Original subtitles

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In this section we're going to be looking at archiving and compassion.

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The difference between archiving and compression.

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So the objectives here are to understand the difference between these two.

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And to learn how to archive compress and decompress files and folders.

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Let me start by explaining the difference between the two terms archiving and compression I think started

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a while back in the early days of Unix.

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System administrators used to back up files and folders and put them on tapes.

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These tapes will be stored away just in case the backup was needed at any point in time.

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Say for example there was a system lost some files get lost or corrupted.

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They would bring back the tape and would restore the files and folders that are needed.

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Obviously that applies to a lot more than just files and folders.

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So we're talking about databases for example.

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But let's not complicate things too much so archiving in essence was only about taking a back up of

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the files and folders that we were interested in.

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However what would happen is that these files and folders would be copied to that tape and they would

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still be the same file size and the same for their size as they were originally on the system.

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So let's say for example I'm backing up my documents and My Documents are 20 megs in size.

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For example if I back them up on a tape or I archive them on the tape they would still be the exact

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same size 20 megs compression.

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However as the name implies would compress the flaws in a way that they would take up less space.

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So if I compress my documents they might end up for example being 15 makes instead of 20.

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And that way they will take less space on my archive tapes and that would end up saving me money because

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I wouldn't have to be buying more tapes.

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I would be saving space on tapes and thus I'd be saving money.

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And this is why it's very often that you're going to be seeing these technologies or these two commands

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being used in conjunction.

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It's rare that you see archiving being used without compression.

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So that was the original purpose of archiving and compression.

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However on top of that an ethical hacking.

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We use it for slightly different purposes as well.

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Here's the post exploitation tip for the section after the compromise a host.

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It's very often that you will be needing to upload and download files if you remember the section on

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package management.

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I told you that Nessus is not installed by default on kalee.

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As a matter of fact it's not installed by default on almost all Linux systems.

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So let's say for example you come across a Linux system that you managed to break into your compromise

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and you want to use it as a stepping stone C can scan another network using Nazis or unmap but unfortunately

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these tools on are found on that system where you need to do in that case is get that tool and uploaded

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on the compromised system.

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Assuming for example that that system doesn't have internet connectivity which could be the case.

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And some of corporate environments we discuss that's been argued before and I told you earlier and the

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package management section that they were hearing back then about how we upload and download files that's

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going to be for a different chapter in the course now we get to that.

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So you will come across interviews where you would have to upload or download files or folders or tools

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a compromise system and other scenario for example as you compromisers system but you don't have root

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access you compromises as a regular user.

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You will need to upload a privilege escalation exploit that will be an exploit that if you run will

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give you root access.

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You might also as an ethical hacker or as a penetration doesn't have to upload or download profiles.

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So that would be as an ideal for example that you would be assigned to target and as a proof you need

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to break into that target and create textfiles saying that you were there.

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So the scenarios are endless really.

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But what's really sure and certain is that you will definitely be in situations where you will have

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to upload or download faster systems that are not connected to the internet so you cannot just browse

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to anyone that you want and download files on that system.

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You're going to have to do that using your colonics.

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Usually the first option we go to if it's available as the SS H is pretty convenient it allows you to

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log in remotely.

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You can use it to upload files download files and do pretty much anything that you want.

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The second option if S-sh is not available as a DTP So here I'm talking about turning your Linux box

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into a web server.

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Now there are many other ways that we discuss in advanced courses.

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So for example if it's a Windows system you can take advantage of a script and polish if it's other

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of systems how he can take advantage of TFT or FTB and so on.

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Needless to say after I talked about oh that uploading one file at a time or downloading one file at

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time is going to be a big hassle.

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And this is what archiving and compression comes in handy.

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So let's look at the archiving tool and the next archiving tool is called Tott which is short actually

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for tape archive to create an archive.

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You use tie see 48 to append an archive.

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In other words to add files or for others to you archive that's already been created.

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Use the option.

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So tired or to list the contents of an archive without extracting it.

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You just want to see what's in it.

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You use tot T taught X is to extract the archive.

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V is for verbose.

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It gives you information on the progress on what's going on top.

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F is used to specify the name of the file that you want.

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If we want to compress our archive we use one of two tools usually either a zip or zip to Jesus is the

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classic compression and Linux BS that too has more powerful compression but it takes a little bit more

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time to compress.

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Now frankly speaking the difference is negligible.

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You wouldn't really notice any difference if you're working on small files.

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You might notice a small difference if you walk in on far as of massive size.

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But for our purpose the difference really is negligible.

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So as you experiment more with Linux you will come across websites where you can download tools to play

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around with and it's very often that you're going to find these tools compressed and archived and Jees

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that format always a format.

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Here are some examples that we're going to be using practically in a moment to create an archive.

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You use the Taurasi like we said C is for create V is for verbose and F is for the filename.

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So in this example I'm doing taht c v f the archive name whatever I choose to name it.

