19,998 --> 00:38:23,969 And focus most of all on this part of Africa 592 00:38:23,969 --> 00:38:26,905 just on the edge of the Sahara. 593 00:38:26,905 --> 00:38:29,975 Unbelievable tragedies have been unfolding there, 594 00:38:29,975 --> 00:38:33,044 and there are a lot of reasons for it. 595 00:38:33,044 --> 00:38:38,550 But Darfur and Niger are among those tragedies. 596 00:38:38,550 --> 00:38:42,053 And one of the factors that has been compounding them 597 00:38:42,053 --> 00:38:45,491 is the lack of rainfall and the increasing drought. 598 00:38:45,491 --> 00:38:51,029 This is Lake Chad, once one of the largest lakes in the world. 599 00:38:51,029 --> 00:38:55,934 It has dried up over the last few decades to almost nothing, 600 00:38:55,934 --> 00:39:00,406 vastly complicating the other problems that they also have. 601 00:39:00,406 --> 00:39:02,374 The second reason 602 00:39:02,374 --> 00:39:05,777 why this is a paradox. 603 00:39:05,777 --> 00:39:09,481 Global warming creates more evaporation off the oceans 604 00:39:09,481 --> 00:39:10,982 to seed the clouds, 605 00:39:10,982 --> 00:39:14,920 but it sucks moisture out of the soil. 606 00:39:14,920 --> 00:39:18,824 Soil evaporation increases dramatically 607 00:39:18,824 --> 00:39:20,926 with higher temperatures. 608 00:39:20,926 --> 00:39:25,597 And that has consequences for us in the United States, as well. 609 00:39:26,498 --> 00:39:29,935 So this is the Carthage exit. 610 00:39:29,935 --> 00:39:33,639 When I was 14 years old, I totaled the family car 611 00:39:35,206 --> 00:39:37,443 right there. 612 00:39:37,443 --> 00:39:41,447 Went off that shoulder, turned it over. 613 00:39:41,447 --> 00:39:45,116 And see this Black Angus bull? 614 00:39:45,116 --> 00:39:47,519 We raised Black Angus. 615 00:39:50,922 --> 00:39:54,125 GORE: My father was named Breeder of the Month. 616 00:39:54,125 --> 00:39:56,027 (CHUCKLING) 617 00:39:56,027 --> 00:39:58,063 He grew up on a farm. 618 00:39:59,798 --> 00:40:02,734 All through his career in the Senate, 619 00:40:02,734 --> 00:40:06,638 he continued to come back here and raise cattle. 620 00:40:06,638 --> 00:40:10,642 Learning it from your dad on the land, 621 00:40:12,944 --> 00:40:16,715 that's really something special. 622 00:40:16,715 --> 00:40:22,353 My, uh, childhood upbringing was a little unusual in the sense that 623 00:40:22,353 --> 00:40:26,792 I spent eight months of each year in Washington DC 624 00:40:26,792 --> 00:40:30,729 in a--a small little hotel apartment. 625 00:40:30,729 --> 00:40:35,567 And then the other four months were spent here on this big, beautiful farm. 626 00:40:37,435 --> 00:40:39,070 I had a dog here. 627 00:40:40,205 --> 00:40:42,608 I had a pony here. 628 00:40:42,608 --> 00:40:44,743 I could, uh, shoot my rifle here. 629 00:40:44,743 --> 00:40:48,814 I could-- I could go swimming in the river here. 630 00:40:48,814 --> 00:40:52,484 Go out and lay down in the grass. 631 00:40:58,990 --> 00:41:02,293 As a kid, it took me a while 632 00:41:02,293 --> 00:41:05,597 to learn the difference between fun and work. 633 00:41:11,803 --> 00:41:15,240 The places where people live were chosen 634 00:41:15,240 --> 00:41:17,475 because of the climate pattern 635 00:41:17,475 --> 00:41:21,613 that has been pretty much the same on Earth 636 00:41:21,613 --> 00:41:25,684 since the end of the last ice age 11,000 years ago. 637 00:41:27,218 --> 00:41:31,489 Here, on this farm, the patterns are changing. 638 00:41:31,489 --> 00:41:34,960 And it seems gradual in the course of a human lifetime 639 00:41:34,960 --> 00:41:39,931 but in the course of time, as defined by this river, 640 00:41:39,931 --> 00:41:43,935 it's happening very, very quickly. 641 00:41:46,404 --> 00:41:48,807 Two canaries in the coal mine. 642 00:41:48,807 --> 00:41:50,909 First one is in the Arctic. 643 00:41:50,909 --> 00:41:54,512 This, of course, is the Arctic Ocean, the floating ice cap. 644 00:41:54,512 --> 00:41:57,348 Greenland, on its side there. 645 00:41:57,348 --> 00:41:58,884 I say canary in the coal mine 646 00:41:58,884 --> 00:42:02,087 because the Arctic is one of the two regions of the world 647 00:42:02,087 --> 00:42:06,157 that, uh, is experiencing faster impacts 648 00:42:06,157 --> 00:42:07,626 from global warming. 649 00:42:07,626 --> 00:42:10,829 This is the largest ice shelf in the Arctic, 650 00:42:10,829 --> 00:42:12,864 the Ward Hunt Ice Shelf. 651 00:42:12,864 --> 00:42:14,833 It just cracked in half three years ago. 652 00:42:14,833 --> 00:42:17,402 The scientists were astonished. 653 00:42:17,402 --> 00:42:21,072 These are called drunken trees just going every which way. 654 00:42:21,072 --> 00:42:24,475 This is not caused by wind damage or alcohol consumption. 655 00:42:24,475 --> 00:42:29,815 These trees put their roots down in the permafrost, 656 00:42:29,815 --> 00:42:31,817 and the permafrost is thawing. 657 00:42:31,817 --> 00:42:35,086 And so they just go every which way now. 658 00:42:35,086 --> 00:42:38,089 This building was built on the, uh, permafrost 659 00:42:38,089 --> 00:42:40,992 and has collapsed as the permafrost thaws. 660 00:42:40,992 --> 00:42:44,630 This woman's house, uh, has had to be abandoned. 661 00:42:44,630 --> 00:42:49,167 The pipeline is suffering a great deal of structural damage. 662 00:42:49,167 --> 00:42:54,005 And incidentally, the oil that they want to produce in that protected area 663 00:42:54,005 --> 00:42:56,507 in Northern Alaska, which I hope they don't, 664 00:42:56,507 --> 00:43:00,278 they have to depend on trucks to go in and out of there. 665 00:43:00,278 --> 00:43:03,949 And the trucks go over the frozen ground. 666 00:43:03,949 --> 00:43:08,486 This shows the number of days that the tundra in Alaska is 667 00:43:08,486 --> 00:43:10,255 frozen enough to drive on it. 668 00:43:10,255 --> 00:43:15,560 Thirty-five years ago, 225 days a year. 669 00:43:15,560 --> 00:43:19,064 Now it's below 75 days a year 670 00:43:19,064 --> 00:43:23,201 because the spring comes earlier and the fall comes later 671 00:43:23,201 --> 00:43:26,738 and the temperatures just keep on going up. 672 00:43:26,738 --> 00:43:28,473 I went up to the North Pole. 673 00:43:28,473 --> 00:43:32,043 I went under that ice cap in a nuclear submarine 674 00:43:32,043 --> 00:43:35,246 that surfaced through the ice like this. 675 00:43:35,246 --> 00:43:38,750 Since they started patrolling in 1957, 676 00:43:38,750 --> 00:43:41,152 they have gone under the ice 677 00:43:41,152 --> 00:43:44,555 and measured with their radar looking upwards 678 00:43:44,555 --> 00:43:45,924 to measure how thick it is 679 00:43:45,924 --> 00:43:48,093 because they can only surface in areas 680 00:43:48,093 --> 00:43:51,196 where it's three and a half feet thick or less. 681 00:43:51,196 --> 00:43:53,865 So they have kept a meticulous record 682 00:43:53,865 --> 00:43:56,735 and they wouldn't release it because it was national security. 683 00:43:56,735 --> 00:44:00,538 I went up there in order to persuade them to release it, and they did. 684 00:44:00,538 --> 00:44:03,108 And here's what that record shows. 685 00:44:03,108 --> 00:44:07,512 Starting in 1970, there was a precipitous drop-off 686 00:44:07,512 --> 00:44:12,050 in the amount and extent and thickness of the Arctic ice cap. 687 00:44:12,050 --> 00:44:16,321 It has diminished by 40 percent in 40 years. 688 00:44:16,321 --> 00:44:18,957 And there are now two major studies showing 689 00:44:18,957 --> 00:44:21,392 that within the next 50 to 70 years, 690 00:44:21,392 --> 00:44:24,830 in summertime it will be completely gone. 691 00:44:24,830 --> 00:44:27,465 Now, you might say, "Why is that a problem?" 692 00:44:27,465 --> 00:44:33,004 And "How could the Arctic ice cap actually melt so quickly?" 693 00:44:33,004 --> 00:44:35,506 When the sun's rays hit the ice, 694 00:44:35,506 --> 00:44:39,845 more than 90 percent of it bounces off right back into space like a mirror. 695 00:44:39,845 --> 00:44:44,215 But when it hits the open ocean, more than 90 percent of it is absorbed. 696 00:44:44,215 --> 00:44:47,252 And so, as the surrounding water gets warmer, 697 00:44:47,252 --> 00:44:50,989 it speeds up the melting of the ice. 698 00:44:50,989 --> 00:44:54,592 Right now, the Arctic ice cap acts like a giant mirror. 699 00:44:54,592 --> 00:44:57,963 All the sun's rays bounce off, more than 90 percent. 700 00:44:57,963 --> 00:45:00,298 It keeps the earth cooler. 