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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:00,270 --> 00:00:04,590 We've covered a lot of ground so far and there's plenty more to cover. 2 00:00:04,590 --> 00:00:12,000 Having said that there is no way on earth we can cover everything in Linux and I can guarantee you that 3 00:00:12,000 --> 00:00:18,180 there will never ever be a Linux course that teaches you everything in the next as a matter of fact. 4 00:00:18,180 --> 00:00:19,310 You don't need to do that. 5 00:00:19,320 --> 00:00:25,440 You actually do not need to go and learn every single command and the next the way to go about developing 6 00:00:25,440 --> 00:00:32,010 your Linux skills and getting better and better at it is learning how to use the necessary tools whenever 7 00:00:32,010 --> 00:00:33,030 you need to. 8 00:00:33,180 --> 00:00:36,920 And the way you can do that is by knowing and learning how to get help. 9 00:00:37,050 --> 00:00:39,810 And this is what we're going to be covering in this section. 10 00:00:40,020 --> 00:00:45,810 We're going to be covering how and when to get help and how to use manuals when necessary. 11 00:00:45,930 --> 00:00:49,920 So let's say you come across a file that you have no clue what this file is. 12 00:00:49,950 --> 00:00:51,680 It has a weird file extension. 13 00:00:51,700 --> 00:00:54,880 You don't even know what tool you can use with that file. 14 00:00:55,290 --> 00:00:56,910 What do you do in this case. 15 00:00:56,910 --> 00:01:03,510 You use a command called File and the name of the file this determines the format of the file and it 16 00:01:03,510 --> 00:01:07,470 gives you an output that says this is the type of the file. 17 00:01:07,980 --> 00:01:13,650 And then you can use another command called opera posts with any keyword that you choose that will tell 18 00:01:13,650 --> 00:01:16,200 you what command you can use. 19 00:01:16,200 --> 00:01:18,330 Let's see that in action. 20 00:01:18,450 --> 00:01:22,640 I'm going to see the end to a directory called word lists. 21 00:01:22,650 --> 00:01:27,870 This is a directory where we have a number of what we call password dictionaries that we use and password 22 00:01:27,870 --> 00:01:33,050 attacks you learn about this in detail and the more advanced courses. 23 00:01:33,060 --> 00:01:40,980 For now let's say the end of that victory typing CDs slash user slash slash were lists and I got my 24 00:01:40,980 --> 00:01:41,900 eye on this rock. 25 00:01:41,910 --> 00:01:44,990 You thought T X did not gz file. 26 00:01:45,360 --> 00:01:48,200 Now assuming I'm completely new to the next I look at. 27 00:01:48,210 --> 00:01:50,100 And I have no idea what this file is. 28 00:01:50,100 --> 00:01:53,140 What on earth is this dot gz file. 29 00:01:53,190 --> 00:01:54,300 Fear not. 30 00:01:54,300 --> 00:02:00,490 All I need to do is type file and the name of the file and I get an output that says this is a G is 31 00:02:00,490 --> 00:02:02,600 it compressed data. 32 00:02:02,650 --> 00:02:03,210 All right. 33 00:02:03,210 --> 00:02:04,220 Now I'm getting somewhere. 34 00:02:04,230 --> 00:02:11,970 Now at least I know what kind of Phyliss I pull out another tool from my arsenal and I type I propose 35 00:02:12,050 --> 00:02:16,880 does it please tell me what tools I can use with these files. 36 00:02:16,890 --> 00:02:21,290 I look at the output and it looks like the first one is the one that makes sense. 37 00:02:22,130 --> 00:02:25,640 I can use it to compress or expand files. 38 00:02:25,640 --> 00:02:26,060 All right. 39 00:02:26,060 --> 00:02:26,650 Perfect. 40 00:02:26,690 --> 00:02:33,390 So what is this to which Jesus tells me it's on the slash bin slash geezer. 41 00:02:33,650 --> 00:02:34,570 Excellent. 42 00:02:34,580 --> 00:02:36,800 So now I know the type of the file. 43 00:02:36,800 --> 00:02:42,100 I know what tool I can use to decompress this file and I know exactly what it is. 44 00:02:42,890 --> 00:02:44,090 But hold on a second. 45 00:02:44,240 --> 00:02:50,390 That doesn't necessarily mean I know how to use this command to find out what I can do with this command. 46 00:02:50,420 --> 00:02:52,860 I can use the man commands. 47 00:02:52,970 --> 00:02:54,920 Man stands for manual. 