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So in this instance calling it archive have taught and the files and directories that I want to archive

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file one file to deal one and the two.

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Now if you notice I change the colors of the first letters and this is just for you to be able to easily

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spot the difference between archiving and compression and the different options that we're using.

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You might also have noticed that I'm not using the minus here.

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We've seen that one is being used all the time.

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For example when using ls I'm using ls minus a L when I'm using or am I'm using odd minus odd F for

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the options.

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Torah is one of the very few tools that I don't have to use the minus one I'm using an option.

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So carrying on to list the contents of an archive.

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We said it's taught T and Vitthal verbose and F as the filename.

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So notice that it's pretty much all constant.

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The only thing changing is the first letter.

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If I want to bend or add a file or directory it's Todd R..

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That's the only thing that's changing via's still constant f still canceling the filename is constant

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and whatever I'm adding at the end let's see how that looks like practically.

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I've created three different directories and three different files.

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Some like to start by creating the archive to do that.

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I want to use that thought see create V for verbose and F for the file name and this case my filename

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is archived.

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Todd and whatever I want to archive did one dir to find one and file to because I've used the V option

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which is for verbose.

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I get a list of what's been archived.

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I notice that automatically did one and it's subdirectory and the two and add subdirectory archived.

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Now let me list the content of the archive just to verify what I have.

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And for that I use the tired t to list and then the remaining is still the same.

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The F and the Archive name perfect.

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Now let's say I want to append my archive.

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I forgot to add D.S. 3 and 5 3 append to my archive.

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I use the auto option so taught by V.F. is still the same.

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Like I have is still the same and whatever I want to add to my archive years 3 and 5 3 I will verify

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that again using that thought.

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T the F and the Archive name.

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And here we go.

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Now I have all the contents of my directory in the archive.

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Let me keep it on the screen.

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I'm going to create a directory called backup and copy my archive file into the backup directory.

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Now I'm going to navigate to the backup directory and all I have in that directory is just the file

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or the archive file.

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And I'm going to show you now how to extract files and folders.

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First of all let's say I want to extract only one file or only one folder.

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I don't want to extract the entire archive.

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I would still use the same command.

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Tor X for extract.

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The F which is still the same verbose filename the filename on the top and whatever I want to extract.

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In this case 5:3 if I do an s or see that file 3 is not extracted.

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Let me try that again with dier 3

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if I do as I have the three extracted as well.

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Excellent.

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So you don't actually have to extract everything you can pick and choose whatever you want to extract

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if I want to extract everything I say.

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Todd x4 extract V.F. and the archive name.

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And here we go.

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Extract everything.

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I'll clear the screen and I'm going to go back to the temp directory.

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Let me show you what's on my desktop doing unless home desktop.

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There's nothing that it's empty so let's say I'm now in my time that actually and I want to extract

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my archive but I want to do that.

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I wanted to extract that files to be on the desktop.

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I don't want them to be in the time that actually do that.

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I can specify the data to do what I want to extract using minus capital C option.

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So the command is tied.

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SDF archive name minus capital C and the destination directory.

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So now everything that I extracted on my desktop.

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Now let's say I want to archive and compress the files I'm going to start with the GC files to create

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those.

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I do.

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Todd z and z will be always used when we're dealing with the GC files or is that if you are British

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and the rest is going to be the same.

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So that's the way to memorize these commands easily.

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And this is what it looks like.

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Todd Z.

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C v f compressed dot dot dot.

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GZ and the files.

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I want to archive

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if I want to use visit to instead of Z.

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I use J and said exactly the same for the rest of the commands notice though that I do change the extension.

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And here we go.

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Now I have two different files compressed and zipped list again it's TV f if I want to list Jeezy files

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I do Z CVF and if I want a list Baeza to I use J.

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CVF

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Let's see how the extraction works.

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First I'm going to create a directory called Jeezy and I'll copy the compressed file to the directory.

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Man I'm going to see neither the directory.

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So if I want to extract.

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You should know how to do that when out.

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It's Todd Z for the GZ files and then x4 extract the.

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And at.

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And I can specify the file name if I want

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or I can extract everything if I so choose.

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I do I'll ask to verify that they go back and let me do the same thing with the busy easy file.

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So I'm going to create a directory called visit

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and this case I'm going to copy it to the directory.

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I'm going to use the minus see option that we saw earlier.

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So again Todd J.

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This time because it's a busy busy file x4 extract the f the name of the file minus capital C and the

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destination directory.

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I do s to verify it.

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By the way here's the cool thing that you might have noticed when I'm typing.

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J.

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Z F and I type the name on the file and I hit tab for auto completion tab will automatically complete

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with the correct extension.

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So if I'm using j.

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It automatically completes the beezy to file.

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If I'm using the Z X-Fi it automatically completes the GC file.

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All right so that was it.

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To see how we can upload and download these files to the victim machine.

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You're going to have to wait for part two.