701 00:45:00,298 --> 00:45:01,767 But as it melts 702 00:45:01,767 --> 00:45:05,403 and the open ocean receives that sun's energy instead, 703 00:45:05,403 --> 00:45:07,839 more than 90 percent is absorbed. 704 00:45:07,839 --> 00:45:11,777 So there is a faster buildup of heat here, 705 00:45:11,777 --> 00:45:14,379 at the North Pole, in the Arctic Ocean, 706 00:45:14,379 --> 00:45:19,350 and the Arctic generally than anywhere else on the planet. 707 00:45:19,350 --> 00:45:24,222 That's not good for creatures like polar bears who depend on the ice. 708 00:45:25,323 --> 00:45:27,826 A new scientific study shows that 709 00:45:27,826 --> 00:45:33,765 for the first time they're finding polar bears that have actually drowned, 710 00:45:33,765 --> 00:45:38,469 swimming long distances, up to 60 miles, to find the ice. 711 00:45:38,469 --> 00:45:41,272 And they didn't find that before. 712 00:45:41,272 --> 00:45:43,374 But what does it mean to us? 713 00:45:43,374 --> 00:45:46,711 To look at a vast expanse of open water 714 00:45:46,711 --> 00:45:51,382 at the top of our world that used to be covered by ice. 715 00:45:51,382 --> 00:45:53,118 We ought to care a lot 716 00:45:53,118 --> 00:45:56,054 because it has planetary effects. 717 00:45:56,054 --> 00:46:00,992 The earth's climate is like a big engine for redistributing heat 718 00:46:00,992 --> 00:46:02,894 from the equator to the poles. 719 00:46:02,894 --> 00:46:07,232 And it does that by means of ocean currents and wind currents. 720 00:46:07,232 --> 00:46:09,400 They tell us, the scientists do, 721 00:46:09,400 --> 00:46:11,803 that the earth's climate is a nonlinear system. 722 00:46:11,803 --> 00:46:15,006 Just a fancy way they have of saying 723 00:46:15,006 --> 00:46:18,443 that the changes are not all just gradual. 724 00:46:18,443 --> 00:46:21,546 Some of them come suddenly, in big jumps. 725 00:46:21,546 --> 00:46:25,250 On a worldwide basis, the annual average temperature is 726 00:46:25,250 --> 00:46:28,253 about 58 degrees Fahrenheit. 727 00:46:28,253 --> 00:46:32,090 If we have an increase of five degrees, 728 00:46:32,090 --> 00:46:35,193 which is on the low end of the projections, 729 00:46:35,193 --> 00:46:37,262 look at how that translates globally. 730 00:46:37,262 --> 00:46:40,999 That means an increase of only one degree at the equator, 731 00:46:40,999 --> 00:46:44,135 but more than 12 degrees at the pole. 732 00:46:44,135 --> 00:46:47,305 And so all those wind and ocean current patterns 733 00:46:47,305 --> 00:46:52,143 that have formed since the last ice age and have been relatively stable, 734 00:46:52,143 --> 00:46:55,613 they're all up in the air and they change. 735 00:46:55,613 --> 00:46:57,682 And one of the ones they're most worried about, 736 00:46:57,682 --> 00:47:01,887 where they've spent a lot of time, uh, studying the problem, 737 00:47:01,887 --> 00:47:04,022 is in the North Atlantic 738 00:47:04,022 --> 00:47:07,092 where the Gulf Stream comes up and meets the cold winds 739 00:47:07,092 --> 00:47:09,360 coming off the Arctic over Greenland. 740 00:47:09,360 --> 00:47:13,131 And that evaporates so that the heat out of the Gulf Stream 741 00:47:13,131 --> 00:47:15,266 and the steam is carried over to Western Europe 742 00:47:15,266 --> 00:47:17,903 by the prevailing winds and the earth's rotation. 743 00:47:17,903 --> 00:47:21,006 But isn't it interesting that the whole ocean current system 744 00:47:21,006 --> 00:47:23,508 is all linked together in this loop? 745 00:47:23,508 --> 00:47:26,244 They call it the ocean conveyor. 746 00:47:26,244 --> 00:47:29,580 And the red are the warm surface currents. 747 00:47:29,580 --> 00:47:32,017 The Gulf Stream is the best known of them. 748 00:47:32,017 --> 00:47:35,320 But the blue represent the cold currents 749 00:47:35,320 --> 00:47:37,455 running in the opposite direction, 750 00:47:37,455 --> 00:47:42,160 and we don't see them at all because they run along the bottom of the ocean. 751 00:47:42,160 --> 00:47:47,065 Up in the North Atlantic, after that heat is pulled out, 752 00:47:47,065 --> 00:47:50,801 what's left behind is colder water and saltier water 753 00:47:50,801 --> 00:47:52,938 because the salt doesn't go anywhere. 754 00:47:52,938 --> 00:47:55,873 And so that makes it denser and heavier. 755 00:47:55,873 --> 00:47:59,144 And so that cold, dense, heavy water sinks 756 00:47:59,144 --> 00:48:04,015 at the rate of five billion gallons per second. 757 00:48:04,015 --> 00:48:08,019 And then that pulls that current back south. 758 00:48:08,019 --> 00:48:10,388 At the end of the last ice age, 759 00:48:10,388 --> 00:48:14,492 as the last glacier was receding from North America, 760 00:48:14,492 --> 00:48:18,663 the ice melted and a giant pool of fresh water 761 00:48:18,663 --> 00:48:20,365 formed in North America. 762 00:48:20,365 --> 00:48:24,569 And the Great Lakes are the remnants of that huge lake. 763 00:48:24,569 --> 00:48:30,008 An ice dam on the eastern border formed and one day it broke. 764 00:48:30,008 --> 00:48:33,211 And all that fresh water came rushing out, 765 00:48:33,211 --> 00:48:35,813 ripping open the St. Lawrence there, 766 00:48:35,813 --> 00:48:39,517 and it diluted the salty, dense, cold water, 767 00:48:39,517 --> 00:48:43,921 made it fresher and lighter, so it stopped sinking. 768 00:48:43,921 --> 00:48:45,156 And that pump 769 00:48:45,156 --> 00:48:47,158 (SNAPS FINGERS) shut off. 770 00:48:47,158 --> 00:48:49,360 And the heat transfer stopped. 771 00:48:49,360 --> 00:48:53,831 And Europe went back into an ice age for another 900 to 1,000 years. 772 00:48:53,831 --> 00:48:58,803 And the change from conditions like we have here today 773 00:48:58,803 --> 00:49:00,438 to an ice age 774 00:49:00,438 --> 00:49:04,976 took place in perhaps as little as 10 years' time. 775 00:49:04,976 --> 00:49:07,312 So that's a sudden jump. 776 00:49:07,312 --> 00:49:10,281 Now, of course that's not gonna, uh, happen again 777 00:49:10,281 --> 00:49:13,551 because the glaciers of North America are not there, and... 778 00:49:13,551 --> 00:49:18,389 Is there any other big chunk of ice anywhere near there? 779 00:49:18,389 --> 00:49:20,425 Oh, yeah. 780 00:49:20,425 --> 00:49:22,660 We'll come back to that one. 781 00:49:42,813 --> 00:49:48,253 It's extremely frustrating to me 782 00:49:48,253 --> 00:49:53,258 to--to communicate over and over again, as clearly as I can. 783 00:49:57,862 --> 00:50:00,598 And we are still, by far, 784 00:50:00,598 --> 00:50:03,468 the worst contributor to the problem. 785 00:50:08,073 --> 00:50:09,674 And I look around 786 00:50:09,674 --> 00:50:13,511 and look for really meaningful signs 787 00:50:13,511 --> 00:50:16,681 that we're about to really change. 788 00:50:18,916 --> 00:50:21,186 I don't see it right now. 789 00:50:21,186 --> 00:50:23,854 REAGAN: A number of very reputable scientists have said 790 00:50:23,854 --> 00:50:25,856 that one factor of air pollution 791 00:50:25,856 --> 00:50:29,394 is oxides of nitrogen from decaying vegetation. 792 00:50:29,394 --> 00:50:34,332 This is what causes the haze that gave the big Smoky Mountains their name. 793 00:50:34,332 --> 00:50:36,701 Thank you very much, okay. 794 00:50:36,701 --> 00:50:40,338 This guy is so far off in the environmental extreme, 795 00:50:40,338 --> 00:50:45,076 we'll be up to our neck in owls and out of work for every American. 796 00:50:45,076 --> 00:50:47,145 This guy is crazy. 797 00:50:47,145 --> 00:50:51,716 Even if humans were causing global warming, and--and we are not, 798 00:50:51,716 --> 00:50:54,885 this could be maybe the greatest hoax ever perpetrated 799 00:50:54,885 --> 00:50:56,854 on the American people. 800 00:50:56,854 --> 00:51:00,225 INHOFE: We're dealing with something that's highly emotional. 801 00:51:01,192 --> 00:51:04,895 GORE: If an issue is not 802 00:51:04,895 --> 00:51:09,834 on the tips of their constituents' tongues, 803 00:51:09,834 --> 00:51:12,637 it's easy for them to ignore it. 804 00:51:18,443 --> 00:51:22,713 To say, "Well, we'll deal with that tomorrow." 805 00:51:27,718 --> 00:51:31,289 So the same phenomena of changing all these patterns 806 00:51:31,289 --> 00:51:34,159 is also affecting the seasons. 807 00:51:34,159 --> 00:51:36,561 Here is a study from the Netherlands. 