48 00:02:55,310 --> 00:03:00,500 And almost every tool in the next would have a manual attached to it. 49 00:03:00,500 --> 00:03:04,410 But what exactly is the name of the manual for that tool. 50 00:03:04,940 --> 00:03:11,600 I can find out by using the man mindscape option which asks Linux to please go and find all the manual 51 00:03:11,600 --> 00:03:15,370 files associated with the key word that I'm looking for. 52 00:03:15,380 --> 00:03:17,510 And this case is jes it. 53 00:03:17,850 --> 00:03:21,490 And Linux tells me there's a man file called geezer. 54 00:03:21,530 --> 00:03:24,150 And another one called Z Force. 55 00:03:24,440 --> 00:03:25,050 Excellent. 56 00:03:25,100 --> 00:03:27,250 We'll see in a second how we look into my files. 57 00:03:27,260 --> 00:03:29,740 But let's say I just want a quick help. 58 00:03:29,750 --> 00:03:33,470 I don't want to go through pages and pages of manuals. 59 00:03:33,470 --> 00:03:36,890 One option I can use is the minus minus. 60 00:03:37,100 --> 00:03:43,910 So I type is that minus minus help and I have a quick list of options that I can use with this tool. 61 00:03:43,970 --> 00:03:47,540 And here we can also see that the minus H will do the same thing. 62 00:03:47,540 --> 00:03:51,380 So if I typed gs at minus H I'll get the same help output 63 00:03:54,630 --> 00:04:00,600 this by the way applies to almost every command that you use and the next type the command minus H or 64 00:04:00,600 --> 00:04:05,450 minus minus help and you will get a quick help output. 65 00:04:05,580 --> 00:04:11,130 If that's not enough for me and I want more information this is what I can pull out the manual and to 66 00:04:11,130 --> 00:04:15,260 do that I'll type man GS up and the manual opens. 67 00:04:15,360 --> 00:04:19,860 I can use the up and down key to go up one line or down one line. 68 00:04:20,190 --> 00:04:26,310 I can use the page up key or the page down key to go up and down one page. 69 00:04:26,490 --> 00:04:33,690 And if I want to return to the beginning of the manual I can just hit G or if I want to go to the end 70 00:04:33,690 --> 00:04:44,490 of the manual I can type shift G usually at the end of the manuals you'll find very useful examples. 71 00:04:44,710 --> 00:04:49,500 Let's say I want to search for a keyword compress for example to do that. 72 00:04:49,510 --> 00:04:53,830 I hit the slash key which gives me the option to start typing. 73 00:04:54,010 --> 00:04:56,220 I type compress and I hit enter. 74 00:04:56,320 --> 00:05:02,740 And notice how all the compressed words are highlighted in my text if I want to move to the next words 75 00:05:03,190 --> 00:05:10,070 I had the end key if I want to go back to the previous one it's shift plus an. 76 00:05:10,570 --> 00:05:16,140 And when I'm done reading the manual to leave all I need to do is hit the q key. 77 00:05:16,240 --> 00:05:17,830 Your mission for the section. 78 00:05:17,840 --> 00:05:24,620 Use the same skills we just learnt to find out what the locate command does and then understand what 79 00:05:24,620 --> 00:05:32,900 the difference is between locate and which once you're done navigate the slash temp directory try and 80 00:05:32,900 --> 00:05:39,150 locate the Unix underscore slash passwords to XTi find find where it is and. 81 00:05:39,620 --> 00:05:41,980 And while you are in the temp directory. 82 00:05:42,050 --> 00:05:46,180 Copy the file from its location to the temp directory. 83 00:05:46,310 --> 00:05:52,590 So copy the Unix underscore passer's to the XTi from whatever it is to the democratic that victory and 84 00:05:52,620 --> 00:05:53,600 why you were there. 85 00:05:53,600 --> 00:05:58,170 Find out what command you can use to count the words in the file. 86 00:05:58,460 --> 00:06:02,570 This is one of the password dictionary files that we use and pass with the attacks. 87 00:06:02,690 --> 00:06:07,400 Again that's another topic that you be learning and the more advanced courses by the command were going 88 00:06:07,400 --> 00:06:12,440 to be using will give you a rough idea on the huge number of passwords we can be using and password 89 00:06:12,440 --> 00:06:13,750 that decks. 90 00:06:13,790 --> 00:06:16,710 Once you're done and ready we can move on to the next section. 9276