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These are the user uploaded subtitles that are being translated: 1 00:00:00,840 --> 00:00:06,830 Let's talk a little bit about Truett and Linux there are two truths. 2 00:00:06,840 --> 00:00:09,550 There's the rich user and the root directory. 3 00:00:10,500 --> 00:00:15,630 There's also the route home but let's not talk about that for now so we don't confuse ourselves for 4 00:00:15,630 --> 00:00:23,080 now what I want to talk about is the root user and Olynyk systems particularly in Cali as well. 5 00:00:23,080 --> 00:00:30,710 By default the root use less active and you log in as the root user and as you can see here this is 6 00:00:30,710 --> 00:00:32,200 the user name that I've logged. 7 00:00:32,240 --> 00:00:42,140 And we also saw that under the power button this indicates that I'm logged in as root user and caddied. 8 00:00:42,250 --> 00:00:45,010 You can also tell that you are the root user. 9 00:00:45,040 --> 00:00:49,560 Remember when I talked about this a little bit earlier we said this indicates that you are the true 10 00:00:49,690 --> 00:00:50,800 user. 11 00:00:51,100 --> 00:00:58,080 What this means is that you are this super user that you can do anything to your system. 12 00:00:58,150 --> 00:01:04,120 This is super important for you to recognize because as a super user issuing Sundram commands could 13 00:01:04,120 --> 00:01:09,250 cause a great deal of damage and you end up having to rebuild your system from scratch sometimes. 14 00:01:10,170 --> 00:01:17,390 So be careful when issuing commands as root usually in production environments at work or at home or 15 00:01:17,400 --> 00:01:18,890 when you're connected to the Internet. 16 00:01:18,900 --> 00:01:25,710 You don't want to be running as root because anything that gets executed in your system will be executed 17 00:01:25,740 --> 00:01:29,530 as root which means it will have access to anything it wants. 18 00:01:29,550 --> 00:01:37,560 For example let's say you accidentally download a virus or malware and you execute that as a route that 19 00:01:37,560 --> 00:01:43,320 will give the virus with privileges meaning that the virus when it runs it will run as root and it will 20 00:01:43,320 --> 00:01:47,700 have unlimited unrestricted access to anything in your system. 21 00:01:47,970 --> 00:01:53,720 Well on the other hand if you log in as a regular user that does not have separate admin powers and 22 00:01:53,720 --> 00:01:59,040 you run that virus the widest might break and it might not be able to access the files that it needs 23 00:01:59,070 --> 00:02:00,070 access to. 24 00:02:00,390 --> 00:02:05,840 So because this is a super important user the first thing we want to do is change the default password. 25 00:02:05,970 --> 00:02:13,120 And the way you do that is by issuing the past WD commands I will ask you to enter and you password 26 00:02:14,240 --> 00:02:16,620 and retired then you pass it. 27 00:02:16,940 --> 00:02:20,710 Once done it tells you that the password has been updated successfully. 28 00:02:21,920 --> 00:02:26,600 I'm going to close that for now because I want to talk to you a little bit about directory structures 29 00:02:26,930 --> 00:02:29,300 now that you know what the rules user is. 30 00:02:29,360 --> 00:02:36,520 Let's see what they're with directory is and went to go to places and to computer. 31 00:02:36,760 --> 00:02:39,500 Let move this down a little bit. 32 00:02:39,570 --> 00:02:40,280 Right. 33 00:02:40,660 --> 00:02:48,650 This here where I can see everything is called the root directory and this is the main directory or 34 00:02:48,650 --> 00:02:54,550 the trunk of the tree if you will that anything else crashes out from under the directory. 35 00:02:54,550 --> 00:02:59,950 I have different factors such as the Ben EDC home and so on. 36 00:02:59,960 --> 00:03:01,620 Let's talk about those for a bit. 37 00:03:01,640 --> 00:03:07,350 The bin directory then stands for binary which means it has all the user binaries in it. 38 00:03:07,490 --> 00:03:17,660 So all the programs that I can run as a user are here including the bash the copy cat the grep and so 39 00:03:17,660 --> 00:03:18,010 on. 40 00:03:18,020 --> 00:03:24,850 All of these are commands that we're going to be looking at throughout this course the EDC directory 41 00:03:25,350 --> 00:03:27,780 is where we have the configuration files. 