808 00:51:36,561 --> 00:51:40,231 The peak arrival date for migratory birds 809 00:51:40,231 --> 00:51:43,201 25 years ago was April 25th, 810 00:51:43,201 --> 00:51:45,936 and their chicks hatched on June the 3rd. 811 00:51:45,936 --> 00:51:49,974 Just at the time when the caterpillars were coming out. 812 00:51:49,974 --> 00:51:52,810 Nature's, uh, plan. 813 00:51:52,810 --> 00:51:55,713 But 20 years of warming later, 814 00:51:55,713 --> 00:51:58,183 the caterpillars peaked two weeks earlier, 815 00:51:58,183 --> 00:52:03,254 and the chicks tried to catch up with it, but they couldn't. 816 00:52:03,254 --> 00:52:04,855 And so, they're in trouble. 817 00:52:04,855 --> 00:52:08,159 And there are millions of ecological niches 818 00:52:08,159 --> 00:52:11,862 that are affected by global warming in just this way. 819 00:52:11,862 --> 00:52:16,267 This is the number of days with frost in Southern Switzerland 820 00:52:16,267 --> 00:52:17,802 over the last 100 years. 821 00:52:17,802 --> 00:52:20,371 It has gone down rapidly. But now watch this. 822 00:52:20,371 --> 00:52:24,475 This is the number of invasive exotic species 823 00:52:24,475 --> 00:52:29,747 that have rushed in to fill the new ecological niches that are opening up. 824 00:52:29,747 --> 00:52:32,417 That's happening here in the United States, too. 825 00:52:32,417 --> 00:52:34,985 You've heard of the pine beetle problem? 826 00:52:34,985 --> 00:52:39,056 Those pine beetles used to be killed by the cold winters, 827 00:52:39,056 --> 00:52:41,292 but there are fewer days of frost, 828 00:52:41,292 --> 00:52:44,061 and so the pine trees are being devastated. 829 00:52:44,061 --> 00:52:49,400 This is part of 14 million acres of spruce trees in Alaska 830 00:52:49,400 --> 00:52:53,571 that have been killed by bark beetles. The exact same phenomenon. 831 00:52:53,571 --> 00:52:56,040 There are cities that were founded 832 00:52:56,040 --> 00:52:58,909 because they were just above the mosquito line. 833 00:52:58,909 --> 00:53:02,880 Nairobi is one, Harare is another. There are plenty of others. 834 00:53:02,880 --> 00:53:07,184 Now the mosquitoes, with warming, are climbing to higher altitudes. 835 00:53:07,184 --> 00:53:11,756 There are a lot of vectors for infectious diseases that are worrisome to us 836 00:53:11,756 --> 00:53:13,891 that are also expanding their range. 837 00:53:13,891 --> 00:53:16,927 Not only mosquitoes, but all of these others as well. 838 00:53:16,927 --> 00:53:19,897 And we've had 30 so-called new diseases 839 00:53:19,897 --> 00:53:23,401 that have emerged just in the last quarter century. 840 00:53:23,401 --> 00:53:27,638 And a lot of them, like SARS, have caused tremendous problems. 841 00:53:27,638 --> 00:53:30,341 The resistant forms of tuberculosis. There are others. 842 00:53:30,341 --> 00:53:33,143 And there's been a re-emergence of some diseases 843 00:53:33,143 --> 00:53:35,145 that were once under control. 844 00:53:35,145 --> 00:53:40,785 The avian flu, of course, quite a serious matter, as you know. 845 00:53:40,785 --> 00:53:42,052 West Nile Virus. 846 00:53:42,052 --> 00:53:45,556 It came to the eastern shore of Maryland in 1999. 847 00:53:45,556 --> 00:53:47,892 Two years later, it was across the Mississippi. 848 00:53:47,892 --> 00:53:52,096 And two years after that, it had spread across the continent. 849 00:53:52,096 --> 00:53:54,499 But these are very troubling signs. 850 00:53:54,499 --> 00:53:56,834 Coral reefs all over the world, 851 00:53:56,834 --> 00:53:59,404 because of global warming and other factors, 852 00:53:59,404 --> 00:54:02,673 are bleaching and they end up like this. 853 00:54:02,673 --> 00:54:05,710 And all the fish species that depend on the coral reefs 854 00:54:05,710 --> 00:54:08,446 are also in jeopardy as a result. 855 00:54:08,446 --> 00:54:11,482 Overall, species loss is now occurring 856 00:54:11,482 --> 00:54:15,953 at a rate 1,000 times greater than the natural background rate. 857 00:54:15,953 --> 00:54:19,324 This brings me to the second canary in the coal mine. 858 00:54:19,324 --> 00:54:20,625 Antarctica. 859 00:54:20,625 --> 00:54:24,094 The largest mass of ice on the planet by far. 860 00:54:24,094 --> 00:54:26,897 A friend of mine said in 1978, 861 00:54:26,897 --> 00:54:30,835 "If you see the breakup of ice shelves along the Antarctic peninsula, 862 00:54:30,835 --> 00:54:32,303 "watch out, 863 00:54:32,303 --> 00:54:36,607 "because that should be seen as an alarm bell for global warming." 864 00:54:36,607 --> 00:54:39,877 And actually, if you look at the peninsula up close, 865 00:54:39,877 --> 00:54:44,615 every place where you see one of these green blotches here 866 00:54:44,615 --> 00:54:48,052 is an ice shelf larger than the state of Rhode Island 867 00:54:48,052 --> 00:54:51,889 that has broken up just in the last 15 to 20 years. 868 00:54:51,889 --> 00:54:54,224 I want to focus on just one of them. 869 00:54:54,224 --> 00:54:55,726 It's called Larsen B. 870 00:54:55,726 --> 00:54:59,630 I want you to look at these black pools here. 871 00:54:59,630 --> 00:55:03,300 It makes it seem almost as if we're looking through the ice 872 00:55:03,300 --> 00:55:06,571 to the ocean beneath. But that's an illusion. 873 00:55:06,571 --> 00:55:10,375 This is melting water that forms in pools, 874 00:55:10,375 --> 00:55:12,877 and if you were flying over it in a helicopter, 875 00:55:12,877 --> 00:55:15,580 you'd see it's 700 feet tall. 876 00:55:15,580 --> 00:55:19,917 They are so majestic, so massive. 877 00:55:19,917 --> 00:55:23,087 In the distance are the mountains and just before the mountains 878 00:55:23,087 --> 00:55:26,491 is the shelf of the continent, there. 879 00:55:27,392 --> 00:55:29,326 This is floating ice, 880 00:55:29,326 --> 00:55:34,064 and there's land-based ice on the down slope of those mountains. 881 00:55:34,064 --> 00:55:39,269 From here to the mountains is about 20 to 25 miles. 882 00:55:39,269 --> 00:55:42,640 Now they thought this would be stable for at least 100 years, 883 00:55:42,640 --> 00:55:44,642 even with global warming. 884 00:55:44,642 --> 00:55:47,778 The scientists who study these ice shelves 885 00:55:48,746 --> 00:55:50,815 were absolutely astonished 886 00:55:50,815 --> 00:55:53,183 when they were looking at these images. 887 00:55:53,183 --> 00:55:55,986 Starting on January 31, 2002 888 00:55:55,986 --> 00:55:58,656 in a period of 35 days, 889 00:55:58,656 --> 00:56:02,192 this ice shelf completely disappeared. 890 00:56:02,192 --> 00:56:07,865 They could not figure out how in the world this happened so rapidly. 891 00:56:07,865 --> 00:56:12,570 And they went back to try to figure out where they'd gone wrong. 892 00:56:12,570 --> 00:56:17,442 And that's when they focused on those pools of melting water. 893 00:56:17,442 --> 00:56:20,711 But even before they could figure out what had happened there, 894 00:56:20,711 --> 00:56:23,180 something else started going wrong. 895 00:56:23,180 --> 00:56:25,816 When the floating sea-based ice cracked up, 896 00:56:25,816 --> 00:56:28,786 it no longer held back the ice on the land, 897 00:56:28,786 --> 00:56:32,289 and the land-based ice then started falling into the ocean. 898 00:56:32,289 --> 00:56:34,525 It was like letting the cork out of a bottle. 899 00:56:34,525 --> 00:56:38,362 And there's a difference between floating ice and land-based ice. 900 00:56:38,362 --> 00:56:42,266 That's like the difference between an ice cube floating in a glass of water, 901 00:56:42,266 --> 00:56:46,036 which when it melts doesn't raise the level of water in the glass, 902 00:56:46,036 --> 00:56:49,006 and a cube that's sitting atop a stack of ice cubes 903 00:56:49,006 --> 00:56:52,009 which melts and flows over the edge. 904 00:56:52,009 --> 00:56:55,646 That's why the citizens of these Pacific nations 905 00:56:55,646 --> 00:56:59,450 have all had to evacuate to New Zealand. 906 00:56:59,450 --> 00:57:01,752 But I want to focus on West Antarctica 907 00:57:01,752 --> 00:57:06,924 because it illustrates two factors about land-based ice and sea-based ice. 908 00:57:06,924 --> 00:57:10,661 It's a little of both. It's propped up on tops of islands, 909 00:57:10,661 --> 00:57:13,898 but the ocean comes up underneath it. 910 00:57:13,898 --> 00:57:17,535 So as the ocean gets warmer, it has an impact on it. 911 00:57:17,535 --> 00:57:19,870 If this were to--to go, 912 00:57:19,870 --> 00:57:23,273 sea level worldwide would go up 20 feet. 913 00:57:23,273 --> 00:57:27,778 They've measured disturbing changes on the underside of this ice sheet. 