Original subtitles

1

Or it's got a quick introduction to the ls command.

2

Now let's see what other options we can use with it.

3

Again there are less command lists the content of a directory.

4

If we use less money and will do a long listing if we use less minus a will show us hidden files.

5

If we use LS minus Our it will list the names and reverse order if we use LS dynasty it will show us

6

new files first and if we use LS minus Arti it would show us a listing and reverse time.

7

So all the files and folders.

8

First let's see how this works so right now I'm in my home directory and if I type as I can see the

9

content of my home directory.

10

All of these directories or folders.

11

In other words just step documents and so on.

12

Let's say I want to display the content of the temp directory.

13

I can do that easily by typing LS space forward slash temp.

14

And now I can see the directories that I just created and some other files that I've created including

15

test files this file to an X Files.

16

Let's see how the options work.

17

Now if I type as minus l using the minus l option and slash them.

18

Notice how different the output looks.

19

This is what we call the long listing with ls.

20

What I wanted to focus on for now is the very first letter or symbol on the far left.

21

D stands for directory.

22

And notice how in Cali the directories are coded and blue by default.

23

So you have day-I or one and testee are these both are directories with the letter D on the left the

24

dash symbol signifies a file as can be seen here next to the test file test file 2 and X Files.

25

Let's say I want to display the content of the I or one directory I can easily do that by typing LS

26

space for the slash step forward slash the.

27

And I can see that inside the one I have to.

28

So I'm trying to say here is that you don't have to see the entire directory to see its content.

29

You can do that from anywhere in the system by typing Ellas space and the full path.

30

Now let's see what the minus a does file type LS minus a l slash term

31

I see a lot more output.

32

See all of these and three is colored by Green and preceded by a dot.

33

These are hidden files.

34

This is why we didn't see them and the first time we used the LS minus Al using the minus a shows us

35

the hidden directories and files.

36

And usually these are preceded as said by a dot.

37

Notice the top to the DOT and the dot dot.

38

We've seen this before with the CD.

39

Let's understand a little bit more how this works.

40

Let me do an Alice minus a L on the directory to under deal 1 and temp.

41

Notice that 22 is empty.

42

All that I can see that is that dot and dot dot.

43

Let's see the the I are 2.

44

Now like I explained when we were looking at the CD the dot signifies the current working directory

45

that dot dot was up one directory.

46

So now if I type CD but in theory I should still remain where I am because the DOT signifies the current

47

directory.

48

Let's see if this works.

49

And then I type see the space Daut and notice that my working directory hasn't changed.

50

I'm still exactly what I am if I type see the space dot dot I should in theory move up one directory

51

to d i r one.

52

Let's try that.

53

See the space dot dot and I'm in the eye of one.

54

Now if I type it again see the space dot dot I'm going to move up one directory and now I'm in time.

55

Can you guess what I will be if I do that one more time.

56

We've already seen that.

57

See these space dot dot on em back to root.

58

I hope now this clarifies the difference between dot and dot dot and how we can use them in different

59

manners.

60

Let's look at another option.

61

First I'm going to do the one that we've already seen unless one has slashed them so you can compare

62

it with the other one.

63

Now I'm going to do the minus one.

64

Like we said the minors are lists in reverse name LS minus our space flash them.

65

Notice how the output is now reversed.

66

The odd one is now at the bottom.

67

So it's kind of like when you add in Windows Microsoft Windows you're sorting by name.

68

Now let's try to list the new files first.

69

And I do that by typing LS space minus D L slash temp and noticed that the first file was created at

70

10:44 the second at 10:36 the third at 10:27.

71

So now I'm listing or I'm sorting by the newest file first and I'll let you try the last one by yourself.

72

The LS minus Arti

73

so far so good.

74

I hope nothing too complicated.

75

On the contrary super simple stuff we've seen how to change directory.

76

We've seen how to create directories and files and we've seen how to list the content of directories

77

after we created some files and folders inside them.

78

Easy stuff hazier machine for the section.

79

Try the following commands that you see in front of you and not what the results are.

80

The last comment in particular is a fairly useful one that can save you quite a bit of time when you're

81

working with Linux.