42 00:03:27,970 --> 00:03:33,060 So for example later on in the course we're going to be configuring the s h server so if I type. 43 00:03:33,070 --> 00:03:36,970 S-sh I can access the s h folder. 44 00:03:38,820 --> 00:03:41,690 And this is the file that we're going to be going to be getting later on. 45 00:03:41,710 --> 00:03:43,710 Are we going to be changing later on. 46 00:03:44,820 --> 00:03:50,980 The home directory is where I would have different folders for different users on the system. 47 00:03:51,030 --> 00:03:54,990 I've already created a couple of users so you can see what it looks like. 48 00:03:55,020 --> 00:04:01,020 I have two users on the system in addition to who is fluff and Tom usually these users would have their 49 00:04:01,020 --> 00:04:03,690 files and separate home directories. 50 00:04:03,690 --> 00:04:04,750 This is Tom's home. 51 00:04:04,800 --> 00:04:12,230 And this is Fluff's home the other user the Esben folder would have the system winery's. 52 00:04:12,270 --> 00:04:17,130 So we saw that bin folder which had the band that is for the user. 53 00:04:17,130 --> 00:04:22,950 These are the system winery's And these are banners that usually used to reconfigure the system or do 54 00:04:22,950 --> 00:04:30,630 things that would need root access or admin access regular users without the admin privileges will not 55 00:04:30,630 --> 00:04:33,270 be able to run these boundaries here. 56 00:04:33,660 --> 00:04:37,940 The temp as the name says will contain time for this anthem fights. 57 00:04:38,010 --> 00:04:42,300 You can use that when you're working on something Temperley that you want I know later on that you really 58 00:04:42,300 --> 00:04:43,290 don't care about. 59 00:04:43,290 --> 00:04:48,510 You just dump it and the time to get the work done and then forget about it later on you can come and 60 00:04:48,510 --> 00:04:49,280 delete it. 61 00:04:49,500 --> 00:04:52,950 And last but not least is the route home that. 62 00:04:53,090 --> 00:04:58,020 I don't know if you've noticed or you thought about this when you went to the home for the only home 63 00:04:58,020 --> 00:04:59,310 for two users. 64 00:04:59,310 --> 00:05:03,430 However we know for a fact that the system has more than two users. 65 00:05:03,480 --> 00:05:11,160 We know that the use of truth exists but there is no home here that is separate on its own and it's 66 00:05:11,160 --> 00:05:11,470 here. 67 00:05:11,490 --> 00:05:15,170 This is the home he can see the home I can on it. 68 00:05:15,960 --> 00:05:21,380 And this is where I have my documents desktop and so on. 69 00:05:21,840 --> 00:05:29,250 This folder is not accessible by other users unless they have privileges they cannot access this folder. 70 00:05:29,970 --> 00:05:33,380 So to recap what I'd like to keep in mind is a number of things. 71 00:05:33,390 --> 00:05:36,660 Number one there is the root user. 72 00:05:36,660 --> 00:05:44,060 Number two there is a root directory which has all the other directories branching out of it. 73 00:05:44,070 --> 00:05:47,330 And number three we have their word home. 74 00:05:47,450 --> 00:05:52,280 It might sound a bit confusing for now but you'll get used to it much faster than you think. 75 00:05:52,500 --> 00:05:58,080 So whenever there are scores I'm saying you just assume that this is the road user that I'm talking 76 00:05:58,080 --> 00:06:05,490 about unless I specify route home or root directory if I say to home that means I'm talking about this 77 00:06:05,490 --> 00:06:06,360 for that here. 78 00:06:06,450 --> 00:06:13,230 What has everything else under it that belongs to route documents downloads those videos and so on. 79 00:06:13,440 --> 00:06:21,320 And when I say directory that means this directory that has everything as branching out from it's again 80 00:06:21,880 --> 00:06:30,420 to use a good home and good directory that's all for the section that's moved onto the next section 81 00:06:30,810 --> 00:06:36,100 and explore together some of the most common commands that we will be using today on Linux. 9134