914 00:57:27,778 --> 00:57:31,782 It's considered relatively more stable, however, 915 00:57:31,782 --> 00:57:36,020 than another big body of ice that's roughly the same size. 916 00:57:36,020 --> 00:57:40,625 Greenland would also raise sea level almost 20 feet 917 00:57:40,625 --> 00:57:42,092 if it went. 918 00:57:42,092 --> 00:57:44,795 A friend of mine just brought back some pictures 919 00:57:44,795 --> 00:57:47,598 of what's going on on Greenland right now. 920 00:57:47,598 --> 00:57:52,069 Dramatic changes. These are the same kinds of pools 921 00:57:52,069 --> 00:57:56,206 that formed here, on this ice shelf in Antarctica. 922 00:57:56,206 --> 00:57:58,175 And the scientists thought 923 00:57:58,175 --> 00:58:03,013 that when that water seeped back into the ice, it would just refreeze. 924 00:58:03,013 --> 00:58:06,116 But they found out that actually what happens 925 00:58:06,116 --> 00:58:09,854 is that it just keeps on going. It tunnels to the bottom 926 00:58:09,854 --> 00:58:12,523 and makes the ice like Swiss cheese, 927 00:58:12,523 --> 00:58:14,324 sort of like termites. 928 00:58:14,324 --> 00:58:17,094 This shows what happens to the crevasses, 929 00:58:17,094 --> 00:58:21,999 and when lakes form, they create what are called moulins. 930 00:58:21,999 --> 00:58:23,868 The water goes down to the bottom 931 00:58:23,868 --> 00:58:27,738 and it lubricates where the ice meets the bedrock. 932 00:58:27,738 --> 00:58:30,140 See these people here for scale. 933 00:58:30,140 --> 00:58:32,109 This is not on the edge of Greenland, 934 00:58:32,109 --> 00:58:34,545 this is in the middle of the ice mass. 935 00:58:34,545 --> 00:58:38,148 This is a massive rushing torrent 936 00:58:38,148 --> 00:58:40,084 of fresh melt water 937 00:58:40,084 --> 00:58:43,688 tunneling straight down through the Greenland ice 938 00:58:43,688 --> 00:58:45,522 to the bedrock below. 939 00:58:45,522 --> 00:58:50,828 Now, to some extent, there has always been seasonal melting 940 00:58:50,828 --> 00:58:55,232 and moulins have formed in the past, but not like now. 941 00:58:55,232 --> 00:58:59,837 In 1992, they measured this amount of melting in Greenland. 942 00:58:59,837 --> 00:59:02,740 Ten years later, this is what happened. 943 00:59:02,740 --> 00:59:06,543 And here is the melting from 2005. 944 00:59:06,543 --> 00:59:09,880 Tony Blair's scientific advisor has said that 945 00:59:09,880 --> 00:59:12,883 because of what's happening in Greenland right now, 946 00:59:12,883 --> 00:59:16,086 the maps of the world will have to be redrawn. 947 00:59:16,086 --> 00:59:19,323 If Greenland broke up and melted, 948 00:59:19,323 --> 00:59:23,594 or if half of Greenland and half of West Antarctica 949 00:59:23,594 --> 00:59:25,095 broke up and melted, 950 00:59:25,095 --> 00:59:28,733 this is what would happen to the sea level in Florida. 951 00:59:33,838 --> 00:59:36,741 This is what would happen to San Francisco Bay. 952 00:59:38,609 --> 00:59:41,812 A lot of people live in these areas. 953 00:59:41,812 --> 00:59:45,049 The Netherlands, one of the low countries. 954 00:59:46,784 --> 00:59:48,786 Absolutely devastating. 955 00:59:48,786 --> 00:59:53,123 The area around Beijing that's home to tens of millions of people. 956 00:59:54,992 --> 00:59:58,528 Even worse, in the area around Shanghai, 957 00:59:58,528 --> 01:00:00,831 there are 40 million people. 958 01:00:02,532 --> 01:00:07,137 Worse still, Calcutta, and to the east, Bangladesh, 959 01:00:07,137 --> 01:00:11,108 the area covered includes 60 million people. 960 01:00:11,108 --> 01:00:16,280 Think of the impact of a couple hundred thousand refugees 961 01:00:16,280 --> 01:00:19,349 when they're displaced by an environmental event. 962 01:00:19,349 --> 01:00:23,988 And then imagine the impact of a hundred million or more. 963 01:00:25,289 --> 01:00:27,725 Here's Manhattan. 964 01:00:27,725 --> 01:00:30,661 This is the World Trade Center memorial site. 965 01:00:31,696 --> 01:00:35,132 And after the horrible events of 9/11, 966 01:00:36,834 --> 01:00:39,737 we said, "Never again." 967 01:00:39,737 --> 01:00:42,406 But this is what would happen to Manhattan. 968 01:00:47,778 --> 01:00:49,947 They can measure this precisely, 969 01:00:49,947 --> 01:00:52,983 just as the scientists could predict precisely 970 01:00:52,983 --> 01:00:56,954 how much water would breach the levees in New Orleans. 971 01:00:56,954 --> 01:01:02,359 The area where the World Trade Center Memorial is to be located 972 01:01:02,359 --> 01:01:05,029 would be underwater. 973 01:01:05,029 --> 01:01:10,667 Is it possible that we should prepare against other threats besides terrorists? 974 01:01:10,667 --> 01:01:14,772 Maybe we should be concerned about other problems as well. 975 01:01:21,946 --> 01:01:24,314 1.3 billion people. 976 01:01:26,250 --> 01:01:28,719 An economy that's surging. 977 01:01:30,755 --> 01:01:33,457 More and more energy needs. 978 01:01:33,457 --> 01:01:36,827 Massive coal reserves. 979 01:01:36,827 --> 01:01:40,564 The coal belt in Northern China, 980 01:01:40,564 --> 01:01:43,333 er, Inner Mongolia. Right. 981 01:01:43,333 --> 01:01:46,336 Then there's Shaanxi province. Uh-huh. 982 01:01:46,336 --> 01:01:50,307 And also biggest coal mine here. Up here. 983 01:01:50,307 --> 01:01:52,709 Yeah. Now, is that an open pit mine? 984 01:01:52,709 --> 01:01:54,311 Yes. Yes. 985 01:01:54,311 --> 01:01:56,981 GORE: Every time I've visited China, 986 01:01:56,981 --> 01:02:01,218 I've learned from their scientists. They're right on the cutting edge. 987 01:02:01,218 --> 01:02:04,054 Give me some sense of the numbers of 988 01:02:04,054 --> 01:02:07,124 new coal fire generating plants. 989 01:02:07,124 --> 01:02:09,927 Well, I have to say that the number is enormous 990 01:02:09,927 --> 01:02:11,996 because it's so profitable. 991 01:02:11,996 --> 01:02:17,968 GORE: This issue is really the same for China as it is for the US. 992 01:02:17,968 --> 01:02:22,807 We are both using old technologies that are dirty and polluting. 993 01:02:22,807 --> 01:02:24,274 ...more flooding and more drought 994 01:02:24,274 --> 01:02:26,777 and stronger storms is going up, 995 01:02:26,777 --> 01:02:29,513 and global warming is implicated in the pattern. 996 01:02:29,513 --> 01:02:33,517 And if you were to give some suggestions to everybody here 997 01:02:33,517 --> 01:02:37,888 about, like, what we can do for the, um, situation now. 998 01:02:37,888 --> 01:02:41,758 Separating the truth from the fiction 999 01:02:41,758 --> 01:02:46,530 and the accurate connections from the misunderstandings 1000 01:02:46,530 --> 01:02:49,733 is part of what you learn here. 1001 01:02:49,733 --> 01:02:55,372 But when the warnings are accurate and based on sound science, 1002 01:02:55,372 --> 01:02:59,109 then we as human beings, whatever country we live in, 1003 01:02:59,109 --> 01:03:01,411 have to find a way to make sure 1004 01:03:01,411 --> 01:03:05,415 that the warnings are heard and responded to. 1005 01:03:12,656 --> 01:03:17,427 We both have a hard time shaking loose the familiar patterns 1006 01:03:17,427 --> 01:03:19,696 that we've relied on in the past. 1007 01:03:19,696 --> 01:03:25,069 We both face completely unacceptable consequences. 1008 01:03:25,069 --> 01:03:27,037 (FLASHBULBS POPPING) 1009 01:03:28,638 --> 01:03:30,807 (PEOPLE CHEERING) 1010 01:03:32,910 --> 01:03:35,712 (READING) 1011 01:03:35,712 --> 01:03:39,049 And there are three factors that are causing this collision, 1012 01:03:39,049 --> 01:03:41,085 and the first is population. 1013 01:03:41,085 --> 01:03:45,655 When my generation, the baby boom generation, was born after World War II, 1014 01:03:45,655 --> 01:03:48,859 the population had just crossed the two billion mark. 1015 01:03:50,260 --> 01:03:52,662 Now, I'm in my 50s, 1016 01:03:52,662 --> 01:03:57,001 and it's already gone to almost six and a half billion. 1017 01:03:57,001 --> 01:04:02,372 And if I reach the demographic expectation for the baby boomers, 1018 01:04:02,372 --> 01:04:04,708 it'll go over nine billion. 1019 01:04:04,708 --> 01:04:09,779 So if it takes 10,000 generations to reach two billion 1020 01:04:09,779 --> 01:04:12,950 and then in one human lifetime, ours, 1021 01:04:12,950 --> 01:04:16,186 it goes from two billion to nine billion, 1022 01:04:16,186 --> 01:04:19,456 something profoundly different's going on right now. 1023 01:04:19,456 --> 01:04:22,226 We're putting more pressure on the earth. 1024 01:04:22,226 --> 01:04:25,329 Most of it's in the poorer nations of the world. 1025 01:04:25,329 --> 01:04:28,165 This puts pressure on food demand. 1026 01:04:28,165 --> 01:04:30,467 It puts pressure on water demand. 1027 01:04:30,467 --> 01:04:33,703 It puts pressure on vulnerable natural resources, 1028 01:04:33,703 --> 01:04:35,539 and this pressure's one of the reasons 1029 01:04:35,539 --> 01:04:38,842 why we have seen all the devastation of the forest, 1030 01:04:38,842 --> 01:04:41,011 not only tropical, but elsewhere. 1031 01:04:41,011 --> 01:04:42,879 It is a political issue. 1032 01:04:42,879 --> 01:04:47,551 This is the border between Haiti and the Dominican Republic. 1033 01:04:47,551 --> 01:04:51,956 One set of policies here, another set of policies here. 1034 01:04:51,956 --> 01:04:56,226 Much of it comes not only because of cutting, but--but also burning. 1035 01:04:56,226 --> 01:05:00,130 Almost 30 percent of all the CO2 that goes up each year into the atmosphere 1036 01:05:00,130 --> 01:05:02,732 comes from forest burning. 1037 01:05:02,732 --> 01:05:07,104 This is a time-lapse picture of the earth at night over a six-month period 1038 01:05:07,104 --> 01:05:09,406 showing the lights of the cities in white 1039 01:05:09,406 --> 01:05:11,908 and the burning forests and brush fires in red. 1040 01:05:11,908 --> 01:05:15,946 The yellow areas are the gas flares, like these in Siberia. 1041 01:05:15,946 --> 01:05:17,581 And that brings me to the second factor 1042 01:05:17,581 --> 01:05:20,484 that has transformed our relationship to the earth. 1043 01:05:20,484 --> 01:05:25,122 The scientific and technological revolution is a great blessing, 1044 01:05:25,122 --> 01:05:27,924 in that it has given us tremendous benefits 1045 01:05:27,924 --> 01:05:30,961 in areas like medicine and communications. 1046 01:05:30,961 --> 01:05:35,232 But this new power that we have also brings a responsibility 1047 01:05:35,232 --> 01:05:37,001 to think about its consequences. 1048 01:05:37,001 --> 01:05:38,502 Here's a formula to think about. 1049 01:05:38,502 --> 01:05:42,739 Old habits plus old technology have predictable consequences. 1050 01:05:42,739 --> 01:05:47,277 Old habits that are hard to change plus new technology 1051 01:05:47,277 --> 01:05:50,280 can have dramatically altered consequences. 1052 01:05:50,280 --> 01:05:53,550 Warfare with spears and bows and arrows 1053 01:05:53,550 --> 01:05:58,022 and rifles and machine guns, that's one thing. 1054 01:05:58,022 --> 01:06:00,290 But then a new technology came. 1055 01:06:00,290 --> 01:06:01,992 (EXPLOSION RUMBLING) 1056 01:06:08,065 --> 01:06:11,501 We have to think differently about war 1057 01:06:11,501 --> 01:06:15,572 because the new technologies so completely transformed 1058 01:06:15,572 --> 01:06:18,208 the consequences of that old habit 1059 01:06:18,208 --> 01:06:23,747 that we can't just mindlessly continue the patterns of the past. 1060 01:06:23,747 --> 01:06:28,752 In the same way, we have always exploited the earth for sustenance. 1061 01:06:28,752 --> 01:06:33,023 For most of our existence, we used relatively simple tools. 1062 01:06:33,023 --> 01:06:35,892 The plow, the tractor. 1063 01:06:35,892 --> 01:06:39,596 But even tools like shovels are different now. 1064 01:06:39,596 --> 01:06:41,698 Shovel used to be this. 1065 01:06:41,698 --> 01:06:43,567 Shovels have gotten bigger. 1066 01:06:43,567 --> 01:06:46,336 And every year, they get more powerful. 1067 01:06:46,336 --> 01:06:51,308 So our ability to have an effect, in this case on the surface of the earth, 1068 01:06:51,308 --> 01:06:53,310 is utterly transformed. 1069 01:06:53,310 --> 01:06:57,847 You can say, uh, the same thing about irrigation, which is a great thing. 1070 01:06:57,847 --> 01:07:02,386 But when we divert rivers without considering the consequences, 1071 01:07:02,386 --> 01:07:06,423 then sometimes rivers no longer reach the sea. 1072 01:07:06,423 --> 01:07:08,358 There were two rivers in Central Asia 1073 01:07:08,358 --> 01:07:13,897 that were used by the former Soviet Union for irrigating cotton fields unwisely. 1074 01:07:13,897 --> 01:07:16,066 The Aral Sea was fed by them. 1075 01:07:16,066 --> 01:07:19,169 It used to be the fourth largest inland sea in the world. 1076 01:07:19,169 --> 01:07:22,372 When I went there, I saw this strange sight 1077 01:07:22,372 --> 01:07:26,943 of an enormous fishing fleet resting in the sand. 1078 01:07:26,943 --> 01:07:32,048 This is the canal that the fishing industry desperately tried to build 1079 01:07:32,048 --> 01:07:34,318 to get to the receding shoreline. 1080 01:07:34,318 --> 01:07:37,287 Making mistakes in our dealings with nature can have 1081 01:07:37,287 --> 01:07:39,123 bigger consequences now 1082 01:07:39,123 --> 01:07:43,093 because our technologies are often bigger than the human scale. 1083 01:07:43,093 --> 01:07:47,331 When you put them all together, they've made us a force of nature. 1084 01:07:47,331 --> 01:07:50,134 And this is also a political issue. 1085 01:07:50,134 --> 01:07:52,369 This is a computer map of the world 1086 01:07:52,369 --> 01:07:57,374 that distorts to show the relative contributions to global warming. 1087 01:07:57,374 --> 01:08:01,478 In our country, we are responsible for more than all of South America, 1088 01:08:01,478 --> 01:08:04,181 all of Africa, all of the Middle East, 1089 01:08:04,181 --> 01:08:07,317 all of Asia, all combined. 1090 01:08:07,317 --> 01:08:12,456 The per capita average in Africa, India, China, Japan, EU, Russia. 1091 01:08:12,456 --> 01:08:15,525 There's where we are. Way, way above everyone else. 1092 01:08:15,525 --> 01:08:19,729 If you take population into account, it's a little bit different. 1093 01:08:19,729 --> 01:08:22,799 China's playing a bigger role, so is Europe. 1094 01:08:22,799 --> 01:08:26,836 But we are still by all odds the largest contributor. 1095 01:08:26,836 --> 01:08:30,540 And so it is up to us to look at how we think about it, 1096 01:08:30,540 --> 01:08:33,343 because our way of thinking is the third and final factor 1097 01:08:33,343 --> 01:08:35,979 that transforms our relationship to the earth. 1098 01:08:35,979 --> 01:08:40,550 (CROAKING) If a frog jumps into, uh, a pot of boiling water, 1099 01:08:40,550 --> 01:08:44,154 it jumps right out again because it senses the danger. 1100 01:08:44,154 --> 01:08:46,423 But the very same frog, 1101 01:08:46,423 --> 01:08:49,793 if it jumps into a pot of lukewarm water 1102 01:08:49,793 --> 01:08:52,362 that is slowly brought to a boil, 1103 01:08:52,362 --> 01:08:55,365 will just sit there and it won't move. 1104 01:08:55,365 --> 01:08:59,969 It'll just sit there, even as the temperature continues to go up and up. 1105 01:08:59,969 --> 01:09:05,709 It'll stay there, until... Until it's rescued. 1106 01:09:05,709 --> 01:09:08,645 (LAUGHTER) It's important to rescue the frog. 1107 01:09:08,645 --> 01:09:09,879 (APPLAUSE) 1108 01:09:12,015 --> 01:09:14,017 But the point is this. 1109 01:09:14,017 --> 01:09:17,554 Our collective nervous system is like that frog's nervous system. 1110 01:09:17,554 --> 01:09:22,158 It takes a sudden jolt sometimes before we become aware of a danger. 1111 01:09:22,158 --> 01:09:25,395 If it seems gradual, even if it really is happening quickly, 1112 01:09:25,395 --> 01:09:30,934 we're capable of just sitting there and not responding. 1113 01:09:30,934 --> 01:09:32,536 And not reacting. 1114 01:09:37,006 --> 01:09:40,910 I don't remember a time when I was a kid 1115 01:09:40,910 --> 01:09:45,114 when summertime didn't mean working with tobacco. 1116 01:09:45,114 --> 01:09:48,718 It was just... I used to love it. It was during that period 1117 01:09:48,718 --> 01:09:52,856 when working with the guys on the farm 1118 01:09:52,856 --> 01:09:55,859 seemed like fun to me. 1119 01:09:55,859 --> 01:10:00,730 Starting in 1964, with the Surgeon General's report, 1120 01:10:02,332 --> 01:10:04,701 the evidence was laid out on the connection 1121 01:10:04,701 --> 01:10:08,972 between smoking cigarettes and lung cancer. 1122 01:10:12,342 --> 01:10:14,444 We kept growing tobacco. 1123 01:10:18,081 --> 01:10:22,619 Nancy was, uh, almost 10 years older than me, 1124 01:10:22,619 --> 01:10:25,489 and there were only the two of us. 1125 01:10:27,324 --> 01:10:29,693 She was my protector 1126 01:10:29,693 --> 01:10:33,497 and my friend at the same time. 1127 01:10:35,665 --> 01:10:39,603 She started smoking when she was a teenager 1128 01:10:39,603 --> 01:10:43,006 and, uh, never stopped. 1129 01:10:44,741 --> 01:10:46,876 She died of lung cancer. 1130 01:10:50,847 --> 01:10:53,683 That's one of the ways you don't want to die. 1131 01:10:56,720 --> 01:11:00,290 The idea that, uh, we had been 1132 01:11:01,758 --> 01:11:04,361 part of that economic pattern 1133 01:11:04,361 --> 01:11:07,331 that produced the cigarettes, 1134 01:11:07,331 --> 01:11:10,534 that produced the cancer, 1135 01:11:10,534 --> 01:11:13,437 it was so... 1136 01:11:13,437 --> 01:11:18,107 It was so painful on so many levels. 1137 01:11:18,107 --> 01:11:23,313 My father, he had grown tobacco all his life. He stopped. 1138 01:11:25,615 --> 01:11:29,419 Whatever explanation 1139 01:11:29,419 --> 01:11:33,523 had seemed to make sense in the past, just didn't cut it anymore. 1140 01:11:35,124 --> 01:11:36,726 He stopped it. 1141 01:11:43,833 --> 01:11:49,639 It's just human nature to take time to connect the dots. I know that. 1142 01:11:49,639 --> 01:11:55,345 But I also know that there can be a day of reckoning 1143 01:11:55,345 --> 01:12:00,049 when you wish you had connected the dots more quickly. 1144 01:12:08,224 --> 01:12:11,861 There are three misconceptions in particular that bedevil our thinking. 1145 01:12:11,861 --> 01:12:13,797 First, isn't there a disagreement among scientists 1146 01:12:13,797 --> 01:12:16,466 about whether the problem is real or not? 1147 01:12:16,466 --> 01:12:18,968 Actually, not really. 1148 01:12:18,968 --> 01:12:22,572 There was a massive study of every scientific article 1149 01:12:22,572 --> 01:12:27,777 in a peer-reviewed journal written on global warming for the last 10 years. 1150 01:12:27,777 --> 01:12:32,482 And they took a big sample of 10 percent, 928 articles. 1151 01:12:32,482 --> 01:12:36,653 And you know the number of those that disagreed with the scientific consensus 1152 01:12:36,653 --> 01:12:40,557 that we're causing global warming and that it's a serious problem? 1153 01:12:40,557 --> 01:12:43,993 Out of the 928, zero. 1154 01:12:43,993 --> 01:12:47,531 The misconception that there's disagreement about the science 1155 01:12:47,531 --> 01:12:52,135 has been deliberately created by a relatively small group of people. 1156 01:12:52,135 --> 01:12:54,904 One of their internal memos leaked. 1157 01:12:54,904 --> 01:12:57,974 And here's, uh, what it said, according to the press. 1158 01:12:57,974 --> 01:13:02,111 Their objective is to reposition global warming 1159 01:13:02,111 --> 01:13:04,047 as theory rather than fact. 1160 01:13:05,214 --> 01:13:06,916 This has happened before. 1161 01:13:06,916 --> 01:13:09,385 (LAUGHTER) 1162 01:13:09,385 --> 01:13:13,156 After the Surgeon General's report. 1163 01:13:13,156 --> 01:13:16,259 One of their memos leaked 40 years ago. Here's what they said. 1164 01:13:16,259 --> 01:13:18,394 "Doubt is our product, 1165 01:13:18,394 --> 01:13:24,100 "since it is the best means of creating a controversy in the public's mind." 1166 01:13:24,100 --> 01:13:25,569 But have they succeeded? 1167 01:13:25,569 --> 01:13:29,806 You'll remember that there were 928 peer-reviewed articles. 1168 01:13:29,806 --> 01:13:32,676 Zero percent disagreed with the consensus. 1169 01:13:32,676 --> 01:13:36,412 There was another study of all the articles in the popular press. 1170 01:13:36,412 --> 01:13:40,484 Over the last 14 years, they looked at a sample of 636. 1171 01:13:40,484 --> 01:13:42,519 More than half of them said, 1172 01:13:42,519 --> 01:13:47,056 "Well, we're not sure. It could be a problem, may not be a problem." 1173 01:13:47,056 --> 01:13:49,793 So no wonder people are confused. 1174 01:13:54,631 --> 01:13:56,165 (TELEPHONE RINGING) 1175 01:13:59,235 --> 01:14:01,337 Hey. 1176 01:14:01,337 --> 01:14:02,806 What did you find out? 1177 01:14:05,241 --> 01:14:06,910 Working for who? 1178 01:14:09,979 --> 01:14:11,280 Chief of Staff? 1179 01:14:11,280 --> 01:14:12,616 I'm gonna... 1180 01:14:12,616 --> 01:14:14,784 That's the White House environment office. 1181 01:14:14,784 --> 01:14:18,354 American Petroleum Institute. It's fair to say that's oil and-- 1182 01:14:18,354 --> 01:14:20,023 and the oil and gas lobby. 1183 01:14:21,257 --> 01:14:23,126 Is that fair? 1184 01:14:23,126 --> 01:14:25,562 Totally fair. 1185 01:14:25,562 --> 01:14:30,734 Do a little bit more and see, uh, who his clients were? 1186 01:14:30,734 --> 01:14:34,003 So he was defending the Exxon Valdez thing. 1187 01:14:34,003 --> 01:14:35,104 Mmm-hmm. 1188 01:14:35,104 --> 01:14:36,906 Uh, very. Thank you. 1189 01:14:39,275 --> 01:14:44,080 GORE: Scientists have an independent obligation 1190 01:14:44,080 --> 01:14:47,717 to respect and present the truth as they see it. 1191 01:14:49,986 --> 01:14:55,358 Why do you directly contradict yourself 1192 01:14:55,358 --> 01:14:59,495 in the testimony you're giving about this scientific question? 1193 01:14:59,495 --> 01:15:03,567 The last paragraph in that section was not a paragraph which I wrote. 1194 01:15:03,567 --> 01:15:05,334 That was added to my testimony. 1195 01:15:05,334 --> 01:15:09,072 If they force you to change a scientific conclusion, 1196 01:15:09,072 --> 01:15:12,241 it's a form of science fraud by them. 1197 01:15:12,241 --> 01:15:15,478 You know, in the Soviet Union, ordering scientists 1198 01:15:15,478 --> 01:15:19,716 to change their studies to conform with the ideology... 1199 01:15:23,987 --> 01:15:26,623 GORE: I've seen scientists 1200 01:15:26,623 --> 01:15:29,726 who were persecuted, 1201 01:15:30,627 --> 01:15:32,896 ridiculed, 1202 01:15:32,896 --> 01:15:38,001 deprived of, uh, jobs, income, 1203 01:15:39,402 --> 01:15:43,272 simply because the facts they discovered 1204 01:15:43,272 --> 01:15:46,776 led them to an inconvenient truth 1205 01:15:50,079 --> 01:15:52,782 that they insisted on telling. 1206 01:15:56,252 --> 01:15:59,923 He worked for the American Petroleum Institute. 1207 01:15:59,923 --> 01:16:01,658 And in January of 2001, 1208 01:16:01,658 --> 01:16:05,795 he was put by the president in charge of environmental policy. 1209 01:16:07,430 --> 01:16:10,667 He received a memo from the EPA 1210 01:16:10,667 --> 01:16:14,103 that warned about global warming 1211 01:16:14,103 --> 01:16:18,241 and he edited. He has no scientific training whatsoever. 1212 01:16:18,241 --> 01:16:21,210 But he took it upon himself to overrule the scientist. 1213 01:16:21,210 --> 01:16:24,413 I said, "I want to see what this guy's handwriting looks like." 1214 01:16:24,413 --> 01:16:28,618 This is the memo from the EPA. These are his actual pen strokes. 1215 01:16:28,618 --> 01:16:32,689 He says, "No, you can't say this. This is just speculation." 1216 01:16:32,689 --> 01:16:35,258 This was embarrassing to the White House, 1217 01:16:35,258 --> 01:16:39,028 so this fellow resigned a few days later. 1218 01:16:39,028 --> 01:16:44,367 And the day after he resigned, he went to work for Exxon Mobil. 1219 01:16:44,367 --> 01:16:47,503 You know, more than 100 years ago, Upton Sinclair wrote this. 1220 01:16:47,503 --> 01:16:51,074 That it's difficult to get a man to understand something 1221 01:16:51,074 --> 01:16:55,144 if his salary depends upon his not understanding it. 1222 01:17:02,385 --> 01:17:04,187 The second misconception. 1223 01:17:04,187 --> 01:17:06,823 Do we have to choose between the economy and the environment? 1224 01:17:06,823 --> 01:17:08,524 This is a big one. 1225 01:17:08,524 --> 01:17:10,493 Lot of people say we do. 1226 01:17:10,493 --> 01:17:13,963 I was trying to convince, uh, the previous administration, 1227 01:17:13,963 --> 01:17:17,033 the first Bush administration, to go to the Earth Summit. 1228 01:17:17,033 --> 01:17:19,135 And they organized a big White House conference 1229 01:17:19,135 --> 01:17:21,070 to say, "Oh, we're on top of this." 1230 01:17:21,070 --> 01:17:23,039 And one of these view graphs caught my attention. 1231 01:17:23,039 --> 01:17:25,008 And I want to talk to you about it for a minute. 1232 01:17:25,008 --> 01:17:28,745 Now here is, uh, the choice that we have to make 1233 01:17:28,745 --> 01:17:30,513 according to this group. 1234 01:17:30,513 --> 01:17:35,685 We have here a--a scale that balances two different things. 1235 01:17:35,685 --> 01:17:39,288 On one side, we have gold bars. 1236 01:17:39,288 --> 01:17:42,926 Mmm. Mmm. Mmm. 1237 01:17:42,926 --> 01:17:45,161 Don't they look good? 1238 01:17:45,161 --> 01:17:48,698 I'd just like to have some of those gold bars. 1239 01:17:48,698 --> 01:17:50,867 Mmm. Mmm. 1240 01:17:50,867 --> 01:17:56,005 On--On the other side of the scales, uh, the entire planet. 1241 01:18:00,543 --> 01:18:03,913 Hmm. Hmm. 1242 01:18:07,951 --> 01:18:08,952 Hmm. 1243 01:18:10,153 --> 01:18:13,857 I think this is a false choice for two reasons. 1244 01:18:13,857 --> 01:18:17,693 Number one, if we don't have a planet... 1245 01:18:17,693 --> 01:18:19,095 (LAUGHTER) 1246 01:18:21,030 --> 01:18:25,034 The other reason is that if we do the right thing, 1247 01:18:25,034 --> 01:18:27,236 then we're gonna create a lot of wealth 1248 01:18:27,236 --> 01:18:29,638 and we're gonna create a lot of jobs. WOMAN: Yes. 1249 01:18:29,638 --> 01:18:33,242 Because doing the right thing moves us forward. 1250 01:18:37,646 --> 01:18:42,251 I've probably given this slide show 1,000 times. 1251 01:18:47,957 --> 01:18:51,494 I would say, at least 1,000 times. 1252 01:18:51,494 --> 01:18:55,098 Nashville to Knoxville to Aspen and Sundance. 1253 01:18:55,098 --> 01:18:59,769 Los Angeles and San Francisco. Portland, Minneapolis. 1254 01:18:59,769 --> 01:19:04,974 Boston, New Haven, London, Brussels, Stockholm, Helsinki, 1255 01:19:04,974 --> 01:19:08,244 Vienna, Munich, Italy and Spain 1256 01:19:08,244 --> 01:19:11,314 and China, South Korea, Japan. 1257 01:19:13,349 --> 01:19:15,518 Thank you. 1258 01:19:15,518 --> 01:19:19,923 I guess the thing I've spent more time on than anything else in this slide show 1259 01:19:19,923 --> 01:19:22,625 is trying to identify 1260 01:19:22,625 --> 01:19:25,862 all those things in people's minds 1261 01:19:25,862 --> 01:19:31,100 that serve as obstacles to them understanding this. 1262 01:19:32,836 --> 01:19:37,373 A-And whenever I feel like I've identified an obstacle, 1263 01:19:37,373 --> 01:19:41,110 I try to take it apart, roll it away. Move it. 1264 01:19:42,211 --> 01:19:44,413 Demolish it, blow it up. 1265 01:19:52,755 --> 01:19:55,024 I set myself a goal. 1266 01:19:57,293 --> 01:20:00,930 Communicate this real clearly. 1267 01:20:01,965 --> 01:20:05,668 The only way I know to do it 1268 01:20:05,668 --> 01:20:07,503 is city by city, 1269 01:20:13,042 --> 01:20:15,011 person by person, 1270 01:20:19,815 --> 01:20:21,951 family by family. 1271 01:20:25,588 --> 01:20:27,590 GORE: Bye-bye. Thank you again. WOMAN: Bye. 1272 01:20:27,590 --> 01:20:30,726 GORE: And I have faith that pretty soon 1273 01:20:30,726 --> 01:20:33,129 enough minds are changed 1274 01:20:34,130 --> 01:20:37,166 that we cross a--a threshold. 1275 01:20:38,935 --> 01:20:40,503 Let me give you an example 1276 01:20:40,503 --> 01:20:43,907 of the wrong way to balance the economy and the environment. 1277 01:20:43,907 --> 01:20:46,275 One part of this issue involves automobiles. 1278 01:20:46,275 --> 01:20:49,012 Japan has mileage standards up here. 1279 01:20:49,012 --> 01:20:51,447 Europe plans to pass Japan. 1280 01:20:51,447 --> 01:20:56,585 Our allies in Australia and Canada are leaving us behind. 1281 01:20:56,585 --> 01:20:58,387 Here is where we are. 1282 01:21:00,389 --> 01:21:02,125 Now there's a reason for it. 1283 01:21:02,125 --> 01:21:05,895 They say that we can't protect the environment too much 1284 01:21:05,895 --> 01:21:09,132 without threatening the economy and threatening the automakers. 1285 01:21:09,132 --> 01:21:13,736 Because automakers in China might come in and just steal all our markets. 1286 01:21:13,736 --> 01:21:18,908 Well, here is where China's auto mileage standards are now. 1287 01:21:19,943 --> 01:21:21,177 Way above ours. 1288 01:21:21,177 --> 01:21:24,113 We can't sell our cars in China today 1289 01:21:24,113 --> 01:21:28,184 because we don't meet the Chinese environmental standards. 1290 01:21:29,252 --> 01:21:32,288 California has, uh, taken an initiative 1291 01:21:32,288 --> 01:21:36,625 to have higher-mileage cars sold in California. 1292 01:21:36,625 --> 01:21:40,063 Now the auto companies have sued California 1293 01:21:40,063 --> 01:21:42,531 to prevent this law from taking effect 1294 01:21:42,531 --> 01:21:46,669 because, as they point out, 11 years from now 1295 01:21:46,669 --> 01:21:51,074 this would mean that California would have to have cars for sale 1296 01:21:51,074 --> 01:21:54,010 that are as efficient 11 years from now 1297 01:21:54,010 --> 01:21:55,711 as China's are today. 1298 01:21:55,711 --> 01:21:59,949 Clearly too onerous a provision to comply with. 1299 01:21:59,949 --> 01:22:02,485 And is this helping our companies succeed? 1300 01:22:02,485 --> 01:22:05,821 Well, actually, if you look at who's doing well in the world, 1301 01:22:05,821 --> 01:22:09,558 it's the companies that are building more-efficient cars. 1302 01:22:09,558 --> 01:22:12,595 And our companies are in deep trouble. 1303 01:22:12,595 --> 01:22:13,729 Final misconception. 1304 01:22:13,729 --> 01:22:16,632 If we accept that this problem is real, 1305 01:22:16,632 --> 01:22:19,602 maybe it's just too big to do anything about. 1306 01:22:19,602 --> 01:22:23,872 And, you know, there are a lot of people who go straight from denial 1307 01:22:23,872 --> 01:22:25,441 to despair 1308 01:22:25,441 --> 01:22:28,544 without pausing on the intermediate step 1309 01:22:28,544 --> 01:22:31,814 of actually doing something about the problem. 1310 01:22:31,814 --> 01:22:36,319 And that's what I'd like to finish with. The fact that we already know 1311 01:22:36,319 --> 01:22:40,756 everything we need to know to effectively address this problem. 1312 01:22:40,756 --> 01:22:43,792 We've got to do a lot of things, not just one. 1313 01:22:43,792 --> 01:22:46,862 If we use more efficient 1314 01:22:46,862 --> 01:22:48,764 electricity appliances, 1315 01:22:48,764 --> 01:22:52,668 we can save this much off of the global warming pollution 1316 01:22:52,668 --> 01:22:55,738 that would otherwise be put into the atmosphere. 1317 01:22:55,738 --> 01:22:58,941 If we use other end-use efficiency, this much. 1318 01:22:58,941 --> 01:23:01,644 If we have higher mileage cars, this much. 1319 01:23:01,644 --> 01:23:05,014 And all these begin to add up. Other transport efficiency, 1320 01:23:05,014 --> 01:23:07,050 renewable technology, 1321 01:23:07,050 --> 01:23:09,052 carbon capture and sequestration. 1322 01:23:09,052 --> 01:23:12,888 A big solution that you're gonna be hearing a lot more about. 1323 01:23:12,888 --> 01:23:14,423 They all add up, 1324 01:23:14,423 --> 01:23:19,162 and pretty soon we are below our 1970 emissions. 1325 01:23:20,029 --> 01:23:22,665 We have everything we need, 1326 01:23:22,665 --> 01:23:25,834 save perhaps political will. 1327 01:23:25,834 --> 01:23:30,239 But you know what? In America, political will is a renewable resource. 1328 01:23:35,111 --> 01:23:37,413 We have the ability to do this. 1329 01:23:37,413 --> 01:23:39,948 Each one of us is a cause of global warming, 1330 01:23:39,948 --> 01:23:42,618 but each of us can make choices to change that. 1331 01:23:42,618 --> 01:23:47,156 With the things we buy, the electricity we use, the cars we drive, 1332 01:23:47,156 --> 01:23:51,627 we can make choices to bring our individual carbon emissions to zero. 1333 01:23:51,627 --> 01:23:54,663 The solutions are in our hands. 1334 01:23:54,663 --> 01:23:58,000 We just have to have the determination to make them happen. 1335 01:23:58,000 --> 01:24:02,105 Are we gonna be left behind as the rest of the world moves forward? 1336 01:24:02,105 --> 01:24:05,441 All of these nations have ratified Kyoto. 1337 01:24:05,441 --> 01:24:10,646 There are only two advanced nations in the world that have not ratified Kyoto, 1338 01:24:10,646 --> 01:24:14,950 and we are one of them. The other is Australia. 1339 01:24:14,950 --> 01:24:18,387 Luckily, several states are taking the initiative. 1340 01:24:18,387 --> 01:24:21,657 The nine northeastern states have banded together 1341 01:24:21,657 --> 01:24:24,260 on reducing CO2. 1342 01:24:24,260 --> 01:24:26,962 California and Oregon are taking the initiative. 1343 01:24:26,962 --> 01:24:31,900 Pennsylvania's exercising leadership on solar power and wind power. 1344 01:24:31,900 --> 01:24:36,105 And US cities are stepping up to the plate. 1345 01:24:36,105 --> 01:24:40,309 One after the other, we have seen 1346 01:24:40,309 --> 01:24:44,847 all of these cities pledge to take on global warming. 1347 01:24:47,250 --> 01:24:50,719 So what about the rest of us? 1348 01:24:50,719 --> 01:24:55,758 Ultimately this question comes down to this. 1349 01:24:55,758 --> 01:24:59,828 Are we, as Americans, 1350 01:24:59,828 --> 01:25:02,631 capable of doing great things 1351 01:25:02,631 --> 01:25:05,234 even though they are difficult? 1352 01:25:05,234 --> 01:25:06,769 Are we capable 1353 01:25:06,769 --> 01:25:10,673 of rising above ourselves and above history? 1354 01:25:10,673 --> 01:25:15,311 Well, the record indicates that we do have that capacity. 1355 01:25:15,311 --> 01:25:17,980 We formed a nation, we fought a revolution 1356 01:25:17,980 --> 01:25:20,983 and brought something new to this earth, 1357 01:25:20,983 --> 01:25:25,087 a free nation guaranteeing individual liberty. 1358 01:25:25,087 --> 01:25:29,992 America made a moral decision. Its slavery was wrong, 1359 01:25:29,992 --> 01:25:34,997 and that we could not be half free and half slave. 1360 01:25:34,997 --> 01:25:36,832 We, as Americans, decided 1361 01:25:36,832 --> 01:25:39,702 that of course women should have the right to vote. 1362 01:25:39,702 --> 01:25:42,438 We defeated totalitarianism and won a war 1363 01:25:42,438 --> 01:25:46,209 in the Pacific and the Atlantic simultaneously. 1364 01:25:46,209 --> 01:25:49,312 We desegregated our schools. 1365 01:25:49,312 --> 01:25:52,815 And we cured fearsome diseases like polio. 1366 01:25:52,815 --> 01:25:54,650 We landed on the moon. 1367 01:25:54,650 --> 01:25:57,853 The very example of what's possible when we are at our best. 1368 01:25:57,853 --> 01:26:01,357 We worked together in a completely bipartisan way 1369 01:26:01,357 --> 01:26:03,192 to bring down communism. 1370 01:26:03,192 --> 01:26:07,330 We have even solved a global environmental crisis before, 1371 01:26:07,330 --> 01:26:10,065 the hole in the stratospheric ozone layer. 1372 01:26:10,065 --> 01:26:12,768 This was said to be an impossible problem to solve 1373 01:26:12,768 --> 01:26:15,538 because it's a global environmental challenge 1374 01:26:15,538 --> 01:26:19,842 requiring cooperation from every nation in the world. 1375 01:26:19,842 --> 01:26:21,677 But we took it on. 1376 01:26:21,677 --> 01:26:25,214 And the United States took the lead in phasing out the chemicals 1377 01:26:25,214 --> 01:26:26,982 that caused that problem. 1378 01:26:26,982 --> 01:26:31,887 So now we have to use our political processes in our democracy, 1379 01:26:31,887 --> 01:26:35,258 and then decide to act together to solve those problems. 1380 01:26:35,258 --> 01:26:38,927 But we have to have a different perspective on this one. 1381 01:26:38,927 --> 01:26:42,531 It's different from any problem we have ever faced before. 1382 01:26:44,400 --> 01:26:50,373 You remember that home movie of the earth spinning in space? 1383 01:26:50,373 --> 01:26:55,444 One of those spacecraft continuing on out into the universe, 1384 01:26:55,444 --> 01:26:58,981 when it got four billion miles out in space, 1385 01:26:58,981 --> 01:27:02,985 Carl Sagan said, "Let's take another picture of the earth." 1386 01:27:04,287 --> 01:27:06,455 You see that pale blue dot? 1387 01:27:07,423 --> 01:27:09,191 That's us. 1388 01:27:09,191 --> 01:27:13,128 Everything that has ever happened in all of human history 1389 01:27:13,128 --> 01:27:16,131 has happened on that pixel. 1390 01:27:16,131 --> 01:27:19,201 All the triumphs and all the tragedies. 1391 01:27:19,201 --> 01:27:22,104 All the wars, all the famines. 1392 01:27:22,104 --> 01:27:24,006 All the major advances. 1393 01:27:25,541 --> 01:27:27,443 It's our only home. 1394 01:27:28,577 --> 01:27:33,248 And that is what is at stake. 1395 01:27:33,248 --> 01:27:37,820 Our ability to live 1396 01:27:37,820 --> 01:27:40,389 on planet Earth, 1397 01:27:40,389 --> 01:27:42,791 to have a future as a civilization. 1398 01:27:46,829 --> 01:27:50,633 I believe this is a moral issue. 1399 01:27:50,633 --> 01:27:53,736 It is your time to seize this issue. 1400 01:27:53,736 --> 01:27:58,273 It is our time to rise again, to secure our future. 1401 01:28:09,151 --> 01:28:15,157 There's nothing that unusual about what I'm doing with this. 1402 01:28:15,157 --> 01:28:19,194 What is unusual is that I had the privilege to be shown it 1403 01:28:19,194 --> 01:28:21,029 as a young man. 1404 01:28:21,029 --> 01:28:22,465 (CHEERING) 1405 01:28:22,465 --> 01:28:25,434 MAN: Ladies and gentlemen, Mr. Al Gore. 1406 01:28:25,434 --> 01:28:30,005 GORE: It's almost as if a window was opened through which 1407 01:28:30,005 --> 01:28:34,042 the future was very clearly visible. 1408 01:28:35,444 --> 01:28:39,415 "See that?" he said, "See that? 1409 01:28:39,415 --> 01:28:43,452 "That's the future in which you are going to live your life." 1410 01:28:46,489 --> 01:28:48,724 (HELICOPTER BLADES WHIRRING) 1411 01:29:06,575 --> 01:29:09,111 Future generations 1412 01:29:09,111 --> 01:29:12,781 may well have occasion to ask themselves, 1413 01:29:12,781 --> 01:29:15,350 "What were our parents thinking? 1414 01:29:15,350 --> 01:29:20,022 "Why didn't they wake up when they had a chance?" 1415 01:29:24,159 --> 01:29:26,028 We have to hear that question from them, now. 1416 01:29:40,308 --> 01:29:43,446 ** (I NEED TO WAKE UP BY MELISSA ETHERIDGE PLAYING) 1417 01:30:24,487 --> 01:30:26,622 * Have I been sleeping? * 1418 01:30:28,423 --> 01:30:32,495 * I've been so still, afraid of crumbling * 1419 01:30:34,029 --> 01:30:36,699 * Have I been careless? * 1420 01:30:38,233 --> 01:30:42,905 * Dismissing all the distant rumblings * 1421 01:30:45,007 --> 01:30:49,444 * Take me where I am supposed to be * 1422 01:30:51,246 --> 01:30:56,384 * To comprehend the things that I can't see * 1423 01:30:56,384 --> 01:30:59,688 * 'Cause I need to move * 1424 01:30:59,688 --> 01:31:02,925 * I need to wake up * 1425 01:31:02,925 --> 01:31:06,328 * I need to change * 1426 01:31:06,328 --> 01:31:09,031 * I need to shake up * 1427 01:31:09,031 --> 01:31:12,334 * I need to speak out * 1428 01:31:12,334 --> 01:31:15,904 * Something's got to break up * 1429 01:31:15,904 --> 01:31:18,907 * I've been asleep * 1430 01:31:18,907 --> 01:31:22,911 * And I need to wake up * 1431 01:31:24,046 --> 01:31:25,681 * Now * 1432 01:31:29,384 --> 01:31:31,520 * And as a child * 1433 01:31:33,522 --> 01:31:38,927 * I danced like it was 1999 * 1434 01:31:38,927 --> 01:31:43,098 * My dreams were wild * 1435 01:31:43,098 --> 01:31:48,571 * That the promise of this new world would be mine * 1436 01:31:48,571 --> 01:31:53,776 * Now I am throwing off the carelessness of youth * 1437 01:31:56,144 --> 01:32:00,883 * To listen to an inconvenient truth * 1438 01:32:00,883 --> 01:32:04,687 * That I need to move * 1439 01:32:04,687 --> 01:32:07,890 * I need to wake up * 1440 01:32:07,890 --> 01:32:10,959 * I need to change * 1441 01:32:10,959 --> 01:32:13,896 * I need to shake up * 1442 01:32:13,896 --> 01:32:17,232 * I need to speak out * 1443 01:32:17,232 --> 01:32:20,803 * Something's got to break up * 1444 01:32:20,803 --> 01:32:23,672 * I've been asleep * 1445 01:32:23,672 --> 01:32:28,376 * And I need to wake up * 1446 01:32:28,376 --> 01:32:30,813 * Now * 1447 01:32:33,649 --> 01:32:36,952 * I am not an island * 1448 01:32:36,952 --> 01:32:40,022 * I am not alone * 1449 01:32:43,391 --> 01:32:46,328 * I and my intentions * 1450 01:32:46,328 --> 01:32:51,566 * Trapped here in this flesh and bone* 1451 01:32:52,534 --> 01:32:55,604 * And I need to move * 1452 01:32:56,471 --> 01:32:59,708 * I need to wake up * 1453 01:32:59,708 --> 01:33:02,978 * I need to change * 1454 01:33:02,978 --> 01:33:05,781 * I need to shake up * 1455 01:33:05,781 --> 01:33:09,151 * I need to speak out * 1456 01:33:09,151 --> 01:33:12,688 * Something's got to break up * 1457 01:33:12,688 --> 01:33:15,658 * I've been asleep * 1458 01:33:15,658 --> 01:33:20,462 * And I need to wake up * 1459 01:33:20,462 --> 01:33:24,132 * Now * 1460 01:33:25,734 --> 01:33:28,904 * I wanna to change * 1461 01:33:28,904 --> 01:33:31,807 * I need to shake up * 1462 01:33:31,807 --> 01:33:34,943 * I need to speak out * 1463 01:33:34,943 --> 01:33:38,714 * Oh, something's gotta break up * 1464 01:33:38,714 --> 01:33:41,684 * I've been asleep * 1465 01:33:41,684 --> 01:33:46,588 * And I need to wake up * 1466 01:33:46,588 --> 01:33:49,191 * Now * 1467 01:36:18,640 --> 01:36:20,242 * I've been asleep * 1468 01:36:24,646 --> 01:36:26,882 * I need to wake up ** 114672

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